Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec and Danville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chaudière-Appalaches Quebec [Economic region]			Danville, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec Map : Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Danville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	420,082	...	...	3,826	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	410,878 ^r	...	...	4,070	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.2	...	...	-6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	196,842	...	...	1,892	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	180,845	...	...	1,736	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	27.9	...	...	25.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15,083.25	...	...	151.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	420,085	209,950	210,135	3,825	1,990	1,835
0 to 14 years	70,255	36,065	34,195	595	320	270
0 to 4 years	23,340	12,030	11,305	165	80	85
5 to 9 years	24,950	12,865	12,090	215	115	95
10 to 14 years	21,965	11,170	10,795	210	120	90
15 to 64 years	265,350	134,805	130,545	2,300	1,190	1,105
15 to 19 years	21,425	10,990	10,440	180	90	85
20 to 24 years	22,500	11,460	11,040	140	80	60
25 to 29 years	21,445	10,930	10,515	150	80	70
30 to 34 years	24,140	12,430	11,710	170	80	90
35 to 39 years	27,425	13,965	13,455	230	120	110
40 to 44 years	24,520	12,555	11,960	185	85	100
45 to 49 years	25,090	12,890	12,200	230	130	105
50 to 54 years	32,055	16,165	15,895	285	150	135
55 to 59 years	34,330	17,100	17,235	345	180	170
60 to 64 years	32,415	16,325	16,095	380	190	185
65 years and over	84,475	39,080	45,395	935	480	455
65 to 69 years	28,920	14,515	14,400	370	195	175
70 to 74 years	21,325	10,420	10,900	250	145	105
75 to 79 years	13,800	6,520	7,285	135	65	70
80 to 84 years	10,140	4,260	5,880	80	35	45
85 years and over	10,290	3,365	6,925	95	35	60
85 to 89 years	6,510	2,330	4,180	60	30	35
90 to 94 years	2,940	860	2,080	25	5	20
95 to 99 years	755	160	595	10	5	5
100 years and over	95	15	80	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.2	16.3	15.6	16.1	14.7
15 to 64 years	63.2	64.2	62.1	60.1	59.8	60.2
65 years and over	20.1	18.6	21.6	24.4	24.1	24.8
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.3	2.5	1.8	3.3
Average age of the population	42.9	42.1	43.8	46.0	45.4	46.6
Median age of the population	44.7	43.6	45.7	50.5	50.1	51.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	180,845	...	...	1,740	...	...
Single-detached house	120,855	...	...	1,315	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,400	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	56,810	...	...	380	...	...
Semi-detached house	11,115	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	2,495	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	8,915	...	...	105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	33,340	...	...	210	...	...
Other single-attached house	950	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,780	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
1 person	56,350	...	...	570	...	...
2 persons	68,275	...	...	705	...	...
3 persons	23,435	...	...	195	...	...
4 persons	22,330	...	...	160	...	...
5 or more persons	10,460	...	...	105	...	...
Number of persons in private households	408,615	...	...	3,770	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	349,825	173,885	175,940	3,235	1,670	1,565
Married or living common law	214,330	107,225	107,105	2,000	1,005	995
Married	119,990	60,025	59,965	1,210	610	600
Living common law	94,340	47,200	47,140	795	400	400
Not married and not living common law	135,490	66,660	68,835	1,230	665	565
Never married	89,395	50,520	38,875	735	445	290
Separated	3,960	1,950	2,010	40	30	10
Divorced	20,720	9,450	11,270	270	140	130
Widowed	21,425	4,745	16,685	190	50	140
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	121,205	...	...	1,125	...	...
2 persons	67,060	...	...	695	...	...
3 persons	22,720	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	21,845	...	...	160	...	...
5 or more persons	9,580	...	...	85	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	121,205	...	...	1,125	...	...
Total couple families	105,185	...	...	990	...	...
Married couples	58,050	...	...	590	...	...
Common-law couples	47,135	...	...	400	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	16,020	...	...	140	...	...
Female parent	11,240	...	...	95	...	...
Male parent	4,780	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	105,185	...	...	985	...	...
Couples without children	57,425	...	...	615	...	...
Couples with children	47,760	...	...	370	...	...
1 child	17,745	...	...	145	...	...
2 children	20,700	...	...	145	...	...
3 or more children	9,310	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	16,020	...	...	140	...	...
1 child	9,635	...	...	80	...	...
2 children	4,970	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	1,415	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	68,225	35,195	33,030	720	410	305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	180,845	...	...	1,740	...	...
One-census-family households	119,880	...	...	1,115	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	56,845	...	...	610	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	63,035	...	...	505	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	655	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	60,310	...	...	615	...	...
One-person households	56,345	...	...	570	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,955	...	...	45	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	415,080	208,095	206,980	3,825	1,990	1,835
English only	355	160	195	50	25	25
French only	307,490	148,270	159,220	2,590	1,315	1,280
English and French	106,955	59,485	47,470	1,175	650	525
Neither English nor French	275	175	100	10	10	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	415,075	208,095	206,985	3,830	1,990	1,835
English	3,565	1,765	1,800	295	150	140
French	410,430	205,740	204,685	3,510	1,820	1,690
English and French	835	425	410	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	245	160	85	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,980	1,980	2,000	300	155	140
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	7.8	7.8	7.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	415,075	208,095	206,985	3,825	1,990	1,835
Single responses	413,235	207,175	206,065	3,800	1,975	1,825
Official languages	409,595	205,245	204,350	3,745	1,945	1,800
English	3,400	1,695	1,705	285	150	140
French	406,195	203,550	202,645	3,455	1,795	1,665
Non-official languages	3,640	1,925	1,710	60	35	25
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	10	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,625	1,920	1,705	55	30	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	605	355	255	0	0	5
Berber languages	65	40	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	535	310	230	5	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	535	310	225	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	65	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	40	45	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	70	35	30	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	65	40	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	90	60	35	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,015	1,055	960	45	30	15
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	95	100	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	95	95	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Russian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	15	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	190	90	100	25	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	20	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	130	60	75	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,520	815	705	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	75	55	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	55	75	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,195	645	550	10	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	125	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	45	30	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	10	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	100	110	5	0	5
Chinese languages	210	100	110	5	0	0
Cantonese	25	15	15	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	170	80	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,845	925	915	25	20	10
English and French	1,270	625	645	25	15	10
English and non-official language	25	20	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	495	260	235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	20	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	415,075	208,095	206,980	3,825	1,990	1,835
Single responses	412,720	206,865	205,855	3,795	1,975	1,820
Official languages	411,115	205,995	205,120	3,760	1,955	1,805
English	2,090	1,040	1,045	270	140	125
French	409,025	204,950	204,075	3,490	1,815	1,680
Non-official languages	1,610	875	735	35	20	15
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,605	870	735	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	90	90	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	165	85	80	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	20	10	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	980	545	435	30	20	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	15	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	20	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	815	470	345	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	715	420	295	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	35	30	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	25	15	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	155	80	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	65	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,355	1,230	1,125	35	15	15
English and French	1,230	650	575	25	15	10
English and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	940	495	450	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	145	65	80	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	415,075	208,095	206,980	3,830	1,990	1,835
None	398,390	199,230	199,160	3,500	1,820	1,680
English	12,625	6,865	5,760	200	100	95
French	1,955	985	975	110	60	50
Non-official language	1,640	795	845	15	5	5
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,625	795	835	15	10	10
English and French	50	35	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	365	170	195	0	5	5
French and non-official language	40	15	25	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	338,455	169,995	168,460	3,180	1,650	1,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	331,875	167,125	164,745	3,100	1,610	1,490
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,579	40,042	28,982	27,392	31,904	23,834
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	331,925	167,130	164,795	3,100	1,610	1,490
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,657	34,533	26,356	25,554	28,837	22,362
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	303,580	156,510	147,070	2,665	1,425	1,240
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,603	36,766	24,524	23,264	28,309	19,029
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	255,290	121,545	133,745	2,510	1,255	1,250
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,868	6,797	8,535	9,504	9,248	9,696
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	246,305	131,465	114,845	2,000	1,100	895
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,363	37,461	27,084	26,347	31,520	21,931
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	338,470	170,020	168,445	3,170	1,660	1,510
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	331,890	167,110	164,785	3,090	1,630	1,465
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,838	47,133	34,454	33,242	37,908	28,051
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	331,955	167,110	164,845	3,095	1,630	1,465
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,154	38,626	29,621	28,484	31,616	25,009
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	303,695	156,535	147,160	2,665	1,425	1,240
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,149	43,862	30,008	28,800	33,625	23,252
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	255,865	121,755	134,110	2,500	1,270	1,235
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,879	8,298	9,406	10,454	10,949	9,946
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	246,305	131,530	114,780	1,975	1,070	905
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,119	41,654	31,922	30,646	34,541	26,030
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	338,470	170,020	168,445	3,175	1,660	1,510
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	114,960	64,520	50,440	890	510	385
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,988	47,210	39,800	37,919	41,857	33,044
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,666	53,821	44,351	42,129	48,473	33,772
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.2	87.1	77.9	76.4	80.7	69.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.7	70.2	64.3	59.8	63.6	54.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.8	12.9	22.1	23.6	19.3	30.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	338,460	169,995	168,460	3,180	1,655	1,525
Without total income	6,580	2,865	3,715	85	40	40
With total income	331,875	167,125	164,750	3,100	1,610	1,485
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.3	97.8	97.5	97.3	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	32,060	12,545	19,515	385	155	225
$10,000 to $19,999	59,625	22,680	36,940	680	290	385
$20,000 to $29,999	52,170	23,610	28,560	625	310	320
$30,000 to $39,999	48,920	24,600	24,320	460	245	210
$40,000 to $49,999	46,360	25,600	20,755	330	170	160
$50,000 to $59,999	32,415	19,375	13,040	210	125	85
$60,000 to $69,999	20,355	12,465	7,885	160	115	45
$70,000 to $79,999	14,430	8,725	5,700	95	75	25
$80,000 to $89,999	8,435	5,245	3,190	60	45	15
$90,000 to $99,999	5,025	3,360	1,660	25	20	0
$100,000 and over	12,090	8,905	3,180	70	55	15
$100,000 to $149,999	8,500	6,145	2,350	50	35	10
$150,000 and over	3,590	2,765	825	20	15	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	338,460	169,995	168,460	3,180	1,650	1,525
Without after-tax income	6,530	2,865	3,665	85	40	40
With after-tax income	331,925	167,130	164,795	3,100	1,610	1,490
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.3	97.8	97.5	97.6	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	33,665	12,880	20,785	395	160	235
$10,000 to $19,999	62,715	24,160	38,555	715	310	405
$20,000 to $29,999	65,325	30,555	34,765	750	375	370
$30,000 to $39,999	65,325	35,555	29,765	540	300	240
$40,000 to $49,999	47,055	27,565	19,490	310	180	130
$50,000 to $59,999	26,530	15,940	10,590	195	140	55
$60,000 to $69,999	14,275	8,480	5,800	100	65	30
$70,000 to $79,999	6,850	4,505	2,345	40	35	10
$80,000 and over	10,195	7,495	2,700	55	40	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,430	2,445	990	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,025	1,465	560	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	4,735	3,585	1,155	25	20	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	338,455	169,995	168,460	3,180	1,650	1,530
Without employment income	92,150	38,535	53,615	1,180	550	630
With employment income	246,305	131,465	114,840	2,000	1,105	895
Percentage with employment income	72.8	77.3	68.2	62.9	67.0	58.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	30,115	15,850	14,265	335	185	155
$5,000 to $9,999	18,595	7,875	10,725	180	80	100
$10,000 to $19,999	34,375	14,565	19,815	290	130	160
$20,000 to $29,999	32,135	14,395	17,740	280	125	160
$30,000 to $39,999	35,020	18,070	16,945	300	160	145
$40,000 to $49,999	31,340	18,410	12,930	180	105	75
$50,000 to $59,999	21,625	13,840	7,780	135	85	50
$60,000 to $69,999	14,280	8,960	5,320	105	80	25
$70,000 to $79,999	10,825	6,670	4,150	70	50	25
$80,000 and over	18,005	12,835	5,170	115	100	20
$80,000 to $89,999	5,965	3,985	1,975	45	35	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,585	2,480	1,105	25	25	5
$100,000 and over	8,455	6,370	2,085	45	45	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	180,845	...	...	1,740	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,635	...	...	49,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,778	...	...	45,369	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	56,350	...	...	570	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,207	...	...	24,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,897	...	...	23,817	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	124,495	...	...	1,165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,604	...	...	65,690	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,387	...	...	58,912	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,947	...	...	59,218	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,693	...	...	50,798	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	56,310	...	...	550	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,546	...	...	30,853	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,944	...	...	27,036	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	124,540	...	...	1,185	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,858	...	...	72,487	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,596	...	...	61,914	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
Under $5,000	1,030	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,755	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,760	...	...	70	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,345	...	...	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,700	...	...	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,480	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,555	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	9,940	...	...	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	9,560	...	...	105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	9,230	...	...	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	16,580	...	...	160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,685	...	...	135	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	13,480	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,145	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10,280	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	42,320	...	...	270	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	18,465	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10,630	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	8,580	...	...	50	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,650	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
Under $5,000	1,130	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,805	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,840	...	...	70	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,785	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,875	...	...	120	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	9,425	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,275	...	...	155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,200	...	...	120	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	11,310	...	...	105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,470	...	...	110	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	19,000	...	...	185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	17,090	...	...	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	14,910	...	...	115	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	12,155	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	9,135	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	25,435	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	14,125	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,970	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,345	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	121,755	...	...	1,135	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,835	...	...	65,280	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,552	...	...	58,522	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	56,260	...	...	605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,000	...	...	56,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,181	...	...	50,158	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	47,925	...	...	375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,722	...	...	91,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,471	...	...	78,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15,680	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,860	...	...	44,117	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,239	...	...	41,600	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	121,775	...	...	1,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,166	...	...	72,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,785	...	...	61,756	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	56,335	...	...	630	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,931	...	...	65,727	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,817	...	...	56,281	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	47,905	...	...	360	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,411	...	...	96,268	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,031	...	...	80,476	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15,640	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,392	...	...	43,079	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,485	...	...	39,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	63,705	32,965	30,740	660	380	280
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,257	35,582	26,771	24,064	25,664	22,048
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,202	31,121	25,186	23,211	24,160	21,472
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	63,605	32,930	30,680	675	395	285
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,640	39,887	33,155	29,520	31,886	26,211
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,246	33,329	29,009	25,938	27,859	23,251
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	408,615	206,015	202,600	3,775	1,975	1,800
In the bottom half of the distribution	230,065	113,640	116,425	2,630	1,365	1,260
In the bottom decile	22,470	11,070	11,400	375	205	170
In the second decile	42,935	19,285	23,650	605	315	290
In the third decile	51,155	25,320	25,835	615	315	305
In the fourth decile	56,515	28,755	27,760	520	275	245
In the fifth decile	56,990	29,205	27,785	505	255	250
In the top half of the distribution	178,550	92,375	86,170	1,145	605	535
In the sixth decile	53,885	27,775	26,105	405	205	195
In the seventh decile	47,605	24,640	22,965	295	165	135
In the eighth decile	36,555	18,845	17,710	250	135	115
In the ninth decile	24,965	13,045	11,920	135	70	65
In the top decile	15,535	8,065	7,470	60	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	408,615	206,015	202,600	3,770	1,970	1,800
0 to 17 years	82,875	42,495	40,385	715	385	330
0 to 5 years	28,250	14,580	13,670	205	100	100
18 to 64 years	251,030	127,435	123,600	2,165	1,120	1,045
65 years and over	74,705	36,085	38,620	895	465	425
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	43,595	19,950	23,650	655	345	315
0 to 17 years	6,895	3,570	3,330	125	80	50
0 to 5 years	2,130	1,120	1,015	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	22,200	10,745	11,455	355	180	175
65 years and over	14,495	5,630	8,860	180	85	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.7	9.7	11.7	17.4	17.5	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.4	8.2	17.5	20.8	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.5	7.7	7.4	9.8	5.0	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.4	9.3	16.4	16.1	16.7
65 years and over (%)	19.4	15.6	22.9	20.1	18.3	21.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	16,395	8,075	8,315	205	120	85
0 to 17 years	2,215	1,140	1,075	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	685	370	315	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	11,920	6,220	5,700	160	100	65
65 years and over	2,260	715	1,545	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.9	4.1	5.4	6.1	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.7	2.7	3.5	3.9	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.5	2.3	0.0	5.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.9	4.6	7.4	8.9	6.2
65 years and over (%)	3.0	2.0	4.0	2.2	2.2	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	408,615	206,010	202,605	3,775	2,020	1,750
Official languages	408,430	205,890	202,540	3,735	2,015	1,725
English	106,615	59,495	47,120	1,110	655	460
French	408,125	205,755	202,370	3,680	1,985	1,695
Non-official languages	12,580	5,775	6,805	135	65	75
Aboriginal languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,555	5,760	6,795	135	65	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	970	550	420	10	0	10
Berber languages	175	95	80	0	0	0
Kabyle	95	45	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	85	60	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	900	520	375	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	890	515	375	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	55	60	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	15	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	35	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	105	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	90	65	25	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	330	145	185	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	285	125	155	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,945	4,380	5,565	85	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	185	160	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	340	185	155	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	50	45	0	0	0
Russian	125	70	55	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	860	420	445	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	50	15	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	760	375	385	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	40	20	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	35	30	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,060	3,925	5,135	75	45	35
Catalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	720	355	370	0	0	0
Portuguese	295	155	140	0	10	0
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	8,310	3,530	4,780	70	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	60	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	460	260	200	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	25	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	110	65	45	0	0	0
Wolof	90	60	30	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	180	90	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	240	100	140	35	0	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	145	55	95	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	35	10	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	125	135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	260	125	135	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	225	105	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Lao	40	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	408,615	206,010	202,605	3,775	2,015	1,755
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	404,895	204,050	200,840	3,755	2,010	1,745
Canadian citizens aged under 18	82,095	42,260	39,835	715	420	295
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	322,800	161,790	161,005	3,040	1,590	1,450
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,720	1,960	1,760	20	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	408,615	206,010	202,605	3,770	2,020	1,755
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	400,305	201,740	198,565	3,715	1,985	1,725
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,315	3,670	3,645	55	30	20
Before 1981	1,480	755	720	20	10	10
1981 to 1990	650	380	270	20	15	0
1991 to 2000	1,115	520	600	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	2,355	1,125	1,235	10	0	10
2001 to 2005	1,015	480	535	0	0	10
2006 to 2010	1,345	645	700	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,715	890	825	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	995	605	390	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,320	3,665	3,650	50	30	20
Under 5 years	1,480	635	845	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	1,125	535	590	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,225	590	630	25	10	15
25 to 44 years	3,185	1,715	1,475	20	10	10
45 years and over	300	190	110	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,315	3,670	3,650	55	30	25
Americas	2,240	1,085	1,155	20	0	10
Brazil	55	30	30	0	0	0
Colombia	360	150	205	0	0	0
El Salvador	60	30	35	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	335	165	175	0	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	180	110	70	10	0	10
Peru	45	20	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	860	410	450	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	335	180	155	0	0	0
Europe	2,650	1,440	1,205	25	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	25	15	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	1,645	905	740	15	10	10
Germany	130	45	85	0	0	0
Greece	10	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	115	80	35	0	10	0
Netherlands	15	10	10	0	0	0
Poland	60	30	30	0	0	0
Portugal	40	20	20	0	0	0
Romania	80	45	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	45	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	335	185	155	10	10	10
Africa	1,390	800	585	10	0	0
Algeria	230	145	90	0	0	0
Egypt	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	265	145	120	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	870	495	375	10	0	0
Asia	1,005	330	680	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	480	85	400	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	50	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	60	25	40	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	20	50	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	170	70	100	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,715	890	825	10	10	0
Americas	410	215	200	0	0	10
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	110	45	65	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	95	40	50	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	90	60	30	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	40	35	0	0	0
Europe	460	230	230	0	0	0
France	360	210	150	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	10	50	0	0	0
Africa	725	410	320	0	10	0
Algeria	125	70	55	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	40	50	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	20	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	50	30	20	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	95	65	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	115	80	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	95	105	0	0	0
Asia	120	35	85	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	408,615	206,015	202,600	3,770	2,020	1,755
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,965	4,625	4,340	65	40	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,725	3,995	3,735	95	55	40
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	391,925	197,395	194,530	3,610	1,930	1,685
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,975	2,965	3,010	45	25	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,965	1,650	1,315	25	20	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,495	1,045	455	15	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,470	605	865	10	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,385	995	1,390	20	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	575	290	280	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	408,615	206,010	202,600	3,770	2,020	1,750
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,060	2,135	1,930	60	10	50
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,760	1,965	1,795	30	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,785	920	865	30	0	25
Métis	1,920	1,015	905	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	25	45	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	230	135	90	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	404,555	203,880	200,675	3,715	2,005	1,705
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	408,615	206,015	202,605	3,775	2,020	1,755
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,070	625	445	15	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	407,545	205,390	202,155	3,760	2,020	1,735
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	408,615	206,015	202,600	3,770	2,015	1,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,430	1,170	1,260	40	10	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,345	1,125	1,220	40	10	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,845	880	965	40	10	30
Métis single ancestry	470	225	245	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	20	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	80	45	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	40	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,310	3,450	3,860	155	95	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,210	3,420	3,785	155	95	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,240	2,940	3,295	135	90	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	955	475	475	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	95	25	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	25	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	398,880	201,395	197,485	3,575	1,915	1,665
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	408,615	206,015	202,600	3,770	2,020	1,750
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,780	2,945	2,835	30	20	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	160	115	50	0	0	0
Chinese	650	175	480	0	0	0
Black	2,075	1,095	980	0	10	0
Filipino	100	60	35	10	0	0
Latin American	1,250	645	605	0	0	0
Arab	805	485	320	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	345	160	185	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	20	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	150	75	75	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	402,830	203,065	199,765	3,740	2,000	1,740
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	408,615	206,010	202,600	3,775	2,020	1,750
North American Aboriginal origins	9,735	4,620	5,120	195	105	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,250	3,890	4,360	175	100	80
Inuit	85	25	60	20	0	10
Métis	1,580	770	815	0	0	0
Other North American origins	338,595	170,085	168,510	2,995	1,595	1,400
Acadian	1,040	455	585	0	0	0
American	1,325	610	715	20	15	10
Canadian	331,350	166,355	165,000	2,905	1,545	1,360
New Brunswicker	20	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	7,590	3,985	3,605	90	50	45
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	114,910	58,190	56,720	1,270	715	555
British Isles origins	19,300	9,150	10,150	360	195	170
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,125	1,430	1,690	175	95	85
Irish	14,060	6,635	7,430	190	110	80
Manx	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	3,885	1,775	2,110	75	40	30
Welsh	70	35	30	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	250	135	115	10	0	10
French origins	98,755	50,300	48,455	945	545	400
Alsatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Breton	410	205	200	0	0	0
Corsican	15	10	10	0	0	0
French	98,480	50,165	48,315	945	545	400
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,970	2,445	2,530	100	60	40
Austrian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	900	445	460	10	0	0
Dutch	230	130	100	0	0	0
Flemish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,365	1,625	1,740	75	50	25
Luxembourger	10	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	560	295	265	20	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	550	265	285	0	0	0
Danish	95	45	45	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	260	125	135	0	0	0
Swedish	90	45	45	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	130	60	75	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,445	725	715	20	10	10
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	10	40	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	135	75	60	10	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	580	290	290	0	10	0
Romanian	140	85	55	10	0	0
Russian	200	85	115	0	0	0
Slovak	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	305	150	155	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,265	2,250	2,015	20	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	195	85	105	0	0	0
Italian	2,405	1,310	1,095	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	680	335	345	10	0	10
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,045	530	520	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	505	280	230	0	0	0
Basque	110	50	55	0	0	0
Jewish	70	40	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	320	185	140	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	940	475	465	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	65	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	90	55	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	665	340	320	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	10	25	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	20	0	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	30	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,740	935	810	10	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	55	10	45	0	0	0
Brazilian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chilean	85	55	35	0	0	0
Colombian	515	245	270	0	0	0
Costa Rican	135	95	40	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	415	255	160	15	10	10
Nicaraguan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	90	30	55	0	0	0
Salvadorean	140	80	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	25	25	0	0	0
African origins	2,555	1,475	1,080	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	680	375	310	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	155	95	60	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Guinean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	25	10	15	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	110	75	40	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	75	40	35	0	0	0
North African origins	1,165	695	470	10	0	0
Algerian	325	175	145	0	0	0
Berber	185	115	70	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	410	225	180	0	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	270	180	85	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	400	250	155	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	140	90	45	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	390	200	190	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	365	190	175	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,310	1,030	1,290	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	795	395	400	10	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	220	105	115	0	0	0
Armenian	110	45	65	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	50	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	255	140	115	0	0	0
Palestinian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	75	45	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	150	90	65	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,390	555	835	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	85	45	40	0	0	0
Chinese	730	190	545	0	0	0
Filipino	135	85	50	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	55	25	0	0	0
Laotian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	75	25	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	130	90	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	25	30	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	20	15	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	180,845	...	...	1,740	...	...
Owner	132,885	...	...	1,315	...	...
Renter	47,960	...	...	420	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
Condominium	11,715	...	...	50	...	...
Not condominium	169,130	...	...	1,690	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
No bedrooms	465	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	17,260	...	...	95	...	...
2 bedrooms	51,590	...	...	485	...	...
3 bedrooms	66,570	...	...	645	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	44,960	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	180,845	...	...	1,740	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	46,290	...	...	330	...	...
5 rooms	29,740	...	...	385	...	...
6 rooms	27,825	...	...	260	...	...
7 rooms	26,400	...	...	275	...	...
8 or more rooms	50,585	...	...	485	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
One person or fewer per room	180,410	...	...	1,730	...	...
More than 1 person per room	435	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	180,845	...	...	1,740	...	...
Suitable	178,515	...	...	1,710	...	...
Not suitable	2,330	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
1960 or before	47,620	...	...	810	...	...
1961 to 1980	52,560	...	...	645	...	...
1981 to 1990	25,660	...	...	110	...	...
1991 to 2000	20,080	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	10,805	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	12,460	...	...	40	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	11,655	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	171,150	...	...	1,565	...	...
Major repairs needed	9,695	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
1 household maintainer	111,640	...	...	1,145	...	...
2 household maintainers	68,340	...	...	585	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	870	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	180,845	...	...	1,735	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,135	...	...	30	...	...
25 to 34 years	23,125	...	...	165	...	...
35 to 44 years	29,310	...	...	235	...	...
45 to 54 years	33,985	...	...	305	...	...
55 to 64 years	39,800	...	...	410	...	...
65 to 74 years	30,765	...	...	435	...	...
75 to 84 years	14,560	...	...	120	...	...
85 years and over	4,165	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	177,495	...	...	1,690	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	154,215	...	...	1,345	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	23,280	...	...	345	...	...
30% to less than 100%	21,375	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130,030	...	...	1,275	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.7	...	...	54.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.6	...	...	17.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	766	...	...	652	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	882	...	...	828	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,845	...	...	145,268	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	212,614	...	...	153,621	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	47,570	...	...	410	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.4	...	...	28.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	621	...	...	502	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	663	...	...	510	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	338,470	170,020	168,450	3,170	1,660	1,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	73,725	38,725	34,995	935	515	425
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	69,780	32,595	37,185	595	285	305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	194,965	98,705	96,260	1,645	860	785
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75,645	48,200	27,445	855	550	310
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	54,285	30,710	23,580	575	315	260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	21,360	17,495	3,865	285	235	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	61,755	25,775	35,990	415	130	285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,460	3,875	6,580	95	55	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	47,100	20,850	26,250	275	130	145
Bachelor's degree	33,390	14,245	19,145	170	70	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,800	1,675	2,125	25	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,435	730	705	15	15	10
Master's degree	7,525	3,600	3,930	55	35	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	955	605	345	0	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	219,985	111,390	108,590	1,930	945	985
No certificate, diploma or degree	30,935	17,920	13,015	450	235	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	39,855	19,375	20,480	335	180	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	149,195	74,095	75,100	1,140	530	615
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	59,235	36,730	22,500	605	340	260
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	43,215	23,715	19,495	405	185	215
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	16,025	13,020	3,005	200	155	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	45,605	19,240	26,360	275	60	210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,910	2,590	4,320	70	45	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	37,450	15,530	21,915	195	75	115
Bachelor's degree	26,525	10,865	15,660	125	50	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,915	1,140	1,775	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,070	420	650	10	10	10
Master's degree	6,200	2,695	3,505	40	15	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	740	415	325	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	338,470	170,020	168,450	3,175	1,660	1,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	143,500	71,315	72,185	1,530	800	730
Education	16,265	3,880	12,380	130	40	95
13. Education	16,260	3,880	12,380	135	35	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,995	2,045	2,955	65	20	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,100	740	360	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,900	1,305	2,595	55	15	40
Humanities	7,855	3,460	4,395	55	30	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	750	185	565	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	65	120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,580	2,050	2,535	40	20	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	275	215	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	595	395	200	0	0	0
54. History	435	255	180	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	1,025	295	735	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	12,270	3,305	8,955	70	20	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	15	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,350	465	885	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,355	260	4,095	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	2,155	820	1,335	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	400	85	320	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,575	335	1,240	10	10	10
45. Social sciences	2,365	1,330	1,040	15	10	0
Business, management and public administration	43,520	14,065	29,465	350	95	255
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,530	505	2,025	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40,985	13,555	27,430	325	90	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,710	2,530	2,180	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,485	605	875	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	620	375	245	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	1,280	620	655	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	955	760	195	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	375	170	205	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,865	3,860	2,005	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,055	3,515	1,540	10	0	0
25. Library science	400	65	340	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	335	220	110	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	75	60	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50,205	47,440	2,770	530	500	25
04. Architecture and related services	1,155	735	425	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,790	3,345	445	25	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	8,995	8,105	890	50	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	12,370	12,105	270	85	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	12,925	12,555	370	205	200	10
48. Precision production	10,965	10,595	370	165	160	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,250	5,135	2,115	70	45	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,250	3,395	1,855	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,005	1,740	265	30	25	0
Health and related fields	24,550	4,320	20,235	210	40	175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,325	805	520	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	22,900	3,340	19,560	195	30	160
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	325	170	155	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	17,410	8,650	8,765	125	65	65
12. Personal and culinary services	10,295	2,370	7,930	85	25	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	2,295	1,745	545	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,775	4,490	280	30	30	10
Other	70	20	50	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	20	45	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	219,985	111,390	108,595	1,935	940	985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	70,790	37,290	33,495	790	415	375
Education	9,980	2,125	7,855	65	10	50
13. Education	9,980	2,125	7,855	65	10	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,790	1,465	2,325	55	15	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	815	520	300	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,970	940	2,030	45	10	40
Humanities	4,505	1,980	2,525	35	10	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	560	145	415	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	90	35	60	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,455	1,165	1,290	25	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	160	125	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	175	95	0	0	0
54. History	320	185	140	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	640	145	495	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,810	2,430	7,380	70	20	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,125	375	750	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,585	205	3,380	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	1,635	505	1,125	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	315	75	240	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,245	250	995	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,855	1,005	850	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	35,450	10,880	24,575	260	55	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,000	365	1,635	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	33,445	10,515	22,925	240	55	190
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,915	1,540	1,375	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,240	475	765	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	405	230	170	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	215	120	95	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	760	575	180	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	300	140	155	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,255	3,445	1,815	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,620	3,200	1,415	10	10	0
25. Library science	350	50	300	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	225	135	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	70	60	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	38,470	36,075	2,395	340	320	20
04. Architecture and related services	965	600	360	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,020	2,625	395	25	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	7,200	6,410	785	30	25	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	8,885	8,670	220	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,810	9,505	305	140	140	0
48. Precision production	8,585	8,255	325	105	95	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,995	4,115	1,880	50	35	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,385	2,750	1,630	30	15	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,610	1,360	250	20	20	10
Health and related fields	19,085	3,305	15,785	150	15	145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,065	630	435	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	17,795	2,595	15,200	145	15	135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	230	80	145	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,870	6,725	7,145	100	45	60
12. Personal and culinary services	8,225	1,755	6,470	70	20	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,750	1,320	430	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,875	3,645	235	30	20	10
Other	65	15	50	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	65	15	45	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	338,470	170,025	168,445	3,170	1,660	1,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	143,505	71,315	72,180	1,530	800	730
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	194,965	98,700	96,265	1,645	860	785
Location of study inside Canada	191,685	96,750	94,935	1,625	845	775
Same as province or territory of residence	189,425	95,440	93,980	1,580	825	755
Different than province or territory of residence	2,255	1,310	950	45	25	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,285	1,950	1,330	20	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	470	300	175	0	0	0
Philippines	55	35	20	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	20	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	65	35	35	0	0	0
France	1,200	760	435	10	0	0
Other	1,445	800	645	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	219,985	111,390	108,595	1,930	945	985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70,790	37,290	33,500	790	420	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	149,195	74,100	75,095	1,140	530	610
Location of study inside Canada	146,595	72,610	73,985	1,120	520	600
Same as province or territory of residence	144,900	71,650	73,245	1,100	505	590
Different than province or territory of residence	1,695	955	740	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,600	1,490	1,115	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	250	140	110	10	0	10
Philippines	55	35	20	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	15	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	65	35	35	0	0	0
France	1,005	620	385	0	10	0
Other	1,200	650	550	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	338,470	170,020	168,450	3,170	1,660	1,515
In the labour force	223,615	118,810	104,810	1,765	940	825
Employed	213,615	112,580	101,035	1,660	865	790
Unemployed	10,005	6,230	3,775	110	80	30
Not in the labour force	114,855	51,215	63,645	1,405	715	685
Participation rate	66.1	69.9	62.2	55.7	56.6	54.5
Employment rate	63.1	66.2	60.0	52.4	52.1	52.1
Unemployment rate	4.5	5.2	3.6	6.2	8.5	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	338,470	170,025	168,450	3,170	1,660	1,515
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	104,490	45,365	59,135	1,325	665	655
Worked	233,980	124,660	109,320	1,855	995	855
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	117,115	65,880	51,240	905	515	390
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	116,860	58,780	58,080	940	475	465
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	43.8	43.6	42.0	41.0	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	223,615	118,805	104,805	1,770	945	820
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,685	1,275	1,405	55	40	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	220,930	117,530	103,400	1,710	900	810
Employee	194,210	101,065	93,145	1,445	745	700
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	26,715	16,460	10,255	265	155	105
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	223,615	118,810	104,810	1,770	945	825
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,690	1,275	1,410	60	40	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	220,930	117,525	103,405	1,710	905	805
0 Management occupations	21,755	14,855	6,895	200	120	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	33,465	9,440	24,025	230	60	170
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	12,810	9,690	3,125	45	30	15
3 Health occupations	15,635	2,450	13,185	125	20	110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	22,590	5,545	17,040	170	30	145
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,070	1,705	2,365	45	15	25
6 Sales and service occupations	47,120	18,770	28,350	290	110	180
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	38,110	36,285	1,825	325	315	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,850	4,600	1,250	65	50	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	19,525	14,180	5,345	210	160	55
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	223,615	118,805	104,805	1,765	940	820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,685	1,280	1,410	60	45	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	220,930	117,530	103,400	1,710	900	810
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11,065	8,110	2,955	110	80	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	595	530	65	0	0	0
22 Utilities	755	635	115	10	10	0
23 Construction	16,180	14,380	1,805	120	100	25
31-33 Manufacturing	40,465	30,055	10,405	370	280	90
41 Wholesale trade	6,880	5,025	1,855	50	40	10
44-45 Retail trade	25,645	11,490	14,155	215	80	135
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,885	7,075	1,815	85	65	25
51 Information and cultural industries	1,885	1,125	760	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	11,510	3,805	7,705	10	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,790	1,085	710	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10,190	5,385	4,805	80	45	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	25	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	6,210	3,745	2,460	40	10	35
61 Educational services	13,150	3,710	9,445	105	25	85
62 Health care and social assistance	27,700	4,255	23,445	235	30	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,470	1,335	1,130	45	30	15
72 Accommodation and food services	12,945	4,460	8,485	75	20	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,530	5,235	5,295	115	75	35
91 Public administration	12,020	6,065	5,960	45	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	213,610	112,580	101,035	1,660	865	795
Worked at home	16,025	8,260	7,765	155	65	90
Worked outside Canada	550	485	65	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	18,420	14,415	4,010	145	115	35
Worked at usual place	178,620	89,425	89,195	1,355	690	670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	178,620	89,425	89,190	1,360	690	670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	83,030	39,970	43,065	320	155	165
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	27,455	14,260	13,195	330	105	220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	67,915	35,035	32,880	710	425	285
Commute to a different province or territory	220	165	55	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	197,035	103,840	93,200	1,505	800	700
Car, truck, van - as a driver	171,465	91,340	80,130	1,295	690	610
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	7,950	3,880	4,065	85	60	20
Public transit	4,655	2,000	2,655	0	0	0
Walked	10,060	4,845	5,215	95	35	55
Bicycle	1,045	790	255	10	0	10
Other method	1,865	975	885	25	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	197,040	103,840	93,200	1,505	800	700
Less than 15 minutes	77,015	38,230	38,785	690	335	360
15 to 29 minutes	64,070	33,670	30,400	410	215	190
30 to 44 minutes	35,215	19,725	15,485	220	130	85
45 to 59 minutes	12,025	6,525	5,500	115	65	55
60 minutes and over	8,715	5,695	3,020	65	55	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	197,040	103,840	93,200	1,505	800	700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	13,555	10,470	3,080	70	60	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	45,475	30,745	14,730	330	250	80
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65,355	30,175	35,175	555	285	270
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	31,635	11,880	19,760	235	65	175
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	12,105	4,210	7,895	135	50	90
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	28,920	16,355	12,565	175	100	75
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	238,765	126,790	111,975	1,900	1,020	880
Single responses	234,710	124,305	110,400	1,830	975	855
Official languages	234,595	124,235	110,360	1,830	975	850
English	3,200	1,935	1,265	65	30	30
French	231,395	122,300	109,095	1,765	945	820
Non-official languages	110	75	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	75	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	60	35	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	60	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	55	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,055	2,485	1,575	70	45	30
English and French	3,875	2,375	1,495	70	45	30
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	55	25	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	238,765	126,790	111,975	1,900	1,020	880
None	208,140	108,570	99,570	1,590	865	730
English	27,745	16,630	11,110	260	140	120
French	2,280	1,320	960	45	20	25
Non-official language	355	180	180	0	0	10
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	350	170	180	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	85	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	404,220	203,635	200,585	3,750	2,000	1,745
Non-movers	370,375	187,140	183,235	3,420	1,840	1,575
Movers	33,850	16,495	17,350	335	160	175
Non-migrants	18,735	9,235	9,505	115	60	60
Migrants	15,115	7,265	7,850	215	105	115
Internal migrants	14,505	6,890	7,610	215	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	14,205	6,740	7,470	215	105	115
Interprovincial migrants	295	155	140	0	0	0
External migrants	615	375	240	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	385,255	193,870	191,385	3,620	1,930	1,690
Non-movers	279,595	141,690	137,905	2,570	1,375	1,190
Movers	105,660	52,180	53,480	1,060	555	505
Non-migrants	57,415	28,365	29,050	465	260	205
Migrants	48,240	23,810	24,430	595	300	295
Internal migrants	46,030	22,590	23,445	585	290	295
Intraprovincial migrants	45,190	22,165	23,025	575	290	290
Interprovincial migrants	845	430	420	10	10	0
External migrants	2,215	1,225	985	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec and Danville, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec and Danville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec and Danville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chaudière-Appalaches [Economic region], Quebec and Danville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec