Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portneuf, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Portneuf, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Russell Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Portneuf, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Portneuf, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Russell [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	53,008	...	...	1,395	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	49,370	...	...	1,371^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.4	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	26,586	...	...	691	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	23,137	...	...	619	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.5	...	...	923.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,923.70	...	...	1.51	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	53,010	26,720	26,290	1,395	645	745
0 to 14 years	8,550	4,310	4,235	235	105	130
0 to 4 years	3,100	1,560	1,540	90	40	50
5 to 9 years	3,070	1,565	1,505	70	30	40
10 to 14 years	2,375	1,190	1,190	75	30	45
15 to 64 years	33,370	17,165	16,205	775	390	390
15 to 19 years	2,300	1,175	1,120	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	2,420	1,275	1,140	75	30	40
25 to 29 years	2,810	1,425	1,385	80	45	40
30 to 34 years	3,215	1,645	1,575	80	45	40
35 to 39 years	3,460	1,830	1,630	85	35	45
40 to 44 years	2,895	1,520	1,375	80	40	35
45 to 49 years	3,080	1,560	1,520	75	40	40
50 to 54 years	4,170	2,135	2,030	95	50	40
55 to 59 years	4,630	2,350	2,285	80	40	40
60 to 64 years	4,395	2,260	2,130	70	30	40
65 years and over	11,090	5,240	5,855	385	160	225
65 to 69 years	3,815	1,970	1,845	90	40	50
70 to 74 years	2,770	1,430	1,340	70	25	45
75 to 79 years	1,875	860	1,015	65	30	35
80 to 84 years	1,330	550	775	50	25	25
85 years and over	1,305	430	875	110	40	70
85 to 89 years	850	320	530	60	20	40
90 to 94 years	360	95	265	40	15	25
95 to 99 years	95	15	80	10	0	10
100 years and over	5	5	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.1	16.1	16.1	16.8	16.3	17.4
15 to 64 years	63.0	64.2	61.6	55.6	60.5	52.3
65 years and over	20.9	19.6	22.3	27.6	24.8	30.2
85 years and over	2.5	1.6	3.3	7.9	6.2	9.4
Average age of the population	43.9	43.2	44.5	45.3	44.1	46.3
Median age of the population	46.4	45.6	47.3	45.2	43.9	46.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	23,140	...	...	620	...	...
Single-detached house	17,615	...	...	480	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,365	...	...	120	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,145	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	95	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,695	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,340	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	135	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	23,135	...	...	615	...	...
1 person	7,185	...	...	230	...	...
2 persons	9,025	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	3,065	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	2,745	...	...	75	...	...
5 or more persons	1,120	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	51,365	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	44,460	22,405	22,055	1,165	545	615
Married or living common law	27,845	13,970	13,875	705	360	350
Married	14,645	7,385	7,260	615	310	305
Living common law	13,200	6,580	6,615	95	50	45
Not married and not living common law	16,620	8,440	8,175	455	190	265
Never married	10,485	6,105	4,380	240	135	110
Separated	545	275	270	20	10	15
Divorced	2,700	1,330	1,370	55	20	35
Widowed	2,880	730	2,150	135	30	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,565	...	...	370	...	...
2 persons	8,930	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	2,960	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	2,675	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	995	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,560	...	...	370	...	...
Total couple families	13,650	...	...	335	...	...
Married couples	7,055	...	...	285	...	...
Common-law couples	6,590	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,915	...	...	40	...	...
Female parent	1,350	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	565	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	13,650	...	...	335	...	...
Couples without children	7,740	...	...	195	...	...
Couples with children	5,910	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	2,405	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	2,530	...	...	60	...	...
3 or more children	970	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,915	...	...	40	...	...
1 child	1,190	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	555	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,685	4,620	4,065	305	140	170
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	23,135	...	...	620	...	...
One-census-family households	15,365	...	...	365	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,655	...	...	195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,715	...	...	175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	95	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,675	...	...	250	...	...
