Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Biggar [Population centre], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches Quebec [Health region, December 2017]			Biggar Saskatchewan [Population centre]
	Data quality , Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Map : Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Biggar [Population centre], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	420,082	...	...	2,165	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	410,878	...	...	2,100^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	196,842	...	...	1,054	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	27.9	...	...	1,305.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15,083.25	...	...	1.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	420,080	209,945	210,135	2,165	1,050	1,115
0 to 14 years	70,260	36,065	34,195	370	185	185
0 to 4 years	23,340	12,035	11,310	130	65	65
5 to 9 years	24,950	12,860	12,090	120	55	60
10 to 14 years	21,965	11,175	10,795	120	65	60
15 to 64 years	265,350	134,810	130,545	1,265	650	615
15 to 19 years	21,425	10,990	10,435	120	65	55
20 to 24 years	22,500	11,455	11,040	90	45	45
25 to 29 years	21,445	10,930	10,515	120	60	60
30 to 34 years	24,135	12,430	11,710	115	65	50
35 to 39 years	27,425	13,965	13,460	125	55	65
40 to 44 years	24,515	12,560	11,960	125	65	60
45 to 49 years	25,090	12,895	12,200	115	55	55
50 to 54 years	32,060	16,165	15,895	140	70	75
55 to 59 years	34,330	17,100	17,235	155	80	80
60 to 64 years	32,420	16,325	16,095	150	85	70
65 years and over	84,475	39,080	45,400	530	220	310
65 to 69 years	28,920	14,515	14,400	125	60	65
70 to 74 years	21,320	10,420	10,905	110	50	55
75 to 79 years	13,805	6,520	7,285	95	40	55
80 to 84 years	10,140	4,260	5,880	95	40	55
85 years and over	10,295	3,365	6,925	110	30	80
85 to 89 years	6,510	2,330	4,175	70	25	45
90 to 94 years	2,940	860	2,075	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	755	160	595	5	5	5
100 years and over	90	15	80	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.2	16.3	17.1	17.6	16.6
15 to 64 years	63.2	64.2	62.1	58.4	61.9	55.2
65 years and over	20.1	18.6	21.6	24.5	21.0	27.8
85 years and over	2.5	1.6	3.3	5.1	2.9	7.2
Average age of the population	42.9	42.1	43.8	44.7	43.0	46.2
Median age of the population	44.7	43.6	45.7	45.5	43.4	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
Single-detached house	120,855	...	...	810	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,400	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	56,815	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	11,115	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,490	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	8,915	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	33,340	...	...	115	...	...
Other single-attached house	950	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,780	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
1 person	56,350	...	...	345	...	...
2 persons	68,275	...	...	345	...	...
3 persons	23,440	...	...	105	...	...
4 persons	22,325	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	10,460	...	...	75	...	...
Number of persons in private households	408,615	...	...	2,090	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	349,825	173,885	175,940	1,795	870	925
Married or living common law	214,330	107,225	107,110	1,075	540	535
Married	119,990	60,025	59,965	920	465	455
Living common law	94,340	47,195	47,145	155	80	80
Not married and not living common law	135,495	66,660	68,835	715	330	395
Never married	89,390	50,515	38,875	365	220	145
Separated	3,960	1,950	2,010	50	25	20
Divorced	20,715	9,450	11,265	100	45	55
Widowed	21,425	4,740	16,680	210	35	175
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	121,210	...	...	595	...	...
2 persons	67,065	...	...	350	...	...
3 persons	22,715	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	21,850	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	9,580	...	...	60	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	121,205	...	...	595	...	...
Total couple families	105,185	...	...	520	...	...
Married couples	58,050	...	...	440	...	...
Common-law couples	47,135	...	...	80	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	16,020	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	11,240	...	...	60	...	...
Male parent	4,785	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	105,185	...	...	520	...	...
Couples without children	57,430	...	...	300	...	...
Couples with children	47,760	...	...	215	...	...
1 child	17,750	...	...	80	...	...
2 children	20,705	...	...	75	...	...
3 or more children	9,310	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	16,020	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	9,630	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	4,965	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	1,420	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	68,225	35,195	33,030	430	200	235
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
One-census-family households	119,885	...	...	575	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	56,850	...	...	295	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	63,035	...	...	280	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	655	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	60,305	...	...	370	...	...
One-person households	56,345	...	...	350	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,960	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	415,080	208,095	206,980	2,105	1,025	1,080
English only	355	165	195	2,065	1,010	1,060
French only	307,490	148,270	159,220	0	0	0
English and French	106,955	59,485	47,475	35	15	20
Neither English nor French	275	180	100	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	415,075	208,095	206,985	2,105	1,025	1,080
English	3,565	1,770	1,800	2,085	1,015	1,070
French	410,430	205,740	204,690	15	5	10
English and French	830	425	410	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	245	160	85	5	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,980	1,980	2,000	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.7	1.0	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	415,080	208,095	206,980	2,105	1,025	1,080
Single responses	413,235	207,175	206,065	2,065	1,000	1,060
Official languages	409,590	205,245	204,350	1,810	870	940
English	3,400	1,695	1,705	1,785	860	930
French	406,195	203,550	202,640	20	10	10
Non-official languages	3,640	1,925	1,715	255	135	125
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,625	1,920	1,705	255	135	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	355	255	0	0	5
Berber languages	70	40	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	540	315	225	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	535	310	225	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	40	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	130	65	60	125	65	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	25	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	5	0	0
Malagasy	70	40	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	15	90	50	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	65	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	95	55	35	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,015	1,050	960	110	55	60
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	200	100	105	35	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	95	100	40	15	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	5
Czech	15	10	5	5	5	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	5	0	5
Russian	50	15	35	10	5	5
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	15	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	190	90	105	35	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	15	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	60	75	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	30	40	25	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	25	20	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,525	810	710	10	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	75	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	55	70	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	1,200	645	550	5	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	125	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	40	25	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	100	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	210	100	115	0	0	5
Cantonese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	170	75	95	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,845	925	920	45	25	20
English and French	1,265	625	645	5	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	10	40	25	15
French and non-official language	490	260	235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	415,075	208,095	206,985	2,105	1,025	1,080
Single responses	412,725	206,865	205,855	2,030	980	1,045
Official languages	411,115	205,995	205,120	1,895	910	990
English	2,085	1,045	1,050	1,895	910	990
French	409,025	204,950	204,075	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,610	870	740	135	75	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,610	870	740	130	75	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	165	85	80	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	10	80	45	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	65	35	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	980	545	435	40	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	40	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	35	35	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	10	20	5	0	5
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	25	35	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	470	350	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	710	420	290	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	30	30	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	5	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	30	15	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	155	80	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	70	65	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,350	1,230	1,125	80	45	35
English and French	1,230	655	575	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	15	15	75	40	35
French and non-official language	940	495	445	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	145	65	80	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	415,080	208,095	206,985	2,105	1,025	1,080
None	398,395	199,230	199,160	1,995	965	1,030
English	12,630	6,865	5,765	55	25	25
French	1,955	985	975	5	0	0
Non-official language	1,640	795	840	55	30	25
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,630	795	835	55	25	25
English and French	50	30	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	365	170	195	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	338,455	169,995	168,460	1,720	835	885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	331,870	167,125	164,745	1,645	805	840
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,579	40,042	28,982	35,669	47,949	27,728
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	331,930	167,130	164,795	1,645	805	840
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,657	34,533	26,356	32,192	41,941	25,568
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	303,575	156,515	147,065	1,500	745	760
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,603	36,766	24,524	32,213	46,432	22,976
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	255,290	121,545	133,745	1,170	500	675
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,868	6,797	8,535	8,800	8,544	8,992
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	246,305	131,465	114,840	1,155	630	530
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,363	37,461	27,084	32,235	40,277	26,560
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	338,470	170,025	168,450	1,745	850	895
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	331,895	167,110	164,785	1,670	820	850
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,838	47,133	34,454	41,621	50,786	32,723
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	331,955	167,115	164,845	1,670	820	845
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,154	38,626	29,621	35,279	42,186	28,571
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	303,695	156,535	147,160	1,530	765	765
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,149	43,862	30,008	38,278	48,733	27,795
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	255,870	121,760	134,105	1,160	495	665
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,879	8,298	9,406	9,489	9,069	9,802
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	246,305	131,530	114,780	1,145	625	520
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,119	41,654	31,922	39,330	46,992	30,107
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	338,470	170,020	168,445	1,745	850	895
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	114,960	64,520	50,435	485	285	200
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,988	47,210	39,800	55,359	66,919	36,866
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,666	53,821	44,351	56,209	67,985	39,447
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.2	87.1	77.9	84.6	89.7	78.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.7	70.2	64.3	65.1	70.5	57.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.8	12.9	22.1	15.2	10.7	21.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	338,460	169,995	168,465	1,715	835	885
Without total income	6,585	2,865	3,715	75	30	45
With total income	331,870	167,130	164,750	1,640	805	835
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.3	97.8	95.6	96.4	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	32,055	12,550	19,510	165	70	90
$10,000 to $19,999	59,620	22,680	36,940	270	95	175
$20,000 to $29,999	52,170	23,615	28,560	275	100	175
$30,000 to $39,999	48,925	24,600	24,325	190	70	115
$40,000 to $49,999	46,360	25,605	20,755	165	85	85
$50,000 to $59,999	32,415	19,375	13,040	155	85	65
$60,000 to $69,999	20,355	12,465	7,890	105	65	35
$70,000 to $79,999	14,430	8,725	5,700	90	65	30
$80,000 to $89,999	8,435	5,250	3,190	60	40	20
$90,000 to $99,999	5,025	3,360	1,660	55	35	20
$100,000 and over	12,090	8,905	3,180	110	90	20
$100,000 to $149,999	8,495	6,145	2,355	95	75	20
$150,000 and over	3,590	2,760	830	20	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	338,455	169,995	168,465	1,715	835	885
Without after-tax income	6,530	2,865	3,665	75	30	45
With after-tax income	331,925	167,135	164,795	1,645	805	840
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.3	97.8	95.9	96.4	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	33,665	12,880	20,785	175	75	100
$10,000 to $19,999	62,715	24,160	38,555	285	95	190
$20,000 to $29,999	65,325	30,560	34,765	310	120	185
$30,000 to $39,999	65,325	35,560	29,765	225	85	140
$40,000 to $49,999	47,055	27,560	19,495	205	125	80
$50,000 to $59,999	26,525	15,940	10,585	155	100	60
$60,000 to $69,999	14,275	8,475	5,800	105	70	35
$70,000 to $79,999	6,850	4,505	2,345	85	60	25
$80,000 and over	10,190	7,495	2,695	105	85	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,430	2,445	985	35	30	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,025	1,465	560	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	4,740	3,585	1,155	40	30	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	338,460	169,995	168,460	1,720	835	885
Without employment income	92,150	38,530	53,615	560	205	355
With employment income	246,305	131,465	114,845	1,160	630	525
Percentage with employment income	72.8	77.3	68.2	67.4	75.4	59.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30,115	15,850	14,265	190	105	90
$5,000 to $9,999	18,595	7,870	10,720	85	40	50
$10,000 to $19,999	34,375	14,560	19,810	130	55	75
$20,000 to $29,999	32,135	14,390	17,745	145	60	85
$30,000 to $39,999	35,020	18,070	16,945	120	55	65
$40,000 to $49,999	31,340	18,410	12,930	110	55	55
$50,000 to $59,999	21,620	13,840	7,780	85	45	40
$60,000 to $69,999	14,280	8,960	5,320	60	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	10,820	6,670	4,155	55	45	15
$80,000 and over	18,005	12,835	5,170	165	130	40
$80,000 to $89,999	5,960	3,990	1,975	35	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,585	2,480	1,105	45	25	10
$100,000 and over	8,455	6,365	2,085	95	80	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,635	...	...	62,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,778	...	...	54,485	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	56,350	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,207	...	...	32,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,897	...	...	30,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	124,500	...	...	605	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,604	...	...	87,501	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,387	...	...	75,886	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,947	...	...	73,222	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,693	...	...	62,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	56,310	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,546	...	...	37,290	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,944	...	...	32,649	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	124,540	...	...	630	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,858	...	...	91,201	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,596	...	...	76,781	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
Under $5,000	1,035	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,750	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,760	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,350	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,700	...	...	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,480	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,555	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,935	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,560	...	...	50	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,230	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	16,580	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,685	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,475	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,145	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10,280	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	42,320	...	...	255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	18,460	...	...	105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10,630	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	8,580	...	...	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,650	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	180,845	...	...	955	...	...
Under $5,000	1,130	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,805	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,840	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,785	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,875	...	...	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	9,430	...	...	55	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,275	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,200	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	11,315	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,470	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	19,000	...	...	90	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	17,090	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	14,910	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,155	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	9,135	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	25,435	...	...	170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	14,120	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,970	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,350	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	121,755	...	...	590	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,835	...	...	86,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,552	...	...	74,368	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	56,260	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,000	...	...	80,128	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,181	...	...	70,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	47,925	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,722	...	...	111,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,471	...	...	96,341	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15,680	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,860	...	...	52,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,239	...	...	50,560	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	121,775	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,166	...	...	90,468	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,785	...	...	76,178	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	56,335	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,931	...	...	82,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,817	...	...	68,615	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	47,905	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,411	...	...	120,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,031	...	...	101,006	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15,640	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,392	...	...	47,536	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,485	...	...	41,997	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	63,710	32,965	30,735	395	180	220
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,257	35,582	26,771	32,277	40,640	28,864
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,202	31,121	25,186	29,120	34,944	27,584
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	63,605	32,925	30,680	350	135	210
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,640	39,887	33,155	37,871	39,934	36,521
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,246	33,329	29,009	32,993	33,916	32,389
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	408,615	206,015	202,600	2,090	1,020	1,070
In the bottom half of the distribution	230,065	113,640	116,425	1,095	505	590
In the bottom decile	22,470	11,075	11,400	165	80	85
In the second decile	42,935	19,285	23,650	275	120	155
In the third decile	51,150	25,315	25,830	235	105	130
In the fourth decile	56,520	28,760	27,760	235	110	120
In the fifth decile	56,990	29,205	27,785	185	90	95
In the top half of the distribution	178,550	92,375	86,175	995	515	480
In the sixth decile	53,885	27,775	26,100	170	80	90
In the seventh decile	47,605	24,645	22,965	250	130	125
In the eighth decile	36,555	18,845	17,715	245	130	120
In the ninth decile	24,965	13,045	11,925	185	100	85
In the top decile	15,535	8,065	7,470	140	75	65
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	408,615	206,010	202,605	2,090	1,015	1,070
0 to 17 years	82,875	42,490	40,385	440	220	220
0 to 5 years	28,245	14,580	13,665	155	80	75
18 to 64 years	251,035	127,435	123,600	1,185	605	580
65 years and over	74,705	36,085	38,620	460	195	270
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	43,595	19,945	23,645	300	140	165
0 to 17 years	6,895	3,570	3,325	75	35	35
0 to 5 years	2,135	1,120	1,010	25	10	10
18 to 64 years	22,200	10,745	11,455	145	75	75
65 years and over	14,495	5,630	8,860	80	30	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.7	9.7	11.7	14.4	13.8	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.4	8.2	17.0	15.9	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	7.7	7.4	16.1	12.5	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.4	9.3	12.2	12.4	12.9
65 years and over (%)	19.4	15.6	22.9	17.4	15.4	18.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	16,395	8,075	8,315	85	45	45
0 to 17 years	2,215	1,140	1,070	20	5	10
0 to 5 years	685	370	315	10	5	10
18 to 64 years	11,920	6,220	5,705	60	35	30
65 years and over	2,265	720	1,545	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.9	4.1	4.1	4.4	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.7	2.6	4.5	2.3	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.5	2.3	6.5	6.3	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.9	4.6	5.1	5.8	5.2
65 years and over (%)	3.0	2.0	4.0	2.2	0.0	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	408,610	206,010	202,600	2,095	1,015	1,075
Official languages	408,430	205,885	202,540	2,085	1,015	1,070
English	106,620	59,495	47,120	2,085	1,015	1,075
French	408,130	205,755	202,375	15	10	0
Non-official languages	12,585	5,775	6,810	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,555	5,760	6,795	180	95	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	970	550	420	0	0	0
Berber languages	175	100	80	0	0	0
Kabyle	95	45	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	85	60	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	900	520	380	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	890	515	375	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	55	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	15	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	110	75	85	55	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	20	15	10
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	90	65	20	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	35	85	55	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	325	145	185	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	280	125	155	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,940	4,375	5,560	85	35	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	185	155	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	340	180	155	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	45	45	0	0	0
Russian	120	70	55	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	20	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	860	420	445	30	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	50	15	40	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	760	375	380	25	0	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	40	20	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	40	45	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,060	3,925	5,130	20	10	10
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	725	355	370	0	0	0
Portuguese	300	155	140	0	0	0
Romanian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Spanish	8,310	3,530	4,780	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	95	60	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	460	260	200	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	25	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	105	65	45	0	0	0
Wolof	85	60	30	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	180	85	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	240	100	140	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	150	50	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	120	135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	255	125	135	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	225	105	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Lao	40	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	408,615	206,015	202,605	2,095	1,015	1,075
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	404,890	204,055	200,840	1,990	960	1,035
Canadian citizens aged under 18	82,090	42,260	39,835	370	180	190
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	322,795	161,795	161,005	1,620	775	845
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,725	1,960	1,760	100	60	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	408,615	206,010	202,605	2,095	1,015	1,075
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	400,305	201,735	198,565	1,945	935	1,005
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,315	3,670	3,650	155	85	70
Before 1981	1,475	755	720	35	20	15
1981 to 1990	650	380	270	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,115	520	600	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	2,360	1,125	1,240	45	35	10
2001 to 2005	1,015	480	535	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,345	645	700	40	25	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,715	890	825	65	30	35
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	995	600	390	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,315	3,670	3,650	150	85	70
Under 5 years	1,485	635	845	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,125	535	590	60	45	25
15 to 24 years	1,225	595	630	40	10	25
25 to 44 years	3,185	1,715	1,475	30	15	20
45 years and over	295	190	110	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,315	3,665	3,650	150	85	70
Americas	2,240	1,085	1,155	30	10	20
Brazil	55	25	25	0	0	0
Colombia	360	155	210	15	0	10
El Salvador	60	30	35	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	335	165	170	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	180	110	70	0	0	0
Peru	40	15	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	860	405	450	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	335	180	160	0	0	0
Europe	2,650	1,440	1,205	25	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	40	25	20	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	1,645	905	745	0	0	0
Germany	130	40	85	0	0	0
Greece	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	110	80	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	10	0	0	0
Poland	60	35	25	10	0	0
Portugal	40	20	20	0	0	0
Romania	80	50	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	70	40	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	20	20	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	340	180	155	0	0	0
Africa	1,390	800	585	10	0	0
Algeria	230	145	85	0	0	0
Egypt	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	260	140	120	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	870	495	370	0	0	0
Asia	1,005	330	675	95	60	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	475	80	400	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	55	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	60	25	40	90	55	30
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	70	20	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	175	70	100	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,715	890	825	70	30	35
Americas	415	215	195	15	0	10
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	110	45	60	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	95	40	50	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	90	60	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	40	35	0	0	0
Europe	460	230	225	0	0	0
France	360	210	150	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	10	50	0	0	0
Africa	725	405	320	0	0	0
Algeria	130	70	55	0	0	0
Cameroon	90	40	50	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	20	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	55	35	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	95	65	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	115	80	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	200	95	105	0	0	0
Asia	120	35	85	55	35	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	15	10	50	25	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	408,615	206,010	202,600	2,090	1,015	1,075
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,965	4,625	4,345	150	85	70
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,725	3,995	3,730	305	130	175
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	391,920	197,395	194,530	1,635	800	835
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,980	2,965	3,010	115	60	55
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,970	1,650	1,315	95	55	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,495	1,050	450	20	20	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,470	605	865	75	40	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,385	990	1,390	15	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	575	295	280	15	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	408,610	206,010	202,600	2,090	1,020	1,075
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,060	2,130	1,925	170	95	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,765	1,965	1,795	165	85	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,785	920	870	60	30	30
Métis	1,925	1,020	905	105	55	55
Inuk (Inuit)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	25	45	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	230	140	90	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	404,555	203,880	200,675	1,925	925	995
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	408,610	206,010	202,600	2,090	1,015	1,075
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,070	620	445	55	30	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	407,545	205,390	202,155	2,040	985	1,050
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	408,615	206,010	202,605	2,095	1,015	1,075
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,430	1,170	1,260	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,345	1,125	1,220	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,845	880	965	15	10	10
Métis single ancestry	470	220	245	15	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	35	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	80	40	40	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	40	35	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,305	3,450	3,860	210	110	100
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,210	3,425	3,785	210	115	100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,240	2,945	3,295	70	35	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	950	480	475	140	80	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	95	25	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	25	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	398,875	201,395	197,480	1,855	885	965
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	408,610	206,010	202,600	2,090	1,015	1,075
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,785	2,945	2,835	115	70	45
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	160	115	45	10	0	0
Chinese	655	170	480	0	0	0
Black	2,075	1,095	980	10	0	0
Filipino	100	65	40	85	55	30
Latin American	1,250	650	605	15	0	10
Arab	805	485	320	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	345	160	185	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Korean	55	40	20	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	20	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	145	75	75	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	402,830	203,065	199,770	1,980	945	1,030
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	408,615	206,015	202,605	2,090	1,020	1,075
North American Aboriginal origins	9,735	4,615	5,120	240	130	110
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,250	3,890	4,360	85	45	40
Inuit	85	25	60	0	0	0
Métis	1,580	770	815	160	85	75
Other North American origins	338,600	170,085	168,515	650	330	320
Acadian	1,040	455	580	0	0	0
American	1,330	610	720	35	15	20
Canadian	331,350	166,355	165,000	635	325	315
New Brunswicker	20	15	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	7,590	3,985	3,605	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	114,910	58,190	56,720	1,635	770	860
British Isles origins	19,300	9,150	10,155	1,035	480	560
Channel Islander	10	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,125	1,435	1,690	640	300	340
Irish	14,065	6,635	7,425	315	140	175
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,885	1,770	2,110	390	190	200
Welsh	65	35	30	60	25	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	250	135	115	25	10	20
French origins	98,755	50,300	48,455	185	100	85
Alsatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Breton	410	205	205	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	10	0	0	0
French	98,475	50,160	48,315	185	100	85
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,970	2,450	2,525	720	325	395
Austrian	85	50	40	20	0	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	905	440	460	0	0	10
Dutch	230	125	105	60	25	25
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,360	1,620	1,740	660	305	360
Luxembourger	15	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	555	295	265	10	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	550	265	285	165	110	50
Danish	90	45	45	20	15	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	15	10	10
Norwegian	260	125	135	90	55	35
Swedish	90	45	45	40	35	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	130	55	75	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	1,445	725	715	555	265	290
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	10	40	75	35	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	15	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	135	75	60	10	0	10
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	580	290	290	75	55	20
Romanian	135	85	60	10	0	10
Russian	200	85	115	60	25	30
Slovak	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	305	150	155	365	180	185
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,265	2,250	2,015	45	10	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	195	85	110	25	10	20
Italian	2,400	1,305	1,095	10	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	680	335	345	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,050	530	520	0	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	505	275	230	0	0	0
Basque	105	55	55	0	0	0
Jewish	70	40	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	325	185	140	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	940	475	465	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	30	35	0	0	0
Dominican	90	55	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	665	340	325	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	0	20	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	15	0	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	30	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,740	930	810	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	55	10	45	0	0	0
Brazilian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Chilean	85	55	30	0	0	0
Colombian	515	240	270	10	0	10
Costa Rican	135	95	40	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	0	15	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	410	255	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	90	35	60	0	0	0
Salvadorean	145	85	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	45	25	20	0	0	0
African origins	2,560	1,480	1,080	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	680	375	310	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	95	35	55	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	155	95	60	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Guinean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	110	75	35	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	75	40	35	0	0	0
North African origins	1,165	695	470	0	0	0
Algerian	320	175	150	0	0	0
Berber	185	115	70	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	410	225	185	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	270	180	90	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	405	250	150	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	135	90	45	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	390	200	190	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	360	195	170	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,315	1,030	1,290	100	65	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	795	395	400	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	220	105	115	0	0	0
Armenian	110	40	70	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	255	140	115	0	0	0
Palestinian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	75	45	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	150	85	65	10	10	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	120	65	60	10	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,385	550	840	90	60	30
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Chinese	730	190	545	0	0	0
Filipino	135	85	50	85	55	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	30	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	55	30	0	0	0
Laotian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	75	30	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	220	130	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	25	35	0	0	0
Australian	15	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	20	20	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
Owner	132,890	...	...	710	...	...
Renter	47,960	...	...	235	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
Condominium	11,720	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	169,130	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
No bedrooms	465	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	17,260	...	...	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	51,590	...	...	230	...	...
3 bedrooms	66,570	...	...	335	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	44,955	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	46,290	...	...	190	...	...
5 rooms	29,740	...	...	150	...	...
6 rooms	27,825	...	...	105	...	...
7 rooms	26,405	...	...	155	...	...
8 or more rooms	50,585	...	...	350	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	180,845	...	...	945	...	...
One person or fewer per room	180,410	...	...	940	...	...
More than 1 person per room	435	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
Suitable	178,510	...	...	935	...	...
Not suitable	2,330	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
1960 or before	47,620	...	...	415	...	...
1961 to 1980	52,555	...	...	340	...	...
1981 to 1990	25,660	...	...	120	...	...
1991 to 2000	20,080	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	10,805	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	12,460	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	11,660	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	171,150	...	...	880	...	...
Major repairs needed	9,700	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	180,845	...	...	950	...	...
1 household maintainer	111,640	...	...	650	...	...
2 household maintainers	68,340	...	...	290	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	865	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	180,845	...	...	945	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,135	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	23,125	...	...	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	29,310	...	...	160	...	...
45 to 54 years	33,985	...	...	135	...	...
55 to 64 years	39,800	...	...	190	...	...
65 to 74 years	30,770	...	...	140	...	...
75 to 84 years	14,560	...	...	135	...	...
85 years and over	4,165	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	177,495	...	...	930	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	154,215	...	...	800	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	23,280	...	...	130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	21,375	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130,030	...	...	705	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.8	...	...	46.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.6	...	...	8.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	766	...	...	517	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	882	...	...	746	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,845	...	...	190,426	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	212,614	...	...	196,853	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	47,570	...	...	240	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.0	...	...	27.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.4	...	...	31.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	621	...	...	781	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	663	...	...	821	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	338,470	170,020	168,450	1,750	850	895
No certificate, diploma or degree	73,725	38,725	34,995	480	275	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	69,780	32,590	37,185	495	235	265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	194,965	98,700	96,265	775	345	425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75,645	48,205	27,445	230	165	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	54,285	30,710	23,580	135	95	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	21,360	17,495	3,865	95	70	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	61,760	25,775	35,985	325	90	235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,460	3,880	6,580	50	30	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	47,100	20,850	26,250	165	60	105
Bachelor's degree	33,390	14,245	19,145	125	40	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,795	1,675	2,125	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,435	725	705	10	0	10
Master's degree	7,530	3,595	3,930	30	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	955	610	345	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	219,980	111,390	108,590	1,055	525	530
No certificate, diploma or degree	30,935	17,920	13,015	190	110	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	39,855	19,370	20,485	310	160	150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	149,190	74,100	75,095	560	255	305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	59,230	36,735	22,505	160	120	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	43,210	23,715	19,495	95	70	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	16,020	13,015	3,005	65	45	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	45,605	19,240	26,360	255	80	170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,910	2,585	4,320	25	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	37,450	15,535	21,910	125	40	90
Bachelor's degree	26,525	10,865	15,655	100	25	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,915	1,135	1,775	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,070	420	650	10	0	10
Master's degree	6,200	2,695	3,510	10	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	740	415	325	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	338,470	170,020	168,445	1,745	850	895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	143,505	71,320	72,185	975	505	470
Education	16,265	3,885	12,380	85	30	50
13. Education	16,265	3,880	12,380	85	25	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,995	2,050	2,950	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,095	740	355	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,900	1,310	2,590	0	0	0
Humanities	7,855	3,460	4,395	15	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	755	180	570	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	65	120	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,585	2,050	2,535	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	275	215	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	590	395	200	10	10	0
54. History	440	255	180	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	1,030	295	735	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	12,270	3,305	8,960	35	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	15	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,350	465	880	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,360	265	4,095	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	2,155	825	1,330	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	395	80	315	0	10	0
42. Psychology	1,575	335	1,240	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,365	1,325	1,040	10	10	10
Business, management and public administration	43,520	14,065	29,460	175	45	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,530	510	2,025	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40,985	13,555	27,435	150	35	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,715	2,530	2,185	0	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,485	610	880	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	615	370	245	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	1,280	625	660	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	955	755	195	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	375	170	205	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,860	3,860	2,005	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,055	3,515	1,545	0	0	0
25. Library science	400	60	335	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	330	220	110	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	75	60	15	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50,205	47,435	2,765	165	155	15
04. Architecture and related services	1,155	730	425	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,785	3,345	440	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,995	8,105	890	15	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	12,375	12,105	265	45	45	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	12,925	12,560	370	50	45	10
48. Precision production	10,965	10,590	375	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,250	5,135	2,115	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,250	3,400	1,855	20	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,000	1,735	265	10	0	0
Health and related fields	24,550	4,315	20,230	185	10	180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,330	805	520	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	22,895	3,340	19,555	180	10	175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	325	170	155	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	17,410	8,645	8,765	75	60	15
12. Personal and culinary services	10,295	2,370	7,930	30	20	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	2,295	1,745	550	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,775	4,495	285	35	35	0
Other	70	20	50	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	20	50	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	219,980	111,390	108,595	1,060	525	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	70,790	37,295	33,495	500	270	230
Education	9,980	2,125	7,855	35	10	20
13. Education	9,975	2,125	7,855	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,790	1,465	2,325	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	820	520	300	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,970	945	2,025	0	0	0
Humanities	4,505	1,980	2,525	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	565	145	415	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	35	55	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,455	1,160	1,295	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	160	130	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	175	95	10	10	0
54. History	325	180	135	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	640	145	495	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,810	2,430	7,375	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,120	380	750	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,585	210	3,380	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,630	505	1,130	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	315	75	240	10	10	0
42. Psychology	1,240	250	995	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,850	1,005	845	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	35,450	10,875	24,570	145	40	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,000	365	1,635	25	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	33,445	10,515	22,930	120	30	95
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,915	1,545	1,375	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,240	480	765	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	405	230	175	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	215	120	95	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	755	575	180	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	300	140	160	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,255	3,445	1,815	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,615	3,200	1,415	0	0	0
25. Library science	345	50	300	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	220	130	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	70	60	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	38,465	36,075	2,395	115	105	10
04. Architecture and related services	960	600	360	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,020	2,625	395	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	7,200	6,415	785	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	8,885	8,670	215	30	25	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,815	9,505	305	30	25	0
48. Precision production	8,585	8,260	330	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,000	4,120	1,880	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,385	2,750	1,635	15	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,610	1,365	245	0	0	0
Health and related fields	19,090	3,305	15,785	135	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,065	635	435	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	17,795	2,595	15,200	125	10	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	225	75	145	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,870	6,725	7,145	60	50	10
12. Personal and culinary services	8,225	1,755	6,470	25	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,750	1,315	430	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,875	3,640	240	30	35	0
Other	65	15	50	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	65	20	50	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	338,470	170,020	168,450	1,750	850	895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	143,500	71,315	72,185	970	505	470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	194,965	98,700	96,265	770	345	430
Location of study inside Canada	191,685	96,750	94,935	745	335	415
Same as province or territory of residence	189,425	95,445	93,985	585	245	345
Different than province or territory of residence	2,260	1,305	950	160	90	70
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,285	1,950	1,335	30	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	470	300	175	10	0	10
Philippines	55	35	25	15	10	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	20	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	70	35	35	0	0	0
France	1,200	765	435	0	0	0
Other	1,445	800	640	0	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	219,980	111,390	108,595	1,055	525	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70,785	37,290	33,495	500	270	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	149,195	74,095	75,095	560	255	305
Location of study inside Canada	146,590	72,610	73,985	535	245	295
Same as province or territory of residence	144,900	71,655	73,250	410	170	235
Different than province or territory of residence	1,690	955	735	125	65	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,605	1,490	1,110	25	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	250	140	110	0	0	0
Philippines	55	35	20	10	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	15	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	65	30	35	0	0	0
France	1,005	625	380	0	0	0
Other	1,195	645	550	10	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	338,470	170,025	168,450	1,750	850	895
In the labour force	223,615	118,805	104,810	970	495	470
Employed	213,615	112,575	101,035	900	455	445
Unemployed	10,000	6,230	3,770	65	45	20
Not in the labour force	114,855	51,215	63,640	775	350	430
Participation rate	66.1	69.9	62.2	55.4	58.2	52.5
Employment rate	63.1	66.2	60.0	51.4	53.5	49.7
Unemployment rate	4.5	5.2	3.6	6.7	9.1	4.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	338,470	170,020	168,445	1,750	850	895
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	104,490	45,360	59,130	700	280	420
Worked	233,980	124,660	109,315	1,050	570	480
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	117,120	65,880	51,240	500	295	205
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	116,860	58,780	58,080	545	275	270
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	43.8	43.6	42.7	42.7	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	223,615	118,810	104,810	965	495	470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,685	1,280	1,410	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	220,930	117,530	103,400	965	500	470
Employee	194,210	101,065	93,145	845	430	420
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	26,720	16,460	10,255	120	70	50
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	223,615	118,805	104,810	965	500	470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,685	1,280	1,405	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	220,925	117,530	103,400	965	495	465
0 Management occupations	21,755	14,855	6,895	110	70	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	33,465	9,440	24,025	125	40	90
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	12,815	9,690	3,125	35	30	10
3 Health occupations	15,635	2,455	13,180	90	0	85
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	22,585	5,550	17,040	90	20	70
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,070	1,710	2,365	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	47,115	18,770	28,350	200	45	150
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	38,110	36,280	1,830	185	180	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,850	4,600	1,250	85	85	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	19,530	14,185	5,345	40	35	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	223,615	118,810	104,805	965	500	470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,690	1,280	1,405	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	220,930	117,530	103,400	965	495	465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11,065	8,110	2,955	90	85	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	595	530	65	35	30	10
22 Utilities	750	635	115	10	10	0
23 Construction	16,185	14,380	1,805	45	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	40,465	30,055	10,410	80	60	20
41 Wholesale trade	6,880	5,025	1,855	45	35	15
44-45 Retail trade	25,645	11,490	14,155	120	40	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,885	7,075	1,815	40	35	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,885	1,125	760	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	11,515	3,805	7,705	25	0	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,790	1,085	710	0	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,190	5,385	4,805	20	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	25	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,210	3,750	2,460	20	0	25
61 Educational services	13,155	3,705	9,445	65	25	40
62 Health care and social assistance	27,700	4,255	23,445	140	0	140
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,465	1,335	1,130	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	12,945	4,460	8,485	65	25	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,530	5,235	5,295	50	45	10
91 Public administration	12,025	6,065	5,955	65	40	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	213,615	112,580	101,035	900	450	445
Worked at home	16,020	8,255	7,765	45	25	15
Worked outside Canada	550	485	70	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	18,420	14,410	4,010	110	100	10
Worked at usual place	178,620	89,425	89,190	745	330	415
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	178,615	89,425	89,195	750	330	420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	83,035	39,970	43,060	595	255	340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	27,455	14,260	13,200	50	30	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	67,915	35,035	32,880	90	30	60
Commute to a different province or territory	215	165	55	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	197,040	103,840	93,200	855	430	430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	171,465	91,340	80,130	685	345	335
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	7,945	3,885	4,065	20	10	10
Public transit	4,660	2,000	2,655	10	10	0
Walked	10,060	4,845	5,215	100	35	60
Bicycle	1,045	790	250	30	15	10
Other method	1,860	980	880	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	197,035	103,840	93,205	855	425	430
Less than 15 minutes	77,010	38,230	38,785	600	270	335
15 to 29 minutes	64,075	33,670	30,405	95	75	20
30 to 44 minutes	35,215	19,725	15,485	60	30	25
45 to 59 minutes	12,025	6,525	5,505	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	8,715	5,690	3,020	75	35	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	197,035	103,840	93,200	860	425	430
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	13,555	10,470	3,080	20	10	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45,470	30,750	14,725	220	130	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65,355	30,180	35,175	260	145	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	31,635	11,875	19,755	205	85	120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	12,100	4,210	7,895	50	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	28,920	16,355	12,565	100	50	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	238,765	126,790	111,975	1,075	575	505
Single responses	234,710	124,305	110,400	1,075	570	505
Official languages	234,595	124,235	110,365	1,075	575	500
English	3,200	1,935	1,265	1,070	575	505
French	231,395	122,300	109,095	0	0	0
Non-official languages	110	70	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	70	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	65	35	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	60	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	55	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,055	2,485	1,575	0	0	0
English and French	3,870	2,375	1,495	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	45	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	55	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	238,765	126,790	111,975	1,075	570	500
None	208,140	108,570	99,570	1,075	570	500
English	27,745	16,630	11,115	0	0	0
French	2,280	1,315	960	0	0	0
Non-official language	355	180	180	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	350	170	180	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	90	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	404,220	203,635	200,590	2,075	1,005	1,070
Non-movers	370,375	187,135	183,235	1,825	890	935
Movers	33,845	16,500	17,350	255	120	135
Non-migrants	18,735	9,235	9,505	90	40	45
Migrants	15,115	7,265	7,850	165	75	90
Internal migrants	14,500	6,890	7,610	135	60	75
Intraprovincial migrants	14,205	6,740	7,465	110	45	65
Interprovincial migrants	300	160	140	25	15	10
External migrants	615	375	240	30	15	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	385,260	193,875	191,390	1,960	950	1,010
Non-movers	279,595	141,695	137,905	1,255	615	640
Movers	105,660	52,175	53,480	705	335	370
Non-migrants	57,415	28,365	29,045	260	130	130
Migrants	48,240	23,810	24,430	440	205	235
Internal migrants	46,030	22,590	23,445	385	185	200
Intraprovincial migrants	45,185	22,160	23,025	300	135	165
Interprovincial migrants	845	430	415	85	50	40
External migrants	2,215	1,225	990	50	25	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Biggar [Population centre], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Biggar [Population centre], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Biggar [Population centre], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Région de la Chaudière-Appalaches [Health region, December 2017], Quebec and Biggar [Population centre], Saskatchewan