Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay--Alberni [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Etchemin, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Courtenay--Alberni British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Courtenay--Alberni [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,822	...	...	114,647	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,061	...	...	110,324^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,076	...	...	57,577	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,679	...	...	52,346	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.3	...	...	14.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	157.21	...	...	7,912.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,820	1,865	1,955	114,650	55,680	58,960
0 to 14 years	525	285	240	14,420	7,430	6,990
0 to 4 years	130	70	60	4,510	2,310	2,200
5 to 9 years	205	115	85	5,025	2,585	2,445
10 to 14 years	185	100	90	4,885	2,535	2,345
15 to 64 years	2,150	1,065	1,085	66,310	31,940	34,370
15 to 19 years	150	75	80	5,200	2,665	2,535
20 to 24 years	150	90	65	4,745	2,515	2,230
25 to 29 years	115	55	60	4,695	2,315	2,375
30 to 34 years	155	75	80	5,420	2,650	2,765
35 to 39 years	195	100	95	5,550	2,660	2,890
40 to 44 years	195	100	90	5,620	2,740	2,875
45 to 49 years	205	105	100	6,295	3,010	3,295
50 to 54 years	275	130	135	8,115	3,755	4,360
55 to 59 years	350	165	185	9,800	4,625	5,180
60 to 64 years	355	165	190	10,860	5,005	5,855
65 years and over	1,145	515	635	33,915	16,315	17,605
65 to 69 years	335	160	175	11,285	5,530	5,755
70 to 74 years	275	135	135	8,595	4,230	4,370
75 to 79 years	195	85	110	5,940	2,955	2,985
80 to 84 years	185	85	100	4,230	2,055	2,175
85 years and over	160	45	110	3,865	1,545	2,315
85 to 89 years	100	30	70	2,440	1,100	1,340
90 to 94 years	45	15	25	1,105	365	735
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	290	80	220
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	10	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	15.3	12.3	12.6	13.3	11.9
15 to 64 years	56.3	57.1	55.5	57.8	57.4	58.3
65 years and over	30.0	27.6	32.5	29.6	29.3	29.9
85 years and over	4.2	2.4	5.6	3.4	2.8	3.9
Average age of the population	49.1	47.3	50.8	48.6	47.8	49.3
Median age of the population	54.1	51.8	55.7	53.4	52.6	54.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,680	...	...	52,345	...	...
Single-detached house	1,250	...	...	37,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	230	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	420	...	...	12,500	...	...
Semi-detached house	30	...	...	3,315	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	2,565	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	1,415	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	250	...	...	5,100	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	105	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	2,480	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,675	...	...	52,345	...	...
1 person	600	...	...	15,955	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	23,475	...	...
3 persons	175	...	...	6,125	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	4,455	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	2,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,525	...	...	112,050	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,300	1,580	1,720	100,225	48,250	51,975
Married or living common law	1,870	935	940	61,395	30,650	30,750
Married	1,245	620	620	49,810	24,890	24,920
Living common law	635	310	320	11,585	5,760	5,825
Not married and not living common law	1,425	645	775	38,830	17,605	21,230
Never married	855	480	380	20,360	11,285	9,075
Separated	55	20	35	2,980	1,320	1,660
Divorced	210	95	120	8,245	3,395	4,850
Widowed	300	55	245	7,245	1,605	5,640
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,050	...	...	34,975	...	...
2 persons	650	...	...	23,715	...	...
3 persons	165	...	...	5,665	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	4,025	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,050	...	...	34,970	...	...
Total couple families	915	...	...	30,025	...	...
Married couples	595	...	...	24,235	...	...
Common-law couples	315	...	...	5,795	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	140	...	...	4,940	...	...
Female parent	100	...	...	3,800	...	...
Male parent	40	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	915	...	...	30,025	...	...
Couples without children	565	...	...	20,505	...	...
Couples with children	345	...	...	9,525	...	...
1 child	130	...	...	4,385	...	...
2 children	145	...	...	3,685	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	1,455	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	4,940	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	3,215	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	1,285	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	690	315	375	23,150	10,665	12,485
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,680	...	...	52,345	...	...
One-census-family households	1,050	...	...	33,680	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	560	...	...	19,930	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	485	...	...	13,750	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	635	...	...
Non-census-family households	630	...	...	18,030	...	...
