Census Profile, 2016 Census
Clermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Clermont, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Dufferin--Caledon Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Clermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Clermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,085	...	...	128,237	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,118	...	...	116,341	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.1	...	...	10.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,481	...	...	44,910	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,394	...	...	43,174	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	59.8	...	...	59.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	51.59	...	...	2,174.59	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,085	1,490	1,590	128,240	63,710	64,530
0 to 14 years	460	235	230	23,795	12,160	11,635
0 to 4 years	140	75	70	6,905	3,560	3,345
5 to 9 years	185	85	100	7,985	4,095	3,890
10 to 14 years	135	75	65	8,900	4,505	4,400
15 to 64 years	1,880	935	950	86,610	43,170	43,440
15 to 19 years	135	80	55	9,405	4,925	4,480
20 to 24 years	150	75	70	8,070	4,220	3,850
25 to 29 years	150	75	75	6,600	3,390	3,205
30 to 34 years	145	70	75	7,035	3,445	3,595
35 to 39 years	190	85	105	7,840	3,765	4,070
40 to 44 years	155	70	85	8,890	4,250	4,635
45 to 49 years	160	90	70	10,545	5,135	5,405
50 to 54 years	225	110	115	11,590	5,740	5,855
55 to 59 years	295	145	150	9,380	4,720	4,655
60 to 64 years	280	135	145	7,265	3,580	3,685
65 years and over	745	330	415	17,830	8,380	9,455
65 to 69 years	255	130	125	6,280	3,050	3,235
70 to 74 years	185	80	100	4,550	2,205	2,340
75 to 79 years	115	45	65	3,100	1,505	1,600
80 to 84 years	100	40	60	2,065	945	1,120
85 years and over	95	30	70	1,830	670	1,155
85 to 89 years	65	20	40	1,210	485	730
90 to 94 years	25	10	15	480	150	330
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	125	40	85
100 years and over	5	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.8	14.5	18.6	19.1	18.0
15 to 64 years	60.9	62.8	59.7	67.5	67.8	67.3
65 years and over	24.1	22.1	26.1	13.9	13.2	14.7
85 years and over	3.1	2.0	4.4	1.4	1.1	1.8
Average age of the population	45.8	44.4	47.0	39.3	38.7	40.0
Median age of the population	50.0	48.4	51.3	40.8	39.9	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
Single-detached house	890	...	...	34,420	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	620	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	505	...	...	8,100	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	2,665	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	2,735	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	660	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	270	...	...	1,995	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
1 person	445	...	...	6,740	...	...
2 persons	550	...	...	13,405	...	...
3 persons	205	...	...	7,830	...	...
4 persons	135	...	...	9,395	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	5,805	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,005	...	...	127,065	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,625	1,260	1,365	104,440	51,550	52,890
Married or living common law	1,595	795	800	65,720	32,850	32,870
Married	875	435	440	57,500	28,755	28,745
Living common law	720	355	360	8,215	4,095	4,125
Not married and not living common law	1,030	465	560	38,725	18,700	20,025
Never married	645	350	295	26,495	14,625	11,875
Separated	25	10	10	2,660	1,125	1,535
Divorced	170	70	105	4,790	1,910	2,885
Widowed	195	40	155	4,775	1,045	3,730
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	915	...	...	37,420	...	...
2 persons	550	...	...	15,595	...	...
3 persons	195	...	...	8,280	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...	9,635	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	3,915	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	920	...	...	37,425	...	...
Total couple families	780	...	...	32,435	...	...
Married couples	425	...	...	28,325	...	...
Common-law couples	360	...	...	4,105	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	135	...	...	4,990	...	...
Female parent	100	...	...	3,760	...	...
Male parent	35	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	785	...	...	32,430	...	...
Couples without children	455	...	...	12,835	...	...
Couples with children	325	...	...	19,600	...	...
1 child	155	...	...	6,650	...	...
2 children	125	...	...	9,155	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	3,795	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	4,990	...	...
1 child	90	...	...	2,755	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	1,630	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	555	230	325	11,835	5,550	6,280
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,390	...	...	43,170	...	...
One-census-family households	905	...	...	33,905	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	455	...	...	11,375	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	445	...	...	22,530	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	1,700	...	...
Non-census-family households	485	...	...	7,570	...	...
One-person households	450	...	...	6,740	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	835	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,010	1,460	1,550	127,460	63,390	64,060
English only	0	0	0	118,355	59,730	58,625
French only	2,635	1,240	1,395	25	10	10
English and French	375	220	155	7,815	3,170	4,645
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,260	480	785
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,015	1,460	1,555	127,455	63,395	64,065
English	10	5	0	124,695	62,245	62,450
French	3,005	1,455	1,545	1,205	535	665
English and French	0	0	0	320	140	175
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,245	470	770
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10	5	0	1,360	605	755
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.3	0.3	0.0	1.1	1.0	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,010	1,460	1,555	127,455	63,395	64,065
Single responses	3,010	1,460	1,550	125,115	62,240	62,870
Official languages	3,005	1,455	1,550	103,260	51,570	51,690
English	10	5	0	101,975	51,000	50,975
French	2,990	1,450	1,545	1,285	575	710
Non-official languages	5	0	0	21,860	10,665	11,185
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	21,855	10,670	11,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	560	310	245
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	545	310	235
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	315	175	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	30	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	5	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	110	65	45
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	150	65	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	55	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	515	160	355
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	420	130	290
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	245	125	120
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	190	95	95
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	19,010	9,390	9,620
Albanian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Armenian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,935	1,390	1,550
Baltic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Latvian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,880	1,365	1,515
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	420	210	215
Czech	0	0	0	105	45	60
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	35	50
Polish	0	0	0	1,330	625	705
Russian	0	0	0	270	120	160
Serbian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	70	35	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	120	65	60
Ukrainian	0	0	0	295	140	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	2,045	960	1,085
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	65	30	35
Dutch	0	0	0	585	280	310
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	1,325	625	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	295	135	155
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5,090	2,540	2,555
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	4,890	2,435	2,450
Bengali	0	0	0	35	20	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	225	120	105
Hindi	0	0	0	350	170	180
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	3,935	1,950	1,990
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Urdu	0	0	0	250	125	120
Iranian languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	170	85	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	8,560	4,320	4,240
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5,275	2,710	2,565
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,720	875	840
Romanian	0	0	0	265	120	145
Spanish	0	0	0	1,295	610	685
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	135	65	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	170	80	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	75	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	25	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	550	235	305
Chinese languages	0	0	0	535	235	300
Cantonese	0	0	0	185	85	100
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	310	135	175
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	390	165	225
Estonian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Finnish	0	0	0	55	20	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	305	130	170
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	5	2,345	1,155	1,190
English and French	0	5	5	245	130	110
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,020	995	1,020
French and non-official language	0	0	5	45	10	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,010	1,460	1,555	127,455	63,390	64,065
Single responses	3,005	1,455	1,545	123,105	61,285	61,820
Official languages	3,005	1,460	1,545	115,385	57,535	57,845
English	5	5	5	115,095	57,405	57,690
French	3,000	1,455	1,545	295	130	155
Non-official languages	0	0	0	7,720	3,750	3,970
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,715	3,745	3,970
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	85	100
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	175	80	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	110	55	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	165	65	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	50	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	125	65	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	105	55	55
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,590	3,235	3,355
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,000	505	500
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	990	500	495
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	90	45	40
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Polish	0	0	0	485	245	235
Russian	0	0	0	170	80	85
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	335	170	165
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	45	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	265	130	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	20	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,060	1,505	1,560
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,970	1,455	1,515
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	110	60	50
Hindi	0	0	0	130	65	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,545	1,240	1,305
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	145	75	70
Iranian languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	85	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,125	1,030	1,095
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,180	560	625
Portuguese	0	0	0	380	190	190
Romanian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Spanish	0	0	0	460	230	235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	15	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	285	125	160
Chinese languages	0	0	0	285	125	160
Cantonese	0	0	0	75	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	195	85	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	5	4,350	2,110	2,245
English and French	0	0	0	175	75	100
English and non-official language	0	0	0	4,115	2,000	2,110
French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,015	1,460	1,550	127,455	63,390	64,060
None	2,960	1,430	1,530	114,435	57,305	57,130
English	40	25	20	3,455	1,715	1,735
French	5	5	0	1,190	480	710
Non-official language	5	5	5	8,195	3,820	4,380
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	5	0	5	8,190	3,815	4,380
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	65	35	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	100	35	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,540	1,225	1,315	103,305	51,120	52,185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,490	1,195	1,290	98,760	48,880	49,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,256	39,270	24,224	39,646	49,062	32,054
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,485	1,195	1,290	98,785	48,885	49,895
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,768	34,743	22,477	35,329	42,549	29,165
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,185	1,110	1,075	92,065	46,400	45,665
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,739	32,448	19,632	38,022	48,165	29,692
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,040	945	1,095	66,080	28,835	37,250
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,518	8,896	9,808	3,316	1,412	4,364
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,675	860	815	79,560	41,250	38,310
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,778	31,904	22,816	39,466	48,950	31,811
