Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Etchemin, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Courtenay, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,822	...	...	25,599	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,061	...	...	24,216^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.9	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,076	...	...	12,013	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,679	...	...	11,704	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.3	...	...	789.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	157.21	...	...	32.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,820	1,865	1,955	25,595	12,125	13,470
0 to 14 years	525	285	240	3,660	1,905	1,760
0 to 4 years	130	70	60	1,175	590	590
5 to 9 years	205	115	85	1,270	685	585
10 to 14 years	185	100	90	1,215	625	585
15 to 64 years	2,150	1,065	1,085	15,265	7,170	8,095
15 to 19 years	150	75	80	1,280	625	650
20 to 24 years	150	90	65	1,335	675	660
25 to 29 years	115	55	60	1,270	630	635
30 to 34 years	155	75	80	1,480	725	760
35 to 39 years	195	100	95	1,360	650	705
40 to 44 years	195	100	90	1,410	655	755
45 to 49 years	205	105	100	1,480	670	810
50 to 54 years	275	130	135	1,810	840	970
55 to 59 years	350	165	185	1,900	875	1,025
60 to 64 years	355	165	190	1,940	830	1,115
65 years and over	1,145	515	635	6,675	3,060	3,620
65 to 69 years	335	160	175	2,085	950	1,130
70 to 74 years	275	135	135	1,610	755	855
75 to 79 years	195	85	110	1,190	570	620
80 to 84 years	185	85	100	915	430	485
85 years and over	160	45	110	880	355	525
85 to 89 years	100	30	70	545	240	305
90 to 94 years	45	15	25	275	95	180
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	60	15	40
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	15.3	12.3	14.3	15.7	13.1
15 to 64 years	56.3	57.1	55.5	59.6	59.1	60.1
65 years and over	30.0	27.6	32.5	26.1	25.2	26.9
85 years and over	4.2	2.4	5.6	3.4	2.9	3.9
Average age of the population	49.1	47.3	50.8	45.8	44.6	46.9
Median age of the population	54.1	51.8	55.7	48.3	46.4	50.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
Single-detached house	1,250	...	...	5,970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	45	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	420	...	...	5,305	...	...
Semi-detached house	30	...	...	1,770	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	855	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	370	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	250	...	...	2,300	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,675	...	...	11,700	...	...
1 person	600	...	...	3,870	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	4,740	...	...
3 persons	175	...	...	1,510	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	1,055	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	525	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,525	...	...	25,000	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,300	1,580	1,720	21,935	10,225	11,715
Married or living common law	1,870	935	940	12,310	6,125	6,185
Married	1,245	620	620	9,905	4,930	4,980
Living common law	635	310	320	2,405	1,200	1,205
Not married and not living common law	1,425	645	775	9,625	4,100	5,530
Never married	855	480	380	5,175	2,715	2,460
Separated	55	20	35	805	320	485
Divorced	210	95	120	2,080	710	1,375
Widowed	300	55	245	1,570	355	1,215
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,050	...	...	7,375	...	...
2 persons	650	...	...	4,690	...	...
3 persons	165	...	...	1,375	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	950	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	355	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,050	...	...	7,375	...	...
Total couple families	915	...	...	6,005	...	...
Married couples	595	...	...	4,800	...	...
Common-law couples	315	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	140	...	...	1,370	...	...
Female parent	100	...	...	1,105	...	...
Male parent	40	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	915	...	...	6,010	...	...
Couples without children	565	...	...	3,835	...	...
Couples with children	345	...	...	2,170	...	...
1 child	130	...	...	990	...	...
2 children	145	...	...	855	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,370	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	860	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	690	315	375	5,790	2,590	3,200
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,680	...	...	11,700	...	...
One-census-family households	1,050	...	...	7,110	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	560	...	...	3,705	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	485	...	...	3,405	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	130	...	...
Non-census-family households	630	...	...	4,465	...	...
One-person households	600	...	...	3,870	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	590	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,645	1,800	1,845	25,200	11,945	13,250
English only	5	5	5	23,030	10,985	12,045
French only	2,835	1,345	1,490	15	10	10
English and French	805	455	350	2,040	905	1,130
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	115	55	65
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,645	1,795	1,845	25,200	11,945	13,250
English	25	10	20	24,500	11,615	12,885
French	3,610	1,785	1,825	565	270	290
English and French	5	5	5	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	110	50	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	30	10	15	575	280	300
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.6	0.8	2.3	2.3	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,640	1,795	1,850	25,200	11,950	13,250
Single responses	3,630	1,790	1,845	24,950	11,835	13,120
Official languages	3,615	1,780	1,835	23,015	10,985	12,030
English	25	10	15	22,415	10,695	11,720
French	3,590	1,770	1,820	600	290	315
Non-official languages	15	10	5	1,940	855	1,085
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	5	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	5	1,925	850	1,080
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	20	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	80	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	155	80	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	155	45	110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	20	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	110	35	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	1,050	480	570
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	190	70	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	185	70	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Russian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	520	220	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Dutch	0	5	0	140	60	80
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	300	120	180
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	140	85	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	125	80	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	25	20	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	45	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	175	85	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	0	5	0	50	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	100	40	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	110	55	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	270	110	160
Chinese languages	0	0	0	270	110	155
Cantonese	0	0	0	155	65	95
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	30	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	245	115	135
English and French	5	5	0	75	30	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	160	75	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,640	1,795	1,845	25,195	11,945	13,255
Single responses	3,630	1,790	1,840	24,875	11,815	13,055
Official languages	3,630	1,790	1,840	24,215	11,510	12,705
English	25	10	15	24,040	11,420	12,620
French	3,600	1,780	1,820	175	90	85
Non-official languages	5	0	5	660	310	355
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	655	305	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	55	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	60	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	60	20	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	30	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	45	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	155	65	90
Chinese languages	0	0	0	155	60	90
Cantonese	0	0	0	90	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	20	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	325	130	195
English and French	5	5	5	40	15	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	275	105	165
French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,640	1,795	1,845	25,200	11,945	13,250
None	3,480	1,720	1,765	23,740	11,275	12,460
English	120	65	55	350	170	180
French	15	5	15	360	160	195
Non-official language	15	10	5	725	325	400
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	715	325	390
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	10	0	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,000	1,475	1,530	21,345	9,975	11,375
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,965	1,455	1,510	20,735	9,690	11,045
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,551	37,216	25,600	30,873	39,829	25,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,965	1,460	1,505	20,760	9,705	11,060
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,056	32,794	24,064	28,061	35,102	23,636
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,670	1,335	1,330	18,585	8,885	9,695
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,568	33,259	19,509	26,636	34,958	20,384
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,355	1,115	1,240	16,085	6,925	9,160
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,995	9,576	10,176	8,981	10,020	8,472
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,875	1,015	865	14,460	7,225	7,240
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,675	36,448	22,272	23,526	28,485	20,005
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,950	1,440	1,510	21,350	9,970	11,375
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	1,420	1,485	20,800	9,740	11,060
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,613	45,122	32,391	39,091	47,440	31,738
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,900	1,415	1,485	20,830	9,745	11,085
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,678	37,290	28,269	33,653	40,057	28,023
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,620	1,290	1,325	18,655	8,950	9,705
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,781	41,343	26,411	35,599	44,194	27,670
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,260	1,075	1,180	16,185	7,000	9,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,423	9,778	11,010	9,201	9,487	8,983
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,865	1,005	860	14,460	7,180	7,285
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,688	40,223	30,370	32,953	39,415	26,587
