Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Island--Powell River [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Etchemin, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			North Island--Powell River British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : North Island--Powell River [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,822	...	...	105,466	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,061	...	...	103,525^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,076	...	...	52,792	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,679	...	...	46,592	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	157.21	...	...	53,659.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,820	1,865	1,955	105,470	52,355	53,110
0 to 14 years	525	285	240	15,325	7,940	7,385
0 to 4 years	130	70	60	4,550	2,405	2,140
5 to 9 years	205	115	85	5,405	2,755	2,655
10 to 14 years	185	100	90	5,370	2,780	2,590
15 to 64 years	2,150	1,065	1,085	65,575	32,175	33,400
15 to 19 years	150	75	80	5,535	2,850	2,685
20 to 24 years	150	90	65	4,410	2,295	2,115
25 to 29 years	115	55	60	4,610	2,340	2,270
30 to 34 years	155	75	80	5,125	2,510	2,620
35 to 39 years	195	100	95	5,410	2,630	2,780
40 to 44 years	195	100	90	5,710	2,740	2,970
45 to 49 years	205	105	100	6,480	3,185	3,290
50 to 54 years	275	130	135	8,560	4,040	4,520
55 to 59 years	350	165	185	9,820	4,760	5,060
60 to 64 years	355	165	190	9,910	4,830	5,080
65 years and over	1,145	515	635	24,565	12,240	12,325
65 to 69 years	335	160	175	9,040	4,665	4,380
70 to 74 years	275	135	135	6,300	3,215	3,085
75 to 79 years	195	85	110	4,050	2,080	1,970
80 to 84 years	185	85	100	2,665	1,300	1,365
85 years and over	160	45	110	2,515	985	1,530
85 to 89 years	100	30	70	1,615	705	910
90 to 94 years	45	15	25	700	230	470
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	175	40	135
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	15.3	12.3	14.5	15.2	13.9
15 to 64 years	56.3	57.1	55.5	62.2	61.5	62.9
65 years and over	30.0	27.6	32.5	23.3	23.4	23.2
85 years and over	4.2	2.4	5.6	2.4	1.9	2.9
Average age of the population	49.1	47.3	50.8	45.7	45.2	46.2
Median age of the population	54.1	51.8	55.7	50.1	49.5	50.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,680	...	...	46,590	...	...
Single-detached house	1,250	...	...	33,305	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	80	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	420	...	...	10,405	...	...
Semi-detached house	30	...	...	2,065	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	2,245	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	1,415	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	250	...	...	4,580	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	100	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	2,800	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,675	...	...	46,590	...	...
1 person	600	...	...	13,820	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	19,625	...	...
3 persons	175	...	...	5,860	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	4,800	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	2,485	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,525	...	...	103,580	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,300	1,580	1,720	90,140	44,415	45,725
Married or living common law	1,870	935	940	55,645	27,795	27,860
Married	1,245	620	620	44,170	22,090	22,075
Living common law	635	310	320	11,480	5,705	5,780
Not married and not living common law	1,425	645	775	34,490	16,625	17,865
Never married	855	480	380	19,075	10,865	8,205
Separated	55	20	35	2,800	1,295	1,505
Divorced	210	95	120	6,970	3,110	3,855
Widowed	300	55	245	5,650	1,350	4,300
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,050	...	...	31,710	...	...
2 persons	650	...	...	20,050	...	...
3 persons	165	...	...	5,465	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	4,390	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,050	...	...	31,710	...	...
Total couple families	915	...	...	27,285	...	...
Married couples	595	...	...	21,545	...	...
Common-law couples	315	...	...	5,740	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	140	...	...	4,430	...	...
Female parent	100	...	...	3,315	...	...
Male parent	40	...	...	1,120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	915	...	...	27,280	...	...
Couples without children	565	...	...	17,230	...	...
Couples with children	345	...	...	10,055	...	...
1 child	130	...	...	4,280	...	...
2 children	145	...	...	4,085	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	1,690	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	4,430	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	2,820	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	1,190	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	690	315	375	19,835	9,895	9,940
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,680	...	...	46,590	...	...
One-census-family households	1,050	...	...	30,510	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	560	...	...	16,730	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	485	...	...	13,780	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	595	...	...
Non-census-family households	630	...	...	15,485	...	...
