Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Rivière-du-Loup, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Tottenham Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	33,958	...	...	5,143	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	34,375	...	...	4,720	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.2	...	...	9.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	17,019	...	...	1,950	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	15,155	...	...	1,898	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	26.6	...	...	1,691.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,277.15	...	...	3.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	33,955	16,665	17,295	5,145	2,570	2,575
0 to 14 years	5,290	2,690	2,595	960	470	490
0 to 4 years	1,720	875	845	320	160	160
5 to 9 years	1,935	995	940	315	165	160
10 to 14 years	1,630	825	805	325	155	170
15 to 64 years	21,195	10,605	10,590	3,640	1,850	1,795
15 to 19 years	1,650	860	795	355	190	165
20 to 24 years	1,690	870	825	310	155	150
25 to 29 years	1,795	915	880	375	190	185
30 to 34 years	1,925	980	945	435	230	210
35 to 39 years	2,080	1,045	1,030	315	155	160
40 to 44 years	1,955	1,000	955	355	180	180
45 to 49 years	1,835	930	905	375	175	200
50 to 54 years	2,570	1,270	1,295	465	245	215
55 to 59 years	2,865	1,370	1,495	390	180	205
60 to 64 years	2,825	1,360	1,470	270	150	125
65 years and over	7,475	3,365	4,110	545	245	295
65 to 69 years	2,455	1,180	1,270	215	100	115
70 to 74 years	1,825	895	930	145	70	75
75 to 79 years	1,245	585	655	85	40	45
80 to 84 years	925	375	550	60	25	35
85 years and over	1,030	335	695	40	15	30
85 to 89 years	630	230	400	30	10	25
90 to 94 years	310	90	225	10	0	10
95 to 99 years	75	10	60	5	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.1	15.0	18.7	18.3	19.0
15 to 64 years	62.4	63.6	61.2	70.7	72.0	69.7
65 years and over	22.0	20.2	23.8	10.6	9.5	11.5
85 years and over	3.0	2.0	4.0	0.8	0.6	1.2
Average age of the population	44.3	43.1	45.5	37.5	37.2	37.9
Median age of the population	46.7	44.9	48.5	37.2	36.9	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	15,155	...	...	1,895	...	...
Single-detached house	9,025	...	...	1,180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	40	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,955	...	...	720	...	...
Semi-detached house	790	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	185	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	715	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,150	...	...	155	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	135	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	15,155	...	...	1,895	...	...
1 person	5,125	...	...	360	...	...
2 persons	5,885	...	...	610	...	...
3 persons	1,850	...	...	380	...	...
4 persons	1,585	...	...	385	...	...
5 or more persons	710	...	...	165	...	...
Number of persons in private households	32,600	...	...	5,150	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	28,670	13,970	14,700	4,185	2,100	2,090
Married or living common law	17,415	8,720	8,690	2,560	1,275	1,280
Married	9,270	4,655	4,620	2,095	1,040	1,050
Living common law	8,145	4,070	4,075	465	230	240
Not married and not living common law	11,255	5,250	6,005	1,630	825	805
Never married	7,380	4,045	3,335	1,095	620	475
Separated	285	130	155	145	65	80
Divorced	1,715	705	1,010	245	100	145
Widowed	1,875	375	1,510	145	35	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	9,690	...	...	1,540	...	...
2 persons	5,730	...	...	680	...	...
3 persons	1,770	...	...	390	...	...
4 persons	1,530	...	...	355	...	...
5 or more persons	660	...	...	120	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	9,690	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total couple families	8,500	...	...	1,270	...	...
Married couples	4,425	...	...	1,035	...	...
Common-law couples	4,065	...	...	235	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,190	...	...	270	...	...
Female parent	905	...	...	190	...	...
Male parent	290	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,495	...	...	1,265	...	...
Couples without children	4,990	...	...	510	...	...
Couples with children	3,505	...	...	755	...	...
1 child	1,415	...	...	310	...	...
2 children	1,455	...	...	330	...	...
3 or more children	630	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,195	...	...	270	...	...
1 child	740	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	350	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,215	3,000	3,215	590	305	290
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	15,155	...	...	1,900	...	...
One-census-family households	9,595	...	...	1,430	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,940	...	...	460	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,650	...	...	970	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	45	...	...	55	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,510	...	...	410	...	...