One-person households	600	...	...	15,955	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	2,070	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,645	1,800	1,845	113,150	55,135	58,015
English only	5	5	5	105,280	51,585	53,695
French only	2,835	1,345	1,490	25	15	15
English and French	805	455	350	7,580	3,430	4,150
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	265	110	155
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,645	1,795	1,845	113,150	55,140	58,015
English	25	10	20	110,985	54,100	56,885
French	3,610	1,785	1,825	1,845	895	950
English and French	5	5	5	80	40	40
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	245	100	145
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	30	10	15	1,885	915	965
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.6	0.8	1.7	1.7	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,640	1,795	1,850	113,150	55,140	58,015
Single responses	3,630	1,790	1,845	112,185	54,675	57,510
Official languages	3,615	1,780	1,835	104,015	50,935	53,080
English	25	10	15	101,960	49,935	52,020
French	3,590	1,770	1,820	2,060	1,000	1,060
Non-official languages	15	10	5	8,170	3,740	4,435
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	255	120	135
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	5	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	170	90	80
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	160	85	75
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	5	7,915	3,615	4,295
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	45	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	5	0	5	25	20	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	215	110	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	215	110	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	465	130	330
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	5	50	15	35
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	355	100	255
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	5,745	2,730	3,020
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	985	435	545
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	955	420	535
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	125	60	70
Czech	0	0	0	95	40	50
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	180	80	100
Russian	0	0	0	130	50	80
Serbian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	50	25	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	60	20	35
Ukrainian	0	0	0	255	115	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	3,365	1,590	1,775
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	45	45
Danish	0	0	0	240	125	120
Dutch	0	5	0	920	440	485
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	5
German	0	0	0	1,870	870	1,005
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Swedish	0	0	0	100	45	55
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	30	15	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	555	310	250
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	525	285	235
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	70	40	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	395	210	185
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	765	350	415
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	335	175	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	90	40	50
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	325	125	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	150	60	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	225	100	120
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	555	230	325
Chinese languages	0	0	0	555	230	320
Cantonese	0	0	0	275	115	160
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	190	75	115
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	45	15	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	330	150	180
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	130	55	80
Hungarian	0	0	0	185	90	90
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	965	460	500
English and French	5	5	0	275	125	150
English and non-official language	0	0	0	660	325	340
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,640	1,795	1,845	113,150	55,135	58,015
Single responses	3,630	1,790	1,840	111,780	54,530	57,250
Official languages	3,630	1,790	1,840	109,855	53,635	56,220
English	25	10	15	109,440	53,430	56,005
French	3,600	1,780	1,820	420	200	215
Non-official languages	5	0	5	1,920	895	1,030
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	1,885	870	1,020
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	5	0	0	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	80	85
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	160	80	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	55	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	135	45	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	940	440	500
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	175	75	100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	170	75	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	325	160	165
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	20	20
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	55	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	185	90	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	285	145	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	265	135	135
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	225	115	110
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	145	60	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	80	30	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	165	85	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	285	130	160
Chinese languages	0	0	0	285	125	160
Cantonese	0	0	0	140	60	80
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	110	50	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	1,375	610	765
English and French	5	5	5	140	60	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,215	535	680
French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,640	1,795	1,845	113,155	55,135	58,015
None	3,480	1,720	1,765	108,070	52,835	55,235
English	120	65	55	1,050	505	545
French	15	5	15	1,065	465	600
Non-official language	15	10	5	2,890	1,295	1,595
Aboriginal	0	0	0	210	95	115
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	2,675	1,200	1,475
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,000	1,475	1,530	97,670	47,135	50,540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,965	1,455	1,510	94,990	45,895	49,095
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,551	37,216	25,600	30,869	38,518	25,429
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,965	1,460	1,505	95,100	45,955	49,140
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,056	32,794	24,064	28,065	34,155	23,818
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,670	1,335	1,330	85,200	41,900	43,305
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,568	33,259	19,509	25,994	33,177	20,414
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,355	1,115	1,240	74,325	34,015	40,305
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,995	9,576	10,176	9,923	11,121	8,983
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,875	1,015	865	62,700	32,285	30,415
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,675	36,448	22,272	22,802	26,898	19,770
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,950	1,440	1,510	97,585	47,035	50,550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	1,420	1,485	94,950	45,875	49,075
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,613	45,122	32,391	40,732	48,957	33,042
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	1,415	1,485	95,055	45,930	49,120
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,678	37,290	28,269	34,725	40,849	28,999
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,620	1,290	1,325	85,115	41,870	43,245
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,781	41,343	26,411	37,065	45,456	28,939
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,260	1,075	1,180	74,690	34,195	40,495
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,423	9,778	11,010	9,539	10,017	9,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	1,005	860	62,635	32,155	30,480
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,688	40,223	30,370	33,259	38,800	27,413
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,950	1,440	1,510	97,580	47,030	50,550
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	830	490	335	20,425	11,255	9,175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,871	47,491	35,263	46,238	53,843	40,422
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,133	52,338	39,591	53,586	59,802	45,958
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.4	82.6	73.2	81.4	84.7	76.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.2	63.2	52.2	54.5	57.0	51.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.7	17.6	27.0	18.6	15.3	23.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,005	1,470	1,530	97,675	47,130	50,540
Without total income	40	15	25	2,685	1,235	1,445
With total income	2,965	1,455	1,510	94,985	45,895	49,095
Percentage with total income	98.7	99.0	98.7	97.2	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	265	110	155	12,130	4,815	7,320
$10,000 to $19,999	605	205	400	18,555	6,865	11,685
$20,000 to $29,999	575	260	310	15,585	6,305	9,285
$30,000 to $39,999	420	190	230	12,800	5,780	7,015
$40,000 to $49,999	420	245	180	10,035	5,165	4,870
$50,000 to $59,999	270	190	80	7,130	4,085	3,050
$60,000 to $69,999	160	95	60	5,385	3,460	1,915
$70,000 to $79,999	105	65	40	3,810	2,475	1,335
$80,000 to $89,999	45	20	20	2,730	1,830	900
$90,000 to $99,999	30	25	5	1,880	1,295	585
$100,000 and over	65	45	15	4,950	3,825	1,130
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	3,550	2,750	805
$150,000 and over	30	25	10	1,400	1,070	325
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,000	1,470	1,530	97,670	47,130	50,540
Without after-tax income	40	15	25	2,570	1,175	1,395
With after-tax income	2,965	1,455	1,505	95,100	45,960	49,140
Percentage with after-tax income	98.8	99.0	98.4	97.4	97.5	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	285	115	170	12,990	5,155	7,835
$10,000 to $19,999	630	220	415	19,515	7,410	12,100
$20,000 to $29,999	700	315	380	18,230	7,565	10,670
$30,000 to $39,999	545	290	250	14,240	6,780	7,455
$40,000 to $49,999	410	270	145	10,295	5,610	4,685
$50,000 to $59,999	205	130	80	6,915	4,340	2,575
$60,000 to $69,999	85	50	40	4,650	3,065	1,595
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	10	3,035	2,080	955
$80,000 and over	55	40	15	5,230	3,960	1,270
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	1,830	1,340	490
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	1,075	830	250
$100,000 and over	35	20	5	2,320	1,785	530
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,005	1,475	1,530	97,675	47,135	50,540
Without employment income	1,130	460	670	34,970	14,850	20,125
With employment income	1,875	1,010	865	62,700	32,285	30,415
Percentage with employment income	62.4	68.5	56.5	64.2	68.5	60.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	300	165	135	15,035	7,815	7,220
$5,000 to $9,999	150	55	95	5,365	2,310	3,055
$10,000 to $19,999	275	115	165	8,805	3,775	5,035
$20,000 to $29,999	210	95	115	7,435	3,170	4,260
$30,000 to $39,999	250	125	125	6,170	2,675	3,500
$40,000 to $49,999	225	150	75	4,955	2,405	2,550
$50,000 to $59,999	180	130	50	3,665	2,060	1,610
$60,000 to $69,999	105	60	40	2,870	1,895	975
$70,000 to $79,999	75	50	25	2,350	1,575	775
$80,000 and over	90	70	30	6,045	4,605	1,445
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	1,750	1,175	575
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	0	1,160	840	320
$100,000 and over	45	30	10	3,135	2,585	550
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,680	...	...	52,345	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,048	...	...	59,265	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,915	...	...	52,881	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	600	...	...	15,955	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,605	...	...	30,852	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,984	...	...	28,189	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,080	...	...	36,390	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,149	...	...	74,414	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,264	...	...	66,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,675	...	...	52,255	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,727	...	...	74,007	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,471	...	...	63,163	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	590	...	...	15,885	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,863	...	...	39,815	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,036	...	...	34,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	36,375	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,101	...	...	88,939	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,885	...	...	75,734	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,680	...	...	52,345	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	815	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	760	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	1,825	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	2,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	2,750	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	2,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	2,835	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	2,865	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	2,560	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	2,480	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	4,620	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	4,305	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	3,785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	3,295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...	2,720	...	...
$100,000 and over	295	...	...	11,750	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	4,765	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	2,880	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	2,545	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,680	...	...	52,345	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	870	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	780	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	1,860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	2,620	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	3,135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	3,005	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	3,305	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	3,195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	2,960	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	2,880	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	5,305	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	4,735	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	4,010	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	3,215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	2,445	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	8,015	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	4,050	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	1,895	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	2,080	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,065	...	...	34,710	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,302	...	...	74,380	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,392	...	...	65,986	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	560	...	...	19,625	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,704	...	...	72,330	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,896	...	...	64,072	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	9,635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,608	...	...	97,804	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,760	...	...	85,150	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	4,635	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,752	...	...	41,434	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,528	...	...	38,939	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,060	...	...	34,755	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,278	...	...	88,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,829	...	...	75,539	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...	19,705	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,561	...	...	88,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,246	...	...	74,533	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	9,590	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,374	...	...	108,723	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,351	...	...	92,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	4,670	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,471	...	...	50,223	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,312	...	...	44,903	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	655	300	355	21,180	9,845	11,335
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,176	29,568	24,320	28,122	29,358	27,365
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,960	27,456	23,765	25,961	26,662	25,557
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	650	295	350	21,030	9,685	11,345
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,989	36,548	29,986	36,994	37,966	36,164
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,478	30,800	26,520	32,117	32,578	31,724
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,520	1,755	1,765	112,055	54,545	57,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,165	1,045	1,120	64,140	30,345	33,800
In the bottom decile	265	125	145	14,100	6,800	7,300
In the second decile	395	180	220	13,575	6,095	7,480
In the third decile	580	270	310	12,440	5,805	6,635
In the fourth decile	450	230	220	12,135	5,760	6,375
In the fifth decile	470	255	220	11,895	5,885	6,010
In the top half of the distribution	1,355	705	650	47,910	24,200	23,710
In the sixth decile	425	220	205	11,525	5,670	5,850
In the seventh decile	455	225	230	10,765	5,410	5,360
In the eighth decile	255	140	120	9,940	5,015	4,930
In the ninth decile	145	80	65	8,955	4,600	4,350
In the top decile	85	50	40	6,725	3,505	3,220
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,520	1,755	1,765	109,995	53,460	56,535
0 to 17 years	610	320	285	16,910	8,650	8,260
0 to 5 years	170	90	80	5,235	2,685	2,550
18 to 64 years	1,965	985	985	61,120	29,220	31,900
65 years and over	945	450	495	31,960	15,590	16,370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	495	220	275	18,965	8,740	10,225
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	4,260	2,205	2,050
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	1,410	720	685
18 to 64 years	255	110	145	10,815	4,940	5,880
65 years and over	160	65	90	3,885	1,590	2,295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.5	15.6	17.2	16.3	18.1
0 to 17 years (%)	13.1	14.1	12.3	25.2	25.5	24.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	16.7	18.8	26.9	26.8	26.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	11.2	14.7	17.7	16.9	18.4
65 years and over (%)	16.9	14.4	18.2	12.2	10.2	14.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	75	85	8,685	4,325	4,355
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	1,805	925	885
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	595	310	285
18 to 64 years	130	60	70	6,305	3,130	3,180
65 years and over	15	0	5	575	270	300
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.3	4.8	7.9	8.1	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.1	3.5	10.7	10.7	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	0.0	6.3	11.4	11.5	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.1	7.1	10.3	10.7	10.0
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.0	1.0	1.8	1.7	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,520	1,720	1,805	111,965	54,525	57,445
Official languages	3,525	1,720	1,805	111,665	54,400	57,270
English	740	410	330	111,645	54,385	57,260
French	3,515	1,715	1,800	7,620	3,470	4,150
Non-official languages	90	55	35	11,665	5,485	6,185
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	490	225	265
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Comox	0	0	0	10	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	395	180	215
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	375	175	195
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	55	40	11,195	5,265	5,930
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	100	60	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	100	55	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	50	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	305	150	155
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	305	155	155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	580	170	410
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	55	15	40
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	510	145	365
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	40	25	20
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	35	20	8,385	4,060	4,330
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,145	500	645
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,130	495	640
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	210	95	110
Czech	0	0	0	115	70	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	215	95	120
Russian	0	0	0	215	90	125
Serbian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	70	35	40
Ukrainian	0	0	0	255	115	145
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Welsh	0	0	0	45	20	25
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	4,075	2,000	2,075
Afrikaans	0	0	0	210	115	95
Danish	0	0	0	295	125	175
Dutch	10	10	0	1,040	490	555
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
German	10	10	0	2,420	1,220	1,200
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	95	35	60
Swedish	0	0	0	130	70	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	70	55	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	790	410	370
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	745	400	345
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hindi	0	0	0	175	95	85
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	625	330	290
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	50	30	20	2,505	1,195	1,310
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	15	10	0	630	330	305
Portuguese	0	0	0	155	75	85
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	35	25	15	1,800	820	980
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	275	140	130
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	205	95	105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
American Sign Language	0	0	0	80	40	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	55	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	760	335	430
Chinese languages	0	0	0	755	325	430
Cantonese	0	0	0	385	135	255
Hakka	0	0	0	40	25	20
Mandarin	0	0	0	305	135	175
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	45	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	40	25	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	410	185	225
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Finnish	0	0	0	145	60	85
Hungarian	0	0	0	250	115	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,525	1,715	1,805	111,965	54,525	57,445
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,490	1,700	1,785	108,520	52,965	55,560
Canadian citizens aged under 18	630	305	330	17,140	8,890	8,250
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,855	1,395	1,455	91,380	44,075	47,310
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	20	3,445	1,560	1,885
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,525	1,715	1,805	111,965	54,525	57,440
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,420	1,670	1,745	95,855	46,970	48,890
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	95	40	50	15,455	7,260	8,190
Before 1981	15	10	0	10,490	5,125	5,360
1981 to 1990	0	10	0	1,410	540	865
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,125	435	685
2001 to 2010	50	20	35	1,605	730	885
2001 to 2005	20	0	20	715	305	410
2006 to 2010	35	10	15	895	420	475
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	10	830	435	395
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	660	295	360
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	90	45	50	15,450	7,260	8,190
Under 5 years	45	15	30	1,825	965	860
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	2,695	1,340	1,355
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	4,030	1,805	2,225
25 to 44 years	30	15	15	5,940	2,720	3,220
45 years and over	0	0	0	965	430	535
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	40	50	15,455	7,260	8,190
Americas	10	0	10	2,125	905	1,220
Brazil	0	0	0	30	10	20
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	15	15	0
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	20	25
Mexico	0	0	0	85	15	70
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	40	10	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	1,735	750	990
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	115	60	60
Europe	30	20	10	10,430	5,110	5,320
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	0	20
Croatia	0	0	0	140	75	65
France	15	10	0	135	75	60
Germany	0	0	0	1,335	675	655
Greece	0	0	0	45	25	15
Hungary	0	0	0	135	65	65
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	170	90	85
Italy	0	10	0	245	145	100
Netherlands	0	10	0	940	445	495
Poland	0	0	0	180	60	120
Portugal	0	0	0	65	55	10
Romania	0	0	0	25	20	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	70	20	55
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	5,670	2,750	2,915
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	1,190	580	610
Africa	20	15	10	540	270	270
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	345	190	160
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	120	55	65
Asia	35	10	30	1,985	795	1,185
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	0	25	290	120	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	45	25	20
India	0	0	0	395	185	205
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	75	30	50
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	125	60	65
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	450	130	320
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	55	25	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	275	115	155
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	180	65	115
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	370	180	195
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	830	435	390
Americas	10	0	0	190	110	75
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	10	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	145	90	60
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	225	140	90
France	15	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	110	80	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	55	35	20
Africa	0	0	0	45	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	330	125	200
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	15	0
India	0	0	0	70	35	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	135	45	95
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	30	0
Australia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,520	1,715	1,805	111,970	54,525	57,440
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	100	50	55	16,870	7,975	8,890
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	70	30	35	22,820	11,295	11,525
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,355	1,635	1,715	72,285	35,255	37,025
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	75	35	40	5,235	2,245	2,990
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	15	10	2,490	1,170	1,320
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	10	10	1,165	695	470
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	1,325	475	850
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	50	15	35	2,360	900	1,460
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	305	140	160
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,520	1,720	1,805	111,965	54,530	57,440
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	0	10,475	4,950	5,530
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	10,150	4,835	5,320
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	7,155	3,450	3,710
Métis	10	10	0	2,915	1,350	1,565
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	80	35	45
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	185	75	115
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	135	35	95
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,515	1,715	1,800	101,495	49,580	51,915
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,525	1,720	1,805	111,965	54,530	57,440
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	10	5,770	2,775	2,990
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,515	1,720	1,800	106,200	51,745	54,450
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,525	1,720	1,800	111,970	54,525	57,440
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	10	15	3,780	1,920	1,860
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	10	15	3,760	1,915	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	15	3,410	1,720	1,685
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	320	175	145
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	100	20	75	7,480	3,420	4,055
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	100	20	75	7,195	3,305	3,885
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	15	80	4,880	2,230	2,650
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	2,255	1,055	1,205
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	285	115	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	285	115	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,400	1,690	1,710	100,705	49,185	51,525
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,520	1,720	1,805	111,970	54,525	57,440
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	75	25	50	4,990	2,295	2,695
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,110	535	575
Chinese	25	0	20	1,105	520	590
Black	10	0	10	520	260	260
Filipino	10	0	0	690	225	470
Latin American	0	0	0	170	60	105
Arab	35	15	10	35	25	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	415	205	210
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Korean	0	0	0	200	95	100
Japanese	0	0	0	430	210	220
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	155	95	55
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,445	1,695	1,755	106,980	52,235	54,745
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,520	1,720	1,805	111,965	54,525	57,440
North American Aboriginal origins	125	35	90	11,265	5,340	5,920
First Nations (North American Indian)	120	25	90	8,595	4,075	4,525
Inuit	0	0	0	90	35	50
Métis	0	0	0	2,880	1,350	1,530
Other North American origins	2,960	1,445	1,510	29,955	14,705	15,245
Acadian	0	10	0	135	80	60
American	20	10	15	2,380	1,170	1,215
Canadian	2,930	1,430	1,500	28,245	13,875	14,365
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	85	40	45
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	65	35	30	65	20	45
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	30	10	25
European origins	1,035	495	535	92,410	44,750	47,665
British Isles origins	120	35	80	68,845	33,165	35,680
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	25	10	10
English	35	0	25	44,215	21,170	23,050
Irish	75	25	50	22,550	10,265	12,285
Manx	0	0	0	115	55	65
Scottish	15	0	10	30,725	14,615	16,115
Welsh	0	0	0	3,970	1,930	2,040
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	4,180	1,940	2,240
French origins	920	460	465	13,170	5,810	7,360
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	925	460	470	13,165	5,800	7,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	85	30	60	24,110	11,620	12,485
Austrian	10	0	0	1,360	570	785
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	10	35	710	370	340
Dutch	0	0	0	6,645	3,290	3,360
Flemish	0	0	0	70	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	25	15	15
German	25	10	15	16,415	7,815	8,600
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swiss	0	0	0	790	435	355
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	11,885	5,510	6,375
Danish	0	0	0	2,225	1,050	1,175
Finnish	0	0	0	1,180	585	595
Icelandic	0	0	0	825	385	440
Norwegian	0	0	0	4,875	2,235	2,645
Swedish	0	0	0	3,520	1,590	1,925
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	560	250	310
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	14,070	6,725	7,345
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	595	320	275
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	255	105	145
Estonian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,515	725	795
Latvian	0	0	0	100	35	65
Lithuanian	0	0	0	140	80	60
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polish	10	0	10	3,510	1,605	1,900
Romanian	0	0	0	525	285	240
Russian	0	0	0	2,800	1,350	1,445
Slovak	0	0	10	240	130	110
Ukrainian	0	10	0	6,220	2,935	3,275
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	65	40	30
Southern European origins	20	10	15	6,470	3,240	3,230
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	545	260	280
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	415	190	230
Italian	10	0	10	3,615	1,865	1,755
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	135	60	80
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	265	220
Serbian	0	0	0	130	60	75
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	165	90	80
Spanish	15	10	10	960	440	520
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	215	100	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	740	345	390
Basque	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	275	120	155
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	55	10	45
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	380	195	180
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	310	180	135
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	145	90	55
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	30	30	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	560	255	305
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Chilean	0	0	0	70	40	30
Colombian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	25	0	15
Mexican	0	0	0	240	95	145
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	35	20	10	920	445	475
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins	30	20	15	110	55	55
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	25	10	10
Moroccan	35	15	15	30	10	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	375	170	205
Afrikaner	0	0	0	45	35	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	10
South African	0	0	0	275	125	150
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	375	185	190
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	355	180	175
Asian origins	35	10	30	4,795	2,210	2,590
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	365	175	190
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Armenian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	60	30	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	25	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	85	35	45
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,250	620	630
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,140	565	575
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	20	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	70	40	30
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	15	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	0	30	3,180	1,390	1,785
Burmese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	25	0	25	1,260	590	665
Filipino	10	0	0	775	250	525
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Japanese	0	0	0	485	235	255
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	205	95	110
Laotian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Thai	0	10	0	50	10	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	325	170	155
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	25	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	780	380	405
Australian	0	0	0	445	215	230
New Zealander	0	0	0	185	100	80
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	170	65	100
Fijian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	85	35	50
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,680	...	...	52,260	...	...
Owner	1,220	...	...	39,855	...	...
Renter	460	...	...	12,385	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,680	...	...	52,255	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...	5,410	...	...
Not condominium	1,605	...	...	46,850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,680	...	...	52,260	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	280	...	...
1 bedroom	150	...	...	4,290	...	...
2 bedrooms	495	...	...	16,825	...	...
3 bedrooms	605	...	...	20,460	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	430	...	...	10,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,680	...	...	52,260	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	455	...	...	11,855	...	...
5 rooms	275	...	...	9,745	...	...
6 rooms	295	...	...	9,625	...	...
7 rooms	195	...	...	7,025	...	...
8 or more rooms	455	...	...	14,005	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,680	...	...	52,260	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,680	...	...	51,880	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,680	...	...	52,260	...	...
Suitable	1,660	...	...	50,880	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,680	...	...	52,260	...	...
1960 or before	555	...	...	7,815	...	...
1961 to 1980	480	...	...	14,355	...	...
1981 to 1990	210	...	...	7,890	...	...
1991 to 2000	175	...	...	10,935	...	...
2001 to 2005	90	...	...	3,820	...	...
2006 to 2010	80	...	...	4,735	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	90	...	...	2,715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,680	...	...	52,255	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,600	...	...	48,740	...	...
Major repairs needed	80	...	...	3,520	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,680	...	...	52,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,130	...	...	30,580	...	...
2 household maintainers	540	...	...	20,705	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,680	...	...	52,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	1,105	...	...
25 to 34 years	140	...	...	4,540	...	...
35 to 44 years	220	...	...	5,880	...	...
45 to 54 years	250	...	...	8,160	...	...
55 to 64 years	425	...	...	11,755	...	...
65 to 74 years	330	...	...	12,000	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	6,570	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	2,240	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,665	...	...	51,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,440	...	...	39,385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	11,825	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...	10,245	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...	39,055	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.1	...	...	49.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.9	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	617	...	...	716	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	770	...	...	960	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,543	...	...	349,700	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	161,605	...	...	405,566	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	460	...	...	12,200	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.1	...	...	12.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.3	...	...	48.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	518	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	572	...	...	920	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,945	1,440	1,510	97,585	47,035	50,550
No certificate, diploma or degree	755	385	370	16,765	8,680	8,085
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	675	280	395	28,695	13,235	15,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,515	770	745	52,125	25,115	27,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	405	240	12,200	9,175	3,020
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	445	245	200	4,950	2,950	2,000
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	205	165	45	7,250	6,230	1,020
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	465	205	260	20,760	7,540	13,215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	10	75	3,185	1,225	1,955
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	310	155	160	15,985	7,170	8,815
Bachelor's degree	215	100	120	10,135	4,260	5,875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	35	30	1,275	500	780
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	500	315	180
Master's degree	15	0	10	3,395	1,650	1,745
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	680	450	235
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,760	860	905	55,620	25,975	29,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	305	165	135	6,940	3,905	3,030
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	335	135	195	15,945	7,475	8,475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,125	555	570	32,730	14,595	18,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	525	300	225	7,270	5,435	1,835
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	395	205	185	3,125	1,880	1,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	95	35	4,145	3,560	585
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345	150	195	13,760	4,770	8,990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30	2,000	780	1,225
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	215	95	120	9,695	3,610	6,090
Bachelor's degree	145	60	90	6,425	2,305	4,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	675	205	470
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	15	0	300	145	155
Master's degree	10	0	10	2,070	855	1,215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	230	100	130
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,945	1,440	1,510	97,580	47,035	50,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,435	665	770	45,460	21,915	23,540
Education	205	65	140	4,590	1,300	3,290
13. Education	205	60	140	4,590	1,300	3,290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	55	10	1,955	820	1,140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	45	0	330	240	90
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	1,620	580	1,050
Humanities	50	25	25	1,935	760	1,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	225	60	170
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	545	165	380
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	15	450	140	310
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	105	70	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	210	135	80
54. History	0	0	0	300	170	130
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	25	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	25	60	4,570	1,435	3,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	80	15	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	345	145	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	1,185	105	1,080
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	15	725	240	480
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	55	25	35
42. Psychology	10	10	0	850	260	595
45. Social sciences	0	10	0	1,330	645	685
Business, management and public administration	275	75	205	8,905	2,810	6,095
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	15	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	10	770	140	630
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	255	65	190	8,100	2,660	5,440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	1,575	935	640
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	690	330	365
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	270	160	110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	510	400	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	100	45	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	955	495	460
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	615	355	260
25. Library science	0	0	0	150	25	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	170	110	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	380	360	20	12,095	11,435	660
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	210	150	60
14. Engineering	20	20	0	1,240	1,145	95
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	55	0	2,010	1,780	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	85	0	3,590	3,480	110
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	75	0	3,470	3,360	105
48. Precision production	135	125	10	1,575	1,520	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	10	1,840	1,220	620
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	885	490	400
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	950	730	225
Health and related fields	270	60	215	9,360	1,550	7,805
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	495	220	280
51. Health professions and related programs	255	50	210	8,740	1,270	7,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	125	70	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	60	55	4,340	2,355	1,985
12. Personal and culinary services	70	15	55	2,440	695	1,750
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	70	70	10
43. Security and protective services	10	15	0	445	345	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	1,375	1,235	135
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,760	855	900	55,615	25,975	29,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	640	305	335	22,885	11,380	11,505
Education	110	35	70	2,455	595	1,860
13. Education	110	35	75	2,455	595	1,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	45	10	1,345	510	835
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	40	0	200	135	65
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	10	1,150	380	770
Humanities	20	10	15	1,090	415	675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	125	25	95
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	275	85	185
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	285	80	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	80	45	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	100	65	40
54. History	0	0	0	180	105	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	55	2,895	710	2,185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	245	80	165
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	810	80	735
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	465	115	345
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	45	10	35
42. Psychology	0	0	0	480	80	400
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	790	330	460
Business, management and public administration	235	60	175	5,680	1,565	4,115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	0	590	75	510
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	215	50	165	5,075	1,480	3,595
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	925	470	460
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	460	200	260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	165	85	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	240	155	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	25	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	640	335	305
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	475	300	180
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	10	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	25	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	280	260	20	7,060	6,570	490
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	115	65	50
14. Engineering	15	15	0	615	550	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	45	40	0	1,070	915	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	10	2,365	2,275	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	60	0	2,020	1,940	80
48. Precision production	100	95	10	875	835	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	0	1,230	765	470
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	10	545	265	280
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	685	505	185
Health and related fields	220	50	165	6,385	1,040	5,345
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	10	375	160	215
51. Health professions and related programs	205	45	160	5,945	850	5,090
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	25	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	40	55	3,035	1,620	1,410
12. Personal and culinary services	60	0	55	1,750	540	1,205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	325	235	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	915	810	105
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,950	1,440	1,510	97,585	47,030	50,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,435	670	765	45,460	21,915	23,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,515	775	740	52,125	25,115	27,005
Location of study inside Canada	1,480	750	720	45,465	21,620	23,850
Same as province or territory of residence	1,455	735	720	30,565	14,345	16,220
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	0	14,900	7,270	7,630
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	20	15	6,660	3,500	3,160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,795	950	840
Philippines	0	0	0	255	65	195
India	0	0	0	175	80	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	2,110	1,220	890
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	20	45
France	10	0	0	45	25	20
Other	35	15	10	2,220	1,135	1,085
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,765	855	900	55,615	25,975	29,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	635	305	335	22,880	11,380	11,505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,125	555	565	32,730	14,595	18,140
Location of study inside Canada	1,100	550	555	29,795	13,295	16,495
Same as province or territory of residence	1,080	530	550	21,470	9,475	11,995
Different than province or territory of residence	25	15	0	8,315	3,820	4,500
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	15	2,945	1,300	1,645
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	855	395	460
Philippines	0	0	0	225	55	170
India	0	0	0	140	60	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	630	330	300
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	65	20	45
France	10	0	0	20	0	10
Other	10	10	10	1,025	430	590
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,945	1,440	1,510	97,580	47,030	50,550
In the labour force	1,615	850	765	50,835	26,000	24,835
Employed	1,525	805	720	46,550	23,470	23,085
Unemployed	90	50	40	4,285	2,530	1,750
Not in the labour force	1,330	585	745	46,745	21,035	25,710
Participation rate	54.8	59.0	50.7	52.1	55.3	49.1
Employment rate	51.8	55.9	47.7	47.7	49.9	45.7
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.9	5.2	8.4	9.7	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,950	1,440	1,510	97,580	47,035	50,550
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,270	530	745	42,955	19,180	23,775
Worked	1,680	910	765	54,630	27,855	26,775
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	845	500	345	21,365	11,860	9,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	835	410	425	33,265	15,995	17,275
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	43.6	44.0	40.2	40.1	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,615	855	765	50,835	26,000	24,840
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	0	20	930	520	415
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,590	850	745	49,900	25,485	24,420
Employee	1,350	715	635	41,130	20,425	20,705
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	245	140	110	8,775	5,055	3,720
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,615	850	760	50,835	26,000	24,835
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	20	930	520	415
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,590	850	745	49,905	25,480	24,420
0 Management occupations	120	95	20	5,235	2,965	2,270
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	210	50	160	5,835	1,315	4,515
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	35	20	2,360	1,895	465
3 Health occupations	180	50	130	3,855	805	3,055
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	155	35	120	5,370	1,555	3,820
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	20	1,515	610	905
6 Sales and service occupations	320	115	205	13,035	4,930	8,100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	300	295	10	8,605	8,090	515
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	60	10	2,585	2,060	520
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	110	55	1,515	1,260	250
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,615	850	765	50,835	26,000	24,835
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	20	930	515	415
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,595	850	740	49,905	25,485	24,425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	85	10	2,845	2,080	765
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	610	555	50
22 Utilities	0	0	0	125	110	20
23 Construction	110	90	15	4,895	4,335	560
31-33 Manufacturing	310	225	80	2,795	2,200	590
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	935	645	290
44-45 Retail trade	190	85	105	6,970	3,110	3,860
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	40	10	2,125	1,525	600
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	10	695	355	340
52 Finance and insurance	45	10	40	1,255	380	875
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	10	935	435	500
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	20	45	2,600	1,255	1,350
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	40	10	2,325	1,315	1,010
61 Educational services	85	25	55	3,005	850	2,155
62 Health care and social assistance	255	60	195	6,520	1,180	5,335
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	1,335	715	615
72 Accommodation and food services	80	20	60	4,780	1,790	2,980
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	60	55	2,415	1,035	1,375
91 Public administration	65	40	20	2,725	1,600	1,125
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,525	805	720	46,555	23,465	23,085
Worked at home	135	65	80	4,620	2,060	2,560
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	185	125	65
No fixed workplace address	135	110	25	8,130	6,130	2,000
Worked at usual place	1,230	605	620	33,620	15,150	18,465
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,225	605	620	33,620	15,150	18,465
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575	215	360	15,710	6,680	9,025
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	90	65	14,230	6,160	8,070
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	495	305	195	3,095	1,845	1,245
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	580	460	125
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,365	720	645	41,750	21,280	20,470
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,230	660	570	33,310	16,760	16,550
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	40	20	25	2,430	1,250	1,180
Public transit	0	0	0	790	360	435
Walked	85	35	45	2,985	1,370	1,615
Bicycle	0	0	0	885	560	320
Other method	0	0	0	1,350	980	365
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,360	720	645	41,745	21,285	20,465
Less than 15 minutes	645	285	355	20,695	9,505	11,190
15 to 29 minutes	275	130	145	12,005	6,030	5,980
30 to 44 minutes	270	180	90	4,590	2,675	1,915
45 to 59 minutes	75	60	20	1,850	1,095	760
60 minutes and over	95	60	35	2,600	1,975	625
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,365	715	645	41,745	21,280	20,465
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130	100	30	2,535	1,920	615
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	220	145	75	6,200	3,835	2,370
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	500	220	275	10,605	5,975	4,625
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	85	120	10,120	4,070	6,050
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	95	40	55	5,890	2,205	3,695
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	215	120	100	6,395	3,280	3,120
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,725	925	790	56,495	28,760	27,735
Single responses	1,715	925	795	56,345	28,680	27,665
Official languages	1,720	920	795	56,120	28,575	27,545
English	35	30	0	55,980	28,545	27,435
French	1,680	890	790	140	30	110
Non-official languages	0	0	0	220	105	120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	210	95	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	20	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	20	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	75	35	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	30	25
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	155	85	70
English and French	10	10	0	55	40	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	90	45	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,725	930	795	56,495	28,760	27,735
None	1,560	800	755	55,275	28,230	27,045
English	135	100	35	190	60	130
French	30	25	0	610	280	330
Non-official language	0	0	0	395	190	210
Aboriginal	0	0	0	55	0	55
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	340	190	155
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,495	1,705	1,795	111,135	54,085	57,045
Non-movers	3,195	1,605	1,595	94,435	45,845	48,590
Movers	300	95	200	16,700	8,240	8,455
Non-migrants	140	45	95	7,855	3,830	4,025
Migrants	160	55	105	8,845	4,415	4,435
Internal migrants	165	55	105	8,295	4,135	4,155
Intraprovincial migrants	160	55	105	6,235	3,090	3,150
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,055	1,045	1,005
External migrants	0	0	0	550	270	280
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,350	1,635	1,720	107,440	52,285	55,155
Non-movers	2,520	1,275	1,245	63,660	30,940	32,720
Movers	830	360	475	43,775	21,340	22,435
Non-migrants	400	160	240	18,595	9,085	9,515
Migrants	430	200	230	25,180	12,260	12,925
Internal migrants	405	180	220	23,480	11,430	12,050
Intraprovincial migrants	400	180	220	16,915	8,075	8,840
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	6,565	3,355	3,205
External migrants	30	15	15	1,700	830	875

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Etchemin, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay--Alberni [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay--Alberni [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay--Alberni [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay--Alberni [Federal electoral district], British Columbia