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,550	1,230	1,315	103,305	51,120	52,180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,470	1,190	1,280	98,695	48,830	49,860
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,524	46,034	29,635	52,745	63,569	42,145
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,475	1,190	1,285	98,715	48,835	49,880
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,731	38,153	25,777	42,631	49,975	35,441
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,155	1,090	1,065	92,090	46,270	45,820
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,622	42,070	24,989	51,605	63,092	40,005
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,030	950	1,085	65,920	28,735	37,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,965	9,341	10,515	6,878	6,435	7,221
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,670	850	815	79,560	41,150	38,410
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,959	38,424	27,246	51,059	60,947	40,463
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,550	1,230	1,315	103,305	51,120	52,180
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	690	360	330	41,810	24,110	17,700
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,675	48,661	36,129	59,483	66,109	51,359
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,986	53,971	39,428	70,251	78,199	59,420
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.6	82.9	70.2	91.4	94.1	87.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.0	59.8	57.4	77.5	80.3	73.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.5	17.2	29.8	8.5	5.9	12.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,540	1,225	1,320	103,305	51,120	52,180
Without total income	55	30	30	4,545	2,240	2,305
With total income	2,485	1,195	1,290	98,760	48,880	49,880
Percentage with total income	97.8	97.6	97.7	95.6	95.6	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	70	165	13,565	5,630	7,930
$10,000 to $19,999	500	160	345	14,530	5,595	8,930
$20,000 to $29,999	395	145	245	11,760	4,900	6,855
$30,000 to $39,999	450	235	215	9,865	4,365	5,500
$40,000 to $49,999	380	225	160	9,420	4,345	5,075
$50,000 to $59,999	200	120	75	8,170	4,120	4,045
$60,000 to $69,999	115	85	25	6,930	3,865	3,065
$70,000 to $79,999	65	45	20	5,575	3,405	2,170
$80,000 to $89,999	45	30	15	4,375	2,690	1,685
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	3,880	2,330	1,545
$100,000 and over	55	45	15	10,695	7,625	3,070
$100,000 to $149,999	45	35	10	7,185	4,990	2,190
$150,000 and over	20	15	0	3,510	2,630	880
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,545	1,230	1,315	103,300	51,120	52,180
Without after-tax income	55	30	30	4,520	2,235	2,285
With after-tax income	2,485	1,195	1,290	98,780	48,890	49,895
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	97.2	98.1	95.6	95.6	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	270	75	190	13,995	5,745	8,250
$10,000 to $19,999	520	170	350	15,285	5,910	9,380
$20,000 to $29,999	525	225	300	13,675	5,790	7,885
$30,000 to $39,999	535	295	235	12,130	5,505	6,630
$40,000 to $49,999	350	220	130	11,485	5,720	5,770
$50,000 to $59,999	130	90	40	9,270	5,210	4,065
$60,000 to $69,999	65	45	20	6,970	4,295	2,670
$70,000 to $79,999	50	40	10	5,455	3,380	2,080
$80,000 and over	45	30	15	10,510	7,335	3,175
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	3,490	2,190	1,300
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	2,105	1,460	640
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	4,920	3,685	1,235
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,540	1,225	1,320	103,305	51,125	52,180
Without employment income	865	365	500	23,745	9,875	13,870
With employment income	1,675	865	810	79,560	41,250	38,315
Percentage with employment income	65.9	70.6	61.4	77.0	80.7	73.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	225	125	100	9,825	4,675	5,150
$5,000 to $9,999	130	50	80	6,055	2,510	3,545
$10,000 to $19,999	310	125	190	9,670	4,210	5,460
$20,000 to $29,999	255	110	145	7,510	3,265	4,240
$30,000 to $39,999	225	110	115	7,110	3,120	3,995
$40,000 to $49,999	205	110	95	6,970	3,170	3,805
$50,000 to $59,999	105	75	30	6,370	3,300	3,080
$60,000 to $69,999	70	55	20	5,510	3,160	2,350
$70,000 to $79,999	55	40	20	4,565	2,865	1,695
$80,000 and over	90	70	20	15,970	10,990	4,990
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	3,715	2,395	1,325
$90,000 to $99,999	25	25	0	3,545	2,080	1,470
$100,000 and over	30	25	5	8,710	6,515	2,195
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,040	...	...	101,189	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,128	...	...	86,292	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	450	...	...	6,740	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,144	...	...	41,903	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,299	...	...	36,931	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	945	...	...	36,435	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,101	...	...	112,830	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,344	...	...	95,610	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,395	...	...	43,170	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,528	...	...	120,574	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,258	...	...	97,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	460	...	...	6,715	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,122	...	...	53,864	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,822	...	...	43,670	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	935	...	...	36,455	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,328	...	...	132,868	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,142	...	...	107,384	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	340	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	520	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	1,070	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	885	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	1,060	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	1,140	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	80	...	...	1,155	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	1,185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	135	...	...	2,515	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	2,595	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	95	...	...	2,670	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	2,600	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	2,555	...	...
$100,000 and over	245	...	...	21,885	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	130	...	...	6,010	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	4,660	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	6,100	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	5,110	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	400	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	285	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	525	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	790	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	1,200	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	990	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	1,200	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	1,345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	1,435	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	110	...	...	1,490	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	165	...	...	3,270	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...	3,310	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	3,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	80	...	...	3,175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	3,170	...	...
$100,000 and over	130	...	...	17,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	80	...	...	6,435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	4,360	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	6,430	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	920	...	...	35,975	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,034	...	...	111,985	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,216	...	...	94,880	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	445	...	...	11,075	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,208	...	...	93,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,601	...	...	79,779	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	325	...	...	19,645	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,451	...	...	132,653	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,920	...	...	111,410	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	4,395	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,152	...	...	67,598	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,141	...	...	60,267	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	925	...	...	35,965	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,861	...	...	132,130	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,731	...	...	106,676	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...	11,015	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,077	...	...	117,578	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,045	...	...	93,929	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	19,700	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,178	...	...	151,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,127	...	...	121,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	4,360	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,205	...	...	80,546	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,606	...	...	68,180	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	515	210	305	9,105	4,540	4,570
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,568	33,216	21,760	38,562	44,658	33,984
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,403	29,088	21,120	34,404	38,912	30,739
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	495	220	280	9,105	4,450	4,650
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,413	38,397	27,633	49,852	53,490	46,369
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,033	32,035	24,836	40,829	43,334	38,430
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,005	1,460	1,545	127,060	63,260	63,800
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,970	905	1,070	44,600	21,495	23,110
In the bottom decile	175	70	110	6,035	2,950	3,090
In the second decile	375	145	230	7,390	3,345	4,050
In the third decile	440	200	240	8,880	4,235	4,645
In the fourth decile	535	270	265	10,210	5,035	5,175
In the fifth decile	445	215	230	12,085	5,935	6,150
In the top half of the distribution	1,030	555	475	82,460	41,765	40,695
In the sixth decile	350	190	165	13,440	6,635	6,805
In the seventh decile	295	165	130	15,240	7,700	7,545
In the eighth decile	190	100	95	16,820	8,515	8,305
In the ninth decile	120	65	55	19,240	9,750	9,485
In the top decile	75	35	35	17,720	9,165	8,560
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,000	1,460	1,545	127,065	63,260	63,805
0 to 17 years	550	285	270	29,455	15,145	14,310
0 to 5 years	180	90	95	8,360	4,305	4,060
18 to 64 years	1,780	875	900	80,620	39,990	40,630
65 years and over	675	305	370	16,985	8,130	8,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	385	130	255	9,060	4,230	4,830
0 to 17 years	55	25	35	2,540	1,310	1,230
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	720	395	335
18 to 64 years	170	75	95	5,185	2,430	2,755
65 years and over	160	35	120	1,335	495	840
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	8.9	16.5	7.1	6.7	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	8.8	13.0	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	11.1	11.1	10.5	8.6	9.2	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.6	10.6	6.4	6.1	6.8
65 years and over (%)	23.7	11.5	32.4	7.9	6.1	9.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	95	40	65	4,140	2,075	2,070
0 to 17 years	10	0	5	1,045	560	490
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	280	165	115
18 to 64 years	70	30	40	2,820	1,405	1,415
65 years and over	20	5	15	275	110	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	2.7	4.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.8	0.0	1.9	3.5	3.7	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3	3.8	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	3.4	4.4	3.5	3.5	3.5
65 years and over (%)	3.0	1.6	4.1	1.6	1.4	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,005	1,480	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,805
Official languages	3,005	1,480	1,520	125,815	62,785	63,030
English	410	230	175	125,775	62,775	63,000
French	3,005	1,480	1,520	7,825	3,130	4,700
Non-official languages	60	30	35	28,425	13,715	14,710
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	30	30	28,400	13,705	14,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	635	360	275
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	630	360	270
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	315	180	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	25	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	15	20
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	95	55	35
Maltese	0	0	0	170	95	75
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	200	65	135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	200	70	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	610	195	420
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	50	25	25
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	0	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	530	160	370
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	95	45	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	40
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	330	185	145
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tamil	0	0	0	290	165	130
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	20	35	25,150	12,230	12,925
Albanian	0	0	0	90	70	25
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,240	1,485	1,755
Baltic languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Latvian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,170	1,450	1,720
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Croatian	0	0	0	560	230	330
Czech	0	0	0	75	40	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	200	95	100
Polish	0	0	0	1,445	660	785
Russian	0	0	0	375	160	210
Serbian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	85	30	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	135	60	75
Ukrainian	0	0	0	335	155	175
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	15
Germanic languages	10	0	0	2,535	1,230	1,305
Afrikaans	0	0	0	60	20	35
Danish	0	0	0	55	35	15
Dutch	0	0	0	710	330	385
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	0	0	10	1,745	850	890
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Swedish	0	0	0	50	20	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	375	170	205
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	6,280	3,095	3,185
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5,965	2,940	3,025
Bengali	0	0	0	50	30	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	315	145	170
Hindi	0	0	0	1,665	840	820
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	40	10	25
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,855	2,405	2,445
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	130	65	65
Urdu	0	0	0	365	205	155
Iranian languages	0	0	0	320	160	160
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	295	145	145
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	12,900	6,310	6,590
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	8,145	4,065	4,080
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,485	1,255	1,230
Romanian	0	0	0	390	170	220
Spanish	55	25	30	2,240	970	1,270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	30	50
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	165	80	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	315	160	160
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	105	65	40
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	15	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	40	0	35
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	90	40	55
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	95	30	70
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	20	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	625	285	335
Chinese languages	0	0	0	610	275	330
Cantonese	0	0	0	250	125	120
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	405	170	240
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	0	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	345	140	200
Estonian	0	0	0	60	15	45
Finnish	0	0	0	40	10	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	240	115	125
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,005	1,485	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,805
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,000	1,485	1,515	122,690	61,245	61,445
Canadian citizens aged under 18	540	300	240	29,085	15,020	14,070
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,455	1,185	1,275	93,600	46,230	47,375
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	10	4,370	2,010	2,360
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,005	1,485	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,805
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,975	1,465	1,510	102,045	51,230	50,815
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	30	15	10	24,675	11,865	12,805
Before 1981	0	0	10	11,930	5,845	6,085
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	3,625	1,760	1,870
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	4,175	1,960	2,215
2001 to 2010	30	15	15	3,700	1,735	1,960
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	2,205	1,075	1,130
2006 to 2010	25	10	10	1,495	660	835
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,245	565	680
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	340	160	180
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	30	15	10	24,675	11,870	12,810
Under 5 years	15	10	10	3,535	1,720	1,815
5 to 14 years	0	10	0	5,470	2,675	2,790
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	6,685	3,155	3,530
25 to 44 years	10	0	0	7,565	3,690	3,875
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,420	630	795
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	15	15	24,675	11,865	12,810
Americas	0	0	0	3,970	1,720	2,250
Brazil	0	0	0	95	40	55
Colombia	0	0	0	105	40	60
El Salvador	0	0	0	130	55	75
Guyana	0	0	0	520	205	320
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	920	395	520
Mexico	0	0	0	150	55	95
Peru	0	0	0	50	10	35
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	405	210	200
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	735	320	415
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	860	385	475
Europe	25	15	15	13,510	6,680	6,825
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	50	25	25
Croatia	0	0	0	205	105	100
France	0	0	10	75	30	45
Germany	0	0	0	870	430	440
Greece	0	0	0	160	75	80
Hungary	0	0	0	95	55	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	145	55	85
Italy	0	0	0	3,250	1,700	1,550
Netherlands	0	0	0	580	295	290
Poland	0	0	0	1,015	465	545
Portugal	0	0	0	1,275	675	595
Romania	0	0	0	350	150	200
Russian Federation	0	0	0	140	60	80
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	60	40	20
Ukraine	20	15	10	145	60	85
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	4,035	1,960	2,075
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	1,070	495	580
Africa	10	10	0	785	400	385
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	50	30	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	80	25	55
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	195	110	90
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	155	70	85
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	285	165	125
Asia	0	0	0	6,200	2,985	3,215
Afghanistan	0	0	0	110	70	40
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	285	120	165
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	35	10	20
India	0	0	0	3,490	1,750	1,745
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	145	60	80
Iraq	0	0	0	85	45	35
Japan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	150	65	80
Lebanon	0	0	0	65	35	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	215	120	105
Philippines	0	0	0	630	215	410
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	335	165	165
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	185	70	115
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	380	210	170
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	215	85	130
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,245	565	675
Americas	0	0	0	230	100	135
Brazil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	25	0	25
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	15	30
Mexico	0	0	0	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	85	35	50
Europe	0	0	0	205	85	115
France	0	0	0	15	0	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	75	40	35
Africa	0	0	0	75	35	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	60	30	30
Asia	0	0	0	700	335	365
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	445	235	210
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	130	55	75
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	20	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Australia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,005	1,485	1,520	127,060	63,260	63,805
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30	20	15	25,420	12,245	13,180
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	35	15	20	35,995	18,040	17,950
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,935	1,455	1,485	65,650	32,975	32,675
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	30	15	10	13,080	6,185	6,895
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	20	10	10	5,515	2,755	2,760
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,095	1,375	725
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	10	3,415	1,380	2,035
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	0	6,060	2,615	3,445
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,415	775	640
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	95	45	45
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,005	1,485	1,525	127,060	63,260	63,805
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	70	50	20	1,785	925	855
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	65	45	20	1,705	890	810
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	10	1,140	615	520
Métis	45	35	15	540	265	275
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	10	0	55	15	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,935	1,435	1,500	125,275	62,335	62,945
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,000	1,485	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,800
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	10	0	595	295	300
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,995	1,475	1,520	126,470	62,970	63,505
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,005	1,480	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,805
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	15	15	235	155	80
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	10	15	230	150	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	15	165	115	50
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	60	35	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	30	20	15	3,150	1,565	1,585
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	35	15	10	3,110	1,540	1,570
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	2,590	1,305	1,285
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	20	0	470	200	265
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	35	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	40	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,945	1,450	1,495	123,675	61,535	62,135
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,005	1,480	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,805
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	10	10	17,335	8,320	9,010
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	7,880	3,940	3,940
Chinese	0	0	0	915	445	475
Black	0	0	0	3,475	1,685	1,795
Filipino	0	0	0	1,010	380	630
Latin American	0	0	0	1,310	630	685
Arab	10	10	0	325	175	150
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	345	130	220
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	340	170	165
Korean	0	0	0	200	105	95
Japanese	0	0	0	160	65	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	720	310	415
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	655	295	365
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,985	1,470	1,515	109,730	54,935	54,790
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,005	1,485	1,520	127,065	63,260	63,805
North American Aboriginal origins	65	30	25	3,395	1,725	1,670
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	10	25	2,805	1,450	1,355
Inuit	0	0	0	70	50	25
Métis	30	25	10	565	250	310
Other North American origins	2,680	1,335	1,345	35,495	17,670	17,825
Acadian	10	0	0	165	100	70
American	0	10	0	1,275	570	705
Canadian	2,615	1,290	1,320	34,480	17,225	17,255
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	215	95	120
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Ontarian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Québécois	110	60	45	55	25	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	600	265	330	96,995	48,395	48,600
British Isles origins	150	60	85	58,320	28,730	29,590
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10	0	0	35,480	17,455	18,025
Irish	105	35	65	24,595	11,775	12,830
Manx	0	0	0	35	15	20
Scottish	45	20	25	25,560	12,530	13,025
Welsh	0	0	0	2,420	1,170	1,250
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,765	1,830	1,935
French origins	470	215	255	9,085	4,460	4,630
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	470	220	250	9,080	4,455	4,630
Western European origins (except French origins)	10	0	10	17,595	8,935	8,660
Austrian	0	0	0	805	445	355
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0	410	235	180
Dutch	0	0	0	5,715	2,715	3,005
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	0	0	0	11,305	5,850	5,455
Luxembourger	0	0	0	35	20	15
Swiss	10	0	10	520	260	265
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	10	0	2,155	1,000	1,155
Danish	0	0	0	650	330	325
Finnish	0	0	0	460	165	295
Icelandic	0	0	0	115	70	45
Norwegian	0	0	0	465	220	240
Swedish	0	0	0	580	285	295
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Eastern European origins	15	10	10	11,595	5,740	5,855
Bulgarian	0	0	0	155	80	75
Byelorussian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Czech	0	0	0	345	180	165
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	160	100	60
Estonian	0	0	0	175	75	105
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,220	620	600
Latvian	0	0	0	170	70	105
Lithuanian	0	0	0	290	135	160
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	4,810	2,365	2,450
Romanian	0	0	0	775	370	410
Russian	0	0	0	1,055	515	540
Slovak	0	0	0	345	155	180
Ukrainian	20	10	10	3,700	1,845	1,850
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Southern European origins	10	0	0	31,945	16,330	15,615
Albanian	0	0	0	125	85	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,205	580	620
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	0	20
Greek	0	0	0	1,355	640	715
Italian	0	0	0	22,020	11,430	10,590
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	635	315	325
Maltese	0	0	0	1,235	560	675
Montenegrin	0	0	0	40	10	25
Portuguese	10	0	0	5,345	2,795	2,545
Serbian	0	0	0	230	110	115
Sicilian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	580	275	300
Spanish	0	0	0	1,640	705	935
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	225	120	105
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	465	230	240
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	250	130	125
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	190	90	100
Caribbean origins	20	10	15	3,575	1,655	1,920
Antiguan	0	0	0	45	10	35
Bahamian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Barbadian	0	0	0	190	105	85
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cuban	0	0	0	165	60	105
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Guadeloupean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	2,130	980	1,150
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	515	265	255
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	50	15	35
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	515	215	300
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	115	60	50
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,440	1,115	1,330
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	60	30	40
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	120	40	80
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	130	75	60
Chilean	0	0	0	80	45	35
Colombian	0	0	0	145	55	95
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	270	115	155
Guatemalan	0	0	0	80	55	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	645	280	365
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	315	150	170
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	10	60
Salvadorean	0	0	0	215	115	95
Uruguayan	0	0	0	160	70	90
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	20	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	175	105	70
African origins	15	15	0	1,740	890	850
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	515	275	245
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	140	95	50
Guinean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	35	0	25
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	250	135	115
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	15	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	35	10	25
North African origins	20	15	0	245	135	110
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	10	15	0	15
Coptic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	195	120	75
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	0	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	260	125	135
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	55	15	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	30	25	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	100	60	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	55	15	35
Other African origins	0	0	0	780	370	410
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	75	40	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	705	335	375
Asian origins	15	10	0	13,285	6,405	6,875
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	10	1,650	850	805
Afghan	0	0	0	180	100	80
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	0	115	50	65
Armenian	0	0	0	200	100	100
Assyrian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	270	135	140
Iraqi	0	0	0	200	105	90
Israeli	0	0	0	50	30	20
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	270	125	140
Palestinian	0	0	0	110	70	40
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	135	65	65
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	60	35	25
South Asian origins	0	0	0	8,445	4,160	4,285
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	6,600	3,215	3,385
Goan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	285	165	115
Punjabi	0	0	0	1,005	480	525
Sinhalese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	400	200	195
Tamil	0	0	0	115	75	45
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	250	130	120
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	3,355	1,455	1,905
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	1,435	695	740
Filipino	0	0	0	1,180	445	740
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Japanese	0	0	0	225	95	125
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	205	110	95
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	310	110	195
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	70	40	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	70	45	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	370	195	180
Australian	0	0	0	215	110	100
New Zealander	0	0	0	120	75	45
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	40	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
Owner	950	...	...	37,390	...	...
Renter	445	...	...	5,780	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...	1,565	...	...
Not condominium	1,315	...	...	41,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,395	...	...	43,170	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	125	...	...	1,870	...	...
2 bedrooms	380	...	...	4,165	...	...
3 bedrooms	550	...	...	18,865	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	330	...	...	18,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	365	...	...	3,820	...	...
5 rooms	275	...	...	4,735	...	...
6 rooms	215	...	...	7,035	...	...
7 rooms	190	...	...	7,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	355	...	...	19,870	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,390	...	...	43,175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,385	...	...	42,755	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,395	...	...	43,170	...	...
Suitable	1,380	...	...	41,735	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,395	...	...	43,170	...	...
1960 or before	435	...	...	6,315	...	...
1961 to 1980	530	...	...	10,625	...	...
1981 to 1990	175	...	...	6,490	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	7,985	...	...
2001 to 2005	55	...	...	4,495	...	...
2006 to 2010	55	...	...	2,770	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	75	...	...	4,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,390	...	...	43,170	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,330	...	...	41,165	...	...
Major repairs needed	60	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,395	...	...	43,170	...	...
1 household maintainer	900	...	...	20,650	...	...
2 household maintainers	485	...	...	21,460	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,395	...	...	43,175	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	360	...	...
25 to 34 years	150	...	...	4,235	...	...
35 to 44 years	180	...	...	8,130	...	...
45 to 54 years	215	...	...	11,760	...	...
55 to 64 years	350	...	...	9,070	...	...
65 to 74 years	235	...	...	5,840	...	...
75 to 84 years	145	...	...	2,980	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...	795	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,395	...	...	42,365	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,210	...	...	32,545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	185	...	...	9,815	...	...