One-person households	600	...	...	13,820	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	1,665	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,645	1,800	1,845	104,890	52,125	52,765
English only	5	5	5	96,645	48,360	48,280
French only	2,835	1,345	1,490	60	25	40
English and French	805	455	350	7,985	3,650	4,335
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	200	95	105
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,645	1,795	1,845	104,890	52,125	52,760
English	25	10	20	102,590	50,985	51,605
French	3,610	1,785	1,825	1,995	995	1,000
English and French	5	5	5	125	65	65
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	175	80	95
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	30	10	15	2,060	1,025	1,035
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.6	0.8	2.0	2.0	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,640	1,795	1,850	104,890	52,125	52,765
Single responses	3,630	1,790	1,845	104,005	51,710	52,295
Official languages	3,615	1,780	1,835	97,105	48,565	48,540
English	25	10	15	94,945	47,495	47,450
French	3,590	1,770	1,820	2,160	1,070	1,085
Non-official languages	15	10	5	6,900	3,145	3,750
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	540	255	285
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Comox	0	0	0	80	40	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	330	155	180
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	265	120	145
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	5	6,365	2,890	3,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	85	50	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	85	50	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	5	0	5	45	30	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	185	85	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	185	85	100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	430	130	305
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	5	50	20	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	340	100	240
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	4,500	2,120	2,380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	725	330	390
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	700	315	380
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Czech	0	0	0	100	55	50
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	160	65	90
Russian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	135	50	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	2,585	1,230	1,350
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	45	55
Danish	0	0	0	175	90	85
Dutch	0	5	0	580	280	300
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	10
German	0	0	0	1,565	735	830
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Swedish	0	0	0	75	35	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	260	145	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	220	120	105
Bengali	0	0	0	5	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	60	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	870	380	490
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	370	185	190
Portuguese	0	0	0	95	40	50
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0	370	140	230
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Japanese	0	0	0	150	45	100
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	180	85	95
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	405	185	220
Chinese languages	0	0	0	405	185	215
Cantonese	0	0	0	165	80	90
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	170	80	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	65	15	50
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	55	10	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	265	120	140
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	140	70	70
Hungarian	0	0	0	110	45	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	885	415	470
English and French	5	5	0	250	120	130
English and non-official language	0	0	0	595	275	320
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,640	1,795	1,845	104,890	52,125	52,765
Single responses	3,630	1,790	1,840	103,780	51,635	52,140
Official languages	3,630	1,790	1,840	102,175	50,855	51,320
English	25	10	15	101,555	50,560	50,995
French	3,600	1,780	1,820	620	295	325
Non-official languages	5	0	5	1,605	780	825
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	1,575	765	810
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	55	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	135	60	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	110	50	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	815	390	425
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	35	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	280	130	150
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	20	30
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	40	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	170	80	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	75	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	35	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	215	95	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	115	50	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	60	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	205	105	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	200	105	95
Cantonese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	50	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	1,110	490	620
English and French	5	5	5	135	70	70
English and non-official language	0	0	0	945	410	540
French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,640	1,795	1,845	104,885	52,125	52,765
None	3,480	1,720	1,765	99,630	49,790	49,840
English	120	65	55	1,040	505	535
French	15	5	15	1,385	605	780
Non-official language	15	10	5	2,765	1,200	1,570
Aboriginal	0	0	0	455	195	265
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	2,310	1,005	1,305
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	10	0	10	10	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,000	1,475	1,530	88,305	43,565	44,740
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,965	1,455	1,510	85,355	42,255	43,105
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,551	37,216	25,600	32,254	41,063	25,797
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,965	1,460	1,505	85,460	42,325	43,135
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,056	32,794	24,064	29,257	36,288	24,207
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,670	1,335	1,330	76,595	38,605	37,990
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,568	33,259	19,509	27,783	36,335	21,579
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,355	1,115	1,240	63,570	29,225	34,345
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,995	9,576	10,176	8,521	10,060	7,651
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,875	1,015	865	60,975	31,800	29,170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,675	36,448	22,272	25,650	32,751	21,232
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,950	1,440	1,510	88,400	43,670	44,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	1,420	1,485	85,445	42,395	43,050
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,613	45,122	32,391	41,873	51,186	32,701
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	1,415	1,485	85,545	42,445	43,100
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,678	37,290	28,269	35,706	42,560	28,957
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,620	1,290	1,325	76,800	38,750	38,050
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,781	41,343	26,411	38,963	48,507	29,243
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,260	1,075	1,180	63,365	29,235	34,130
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,423	9,778	11,010	9,236	9,929	8,643
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	1,005	860	61,045	31,900	29,140
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,688	40,223	30,370	36,708	44,776	27,876
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,950	1,440	1,510	88,405	43,675	44,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	830	490	335	20,090	11,205	8,885
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,871	47,491	35,263	50,314	60,788	41,740
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,133	52,338	39,591	57,082	66,070	45,750
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.4	82.6	73.2	83.6	86.6	79.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.2	63.2	52.2	63.0	66.5	57.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.7	17.6	27.0	16.4	13.4	21.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,005	1,470	1,530	88,300	43,565	44,740
Without total income	40	15	25	2,945	1,315	1,640
With total income	2,965	1,455	1,510	85,350	42,250	43,100
Percentage with total income	98.7	99.0	98.7	96.7	97.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	265	110	155	11,530	4,520	7,010
$10,000 to $19,999	605	205	400	15,520	5,850	9,665
$20,000 to $29,999	575	260	310	13,060	5,255	7,805
$30,000 to $39,999	420	190	230	11,000	5,015	5,990
$40,000 to $49,999	420	245	180	8,735	4,330	4,405
$50,000 to $59,999	270	190	80	6,440	3,690	2,755
$60,000 to $69,999	160	95	60	4,920	3,200	1,720
$70,000 to $79,999	105	65	40	3,820	2,585	1,235
$80,000 to $89,999	45	20	20	2,865	2,005	860
$90,000 to $99,999	30	25	5	2,080	1,505	570
$100,000 and over	65	45	15	5,390	4,310	1,075
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	3,950	3,130	825
$150,000 and over	30	25	10	1,435	1,180	250
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,000	1,470	1,530	88,305	43,565	44,740
Without after-tax income	40	15	25	2,845	1,240	1,600
With after-tax income	2,965	1,455	1,505	85,465	42,325	43,135
Percentage with after-tax income	98.8	99.0	98.4	96.8	97.2	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	285	115	170	12,095	4,770	7,330
$10,000 to $19,999	630	220	415	16,395	6,310	10,080
$20,000 to $29,999	700	315	380	15,205	6,265	8,940
$30,000 to $39,999	545	290	250	12,440	5,900	6,550
$40,000 to $49,999	410	270	145	9,230	4,960	4,270
$50,000 to $59,999	205	130	80	6,545	4,235	2,310
$60,000 to $69,999	85	50	40	4,690	3,210	1,480
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	10	3,260	2,300	960
$80,000 and over	55	40	15	5,600	4,380	1,220
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	2,035	1,540	490
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	1,190	930	265
$100,000 and over	35	20	5	2,375	1,910	465
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,005	1,475	1,530	88,300	43,565	44,740
Without employment income	1,130	460	670	27,325	11,765	15,565
With employment income	1,875	1,010	865	60,980	31,805	29,175
Percentage with employment income	62.4	68.5	56.5	69.1	73.0	65.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	300	165	135	12,970	6,695	6,275
$5,000 to $9,999	150	55	95	4,945	2,045	2,900
$10,000 to $19,999	275	115	165	8,485	3,600	4,885
$20,000 to $29,999	210	95	115	7,050	2,840	4,210
$30,000 to $39,999	250	125	125	5,745	2,440	3,310
$40,000 to $49,999	225	150	75	4,605	2,095	2,515
$50,000 to $59,999	180	130	50	3,845	2,175	1,675
$60,000 to $69,999	105	60	40	3,110	2,075	1,040
$70,000 to $79,999	75	50	25	2,675	1,830	845
$80,000 and over	90	70	30	7,535	6,010	1,525
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	2,195	1,590	605
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	0	1,540	1,185	355
$100,000 and over	45	30	10	3,800	3,240	560
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,680	...	...	46,595	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,048	...	...	62,817	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,915	...	...	55,898	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	600	...	...	13,820	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,605	...	...	31,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,984	...	...	28,629	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,080	...	...	32,770	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,149	...	...	79,351	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,264	...	...	69,950	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,675	...	...	46,690	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,727	...	...	76,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,471	...	...	65,421	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	590	...	...	13,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,863	...	...	39,798	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,036	...	...	34,317	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	32,765	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,101	...	...	92,281	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,885	...	...	78,641	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,680	...	...	46,590	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	700	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	685	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	1,450	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	2,215	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	2,280	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	2,060	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	2,245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	2,330	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	2,125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	2,220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	3,920	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	3,600	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	3,310	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	2,895	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...	2,430	...	...
$100,000 and over	295	...	...	12,110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	4,750	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	2,990	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	2,740	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	1,640	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,680	...	...	46,590	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	755	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	695	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	1,475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	2,305	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	2,605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	2,475	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	2,715	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	2,570	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	2,525	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	2,485	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	4,525	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	4,110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	3,545	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	2,965	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	2,565	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	8,275	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	4,035	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	2,100	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	2,140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,065	...	...	31,490	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,302	...	...	79,301	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,392	...	...	69,829	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	560	...	...	16,425	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,704	...	...	74,475	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,896	...	...	65,621	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	10,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,608	...	...	105,453	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,760	...	...	91,080	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	4,130	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,752	...	...	44,762	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,528	...	...	41,683	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,060	...	...	31,440	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,278	...	...	92,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,829	...	...	78,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...	16,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,561	...	...	86,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,246	...	...	73,449	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	10,235	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,374	...	...	117,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,351	...	...	98,873	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	4,095	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,471	...	...	51,743	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,312	...	...	46,321	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	655	300	355	17,885	8,975	8,910
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,176	29,568	24,320	29,327	31,913	27,695
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,960	27,456	23,765	26,903	28,757	25,659
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	650	295	350	17,895	8,890	9,005
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,989	36,548	29,986	37,874	41,559	34,236
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,478	30,800	26,520	32,782	35,262	30,334
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,520	1,755	1,765	103,580	51,485	52,100
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,165	1,045	1,120	55,860	26,845	29,015
In the bottom decile	265	125	145	11,895	5,830	6,070
In the second decile	395	180	220	11,600	5,295	6,305
In the third decile	580	270	310	10,645	5,055	5,595
In the fourth decile	450	230	220	10,690	5,215	5,475
In the fifth decile	470	255	220	11,025	5,450	5,575
In the top half of the distribution	1,355	705	650	47,725	24,640	23,085
In the sixth decile	425	220	205	10,730	5,415	5,315
In the seventh decile	455	225	230	10,280	5,290	4,990
In the eighth decile	255	140	120	10,430	5,405	5,025
In the ninth decile	145	80	65	9,245	4,845	4,400
In the top decile	85	50	40	7,040	3,685	3,355
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,520	1,755	1,765	99,515	49,400	50,115
0 to 17 years	610	320	285	17,570	9,110	8,460
0 to 5 years	170	90	80	5,265	2,765	2,505
18 to 64 years	1,965	985	985	59,060	28,760	30,305
65 years and over	945	450	495	22,880	11,530	11,345