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,950	1,440	1,510	21,345	9,970	11,375
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	830	490	335	4,915	2,665	2,250
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,871	47,491	35,263	46,060	53,913	39,897
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,133	52,338	39,591	52,771	58,881	45,537
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.4	82.6	73.2	82.0	86.0	76.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.2	63.2	52.2	58.9	61.9	54.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.7	17.6	27.0	18.1	14.0	23.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,005	1,470	1,530	21,345	9,970	11,375
Without total income	40	15	25	615	280	335
With total income	2,965	1,455	1,510	20,735	9,690	11,045
Percentage with total income	98.7	99.0	98.7	97.1	97.2	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	265	110	155	2,585	980	1,610
$10,000 to $19,999	605	205	400	4,055	1,385	2,670
$20,000 to $29,999	575	260	310	3,445	1,275	2,175
$30,000 to $39,999	420	190	230	2,890	1,225	1,665
$40,000 to $49,999	420	245	180	2,205	1,165	1,040
$50,000 to $59,999	270	190	80	1,565	905	655
$60,000 to $69,999	160	95	60	1,215	785	425
$70,000 to $79,999	105	65	40	860	570	290
$80,000 to $89,999	45	20	20	600	390	205
$90,000 to $99,999	30	25	5	375	265	115
$100,000 and over	65	45	15	940	750	195
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	670	530	140
$150,000 and over	30	25	10	275	220	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,000	1,470	1,530	21,345	9,970	11,375
Without after-tax income	40	15	25	585	270	315
With after-tax income	2,965	1,455	1,505	20,760	9,700	11,065
Percentage with after-tax income	98.8	99.0	98.4	97.3	97.3	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	285	115	170	2,765	1,035	1,730
$10,000 to $19,999	630	220	415	4,245	1,490	2,755
$20,000 to $29,999	700	315	380	4,130	1,590	2,540
$30,000 to $39,999	545	290	250	3,120	1,425	1,695
$40,000 to $49,999	410	270	145	2,295	1,280	1,020
$50,000 to $59,999	205	130	80	1,535	970	565
$60,000 to $69,999	85	50	40	1,040	685	360
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	10	620	440	180
$80,000 and over	55	40	15	1,005	780	225
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	360	265	95
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	210	170	45
$100,000 and over	35	20	5	430	350	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,005	1,475	1,530	21,345	9,975	11,375
Without employment income	1,130	460	670	6,885	2,750	4,140
With employment income	1,875	1,010	865	14,460	7,225	7,235
Percentage with employment income	62.4	68.5	56.5	67.7	72.4	63.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	300	165	135	3,260	1,600	1,655
$5,000 to $9,999	150	55	95	1,240	480	765
$10,000 to $19,999	275	115	165	2,050	855	1,200
$20,000 to $29,999	210	95	115	1,870	790	1,075
$30,000 to $39,999	250	125	125	1,485	630	855
$40,000 to $49,999	225	150	75	1,155	580	575
$50,000 to $59,999	180	130	50	895	500	390
$60,000 to $69,999	105	60	40	705	475	235
$70,000 to $79,999	75	50	25	550	360	195
$80,000 and over	90	70	30	1,255	965	290
$80,000 to $89,999	35	20	15	375	260	115
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	0	235	175	60
$100,000 and over	45	30	10	645	530	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,048	...	...	57,463	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,915	...	...	50,925	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	600	...	...	3,870	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,605	...	...	32,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,984	...	...	28,924	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,080	...	...	7,835	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,149	...	...	73,259	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,264	...	...	64,762	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,675	...	...	11,705	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,727	...	...	69,468	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,471	...	...	59,892	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	590	...	...	3,880	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,863	...	...	39,728	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,036	...	...	34,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	7,825	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,101	...	...	84,204	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,885	...	...	72,533	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,680	...	...	11,700	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	130	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	575	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	640	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	610	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	665	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	670	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	565	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	590	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	1,040	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	1,015	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	855	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	770	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...	570	...	...
$100,000 and over	295	...	...	2,390	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	1,010	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	535	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	155	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	110	...	...	605	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	745	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	730	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	775	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	680	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	700	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	1,205	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	1,075	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	885	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	685	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	535	...	...