One-person households	7,185	...	...	225	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	490	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	52,220	26,255	25,965	1,350	635	710
English only	45	30	15	1,310	615	700
French only	39,055	18,945	20,115	0	0	0
English and French	13,090	7,265	5,825	40	25	15
Neither English nor French	30	25	5	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	52,220	26,255	25,965	1,350	635	715
English	530	260	265	1,335	630	710
French	51,600	25,935	25,665	10	10	5
English and French	70	40	30	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	25	20	5	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	565	280	280	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.6	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	52,220	26,255	25,965	1,350	635	715
Single responses	52,010	26,130	25,885	1,315	620	695
Official languages	51,715	25,965	25,750	1,145	535	610
English	525	260	265	1,130	530	605
French	51,190	25,705	25,485	15	5	10
Non-official languages	295	160	130	165	85	85
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	290	160	130	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	35	10	5	5	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	35	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	35	10	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	70	35	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	60	35	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	185	100	85	80	35	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	45	15	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	20	35	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	30	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	65	45	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	80	55	30	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	210	125	85	40	10	20
English and French	180	110	65	5	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	35	10	20
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	52,220	26,255	25,965	1,350	635	715
Single responses	51,980	26,135	25,850	1,310	610	700
Official languages	51,885	26,070	25,815	1,270	590	680
English	360	185	175	1,270	590	680
French	51,520	25,885	25,635	0	0	0
Non-official languages	100	55	40	40	25	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	60	35	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	25	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	35	20	10	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	10	10	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	125	115	45	25	15
English and French	145	70	75	5	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	15
French and non-official language	80	45	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	52,225	26,255	25,965	1,350	640	715
None	50,185	25,170	25,015	1,250	590	665
English	1,575	855	720	25	10	10
French	250	125	125	0	0	0
Non-official language	160	80	80	70	30	40
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	80	75	70	35	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	42,820	21,675	21,145	1,115	530	580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,995	21,350	20,640	1,080	520	560
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,818	40,239	26,995	32,992	42,688	25,237
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,015	21,355	20,655	1,080	515	565
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,105	34,920	24,781	29,712	37,184	23,667
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	37,620	19,790	17,825	995	490	510
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,973	36,265	23,537	30,336	42,112	20,843
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,390	15,605	16,785	795	330	465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,486	8,103	8,811	9,488	8,672	9,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	30,045	16,220	13,825	775	400	370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,936	37,585	26,053	35,200	47,232	25,152
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	42,825	21,680	21,150	1,145	545	600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,995	21,340	20,655	1,110	535	580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,168	45,883	32,231	43,811	52,656	35,619
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,010	21,340	20,675	1,110	535	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,959	37,802	27,961	36,577	42,914	30,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,580	19,705	17,875	1,050	515	530
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,716	42,688	28,030	39,170	48,201	30,354
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,465	15,605	16,860	840	340	505
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,323	8,837	9,773	8,975	9,287	8,767
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	30,045	16,175	13,870	760	410	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,697	42,471	29,963	40,453	49,008	30,322
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	42,820	21,675	21,150	1,145	540	600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	13,955	7,940	6,015	325	200	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,603	49,433	38,234	57,258	68,795	44,597
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,473	55,145	41,985	61,998	71,420	46,725
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.7	85.7	75.6	85.9	89.9	79.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.0	69.8	62.8	66.2	72.4	55.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.3	14.3	24.4	13.9	9.2	20.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	42,820	21,675	21,145	1,120	530	585
Without total income	830	325	500	35	15	20
With total income	41,995	21,355	20,645	1,080	520	560
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.5	97.6	96.4	98.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,275	1,535	2,740	100	45	60
$10,000 to $19,999	7,630	2,790	4,840	200	70	135
$20,000 to $29,999	6,775	3,090	3,685	195	70	125
$30,000 to $39,999	6,290	3,170	3,120	140	60	80
$40,000 to $49,999	5,645	3,230	2,415	90	45	45
$50,000 to $59,999	3,880	2,350	1,530	75	45	30
$60,000 to $69,999	2,615	1,735	880	60	30	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,750	1,135	620	45	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,030	700	335	40	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	625	440	190	30	30	5
$100,000 and over	1,475	1,185	285	85	65	20
$100,000 to $149,999	1,120	890	230	70	50	15
$150,000 and over	355	300	60	20	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,820	21,680	21,150	1,115	535	585
Without after-tax income	810	320	495	35	15	20
With after-tax income	42,010	21,355	20,655	1,085	520	565
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.5	97.7	97.3	97.2	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,505	1,595	2,910	105	45	60
$10,000 to $19,999	8,035	2,970	5,065	220	70	145
$20,000 to $29,999	8,385	3,955	4,435	220	85	135
$30,000 to $39,999	8,190	4,500	3,695	160	75	85
$40,000 to $49,999	5,755	3,500	2,255	105	60	45
$50,000 to $59,999	3,335	2,155	1,185	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	1,715	1,100	620	70	50	20
$70,000 to $79,999	955	675	280	40	30	15
$80,000 and over	1,130	910	220	70	55	10
$80,000 to $89,999	440	360	85	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	210	165	45	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	480	385	95	25	20	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	42,820	21,675	21,145	1,115	535	580
Without employment income	12,780	5,455	7,320	345	130	210
With employment income	30,045	16,220	13,825	775	400	375
Percentage with employment income	70.2	74.8	65.4	69.5	74.8	64.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,735	1,935	1,800	110	50	60
$5,000 to $9,999	2,240	950	1,290	50	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	4,180	1,760	2,415	85	25	55
$20,000 to $29,999	4,005	1,775	2,235	95	40	55
$30,000 to $39,999	4,325	2,200	2,125	100	40	55
$40,000 to $49,999	3,625	2,100	1,525	75	35	40
$50,000 to $59,999	2,485	1,615	870	55	35	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,870	1,255	620	35	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	870	445	50	30	15
$80,000 and over	2,260	1,765	490	120	100	25
$80,000 to $89,999	715	520	195	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	480	355	130	35	30	5
$100,000 and over	1,060	895	170	65	55	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	23,140	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,385	...	...	63,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,618	...	...	53,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,185	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,598	...	...	29,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,863	...	...	28,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	15,950	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,156	...	...	86,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,228	...	...	73,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	23,135	...	...	650	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,092	...	...	74,652	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,848	...	...	62,326	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,170	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,503	...	...	45,930	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,173	...	...	39,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,965	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,626	...	...	92,177	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,725	...	...	76,436	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	23,135	...	...	615	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	245	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	630	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,245	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,235	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	955	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,375	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,300	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,230	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,100	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,060	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,850	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,685	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,570	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,330	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,210	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,405	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,330	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,030	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	450	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	23,135	...	...	615	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	245	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	650	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,320	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,420	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,120	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,710	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,540	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,390	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,365	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,410	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,185	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,900	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,605	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,180	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,960	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,750	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	675	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	535	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,625	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,276	...	...	87,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,250	...	...	73,933	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,555	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,148	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,493	...	...	63,744	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,930	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,301	...	...	122,624	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,342	...	...	97,536	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,865	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,291	...	...	38,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,767	...	...	37,120	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,645	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,772	...	...	94,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,801	...	...	78,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,540	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,354	...	...	79,301	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,113	...	...	67,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,915	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,852	...	...	123,599	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,231	...	...	98,733	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,885	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,638	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,690	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,055	4,295	3,760	285	130	155
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,923	34,438	23,808	28,288	34,496	24,384
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,347	30,435	23,064	26,496	29,376	23,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,040	4,375	3,665	280	125	160
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,739	39,562	31,177	41,966	38,716	44,507
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,565	33,111	27,527	35,970	32,535	38,657
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	51,365	25,980	25,380	1,350	635	715
In the bottom half of the distribution	29,715	14,725	14,990	705	315	390
In the bottom decile	3,025	1,445	1,585	115	50	65
In the second decile	5,840	2,620	3,220	175	70	110
In the third decile	6,645	3,315	3,325	125	60	65
In the fourth decile	7,205	3,675	3,530	145	70	75
In the fifth decile	7,010	3,670	3,335	140	65	75
In the top half of the distribution	21,650	11,260	10,390	645	325	320
In the sixth decile	6,585	3,405	3,185	150	65	85
In the seventh decile	5,990	3,110	2,885	130	70	65
In the eighth decile	4,505	2,335	2,170	160	80	80
In the ninth decile	2,900	1,520	1,380	120	65	50
In the top decile	1,665	890	775	80	40	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	51,365	25,985	25,385	1,350	640	715
0 to 17 years	9,870	4,985	4,885	275	125	150
0 to 5 years	3,760	1,905	1,850	105	50	55
18 to 64 years	31,575	16,105	15,470	735	370	365
65 years and over	9,920	4,895	5,025	340	145	195
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,005	2,680	3,320	215	80	135
0 to 17 years	880	425	460	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	265	140	125	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	2,905	1,415	1,490	95	40	50
65 years and over	2,220	850	1,370	85	25	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.7	10.3	13.1	15.9	12.5	18.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	8.5	9.4	12.7	12.0	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	7.3	6.8	14.3	10.0	18.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.8	9.6	12.9	10.8	13.7
65 years and over (%)	22.4	17.4	27.3	25.0	17.2	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,695	865	830	85	40	45
0 to 17 years	225	115	110	20	5	15
0 to 5 years	70	35	30	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	1,320	690	630	55	30	30
65 years and over	150	50	95	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.3	6.3	6.3	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	2.3	2.3	7.3	4.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	1.8	1.6	4.8	0.0	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.3	4.1	7.5	8.1	8.2
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.0	1.9	1.5	0.0	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	51,365	25,985	25,380	1,385	640	745
Official languages	51,330	25,960	25,370	1,390	645	745
English	13,110	7,440	5,670	1,390	640	745
French	51,285	25,935	25,350	70	40	30
Non-official languages	1,440	685	755	190	100	100
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,430	675	755	190	100	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	50	15	10	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	50	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	55	15	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	85	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	85	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	10	20	10	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,280	585	700	75	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	35	45	55	25	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	35	45	55	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	40	45	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	40	40	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,160	525	640	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	10	45	10	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,085	485	605	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	51,365	25,980	25,385	1,385	645	745
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	50,985	25,775	25,210	1,260	575	690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,885	5,000	4,885	260	100	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	41,100	20,770	20,330	995	475	520
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	380	215	170	130	70	60
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	51,365	25,985	25,385	1,390	640	745
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	50,485	25,525	24,960	1,240	575	665
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	790	410	385	115	55	65
Before 1981	155	95	55	20	10	20
1981 to 1990	90	45	50	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	165	65	100	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	230	115	115	15	0	10
2001 to 2005	95	55	40	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	135	65	70	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	150	80	65	75	45	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	55	35	35	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	790	410	385	120	55	60
Under 5 years	110	35	75	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	115	70	55	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	185	100	80	30	20	10
25 to 44 years	310	185	130	45	20	25
45 years and over	70	20	45	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	795	405	385	115	55	65
Americas	165	70	100	15	10	10
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	25	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	15	40	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	25	0	0	0
Europe	475	265	215	20	0	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	310	185	130	0	0	0
Germany	30	20	10	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	80	35	45	10	0	0
Africa	65	50	20	20	15	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	10	20	15	10
Asia	75	25	55	65	30	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	0	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	60	30	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	145	80	65	75	50	30
Americas	15	0	15	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	50	25	0	0	0
France	60	45	20	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	50	35	15	20	15	10
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	20	15	0
Asia	10	10	10	55	35	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	55	30	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	51,365	25,985	25,385	1,385	645	745
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	980	525	455	155	75	75
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	870	425	445	165	65	100
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	49,510	25,025	24,485	1,070	500	565
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	640	310	330	95	50	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	335	180	155	90	45	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	175	110	65	35	15	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	165	75	90	55	25	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	265	110	155	10	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	51,365	25,985	25,380	1,390	640	745
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	620	320	305	200	70	130
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	580	310	275	195	65	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	215	105	110	20	0	20
Métis	360	200	165	170	65	95
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	50,740	25,665	25,075	1,185	575	615
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	51,365	25,980	25,380	1,390	645	745
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	160	70	95	25	0	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	51,205	25,915	25,290	1,365	645	720
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	51,365	25,985	25,380	1,390	645	745
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	375	185	190	85	25	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	365	175	185	80	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	275	135	140	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	80	40	40	60	25	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,185	530	655	135	65	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,130	495	635	135	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	975	420	560	35	15	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	65	65	95	45	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	35	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	35	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	49,810	25,270	24,535	1,170	550	615
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	51,365	25,985	25,380	1,385	640	745
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	450	220	225	125	65	60
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese	45	0	45	0	0	0
Black	135	80	50	25	10	10
Filipino	20	10	15	90	35	50
Latin American	110	55	60	0	0	0
Arab	50	35	15	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	40	25	15	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	50,910	25,765	25,150	1,265	580	685
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	51,365	25,985	25,380	1,390	640	745
North American Aboriginal origins	1,555	715	845	220	90	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,320	600	715	45	15	30
Inuit	30	0	20	10	0	15
Métis	275	150	125	165	70	90
Other North American origins	42,180	21,155	21,020	280	125	155
Acadian	155	65	90	0	0	0
American	165	100	65	10	0	0
Canadian	40,895	20,495	20,400	270	120	150
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,260	655	605	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	15,180	7,785	7,400	1,115	530	585
British Isles origins	3,140	1,585	1,555	610	315	290
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	600	305	300	420	240	180
Irish	2,085	1,060	1,025	235	125	110
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	790	360	435	220	115	100
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	105	50	60	10	0	10
French origins	12,590	6,420	6,175	185	75	110
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	100	55	45	0	0	0
Corsican	30	15	15	0	0	0
French	12,530	6,375	6,155	190	75	110
Western European origins (except French origins)	810	390	420	410	180	235
Austrian	30	20	15	45	10	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	145	90	55	10	0	10
Dutch	95	45	50	75	30	40
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	495	225	275	325	145	180
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	85	40	45	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	70	30	40	55	20	30
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	40	15	25	10	0	10
Swedish	25	15	10	15	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	215	125	90	510	230	280
Bulgarian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	55	35	105	35	70
Romanian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Russian	65	25	40	25	10	20
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	45	25	20	390	180	210
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	580	320	260	15	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	45	40	0	0	0
Italian	360	200	160	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	70	45	15	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	70	40	25	10	10	0
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	30	15	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	125	70	50	0	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	25	15	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	165	95	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	155	90	60	15	10	0
Central and West African origins	50	15	30	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	70	50	15	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	30	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	15	10	15	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	15	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asian origins	185	80	105	120	65	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	35	10	25	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	10	10	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	15	0	15	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	125	55	75	95	45	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	65	15	50	0	0	0
Filipino	15	0	10	85	40	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	23,135	...	...	650	...	...
Owner	18,175	...	...	490	...	...
Renter	4,960	...	...	165	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	23,140	...	...	655	...	...
Condominium	690	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	22,450	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	23,140	...	...	650	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,220	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,000	...	...	185	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,720	...	...	250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,160	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	23,140	...	...	655	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,290	...	...	105	...	...
5 rooms	4,165	...	...	130	...	...
6 rooms	4,120	...	...	115	...	...
7 rooms	3,345	...	...	100	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,215	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	23,135	...	...	650	...	...
One person or fewer per room	23,095	...	...	650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	23,140	...	...	650	...	...
Suitable	22,825	...	...	635	...	...
Not suitable	310	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	23,135	...	...	650	...	...
1960 or before	7,210	...	...	210	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,715	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,705	...	...	85	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,420	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,015	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,810	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,260	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	23,140	...	...	650	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	21,580	...	...	630	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,555	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	23,140	...	...	650	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,395	...	...	400	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,625	...	...	240	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	110	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	23,135	...	...	650	...	...
15 to 24 years	420	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,955	...	...	70	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,470	...	...	115	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,300	...	...	115	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,340	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,105	...	...	105	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,885	...	...	60	...	...
85 years and over	665	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	22,790	...	...	650	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,520	...	...	545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,270	...	...	110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,985	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,880	...	...	490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.9	...	...	44.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.7	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	840	...	...	515	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	896	...	...	729	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,823	...	...	174,677	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	215,276	...	...	185,807	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,920	...	...	165	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.3	...	...	27.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.8	...	...	42.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	567	...	...	742	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	596	...	...	830	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,825	21,675	21,145	1,140	545	600
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,365	4,250	4,115	295	150	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,795	4,540	5,250	325	160	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,665	12,890	11,780	525	235	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,450	6,935	3,510	145	90	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,800	4,730	3,065	95	55	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,655	2,205	445	50	35	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,960	3,340	4,620	180	50	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,130	440	685	45	20	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,125	2,165	2,960	155	65	90
Bachelor's degree	3,720	1,525	2,195	125	60	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	460	205	250	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	50	70	15	0	15
Master's degree	710	325	380	20	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	60	60	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	28,250	14,355	13,900	620	305	320
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,165	1,845	1,320	80	50	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,820	2,740	3,075	180	90	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,270	9,765	9,500	365	165	205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,355	5,365	2,985	95	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,300	3,660	2,640	65	45	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,055	1,710	345	30	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,075	2,570	3,505	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	745	255	490	20	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,090	1,570	2,525	105	45	55
Bachelor's degree	2,985	1,125	1,865	85	40	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335	125	210	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	30	65	10	0	10
Master's degree	575	240	335	20	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	50	50	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,820	21,680	21,145	1,145	545	600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,155	8,790	9,365	620	310	305
Education	1,990	465	1,525	55	15	40
13. Education	1,990	465	1,525	55	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	705	295	410	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	125	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	520	175	350	15	10	10
Humanities	925	410	515	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	25	65	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	20	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	515	215	300	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	40	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	30	0	0	0
54. History	45	30	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	45	75	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,595	410	1,190	45	20	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	65	105	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	590	25	570	30	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	210	75	140	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	40	10	10	0
42. Psychology	230	40	185	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	330	190	135	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,800	1,320	3,480	85	20	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	35	200	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,560	1,285	3,275	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	640	315	335	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	80	130	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	35	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	155	35	120	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	180	140	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	655	435	220	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	570	415	155	0	0	10
25. Library science	45	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	20	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,765	6,340	425	125	125	0
04. Architecture and related services	130	55	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	435	360	75	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,160	1,040	115	35	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,535	1,510	35	45	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,040	2,005	35	35	30	0
48. Precision production	1,465	1,375	90	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,300	1,030	270	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	690	485	205	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	610	545	65	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,840	425	2,420	120	15	100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	140	90	50	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,690	335	2,355	100	10	95
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,455	1,450	1,005	45	10	35
12. Personal and culinary services	1,050	260	790	45	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	35	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	500	365	135	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	860	785	70	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	28,255	14,355	13,895	620	300	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,985	4,590	4,395	255	135	115
Education	1,245	235	1,015	30	10	25
13. Education	1,245	230	1,015	30	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	585	240	345	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	100	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	425	135	290	15	10	10
Humanities	575	225	350	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	10	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	20	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	115	170	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	25	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	25	0	0	0
54. History	30	15	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	80	20	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,280	310	970	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	50	100	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	25	480	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	190	65	120	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	10	0	0
42. Psychology	165	35	130	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	230	130	100	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,960	995	2,970	60	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	30	180	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,750	970	2,785	50	10	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	460	240	225	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	75	120	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	30	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	15	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	140	100	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	580	375	205	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	505	360	145	0	0	10
25. Library science	45	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,280	4,890	395	95	90	10
04. Architecture and related services	105	35	70	0	0	0
14. Engineering	325	255	65	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	950	840	110	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,160	1,140	25	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,565	1,525	35	30	30	0
48. Precision production	1,175	1,090	85	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,085	845	245	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	565	385	175	20	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	520	460	65	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,310	320	1,990	75	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	65	50	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,180	255	1,930	60	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,905	1,110	795	40	10	35
12. Personal and culinary services	820	195	635	45	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	370	275	100	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	690	625	60	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,820	21,680	21,145	1,145	540	600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,155	8,790	9,365	620	310	305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,670	12,885	11,780	525	230	290
Location of study inside Canada	24,330	12,680	11,650	440	195	240
Same as province or territory of residence	23,950	12,480	11,470	325	145	180
Different than province or territory of residence	375	195	180	115	55	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	340	205	135	85	30	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	40	25	10	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	50	20	25
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	160	100	65	0	0	0
Other	105	60	40	20	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	28,255	14,355	13,900	620	300	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,985	4,590	4,395	255	140	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,265	9,765	9,500	365	165	200
Location of study inside Canada	19,000	9,615	9,385	295	135	155
Same as province or territory of residence	18,700	9,465	9,235	220	95	120