30% to less than 100%	165	...	...	8,850	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	950	...	...	36,665	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.6	...	...	66.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	6.3	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	698	...	...	1,682	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	785	...	...	1,728	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,469	...	...	552,705	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,384	...	...	621,691	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	445	...	...	5,735	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.1	...	...	14.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.1	...	...	43.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	573	...	...	1,107	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	644	...	...	1,174	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,550	1,230	1,315	103,305	51,120	52,180
No certificate, diploma or degree	605	290	315	18,535	9,740	8,790
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	685	310	375	31,695	15,910	15,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,255	625	625	53,080	25,475	27,600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	610	355	255	7,240	5,570	1,675
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	475	260	215	2,970	1,935	1,035
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	135	95	40	4,270	3,635	640
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	375	165	205	24,405	10,900	13,505
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	30	40	1,985	895	1,090
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	195	75	120	19,450	8,115	11,340
Bachelor's degree	165	75	95	14,190	5,770	8,420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	1,400	500	900
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	390	225	160
Master's degree	20	10	15	3,090	1,410	1,685
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	380	205	175
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,580	775	810	68,870	33,845	35,025
No certificate, diploma or degree	240	125	110	6,780	3,930	2,850
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	425	190	230	20,225	10,360	9,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	920	465	465	41,865	19,555	22,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	495	285	210	5,180	3,985	1,185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	210	180	2,140	1,385	755
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	105	75	30	3,040	2,605	435
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	245	110	140	19,480	8,595	10,885
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	30	1,470	680	790
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	135	50	85	15,735	6,295	9,445
Bachelor's degree	110	45	65	11,490	4,545	6,945
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	1,190	400	790
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	310	160	150
Master's degree	15	10	15	2,505	1,060	1,440
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	245	125	115
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,545	1,230	1,315	103,300	51,120	52,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,290	600	695	50,225	25,650	24,580
Education	125	30	95	3,565	715	2,850
13. Education	130	25	95	3,565	715	2,850
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	10	2,235	985	1,255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	315	230	85
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	1,920	755	1,170
Humanities	40	15	20	2,820	1,010	1,810
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	215	40	170
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	640	190	445
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	925	325	605
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	175	80	90
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	190	110	85
54. History	0	10	0	520	245	275
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	10	140
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	35	45	6,920	1,825	5,095
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	15	15	520	195	330
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	1,730	120	1,610
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,145	270	875
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	150	25	120
42. Psychology	0	0	10	1,125	305	815
45. Social sciences	25	25	10	2,215	905	1,305
Business, management and public administration	250	60	185	11,120	4,320	6,805
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	820	165	655
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	55	170	10,290	4,150	6,140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	1,810	790	1,020
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	710	230	480
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	565	230	335
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	410	275	140
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	50	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	10	1,645	1,050	595
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	10	1,270	875	395
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	25	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	250	130	120
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	335	320	10	11,610	10,965	640
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	455	345	110
14. Engineering	10	15	0	1,810	1,570	240
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	50	0	2,440	2,260	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	95	90	10	2,455	2,420	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	150	10	3,165	3,130	40
48. Precision production	20	25	0	1,270	1,235	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	65	10	1,260	780	485
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	870	525	340
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	60	10	395	255	140
Health and related fields	150	0	145	6,365	1,135	5,235
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	905	415	490
51. Health professions and related programs	150	10	145	5,375	675	4,700
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	40	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	85	75	3,700	1,905	1,790
12. Personal and culinary services	95	35	60	1,775	395	1,375
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	15	1,360	1,010	345
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	550	485	60
Other	0	0	0	25	0	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	25	0	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,580	775	810	68,875	33,845	35,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	660	315	345	27,005	14,290	12,715
Education	65	10	55	2,720	510	2,210
13. Education	65	10	50	2,720	510	2,210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	1,780	775	1,005
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	200	145	55
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	1,580	630	945
Humanities	25	10	10	2,115	725	1,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	190	30	155
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	495	125	370
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	695	235	460
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	105	50	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	10	130	85	50
54. History	0	0	0	390	180	215
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	105	10	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	25	35	5,620	1,395	4,230
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	435	160	275
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	25	1,340	60	1,280
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	985	200	790
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	130	25	105
42. Psychology	10	0	0	895	225	665
45. Social sciences	20	15	0	1,825	725	1,100
Business, management and public administration	220	50	170	9,315	3,490	5,825
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	690	135	555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	45	160	8,620	3,350	5,265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	10	1,350	580	770
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	540	170	370
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	415	170	240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	305	195	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	80	30	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	1,390	885	505
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	1,125	775	350
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	10	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	195	90	110
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	240	235	10	8,860	8,340	520
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	385	285	100
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,410	1,205	205
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	35	0	1,870	1,740	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	1,840	1,820	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	120	10	2,500	2,470	25
48. Precision production	15	15	0	865	825	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	45	10	950	540	405
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	670	385	285
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	0	280	160	120
Health and related fields	100	10	95	4,940	850	4,090
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	670	315	355
51. Health professions and related programs	100	0	95	4,195	500	3,695
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	70	35	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	70	60	2,805	1,455	1,350
12. Personal and culinary services	70	25	50	1,305	265	1,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	10	1,075	785	285
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	420	390	30
Other	0	0	0	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	0	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,545	1,230	1,315	103,305	51,125	52,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,290	600	695	50,225	25,650	24,580
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,255	630	625	53,075	25,475	27,600
Location of study inside Canada	1,245	625	620	46,635	22,065	24,565
Same as province or territory of residence	1,235	620	615	44,280	20,985	23,290
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	2,360	1,075	1,275
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	6,440	3,405	3,035
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,095	580	520
Philippines	0	0	0	275	65	205
India	0	0	0	995	475	515
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,120	750	370
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	145	60	90
France	10	0	0	30	15	15
Other	0	0	0	2,780	1,460	1,320
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,585	770	805	68,870	33,850	35,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	660	310	345	27,005	14,290	12,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	925	460	460	41,865	19,555	22,310
Location of study inside Canada	915	460	455	37,280	17,325	19,955
Same as province or territory of residence	915	460	455	35,445	16,495	18,955
Different than province or territory of residence	0	10	0	1,830	830	1,005
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	4,585	2,230	2,355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	800	400	400
Philippines	0	0	0	250	65	180
India	0	0	0	895	410	480
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	580	335	245
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	145	60	85
France	0	0	10	25	10	15
Other	0	0	0	1,895	945	945
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,545	1,230	1,315	103,305	51,125	52,180
In the labour force	1,445	725	720	74,490	39,155	35,335
Employed	1,290	615	670	70,250	36,985	33,265
Unemployed	160	105	50	4,240	2,170	2,075
Not in the labour force	1,100	505	595	28,810	11,970	16,845
Participation rate	56.8	58.9	54.8	72.1	76.6	67.7
Employment rate	50.7	50.0	51.0	68.0	72.3	63.8
Unemployment rate	11.1	14.5	6.9	5.7	5.5	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,545	1,230	1,315	103,305	51,125	52,180
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	995	445	555	26,535	10,875	15,660
Worked	1,550	785	760	76,770	40,250	36,520
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	695	360	335	43,045	24,960	18,085
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	855	425	430	33,730	15,290	18,435
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	40.1	40.9	43.6	44.4	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,445	720	720	74,490	39,155	35,335
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	15	10	1,200	580	620
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,425	710	720	73,290	38,575	34,715
Employee	1,295	655	640	62,915	31,920	30,995
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	130	50	80	10,375	6,655	3,720
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,445	725	725	74,490	39,155	35,340
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	15	0	1,200	580	625
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,425	710	715	73,285	38,575	34,715
0 Management occupations	100	70	30	10,055	6,320	3,740
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	160	20	145	12,185	3,200	8,985
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	20	20	3,790	3,020	765
3 Health occupations	95	0	85	3,340	545	2,800
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	150	35	115	8,180	2,445	5,735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	0	20	1,895	775	1,115
6 Sales and service occupations	485	210	275	15,670	6,455	9,210
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	290	280	10	13,005	12,125	880
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	20	10	1,790	1,280	510
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	50	40	10	3,380	2,405	975
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,445	720	720	74,490	39,155	35,340
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	15	0	1,200	580	625
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,425	710	720	73,285	38,575	34,715
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10	1,555	940	615
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	145	125	25
22 Utilities	0	0	0	450	375	70
23 Construction	100	95	10	7,950	6,740	1,210
31-33 Manufacturing	115	90	30	8,700	5,970	2,730
41 Wholesale trade	35	30	0	3,760	2,390	1,365
44-45 Retail trade	250	120	130	8,075	3,900	4,180
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	65	10	4,570	3,085	1,485
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	1,390	785	605
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	0	2,655	1,030	1,625
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	1,500	675	825
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	15	25	4,750	2,340	2,410
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	185	55	130
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45	30	10	3,675	2,170	1,505
61 Educational services	90	25	65	5,475	1,330	4,145
62 Health care and social assistance	200	30	165	5,815	805	5,010
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	35	35	1,535	700	840
72 Accommodation and food services	180	75	110	4,260	1,515	2,740
81 Other services (except public administration)	90	25	65	3,035	1,595	1,440
91 Public administration	55	40	20	3,800	2,050	1,755
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,290	620	670	70,250	36,985	33,265
Worked at home	85	25	65	6,060	2,980	3,080
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	165	110	55
No fixed workplace address	130	100	30	9,370	7,205	2,165
Worked at usual place	1,065	490	580	54,655	26,685	27,970
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,070	495	580	54,650	26,685	27,970
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	305	160	150	13,560	5,490	8,070
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	545	180	365	15,340	6,960	8,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	205	140	65	25,640	14,180	11,465
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	110	60	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,200	595	605	64,020	33,885	30,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,100	550	545	56,095	30,360	25,735
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	10	15	3,835	1,835	2,000
Public transit	0	0	0	1,290	510	780
Walked	65	25	40	2,140	835	1,305
Bicycle	0	0	0	150	115	35
Other method	15	15	0	505	235	275
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,200	595	605	64,020	33,885	30,135
Less than 15 minutes	690	310	380	14,115	5,725	8,390
15 to 29 minutes	290	125	165	12,840	5,835	7,005
30 to 44 minutes	145	85	55	14,225	8,210	6,020
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	10,485	6,185	4,300
60 minutes and over	65	65	0	12,350	7,930	4,420
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,200	595	610	64,020	33,890	30,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	80	60	25	7,085	5,530	1,565
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	140	85	50	12,495	8,075	4,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	440	210	225	16,055	7,620	8,430
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	230	70	160	12,010	4,645	7,365
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	85	30	55	6,355	2,430	3,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	230	135	90	10,020	5,585	4,435
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,585	800	785	78,785	41,205	37,580
Single responses	1,570	790	785	78,240	40,930	37,310
Official languages	1,565	790	780	77,905	40,725	37,175
English	10	10	0	77,615	40,650	36,965
French	1,560	780	780	290	75	210
Non-official languages	0	0	0	335	205	130
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	340	205	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	280	185	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	105	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	140	100	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	140	105	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	75	50	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35	30	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	540	275	270
English and French	15	10	0	135	30	95
English and non-official language	0	0	0	390	235	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,585	795	790	78,785	41,210	37,575
None	1,375	680	695	76,100	39,835	36,260
English	200	105	90	410	205	200
French	10	10	0	800	305	495
Non-official language	10	0	10	1,460	860	600
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	10	1,450	845	605
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,980	1,465	1,520	125,770	62,630	63,140
Non-movers	2,665	1,315	1,350	111,545	55,730	55,810
Movers	315	145	170	14,230	6,895	7,330
Non-migrants	190	95	95	4,525	2,220	2,305
Migrants	125	55	70	9,705	4,680	5,025
Internal migrants	125	55	70	9,420	4,525	4,895
Intraprovincial migrants	125	50	70	9,000	4,315	4,685
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	420	205	210
External migrants	0	0	0	290	155	130
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,890	1,425	1,470	120,175	59,850	60,325
Non-movers	2,055	1,015	1,040	76,555	38,415	38,135
Movers	840	410	435	43,620	21,430	22,190
Non-migrants	505	230	275	14,615	7,150	7,470
Migrants	340	175	160	29,005	14,285	14,720
Internal migrants	325	165	155	27,665	13,690	13,975
Intraprovincial migrants	315	160	155	26,870	13,290	13,585
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	790	400	390
External migrants	20	10	10	1,340	595	750

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Clermont, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Clermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Clermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Clermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario