Census Profile, 2016 Census
Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and St. Albert--Edmonton [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Charlevoix-Est, MRC Quebec [Census division]			St. Albert--Edmonton Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Albert--Edmonton [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	15,509	...	...	121,313	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	16,240	...	...	105,216^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-4.5	...	...	15.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,707	...	...	44,135	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,980	...	...	42,948	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.7	...	...	1,147.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,307.23	...	...	105.71	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	15,505	7,645	7,860	121,315	59,845	61,470
0 to 14 years	2,130	1,070	1,055	24,195	12,320	11,880
0 to 4 years	735	370	365	7,820	3,960	3,865
5 to 9 years	745	365	380	8,420	4,290	4,130
10 to 14 years	650	340	310	7,960	4,070	3,890
15 to 64 years	9,415	4,720	4,700	81,995	40,590	41,405
15 to 19 years	695	360	340	7,725	3,965	3,760
20 to 24 years	645	345	300	7,725	4,020	3,705
25 to 29 years	630	310	320	8,050	4,080	3,970
30 to 34 years	765	400	365	9,020	4,435	4,585
35 to 39 years	855	415	440	8,820	4,300	4,510
40 to 44 years	785	370	420	8,560	4,215	4,345
45 to 49 years	875	450	430	8,245	4,010	4,230
50 to 54 years	1,145	565	585	8,635	4,195	4,440
55 to 59 years	1,540	745	795	8,275	4,045	4,230
60 to 64 years	1,475	765	710	6,940	3,320	3,620
65 years and over	3,965	1,850	2,105	15,120	6,935	8,185
65 to 69 years	1,380	710	670	5,590	2,675	2,915
70 to 74 years	965	445	515	3,660	1,765	1,895
75 to 79 years	675	320	355	2,570	1,200	1,370
80 to 84 years	470	220	255	1,675	710	965
85 years and over	465	160	310	1,630	590	1,045
85 to 89 years	295	115	180	1,040	405	635
90 to 94 years	135	40	95	460	155	310
95 to 99 years	35	5	30	115	30	85
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	14.0	13.4	19.9	20.6	19.3
15 to 64 years	60.7	61.7	59.8	67.6	67.8	67.4
65 years and over	25.6	24.2	26.8	12.5	11.6	13.3
85 years and over	3.0	2.1	3.9	1.3	1.0	1.7
Average age of the population	47.0	46.2	47.7	37.7	37.0	38.5
Median age of the population	51.7	51.0	52.5	37.2	36.3	38.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,980	...	...	42,945	...	...
Single-detached house	4,970	...	...	29,520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	140	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,985	...	...	13,285	...	...
Semi-detached house	270	...	...	3,375	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	4,105	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	610	...	...	245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,050	...	...	5,555	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,980	...	...	42,950	...	...
1 person	2,205	...	...	7,755	...	...
2 persons	2,800	...	...	14,505	...	...
3 persons	980	...	...	7,850	...	...
4 persons	680	...	...	7,975	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	4,855	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,180	...	...	119,195	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	13,380	6,575	6,805	97,115	47,525	49,590
Married or living common law	8,205	4,105	4,100	60,535	30,370	30,165
Married	4,670	2,340	2,335	52,515	26,385	26,130
Living common law	3,535	1,770	1,765	8,020	3,985	4,035
Not married and not living common law	5,175	2,470	2,705	36,580	17,155	19,430
Never married	3,160	1,750	1,410	25,025	13,515	11,510
Separated	140	70	70	2,180	925	1,250
Divorced	855	420	435	5,440	1,975	3,470
Widowed	1,025	225	795	3,940	740	3,200
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,635	...	...	34,620	...	...
2 persons	2,810	...	...	15,445	...	...
3 persons	925	...	...	7,755	...	...
4 persons	645	...	...	7,800	...	...
5 or more persons	255	...	...	3,615	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,635	...	...	34,615	...	...
Total couple families	4,035	...	...	29,510	...	...
Married couples	2,265	...	...	25,505	...	...
Common-law couples	1,770	...	...	4,005	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	600	...	...	5,105	...	...
Female parent	435	...	...	3,985	...	...
Male parent	165	...	...	1,120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,035	...	...	29,515	...	...
Couples without children	2,400	...	...	12,480	...	...
Couples with children	1,635	...	...	17,030	...	...
1 child	775	...	...	6,210	...	...
2 children	615	...	...	7,360	...	...
3 or more children	250	...	...	3,460	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	600	...	...	5,105	...	...
1 child	410	...	...	2,960	...	...
2 children	150	...	...	1,550	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,860	1,335	1,520	14,325	6,860	7,465
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,980	...	...	42,945	...	...
One-census-family households	4,530	...	...	32,665	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,360	...	...	11,690	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,170	...	...	20,975	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	50	...	...	955	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,400	...	...	9,325	...	...
One-person households	2,205	...	...	7,755	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	195	...	...	1,575	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	15,295	7,555	7,735	119,520	58,860	60,655
English only	15	5	5	107,740	53,545	54,200
French only	12,810	6,160	6,650	105	45	60
English and French	2,455	1,380	1,075	10,250	4,720	5,530
Neither English nor French	15	15	5	1,420	555	865
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	15,295	7,555	7,735	119,515	58,860	60,655
English	80	40	35	114,920	56,740	58,180
French	15,190	7,500	7,695	2,715	1,340	1,375
English and French	15	10	5	505	250	250
Neither English nor French	20	10	0	1,380	530	850
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	85	45	35	2,970	1,465	1,500
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.6	0.5	2.5	2.5	2.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	15,295	7,560	7,735	119,520	58,860	60,660
Single responses	15,255	7,535	7,715	116,640	57,480	59,160
Official languages	15,180	7,500	7,685	92,915	46,295	46,625
English	75	45	35	90,105	44,895	45,205
French	15,105	7,450	7,650	2,815	1,395	1,420
Non-official languages	70	40	30	23,725	11,190	12,535
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	35	30	23,650	11,165	12,485
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	4,500	2,255	2,240
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	690	300	395
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oromo	0	0	0	60	25	35
Somali	0	0	0	605	260	345
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	3,785	1,940	1,840
Amharic	0	0	0	315	145	165
Arabic	5	5	5	3,170	1,650	1,520
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	230	105	120
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,255	565	690
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,170	530	645
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	3,295	1,410	1,885
Bikol	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	115	50	65
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	155	60	90
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	10	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	2,875	1,240	1,635
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages	5	0	5	55	25	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	35	30
Tamil	0	0	0	85	45	40
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	30	20	9,815	4,700	5,115
Albanian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Armenian	0	5	0	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,230	1,500	1,730
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slavic languages	5	0	5	3,205	1,490	1,715
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	90	35	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Croatian	0	0	0	225	120	105
Czech	0	0	0	100	50	55
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Polish	5	0	0	950	440	510
Russian	0	0	0	315	135	180
Serbian	0	0	0	245	120	125
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Slovak	0	0	0	60	25	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,085	490	590
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	5	5	5	1,530	695	825
Afrikaans	0	0	0	70	40	25
Danish	0	0	0	70	35	30
Dutch	0	0	0	405	190	215
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	5	5	0	930	400	530
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	80	45	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,290	1,145	1,140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,980	990	990
Bengali	0	0	0	50	25	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	105	50	50
Hindi	0	0	0	480	235	245
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	10
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	110	55	60
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	750	380	370
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	100	55	45
Urdu	0	0	0	325	155	165
Iranian languages	0	0	0	285	150	140
Kurdish	0	0	0	50	35	20
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	220	105	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	15	2,640	1,290	1,345
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	705	355	350
Portuguese	5	0	5	495	225	275
Romanian	0	0	0	260	125	130
Spanish	25	20	10	1,180	585	595
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	15	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	445	205	240
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	65	35	35
Shona	0	0	0	30	15	20
Swahili	0	0	0	70	25	45
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	105	45	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Dinka	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sign languages	5	5	5	30	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,295	1,530	1,765
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,280	1,525	1,760
Cantonese	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Hakka	0	0	0	115	60	55
Mandarin	0	0	0	810	345	465
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	155	80	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	135	65	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	85	30	60
Lao	0	0	0	25	20	10
Thai	0	0	5	55	10	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	310	160	150
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	255	130	130
Uyghur	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	140	65	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple responses	45	25	20	2,880	1,380	1,500
English and French	30	20	15	400	190	205
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,345	1,130	1,215
French and non-official language	10	5	5	85	35	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	15,295	7,560	7,735	119,520	58,860	60,655
Single responses	15,245	7,535	7,705	113,630	56,050	57,575
Official languages	15,220	7,520	7,700	101,690	50,340	51,350
English	60	30	30	100,690	49,865	50,825
French	15,155	7,495	7,660	1,000	470	525
Non-official languages	25	20	10	11,935	5,715	6,225
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	5	11,935	5,715	6,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	2,850	1,375	1,480
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	520	235	285
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	50	25	25
Somali	0	0	0	450	205	245
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,310	1,130	1,185
Amharic	0	0	0	215	90	125
Arabic	5	0	0	1,910	950	960
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	155	70	85
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	815	380	435
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	785	365	420
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,665	775	890
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	25	25
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,550	725	825
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	55	30	20
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	5	3,840	1,890	1,945
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,195	565	625
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,180	560	620
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Czech	0	0	0	35	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	405	200	210
Russian	0	0	0	175	80	90
Serbian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	245	115	130
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	180	95	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	30	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	95	40	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,370	685	680
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,220	615	605
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hindi	0	0	0	275	135	140
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	60	30	30
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	495	250	235
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	80	45	35
Urdu	0	0	0	225	110	110
Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	105	45	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	1,040	515	520
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	140	65	75
Portuguese	0	0	0	145	65	75
Romanian	0	0	0	140	70	75
Spanish	15	10	5	605	315	300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	65	30	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	180	85	95
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Shona	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swahili	0	0	0	45	15	25
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages	10	0	5	40	25	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	30	20	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,020	925	1,095
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,005	920	1,085
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,255	580	675
Hakka	0	0	0	50	30	25
Mandarin	0	0	0	560	250	310
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	30	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	220	120	105
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	185	100	90
Uyghur	0	0	0	20	15	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Multiple responses	50	20	30	5,895	2,810	3,085
English and French	30	15	10	250	115	130
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5,515	2,635	2,880
French and non-official language	20	5	20	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	110	50	60
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	15,295	7,555	7,740	119,515	58,860	60,655
None	14,980	7,385	7,600	103,540	51,400	52,140
English	230	130	100	5,885	2,855	3,025
French	35	20	20	1,565	710	855
Non-official language	40	25	15	8,295	3,785	4,510
Aboriginal	0	0	0	80	30	50
Non-Aboriginal	35	20	15	8,215	3,750	4,460
English and French	0	0	0	50	25	20
English and non-official language	5	0	5	95	45	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	90	40	45
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,055	6,430	6,620	95,005	46,420	48,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,825	6,335	6,490	90,770	44,345	46,430
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,110	37,279	23,446	48,649	63,148	37,787
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,830	6,340	6,490	90,800	44,350	46,450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,284	32,690	21,988	42,481	53,264	33,956
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,000	5,725	5,275	85,790	43,010	42,785
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,204	31,883	19,544	47,381	61,912	35,950
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,550	5,055	5,495	51,775	19,450	32,325
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,939	9,901	9,967	4,237	4,592	4,110
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,635	4,585	4,050	74,530	38,295	36,235
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,342	31,140	21,143	48,737	62,610	38,025
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	13,055	6,410	6,645	95,060	46,545	48,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,830	6,310	6,520	90,755	44,375	46,375
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,968	43,089	29,077	64,420	82,844	46,790
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,830	6,310	6,520	90,775	44,375	46,400
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,569	35,907	25,403	52,311	65,708	39,499
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,945	5,725	5,215	85,705	43,005	42,700
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,210	38,663	25,126	63,821	82,088	45,422
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,555	5,015	5,540	51,485	19,210	32,280
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,324	10,061	10,562	7,310	7,595	7,140
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,635	4,620	4,015	74,530	38,425	36,110
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,125	36,870	26,665	61,095	76,235	44,983
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	13,055	6,405	6,645	95,060	46,545	48,515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,245	1,775	1,470	36,120	20,750	15,370
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,481	46,607	34,476	71,050	82,008	59,666
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,380	51,937	39,655	83,460	96,243	66,206
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	76.4	81.0	69.7	93.5	96.0	89.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.3	61.1	56.8	78.3	80.4	75.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.6	19.0	30.3	6.5	4.0	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	13,050	6,430	6,625	95,005	46,420	48,585
Without total income	230	90	135	4,235	2,080	2,155
With total income	12,825	6,335	6,490	90,775	44,345	46,430
Percentage with total income	98.3	98.5	98.0	95.5	95.5	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,380	445	940	10,685	3,800	6,885
$10,000 to $19,999	2,755	995	1,760	10,270	3,600	6,670
$20,000 to $29,999	2,255	950	1,305	9,145	3,250	5,890
$30,000 to $39,999	2,000	1,080	920	8,040	3,235	4,805
$40,000 to $49,999	1,680	970	715	8,305	3,480	4,820
$50,000 to $59,999	990	625	365	7,760	3,600	4,165
$60,000 to $69,999	575	410	170	6,905	3,525	3,375
$70,000 to $79,999	380	250	130	5,725	3,275	2,455
$80,000 to $89,999	285	195	90	4,635	2,800	1,835
$90,000 to $99,999	180	140	35	4,265	2,515	1,750
$100,000 and over	335	275	65	15,035	11,260	3,780
$100,000 to $149,999	235	195	45	10,055	7,170	2,885
$150,000 and over	100	80	20	4,980	4,085	895
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,050	6,430	6,625	95,005	46,420	48,585
Without after-tax income	225	90	130	4,205	2,075	2,130
With after-tax income	12,830	6,340	6,495	90,800	44,345	46,455
Percentage with after-tax income	98.3	98.6	98.0	95.6	95.5	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,470	450	1,020	11,000	3,845	7,155
$10,000 to $19,999	2,895	1,065	1,830	10,800	3,800	6,995
$20,000 to $29,999	2,825	1,280	1,545	10,655	3,890	6,770
$30,000 to $39,999	2,455	1,395	1,060	10,250	4,230	6,020
$40,000 to $49,999	1,490	940	555	10,605	4,780	5,825
$50,000 to $59,999	760	520	235	9,320	4,900	4,425
$60,000 to $69,999	425	290	135	7,100	4,120	2,975
$70,000 to $79,999	235	175	60	5,870	3,550	2,315
$80,000 and over	275	225	55	15,205	11,235	3,975
$80,000 to $89,999	85	65	20	4,485	2,920	1,565
$90,000 to $99,999	55	50	5	3,115	2,245	870
$100,000 and over	135	110	30	7,615	6,070	1,540
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	13,055	6,430	6,620	95,005	46,420	48,585
Without employment income	4,420	1,845	2,575	20,475	8,125	12,350
With employment income	8,635	4,590	4,050	74,535	38,295	36,235
Percentage with employment income	66.1	71.4	61.2	78.5	82.5	74.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,260	675	585	7,585	3,325	4,255
$5,000 to $9,999	735	305	430	4,665	1,885	2,780
$10,000 to $19,999	1,540	625	920	7,590	2,980	4,610
$20,000 to $29,999	1,325	610	710	6,095	2,415	3,680
$30,000 to $39,999	1,140	605	540	5,880	2,400	3,480
$40,000 to $49,999	920	550	375	6,210	2,600	3,615
$50,000 to $59,999	555	375	175	6,160	2,775	3,385
$60,000 to $69,999	360	265	100	5,440	2,765	2,675
$70,000 to $79,999	290	180	105	4,610	2,715	1,895
$80,000 and over	510	400	110	20,295	14,430	5,865
$80,000 to $89,999	185	140	45	3,985	2,480	1,500
$90,000 to $99,999	115	95	15	3,855	2,310	1,550
$100,000 and over	205	160	45	12,450	9,640	2,810
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,980	...	...	42,950	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,727	...	...	111,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,203	...	...	93,722	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,205	...	...	7,755	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,416	...	...	58,033	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,699	...	...	48,592	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,775	...	...	35,195	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,902	...	...	125,705	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,684	...	...	105,242	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,980	...	...	42,925	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,106	...	...	136,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,183	...	...	110,616	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,205	...	...	7,735	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,395	...	...	69,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,673	...	...	56,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,775	...	...	35,195	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,759	...	...	150,769	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,433	...	...	122,513	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,980	...	...	42,950	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	310	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	80	...	...	220	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	285	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	485	...	...	460	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	380	...	...	780	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	345	...	...	730	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	460	...	...	810	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	400	...	...	990	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	385	...	...	1,045	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	1,055	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	655	...	...	2,300	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	590	...	...	2,440	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	2,490	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	2,380	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	345	...	...	2,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,315	...	...	24,230	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	645	...	...	5,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	330	...	...	4,900	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	240	...	...	6,885	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	6,630	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,980	...	...	42,950	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	340	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	225	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	295	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	510	...	...	500	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	435	...	...	840	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	435	...	...	835	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	495	...	...	975	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	500	...	...	1,275	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	415	...	...	1,310	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	455	...	...	1,390	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	780	...	...	3,050	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	660	...	...	3,040	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	525	...	...	3,155	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	420	...	...	3,095	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	320	...	...	3,020	...	...
$100,000 and over	725	...	...	19,595	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	6,530	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	4,905	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	8,160	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,670	...	...	34,165	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,936	...	...	124,229	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,632	...	...	103,949	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,300	...	...	11,435	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,098	...	...	112,913	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,571	...	...	94,519	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,640	...	...	17,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,209	...	...	148,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,339	...	...	122,891	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	575	...	...	4,690	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,176	...	...	73,798	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,751	...	...	65,160	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,685	...	...	34,150	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,637	...	...	149,999	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,277	...	...	121,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,295	...	...	11,380	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,418	...	...	144,222	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,759	...	...	115,913	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,635	...	...	17,185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,758	...	...	171,821	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,409	...	...	139,071	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...	4,675	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,911	...	...	86,775	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,574	...	...	74,096	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,525	1,195	1,330	11,670	5,685	5,985
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,536	30,656	22,265	52,604	60,608	46,336
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,114	27,666	21,801	44,776	50,489	40,212
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,485	1,180	1,305	11,585	5,565	6,020
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,684	37,404	30,319	62,415	70,803	54,662
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,109	31,265	27,159	50,954	56,416	45,906
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	15,180	7,500	7,680	119,195	58,735	60,460
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,660	4,640	5,020	35,075	16,240	18,835
In the bottom decile	935	435	495	5,765	2,680	3,085
In the second decile	2,005	845	1,155	5,815	2,510	3,305
In the third decile	2,195	1,075	1,120	6,805	3,140	3,665
In the fourth decile	2,280	1,155	1,130	7,615	3,585	4,035
In the fifth decile	2,245	1,130	1,115	9,070	4,325	4,745
In the top half of the distribution	5,520	2,860	2,660	84,125	42,495	41,625
In the sixth decile	1,920	995	920	10,855	5,235	5,620
In the seventh decile	1,510	785	725	12,770	6,350	6,415
In the eighth decile	1,090	560	535	15,760	7,975	7,780
In the ninth decile	665	345	320	20,000	10,125	9,875
In the top decile	340	180	165	24,750	12,810	11,935
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	15,180	7,500	7,675	119,195	58,735	60,460
0 to 17 years	2,535	1,285	1,250	28,820	14,665	14,160
0 to 5 years	880	435	445	9,380	4,740	4,640
18 to 64 years	8,915	4,450	4,465	76,570	37,570	39,000
65 years and over	3,735	1,770	1,965	13,805	6,505	7,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,030	850	1,175	8,095	3,645	4,445
0 to 17 years	235	100	130	3,240	1,630	1,615
0 to 5 years	80	35	45	1,185	605	580
18 to 64 years	890	430	455	4,275	1,835	2,440
65 years and over	905	315	585	575	185	390
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.4	11.3	15.3	6.8	6.2	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	7.8	10.4	11.2	11.1	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	8.0	10.1	12.6	12.8	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	9.7	10.2	5.6	4.9	6.3
65 years and over (%)	24.2	17.8	29.8	4.2	2.8	5.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	500	250	255	6,740	3,110	3,635
0 to 17 years	55	25	30	2,515	1,260	1,255
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	925	470	455
18 to 64 years	400	210	190	3,915	1,740	2,175
65 years and over	45	15	35	315	110	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.3	5.7	5.3	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	1.9	2.4	8.7	8.6	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	1.7	2.3	1.1	9.9	9.9	9.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	4.7	4.3	5.1	4.6	5.6
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.8	1.8	2.3	1.7	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	15,180	7,500	7,680	119,195	58,845	60,350
Official languages	15,160	7,485	7,675	117,875	58,350	59,520
English	2,445	1,355	1,090	117,730	58,290	59,445
French	15,150	7,480	7,675	10,405	4,830	5,570
Non-official languages	265	125	140	30,840	14,510	16,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	255	100	150
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	210	85	125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	200	80	115
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	85	45	50
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	35	65
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	0	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	20	0	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	260	125	135	30,590	14,405	16,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	6,900	3,395	3,505
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	930	415	515
Bilen	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oromo	0	0	0	40	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	860	375	485
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	6,030	3,015	3,015
Amharic	0	0	0	485	220	265
Arabic	10	0	10	5,265	2,670	2,595
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	20	25
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	330	150	185
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,615	760	855
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	190	90	100
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,430	675	755
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	4,155	1,740	2,420
Bikol	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	190	70	125
Fijian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	55	30	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	165	55	110
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	115	35	85
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	3,900	1,640	2,260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	25	35
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	255	140	110
Kannada	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malayalam	0	0	0	135	65	60
Tamil	0	0	0	105	60	40
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	220	110	115	12,750	6,045	6,705
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,645	1,725	1,920
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,610	1,710	1,900
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	140	40	100
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Croatian	0	0	0	340	185	155
Czech	0	0	0	105	40	60
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	1,205	590	615
Russian	0	0	0	590	270	315
Serbian	0	0	0	250	120	135
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	55	30	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	20	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,235	555	685
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	15	0	15	2,010	1,015	990
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	75	50
Danish	0	0	0	65	25	40
Dutch	0	0	0	475	240	235
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	15	1,305	670	630
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Swedish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	160	95	65
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,930	1,435	1,495
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,530	1,235	1,300
Bengali	0	0	0	55	25	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	120	50	75
Hindi	0	0	0	955	470	490
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	65	35	35
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,055	530	525
Sindhi	0	0	0	65	30	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	135	70	65
Urdu	0	0	0	520	240	285
Iranian languages	0	0	0	415	210	205
Kurdish	0	0	0	70	45	20
Pashto	0	0	0	50	30	20
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	295	135	160
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages	215	110	105	4,335	1,930	2,410
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	0	1,080	530	545
Portuguese	10	0	10	740	315	425
Romanian	10	0	0	305	135	165
Spanish	205	110	100	2,315	1,010	1,305
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Japanese	0	0	0	165	80	90
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	160	65	95
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	730	350	370
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	45	15	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	45	25	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	15	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	15	15	0
Lingala	0	0	0	30	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	140	75	60
Shona	0	0	0	65	35	30
Swahili	0	0	0	195	80	115
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	120	60	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	75	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	70	20	45
Dinka	0	0	0	55	15	40
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	235	105	130
American Sign Language	0	0	0	160	55	105
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	75	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,585	1,725	1,855
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,575	1,720	1,855
Cantonese	0	0	0	2,345	1,160	1,190
Hakka	0	0	0	125	55	75
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,405	615	790
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	180	80	100
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	130	45	85
Lao	0	0	0	65	30	30
Thai	0	0	0	100	25	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	455	260	195
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	365	210	155
Uyghur	0	0	0	70	40	30
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	160	80	75
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	150	75	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	15,180	7,505	7,675	119,195	58,845	60,350
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	15,115	7,475	7,635	111,195	55,075	56,120
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,545	1,315	1,230	27,215	13,950	13,265
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,565	6,160	6,405	83,980	41,125	42,855
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	65	25	40	8,000	3,775	4,225
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	15,180	7,505	7,680	119,195	58,845	60,350
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	14,995	7,415	7,580	93,640	46,645	46,995
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	175	80	95	24,225	11,575	12,650
Before 1981	40	10	30	6,105	3,110	2,990
1981 to 1990	25	10	20	3,435	1,665	1,770
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	3,955	1,830	2,125
2001 to 2010	80	45	35	5,825	2,655	3,165
2001 to 2005	40	25	15	2,265	1,020	1,245
2006 to 2010	40	20	20	3,560	1,635	1,920
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	15	0	4,905	2,315	2,595
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	10	1,330	625	705
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	175	85	90	24,225	11,575	12,650
Under 5 years	55	20	35	2,420	1,245	1,175
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	4,555	2,290	2,260
15 to 24 years	15	10	10	5,555	2,495	3,065
25 to 44 years	100	45	50	10,165	4,855	5,310
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,535	690	840
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	175	85	90	24,225	11,575	12,650
Americas	25	10	15	2,225	970	1,255
Brazil	0	0	0	85	50	40
Colombia	0	0	0	160	70	85
El Salvador	0	0	0	255	120	135
Guyana	0	0	0	95	35	60
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	250	100	145
Mexico	10	0	0	160	65	90
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	100	45	55
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	665	270	390
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	445	200	245
Europe	125	65	60	6,695	3,340	3,360
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	190	75	115
Croatia	0	0	0	205	110	95
France	50	40	15	105	20	80
Germany	10	0	10	605	295	310
Greece	0	0	0	55	25	25
Hungary	0	0	0	115	60	55
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	260	120	145
Italy	0	0	0	475	255	220
Netherlands	0	0	0	340	190	150
Poland	0	0	0	765	390	375
Portugal	0	0	0	320	160	170
Romania	10	10	10	175	75	100
Russian Federation	0	0	0	155	65	95
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	100	45	55
Ukraine	20	10	10	275	125	145
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	1,925	1,055	875
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	25	620	270	350
Africa	10	10	10	2,915	1,400	1,515
Algeria	10	10	0	30	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	150	85	70
Ethiopia	0	0	0	405	200	210
Kenya	0	0	0	105	30	70
Morocco	0	0	10	35	25	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	240	140	100
Somalia	0	0	0	480	215	265
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	180	85	90
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	1,295	600	690
Asia	20	10	15	11,930	5,630	6,300
Afghanistan	0	0	0	70	30	40
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	965	435	530
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	445	235	210
India	0	0	0	1,030	540	495
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	170	80	90
Iraq	0	0	0	375	185	190
Japan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Lebanon	0	0	0	1,165	620	540
Pakistan	0	0	0	330	160	170
Philippines	10	0	0	3,575	1,545	2,025
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	155	75	80
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	280	155	125
Taiwan	0	0	0	90	45	45
Viet Nam	0	0	0	1,200	555	645
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	1,885	890	1,005
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	460	235	225
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	15	0	4,910	2,310	2,595
Americas	0	10	0	380	145	235
Brazil	0	0	0	35	20	15
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	20	10	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	15	20
Mexico	0	0	0	65	25	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	140	50	95
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	15	15
Europe	10	10	10	705	375	330
France	10	10	0	0	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	30	15	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	85	40	40
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Romania	0	0	0	20	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	70	45	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	220	130	90
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	215	100	115
Africa	0	0	0	850	435	410
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	50	20	30
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	40	25	15
Egypt	0	0	0	35	20	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	65	35	35
Ethiopia	0	0	0	85	35	50
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	140	80	65
Somalia	0	0	0	105	50	55
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	255	135	120
Asia	0	0	0	2,895	1,305	1,595
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	165	65	95
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	325	160	160
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	160	75	90
Israel	0	0	0	20	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	175	70	105
Nepal	0	0	0	25	15	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Philippines	0	0	0	1,480	650	830
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	60	30	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	175	90	85
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	40	30	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	10	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	100	55	50
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	80	65	25
Australia	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	55	40	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	15,180	7,505	7,680	119,195	58,845	60,350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	195	95	100	26,230	12,525	13,705
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	195	105	95	25,365	12,685	12,680
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,785	7,300	7,480	67,595	33,635	33,960
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	145	75	65	18,670	8,770	9,905
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	75	50	25	8,890	4,405	4,485
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	35	30	10	3,485	2,055	1,430
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	40	20	25	5,405	2,355	3,055
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	60	25	35	5,825	2,340	3,490
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	3,885	1,995	1,895
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	15,180	7,505	7,680	119,195	58,845	60,350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	495	270	220	5,215	2,370	2,845
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	450	245	205	5,105	2,340	2,765
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	125	75	50	1,805	770	1,030
Métis	320	170	150	3,245	1,545	1,700
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	60	20	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	10	70	15	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	15	10	40	15	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,685	7,230	7,455	113,985	56,475	57,505
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	15,180	7,500	7,680	119,200	58,845	60,350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	155	90	60	1,500	610	890
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,030	7,415	7,615	117,695	58,240	59,460
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	15,180	7,500	7,675	119,195	58,845	60,350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	230	115	110	895	355	535
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	220	110	105	870	350	525
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	115	65	45	570	205	365
Métis single ancestry	105	45	60	300	145	155
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	315	175	140	5,570	2,680	2,885
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	290	165	125	5,305	2,575	2,730
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	90	70	2,630	1,300	1,330
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	70	55	2,600	1,250	1,350
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	80	25	50
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	15	260	105	155
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	245	95	150
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,635	7,210	7,425	112,735	55,810	56,925
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	15,180	7,500	7,680	119,195	58,845	60,350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	90	35	50	28,220	13,615	14,605
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	3,705	1,825	1,880
Chinese	0	0	0	4,050	1,945	2,105
Black	30	15	15	4,870	2,395	2,480
Filipino	15	10	10	4,770	2,165	2,605
Latin American	20	10	10	1,185	570	610
Arab	10	0	10	5,140	2,590	2,555
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	0	2,185	1,000	1,180
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	460	250	210
Korean	0	0	0	215	100	110
Japanese	0	0	0	160	60	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	10	310	145	160
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	1,175	555	615
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	15,090	7,465	7,630	90,975	45,230	45,745
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	15,180	7,500	7,680	119,195	58,845	60,350
North American Aboriginal origins	545	290	250	6,460	3,035	3,425
First Nations (North American Indian)	315	170	135	3,480	1,615	1,865
Inuit	0	10	0	100	30	65
Métis	265	130	130	3,165	1,500	1,670
Other North American origins	12,965	6,350	6,610	27,495	13,705	13,790
Acadian	25	20	10	180	95	85
American	20	15	10	1,985	955	1,030
Canadian	12,670	6,200	6,470	26,050	12,990	13,060
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	65	35	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	355	165	190	60	45	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	10
European origins	3,690	1,900	1,790	81,010	40,060	40,955
British Isles origins	640	320	320	47,530	23,310	24,220
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	100	55	45	25,845	12,595	13,255
Irish	360	175	180	18,775	8,975	9,800
Manx	0	0	0	25	0	20
Scottish	225	110	120	21,210	10,610	10,605
Welsh	0	0	0	2,590	1,310	1,280
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,790	1,410	1,385
French origins	3,115	1,625	1,490	15,490	7,595	7,900
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	20	10	10
French	3,115	1,625	1,490	15,460	7,575	7,885
Western European origins (except French origins)	195	80	115	25,440	12,440	12,990
Austrian	0	0	0	1,260	660	600
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	0	25	885	405	480
Dutch	0	0	0	5,360	2,650	2,710
Flemish	0	0	0	70	25	45
Frisian	0	0	0	25	20	0
German	115	60	60	19,495	9,480	10,015
Luxembourger	0	0	0	25	20	10
Swiss	45	15	30	535	250	295
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	20	10	10	8,875	4,115	4,755
Danish	15	10	10	1,535	725	805
Finnish	0	0	0	455	200	255
Icelandic	0	0	0	500	285	220
Norwegian	10	0	0	3,850	1,755	2,100
Swedish	0	0	0	2,870	1,255	1,615
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	490	230	255
Eastern European origins	45	35	10	26,355	12,845	13,505
Bulgarian	20	20	0	150	70	75
Byelorussian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Czech	0	0	0	610	325	285
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	345	195	150
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,450	765	685
Latvian	0	0	0	70	20	45
Lithuanian	0	0	0	240	125	120
Moldovan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Polish	0	0	0	7,420	3,620	3,805
Romanian	25	20	10	1,150	605	540
Russian	0	0	0	2,305	1,080	1,225
Slovak	0	0	0	325	135	190
Ukrainian	20	10	0	17,360	8,395	8,965
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Southern European origins	135	60	80	8,740	4,435	4,300
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	600	325	270
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	550	300	250
Italian	40	10	30	4,390	2,300	2,090
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maltese	0	0	0	70	40	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	20	45	1,335	685	640
Serbian	0	0	0	375	195	180
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	75	30	40
Spanish	30	20	0	1,385	595	795
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	210	95	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	15	15	10	440	235	210
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	220	110	105
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	10	200	105	90
Caribbean origins	30	10	20	1,185	540	645
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	130	60	70
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	665	295	370
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	130	60	75
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	10	20
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	90	35	55
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	15	10	1,755	845	905
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	65	25	45
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Chilean	0	0	0	300	165	130
Colombian	0	0	0	215	90	125
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	120	70	55
Hispanic	0	0	0	75	25	55
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexican	15	10	10	375	175	195
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	325	155	170
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	100	45	55
African origins	25	10	10	5,385	2,615	2,765
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	850	465	385
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	190	90	100
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	0	10
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Guinean	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Liberian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	325	190	140
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	45	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	70	40	25
North African origins	20	10	10	1,005	480	530
Algerian	0	0	0	45	15	35
Berber	15	10	10	25	20	0
Coptic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Egyptian	0	0	0	230	115	115
Libyan	0	0	0	190	100	100
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	10	75	30	45
Sudanese	0	0	0	330	155	170
Tunisian	0	0	0	60	15	40
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	2,835	1,345	1,490
Afrikaner	0	0	0	25	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	40	10	30
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Burundian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Djiboutian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	355	175	185
Ethiopian	0	0	0	600	275	325
Harari	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenyan	0	0	0	70	30	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	65	20	50
Rwandan	0	0	0	95	45	55
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	1,230	625	610
South African	0	0	0	180	90	95
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	45	20	30
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	45	30	15
Zulu	0	0	0	30	0	20
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Other African origins	0	0	0	775	370	405
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	715	340	370
Asian origins	60	20	35	22,545	10,875	11,670
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	10	15	6,645	3,400	3,245
Afghan	0	0	0	125	60	65
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	15	10	695	395	300
Armenian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	280	145	135
Iraqi	0	0	0	370	185	190
Israeli	0	0	0	45	20	30
Jordanian	0	0	0	135	60	75
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	100	60	45
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	3,405	1,720	1,685
Palestinian	0	0	0	695	350	345
Pashtun	0	0	0	25	0	20
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syrian	0	0	0	500	265	235
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	10	0	10	445	270	180
Turkmen	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uighur	0	0	0	30	25	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	75	35	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	145	80	70
South Asian origins	10	0	0	3,745	1,870	1,875
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	55	20	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	2,825	1,415	1,415
Goan	0	0	0	35	25	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	70	30	40
Pakistani	0	0	0	480	240	245
Punjabi	0	0	0	225	105	115
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	215	120	95
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	45	10	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	20	10	15	12,320	5,720	6,595
Burmese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	265	130	135
Chinese	0	0	0	5,250	2,485	2,760
Filipino	10	0	10	5,205	2,355	2,850
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Japanese	0	0	0	245	100	140
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	240	105	130
Laotian	0	0	0	90	45	40
Malaysian	0	0	0	150	60	90
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwanese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Thai	0	0	10	85	20	65
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,745	845	900
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	510	275	225
Australian	0	0	0	220	130	90
New Zealander	0	0	0	85	45	40
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	225	120	110
Fijian	0	0	0	170	95	80
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
Owner	5,235	...	...	35,280	...	...
Renter	1,745	...	...	7,650	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
Condominium	300	...	...	8,760	...	...
Not condominium	6,680	...	...	34,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	645	...	...	1,585	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,005	...	...	6,865	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,585	...	...	16,910	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,720	...	...	17,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,665	...	...	6,550	...	...
5 rooms	1,340	...	...	5,950	...	...
6 rooms	1,085	...	...	6,550	...	...
7 rooms	960	...	...	6,340	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,930	...	...	17,540	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,960	...	...	42,230	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,980	...	...	42,925	...	...
Suitable	6,885	...	...	41,515	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...	1,415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
1960 or before	2,395	...	...	960	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,275	...	...	13,460	...	...
1981 to 1990	800	...	...	5,555	...	...
1991 to 2000	600	...	...	7,095	...	...
2001 to 2005	245	...	...	5,665	...	...
2006 to 2010	385	...	...	4,445	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	285	...	...	5,745	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	6,520	...	...	41,205	...	...
Major repairs needed	460	...	...	1,720	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,980	...	...	42,930	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,585	...	...	21,990	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,350	...	...	19,550	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45	...	...	1,380	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,980	...	...	42,925	...	...
15 to 24 years	150	...	...	920	...	...
25 to 34 years	695	...	...	6,790	...	...
35 to 44 years	825	...	...	8,835	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,140	...	...	9,510	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,695	...	...	8,505	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,380	...	...	5,270	...	...
75 to 84 years	790	...	...	2,495	...	...
85 years and over	305	...	...	605	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,925	...	...	42,835	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,895	...	...	35,165	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,030	...	...	7,670	...	...
30% to less than 100%	930	...	...	6,840	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,195	...	...	35,280	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.9	...	...	65.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.7	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	704	...	...	1,637	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	825	...	...	1,633	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,519	...	...	400,940	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	178,050	...	...	429,140	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,745	...	...	7,645	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.6	...	...	9.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.8	...	...	38.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	563	...	...	1,490	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	598	...	...	1,494	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	13,055	6,410	6,650	95,060	46,545	48,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,480	1,595	1,890	13,695	6,960	6,730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,180	1,450	1,725	27,120	13,130	13,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,395	3,365	3,030	54,245	26,455	27,795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,005	1,875	1,135	9,210	7,390	1,825
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,230	1,255	975	2,495	1,465	1,030
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	780	615	165	6,720	5,925	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,840	810	1,025	20,720	8,525	12,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	390	155	235	3,045	1,185	1,865
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,165	530	635	21,270	9,355	11,915
Bachelor's degree	850	355	495	15,950	6,650	9,295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	40	1,250	560	695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10	560	340	225
Master's degree	190	105	85	3,080	1,525	1,555
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	25	0	425	280	150
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,995	4,050	3,945	66,000	32,105	33,895
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,410	685	720	5,670	2,925	2,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,845	920	925	16,525	8,005	8,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,740	2,450	2,290	43,800	21,180	22,625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,360	1,430	930	7,105	5,790	1,315
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,765	955	810	1,780	1,070	710
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	595	475	120	5,325	4,720	605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,320	580	740	16,695	6,900	9,795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	95	140	2,295	905	1,385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	825	345	480	17,725	7,590	10,135
Bachelor's degree	600	230	360	13,420	5,545	7,875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	15	20	930	410	520
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	10	465	255	210
Master's degree	150	75	75	2,600	1,195	1,400
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	0	310	180	125
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	13,055	6,410	6,650	95,060	46,545	48,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,655	3,040	3,615	40,815	20,095	20,720
Education	525	150	375	4,765	1,210	3,560
13. Education	525	150	375	4,765	1,205	3,560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	55	85	1,400	615	785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	265	195	70
50. Visual and performing arts	115	35	80	1,130	420	715
Humanities	180	65	115	1,725	690	1,035
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	20	150	25	125
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	395	105	290
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	35	45	555	195	360
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	110	65	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	240	125	115
54. History	10	10	0	215	145	65
55. French language and literature/letters	55	10	40	50	25	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	430	135	295	4,845	1,565	3,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	35	470	215	250
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	20	145	905	55	845
22. Legal professions and studies	65	35	35	930	290	640
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	10	55	15	40
42. Psychology	40	0	35	955	270	680
45. Social sciences	85	50	30	1,490	700	790
Business, management and public administration	1,285	350	930	11,530	4,525	7,005
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	15	55	555	100	455
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,205	335	875	10,965	4,425	6,540
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	50	45	1,840	905	935
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	655	245	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	500	240	260
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	15	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	35	30	0	505	335	170
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	170	80	95
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	55	30	1,810	1,130	680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	55	25	1,490	1,025	460
25. Library science	10	0	0	140	0	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	165	95	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,715	1,660	60	13,415	12,250	1,160
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	425	275	150
14. Engineering	90	85	0	2,440	2,030	410
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	225	220	10	2,830	2,475	355
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	510	495	10	3,440	3,340	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570	565	10	2,820	2,715	105
48. Precision production	305	290	20	1,450	1,410	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	260	230	30	770	470	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	35	15	405	215	185
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	195	20	370	250	115
Health and related fields	840	190	650	9,205	1,590	7,615
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	30	10	595	280	320
51. Health professions and related programs	810	165	645	8,480	1,245	7,235
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	130	70	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	835	420	415	2,935	1,500	1,440
12. Personal and culinary services	540	160	380	1,610	440	1,165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	50	0
43. Security and protective services	85	60	30	755	515	235
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	205	10	520	480	45
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,995	4,055	3,945	66,000	32,105	33,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,255	1,605	1,650	22,195	10,930	11,270
Education	270	70	200	3,625	905	2,715
13. Education	270	70	205	3,625	910	2,715
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	35	70	1,080	465	610
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	15	0	185	140	50
50. Visual and performing arts	95	25	75	895	335	565
Humanities	105	40	65	1,405	565	835
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	130	25	100
23. English language and literature/letters	0	10	0	305	85	220
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	15	25	485	175	305
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	55	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	10	165	90	75
54. History	10	0	0	185	120	70
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	20	40	15	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	75	220	4,130	1,295	2,835
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	370	170	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	10	115	755	45	715
22. Legal professions and studies	35	20	10	820	230	590
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	45	15	35
42. Psychology	30	0	25	830	245	580
45. Social sciences	65	30	30	1,265	590	680
Business, management and public administration	1,050	260	790	9,575	3,750	5,825
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	50	480	85	395
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,000	260	745	9,085	3,670	5,420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	30	15	1,425	680	745
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	520	200	325
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	400	200	200
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	375	230	145
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	120	50	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	50	30	1,520	940	580
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	50	25	1,305	900	405
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	0	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	105	40	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,265	1,230	35	10,760	9,740	1,020
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	360	235	125
14. Engineering	55	50	10	2,045	1,665	375
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	175	165	10	2,270	1,960	310
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	390	385	10	2,775	2,685	90
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	415	410	10	2,200	2,110	90
48. Precision production	225	215	10	1,115	1,085	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	175	30	565	330	235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	275	140	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	150	20	290	190	95
Health and related fields	645	150	490	7,355	1,265	6,100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	25	10	520	235	285
51. Health professions and related programs	615	125	485	6,725	970	5,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	60	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	675	335	340	2,355	1,230	1,120
12. Personal and culinary services	440	130	305	1,265	375	890
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	35	35	0
43. Security and protective services	85	50	35	655	445	210
49. Transportation and materials moving	155	150	10	405	385	20
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	13,050	6,410	6,645	95,060	46,545	48,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,660	3,045	3,620	40,815	20,090	20,720
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,395	3,365	3,030	54,245	26,450	27,795
Location of study inside Canada	6,295	3,320	2,980	45,910	22,440	23,465
Same as province or territory of residence	6,225	3,280	2,945	36,560	17,785	18,775
Different than province or territory of residence	70	40	35	9,345	4,655	4,695
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	100	45	50	8,335	4,010	4,325
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	1,085	595	485
Philippines	0	0	0	2,050	785	1,260
India	0	0	0	455	220	235
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	810	440	370
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	175	55	120
France	50	30	25	55	30	20
Other	25	10	20	3,715	1,880	1,830
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,000	4,055	3,945	66,000	32,105	33,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,260	1,605	1,655	22,195	10,925	11,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,740	2,450	2,290	43,805	21,180	22,625
Location of study inside Canada	4,655	2,410	2,250	36,935	18,000	18,930
Same as province or territory of residence	4,625	2,400	2,230	29,610	14,435	15,185
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	7,320	3,570	3,745
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	85	40	45	6,875	3,180	3,695
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	0	10	870	460	410
Philippines	0	0	0	1,815	680	1,140
India	0	0	0	375	175	205
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	480	245	235
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	150	50	95
France	45	25	20	45	20	25
Other	25	0	20	3,140	1,545	1,595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	13,055	6,405	6,645	95,060	46,545	48,515
In the labour force	7,360	3,880	3,480	69,120	36,230	32,885
Employed	6,485	3,295	3,195	64,200	33,275	30,925
Unemployed	870	585	290	4,920	2,955	1,960
Not in the labour force	5,695	2,530	3,165	25,945	10,310	15,630
Participation rate	56.4	60.6	52.4	72.7	77.8	67.8
Employment rate	49.7	51.4	48.1	67.5	71.5	63.7
Unemployment rate	11.8	15.1	8.3	7.1	8.2	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	13,055	6,405	6,645	95,060	46,545	48,515
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,955	2,075	2,880	23,445	9,080	14,370
Worked	8,095	4,330	3,760	71,615	37,470	34,145
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,325	1,815	1,505	37,035	21,365	15,670
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,765	2,515	2,255	34,585	16,105	18,480
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.2	38.9	39.5	43.2	43.8	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	7,360	3,880	3,480	69,115	36,235	32,885
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	115	55	60	1,065	500	565
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	7,245	3,825	3,420	68,050	35,730	32,320
Employee	6,455	3,380	3,075	61,460	31,470	29,995
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	790	445	345	6,590	4,260	2,325
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	7,360	3,880	3,480	69,115	36,235	32,880
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	115	55	60	1,070	500	565
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	7,245	3,825	3,420	68,050	35,730	32,320
0 Management occupations	720	420	300	8,240	5,285	2,950
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	760	130	630	11,455	3,130	8,320
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	195	155	40	4,715	3,715	1,000
3 Health occupations	525	110	415	5,185	865	4,320
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	645	165	485	8,200	2,975	5,225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135	65	70	1,615	645	970
6 Sales and service occupations	2,340	965	1,380	14,390	6,240	8,155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,445	1,410	35	11,750	10,905	845
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	260	215	45	890	720	170
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	220	190	30	1,615	1,250	360
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	7,355	3,880	3,480	69,115	36,230	32,885
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	115	55	65	1,070	500	565
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	7,245	3,830	3,415	68,050	35,730	32,320
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	280	225	60	255	130	125
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	0	1,400	1,200	200
22 Utilities	50	45	10	640	455	185
23 Construction	725	665	60	7,665	6,535	1,125
31-33 Manufacturing	435	335	105	3,690	2,770	925
41 Wholesale trade	100	80	20	2,860	2,060	800
44-45 Retail trade	1,065	485	580	7,730	3,805	3,920
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	370	320	45	3,250	2,495	760
51 Information and cultural industries	75	40	35	1,080	580	500
52 Finance and insurance	110	20	90	2,625	890	1,740
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	30	10	1,280	725	555
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	150	75	75	4,495	2,585	1,910
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	115	55	60
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	165	120	45	2,340	1,380	960
61 Educational services	390	115	280	5,370	1,480	3,895
62 Health care and social assistance	950	200	755	8,150	1,305	6,850
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	200	130	1,255	570	680
72 Accommodation and food services	1,135	410	720	4,115	1,655	2,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	465	195	270	3,215	1,450	1,770
91 Public administration	355	225	130	6,505	3,620	2,885
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,485	3,295	3,195	64,200	33,275	30,925
Worked at home	400	190	215	3,490	1,485	2,000
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	125	90	40
No fixed workplace address	695	580	115	8,400	6,595	1,805
Worked at usual place	5,385	2,525	2,865	52,185	25,105	27,080
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,385	2,520	2,865	52,190	25,105	27,080
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,870	1,220	1,645	28,880	12,230	16,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,495	635	860	22,120	11,990	10,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,015	660	355	1,000	750	250
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	195	140	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	6,085	3,105	2,980	60,590	31,700	28,885
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,370	2,775	2,595	51,195	27,675	23,520
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	190	90	105	3,000	1,170	1,830
Public transit	20	10	10	3,910	1,580	2,330
Walked	395	160	235	1,335	570	765
Bicycle	15	15	0	335	235	100
Other method	90	60	30	815	475	340
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	6,085	3,105	2,980	60,585	31,700	28,885
Less than 15 minutes	3,280	1,485	1,795	13,525	5,520	8,000
15 to 29 minutes	1,650	845	805	23,140	12,310	10,830
30 to 44 minutes	660	385	275	15,675	8,795	6,880
45 to 59 minutes	165	105	65	5,375	3,260	2,115
60 minutes and over	325	290	40	2,875	1,815	1,060
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	6,085	3,105	2,980	60,590	31,705	28,885
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	450	335	105	4,370	3,360	1,010
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	850	565	285	13,110	8,110	5,000
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,080	1,065	1,020	18,470	9,190	9,280
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,205	400	810	10,070	4,190	5,880
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	445	130	315	5,740	2,455	3,285
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,060	615	445	8,825	4,400	4,430
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,245	4,380	3,865	73,485	38,315	35,175
Single responses	8,110	4,305	3,805	72,830	38,025	34,805
Official languages	8,110	4,305	3,810	72,450	37,840	34,610
English	70	40	35	72,160	37,770	34,390
French	8,035	4,265	3,775	290	70	220
Non-official languages	0	0	0	380	185	190
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	380	185	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	30	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	30	10
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	25	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	160	75	85
Chinese languages	0	0	0	160	75	85
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	80	60	660	290	370
English and French	140	80	60	225	105	115
English and non-official language	0	0	0	425	185	245
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,245	4,380	3,865	73,485	38,315	35,170
None	7,295	3,910	3,390	70,670	36,895	33,770
English	870	440	425	375	120	260
French	50	20	25	1,080	575	505
Non-official language	25	10	15	1,330	710	620
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	10	1,310	700	600
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	15,045	7,425	7,620	117,555	57,955	59,600
Non-movers	13,885	6,865	7,015	101,710	50,355	51,355
Movers	1,165	555	605	15,845	7,600	8,245
Non-migrants	695	345	350	9,830	4,725	5,105
Migrants	465	210	260	6,015	2,875	3,140
Internal migrants	465	210	260	4,990	2,365	2,625
Intraprovincial migrants	455	200	245	3,765	1,735	2,025
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	1,230	630	600
External migrants	0	0	0	1,025	510	515
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	14,475	7,165	7,305	111,345	54,800	56,545
Non-movers	10,975	5,450	5,525	63,900	31,545	32,355
Movers	3,500	1,715	1,780	47,440	23,255	24,190
Non-migrants	2,080	1,005	1,075	26,665	13,000	13,665
Migrants	1,420	710	710	20,775	10,255	10,525
Internal migrants	1,370	685	685	16,455	8,145	8,305
Intraprovincial migrants	1,350	675	675	10,685	5,175	5,510
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	15	5,770	2,975	2,800
External migrants	45	25	20	4,320	2,105	2,210

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Charlevoix-Est, MRC [Census division], Quebec and St. Albert--Edmonton [Federal electoral district], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and St. Albert--Edmonton [Federal electoral district], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and St. Albert--Edmonton [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and St. Albert--Edmonton [Federal electoral district], Alberta