One-person households	5,120	...	...	355	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	390	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	33,555	16,520	17,040	5,150	2,565	2,580
English only	35	20	15	4,905	2,470	2,435
French only	26,830	12,665	14,165	0	0	0
English and French	6,680	3,830	2,855	230	90	140
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	10	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	33,560	16,520	17,040	5,150	2,565	2,580
English	185	95	90	5,075	2,535	2,545
French	33,335	16,405	16,935	50	20	25
English and French	25	20	10	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	10	0	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	200	105	95	55	25	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.1	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	33,560	16,520	17,035	5,145	2,570	2,580
Single responses	33,470	16,470	16,995	5,095	2,540	2,550
Official languages	33,290	16,385	16,905	4,595	2,300	2,295
English	180	95	85	4,545	2,275	2,265
French	33,110	16,295	16,815	55	25	30
Non-official languages	175	85	95	495	240	255
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	85	90	495	245	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	10	10	5
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	15	20	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	35	40	400	195	205
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	70	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	70	30	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	40	20	25
Russian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	70	35	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	50	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	220	110	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	135	65	65
Portuguese	0	0	5	30	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	40	15	20	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	15	10	5
Chinese languages	15	10	10	15	10	5
Cantonese	5	5	5	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	45	40	60	30	30
English and French	55	25	25	10	5	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	45	25	20
French and non-official language	30	15	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	33,560	16,520	17,040	5,150	2,570	2,580
Single responses	33,440	16,455	16,985	5,045	2,515	2,530
Official languages	33,355	16,410	16,940	4,900	2,450	2,450
English	135	65	70	4,890	2,445	2,445
French	33,220	16,345	16,875	10	5	5
Non-official languages	90	45	45	150	70	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	90	45	45	145	70	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	20	95	45	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	50	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	10	5	10
Chinese languages	15	10	5	15	5	5
Cantonese	0	5	0	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	60	55	105	50	50
English and French	70	35	30	5	5	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	95	50	50
French and non-official language	40	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	33,560	16,520	17,040	5,150	2,570	2,580
None	32,690	16,040	16,650	4,840	2,430	2,410
English	640	365	275	75	40	40
French	130	65	60	25	10	20
Non-official language	90	40	45	205	95	105
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	40	45	200	95	100
English and French	0	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	27,320	13,475	13,845	4,185	2,100	2,090
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,785	13,230	13,550	4,020	2,015	2,005
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,781	38,607	27,536	39,061	47,488	31,040
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,790	13,235	13,555	4,025	2,010	2,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,249	33,610	25,225	34,643	40,820	28,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,905	12,160	11,745	3,730	1,925	1,800
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,791	35,282	23,165	38,000	47,104	29,355
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,095	9,900	11,190	2,700	1,175	1,525
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,513	7,864	8,970	3,355	1,300	4,621
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,225	10,215	9,015	3,365	1,790	1,580
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,817	34,883	25,201	38,885	47,168	32,384
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	27,320	13,535	13,785	4,180	2,115	2,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,810	13,265	13,545	4,015	2,020	1,995
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,059	45,395	32,855	44,259	54,316	34,061
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,820	13,265	13,555	4,015	2,020	1,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,858	37,439	28,375	37,281	44,841	29,615
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,910	12,210	11,695	3,685	1,930	1,750
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,736	42,262	28,924	43,393	53,409	32,336
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,145	9,885	11,260	2,620	1,095	1,525
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,120	8,714	9,477	6,836	6,015	7,426
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,225	10,170	9,055	3,310	1,795	1,515
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,886	40,950	30,202	44,552	53,369	34,146
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	27,320	13,535	13,785	4,180	2,115	2,065
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,545	4,655	3,895	1,880	1,180	700
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,326	45,612	36,747	54,175	61,421	48,359
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,786	52,460	42,196	60,295	66,591	49,720
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.3	85.4	75.8	90.2	93.6	84.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.2	68.4	60.9	82.4	85.7	77.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.7	14.6	24.2	9.9	6.3	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	27,325	13,480	13,845	4,185	2,100	2,090
Without total income	540	250	295	165	85	85
With total income	26,785	13,235	13,550	4,020	2,015	2,005
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.2	97.9	96.1	96.0	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,700	995	1,705	520	195	330
$10,000 to $19,999	5,140	1,990	3,150	555	210	345
$20,000 to $29,999	4,390	1,905	2,485	520	215	305
$30,000 to $39,999	4,275	2,045	2,230	470	230	245
$40,000 to $49,999	3,635	2,090	1,550	485	230	255
$50,000 to $59,999	2,400	1,450	950	390	205	185
$60,000 to $69,999	1,380	885	500	325	200	125
$70,000 to $79,999	1,070	630	440	220	150	70
$80,000 to $89,999	595	395	200	200	145	50
$90,000 to $99,999	340	230	110	125	75	45
$100,000 and over	860	625	235	210	165	50
$100,000 to $149,999	580	415	165	165	120	40
$150,000 and over	280	210	70	50	45	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	27,325	13,480	13,845	4,185	2,095	2,090
Without after-tax income	530	245	285	165	80	80
With after-tax income	26,790	13,235	13,555	4,020	2,015	2,005
Percentage with after-tax income	98.0	98.2	97.9	96.1	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,825	1,020	1,805	540	200	340
$10,000 to $19,999	5,390	2,095	3,300	585	220	365
$20,000 to $29,999	5,575	2,515	3,065	610	260	350
$30,000 to $39,999	5,380	2,890	2,495	610	295	315
$40,000 to $49,999	3,580	2,140	1,440	570	305	270
$50,000 to $59,999	1,775	1,065	715	400	240	160
$60,000 to $69,999	1,045	655	395	305	220	90
$70,000 to $79,999	450	310	140	195	130	70
$80,000 and over	760	550	210	205	155	50
$80,000 to $89,999	255	185	70	90	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	135	100	35	40	30	5
$100,000 and over	370	270	105	80	65	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	27,320	13,480	13,840	4,185	2,100	2,090
Without employment income	8,095	3,265	4,830	820	305	515
With employment income	19,225	10,215	9,010	3,370	1,790	1,575
Percentage with employment income	70.4	75.8	65.1	80.5	85.2	75.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,510	1,335	1,170	360	165	190
$5,000 to $9,999	1,455	600	860	245	105	140
$10,000 to $19,999	2,805	1,165	1,640	400	160	240
$20,000 to $29,999	2,890	1,285	1,605	325	145	180
$30,000 to $39,999	2,945	1,515	1,435	410	200	210
$40,000 to $49,999	2,245	1,440	800	370	175	190
$50,000 to $59,999	1,490	1,005	480	325	180	145
$60,000 to $69,999	900	545	355	270	175	95
$70,000 to $79,999	810	480	335	190	135	60
$80,000 and over	1,180	845	330	480	350	125
$80,000 to $89,999	385	265	115	175	130	40
$90,000 to $99,999	215	150	65	120	75	50
$100,000 and over	580	430	155	180	145	35
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	15,155	...	...	1,895	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,865	...	...	86,894	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,381	...	...	74,713	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,120	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,952	...	...	45,696	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,538	...	...	39,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,030	...	...	1,540	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,742	...	...	97,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,757	...	...	83,072	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,100	...	...	92,931	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,152	...	...	78,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,100	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,587	...	...	46,214	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,820	...	...	39,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,055	...	...	1,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,589	...	...	104,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,013	...	...	87,937	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	15,155	...	...	1,895	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	560	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	910	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	800	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	730	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,000	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	895	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	815	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	760	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,415	...	...	135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,175	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	975	...	...	155	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	805	...	...	150	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,935	...	...	750	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,365	...	...	290	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	225	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	550	...	...	165	...	...
$200,000 and over	325	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,155	...	...	1,895	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	570	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	955	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	920	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	905	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,230	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,030	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	935	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	900	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,615	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,390	...	...	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	...	...	200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	915	...	...	190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	715	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,650	...	...	515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	280	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	365	...	...	125	...	...
$150,000 and over	350	...	...	110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,755	...	...	1,500	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,124	...	...	96,805	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,919	...	...	82,916	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,890	...	...	445	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,721	...	...	88,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,357	...	...	76,544	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,520	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,664	...	...	111,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,817	...	...	95,061	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	250	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,469	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,896	...	...	55,637	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,770	...	...	1,495	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,111	...	...	104,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,349	...	...	87,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,890	...	...	450	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,714	...	...	94,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,047	...	...	78,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,515	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,079	...	...	122,089	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,507	...	...	102,297	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,185	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,834	...	...	68,843	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,275	...	...	58,876	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,875	2,855	3,025	505	270	240
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,936	31,541	25,416	41,984	46,464	37,248
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,738	28,139	24,101	36,480	39,552	33,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,875	2,920	2,955	510	285	225
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,104	36,882	33,348	43,767	48,694	37,440
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,739	30,928	28,565	37,236	40,482	33,069
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	32,600	16,165	16,435	5,150	2,565	2,580
In the bottom half of the distribution	19,990	9,695	10,295	2,195	1,045	1,155
In the bottom decile	2,215	1,065	1,150	245	110	135
In the second decile	4,000	1,765	2,240	335	165	175
In the third decile	4,470	2,200	2,275	395	195	200
In the fourth decile	4,900	2,455	2,440	570	275	295
In the fifth decile	4,405	2,220	2,190	640	300	345
In the top half of the distribution	12,610	6,465	6,140	2,950	1,525	1,430
In the sixth decile	4,180	2,135	2,045	630	330	305
In the seventh decile	3,355	1,680	1,675	755	380	375
In the eighth decile	2,470	1,280	1,190	695	370	330
In the ninth decile	1,480	780	700	605	305	300
In the top decile	1,125	600	530	270	140	130
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	32,600	16,160	16,435	5,150	2,570	2,575
0 to 17 years	6,255	3,200	3,055	1,170	580	590
0 to 5 years	2,085	1,065	1,020	390	190	205
18 to 64 years	19,935	9,930	10,010	3,430	1,740	1,695
65 years and over	6,405	3,035	3,375	545	250	295
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,210	1,895	2,310	405	190	220
0 to 17 years	575	290	285	125	60	60
0 to 5 years	195	110	80	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	2,265	1,040	1,230	245	110	135
65 years and over	1,360	560	805	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.9	11.7	14.1	7.9	7.4	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	10.7	10.3	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.4	10.3	7.8	11.5	13.2	12.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	10.5	12.3	7.1	6.3	8.0
65 years and over (%)	21.2	18.5	23.9	7.3	6.0	8.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,285	660	625	155	75	80
0 to 17 years	145	75	70	40	20	25
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	1,060	545	510	105	50	55
65 years and over	80	40	45	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	4.1	3.8	3.0	2.9	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.3	2.3	3.4	3.4	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.3	2.0	3.8	2.6	4.9
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.5	5.1	3.1	2.9	3.2
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.8	2.0	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	32,600	16,160	16,435	5,200	2,600	2,600
Official languages	32,580	16,155	16,420	5,195	2,600	2,595
English	6,505	3,715	2,790	5,195	2,600	2,595
French	32,555	16,145	16,415	275	115	155
Non-official languages	720	305	415	630	315	320
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	15	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	715	300	410	615	310	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	20	20	0
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	30	15	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	50	25	25	10	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	25	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	545	230	315	525	250	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	55	30	30	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	25	125	70	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	20	120	70	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	25	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	15	0	10	55	20	35
Russian	35	20	15	20	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	25	15	105	45	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	20	70	40	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	25	0	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	10	10	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	435	170	270	280	140	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	190	105	85
Portuguese	10	0	0	30	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	425	160	265	60	25	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	15	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	30	20	10	10
Chinese languages	55	25	30	20	10	10
Cantonese	30	15	15	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	25	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	32,600	16,160	16,440	5,200	2,600	2,600
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	32,335	16,040	16,295	5,070	2,550	2,520
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,145	3,145	3,000	1,215	585	625
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	26,190	12,895	13,300	3,860	1,965	1,900
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	265	120	140	125	50	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	32,600	16,165	16,435	5,200	2,595	2,600
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	32,090	15,910	16,185	4,540	2,255	2,285
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	435	235	210	650	340	305
Before 1981	65	30	35	380	190	185
1981 to 1990	45	25	20	65	40	30
1991 to 2000	40	30	20	105	55	50
2001 to 2010	130	65	65	60	35	25
2001 to 2005	55	30	30	45	25	20
2006 to 2010	80	40	40	20	15	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	155	85	75	35	30	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	25	50	10	0	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	440	235	205	650	340	305
Under 5 years	105	50	55	140	65	70
5 to 14 years	60	40	25	135	75	60
15 to 24 years	75	45	35	165	90	75
25 to 44 years	165	90	75	200	105	95
45 years and over	35	15	20	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	440	235	205	645	345	305
Americas	95	35	60	90	50	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	25	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	20	15	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	30	15	15
Europe	140	80	60	435	235	205
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	95	55	40	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	30	15	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	60	35	25
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	10
Poland	0	0	10	35	20	15
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	210	115	95
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	35	25	10
Africa	65	45	20	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	20	0	0	10
Asia	130	65	65	90	45	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	20	30	0	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	30	15	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	35	20	15	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	155	80	75	35	25	10
Americas	15	0	0	20	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	10	10	0
Europe	25	10	15	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	50	30	15	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	0	0	0
Asia	65	35	25	10	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	32,600	16,165	16,435	5,200	2,600	2,600
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	545	280	270	675	355	320
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	400	190	215	1,285	585	700
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	31,655	15,695	15,960	3,240	1,655	1,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	385	210	175	290	160	130
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	185	110	80	110	50	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	80	40	35	50	30	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	105	60	40	60	20	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	160	80	80	140	90	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	20	20	40	25	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	32,600	16,165	16,440	5,195	2,600	2,600
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	345	200	145	150	65	85
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	320	190	125	150	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	160	100	60	120	50	70
Métis	155	95	60	30	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,255	15,960	16,290	5,045	2,535	2,515
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	32,600	16,165	16,440	5,200	2,600	2,600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	115	60	60	75	25	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,480	16,105	16,380	5,120	2,570	2,555
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	32,600	16,160	16,435	5,200	2,600	2,600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	235	110	125	20	10	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	220	110	115	20	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	160	80	80	15	0	15
Métis single ancestry	55	30	30	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	645	340	300	220	110	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	635	340	300	215	110	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	560	305	255	145	75	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	35	45	70	40	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	31,720	15,710	16,015	4,960	2,480	2,480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	32,600	16,160	16,440	5,195	2,600	2,595
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	350	175	175	280	145	130
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	20	10	35	20	20
Chinese	55	20	35	25	20	10
Black	105	55	50	90	50	45
Filipino	20	10	10	35	15	20
Latin American	10	10	10	30	15	20
Arab	60	25	35	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	0	20	15	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	15	15	10	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	15	10	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	32,245	15,985	16,260	4,920	2,455	2,465
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	32,600	16,165	16,440	5,200	2,600	2,600
North American Aboriginal origins	875	450	430	235	115	120
First Nations (North American Indian)	740	390	355	165	75	90
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	155	70	85	75	45	30
Other North American origins	27,575	13,630	13,950	1,825	885	945
Acadian	130	60	65	10	10	0
American	165	70	90	110	50	65
Canadian	26,980	13,355	13,625	1,735	845	890
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	590	285	310	10	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,890	4,410	4,480	4,205	2,090	2,115
British Isles origins	1,200	575	630	2,885	1,395	1,490
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	160	55	105	1,705	800	905
Irish	795	365	425	1,245	590	655
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	320	175	150	1,060	565	495
Welsh	10	10	10	135	55	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	10	15	170	80	95
French origins	8,015	3,985	4,030	535	230	305
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	45	35	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	7,995	3,965	4,030	530	235	305
Western European origins (except French origins)	235	115	125	770	400	365
Austrian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	20	20	45	35	15
Dutch	40	30	10	215	100	120
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	125	45	75	510	265	245
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	35	10	25	15	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	20	15	0	150	65	80
Danish	0	10	0	0	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	10	10	0	55	25	30
Swedish	10	10	0	50	20	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eastern European origins	70	40	35	470	240	230
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	20	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	10	35	30	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	15	205	100	110
Romanian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	15	10	10	55	20	35
Slovak	0	0	0	20	20	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	115	55	55
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	220	120	105	1,035	560	475
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	70	40	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	20	0	10
Italian	135	80	50	735	410	325
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	0	20	120	55	60
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Spanish	60	30	30	55	20	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	25	15	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	50	25	35	95	50	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	10	0	75	40	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	20	10	15
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	15	20	80	35	50
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	10	10	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	140	85	60	60	35	20
Central and West African origins	20	15	10	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	15	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	75	50	35	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	70	35	30	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	15	20	50	25	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	40	25	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	210	105	100	225	110	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	70	35	30	75	30	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Armenian	55	25	30	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	15	0	45	20	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	15	10	40	15	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	115	55	55	115	65	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	70	30	35	35	25	10
Filipino	15	10	10	50	20	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	10	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	15,155	...	...	1,915	...	...
Owner	10,105	...	...	1,630	...	...
Renter	5,050	...	...	280	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
Condominium	1,015	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	14,145	...	...	1,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,660	...	...	105	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,305	...	...	190	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,070	...	...	980	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,055	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	15,155	...	...	1,915	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,425	...	...	195	...	...
5 rooms	2,235	...	...	230	...	...
6 rooms	2,055	...	...	405	...	...
7 rooms	1,970	...	...	325	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,470	...	...	760	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,140	...	...	1,900	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
Suitable	15,015	...	...	1,860	...	...
Not suitable	145	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	15,155	...	...	1,915	...	...
1960 or before	4,320	...	...	185	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,680	...	...	705	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,025	...	...	270	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,490	...	...	450	...	...
2001 to 2005	805	...	...	85	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,065	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	775	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	14,405	...	...	1,815	...	...
Major repairs needed	755	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	15,155	...	...	1,915	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,610	...	...	1,030	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,470	...	...	845	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	15,155	...	...	1,910	...	...
15 to 24 years	515	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,055	...	...	325	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,265	...	...	350	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,570	...	...	525	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,415	...	...	370	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,765	...	...	220	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,220	...	...	80	...	...
85 years and over	345	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	14,995	...	...	1,910	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,705	...	...	1,505	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,290	...	...	405	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,170	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,965	...	...	1,625	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.0	...	...	74.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	754	...	...	1,505	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	857	...	...	1,422	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,405	...	...	389,788	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	191,409	...	...	423,402	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,040	...	...	280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.7	...	...	49.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	586	...	...	1,082	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	629	...	...	1,225	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	27,320	13,535	13,785	4,185	2,115	2,065
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,950	3,165	2,780	785	445	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,265	2,315	2,950	1,355	725	630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,110	8,055	8,055	2,040	945	1,090
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,570	4,180	2,390	370	280	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,920	2,875	2,050	140	80	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,645	1,305	340	225	205	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,995	1,960	3,030	1,120	440	680
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	945	320	625	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,605	1,590	2,010	500	200	295
Bachelor's degree	2,600	1,105	1,490	360	130	230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	140	175	55	40	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	50	80	10	0	0
Master's degree	485	235	250	65	30	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	70	60	15	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,660	8,690	8,970	3,020	1,550	1,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,545	1,415	1,135	380	245	135
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,835	1,250	1,585	950	555	395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,280	6,025	6,250	1,690	750	935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,195	3,250	1,940	290	220	70
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,920	2,235	1,680	115	55	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,275	1,010	260	180	170	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,620	1,410	2,210	925	360	565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	615	215	395	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,855	1,155	1,700	430	150	280
Bachelor's degree	2,045	815	1,230	315	95	220
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	75	155	35	25	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	50	85	0	0	10
Master's degree	400	180	220	60	25	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	40	10	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	27,325	13,535	13,785	4,185	2,115	2,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,210	5,480	5,730	2,145	1,170	975
Education	1,685	430	1,255	80	20	60
13. Education	1,690	430	1,255	80	20	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	110	305	105	40	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	390	95	295	100	35	65
Humanities	475	255	220	90	35	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275	135	140	30	15	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	35	0	15	10	0
54. History	40	30	10	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	35	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	840	230	615	280	55	235
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	40	40	35	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	25	260	105	10	100
22. Legal professions and studies	140	30	110	45	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	140	30	115	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	155	95	55	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	3,300	975	2,325	390	135	260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	30	145	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,125	940	2,185	340	125	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	370	195	175	70	25	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	45	80	30	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	30	15	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	85	35	50	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	60	30	25	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	160	65	65	50	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	145	25	60	40	15
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,075	3,920	160	470	435	35
04. Architecture and related services	75	30	45	15	0	10
14. Engineering	265	250	20	20	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	610	575	35	90	75	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,180	1,165	15	145	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,145	1,125	20	120	115	0
48. Precision production	795	780	20	80	70	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	490	175	40	30	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	380	255	125	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	235	50	25	15	10
Health and related fields	2,340	445	1,890	250	30	220
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	115	70	45	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs	2,115	310	1,800	210	0	200
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	20	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,710	845	865	190	95	95
12. Personal and culinary services	1,060	250	805	105	25	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	245	200	45	65	55	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	405	395	15	20	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,660	8,690	8,970	3,020	1,550	1,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,375	2,660	2,720	1,330	800	530
Education	1,080	260	825	65	10	55
13. Education	1,080	255	820	70	15	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	75	245	85	30	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	55	235	80	30	55
Humanities	260	145	110	60	20	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	85	60	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	15	10	0
54. History	25	15	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	15	15	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	665	160	510	260	45	210
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	30	35	30	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	240	20	220	90	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	100	20	80	40	0	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	115	20	95	40	0	35
45. Social sciences	115	60	55	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	2,630	715	1,915	305	100	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	110	35	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,495	695	1,805	270	90	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	120	125	65	25	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	30	70	30	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	75	50	25	25	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	180	130	50	55	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	125	25	50	35	20
25. Library science	20	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,215	3,070	150	390	355	35
04. Architecture and related services	55	15	40	15	10	10
14. Engineering	240	220	20	25	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	490	450	35	80	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	895	885	20	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	885	870	15	105	100	0
48. Precision production	645	630	20	55	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	535	370	165	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	310	195	120	20	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	175	50	20	15	10
Health and related fields	1,755	320	1,435	215	25	185
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	65	45	40	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,595	240	1,360	170	10	170
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	20	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,385	665	725	155	75	80
12. Personal and culinary services	835	160	680	85	20	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	205	175	35	60	45	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	330	10	15	15	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	27,320	13,535	13,785	4,180	2,120	2,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,215	5,480	5,725	2,145	1,170	975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,110	8,055	8,055	2,040	945	1,095
Location of study inside Canada	15,935	7,950	7,985	1,850	825	1,020
Same as province or territory of residence	15,720	7,840	7,875	1,730	760	970
Different than province or territory of residence	215	110	110	120	70	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	175	105	75	185	120	70
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	35	10	35	20	15
Philippines	0	0	0	20	10	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	50	35	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	60	35	20	0	0	0
Other	65	35	30	80	60	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,660	8,685	8,965	3,020	1,555	1,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,375	2,660	2,715	1,330	805	530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,280	6,025	6,255	1,690	750	940
Location of study inside Canada	12,125	5,950	6,180	1,560	670	885
Same as province or territory of residence	11,995	5,890	6,100	1,465	625	840
Different than province or territory of residence	135	50	80	90	45	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	150	80	75	130	85	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	30	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	25	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	45	20	20	0	0	0
Other	65	30	35	70	50	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	27,320	13,535	13,785	4,185	2,120	2,065
In the labour force	17,275	9,155	8,125	3,135	1,665	1,470
Employed	16,220	8,465	7,750	2,925	1,575	1,350
Unemployed	1,055	680	375	210	90	120
Not in the labour force	10,045	4,380	5,660	1,045	445	595
Participation rate	63.2	67.6	58.9	74.9	78.5	71.2
Employment rate	59.4	62.5	56.2	69.9	74.3	65.4
Unemployment rate	6.1	7.4	4.6	6.7	5.4	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	27,325	13,535	13,785	4,180	2,115	2,070
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	9,030	3,910	5,120	990	390	605
Worked	18,295	9,630	8,665	3,190	1,725	1,460
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	8,695	4,770	3,930	1,910	1,190	725
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,595	4,860	4,730	1,275	540	740
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.3	42.4	44.3	45.5	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	17,275	9,150	8,125	3,135	1,665	1,470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	90	100	55	0	50
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	17,085	9,055	8,025	3,075	1,660	1,420
Employee	15,370	8,005	7,360	2,820	1,495	1,320
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,715	1,045	670	255	160	95
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	17,280	9,150	8,125	3,135	1,665	1,470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	95	100	60	10	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	17,085	9,060	8,025	3,075	1,660	1,415
0 Management occupations	1,555	1,040	510	280	150	125
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,340	650	1,685	455	160	295
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	725	545	180	160	125	30
3 Health occupations	1,380	260	1,125	130	10	115
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,070	555	1,520	305	65	235
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	315	140	175	90	50	45
6 Sales and service occupations	4,030	1,605	2,430	640	225	415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,870	2,800	70	665	620	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	550	455	90	65	50	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,255	1,010	250	285	195	90
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	17,280	9,150	8,125	3,135	1,665	1,470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	95	100	60	0	55
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	17,085	9,060	8,025	3,075	1,660	1,415
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	870	630	240	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	320	245	80	0	0	0
22 Utilities	120	90	30	25	15	0
23 Construction	1,115	995	120	385	330	55
31-33 Manufacturing	2,290	1,805	485	535	405	135
41 Wholesale trade	480	350	130	175	100	70
44-45 Retail trade	2,320	1,125	1,190	345	140	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	885	695	190	195	140	55
51 Information and cultural industries	190	110	75	40	20	20
52 Finance and insurance	360	110	250	50	10	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	85	50	50	10	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	595	270	325	170	75	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	525	340	185	130	80	50
61 Educational services	1,305	375	930	210	45	165
62 Health care and social assistance	2,385	420	1,960	235	20	220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	150	90	60	65	40	20
72 Accommodation and food services	1,455	495	960	160	50	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	880	440	440	125	60	65
91 Public administration	710	375	330	150	100	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	16,220	8,465	7,750	2,925	1,575	1,350
Worked at home	940	430	510	115	35	75
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	1,300	1,015	290	425	330	95
Worked at usual place	13,975	7,025	6,950	2,380	1,210	1,170
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,975	7,020	6,950	2,380	1,210	1,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,730	3,825	3,905	695	325	370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,630	2,315	2,310	180	60	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,565	835	725	1,495	820	680
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	10	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	15,280	8,035	7,245	2,810	1,540	1,270
Car, truck, van - as a driver	13,285	7,005	6,280	2,450	1,345	1,105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	675	340	335	175	110	65
Public transit	110	60	50	40	15	25
Walked	945	435	510	135	60	75
Bicycle	65	55	15	10	0	0
Other method	200	145	50	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	15,275	8,035	7,245	2,805	1,535	1,270
Less than 15 minutes	9,230	4,675	4,555	535	245	285
15 to 29 minutes	4,095	2,180	1,915	615	315	295
30 to 44 minutes	1,200	715	485	575	285	290
45 to 59 minutes	290	140	150	485	290	195
60 minutes and over	465	325	140	600	405	195
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	15,275	8,035	7,240	2,810	1,535	1,270
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	665	430	235	470	375	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,420	1,790	630	620	410	215
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,650	2,910	2,740	690	320	370
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,315	1,215	2,095	335	95	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,060	370	690	195	65	130
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,170	1,325	850	500	280	215
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	18,690	9,850	8,845	3,280	1,750	1,530
Single responses	18,430	9,720	8,705	3,275	1,745	1,520
Official languages	18,430	9,720	8,705	3,265	1,740	1,525
English	165	115	50	3,260	1,740	1,515
French	18,265	9,605	8,660	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	130	135	0	0	0
English and French	260	125	130	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	18,690	9,845	8,845	3,280	1,745	1,530
None	16,255	8,340	7,910	3,215	1,705	1,510
English	2,300	1,405	895	10	0	10
French	105	70	35	30	20	10
Non-official language	20	20	10	15	15	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	0	15	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	32,260	15,975	16,285	5,115	2,565	2,555
Non-movers	28,970	14,350	14,620	4,380	2,185	2,195
Movers	3,290	1,620	1,665	735	375	360
Non-migrants	1,665	845	825	175	95	80
Migrants	1,625	780	845	565	280	280
Internal migrants	1,610	765	845	560	285	280
Intraprovincial migrants	1,570	740	830	550	280	270
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	15	0	10
External migrants	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	30,860	15,310	15,550	4,830	2,435	2,395
Non-movers	21,565	10,705	10,860	3,025	1,530	1,495
Movers	9,305	4,605	4,695	1,805	905	900
Non-migrants	4,560	2,295	2,270	565	285	285
Migrants	4,740	2,315	2,425	1,245	625	620
Internal migrants	4,575	2,230	2,350	1,205	605	605
Intraprovincial migrants	4,485	2,180	2,300	1,150	570	575
Interprovincial migrants	95	45	50	65	35	30
External migrants	160	85	75	35	20	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Rivière-du-Loup, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rivière-du-Loup, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tottenham [Population centre], Ontario