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	495	220	275	15,475	7,305	8,175
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	3,650	1,915	1,740
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	1,165	625	545
18 to 64 years	255	110	145	8,755	4,080	4,675
65 years and over	160	65	90	3,065	1,310	1,755
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.5	15.6	15.6	14.8	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	13.1	14.1	12.3	20.8	21.0	20.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	16.7	18.8	22.1	22.6	21.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	11.2	14.7	14.8	14.2	15.4
65 years and over (%)	16.9	14.4	18.2	13.4	11.4	15.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	75	85	7,220	3,570	3,650
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	1,615	835	775
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	520	275	250
18 to 64 years	130	60	70	5,145	2,540	2,605
65 years and over	15	0	5	465	195	265
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.3	4.8	7.3	7.2	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.1	3.5	9.2	9.2	9.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	0.0	6.3	9.9	9.9	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.1	7.1	8.7	8.8	8.6
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.0	1.0	2.0	1.7	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,520	1,720	1,805	103,670	51,525	52,145
Official languages	3,525	1,720	1,805	103,485	51,430	52,060
English	740	410	330	103,455	51,415	52,035
French	3,515	1,715	1,800	7,920	3,570	4,355
Non-official languages	90	55	35	9,910	4,400	5,510
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	875	405	470
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	30	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	0	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chilcotin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	15	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	260	120	145
Comox	0	0	0	165	70	95
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	50
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	505	230	275
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	440	190	250
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	50	35	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	55	40	9,035	3,995	5,040
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	110	60	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	110	60	45
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	30	20	10	50	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	240	105	125
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	230	110	125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	585	190	395
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	520	165	360
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Creole languages	0	0	10	50	30	25
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	35	20	6,705	3,100	3,610
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	815	390	430
Baltic languages	0	0	0	40	25	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	790	370	420
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Croatian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Czech	0	0	0	135	85	50
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	250	120	130
Russian	0	0	0	150	75	75
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	20	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	165	55	110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Welsh	0	0	0	15	15	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	15	15	0	3,205	1,520	1,680
Afrikaans	0	0	0	220	110	110
Danish	0	0	0	190	90	100
Dutch	10	10	0	570	270	300
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	10	10	0	2,175	1,050	1,125
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Swedish	0	0	0	80	30	50
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	25	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	310	170	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	270	155	120
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	150	95	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	130	70	60
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	30	20	2,515	1,115	1,405
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	15	10	0	540	255	285
Portuguese	0	0	0	175	85	90
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	35	25	15	1,900	820	1,080
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	260	100	155
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	225	100	125
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	160	50	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	85	20	70
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	395	160	235
Chinese languages	0	0	0	380	150	230
Cantonese	0	0	0	190	80	110
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	180	60	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	90	15	75
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	85	15	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	305	130	170
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	190	70	115
Hungarian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,525	1,715	1,805	103,675	51,530	52,145
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,490	1,700	1,785	100,695	50,200	50,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18	630	305	330	18,285	9,345	8,945
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,855	1,395	1,455	82,405	40,855	41,560
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	20	2,975	1,330	1,640
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,525	1,715	1,805	103,670	51,530	52,140
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,420	1,670	1,745	91,390	45,790	45,595
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	95	40	50	11,855	5,515	6,345
Before 1981	15	10	0	7,320	3,630	3,690
1981 to 1990	0	10	0	1,145	505	635
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,135	450	685
2001 to 2010	50	20	35	1,390	550	840
2001 to 2005	20	0	20	555	200	355
2006 to 2010	35	10	15	835	355	480
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	10	875	380	495
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	430	225	205
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	90	45	50	11,855	5,515	6,345
Under 5 years	45	15	30	1,595	800	800
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	2,260	1,150	1,110
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	3,000	1,320	1,680
25 to 44 years	30	15	15	4,300	1,935	2,360
45 years and over	0	0	0	710	315	395
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	40	50	11,860	5,515	6,340
Americas	10	0	10	2,225	1,035	1,190
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	20
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	0	15
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	20	15
Mexico	0	0	0	70	10	55
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	1,810	880	935
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	200	95	105
Europe	30	20	10	7,330	3,555	3,775
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	55	20	25
France	15	10	0	200	100	100
Germany	0	0	0	1,000	450	555
Greece	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hungary	0	0	0	85	50	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	110	30	75
Italy	0	10	0	300	140	155
Netherlands	0	10	0	525	265	260
Poland	0	0	0	180	90	90
Portugal	0	0	0	80	50	30
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	0	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	3,720	1,805	1,915
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	970	510	455
Africa	20	15	10	440	210	230
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	20	15	10
Morocco	20	15	10	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	275	120	160
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	115	65	50
Asia	35	10	30	1,560	575	990
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	0	25	185	70	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	0	25
India	0	0	0	155	70	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	65	10	55
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	175	80	100
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	495	145	350
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	155	60	95
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	200	85	115
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	300	140	155
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	870	380	500
Americas	10	0	0	190	75	110
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	100	35	65
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	20	20
Europe	15	10	0	245	125	115
France	15	15	10	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	30	15	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	120	70	50
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	60	30	30
Africa	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	380	140	245
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	20	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	170	60	115
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Australia	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,520	1,715	1,805	103,675	51,530	52,145
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	100	50	55	13,010	6,110	6,900
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	70	30	35	19,510	9,705	9,800
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,355	1,635	1,715	71,155	35,710	35,440
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	75	35	40	4,675	1,960	2,715
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	15	10	2,440	1,065	1,375
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	10	10	1,085	600	485
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	1,355	470	885
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	50	15	35	1,925	705	1,220
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	285	175	110
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,520	1,720	1,805	103,670	51,530	52,145
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	0	12,475	6,240	6,235
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	12,230	6,145	6,090
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	9,340	4,650	4,690
Métis	10	10	0	2,805	1,450	1,350
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	90	35	55
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	130	65	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	110	40	75
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,515	1,715	1,800	91,195	45,290	45,910
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,525	1,720	1,805	103,670	51,530	52,140
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	10	7,680	3,795	3,885
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,515	1,720	1,800	95,990	47,735	48,260
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,525	1,720	1,800	103,670	51,530	52,145
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	10	15	5,215	2,650	2,565
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	10	15	5,160	2,625	2,540
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	15	4,820	2,435	2,390
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	330	190	140
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	50	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	100	20	75	8,385	4,240	4,150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	100	20	75	8,025	4,065	3,960
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	15	80	5,710	2,845	2,865
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	2,185	1,150	1,035
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	130	70	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	360	175	185
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	335	160	175
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,400	1,690	1,710	90,070	44,640	45,425
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,520	1,720	1,805	103,670	51,525	52,145
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	75	25	50	3,795	1,655	2,135
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	455	240	215
Chinese	25	0	20	655	240	410
Black	10	0	10	430	220	210
Filipino	10	0	0	760	305	460
Latin American	0	0	0	295	130	170
Arab	35	15	10	35	20	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	365	125	240
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Korean	0	0	0	225	95	130
Japanese	0	0	0	305	140	165
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	115	65	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	115	55	65
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,445	1,695	1,755	99,875	49,865	50,010
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,520	1,720	1,805	103,670	51,525	52,140
North American Aboriginal origins	125	35	90	13,600	6,885	6,715
First Nations (North American Indian)	120	25	90	10,925	5,470	5,455
Inuit	0	0	0	180	90	95
Métis	0	0	0	2,910	1,530	1,380
Other North American origins	2,960	1,445	1,510	28,455	14,360	14,095
Acadian	0	10	0	125	40	80
American	20	10	15	2,105	1,035	1,070
Canadian	2,930	1,430	1,500	26,960	13,675	13,280
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	145	50	95
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Québécois	65	35	30	60	25	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	15
European origins	1,035	495	535	83,690	41,335	42,350
British Isles origins	120	35	80	62,785	30,795	31,990
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	30	20	10
English	35	0	25	40,660	19,745	20,920
Irish	75	25	50	21,580	10,045	11,535
Manx	0	0	0	80	20	60
Scottish	15	0	10	28,675	13,855	14,820
Welsh	0	0	0	3,805	1,800	2,000
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,450	1,675	1,770
French origins	920	460	465	12,575	6,200	6,375
Alsatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	10
French	925	460	470	12,570	6,200	6,370
Western European origins (except French origins)	85	30	60	22,485	11,130	11,360
Austrian	10	0	0	1,065	545	515
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	10	35	640	300	345
Dutch	0	0	0	5,360	2,740	2,625
Flemish	0	0	0	75	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	16,145	7,965	8,180
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	0	0	0	1,055	490	570
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	12,720	6,165	6,555
Danish	0	0	0	1,895	855	1,040
Finnish	0	0	0	1,795	805	995
Icelandic	0	0	0	905	430	470
Norwegian	0	0	0	4,990	2,465	2,520
Swedish	0	0	0	3,955	1,930	2,025
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	720	405	315
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	12,915	6,075	6,840
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	435	240	195
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	215	105	110
Estonian	0	0	0	175	70	105
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,150	515	640
Latvian	0	0	0	110	65	50
Lithuanian	0	0	0	150	100	55
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	10	0	10	3,640	1,675	1,965
Romanian	0	0	0	450	210	240
Russian	0	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,255
Slovak	0	0	10	145	85	55
Ukrainian	0	10	0	5,780	2,615	3,165
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Southern European origins	20	10	15	5,835	2,850	2,985
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	335	180	155
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	305	125	185
Italian	10	0	10	3,520	1,770	1,750
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	265	125	145
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	480	235	250
Serbian	0	0	0	80	45	30
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	60	45	15
Spanish	15	10	10	815	365	445
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	145	35	110
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	770	400	375
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	305	155	145
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	415	220	195
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	240	115	125
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	85	50	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	810	315	500
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	215	95	115
Colombian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	285	115	170
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	10	60
Salvadorean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	25	0	20
African origins	35	20	10	655	330	320
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	50	20	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	30	20	15	75	25	50
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	15	15	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	250	110	140
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	0	15
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	10
South African	0	0	0	195	95	100
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	305	185	120
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	245	160	90
Asian origins	35	10	30	3,525	1,500	2,020
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	305	125	175
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iraqi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	115	45	70
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	10	0	0	20	0	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	20	0	20
Turk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	505	275	230
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	435	235	200
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	0	30	2,685	1,080	1,610
Burmese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chinese	25	0	25	945	360	585
Filipino	10	0	0	810	310	495
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	390	190	200
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	245	105	140
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	35	10	20
Thai	0	10	0	80	10	70
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	230	95	130
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	35	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	45	35	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	710	335	370
Australian	0	0	0	380	170	210
New Zealander	0	0	0	155	85	75
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	185	90	90
Fijian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Hawaiian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Maori	0	0	0	55	30	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
Owner	1,220	...	...	35,410	...	...
Renter	460	...	...	11,080	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,680	...	...	46,685	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...	3,780	...	...
Not condominium	1,605	...	...	42,910	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	235	...	...
1 bedroom	150	...	...	3,925	...	...
2 bedrooms	495	...	...	12,270	...	...
3 bedrooms	605	...	...	18,700	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	430	...	...	11,550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	455	...	...	9,885	...	...
5 rooms	275	...	...	8,145	...	...
6 rooms	295	...	...	7,845	...	...
7 rooms	195	...	...	6,405	...	...
8 or more rooms	455	...	...	14,415	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,680	...	...	46,420	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
Suitable	1,660	...	...	45,630	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
1960 or before	555	...	...	6,740	...	...
1961 to 1980	480	...	...	16,565	...	...
1981 to 1990	210	...	...	7,795	...	...
1991 to 2000	175	...	...	7,935	...	...
2001 to 2005	90	...	...	1,995	...	...
2006 to 2010	80	...	...	3,350	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	90	...	...	2,300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,600	...	...	42,910	...	...
Major repairs needed	80	...	...	3,780	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,130	...	...	28,040	...	...
2 household maintainers	540	...	...	17,960	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,680	...	...	46,690	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	975	...	...
25 to 34 years	140	...	...	4,450	...	...
35 to 44 years	220	...	...	5,900	...	...
45 to 54 years	250	...	...	8,425	...	...
55 to 64 years	425	...	...	11,545	...	...
65 to 74 years	330	...	...	9,440	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	4,465	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,665	...	...	44,695	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,440	...	...	35,605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	9,090	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...	8,005	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...	34,025	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.1	...	...	52.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.9	...	...	13.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	617	...	...	754	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	770	...	...	980	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,543	...	...	300,889	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	161,605	...	...	350,448	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	460	...	...	10,725	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.1	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.3	...	...	40.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	518	...	...	835	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	572	...	...	890	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,945	1,440	1,510	88,405	43,670	44,730
No certificate, diploma or degree	755	385	370	16,480	8,930	7,550
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	675	280	395	26,375	12,220	14,150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,515	770	745	45,550	22,520	23,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	405	240	11,725	9,120	2,600
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	445	245	200	4,690	2,995	1,695
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	205	165	45	7,030	6,125	905
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	465	205	260	18,075	6,725	11,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	10	75	2,600	865	1,735
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	310	155	160	13,155	5,805	7,345
Bachelor's degree	215	100	120	8,120	3,450	4,670
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	35	30	1,220	475	745
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	670	450	220
Master's degree	15	0	10	2,735	1,175	1,560
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	410	255	150
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,760	860	905	55,145	26,845	28,305
No certificate, diploma or degree	305	165	135	6,935	4,040	2,900
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	335	135	195	16,305	7,755	8,550
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,125	555	570	31,905	15,050	16,850
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	525	300	225	7,685	5,930	1,755
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	395	205	185	3,120	1,960	1,155
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	95	35	4,565	3,965	605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345	150	195	13,370	4,860	8,515
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30	1,675	590	1,090
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	215	95	120	9,165	3,670	5,495
Bachelor's degree	145	60	90	5,815	2,265	3,545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	785	270	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	15	0	505	305	195
Master's degree	10	0	10	1,865	725	1,140
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	200	110	95
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,945	1,440	1,510	88,400	43,675	44,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,435	665	770	42,855	21,155	21,700
Education	205	65	140	3,860	935	2,920
13. Education	205	60	140	3,860	935	2,925
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	55	10	1,425	645	785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	45	0	215	165	50
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	1,215	480	730
Humanities	50	25	25	1,610	700	915
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	145	40	105
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	470	140	330
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	15	315	120	200
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	105	70	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	265	145	115
54. History	0	0	0	260	165	100
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	20	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	25	60	3,925	1,215	2,705
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	65	10	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	285	105	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	1,090	95	995
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	15	475	135	340
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	120	45	70
42. Psychology	10	10	0	680	220	460
45. Social sciences	0	10	0	1,215	605	605
Business, management and public administration	275	75	205	6,615	1,840	4,775
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	10	665	140	520
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	255	65	190	5,935	1,695	4,240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	1,245	645	600
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	655	300	355
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	180	85	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	25	15	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	305	215	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	30	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	755	425	330
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	555	335	215
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	20	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	100	70	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	380	360	20	11,325	10,770	555
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	160	120	40
14. Engineering	20	20	0	1,075	975	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	55	0	1,755	1,585	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	85	0	3,175	3,065	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	75	0	3,630	3,545	85
48. Precision production	135	125	10	1,530	1,480	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	10	2,305	1,590	715
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	775	380	400
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	1,525	1,210	315
Health and related fields	270	60	215	8,440	1,435	7,005
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	520	220	305
51. Health professions and related programs	255	50	210	7,700	1,070	6,630
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	210	150	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	60	55	4,035	2,310	1,730
12. Personal and culinary services	70	15	55	2,070	535	1,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	115	100	15
43. Security and protective services	10	15	0	340	280	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	1,500	1,385	110
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,760	855	900	55,145	26,845	28,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	640	305	335	23,240	11,790	11,450
Education	110	35	70	2,305	485	1,825
13. Education	110	35	75	2,300	485	1,820
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	45	10	1,045	430	615
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	40	0	150	115	35
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	10	895	315	575
Humanities	20	10	15	980	410	560
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	90	25	70
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	245	70	180
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	210	70	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	75	50	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	150	80	65
54. History	0	0	0	185	100	80
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	55	2,910	800	2,110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	65	10	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	220	65	160
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	850	80	775
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	390	95	300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	90	35	55
42. Psychology	0	0	0	410	95	310
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	870	415	455
Business, management and public administration	235	60	175	4,750	1,280	3,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	0	530	100	425
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	215	50	165	4,215	1,175	3,040
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	810	350	465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	450	185	265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	140	50	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	160	90	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	15	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	535	305	225
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	450	290	155
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	40	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	280	260	20	7,450	7,015	435
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	65	35
14. Engineering	15	15	0	690	595	95
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	45	40	0	1,130	1,005	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	10	2,205	2,125	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	60	0	2,350	2,285	65
48. Precision production	100	95	10	970	935	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	0	1,900	1,300	605
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	10	620	300	325
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	1,285	1,005	280
Health and related fields	220	50	165	6,205	1,025	5,180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	10	410	155	255
51. Health professions and related programs	205	45	160	5,620	750	4,865
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	175	120	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	40	55	3,010	1,645	1,360
12. Personal and culinary services	60	0	55	1,555	365	1,190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	40	15
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	265	210	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	1,125	1,025	95
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,950	1,440	1,510	88,405	43,675	44,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,435	670	765	42,855	21,155	21,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,515	775	740	45,545	22,520	23,030
Location of study inside Canada	1,480	750	720	40,830	20,175	20,650
Same as province or territory of residence	1,455	735	720	29,830	14,675	15,150
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	0	10,995	5,500	5,500
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	20	15	4,720	2,345	2,375
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,350	700	655
Philippines	0	0	0	270	90	185
India	0	0	0	65	20	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,200	665	540
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	15
France	10	0	0	85	30	60
Other	35	15	10	1,725	840	885
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,765	855	900	55,145	26,845	28,305
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	635	305	335	23,245	11,795	11,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,125	555	565	31,900	15,050	16,855
Location of study inside Canada	1,100	550	555	29,335	13,960	15,380
Same as province or territory of residence	1,080	530	550	22,190	10,420	11,770
Different than province or territory of residence	25	15	0	7,150	3,535	3,615
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	15	2,565	1,095	1,475
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	670	325	345
Philippines	0	0	0	210	80	130
India	0	0	0	50	10	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	510	220	295
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	15
France	10	0	0	75	30	45
Other	10	10	10	1,030	425	605
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,945	1,440	1,510	88,405	43,670	44,730
In the labour force	1,615	850	765	51,050	26,630	24,415
Employed	1,525	805	720	46,520	23,830	22,695
Unemployed	90	50	40	4,525	2,795	1,730
Not in the labour force	1,330	585	745	37,355	17,045	20,310
Participation rate	54.8	59.0	50.7	57.7	61.0	54.6
Employment rate	51.8	55.9	47.7	52.6	54.6	50.7
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.9	5.2	8.9	10.5	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,950	1,440	1,510	88,400	43,670	44,730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,270	530	745	33,895	15,130	18,765
Worked	1,680	910	765	54,510	28,545	25,970
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	845	500	345	20,840	11,715	9,125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	835	410	425	33,670	16,835	16,840
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	43.6	44.0	39.8	39.5	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,615	855	765	51,045	26,630	24,420
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	0	20	900	440	465
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,590	850	745	50,145	26,195	23,960
Employee	1,350	715	635	42,155	21,305	20,850
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	245	140	110	7,995	4,885	3,105
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,615	850	760	51,050	26,630	24,420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	20	895	435	460
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,590	850	745	50,150	26,190	23,955
0 Management occupations	120	95	20	5,000	2,985	2,015
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	210	50	160	5,945	1,165	4,780
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	35	20	2,910	2,300	610
3 Health occupations	180	50	130	4,000	775	3,225
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	155	35	120	5,525	1,575	3,950
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	20	1,420	520	895
6 Sales and service occupations	320	115	205	11,510	4,295	7,215
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	300	295	10	8,965	8,445	515
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	60	10	3,450	2,975	475
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	110	55	1,425	1,155	280
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,615	850	765	51,045	26,630	24,420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	20	895	435	460
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,595	850	740	50,150	26,195	23,955
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	85	10	4,940	3,970	970
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	955	855	95
22 Utilities	0	0	0	240	200	35
23 Construction	110	90	15	4,535	4,020	515
31-33 Manufacturing	310	225	80	2,640	2,055	590
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	845	595	255
44-45 Retail trade	190	85	105	6,010	2,560	3,450
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	40	10	2,530	1,790	745
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	10	565	285	285
52 Finance and insurance	45	10	40	1,035	320	720
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	10	810	425	385
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	20	45	2,290	1,095	1,195
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	55	20	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	40	10	2,060	1,155	900
61 Educational services	85	25	55	3,305	860	2,445
62 Health care and social assistance	255	60	195	6,705	1,125	5,580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	1,150	580	570
72 Accommodation and food services	80	20	60	4,050	1,475	2,575
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	60	55	2,285	990	1,300
91 Public administration	65	40	20	3,150	1,835	1,315
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,525	805	720	46,520	23,830	22,690
Worked at home	135	65	80	4,045	1,745	2,300
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	145	95	50
No fixed workplace address	135	110	25	8,250	6,435	1,815
Worked at usual place	1,230	605	620	34,085	15,555	18,530
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,225	605	620	34,085	15,550	18,535
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575	215	360	19,160	8,450	10,710
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	90	65	11,175	4,950	6,225
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	495	305	195	3,115	1,635	1,480
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	635	520	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,365	720	645	42,335	21,990	20,345
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,230	660	570	33,095	16,850	16,245
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	40	20	25	2,720	1,525	1,195
Public transit	0	0	0	940	460	480
Walked	85	35	45	2,865	1,240	1,625
Bicycle	0	0	0	905	580	325
Other method	0	0	0	1,805	1,340	465
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,360	720	645	42,335	21,995	20,340
Less than 15 minutes	645	285	355	21,920	10,000	11,915
15 to 29 minutes	275	130	145	12,155	6,290	5,865
30 to 44 minutes	270	180	90	3,730	2,200	1,530
45 to 59 minutes	75	60	20	1,345	865	480
60 minutes and over	95	60	35	3,185	2,635	555
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,365	715	645	42,335	21,990	20,345
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130	100	30	3,055	2,305	750
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	220	145	75	6,570	4,495	2,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	500	220	275	10,850	6,085	4,755
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	85	120	10,265	3,800	6,465
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	95	40	55	5,200	1,890	3,310
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	215	120	100	6,400	3,420	2,985
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,725	925	790	56,540	29,510	27,030
Single responses	1,715	925	795	56,395	29,440	26,955
Official languages	1,720	920	795	56,280	29,385	26,900
English	35	30	0	56,060	29,335	26,725
French	1,680	890	790	220	50	170
Non-official languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	145	75	80
English and French	10	10	0	65	25	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	45	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,725	930	795	56,540	29,510	27,030
None	1,560	800	755	55,235	28,970	26,265
English	135	100	35	175	35	140
French	30	25	0	695	325	365
Non-official language	0	0	0	385	155	230
Aboriginal	0	0	0	115	20	90
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	275	135	140
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,495	1,705	1,795	102,855	51,050	51,800
Non-movers	3,195	1,605	1,595	88,200	43,835	44,365
Movers	300	95	200	14,650	7,210	7,435
Non-migrants	140	45	95	7,765	3,805	3,960
Migrants	160	55	105	6,880	3,400	3,480
Internal migrants	165	55	105	6,615	3,265	3,350
Intraprovincial migrants	160	55	105	4,675	2,285	2,385
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,940	980	965
External migrants	0	0	0	265	140	130
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,350	1,635	1,720	99,130	49,090	50,040
Non-movers	2,520	1,275	1,245	61,355	30,785	30,575
Movers	830	360	475	37,770	18,305	19,465
Non-migrants	400	160	240	18,640	8,930	9,710
Migrants	430	200	230	19,135	9,370	9,760
Internal migrants	405	180	220	17,835	8,760	9,080
Intraprovincial migrants	400	180	220	12,915	6,290	6,630
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,915	2,465	2,450
External migrants	30	15	15	1,300	615	680

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Etchemin, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Island--Powell River [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Island--Powell River [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Island--Powell River [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Island--Powell River [Federal electoral district], British Columbia