$100,000 and over	175	...	...	1,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	805	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	390	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	395	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,065	...	...	7,335	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,302	...	...	73,534	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,392	...	...	64,913	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	560	...	...	3,635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,704	...	...	72,388	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,896	...	...	63,845	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	350	...	...	2,200	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,608	...	...	97,280	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,760	...	...	84,224	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	1,310	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,752	...	...	40,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,528	...	...	38,715	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,060	...	...	7,305	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,278	...	...	84,686	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,829	...	...	72,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...	3,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,561	...	...	82,245	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,246	...	...	70,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	2,210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,374	...	...	107,547	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,351	...	...	91,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,471	...	...	52,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,312	...	...	46,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	655	300	355	5,340	2,410	2,930
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,176	29,568	24,320	28,520	30,093	27,675
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,960	27,456	23,765	26,091	27,174	25,678
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	650	295	350	5,395	2,365	3,030
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,989	36,548	29,986	36,054	38,435	34,192
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,478	30,800	26,520	31,402	32,883	30,244
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,520	1,755	1,765	25,000	11,875	13,130
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,165	1,045	1,120	14,770	6,720	8,050
In the bottom decile	265	125	145	3,360	1,540	1,825
In the second decile	395	180	220	3,090	1,340	1,750
In the third decile	580	270	310	2,745	1,240	1,510
In the fourth decile	450	230	220	2,845	1,300	1,545
In the fifth decile	470	255	220	2,720	1,305	1,420
In the top half of the distribution	1,355	705	650	10,235	5,150	5,080
In the sixth decile	425	220	205	2,665	1,285	1,380
In the seventh decile	455	225	230	2,400	1,205	1,195
In the eighth decile	255	140	120	2,210	1,115	1,095
In the ninth decile	145	80	65	1,730	910	820
In the top decile	85	50	40	1,225	640	590
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,520	1,755	1,765	25,005	11,870	13,130
0 to 17 years	610	320	285	4,410	2,245	2,160
0 to 5 years	170	90	80	1,440	740	700
18 to 64 years	1,965	985	985	14,395	6,750	7,640
65 years and over	945	450	495	6,200	2,870	3,325
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	495	220	275	4,550	1,985	2,565
0 to 17 years	80	45	35	1,180	620	560
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	435	225	210
18 to 64 years	255	110	145	2,585	1,090	1,495
65 years and over	160	65	90	785	275	510
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.5	15.6	18.2	16.7	19.5
0 to 17 years (%)	13.1	14.1	12.3	26.8	27.6	25.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	16.7	18.8	30.2	30.4	30.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	11.2	14.7	18.0	16.1	19.6
65 years and over (%)	16.9	14.4	18.2	12.7	9.6	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	75	85	2,600	1,205	1,390
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	635	320	310
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	245	135	110
18 to 64 years	130	60	70	1,810	830	985
65 years and over	15	0	5	155	60	100
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.3	4.8	10.4	10.2	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.1	3.5	14.4	14.3	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	0.0	6.3	17.0	18.2	15.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.1	7.1	12.6	12.3	12.9
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.0	1.0	2.5	2.1	3.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,520	1,720	1,805	25,005	11,875	13,130
Official languages	3,525	1,720	1,805	24,885	11,815	13,065
English	740	410	330	24,870	11,810	13,060
French	3,515	1,715	1,800	2,050	920	1,125
Non-official languages	90	55	35	2,725	1,265	1,460
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	55	40	2,690	1,255	1,435
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	185	95	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	190	95	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	40	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	135	30	100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	35	20	1,600	800	800
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	205	105	100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	200	100	100
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	15	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	55	30	30
Russian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	15	0	615	285	330
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	20	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Dutch	10	10	0	155	70	85
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	410	195	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	105	100
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	195	105	90
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	135	75	60
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	30	20	545	280	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	15	10	0	110	55	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	25	15	415	220	195
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	45	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	115	60	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	380	145	240
Chinese languages	0	0	0	375	145	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	230	70	160
Hakka	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mandarin	0	0	0	120	30	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	10	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,525	1,715	1,805	25,000	11,870	13,130
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,490	1,700	1,785	24,135	11,450	12,690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	630	305	330	4,260	2,175	2,090
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,855	1,395	1,455	19,870	9,275	10,595
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	20	870	425	445
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,525	1,715	1,805	25,000	11,870	13,130
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,420	1,670	1,745	21,610	10,330	11,275
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	95	40	50	3,115	1,405	1,710
Before 1981	15	10	0	1,820	830	985
1981 to 1990	0	10	0	350	120	230
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	265	115	150
2001 to 2010	50	20	35	450	220	225
2001 to 2005	20	0	20	200	100	100
2006 to 2010	35	10	15	250	120	125
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	10	240	120	120
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	280	135	140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	90	45	50	3,115	1,405	1,710
Under 5 years	45	15	30	360	170	195
5 to 14 years	10	10	0	495	220	280
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	840	405	435
25 to 44 years	30	15	15	1,210	525	690
45 years and over	0	0	0	200	80	120
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	40	50	3,115	1,405	1,710
Americas	10	0	10	410	200	210
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	330	150	180
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	20	15
Europe	30	20	10	1,830	840	995
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	15	10	0	35	10	20
Germany	0	0	0	200	85	115
Greece	0	0	0	25	15	0
Hungary	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Italy	0	10	0	45	20	25
Netherlands	0	10	0	175	75	105
Poland	0	0	0	50	20	25
Portugal	0	0	0	15	15	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	990	455	535
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	205	95	110
Africa	20	15	10	125	60	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	60	35	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	55	15	35
Asia	35	10	30	675	265	410
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	0	25	125	45	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	70	35	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	50	30	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	120	25	90
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	180	80	100
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	55	20	30
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	70	45	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	240	120	115
Americas	10	0	0	45	25	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	15	10	0	60	45	10
France	15	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	130	45	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	35	10	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,520	1,715	1,805	25,005	11,870	13,130
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	100	50	55	3,665	1,675	1,990
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	70	30	35	5,180	2,440	2,740
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,355	1,635	1,715	16,155	7,755	8,405
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	75	35	40	1,375	600	775
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	15	10	560	240	320
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	10	10	255	130	125
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	310	110	200
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	50	15	35	635	265	370
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	180	100	80
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,520	1,720	1,805	25,005	11,870	13,130
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	0	1,770	780	990
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	1,735	765	970
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	1,115	490	625
Métis	10	10	0	590	265	325
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,515	1,715	1,800	23,235	11,095	12,140
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,525	1,720	1,805	25,005	11,870	13,135
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	10	565	225	335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,515	1,720	1,800	24,445	11,650	12,795
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,525	1,720	1,800	25,005	11,870	13,135
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	10	15	290	150	140
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	10	15	290	145	140
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	15	230	110	115
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	60	35	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	100	20	75	1,730	770	960
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	100	20	75	1,690	755	935
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	15	80	1,200	540	660
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	465	210	255
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,400	1,690	1,710	22,985	10,950	12,030
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,520	1,720	1,805	25,005	11,875	13,130
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	75	25	50	1,735	810	925
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	290	160	135
Chinese	25	0	20	480	200	275
Black	10	0	10	200	115	90
Filipino	10	0	0	190	65	130
Latin American	0	0	0	40	25	20
Arab	35	15	10	0	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	210	105	105
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korean	0	0	0	115	60	50
Japanese	0	0	0	110	45	70
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,445	1,695	1,755	23,265	11,060	12,205
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,520	1,720	1,805	25,005	11,875	13,135
North American Aboriginal origins	125	35	90	2,020	925	1,100
First Nations (North American Indian)	120	25	90	1,475	670	800
Inuit	0	0	0	25	10	15
Métis	0	0	0	570	265	305
Other North American origins	2,960	1,445	1,510	7,095	3,430	3,665
Acadian	0	10	0	35	15	25
American	20	10	15	600	305	300
Canadian	2,930	1,430	1,500	6,685	3,225	3,455
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	65	35	30	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	0	10
European origins	1,035	495	535	20,530	9,670	10,855
British Isles origins	120	35	80	15,905	7,450	8,460
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	35	0	25	9,910	4,690	5,220
Irish	75	25	50	5,520	2,435	3,080
Manx	0	0	0	45	20	25
Scottish	15	0	10	7,460	3,510	3,945
Welsh	0	0	0	925	490	435
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	970	450	520
French origins	920	460	465	3,050	1,295	1,755
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	925	460	470	3,045	1,290	1,750
Western European origins (except French origins)	85	30	60	5,125	2,400	2,725
Austrian	10	0	0	240	85	150
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	10	35	165	75	90
Dutch	0	0	0	1,445	715	730
Flemish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	3,335	1,570	1,765
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	0	0	0	155	65	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	2,520	1,125	1,395
Danish	0	0	0	495	255	240
Finnish	0	0	0	275	115	160
Icelandic	0	0	0	195	85	115
Norwegian	0	0	0	845	390	450
Swedish	0	0	0	810	335	475
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	185	75	115
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	3,155	1,535	1,620
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	85	55	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	60	30	35
Estonian	0	0	0	50	45	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	375	185	195
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	770	340	425
Romanian	0	0	0	100	75	30
Russian	0	0	0	680	335	345
Slovak	0	0	10	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	10	0	1,390	610	785
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	20	10	15	1,425	670	755
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	140	70	70
Italian	10	0	10	735	360	375
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	130	50	75
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Spanish	15	10	10	265	120	145
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	30	0	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	235	100	135
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	65	10	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	150	80	70
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	105	65	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	125	75	50
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	45	20	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	35	20	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	35	20	10	260	135	125
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	55	30	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	10	10
North African origins	30	20	15	30	20	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	15	15	15	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	60	30	30
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	55	25	30
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	120	60	60
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Asian origins	35	10	30	1,680	760	920
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	120	45	75
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	65	20	50
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	325	175	150
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	275	150	125
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	0	30	1,225	530	695
Burmese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	25	0	25	510	210	295
Filipino	10	0	0	185	60	125
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0	135	55	75
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	115	60	55
Laotian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Thai	0	10	0	20	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	200	115	90
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	180	80	95
Australian	0	0	0	70	30	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	50	35	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
Owner	1,220	...	...	8,135	...	...
Renter	460	...	...	3,565	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,680	...	...	11,700	...	...
Condominium	80	...	...	2,365	...	...
Not condominium	1,605	...	...	9,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	85	...	...
1 bedroom	150	...	...	755	...	...
2 bedrooms	495	...	...	4,200	...	...
3 bedrooms	605	...	...	4,490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	430	...	...	2,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,680	...	...	11,700	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	455	...	...	3,105	...	...
5 rooms	275	...	...	2,280	...	...
6 rooms	295	...	...	2,040	...	...
7 rooms	195	...	...	1,455	...	...
8 or more rooms	455	...	...	2,820	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,680	...	...	11,700	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,680	...	...	11,640	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
Suitable	1,660	...	...	11,455	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
1960 or before	555	...	...	1,130	...	...
1961 to 1980	480	...	...	2,630	...	...
1981 to 1990	210	...	...	1,735	...	...
1991 to 2000	175	...	...	3,145	...	...
2001 to 2005	90	...	...	1,105	...	...
2006 to 2010	80	...	...	1,330	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	90	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,600	...	...	11,150	...	...
Major repairs needed	80	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,680	...	...	11,705	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,130	...	...	7,250	...	...
2 household maintainers	540	...	...	4,230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,680	...	...	11,700	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	435	...	...
25 to 34 years	140	...	...	1,355	...	...
35 to 44 years	220	...	...	1,485	...	...
45 to 54 years	250	...	...	1,985	...	...
55 to 64 years	425	...	...	2,350	...	...
65 to 74 years	330	...	...	2,310	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	1,345	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,665	...	...	11,695	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,440	...	...	8,615	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	3,080	...	...
30% to less than 100%	215	...	...	2,760	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,205	...	...	8,135	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.1	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.9	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	617	...	...	872	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	770	...	...	1,023	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,543	...	...	317,684	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	161,605	...	...	341,125	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	460	...	...	3,560	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.1	...	...	11.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.3	...	...	50.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	518	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	572	...	...	948	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,945	1,440	1,510	21,345	9,975	11,375
No certificate, diploma or degree	755	385	370	3,590	1,710	1,880
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	675	280	395	6,890	3,165	3,720
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,515	770	745	10,870	5,095	5,775
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	405	240	2,405	1,755	645
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	445	245	200	990	550	440
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	205	165	45	1,415	1,205	210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	465	205	260	4,500	1,590	2,905
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	10	75	505	170	335
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	310	155	160	3,470	1,575	1,885
Bachelor's degree	215	100	120	2,270	980	1,295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	35	30	255	105	155
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	90	55	35
Master's degree	15	0	10	725	355	370
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	125	85	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,760	860	905	12,545	5,740	6,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	305	165	135	1,475	775	705
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	335	135	195	3,870	1,835	2,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,125	555	570	7,205	3,135	4,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	525	300	225	1,450	1,050	405
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	395	205	185	645	350	290
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	130	95	35	805	695	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345	150	195	3,135	1,040	2,090
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	30	305	115	200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	215	95	120	2,315	935	1,385
Bachelor's degree	145	60	90	1,595	620	970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	140	40	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	15	0	70	35	30
Master's degree	10	0	10	470	210	260
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,945	1,440	1,510	21,350	9,970	11,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,435	665	770	10,480	4,880	5,600
Education	205	65	140	930	280	650
13. Education	205	60	140	930	280	650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	55	10	445	200	245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	45	0	90	70	25
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	355	130	225
Humanities	50	25	25	475	185	290
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	70	15	50
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	130	25	100
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	15	100	30	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	70	40	25
54. History	0	0	0	60	35	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	75	25	60	1,000	350	650
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	85	25	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	270	20	255
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	15	110	45	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	25	10	20
42. Psychology	10	10	0	190	65	120
45. Social sciences	0	10	0	320	190	125
Business, management and public administration	275	75	205	2,030	600	1,430
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	10	170	25	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	255	65	190	1,855	570	1,285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	10	265	150	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	130	60	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	65	35	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	60	55	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	175	90	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	120	65	50
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	45	20	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	380	360	20	2,310	2,155	155
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	20	15	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0	230	205	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	55	0	410	360	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	85	0	715	685	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	75	0	685	650	35
48. Precision production	135	125	10	240	240	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	10	250	160	90
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	25	10	135	85	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	110	75	35
Health and related fields	270	60	215	2,005	305	1,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	125	50	75
51. Health professions and related programs	255	50	210	1,865	245	1,620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	60	55	985	605	380
12. Personal and culinary services	70	15	55	520	195	325
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	45	40	10
43. Security and protective services	10	15	0	125	100	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	275	255	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,760	855	900	12,550	5,740	6,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	640	305	335	5,345	2,605	2,740
Education	110	35	70	525	135	390
13. Education	110	35	75	525	135	390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	45	10	320	125	195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	40	0	55	40	15
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	10	265	85	180
Humanities	20	10	15	305	115	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	40	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	75	20	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	80	20	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	40	25	20
54. History	0	0	0	30	20	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	55	655	160	500
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	75	15	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	195	15	180
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	15	70	15	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	110	10	95
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	195	100	90
Business, management and public administration	235	60	175	1,345	370	975
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	0	140	20	115
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	215	50	165	1,205	350	855
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	175	95	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	95	45	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	40	20	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	40	35	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	130	65	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	95	60	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	280	260	20	1,420	1,305	115
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	15	15	0	135	115	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	45	40	0	220	180	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	10	480	455	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	60	0	440	405	30
48. Precision production	100	95	10	140	140	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	0	170	105	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	10	85	45	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	90	60	25
Health and related fields	220	50	165	1,450	240	1,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	10	90	35	55
51. Health professions and related programs	205	45	160	1,350	195	1,155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	40	55	705	430	270
12. Personal and culinary services	60	0	55	385	165	220
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	115	85	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	170	145	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,950	1,440	1,510	21,350	9,970	11,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,435	670	765	10,475	4,880	5,600
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,515	775	740	10,870	5,095	5,775
Location of study inside Canada	1,480	750	720	9,520	4,405	5,115
Same as province or territory of residence	1,455	735	720	5,985	2,660	3,330
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	0	3,535	1,750	1,785
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	20	15	1,350	690	660
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	310	175	140
Philippines	0	0	0	65	15	45
India	0	0	0	75	35	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	420	215	200
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	10	20
France	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other	35	15	10	440	225	210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,765	855	900	12,550	5,745	6,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	635	305	335	5,345	2,605	2,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,125	555	565	7,205	3,140	4,070
Location of study inside Canada	1,100	550	555	6,540	2,825	3,715
Same as province or territory of residence	1,080	530	550	4,390	1,830	2,560
Different than province or territory of residence	25	15	0	2,150	1,000	1,155
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	15	665	310	355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	140	65	75
Philippines	0	0	0	65	20	50
India	0	0	0	50	30	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	130	70	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	10	25
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	10	10	10	245	120	125
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,945	1,440	1,510	21,345	9,970	11,375
In the labour force	1,615	850	765	11,885	5,925	5,960
Employed	1,525	805	720	10,880	5,370	5,510
Unemployed	90	50	40	1,005	555	445
Not in the labour force	1,330	585	745	9,465	4,050	5,420
Participation rate	54.8	59.0	50.7	55.7	59.4	52.4
Employment rate	51.8	55.9	47.7	51.0	53.9	48.4
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.9	5.2	8.5	9.4	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,950	1,440	1,510	21,350	9,970	11,375
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,270	530	745	8,725	3,700	5,025
Worked	1,680	910	765	12,620	6,270	6,355
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	845	500	345	5,065	2,765	2,295
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	835	410	425	7,555	3,505	4,050
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	43.6	44.0	40.6	40.9	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,615	855	765	11,885	5,925	5,955
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	0	20	225	135	90
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,590	850	745	11,655	5,785	5,870
Employee	1,350	715	635	10,285	5,000	5,285
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	245	140	110	1,370	785	585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,615	850	760	11,880	5,925	5,955
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	20	225	140	90
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,590	850	745	11,655	5,785	5,865
0 Management occupations	120	95	20	1,200	755	450
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	210	50	160	1,240	335	910
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	35	20	550	430	115
3 Health occupations	180	50	130	865	160	710
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	155	35	120	1,370	465	910
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	10	20	255	75	180
6 Sales and service occupations	320	115	205	3,635	1,365	2,270
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	300	295	10	1,805	1,645	160
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	60	10	525	405	125
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	110	55	210	160	50
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,615	850	765	11,880	5,925	5,955
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	20	225	140	90
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,595	850	740	11,650	5,790	5,870
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	85	10	545	390	155
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	140	130	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	20	20	0
23 Construction	110	90	15	1,005	865	135
31-33 Manufacturing	310	225	80	370	265	105
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	10	180	150	30
44-45 Retail trade	190	85	105	2,040	855	1,180
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	40	10	510	325	185
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	10	145	80	70
52 Finance and insurance	45	10	40	355	125	230
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	0	10	210	115	100
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	20	45	465	225	235
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	40	10	515	315	195
61 Educational services	85	25	55	710	200	515
62 Health care and social assistance	255	60	195	1,515	285	1,230
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	10	0	330	165	170
72 Accommodation and food services	80	20	60	1,205	455	745
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	60	55	485	215	275
91 Public administration	65	40	20	910	615	295
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,525	805	720	10,880	5,370	5,510
Worked at home	135	65	80	610	270	345
Worked outside Canada	25	25	0	35	35	0
No fixed workplace address	135	110	25	1,670	1,235	435
Worked at usual place	1,230	605	620	8,560	3,830	4,730
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,225	605	620	8,560	3,830	4,725
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575	215	360	5,250	2,175	3,075
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	90	65	2,375	1,100	1,275
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	495	305	195	735	390	345
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	200	165	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,365	720	645	10,230	5,070	5,160
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,230	660	570	7,845	3,840	4,010
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	40	20	25	630	315	315
Public transit	0	0	0	315	110	210
Walked	85	35	45	780	345	435
Bicycle	0	0	0	370	250	120
Other method	0	0	0	285	215	75
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,360	720	645	10,225	5,070	5,160
Less than 15 minutes	645	285	355	5,750	2,605	3,150
15 to 29 minutes	275	130	145	2,930	1,485	1,450
30 to 44 minutes	270	180	90	670	370	300
45 to 59 minutes	75	60	20	410	235	175
60 minutes and over	95	60	35	465	375	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,365	715	645	10,230	5,070	5,160
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130	100	30	585	395	190
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	220	145	75	1,690	1,015	675
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	500	220	275	2,450	1,370	1,080
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	85	120	2,355	990	1,365
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	95	40	55	1,435	535	900
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	215	120	100	1,715	770	950
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,725	925	790	13,020	6,445	6,580
Single responses	1,715	925	795	12,995	6,425	6,570
Official languages	1,720	920	795	12,850	6,355	6,495
English	35	30	0	12,790	6,335	6,450
French	1,680	890	790	65	15	45
Non-official languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	75	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	30	20	10
English and French	10	10	0	10	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,725	930	795	13,020	6,440	6,580
None	1,560	800	755	12,575	6,215	6,360
English	135	100	35	100	35	65
French	30	25	0	210	135	75
Non-official language	0	0	0	135	60	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	130	60	70
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,495	1,705	1,795	24,760	11,745	13,020
Non-movers	3,195	1,605	1,595	20,480	9,625	10,855
Movers	300	95	200	4,290	2,120	2,170
Non-migrants	140	45	95	2,240	1,060	1,180
Migrants	160	55	105	2,045	1,060	990
Internal migrants	165	55	105	1,910	995	920
Intraprovincial migrants	160	55	105	1,300	665	630
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	615	320	290
External migrants	0	0	0	135	65	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,350	1,635	1,720	23,815	11,315	12,505
Non-movers	2,520	1,275	1,245	12,720	5,895	6,825
Movers	830	360	475	11,090	5,415	5,675
Non-migrants	400	160	240	5,290	2,575	2,710
Migrants	430	200	230	5,805	2,840	2,960
Internal migrants	405	180	220	5,250	2,555	2,695
Intraprovincial migrants	400	180	220	3,435	1,590	1,840
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,820	970	850
External migrants	30	15	15	550	280	270

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Etchemin, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Etchemin, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Courtenay, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia