Census Profile, 2016 Census
Esprit-Saint, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Esprit-Saint, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Fredericton New Brunswick [Population centre]
	Data quality , Esprit-Saint, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Esprit-Saint, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	341	...	...	59,405	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	379	...	...	56,663^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-10.0	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	209	...	...	28,776	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	171	...	...	26,328	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.0	...	...	712.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	169.40	...	...	83.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	340	185	155	59,405	28,280	31,125
0 to 14 years	25	15	15	9,005	4,505	4,500
0 to 4 years	15	5	10	3,000	1,500	1,505
5 to 9 years	10	5	0	3,005	1,505	1,500
10 to 14 years	5	0	0	3,000	1,505	1,500
15 to 64 years	215	120	95	40,015	19,365	20,650
15 to 19 years	15	10	5	3,310	1,655	1,655
20 to 24 years	20	10	5	5,290	2,625	2,660
25 to 29 years	15	10	0	4,425	2,245	2,175
30 to 34 years	20	15	5	4,055	2,000	2,060
35 to 39 years	5	5	5	3,790	1,840	1,955
40 to 44 years	20	10	10	3,855	1,830	2,030
45 to 49 years	15	10	10	3,810	1,805	2,005
50 to 54 years	35	20	15	4,060	1,940	2,115
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	3,860	1,830	2,030
60 to 64 years	35	20	15	3,560	1,590	1,965
65 years and over	95	50	45	10,385	4,410	5,975
65 to 69 years	45	20	30	3,235	1,480	1,755
70 to 74 years	25	20	5	2,415	1,085	1,330
75 to 79 years	10	10	5	1,855	830	1,025
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	1,375	545	830
85 years and over	5	5	5	1,510	470	1,035
85 to 89 years	5	5	5	890	315	575
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	485	120	360
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	125	35	95
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	7.4	8.1	9.7	15.2	15.9	14.5
15 to 64 years	63.2	64.9	61.3	67.4	68.5	66.3
65 years and over	27.9	27.0	29.0	17.5	15.6	19.2
85 years and over	1.5	2.7	3.2	2.5	1.7	3.3
Average age of the population	49.5	48.7	50.4	40.9	39.5	42.1
Median age of the population	54.6	53.9	56.0	39.8	38.0	41.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	170	...	...	26,330	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	11,910	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	460	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	25	...	...	12,275	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	685	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,080	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	2,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20	...	...	8,035	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	170	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,680	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
1 person	65	...	...	8,470	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	9,835	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	3,830	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	2,940	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	1,250	...	...
Number of persons in private households	340	...	...	58,150	...	...
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	310	170	140	50,400	23,770	26,625
Married or living common law	200	100	100	27,610	13,775	13,830
Married	110	55	50	22,205	11,075	11,135
Living common law	90	40	45	5,405	2,705	2,700
Not married and not living common law	110	70	40	22,790	9,995	12,795
Never married	75	55	20	14,995	7,760	7,235
Separated	0	5	0	1,570	620	945
Divorced	15	5	10	3,275	1,100	2,175
Widowed	20	5	15	2,950	520	2,435
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	100	...	...	16,300	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	9,260	...	...
3 persons	15	...	...	3,370	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	2,720	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	950	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	105	...	...	16,300	...	...
Total couple families	95	...	...	13,505	...	...
Married couples	55	...	...	10,805	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	2,705	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10	...	...	2,795	...	...
Female parent	0	...	...	2,300	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	13,505	...	...
Couples without children	65	...	...	7,430	...	...
Couples with children	35	...	...	6,075	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	2,635	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	2,530	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	2,800	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	1,830	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	735	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	75	40	30	13,575	6,185	7,390
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	170	...	...	26,330	...	...
One-census-family households	100	...	...	15,860	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	65	...	...	7,260	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	40	...	...	8,605	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	220	...	...
Non-census-family households	70	...	...	10,250	...	...
One-person households	65	...	...	8,475	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,775	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	340	185	155	58,665	28,015	30,655
English only	0	0	0	44,165	21,630	22,525
French only	325	175	145	190	95	95
English and French	20	15	5	13,675	5,995	7,680
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	640	295	345
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	340	185	155	58,665	28,015	30,655
English	0	0	0	53,580	25,710	27,870
French	345	190	155	4,115	1,855	2,260
English and French	0	0	0	345	165	185
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	630	285	345
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	4,285	1,940	2,355
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.3	6.9	7.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	340	185	150	58,670	28,015	30,650
Single responses	340	190	155	57,720	27,585	30,130
Official languages	340	185	155	52,345	24,850	27,490
English	0	0	0	48,255	23,010	25,250
French	340	190	155	4,085	1,845	2,240
Non-official languages	0	0	0	5,370	2,730	2,645
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Malecite	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5,310	2,700	2,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,005	540	460
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,000	535	460
Amharic	0	0	0	40	20	15
Arabic	0	0	0	905	480	415
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	50	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	185	100	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	180	100	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	160	65	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	45	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	45	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,110	1,060	1,055
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	575	280	295
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	565	270	290
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	40	25	20
Russian	0	0	0	325	165	155
Serbian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	340	155	185
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Dutch	0	0	0	100	50	50
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	200	90	105
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	765	415	350
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	450	250	205
Bengali	0	0	0	80	50	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	95	45	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	125	65	65
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	65	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	310	170	145
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	280	150	130
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	375	185	195
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	20	30
Romanian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Spanish	0	0	0	235	120	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	310	160	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	140	75	65
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,175	590	585
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,175	590	585
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	50	60
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	920	465	455
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	950	435	515
English and French	0	0	0	550	240	315
English and non-official language	0	0	0	340	160	170
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	345	185	155	58,670	28,015	30,650
Single responses	340	190	155	57,390	27,380	30,015
Official languages	345	190	150	53,930	25,605	28,325
English	0	0	0	51,725	24,605	27,120
French	345	185	155	2,205	995	1,205
Non-official languages	0	0	0	3,460	1,775	1,685
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	10	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,445	1,765	1,680
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	710	360	345
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	705	360	345
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	665	345	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	165	90	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	160	85	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,200	610	590
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	400	200	195
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	385	190	190
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	260	135	130
Serbian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	50	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	45	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	525	275	250
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	285	145	140
Bengali	0	0	0	55	30	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	60	30	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	90	40	50
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	240	130	110
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	230	120	110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	195	95	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Spanish	0	0	0	135	75	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	245	130	115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	25	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	930	480	450
Chinese languages	0	0	0	930	480	450
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	785	410	370
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,275	635	640
English and French	0	0	0	390	190	200
English and non-official language	0	0	0	840	425	415
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	15	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	340	190	155	58,665	28,015	30,650
None	340	185	155	52,235	25,065	27,170
English	5	0	5	2,405	1,170	1,235
French	0	0	0	2,460	1,040	1,415
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,435	675	755
Aboriginal	0	0	0	95	40	55
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,340	640	700
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	310	170	140	49,170	23,315	25,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	305	170	135	46,705	22,075	24,630
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,424	30,528	17,504	33,448	39,260	28,911
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	305	170	135	46,720	22,080	24,645
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,368	27,712	17,387	30,124	34,652	26,612
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	230	140	95	42,725	20,635	22,090
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	18,784	22,112	14,304	31,260	37,569	26,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	280	160	115	32,795	13,620	19,175
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,435	12,448	11,040	5,278	4,692	5,538
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	195	125	75	34,640	17,350	17,290
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,392	22,464	15,264	30,740	35,368	26,967
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	345	180	170	49,235	23,295	25,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	335	170	160	46,790	21,985	24,800
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,756	30,618	20,617	43,014	49,567	37,206
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	335	170	160	46,800	21,985	24,810
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,528	27,626	19,196	35,813	40,575	31,593
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	250	130	120	42,620	20,590	22,030
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,815	25,730	17,595	41,686	48,394	35,415
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	305	170	135	32,995	13,660	19,330
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,261	11,281	8,995	7,151	6,823	7,383
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	225	130	95	34,825	17,340	17,480
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,802	23,199	19,914	40,455	45,944	35,011
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	345	180	165	49,235	23,300	25,940
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	85	45	35	17,520	9,185	8,335
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	27,080	27,076	30,340	49,295	54,696	45,938
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	24,899	24,966	24,816	57,921	63,812	51,426
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	60.8	63.1	59.8	88.4	91.6	84.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	53.7	56.7	48.5	69.7	72.8	66.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	38.9	39.0	42.5	11.6	8.4	15.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	315	170	140	49,170	23,315	25,855
Without total income	5	0	0	2,465	1,240	1,225
With total income	310	170	140	46,700	22,075	24,625
Percentage with total income	98.4	100.0	100.0	95.0	94.7	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	15	20	6,510	2,890	3,625
$10,000 to $19,999	100	35	65	7,870	2,995	4,880
$20,000 to $29,999	55	30	25	6,990	2,810	4,175
$30,000 to $39,999	65	45	20	5,620	2,535	3,085
$40,000 to $49,999	25	20	5	4,930	2,280	2,650
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	3,730	1,905	1,825
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	0	2,930	1,625	1,300
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	2,285	1,230	1,055
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	1,635	925	715
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,035	630	405
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	3,170	2,245	920
$100,000 to $149,999	0	0	0	2,215	1,540	675
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	960	710	255
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	315	170	140	49,170	23,315	25,855
Without after-tax income	5	5	5	2,450	1,240	1,210
With after-tax income	305	170	135	46,715	22,075	24,645
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	100.0	96.4	95.0	94.7	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	10	20	6,800	2,925	3,875
$10,000 to $19,999	105	40	65	8,300	3,200	5,100
$20,000 to $29,999	75	50	25	8,155	3,395	4,760
$30,000 to $39,999	55	40	20	6,935	3,145	3,790
$40,000 to $49,999	30	25	5	5,505	2,725	2,780
$50,000 to $59,999	5	0	0	3,880	2,175	1,705
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	0	2,700	1,470	1,230
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	0	1,500	935	560
$80,000 and over	0	0	0	2,935	2,095	840
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	975	670	310
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	565	410	150
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	1,400	1,015	380
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	310	175	140	49,165	23,315	25,855
Without employment income	115	50	65	14,530	5,970	8,565
With employment income	200	120	75	34,640	17,350	17,290
Percentage with employment income	64.5	68.6	53.6	70.5	74.4	66.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	25	15	4,265	1,975	2,290
$5,000 to $9,999	10	0	5	3,175	1,420	1,755
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	25	5,135	2,310	2,825
$20,000 to $29,999	35	25	10	4,460	2,045	2,410
$30,000 to $39,999	35	25	15	3,540	1,720	1,820
$40,000 to $49,999	20	15	0	3,370	1,565	1,800
$50,000 to $59,999	5	5	0	2,530	1,350	1,180
$60,000 to $69,999	0	0	0	2,130	1,175	955
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	1,720	875	845
$80,000 and over	0	0	0	4,310	2,900	1,405
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	1,210	720	490
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	800	495	305
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	2,305	1,690	615
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	170	...	...	26,330	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	44,480	...	...	60,394	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	40,896	...	...	52,773	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	65	...	...	8,470	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,616	...	...	34,549	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,232	...	...	31,006	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	17,855	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,296	...	...	78,099	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	50,304	...	...	68,164	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	170	...	...	26,325	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,287	...	...	76,450	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,022	...	...	63,666	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	8,430	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,915	...	...	41,730	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,396	...	...	35,274	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	17,895	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,354	...	...	92,815	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,185	...	...	77,047	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	170	...	...	26,325	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	540	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	760	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1,225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	1,305	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	1,260	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	1,320	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	1,265	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	2,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	2,015	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	1,730	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	1,500	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	1,220	...	...
$100,000 and over	5	...	...	6,785	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	2,360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,630	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	1,655	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	170	...	...	26,325	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	555	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	760	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	1,285	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	1,510	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	1,420	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	1,550	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	1,580	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	1,575	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	1,470	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	2,590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	2,185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	1,780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	1,565	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	1,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	0	...	...	4,635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	0	...	...	2,175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	1,155	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	1,295	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	105	...	...	16,385	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,168	...	...	80,578	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	50,304	...	...	69,937	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	7,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,256	...	...	78,973	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	44,416	...	...	68,569	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.1	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	6,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	72,533	...	...	107,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	65,152	...	...	90,157	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	2,675	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	43,669	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	40,832	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	115	...	...	16,465	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,354	...	...	95,238	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,185	...	...	78,686	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	7,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	51,394	...	...	92,963	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	47,383	...	...	76,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	6,110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,194	...	...	119,177	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	66,089	...	...	97,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	2,680	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	51,121	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	45,282	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	65	35	30	12,540	5,730	6,810
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,744	30,400	19,904	28,212	27,748	28,553
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,488	28,480	19,264	26,195	25,784	26,596
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	60	25	35	12,365	5,605	6,765
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,915	0	26,974	35,938	35,261	36,499
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	25,396	0	24,264	30,761	29,906	31,470
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	340	190	155	58,155	27,810	30,340
In the bottom half of the distribution	290	160	135	32,205	15,080	17,125
In the bottom decile	25	15	10	8,885	4,260	4,620
In the second decile	75	35	35	6,305	2,805	3,500
In the third decile	70	40	30	5,865	2,755	3,110
In the fourth decile	75	40	30	5,635	2,660	2,970
In the fifth decile	50	25	25	5,515	2,595	2,925
In the top half of the distribution	50	30	20	25,950	12,730	13,215
In the sixth decile	35	20	10	5,685	2,750	2,935
In the seventh decile	0	0	0	5,445	2,670	2,770
In the eighth decile	10	5	10	5,515	2,660	2,860
In the ninth decile	0	0	0	5,140	2,570	2,565
In the top decile	0	0	0	4,165	2,085	2,080
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	340	185	150	57,495	27,490	30,005
0 to 17 years	40	15	20	10,580	5,305	5,275
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	3,555	1,780	1,770
18 to 64 years	205	120	90	37,470	18,055	19,420
65 years and over	100	50	50	9,445	4,135	5,315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	65	40	30	10,790	4,915	5,880
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	2,795	1,445	1,345
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,025	520	505
18 to 64 years	30	15	10	6,815	3,100	3,715
65 years and over	35	15	20	1,185	370	815
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.1	21.6	20.0	18.8	17.9	19.6
0 to 17 years (%)	25.0	33.3	25.0	26.4	27.2	25.5
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	28.8	29.2	28.5
18 to 64 years (%)	14.6	12.5	11.1	18.2	17.2	19.1
65 years and over (%)	35.0	30.0	40.0	12.5	8.9	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10	10	5	7,365	3,565	3,795
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	1,750	910	840
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	645	335	315
18 to 64 years	10	10	0	5,360	2,570	2,795
65 years and over	5	0	5	250	90	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	5.4	3.3	12.8	13.0	12.6
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	16.5	17.2	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	18.1	18.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	8.3	0.0	14.3	14.2	14.4
65 years and over (%)	5.0	0.0	10.0	2.6	2.2	3.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	375	205	170	58,250	27,865	30,390
Official languages	375	205	170	57,645	27,590	30,050
English	25	10	15	57,430	27,465	29,965
French	375	205	170	13,885	6,080	7,810
Non-official languages	0	0	0	7,290	3,640	3,650
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	235	110	125
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	220	110	115
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	210	110	105
Malecite	0	0	0	145	70	75
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,065	3,530	3,535
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,345	675	670
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,345	675	670
Amharic	0	0	0	55	30	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,090	545	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	200	95	110
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	275	155	125
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	270	155	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	170	65	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	30	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	55	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	155	75	75
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	95	55	45
Telugu	0	0	0	65	35	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,435	1,650	1,780
Albanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	680	335	340
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	330	345
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Croatian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	35	45
Russian	0	0	0	455	245	215
Serbian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	75	25	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	655	325	330
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	160	70	95
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	485	255	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	980	510	470
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	650	350	300
Bengali	0	0	0	90	65	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	320	165	155
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	150	75	75
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	70	40	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	110	60	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	350	175	175
Kurdish	0	0	0	45	15	20
Pashto	0	0	0	35	25	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	280	135	140
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,085	475	610
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	100	30	70
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	45	40
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	935	415	520
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	30	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	405	210	190
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	270	170	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	10	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	55	35	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	20	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	60	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	85	25	60
American Sign Language	0	0	0	45	15	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,165	625	540
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,160	625	535
Cantonese	0	0	0	95	55	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,005	555	450
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	65	35	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	35	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	375	205	170	58,245	27,860	30,390
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	375	205	170	54,225	25,780	28,450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	45	35	10	9,810	5,020	4,790
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	330	175	160	44,415	20,760	23,655
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	4,020	2,080	1,940
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	370	205	170	58,250	27,865	30,385
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	370	205	170	50,965	24,220	26,750
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	6,395	3,085	3,305
Before 1981	0	0	0	1,410	620	785
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	410	215	200
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	610	300	310
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,490	735	755
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	515	220	290
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	985	520	465
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	2,465	1,215	1,255
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	890	555	335
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	6,395	3,085	3,305
Under 5 years	0	0	0	815	355	460
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,380	650	730
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,095	505	585
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	2,565	1,265	1,300
45 years and over	0	0	0	525	305	220
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	6,395	3,085	3,310
Americas	0	0	0	950	440	505
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	35	25	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	55	35	15
Guyana	0	0	0	20	0	20
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	25	20	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	620	265	355
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	145	65	80
Europe	0	0	0	1,550	700	850
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	25	25
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	70	30	40
Germany	0	0	0	195	85	115
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	120	60	60
Poland	0	0	0	40	15	25
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	50	35	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	115	50	70
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	645	290	350
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	155	65	90
Africa	0	0	0	530	300	235
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	40	25	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kenya	0	0	0	20	15	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	75	35	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	305	170	130
Asia	0	0	0	3,315	1,630	1,680
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	55	30	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	725	380	340
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	10
India	0	0	0	280	130	150
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	235	110	125
Iraq	0	0	0	50	25	30
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	375	210	170
Lebanon	0	0	0	145	80	65
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	30	40
Philippines	0	0	0	140	60	80
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	455	215	235
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	250	130	120
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	460	210	250
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,465	1,215	1,255
Americas	0	0	0	140	80	65
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	25	25
Europe	0	0	0	225	130	105
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	50	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	60	30	30
Africa	0	0	0	235	120	115
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	25	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	15	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	130	70	60
Asia	0	0	0	1,860	885	975
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	405	205	200
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	60	20	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	120	65	60
Iraq	0	0	0	40	20	25
Israel	0	0	0	55	15	35
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	135	75	60
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	15
Nepal	0	0	0	40	10	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Philippines	0	0	0	115	50	70
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	445	215	235
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	15	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	225	120	105
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	155	60	95
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	375	205	170	58,245	27,860	30,390
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	7,685	3,870	3,820
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	5,205	2,440	2,765
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	370	205	170	45,360	21,555	23,800
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	5,005	2,465	2,540
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,250	1,720	1,530
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,115	870	245
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,135	850	1,280
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	745	260	485
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,000	485	515
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	375	205	170	58,250	27,865	30,385
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	2,440	1,175	1,270
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	2,355	1,140	1,220
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,790	865	920
Métis	0	0	0	520	260	260
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	10	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	375	200	170	55,810	26,685	29,120
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	375	205	170	58,250	27,860	30,385
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	1,505	750	750
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	375	205	170	56,745	27,110	29,635
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	370	205	170	58,250	27,865	30,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	960	460	495
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	945	465	490
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	900	440	460
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	40	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	15	0	10	2,680	1,280	1,405
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	15	0	10	2,610	1,250	1,360
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	1,935	925	1,010
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	600	285	310
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	80	40	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	25	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	360	200	160	54,610	26,125	28,485
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	370	205	170	58,250	27,860	30,385
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	5,780	2,955	2,820
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	905	480	425
Chinese	0	0	0	1,225	630	595
Black	0	0	0	965	470	495
Filipino	0	0	0	170	85	90
Latin American	0	0	0	320	185	135
Arab	0	0	0	835	415	420
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	345	165	175
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	320	170	150
Korean	0	0	0	395	210	180
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	80	35	45
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	195	105	95
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	375	205	170	52,470	24,905	27,565
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	375	205	170	58,250	27,860	30,385
North American Aboriginal origins	15	0	10	3,640	1,735	1,900
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	0	10	2,920	1,390	1,525
Inuit	0	0	0	85	40	45
Métis	0	0	0	715	335	385
Other North American origins	335	190	145	24,795	11,730	13,065
Acadian	0	0	0	1,430	675	750
American	0	0	0	835	415	415
Canadian	335	190	145	23,555	11,130	12,425
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	20	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	80	35	45
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	75	30	40	39,750	18,740	21,015
British Isles origins	10	0	0	33,040	15,535	17,510
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	15
English	0	0	0	17,945	8,375	9,570
Irish	0	0	10	15,650	7,220	8,425
Manx	0	0	0	20	15	0
Scottish	0	0	0	15,570	7,250	8,320
Welsh	0	0	0	1,610	720	890
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	1,500	675	825
French origins	70	30	40	10,565	4,905	5,655
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	70	35	35	10,560	4,905	5,660
Western European origins (except French origins)	10	0	0	6,060	2,905	3,155
Austrian	0	0	0	170	105	65
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Dutch	0	0	0	2,095	990	1,110
Flemish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	4,010	1,880	2,125
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	115	60	50
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,220	495	720
Danish	0	0	0	450	175	275
Finnish	0	0	0	55	35	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	45	30	20
Norwegian	0	0	0	410	170	240
Swedish	0	0	0	255	95	155
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	75	25	45
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	1,760	825	930
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Czech	0	0	0	80	30	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	155	80	80
Latvian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	65	20	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	520	220	305
Romanian	0	0	0	70	45	20
Russian	0	0	0	450	225	230
Slovak	0	0	0	55	35	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	520	255	265
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	1,805	925	870
Albanian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	130	60	65
Italian	0	0	0	900	435	465
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	225	125	100
Serbian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Spanish	0	0	0	375	205	165
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	380	190	195
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	165	75	95
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	205	110	100
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	220	80	140
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	95	35	60
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	0	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	475	280	200
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	45	20	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	40	15	25
Maya	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mexican	0	0	0	105	55	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	50	35	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	25	20	15
African origins	0	0	0	1,065	530	535
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	200	110	90
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Guinean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ibo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	10
North African origins	0	0	0	185	100	80
Algerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Libyan	0	0	0	85	40	40
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	265	120	145
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	35	15	20
Rwandan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Other African origins	0	0	0	435	205	225
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	65	15	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	370	195	180
Asian origins	0	0	0	5,110	2,630	2,475
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,825	955	875
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	125	55	70
Armenian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	300	150	150
Iraqi	0	0	0	60	25	35
Israeli	0	0	0	50	25	20
Jordanian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	540	295	250
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Syrian	0	0	0	505	250	255
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	55	40	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	995	520	470
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	95	50	40
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
East Indian	0	0	0	625	310	315
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	135	65	65
Pakistani	0	0	0	80	50	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,335	1,190	1,145
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	1,365	690	675
Filipino	0	0	0	230	100	120
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	395	210	180
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	30	0	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	280	155	125
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	75	30	45
Australian	0	0	0	40	20	25
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
Owner	145	...	...	15,335	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	10,795	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,605	...	...
Not condominium	175	...	...	24,720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	90	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	2,965	...	...
2 bedrooms	65	...	...	8,690	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	8,120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	55	...	...	6,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	175	...	...	26,330	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	7,730	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	4,475	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	3,715	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	3,035	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	7,370	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
One person or fewer per room	170	...	...	26,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	175	...	...	26,330	...	...
Suitable	170	...	...	25,475	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
1960 or before	70	...	...	5,430	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	7,740	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	3,070	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	3,310	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	2,255	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	2,540	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	1,980	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	175	...	...	26,325	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	155	...	...	24,695	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	1,630	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	175	...	...	26,330	...	...
1 household maintainer	125	...	...	15,825	...	...
2 household maintainers	45	...	...	9,875	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	630	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	170	...	...	26,325	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	2,010	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	4,545	...	...
35 to 44 years	15	...	...	4,310	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	4,650	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	4,490	...	...
65 to 74 years	45	...	...	3,480	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	2,065	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	170	...	...	25,915	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	145	...	...	19,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	6,125	...	...
30% to less than 100%	25	...	...	5,255	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	145	...	...	15,300	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	37.9	...	...	60.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	409	...	...	1,003	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	517	...	...	1,107	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	94,791	...	...	200,596	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	104,758	...	...	227,278	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	10,795	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	11.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	41.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	860	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	881	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	345	180	165	49,235	23,295	25,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	150	85	65	5,950	2,920	3,030
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	45	15	25	13,565	6,730	6,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	150	75	70	29,720	13,650	16,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	60	35	2,680	1,750	925
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	80	50	30	1,510	790	720
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	15	0	1,170	960	205
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	35	15	20	9,225	3,645	5,585
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	865	305	565
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	16,955	7,955	9,000
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	11,090	5,030	6,065
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	895	390	500
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	330	185	145
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,660	1,710	1,950
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	980	640	335
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	205	115	95	31,285	14,890	16,400
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	50	30	1,885	1,030	860
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	0	10	0	7,205	3,720	3,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	115	55	60	22,195	10,140	12,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	40	30	1,740	1,140	595
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	35	30	960	490	470
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	780	655	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	10	20	6,785	2,780	4,005
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	10	585	230	360
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	13,090	5,990	7,095
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	8,500	3,785	4,715
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	10	0	695	300	395
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	290	145	140
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,910	1,335	1,575
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	695	425	270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	345	180	165	49,235	23,300	25,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	195	100	95	19,515	9,650	9,870
Education	0	0	0	2,865	770	2,100
13. Education	0	0	0	2,865	765	2,095
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	10	890	395	490
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	145	115	35
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	745	280	455
Humanities	0	0	0	2,300	930	1,365
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	190	55	130
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	625	205	425
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	535	165	370
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	150	80	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	240	155	85
54. History	0	0	0	430	240	185
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	115	25	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,730	1,335	2,395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	350	160	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	375	30	345
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	665	270	390
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	20	35
42. Psychology	0	0	0	865	230	630
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,385	605	775
Business, management and public administration	45	10	30	6,075	2,155	3,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	570	115	460
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	20	5,490	2,045	3,445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	1,380	720	660
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	600	300	305
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	295	115	180
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	15
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	415	285	135
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	45	15	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,720	1,150	565
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,475	1,055	420
25. Library science	0	0	0	135	30	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	100	65	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50	55	0	4,635	4,210	425
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	80	25
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,770	1,510	255
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	880	795	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	840	830	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	825	790	35
48. Precision production	0	0	0	225	210	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	545	415	135
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	10	0	175	120	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	375	300	80
Health and related fields	10	0	10	4,060	760	3,300
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	425	190	235
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	10	3,510	490	3,020
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	125	80	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	0	20	1,520	800	725
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	20	880	245	640
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	40	40	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	395	320	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	195	190	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	210	115	95	31,285	14,890	16,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	90	60	30	9,090	4,750	4,340
Education	0	0	0	1,940	500	1,435
13. Education	0	0	0	1,935	505	1,435
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	685	305	375
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	110	80	30
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	570	225	350
Humanities	10	0	0	1,605	615	990
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	170	55	115
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	410	110	300
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	385	125	265
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	125	70	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	155	90	65
54. History	0	0	0	270	140	130
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	15	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	2,870	970	1,900
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	260	125	135
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	265	20	250
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	535	190	345
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	20	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	670	165	510
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,080	445	625
Business, management and public administration	25	0	20	4,645	1,650	2,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	445	75	375
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	20	4,185	1,580	2,605
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	985	485	500
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	435	190	245
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	190	80	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	15
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	300	190	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	40	20	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,465	1,005	460
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,310	930	380
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	50	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	40	35	0	3,415	3,060	355
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	85	65	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,350	1,130	215
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	660	585	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	610	605	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	595	555	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	120	110	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	440	310	125
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	140	85	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	295	225	75
Health and related fields	10	0	10	2,995	620	2,375
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	320	145	180
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	2,575	420	2,155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	105	60	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	0	20	1,160	610	550
12. Personal and culinary services	20	0	20	680	200	485
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	30	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	290	230	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	140	145	0
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	345	180	165	49,235	23,300	25,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	100	95	19,515	9,645	9,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	150	80	75	29,720	13,650	16,070
Location of study inside Canada	150	80	75	26,660	12,085	14,575
Same as province or territory of residence	150	75	75	20,170	9,045	11,125
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	6,490	3,040	3,450
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,060	1,565	1,495
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	725	385	340
Philippines	0	0	0	90	35	55
India	0	0	0	170	80	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	370	225	145
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	360	180	175
France	0	0	0	60	40	20
Other	0	0	0	1,290	625	665
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	210	115	90	31,290	14,890	16,400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	60	30	9,090	4,750	4,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	120	60	60	22,195	10,140	12,055
Location of study inside Canada	115	55	60	19,820	8,970	10,850
Same as province or territory of residence	115	55	60	14,845	6,665	8,175
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	4,975	2,305	2,675
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,380	1,170	1,210
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	420	205	215
Philippines	0	0	0	90	35	55
India	0	0	0	105	50	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	200	115	85
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	340	165	175
France	0	0	0	60	40	25
Other	0	0	0	1,155	560	600
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	345	180	165	49,235	23,295	25,940
In the labour force	195	115	85	32,380	16,145	16,235
Employed	165	95	70	29,500	14,535	14,965
Unemployed	30	20	10	2,875	1,605	1,265
Not in the labour force	150	70	85	16,860	7,155	9,705
Participation rate	56.5	63.9	51.5	65.8	69.3	62.6
Employment rate	47.8	52.8	42.4	59.9	62.4	57.7
Unemployment rate	15.4	17.4	11.8	8.9	9.9	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	345	175	170	49,235	23,295	25,940
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	140	65	80	15,530	6,485	9,040
Worked	205	115	85	33,705	16,810	16,895
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	90	50	40	17,885	9,425	8,465
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	115	65	50	15,820	7,385	8,430
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.7	38.0	42.0	42.8	42.7	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	200	115	85	32,375	16,140	16,235
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	690	290	405
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	190	105	80	31,685	15,850	15,830
Employee	165	90	75	29,260	14,545	14,715
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	30	15	10	2,425	1,310	1,115
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	200	110	85	32,380	16,145	16,235
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	695	290	400
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	190	105	85	31,685	15,855	15,830
0 Management occupations	10	0	0	3,365	1,930	1,435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	20	0	25	4,955	1,575	3,385
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	0	3,110	2,480	630
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	2,230	465	1,765
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	10	5,470	2,265	3,205
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,050	530	520
6 Sales and service occupations	55	20	35	8,230	3,585	4,650
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	30	25	10	2,575	2,460	115
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	30	10	400	330	65
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0	300	235	60
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	195	115	85	32,380	16,145	16,235
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	10	0	695	290	405
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	195	105	85	31,685	15,855	15,835
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	55	0	240	170	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	90	85	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	515	355	165
23 Construction	0	10	0	1,330	1,175	155
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	0	770	540	225
41 Wholesale trade	10	15	0	725	555	165
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	0	3,980	1,850	2,125
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	10	10	945	735	205
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	930	565	360
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	860	350	515
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	540	340	205
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	2,540	1,555	985
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	45	30	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	1,435	820	620
61 Educational services	0	0	0	3,640	1,465	2,180
62 Health care and social assistance	20	10	15	3,695	710	2,980
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	550	305	240
72 Accommodation and food services	30	0	30	2,700	1,120	1,575
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	1,350	540	805
91 Public administration	0	0	0	4,815	2,590	2,225
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	165	90	75	29,505	14,535	14,970
Worked at home	35	20	15	1,720	775	945
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	180	135	45
No fixed workplace address	35	20	10	2,295	1,625	670
Worked at usual place	95	50	50	25,305	12,000	13,310
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	95	50	50	25,305	12,000	13,310
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20	0	10	20,625	9,355	11,275
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	50	25	20	2,025	1,040	980
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	15	15	2,345	1,400	940
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	320	210	105
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	125	70	55	27,605	13,630	13,975
Car, truck, van - as a driver	110	65	45	20,875	10,660	10,215
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	2,285	760	1,525
Public transit	10	0	10	1,145	545	600
Walked	0	0	0	2,560	1,230	1,330
Bicycle	0	0	0	405	245	160
Other method	10	0	10	335	180	150
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	125	70	55	27,605	13,625	13,975
Less than 15 minutes	45	20	30	14,100	6,510	7,595
15 to 29 minutes	15	10	10	10,590	5,415	5,185
30 to 44 minutes	35	25	10	1,815	1,015	800
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	495	275	220
60 minutes and over	20	15	10	595	410	185
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	125	70	55	27,600	13,625	13,980
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	815	500	310
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	15	0	2,810	1,675	1,140
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	30	15	15	9,890	4,965	4,930
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	0	20	7,390	3,360	4,035
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	2,965	1,300	1,670
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	20	10	3,725	1,830	1,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	205	120	90	34,585	17,230	17,355
Single responses	205	115	90	33,905	16,970	16,930
Official languages	200	115	90	33,695	16,845	16,855
English	10	0	0	32,960	16,605	16,355
French	200	110	90	735	235	500
Non-official languages	0	0	0	210	130	80
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	205	130	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	115	60	60
Chinese languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	50	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	10	0	685	255	425
English and French	10	10	0	595	220	375
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	35	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	205	120	90	34,590	17,230	17,360
None	205	115	90	29,845	15,240	14,610
English	0	0	0	600	240	360
French	0	0	0	3,780	1,535	2,240
Non-official language	0	0	0	340	205	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	325	205	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	370	205	165	57,625	27,535	30,085
Non-movers	360	205	165	46,150	21,935	24,215
Movers	0	0	0	11,470	5,600	5,875
Non-migrants	0	0	0	6,945	3,390	3,555
Migrants	10	10	0	4,530	2,210	2,320
Internal migrants	10	0	0	3,355	1,610	1,745
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	2,140	1,005	1,135
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,215	600	615
External migrants	0	0	0	1,170	600	570
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	365	195	165	55,190	26,310	28,880
Non-movers	305	175	130	29,565	14,000	15,565
Movers	55	25	35	25,625	12,310	13,310
Non-migrants	20	10	15	13,540	6,380	7,160
Migrants	40	20	20	12,085	5,935	6,155
Internal migrants	40	25	20	9,225	4,430	4,795
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	20	5,570	2,615	2,955
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,655	1,815	1,840
External migrants	0	0	0	2,865	1,500	1,360

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Esprit-Saint, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Esprit-Saint, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Esprit-Saint, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Esprit-Saint, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick