Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Valérien, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and St. Albert, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Valérien, PE Quebec [Census subdivision]			St. Albert, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Valérien, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Valérien, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Albert, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	816 ^E	...	...	65,589	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	893	...	...	61,466	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-8.6 ^E	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	422	...	...	24,446	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	334	...	...	23,954	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.6	...	...	1,353.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	145.27	...	...	48.45	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	815	425	395	65,590	32,020	33,570
0 to 14 years	135	65	75	12,215	6,250	5,965
0 to 4 years	50	25	30	3,580	1,840	1,745
5 to 9 years	45	25	25	4,305	2,195	2,105
10 to 14 years	35	15	20	4,330	2,220	2,115
15 to 64 years	555	290	270	43,315	21,235	22,075
15 to 19 years	50	25	30	4,355	2,265	2,090
20 to 24 years	50	25	20	3,995	2,115	1,880
25 to 29 years	50	30	25	3,430	1,720	1,715
30 to 34 years	40	15	25	3,950	1,910	2,045
35 to 39 years	50	25	20	4,215	1,995	2,225
40 to 44 years	40	25	20	4,565	2,190	2,370
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	4,665	2,240	2,425
50 to 54 years	60	30	30	5,030	2,425	2,600
55 to 59 years	80	35	40	4,940	2,390	2,555
60 to 64 years	90	45	35	4,170	1,995	2,175
65 years and over	120	70	50	10,065	4,530	5,530
65 to 69 years	60	35	25	3,550	1,660	1,890
70 to 74 years	40	25	15	2,460	1,185	1,270
75 to 79 years	15	10	5	1,675	785	895
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	1,155	485	670
85 years and over	5	0	0	1,225	420	805
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	745	275	465
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	370	115	255
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	95	25	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	15.3	19.0	18.6	19.5	17.8
15 to 64 years	68.1	68.2	68.4	66.0	66.3	65.8
65 years and over	14.7	16.5	12.7	15.3	14.1	16.5
85 years and over	0.6	0.0	0.0	1.9	1.3	2.4
Average age of the population	41.1	42.6	39.5	39.9	38.9	40.9
Median age of the population	43.8	45.8	41.6	40.7	39.5	41.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
Single-detached house	320	...	...	17,535	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	135	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15	...	...	6,275	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,590	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,730	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	190	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	2,770	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	330	...	...	23,950	...	...
1 person	75	...	...	4,360	...	...
2 persons	140	...	...	8,665	...	...
3 persons	45	...	...	4,125	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	4,540	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	2,260	...	...
Number of persons in private households	815	...	...	64,415	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	680	360	320	53,380	25,770	27,600
Married or living common law	455	230	230	34,005	16,940	17,065
Married	245	125	120	29,850	14,880	14,970
Living common law	215	110	105	4,155	2,060	2,090
Not married and not living common law	225	135	90	19,375	8,830	10,545
Never married	170	100	65	12,605	6,805	5,800
Separated	5	5	5	1,130	470	660
Divorced	30	25	5	3,105	1,070	2,040
Widowed	15	5	15	2,530	490	2,040
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	255	...	...	19,240	...	...
2 persons	145	...	...	9,025	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	4,050	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	4,405	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	1,755	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	255	...	...	19,240	...	...
Total couple families	225	...	...	16,690	...	...
Married couples	125	...	...	14,615	...	...
Common-law couples	105	...	...	2,075	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	25	...	...	2,555	...	...
Female parent	20	...	...	1,955	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	230	...	...	16,685	...	...
Couples without children	130	...	...	7,535	...	...
Couples with children	100	...	...	9,150	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	3,250	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	4,195	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	1,705	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	2,555	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	1,495	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	800	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	95	65	30	7,290	3,225	4,070
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
One-census-family households	255	...	...	18,485	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	125	...	...	7,215	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	120	...	...	11,270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	370	...	...
Non-census-family households	80	...	...	5,095	...	...
One-person households	75	...	...	4,360	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	735	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	815	420	395	64,730	31,755	32,975
English only	0	0	0	57,525	28,510	29,020
French only	665	330	335	45	20	25
English and French	150	90	60	7,045	3,185	3,865
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	110	45	65
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	815	425	390	64,730	31,760	32,975
English	5	0	5	62,710	30,805	31,900
French	815	420	390	1,755	830	935
English and French	0	0	0	160	80	80
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	105	40	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	0	5	1,840	870	970
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.0	1.3	2.8	2.7	2.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	815	425	395	64,730	31,755	32,975
Single responses	815	420	395	63,905	31,365	32,540
Official languages	815	420	395	58,000	28,675	29,325
English	5	0	0	56,115	27,785	28,335
French	815	420	390	1,885	890	990
Non-official languages	0	0	0	5,910	2,695	3,215
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5,880	2,680	3,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	390	200	190
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	380	195	180
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	345	175	165
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	960	365	600
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	870	330	540
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,760	1,970
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,205	550	655
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,185	545	645
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Czech	0	0	0	55	25	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	265	120	145
Russian	0	0	0	170	75	95
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	5	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	510	225	280
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,140	525	615
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	45	25
Danish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Dutch	0	0	0	330	150	185
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	0	0	0	655	290	365
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	450	225	225
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	330	170	165
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	25	20
Hindi	0	0	0	95	55	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	95	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	100	45	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	850	420	430
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	245	145	105
Portuguese	0	0	0	125	55	70
Romanian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Spanish	0	0	0	395	180	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	375	160	210
Chinese languages	0	0	0	375	165	215
Cantonese	0	0	0	230	110	125
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	110	40	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	825	390	435
English and French	0	0	0	255	120	130
English and non-official language	0	0	0	530	255	280
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	815	420	395	64,730	31,760	32,975
Single responses	815	420	395	63,520	31,200	32,315
Official languages	815	420	395	61,535	30,255	31,280
English	0	0	0	60,910	29,975	30,930
French	815	420	390	620	275	345
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,980	950	1,040
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,980	950	1,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	205	100	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	195	95	100
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	185	90	95
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	490	225	275
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	465	205	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	965	470	500
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	290	135	160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	285	130	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Russian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	135	75	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	35	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	15	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	55	25	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	235	115	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	180	90	90
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	270	135	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Spanish	0	0	0	190	95	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	140	65	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	70	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,215	560	655
English and French	0	0	0	140	65	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,040	475	565
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	815	425	395	64,730	31,755	32,970
None	800	410	385	60,110	29,670	30,440
English	15	10	5	1,370	655	710
French	0	0	5	1,140	510	630
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,050	890	1,160
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	5	15
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,030	880	1,145
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	680	360	320	52,205	25,385	26,815
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	655	355	305	50,095	24,330	25,765
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,952	36,160	24,896	52,581	69,820	40,172
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	655	350	310	50,110	24,335	25,780
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,328	31,744	23,008	45,391	58,090	35,659
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	575	315	260	48,190	23,845	24,340
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,344	28,224	20,928	49,773	67,625	36,755
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	535	285	250	28,090	10,305	17,785
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,288	8,896	7,653	4,914	7,493	4,157
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	500	285	215	40,965	20,920	20,040
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,384	27,392	20,864	51,121	68,421	38,827
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	665	365	300	52,205	25,385	26,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	645	360	280	50,095	24,295	25,795
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,132	39,101	27,735	73,498	97,848	50,562
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	645	360	280	50,110	24,295	25,810
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,232	32,944	24,453	58,839	76,602	42,117
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	555	320	235	48,155	23,770	24,380
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,971	36,204	23,872	72,057	96,381	48,344
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	290	225	28,060	10,300	17,760
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,385	9,127	9,714	7,551	8,388	7,066
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	485	290	195	40,965	20,965	20,000
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,337	32,894	24,021	67,413	86,618	47,278
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	665	365	300	52,205	25,385	26,820
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	185	110	75	19,740	11,465	8,280
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	34,627	37,905	33,661	78,804	91,667	63,789
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	40,565	44,816	34,263	92,999	109,160	70,616
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.0	79.9	73.9	94.1	96.3	90.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.1	67.7	62.5	76.0	77.9	72.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.7	20.4	27.0	5.9	3.7	9.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	685	360	325	52,205	25,385	26,820
Without total income	20	5	15	2,110	1,055	1,055
With total income	660	355	305	50,100	24,330	25,765
Percentage with total income	96.4	98.6	93.8	96.0	95.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	35	55	5,550	1,885	3,670
$10,000 to $19,999	135	60	75	5,080	1,680	3,405
$20,000 to $29,999	100	45	50	4,855	1,640	3,210
$30,000 to $39,999	115	70	45	4,165	1,615	2,550
$40,000 to $49,999	85	50	35	4,295	1,710	2,585
$50,000 to $59,999	50	35	15	4,050	1,830	2,220
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	5	3,715	1,845	1,870
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	10	3,060	1,635	1,420
$80,000 to $89,999	25	15	10	2,615	1,505	1,110
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	2,570	1,470	1,095
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	10,150	7,520	2,635
$100,000 to $149,999	5	5	0	6,390	4,440	1,950
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	3,760	3,080	685
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	680	360	320	52,205	25,385	26,820
Without after-tax income	20	10	15	2,095	1,055	1,040
With after-tax income	660	350	310	50,110	24,335	25,780
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.2	96.9	96.0	95.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	95	35	55	5,795	1,920	3,875
$10,000 to $19,999	135	60	80	5,370	1,770	3,595
$20,000 to $29,999	135	60	75	5,600	1,945	3,655
$30,000 to $39,999	130	90	40	5,270	2,090	3,180
$40,000 to $49,999	95	55	35	5,555	2,395	3,160
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	5	4,875	2,490	2,385
$60,000 to $69,999	30	15	10	3,880	2,135	1,750
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	3,455	2,035	1,425
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	10,305	7,560	2,745
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	2,800	1,760	1,035
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	2,000	1,410	590
$100,000 and over	0	5	0	5,510	4,385	1,125
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	680	360	320	52,205	25,385	26,820
Without employment income	180	75	105	11,240	4,465	6,780
With employment income	500	280	215	40,965	20,925	20,040
Percentage with employment income	73.5	77.8	67.2	78.5	82.4	74.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	95	45	40	4,395	1,955	2,440
$5,000 to $9,999	35	20	20	2,560	1,040	1,520
$10,000 to $19,999	90	45	45	4,050	1,520	2,525
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	40	3,190	1,235	1,955
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	30	2,895	1,125	1,770
$40,000 to $49,999	50	40	15	3,045	1,195	1,850
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	10	2,965	1,270	1,695
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	5	2,760	1,310	1,445
$70,000 to $79,999	20	15	5	2,315	1,265	1,050
$80,000 and over	20	15	5	12,790	9,005	3,785
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	2,120	1,260	865
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	2,325	1,350	975
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	8,340	6,395	1,945
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,819	...	...	119,905	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,395	...	...	100,103	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	75	...	...	4,360	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,184	...	...	56,290	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,064	...	...	47,374	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	260	...	...	19,595	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,864	...	...	136,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,520	...	...	113,129	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	330	...	...	23,955	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,607	...	...	153,694	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,188	...	...	123,076	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	4,355	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,283	...	...	71,311	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,571	...	...	57,764	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	265	...	...	19,600	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,846	...	...	172,013	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,254	...	...	137,599	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	330	...	...	23,955	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	160	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	95	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	215	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	385	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	370	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	485	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	1,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	1,245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	1,220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	1,225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	1,280	...	...
$100,000 and over	60	...	...	14,455	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	3,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	2,665	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	4,060	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	4,710	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	330	...	...	23,955	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	180	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	465	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	440	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	460	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	640	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	40	...	...	1,570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	1,490	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	1,655	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	1,640	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	1,585	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	11,990	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	3,525	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	2,830	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	5,635	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	255	...	...	19,110	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,864	...	...	135,667	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,520	...	...	112,288	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	7,135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,712	...	...	115,078	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,416	...	...	96,166	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	9,235	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,472	...	...	167,484	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,136	...	...	137,354	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	2,370	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,136	...	...	81,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,320	...	...	71,369	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	265	...	...	19,095	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,329	...	...	171,798	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,660	...	...	137,247	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	7,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,018	...	...	159,810	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,788	...	...	127,113	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	9,265	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,233	...	...	201,859	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,533	...	...	160,481	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	2,370	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,819	...	...	94,261	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,812	...	...	79,359	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	85	60	30	6,265	2,750	3,515
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,416	38,336	22,400	51,546	60,690	45,294
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,648	32,896	21,248	43,883	50,532	39,564
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	80	55	25	6,280	2,665	3,615
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,246	43,518	0	63,915	74,042	56,452
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,418	35,074	0	52,175	58,770	47,315
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	815	420	395	64,420	31,635	32,785
In the bottom half of the distribution	540	275	265	14,725	6,635	8,090
In the bottom decile	50	25	30	2,105	935	1,165
In the second decile	120	60	55	2,150	880	1,265
In the third decile	125	65	60	2,860	1,280	1,580
In the fourth decile	115	60	55	3,425	1,560	1,860
In the fifth decile	130	65	65	4,185	1,975	2,215
In the top half of the distribution	275	145	130	49,690	24,995	24,695
In the sixth decile	110	50	55	5,330	2,565	2,760
In the seventh decile	80	45	35	6,635	3,265	3,365
In the eighth decile	70	30	35	8,845	4,445	4,395
In the ninth decile	20	10	10	11,740	5,890	5,850
In the top decile	5	0	5	17,150	8,830	8,320
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	815	420	390	64,415	31,635	32,780
0 to 17 years	170	80	90	14,825	7,600	7,225
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	4,340	2,210	2,130
18 to 64 years	525	270	255	40,620	19,855	20,765
65 years and over	120	70	50	8,970	4,180	4,790
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	130	65	65	2,785	1,180	1,605
0 to 17 years	30	20	15	920	470	455
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	280	150	130
18 to 64 years	55	25	30	1,545	630	915
65 years and over	45	20	20	320	80	240
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	15.5	16.7	4.3	3.7	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.6	25.0	16.7	6.2	6.2	6.3
0 to 5 years (%)	16.7	20.0	14.3	6.5	6.8	6.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	9.3	11.8	3.8	3.2	4.4
65 years and over (%)	37.5	28.6	40.0	3.6	1.9	5.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	15	20	2,415	1,055	1,355
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	735	375	365
0 to 5 years	5	0	0	230	120	110
18 to 64 years	25	10	10	1,500	630	870
65 years and over	0	5	0	170	55	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	3.6	5.1	3.7	3.3	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	6.3	5.6	5.0	4.9	5.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	0.0	0.0	5.3	5.4	5.2
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	3.7	3.9	3.7	3.2	4.2
65 years and over (%)	0.0	7.1	0.0	1.9	1.3	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	815	435	380	64,415	31,635	32,780
Official languages	815	435	380	64,355	31,610	32,745
English	130	80	50	64,280	31,575	32,700
French	815	435	380	7,085	3,215	3,875
Non-official languages	10	10	0	8,055	3,705	4,350
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	40	20	15
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	8,000	3,685	4,315
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	685	355	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	670	350	320
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	640	335	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,285	490	795
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	10	40
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	20	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,245	475	770
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	5,040	2,360	2,685
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,365	630	735
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,340	620	725
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Croatian	0	0	0	115	75	35
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	345	160	185
Russian	0	0	0	290	140	150
Serbian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	545	225	315
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,470	725	745
Afrikaans	0	0	0	95	65	35
Danish	0	0	0	45	20	30
Dutch	0	0	0	395	205	195
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	915	445	470
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Swedish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	630	305	320
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	495	260	235
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	65	25	45
Hindi	0	0	0	255	130	120
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	175	90	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	10
Urdu	0	0	0	65	30	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	150	60	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	130	50	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	1,655	730	925
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	405	220	185
Portuguese	0	0	0	225	100	125
Romanian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Spanish	10	0	0	1,005	415	585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	125	50	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	65	30	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	25	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	80	40	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	20	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	465	240	220
Chinese languages	0	0	0	465	245	220
Cantonese	0	0	0	220	120	100
Hakka	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	235	110	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	40	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	815	435	380	64,415	31,635	32,785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	815	435	385	61,535	30,235	31,300
Canadian citizens aged under 18	190	95	95	14,350	7,340	7,005
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	625	345	285	47,185	22,895	24,290
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	2,885	1,400	1,485
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	815	435	380	64,415	31,635	32,785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	810	435	375	56,345	27,770	28,570
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	10	7,535	3,610	3,925
Before 1981	0	0	0	3,005	1,505	1,505
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	780	370	410
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	730	310	425
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	1,355	605	750
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	585	275	310
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	770	330	440
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,655	820	830
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	540	255	290
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	7,530	3,610	3,920
Under 5 years	0	0	0	850	480	375
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,635	865	775
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,595	690	905
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,115	1,415	1,695
45 years and over	0	0	0	340	165	180
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	10	7,535	3,610	3,925
Americas	0	0	10	945	405	540
Brazil	0	0	0	55	30	25
Colombia	0	0	0	25	0	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	35	25	15
Guyana	0	0	0	35	10	30
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	75	25	50
Mexico	0	0	0	85	40	45
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	45	25	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	425	180	240
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	150	75	75
Europe	0	0	0	3,580	1,780	1,805
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	70	45	25
France	0	0	0	60	10	50
Germany	0	0	0	420	195	225
Greece	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hungary	0	0	0	60	35	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	210	90	115
Italy	0	0	0	160	90	70
Netherlands	0	0	0	305	165	140
Poland	0	0	0	180	85	100
Portugal	0	0	0	60	25	30
Romania	0	0	0	40	15	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	95	35	60
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	115	45	70
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,455	795	655
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	305	115	185
Africa	0	0	0	520	265	250
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	80	45	40
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	20	0	20
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	80	55	20
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	145	70	75
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	165	80	85
Asia	0	0	0	2,335	1,070	1,265
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	155	70	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	80	50	35
India	0	0	0	245	140	110
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	90	35	55
Iraq	0	0	0	110	60	50
Japan	0	0	0	25	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	125	75	45
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	15	35
Philippines	0	0	0	1,040	405	630
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	20	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	245	125	120
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	155	90	60
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,655	825	835
Americas	0	0	0	205	80	120
Brazil	0	0	0	35	20	15
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	35	10	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	85	35	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	15	15
Europe	0	0	0	355	200	160
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	65	30	30
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	30	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	150	85	70
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	55	30	25
Africa	0	0	0	135	85	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	30	25	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	35	25	15
Asia	0	0	0	910	415	495
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	80	50	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	705	310	395
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	45	35	10
Australia	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	815	435	380	64,420	31,635	32,785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	8,445	4,060	4,385
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10	0	0	11,510	5,695	5,815
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	805	430	370	44,465	21,880	22,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	0	4,690	2,195	2,490
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,095	1,535	1,560
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,180	640	540
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,915	900	1,020
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,140	430	710
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	435	230	210
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	815	435	385	64,415	31,635	32,785
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	0	2,830	1,270	1,555
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	2,755	1,245	1,505
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	790	315	475
Métis	0	0	0	1,925	920	1,015
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	810	435	375	61,590	30,365	31,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	815	435	380	64,420	31,635	32,785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	655	260	395
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	815	435	380	63,760	31,370	32,390
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	815	435	380	64,415	31,635	32,780
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	290	100	190
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	0	280	95	185
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	10	195	50	140
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	85	45	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	15	10	10	3,540	1,640	1,900
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	15	10	10	3,410	1,595	1,815
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	1,540	710	830
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,820	865	955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	130	45	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	120	40	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	795	430	370	60,590	29,895	30,695
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	815	435	380	64,415	31,635	32,785
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	5,740	2,730	3,010
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	915	455	460
Chinese	0	0	0	700	345	355
Black	0	0	0	800	440	360
Filipino	0	0	0	1,440	595	845
Latin American	0	0	0	370	180	190
Arab	0	0	0	670	340	330
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	190	85	100
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	100	55	45
Korean	0	0	0	80	40	40
Japanese	0	0	0	120	50	70
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	310	120	190
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	815	435	380	58,680	28,905	29,770
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	815	435	380	64,415	31,635	32,785
North American Aboriginal origins	20	0	10	3,825	1,740	2,085
First Nations (North American Indian)	20	10	15	1,870	810	1,060
Inuit	0	0	0	60	30	35
Métis	0	0	0	2,035	955	1,080
Other North American origins	695	370	325	17,245	8,600	8,645
Acadian	0	0	0	95	55	40
American	0	0	10	1,350	645	705
Canadian	680	365	315	16,255	8,120	8,135
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	50	30	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	10	50	40	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	200	115	85	52,695	25,810	26,890
British Isles origins	30	15	15	33,000	16,085	16,920
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	10	0
English	10	0	10	18,190	8,870	9,325
Irish	25	15	10	13,035	6,175	6,860
Manx	0	0	0	25	0	20
Scottish	0	0	0	15,125	7,500	7,620
Welsh	0	0	0	1,870	935	935
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,005	990	1,015
French origins	180	105	75	10,515	5,135	5,380
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	175	105	75	10,490	5,125	5,365
Western European origins (except French origins)	25	10	10	17,305	8,360	8,945
Austrian	0	0	0	805	440	370
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	635	300	330
Dutch	0	0	0	3,785	1,915	1,865
Flemish	0	0	0	60	15	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	13,145	6,265	6,880
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0	395	165	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	6,455	3,015	3,440
Danish	0	0	0	1,120	545	575
Finnish	0	0	0	330	140	200
Icelandic	0	0	0	380	205	175
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,795	1,270	1,530
Swedish	0	0	0	2,095	955	1,145
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	355	165	195
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	16,290	7,870	8,410
Bulgarian	0	0	0	90	45	50
Byelorussian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Czech	0	0	0	375	205	170
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	215	120	95
Estonian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hungarian	0	0	10	910	475	435
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	205	105	100
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	4,335	2,140	2,195
Romanian	0	0	0	640	340	300
Russian	0	0	0	1,520	720	795
Slovak	0	0	0	235	90	140
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10,855	5,185	5,665
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern European origins	10	0	0	4,265	2,240	2,025
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	260	155	110
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	15	10
Greek	0	0	0	285	160	125
Italian	0	0	10	2,530	1,380	1,150
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0	55	30	20
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	500	265	235
Serbian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Spanish	0	0	0	555	220	335
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	165	75	90
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	10	10	0	210	120	95
Basque	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	105	55	45
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	95	55	45
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	475	230	245
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	55	35	25
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	275	115	150
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	15	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	605	260	345
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	10	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chilean	0	0	0	70	45	30
Colombian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	10	15
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	240	100	135
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	40	20	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	50	20	30
African origins	0	0	0	975	545	425
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	200	135	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	100	65	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	25	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	15	0
North African origins	0	0	0	145	80	65
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	285	145	135
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	0	10
South African	0	0	0	160	85	80
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	365	195	165
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	340	180	155
Asian origins	0	0	0	4,940	2,290	2,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,130	555	580
Afghan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	130	80	55
Armenian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	170	70	95
Iraqi	0	0	0	115	55	55
Israeli	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	460	255	205
Palestinian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Pashtun	0	0	0	20	10	20
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	100	30	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	65	35	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	15	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	980	510	470
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	830	430	405
Goan	0	0	0	35	25	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	45	10	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	15	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	55	35	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,890	1,270	1,620
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese	0	0	0	1,140	505	630
Filipino	0	0	0	1,565	655	905
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	120	55	60
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	55	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	335	190	150
Australian	0	0	0	210	120	80
New Zealander	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	95	55	45
Fijian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maori	0	0	0	20	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	335	...	...	23,950	...	...
Owner	320	...	...	20,230	...	...
Renter	20	...	...	3,725	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	335	...	...	23,950	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	4,465	...	...
Not condominium	335	...	...	19,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	35	...	...	845	...	...
2 bedrooms	75	...	...	3,525	...	...
3 bedrooms	120	...	...	8,340	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	100	...	...	11,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	2,815	...	...
5 rooms	60	...	...	2,425	...	...
6 rooms	70	...	...	3,010	...	...
7 rooms	75	...	...	3,500	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	12,200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	330	...	...	23,950	...	...
One person or fewer per room	335	...	...	23,835	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	335	...	...	23,950	...	...
Suitable	325	...	...	23,505	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
1960 or before	95	...	...	740	...	...
1961 to 1980	90	...	...	8,410	...	...
1981 to 1990	60	...	...	3,780	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	4,945	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	2,320	...	...
2006 to 2010	40	...	...	1,880	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	1,885	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	285	...	...	22,995	...	...
Major repairs needed	50	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
1 household maintainer	195	...	...	11,980	...	...
2 household maintainers	140	...	...	11,350	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	620	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	335	...	...	23,955	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	380	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	2,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	55	...	...	4,420	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	5,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	120	...	...	5,050	...	...
65 to 74 years	55	...	...	3,585	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	1,705	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	330	...	...	23,915	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	295	...	...	20,125	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	30	...	...	3,790	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	3,315	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	315	...	...	20,230	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.1	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.3	...	...	11.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	661	...	...	1,579	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	777	...	...	1,635	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,755	...	...	421,396	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	148,662	...	...	447,829	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15	...	...	3,725	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	6.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	39.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,503	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,555	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	665	365	300	52,205	25,385	26,815
No certificate, diploma or degree	180	105	75	6,230	3,210	3,015
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	145	65	75	14,450	6,835	7,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	340	195	150	31,525	15,340	16,190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	135	70	4,970	4,015	960
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	140	80	65	1,315	755	565
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	60	55	0	3,655	3,260	395
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	70	25	55	11,990	4,935	7,055
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	1,740	675	1,065
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	55	30	25	12,825	5,715	7,110
Bachelor's degree	30	10	15	9,490	3,965	5,525
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	775	370	410
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	290	190	100
Master's degree	20	10	15	2,020	1,030	990
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	255	165	85
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	455	240	210	34,890	16,780	18,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	55	45	1,990	1,065	915
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	85	40	45	8,275	3,865	4,415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	270	150	125	24,625	11,850	12,775
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	95	60	3,675	3,035	635
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	100	50	50	875	510	365
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	50	40	0	2,795	2,525	270
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	60	20	40	9,340	3,890	5,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	15	0	1,225	490	740
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	45	20	20	10,390	4,435	5,955
Bachelor's degree	20	15	15	7,850	3,200	4,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	530	255	270
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	205	115	90
Master's degree	20	10	10	1,635	760	870
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	175	105	75
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	665	365	300	52,205	25,385	26,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	320	170	150	20,675	10,050	10,630
Education	0	0	0	3,250	850	2,400
13. Education	10	0	10	3,250	850	2,405
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	910	400	510
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	185	130	55
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	725	270	460
Humanities	15	0	10	1,035	430	595
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	85	15	70
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	250	65	185
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	310	110	200
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	60	45	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	165	80	85
54. History	0	0	0	135	100	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	20	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	2,975	1,050	1,930
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	320	140	180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	490	30	460
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	570	205	360
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	10	20
42. Psychology	10	10	10	615	190	425
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	925	470	455
Business, management and public administration	60	30	25	6,630	2,745	3,885
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	320	65	255
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	25	20	6,310	2,680	3,625
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,015	535	480
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	380	150	235
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	275	145	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	235	175	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	120	70	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	0	955	600	355
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	725	520	205
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	10	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	115	70	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	80	75	0	7,195	6,620	580
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	270	195	75
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,250	1,040	215
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,505	1,350	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	25	0	1,930	1,875	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	1,485	1,435	50
48. Precision production	15	15	0	750	720	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	35	10	525	330	195
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	25	15	265	150	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	260	185	70
Health and related fields	50	0	45	5,395	925	4,470
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	420	190	230
51. Health professions and related programs	45	10	35	4,910	700	4,215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	40	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	30	35	1,635	845	790
12. Personal and culinary services	40	0	35	845	215	630
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	480	340	140
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	295	270	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	455	240	210	34,890	16,780	18,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	185	95	90	10,260	4,930	5,335
Education	0	0	0	2,450	640	1,810
13. Education	0	0	0	2,450	640	1,810
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	705	300	405
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	125	90	35
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	575	205	370
Humanities	10	0	0	790	350	440
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	65	15	55
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	175	50	125
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	270	110	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	35	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	105	50	55
54. History	0	0	0	115	80	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	2,455	840	1,625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	255	105	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	390	15	380
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	485	160	320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	495	160	330
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	775	380	390
Business, management and public administration	55	30	20	5,295	2,170	3,125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	255	50	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	30	15	5,040	2,125	2,915
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	765	390	375
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	305	110	195
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	210	120	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	170	110	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	45	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	765	465	300
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	620	435	180
25. Library science	0	0	0	75	0	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	25	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	65	60	0	5,590	5,090	505
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	230	165	65
14. Engineering	0	0	0	995	795	195
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,145	1,025	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	1,530	1,485	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	1,160	1,110	50
48. Precision production	10	10	0	535	515	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	25	0	360	215	140
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	20	0	165	80	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	195	135	65
Health and related fields	45	10	35	4,170	700	3,465
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	10	360	160	200
51. Health professions and related programs	40	0	35	3,760	525	3,240
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	20	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	10	30	1,280	690	590
12. Personal and culinary services	35	0	30	630	170	460
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	420	295	125
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	210	205	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	665	365	300	52,205	25,385	26,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	170	155	20,675	10,050	10,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	345	200	150	31,525	15,335	16,190
Location of study inside Canada	340	195	145	27,925	13,630	14,295
Same as province or territory of residence	340	195	145	21,590	10,485	11,110
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	6,335	3,150	3,185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	10	3,600	1,705	1,890
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	745	420	325
Philippines	0	0	0	760	255	510
India	0	0	0	140	75	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	640	345	295
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	55	15	45
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	0	0	0	1,230	580	645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	460	245	215	34,890	16,780	18,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	185	95	90	10,260	4,930	5,335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	275	150	120	24,625	11,850	12,775
Location of study inside Canada	270	150	120	21,870	10,610	11,265
Same as province or territory of residence	265	145	120	17,065	8,270	8,795
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	4,805	2,335	2,470
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	10	2,755	1,245	1,515
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	590	320	270
Philippines	0	0	0	700	225	475
India	0	0	0	95	45	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	355	175	185
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	15	35
France	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other	0	0	0	935	440	495
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	665	365	300	52,205	25,385	26,820
In the labour force	405	240	165	37,685	19,630	18,050
Employed	360	205	155	35,195	18,140	17,050
Unemployed	45	35	10	2,485	1,485	995
Not in the labour force	255	125	130	14,525	5,755	8,765
Participation rate	60.9	65.8	55.0	72.2	77.3	67.3
Employment rate	54.1	56.2	51.7	67.4	71.5	63.6
Unemployment rate	11.1	14.6	6.1	6.6	7.6	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	665	360	300	52,205	25,385	26,820
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	230	110	125	12,830	4,975	7,860
Worked	430	255	175	39,375	20,415	18,960
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	185	105	75	20,195	11,760	8,435
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	250	145	100	19,180	8,655	10,525
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	40.5	42.0	43.1	43.9	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	410	240	165	37,680	19,630	18,055
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	470	220	255
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	405	235	165	37,210	19,405	17,800
Employee	370	225	150	33,205	16,910	16,300
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	35	15	20	4,000	2,500	1,505
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	410	235	170	37,685	19,625	18,055
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	475	220	250
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	405	240	165	37,210	19,410	17,805
0 Management occupations	50	35	15	5,210	3,395	1,815
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	15	35	6,455	1,815	4,640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	15	0	2,545	1,990	555
3 Health occupations	45	0	40	2,780	425	2,350
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	15	4,945	1,840	3,100
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	1,120	440	685
6 Sales and service occupations	95	35	65	7,285	3,245	4,040
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	90	90	0	5,705	5,290	420
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	35	0	525	415	105
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	640	550	95
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	405	240	165	37,680	19,630	18,055
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	475	220	250
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	410	235	165	37,210	19,410	17,805
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	30	10	155	80	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	775	650	125
22 Utilities	0	0	0	330	235	95
23 Construction	20	25	0	4,085	3,460	620
31-33 Manufacturing	35	30	0	1,715	1,335	380
41 Wholesale trade	20	20	10	1,700	1,250	445
44-45 Retail trade	55	25	30	4,120	2,095	2,020
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	1,555	1,130	425
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	575	290	285
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,485	610	875
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	0	810	445	365
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	0	2,825	1,615	1,215
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	75	35	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	0	20	1,250	690	565
61 Educational services	15	0	10	3,445	960	2,490
62 Health care and social assistance	70	25	55	4,265	580	3,680
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	760	365	390
72 Accommodation and food services	25	10	15	1,945	745	1,210
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	15	10	1,560	720	840
91 Public administration	20	10	0	3,780	2,115	1,670
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	360	210	160	35,195	18,145	17,055
Worked at home	25	15	10	2,345	1,015	1,325
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	55	40	20
No fixed workplace address	20	15	10	4,270	3,330	945
Worked at usual place	320	175	145	28,520	13,755	14,765
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	320	175	140	28,520	13,750	14,770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	15	10	9,220	3,295	5,925
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	270	145	130	18,585	9,925	8,655
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	20	0	575	440	135
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	140	90	45
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	340	190	150	32,795	17,085	15,715
Car, truck, van - as a driver	310	170	140	28,245	14,965	13,285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	10	10	1,495	675	825
Public transit	0	0	0	1,495	670	825
Walked	10	10	0	940	400	545
Bicycle	0	0	0	200	130	70
Other method	0	0	10	420	250	170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	340	190	150	32,790	17,085	15,710
Less than 15 minutes	50	30	20	8,870	3,525	5,345
15 to 29 minutes	220	115	105	11,240	6,130	5,110
30 to 44 minutes	60	30	25	8,255	4,560	3,685
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	3,035	1,900	1,135
60 minutes and over	10	15	0	1,400	965	430
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	340	190	150	32,795	17,085	15,715
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	30	20	0	2,225	1,750	475
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	65	55	10	7,135	4,405	2,730
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	115	65	50	10,435	5,385	5,050
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	20	40	5,560	2,160	3,395
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	30	0	25	2,945	1,225	1,715
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	35	15	4,495	2,150	2,340
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	440	265	180	40,255	20,790	19,470
Single responses	435	260	175	40,010	20,685	19,320
Official languages	435	265	175	39,985	20,680	19,305
English	0	0	0	39,790	20,650	19,140
French	435	260	170	195	30	165
Non-official languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	245	100	150
English and French	0	0	0	140	65	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	95	35	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	445	265	175	40,255	20,785	19,470
None	385	230	155	39,110	20,265	18,855
English	55	30	20	160	25	130
French	0	0	0	685	340	345
Non-official language	0	0	0	285	150	130
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	270	145	125
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	800	435	365	63,680	31,235	32,445
Non-movers	755	410	345	56,250	27,665	28,585
Movers	40	20	20	7,435	3,570	3,860
Non-migrants	30	15	20	3,595	1,720	1,875
Migrants	10	10	0	3,835	1,845	1,990
Internal migrants	10	10	0	3,425	1,615	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	2,645	1,220	1,425
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	780	395	385
External migrants	0	0	0	410	235	170
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	755	405	355	60,835	29,710	31,125
Non-movers	590	320	270	37,310	18,230	19,085
Movers	165	85	80	23,525	11,480	12,040
Non-migrants	80	45	40	11,030	5,340	5,690
Migrants	85	40	45	12,495	6,145	6,350
Internal migrants	85	35	45	10,780	5,260	5,525
Intraprovincial migrants	80	40	45	7,590	3,625	3,965
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,190	1,635	1,555
External migrants	0	0	0	1,710	885	825

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Valérien, PE [Census subdivision], Quebec and St. Albert, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Valérien, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and St. Albert, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Valérien, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and St. Albert, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Valérien, Paroisse (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and St. Albert, City [Census subdivision], Alberta