Different than province or territory of residence	300	155	150	75	40	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	265	150	115	75	30	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	20	20	10	0	10
Philippines	10	0	10	45	20	25
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	140	80	65	0	0	0
Other	80	45	30	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	42,820	21,675	21,150	1,145	545	600
In the labour force	27,065	14,540	12,520	670	370	300
Employed	25,560	13,615	11,945	645	355	290
Unemployed	1,500	925	575	30	20	10
Not in the labour force	15,760	7,140	8,625	475	175	300
Participation rate	63.2	67.1	59.2	58.5	67.9	50.0
Employment rate	59.7	62.8	56.5	56.3	65.1	48.3
Unemployment rate	5.5	6.4	4.6	4.5	5.4	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	42,825	21,680	21,145	1,145	545	600
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	14,465	6,435	8,030	430	155	275
Worked	28,360	15,240	13,115	715	385	330
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,190	8,070	6,125	330	200	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,165	7,170	6,995	390	185	205
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.6	43.1	41.7	42.5	40.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	27,060	14,540	12,520	670	370	300
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	330	165	170	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	26,730	14,375	12,350	670	360	300
Employee	23,575	12,525	11,045	595	315	270
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,160	1,855	1,305	70	45	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	27,065	14,540	12,520	670	370	300
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	335	165	165	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	26,730	14,375	12,355	665	365	300
0 Management occupations	2,245	1,500	750	65	40	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,895	995	2,900	75	30	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,480	1,150	330	20	25	0
3 Health occupations	1,945	235	1,705	30	0	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,005	905	2,095	70	10	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	570	175	390	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	5,680	2,375	3,310	185	65	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,155	4,895	260	140	130	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	680	585	90	45	45	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,080	1,560	525	25	30	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	27,060	14,540	12,520	670	370	300
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	335	165	170	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	26,730	14,375	12,355	665	365	300
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,145	875	270	35	35	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	100	10	45	45	0
22 Utilities	110	95	15	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,895	1,690	205	65	65	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,020	3,060	960	65	55	10
41 Wholesale trade	750	590	160	10	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	3,505	1,630	1,875	90	35	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,280	980	300	20	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	255	100	150	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	770	225	550	30	0	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	275	205	70	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,225	630	595	15	0	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	900	600	305	20	0	15
61 Educational services	1,475	405	1,070	65	10	55
62 Health care and social assistance	3,335	405	2,935	60	10	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	415	210	205	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,695	585	1,115	75	25	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,365	755	615	30	20	10
91 Public administration	2,195	1,240	955	20	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	25,565	13,620	11,945	640	350	290
Worked at home	1,850	895	955	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	55	40	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,235	1,765	470	105	85	20
Worked at usual place	21,420	10,910	10,510	510	255	255
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	21,420	10,910	10,510	515	255	255
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,785	2,680	3,100	365	165	205
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,125	3,275	2,855	55	30	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,470	4,925	4,545	45	20	25
Commute to a different province or territory	40	30	10	45	40	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	23,655	12,680	10,980	615	340	275
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,235	11,605	9,635	495	300	195
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	930	395	535	25	10	15
Public transit	190	65	120	0	0	0
Walked	980	395	580	80	15	60
Bicycle	95	75	20	15	10	10
Other method	240	145	90	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	23,660	12,680	10,980	620	345	280
Less than 15 minutes	7,880	3,830	4,050	365	150	215
15 to 29 minutes	6,300	3,400	2,900	125	95	30
30 to 44 minutes	5,730	3,305	2,425	65	50	20
45 to 59 minutes	2,490	1,390	1,100	30	30	0
60 minutes and over	1,255	750	505	30	25	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	23,660	12,680	10,980	615	340	275
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,965	1,580	390	35	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,995	3,970	2,025	100	95	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,565	3,610	3,950	160	95	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,380	1,275	2,110	190	60	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,270	445	820	50	20	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,485	1,795	1,685	85	45	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	29,020	15,560	13,460	740	395	345
Single responses	28,510	15,230	13,275	735	390	345
Official languages	28,475	15,200	13,275	740	390	345
English	425	270	150	740	390	345
French	28,050	14,925	13,125	0	0	0
Non-official languages	35	35	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	35	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	40	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	40	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	35	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	510	325	180	10	0	0
English and French	495	325	180	10	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	29,020	15,565	13,455	740	395	345
None	24,935	13,025	11,905	730	395	335
English	3,760	2,345	1,410	0	0	0
French	275	170	105	10	0	10
Non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	50,820	25,700	25,115	1,380	645	740
Non-movers	46,625	23,685	22,940	1,305	610	695
Movers	4,195	2,020	2,180	75	35	45
Non-migrants	1,745	800	945	15	10	10
Migrants	2,450	1,215	1,235	60	25	35
Internal migrants	2,390	1,185	1,210	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	2,335	1,150	1,185	20	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	0	0	0
External migrants	55	35	25	35	10	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	48,265	24,420	23,840	1,305	610	690
Non-movers	34,340	17,575	16,765	900	405	495
Movers	13,920	6,845	7,080	405	210	195
Non-migrants	5,465	2,625	2,840	135	65	70
Migrants	8,460	4,225	4,240	270	140	125
Internal migrants	8,280	4,120	4,155	180	90	95
Intraprovincial migrants	8,105	4,050	4,060	120	60	65
Interprovincial migrants	165	75	95	60	30	35
External migrants	185	100	80	90	55	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Portneuf, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portneuf, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Portneuf, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portneuf, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba