Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mékinac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Beauport--Limoilou [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mékinac, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Beauport--Limoilou Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Mékinac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Mékinac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Beauport--Limoilou [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	12,358	...	...	96,029	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,924	...	...	92,944	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-4.4	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,324	...	...	50,918	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,013	...	...	48,440	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.4	...	...	2,871.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,222.10	...	...	33.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	12,360	6,175	6,180	96,025	46,030	50,000
0 to 14 years	1,475	765	715	12,265	6,160	6,105
0 to 4 years	440	225	215	4,655	2,350	2,300
5 to 9 years	520	275	245	4,030	1,990	2,035
10 to 14 years	520	265	255	3,585	1,815	1,770
15 to 64 years	7,190	3,605	3,585	63,050	31,645	31,410
15 to 19 years	455	235	220	3,945	2,020	1,925
20 to 24 years	460	235	230	6,250	3,080	3,170
25 to 29 years	375	210	165	7,220	3,525	3,690
30 to 34 years	475	240	235	7,185	3,790	3,400
35 to 39 years	620	320	300	6,595	3,415	3,175
40 to 44 years	540	255	280	5,250	2,715	2,540
45 to 49 years	645	325	315	5,260	2,640	2,620
50 to 54 years	965	460	510	6,970	3,460	3,510
55 to 59 years	1,285	645	645	7,540	3,730	3,810
60 to 64 years	1,365	680	685	6,835	3,255	3,575
65 years and over	3,690	1,810	1,880	20,710	8,230	12,480
65 to 69 years	1,170	625	540	6,235	2,785	3,450
70 to 74 years	955	495	465	5,070	2,240	2,835
75 to 79 years	645	300	350	3,590	1,450	2,140
80 to 84 years	465	215	250	2,720	915	1,805
85 years and over	460	175	280	3,100	845	2,250
85 to 89 years	275	115	165	1,940	590	1,345
90 to 94 years	135	55	80	895	210	685
95 to 99 years	35	5	30	240	35	200
100 years and over	10	5	5	30	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.9	12.4	11.6	12.8	13.4	12.2
15 to 64 years	58.2	58.4	58.0	65.7	68.7	62.8
65 years and over	29.9	29.3	30.4	21.6	17.9	25.0
85 years and over	3.7	2.8	4.5	3.2	1.8	4.5
Average age of the population	50.2	49.4	50.9	44.2	42.4	45.9
Median age of the population	55.8	55.5	56.1	44.3	41.8	47.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,015	...	...	48,440	...	...
Single-detached house	4,805	...	...	10,150	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	2,390	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,165	...	...	35,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	185	...	...	1,100	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	475	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	400	...	...	4,930	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	485	...	...	29,170	...	...
Other single-attached house	85	...	...	215	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	45	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,015	...	...	48,440	...	...
1 person	2,185	...	...	21,895	...	...
2 persons	2,560	...	...	16,325	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	5,190	...	...
4 persons	445	...	...	3,580	...	...
5 or more persons	220	...	...	1,455	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,065	...	...	92,325	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,885	5,415	5,470	83,760	39,875	43,895
Married or living common law	6,620	3,315	3,310	39,885	19,995	19,895
Married	3,890	1,945	1,945	20,530	10,275	10,260
Living common law	2,730	1,365	1,365	19,360	9,720	9,640
Not married and not living common law	4,260	2,105	2,160	43,875	19,880	23,990
Never married	2,445	1,420	1,025	29,890	15,505	14,380
Separated	140	70	65	1,305	565	735
Divorced	795	410	380	7,180	2,685	4,495
Widowed	890	205	685	5,505	1,125	4,380
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,750	...	...	24,155	...	...
2 persons	2,545	...	...	14,790	...	...
3 persons	590	...	...	4,735	...	...
4 persons	425	...	...	3,385	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,750	...	...	24,155	...	...
Total couple families	3,260	...	...	19,495	...	...
Married couples	1,895	...	...	9,835	...	...
Common-law couples	1,365	...	...	9,660	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	490	...	...	4,655	...	...
Female parent	370	...	...	3,480	...	...
Male parent	125	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,260	...	...	19,495	...	...
Couples without children	2,220	...	...	11,685	...	...
Couples with children	1,035	...	...	7,815	...	...
1 child	450	...	...	3,535	...	...
2 children	400	...	...	3,110	...	...
3 or more children	185	...	...	1,170	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	490	...	...	4,660	...	...
1 child	325	...	...	3,110	...	...
2 children	135	...	...	1,205	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,495	1,300	1,195	28,320	13,295	15,025
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,015	...	...	48,440	...	...
One-census-family households	3,705	...	...	23,855	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,200	...	...	11,560	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,505	...	...	12,295	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	155	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,285	...	...	24,440	...	...
One-person households	2,185	...	...	21,895	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	100	...	...	2,545	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	12,195	6,115	6,080	94,280	45,260	49,015
English only	15	10	5	170	100	70
French only	10,150	4,950	5,205	61,380	27,150	34,230
English and French	2,030	1,155	875	32,205	17,775	14,435
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	525	240	290
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	12,195	6,110	6,080	94,280	45,265	49,015
English	75	35	40	1,190	620	570
French	12,105	6,070	6,030	91,720	43,930	47,790
English and French	10	0	5	860	485	370
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	515	230	285
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	80	35	45	1,620	860	755
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.6	0.7	1.7	1.9	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	12,195	6,115	6,085	94,280	45,265	49,015
Single responses	12,155	6,095	6,060	93,275	44,725	48,555
Official languages	12,105	6,075	6,035	88,155	42,155	45,995
English	75	35	40	1,045	530	515
French	12,040	6,040	5,995	87,110	41,620	45,485
Non-official languages	50	25	20	5,130	2,570	2,555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	110	35	70
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	105	40	70
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	105	35	70
Atikamekw	5	0	5	5	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	100	30	65
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	25	5,015	2,535	2,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	870	495	370
Berber languages	0	0	0	125	70	60
Kabyle	0	0	0	60	35	30
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	730	420	310
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	730	420	310
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	205	105	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	100	50	50
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	10	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	155	70	90
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	140	60	80
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	15	2,710	1,325	1,380
Albanian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	430	195	230
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	0	430	200	230
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	165	80	80
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	15	5
Russian	5	0	0	70	30	40
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	60	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	5	45	15	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	550	265	285
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	435	210	225
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	415	200	210
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	75	35	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	1,580	790	790
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	70	40	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	180	90	90
Romanian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Spanish	15	5	10	1,225	605	620
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	730	370	365
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	40	25	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	110	60	50
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	70	35	35
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	195	90	105
Wolof	0	0	0	30	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	120	105
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	95	90
Chinese languages	0	0	0	150	75	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	105	50	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	1,000	535	465
English and French	35	20	20	445	240	200
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	20	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	505	260	240
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	12,195	6,115	6,080	94,280	45,265	49,020
Single responses	12,160	6,090	6,070	92,510	44,335	48,175
Official languages	12,140	6,085	6,060	89,725	42,960	46,760
English	55	25	30	665	350	320
French	12,085	6,060	6,030	89,055	42,610	46,445
Non-official languages	20	5	10	2,790	1,375	1,415
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	50	15	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	2,740	1,355	1,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	405	225	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	360	195	170
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	360	195	165
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	60	25	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	1,700	835	860
Albanian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	260	125	135
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5	255	120	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	115	50	60
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	40	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	495	235	260
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	420	200	225
Bengali	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	405	190	210
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	30	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	895	460	440
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	110	55	50
Romanian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Spanish	5	5	5	720	365	350
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	240	110	135
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	65	30	40
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	50	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	155	80	70
Chinese languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	50	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	15	1,770	925	845
English and French	30	15	10	470	275	195
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	5	0	1,180	590	590
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	95	50	45
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	12,195	6,115	6,080	94,280	45,265	49,020
None	11,905	5,970	5,940	87,260	41,570	45,690
English	225	115	110	3,445	1,935	1,510
French	40	20	20	1,470	725	745
Non-official language	15	10	10	1,840	900	940
Aboriginal	0	5	0	40	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	1,805	885	920
English and French	0	0	0	55	30	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	170	80	85
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,585	5,310	5,280	80,095	38,580	41,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,380	5,225	5,155	78,695	37,920	40,775
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,033	32,523	21,325	31,568	34,766	28,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,390	5,225	5,165	78,705	37,920	40,790
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,292	29,109	20,476	28,420	30,776	26,323
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,785	4,585	4,200	68,825	33,865	34,955
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,123	27,136	17,208	28,796	32,437	25,352
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,740	4,360	4,385	63,790	29,480	34,315
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,200	10,437	10,096	7,526	5,750	8,580
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,300	3,410	2,890	54,920	28,335	26,590
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,130	26,272	19,891	30,414	32,401	28,379
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,585	5,280	5,305	79,985	38,500	41,485
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,395	5,205	5,185	78,520	37,845	40,680
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,993	38,768	27,194	37,090	40,853	33,590
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,400	5,205	5,195	78,525	37,845	40,680
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,436	32,937	23,926	31,476	34,056	29,075
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,855	4,615	4,245	68,575	33,950	34,630
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,568	33,853	22,818	34,576	39,024	30,216
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,750	4,355	4,400	63,655	29,400	34,250
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,275	10,498	10,054	8,504	7,525	9,345
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,300	3,380	2,920	54,865	28,495	26,370
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,117	32,622	25,062	35,036	37,563	32,306
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,585	5,280	5,305	79,985	38,500	41,490
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,275	1,275	995	24,385	12,855	11,535
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	38,117	42,011	32,454	42,895	45,617	40,922
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,915	48,228	38,392	48,115	51,598	44,231
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	73.3	76.8	68.5	81.5	85.7	76.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	53.8	55.6	51.3	66.0	69.3	62.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	26.7	23.2	31.5	18.5	14.3	23.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,585	5,305	5,280	80,095	38,585	41,515
Without total income	205	80	125	1,395	660	735
With total income	10,380	5,225	5,155	78,700	37,920	40,780
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.5	97.6	98.3	98.3	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,180	435	745	7,920	3,745	4,180
$10,000 to $19,999	2,620	1,010	1,610	16,045	6,640	9,400
$20,000 to $29,999	2,030	965	1,060	13,410	5,810	7,600
$30,000 to $39,999	1,520	870	655	12,350	6,005	6,345
$40,000 to $49,999	1,220	730	485	10,165	4,935	5,230
$50,000 to $59,999	680	435	245	6,785	3,510	3,270
$60,000 to $69,999	390	270	125	4,275	2,390	1,885
$70,000 to $79,999	270	170	100	2,970	1,720	1,250
$80,000 to $89,999	165	115	50	1,735	1,020	715
$90,000 to $99,999	100	75	20	890	590	295
$100,000 and over	210	155	55	2,165	1,555	610
$100,000 to $149,999	155	120	40	1,620	1,115	505
$150,000 and over	55	40	15	540	440	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,590	5,305	5,275	80,095	38,580	41,515
Without after-tax income	195	80	115	1,390	660	730
With after-tax income	10,390	5,225	5,160	78,705	37,920	40,790
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.5	97.8	98.3	98.3	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,260	445	810	8,275	3,795	4,480
$10,000 to $19,999	2,715	1,045	1,670	16,780	7,060	9,720
$20,000 to $29,999	2,445	1,225	1,215	16,815	7,490	9,330
$30,000 to $39,999	1,835	1,110	725	15,365	7,570	7,790
$40,000 to $49,999	1,025	640	385	9,970	5,145	4,825
$50,000 to $59,999	540	345	190	5,535	3,095	2,435
$60,000 to $69,999	265	185	85	2,915	1,645	1,265
$70,000 to $79,999	150	120	35	1,285	830	450
$80,000 and over	160	115	45	1,765	1,280	485
$80,000 to $89,999	65	45	20	660	450	210
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	5	345	245	100
$100,000 and over	65	50	20	760	585	175
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,585	5,305	5,280	80,095	38,580	41,515
Without employment income	4,290	1,900	2,390	25,170	10,250	14,925
With employment income	6,295	3,410	2,890	54,920	28,335	26,585
Percentage with employment income	59.5	64.3	54.7	68.6	73.4	64.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,140	635	500	6,700	3,555	3,140
$5,000 to $9,999	545	230	310	4,205	1,915	2,295
$10,000 to $19,999	1,135	495	635	8,375	3,960	4,420
$20,000 to $29,999	1,030	505	525	7,830	3,770	4,060
$30,000 to $39,999	780	445	335	8,075	3,990	4,080
$40,000 to $49,999	620	380	240	6,470	3,240	3,235
$50,000 to $59,999	330	215	115	4,415	2,375	2,040
$60,000 to $69,999	230	150	80	3,020	1,750	1,270
$70,000 to $79,999	170	105	65	2,340	1,380	965
$80,000 and over	320	245	80	3,490	2,405	1,090
$80,000 to $89,999	110	80	30	1,265	795	470
$90,000 to $99,999	70	55	20	700	480	220
$100,000 and over	140	110	35	1,525	1,130	395
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,010	...	...	48,440	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	45,266	...	...	47,955	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	41,230	...	...	42,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,185	...	...	21,890	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,898	...	...	30,020	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,285	...	...	27,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,825	...	...	26,545	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,428	...	...	70,385	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	54,757	...	...	61,506	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,015	...	...	48,430	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,014	...	...	60,138	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,191	...	...	51,037	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,155	...	...	21,920	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,145	...	...	34,573	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,218	...	...	29,694	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,855	...	...	26,510	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,493	...	...	81,279	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,490	...	...	68,687	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,015	...	...	48,440	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	490	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	910	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	240	...	...	2,530	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	510	...	...	3,385	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	445	...	...	3,205	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	320	...	...	2,680	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	555	...	...	3,080	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	420	...	...	3,225	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	3,070	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	310	...	...	2,735	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	550	...	...	4,685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	475	...	...	3,615	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	3,040	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	315	...	...	2,495	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	1,865	...	...
$100,000 and over	750	...	...	7,430	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	385	...	...	3,285	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	200	...	...	1,865	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	110	...	...	1,525	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,015	...	...	48,440	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	520	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	915	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	240	...	...	2,545	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	3,575	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	505	...	...	3,685	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	380	...	...	3,430	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	625	...	...	4,035	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	480	...	...	3,805	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	380	...	...	3,320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	375	...	...	3,000	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	625	...	...	4,870	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	465	...	...	3,755	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	395	...	...	2,845	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	2,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	200	...	...	1,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	390	...	...	4,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...	2,450	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	1,000	...	...
$150,000 and over	55	...	...	880	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,770	...	...	24,510	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,289	...	...	71,921	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	54,647	...	...	62,565	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,180	...	...	11,420	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,709	...	...	67,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,738	...	...	58,323	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,040	...	...	7,845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,832	...	...	100,757	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,166	...	...	86,106	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	485	...	...	4,575	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,352	...	...	49,459	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,472	...	...	45,104	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,795	...	...	24,475	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,725	...	...	82,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,633	...	...	69,719	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,175	...	...	11,470	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,611	...	...	77,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,236	...	...	65,109	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,040	...	...	7,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,378	...	...	107,791	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,487	...	...	90,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	490	...	...	4,575	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,423	...	...	55,178	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,989	...	...	48,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,340	1,220	1,115	26,765	12,575	14,190
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,743	26,896	21,155	28,344	29,557	27,472
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,156	24,695	20,754	26,051	26,608	25,643
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,330	1,200	1,135	26,880	12,570	14,305
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,346	32,681	27,878	32,959	34,331	31,753
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,591	28,206	24,882	28,471	29,220	27,813
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	12,065	6,070	5,990	92,325	44,720	47,610
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,645	4,300	4,345	59,575	28,110	31,465
In the bottom decile	1,045	515	535	10,950	5,420	5,535
In the second decile	2,340	1,070	1,270	12,285	5,350	6,940
In the third decile	1,965	975	985	12,670	5,940	6,730
In the fourth decile	1,725	910	815	12,705	6,100	6,610
In the fifth decile	1,565	830	740	10,955	5,310	5,650
In the top half of the distribution	3,420	1,770	1,650	32,750	16,605	16,140
In the sixth decile	1,190	620	570	9,900	4,900	5,000
In the seventh decile	965	490	475	8,515	4,350	4,170
In the eighth decile	665	345	320	6,895	3,485	3,410
In the ninth decile	420	220	195	4,680	2,445	2,235
In the top decile	180	100	85	2,755	1,425	1,330
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	12,065	6,070	5,995	92,330	44,720	47,610
0 to 17 years	1,745	900	850	14,350	7,245	7,105
0 to 5 years	525	270	255	5,540	2,780	2,760
18 to 64 years	6,900	3,455	3,440	60,130	29,980	30,155
65 years and over	3,425	1,720	1,705	17,845	7,495	10,345
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,385	1,095	1,290	16,770	7,645	9,120
0 to 17 years	325	160	160	2,590	1,320	1,265
0 to 5 years	110	50	55	975	510	465
18 to 64 years	1,060	495	565	10,220	5,100	5,120
65 years and over	1,005	440	570	3,965	1,225	2,735
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.8	18.0	21.5	18.2	17.1	19.2
0 to 17 years (%)	18.6	17.8	18.8	18.0	18.2	17.8
0 to 5 years (%)	21.0	18.5	21.6	17.6	18.3	16.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	14.3	16.4	17.0	17.0	17.0
65 years and over (%)	29.3	25.6	33.4	22.2	16.3	26.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	580	295	280	14,105	6,655	7,450
0 to 17 years	85	45	40	1,905	965	940
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	715	375	340
18 to 64 years	445	230	215	9,390	4,840	4,545
65 years and over	50	20	30	2,805	845	1,960
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.9	4.7	15.3	14.9	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.0	4.7	13.3	13.3	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.7	5.6	7.8	12.9	13.5	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.7	6.3	15.6	16.1	15.1
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	15.7	11.3	18.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	12,060	6,070	5,990	92,240	44,640	47,605
Official languages	12,055	6,065	5,990	91,735	44,385	47,345
English	2,045	1,145	905	32,100	17,775	14,320
French	12,035	6,055	5,980	91,560	44,285	47,275
Non-official languages	215	95	125	10,255	4,980	5,275
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	190	90	95
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	160	75	85
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	155	65	85
Atikamekw	0	0	0	15	0	15
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	10	150	65	85
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	215	90	120	10,075	4,890	5,175
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,315	700	615
Berber languages	0	0	0	190	95	95
Kabyle	0	0	0	65	45	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	50	70
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,245	660	585
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,240	660	585
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	345	180	160
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	215	125	90
Vietnamese	0	0	0	135	55	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	90	50	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malay	0	0	0	30	20	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	255	115	135
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	230	100	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	85	115	6,530	3,090	3,435
Albanian	0	0	0	100	75	30
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	465	245	220
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	0	470	250	220
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	205	115	90
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Russian	10	10	0	170	80	90
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	490	235	250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	45	30	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	420	190	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	585	280	305
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	415	200	220
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	375	175	200
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	165	80	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	160	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	70	100	5,170	2,385	2,780
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	350	165	185
Portuguese	0	0	0	410	205	200
Romanian	0	0	0	145	50	90
Spanish	165	70	100	4,420	2,040	2,385
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	25	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	10	0	1,165	630	535
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	15	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	125	70	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	210	80	130
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	100	50	50
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	320	180	140
Wolof	0	0	0	85	65	25
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	455	255	205
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	50
Sign languages	0	0	0	195	60	135
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	125	50	75
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	65	10	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	200	85	115
Chinese languages	0	0	0	170	70	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	125	55	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Lao	0	0	0	15	15	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	25	50
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	12,060	6,070	5,990	92,240	44,635	47,605
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,995	6,045	5,950	88,230	42,590	45,635
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,715	915	800	13,605	6,850	6,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,280	5,135	5,145	74,625	35,745	38,875
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	65	25	45	4,010	2,045	1,965
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	12,060	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,635	47,605
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	11,915	6,020	5,895	84,355	40,550	43,810
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	115	40	80	7,185	3,725	3,455
Before 1981	30	10	25	465	260	205
1981 to 1990	25	15	10	440	235	200
1991 to 2000	20	0	15	915	440	470
2001 to 2010	20	10	10	2,525	1,365	1,160
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	975	505	470
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	1,555	860	690
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	10	2,830	1,420	1,410
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	10	20	700	365	335
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	120	40	75	7,185	3,725	3,455
Under 5 years	20	10	15	920	425	490
5 to 14 years	20	0	20	1,135	600	535
15 to 24 years	15	0	20	1,135	555	580
25 to 44 years	65	30	25	3,530	1,915	1,615
45 years and over	0	0	0	470	225	245
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	120	45	80	7,180	3,725	3,460
Americas	15	0	15	1,630	810	820
Brazil	0	0	0	170	90	80
Colombia	0	0	0	490	245	245
El Salvador	0	0	0	75	30	40
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	220	85	130
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	10	0	10	135	95	40
Peru	0	0	0	50	20	35
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	100	35	60
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	385	195	190
Europe	80	40	40	1,850	980	870
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	170	85	85
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	25	15	0	950	515	440
Germany	15	0	10	70	35	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	65	45	15
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	15	15	10
Portugal	0	0	0	70	35	35
Romania	0	0	0	60	20	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	25	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	330	160	170
Africa	10	0	10	2,415	1,320	1,095
Algeria	0	0	0	280	150	130
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	345	190	160
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	1,730	950	780
Asia	15	0	15	1,275	605	670
Afghanistan	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	155	55	100
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	125	65	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	135	70	65
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	625	305	320
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	15	2,830	1,420	1,410
Americas	0	0	0	570	290	275
Brazil	0	0	0	120	70	50
Colombia	0	0	0	135	60	75
Cuba	0	0	0	55	35	25
Haiti	0	0	0	130	60	70
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	20	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	70	35	35
Europe	10	0	0	495	270	225
France	0	0	0	330	170	160
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	75	55	15
Africa	10	0	0	1,090	550	540
Algeria	0	0	0	65	30	35
Cameroon	0	0	0	130	65	65
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	60	50	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	175	85	95
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	160	65	95
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	130	70	55
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	370	190	185
Asia	0	0	10	675	305	365
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	95	35	65
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	125	60	65
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	295	140	155
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	12,060	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,635	47,600
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	150	55	100	8,170	4,215	3,960
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	215	125	90	4,360	2,210	2,145
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,695	5,890	5,805	79,710	38,210	41,500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	85	30	50	6,765	3,490	3,275
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	60	30	25	3,090	1,700	1,390
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	25	10	1,525	1,025	495
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	25	10	20	1,560	670	890
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	25	0	25	1,400	620	780
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	10	2,245	1,150	1,095
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	12,060	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,640	47,605
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	120	45	75	1,485	790	700
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	110	45	65	1,420	760	655
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	75	25	45	690	380	300
Métis	35	15	20	705	365	340
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	60	25	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,945	6,030	5,920	90,750	43,850	46,900
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	12,060	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,635	47,600
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	50	20	35	560	295	260
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,015	6,055	5,960	91,680	44,340	47,340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	12,065	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,640	47,605
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	95	45	50	895	425	470
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	100	45	50	880	420	465
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	85	40	50	695	330	375
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	180	90	90
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	195	85	110	2,855	1,285	1,565
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	190	85	110	2,785	1,240	1,545
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	60	95	2,395	1,055	1,335
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	20	10	370	180	190
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,770	5,945	5,835	88,490	42,920	45,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	12,065	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,640	47,600
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	25	45	6,675	3,440	3,235
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	445	225	215
Chinese	10	0	0	230	105	130
Black	20	0	15	2,910	1,485	1,425
Filipino	15	10	0	10	10	0
Latin American	10	0	10	1,360	730	630
Arab	0	0	0	905	495	410
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	10	490	240	245
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	10	145	65	80
Korean	0	0	0	45	10	35
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	60	35	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	11,995	6,045	5,945	85,565	41,200	44,365
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	12,060	6,070	5,995	92,240	44,640	47,600
North American Aboriginal origins	290	130	160	3,750	1,710	2,035
First Nations (North American Indian)	250	105	145	3,175	1,435	1,740
Inuit	0	0	10	25	15	15
Métis	35	25	15	625	315	310
Other North American origins	10,135	5,155	4,985	65,530	31,205	34,320
Acadian	20	10	10	560	245	315
American	80	45	35	350	170	180
Canadian	9,880	4,995	4,880	62,735	29,870	32,860
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	15	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	200	120	80	2,700	1,330	1,370
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,245	1,630	1,610	32,510	15,960	16,550
British Isles origins	445	225	225	6,900	3,135	3,765
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	55	25	30	1,275	615	660
Irish	280	135	145	4,605	2,110	2,495
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	130	75	50	1,840	790	1,050
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	120	45	75
French origins	2,755	1,400	1,360	25,745	12,620	13,125
Alsatian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Breton	0	0	10	190	75	115
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	2,755	1,400	1,355	25,600	12,560	13,040
Western European origins (except French origins)	145	65	80	2,160	1,035	1,130
Austrian	10	0	0	85	55	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	20	40	445	205	235
Dutch	0	0	0	105	60	45
Flemish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	20	1,275	555	725
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	30	10	315	190	125
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	0	10	175	90	85
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	15	10
Norwegian	10	0	10	60	35	25
Swedish	0	0	0	35	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Eastern European origins	40	20	25	735	315	420
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	15	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	55	25	30
Polish	0	0	0	215	65	150
Romanian	10	0	0	175	85	95
Russian	15	10	0	185	85	100
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	10	15	0	115	55	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	125	40	90	2,455	1,345	1,115
Albanian	0	0	0	75	55	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	200	100	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	130	55	70
Italian	50	15	35	1,085	635	455
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	375	180	200
Serbian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Sicilian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Spanish	60	20	40	640	335	310
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	140	75	65
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	630	285	345
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	130	75	55
Dominican	0	0	0	55	25	35
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	40	10	30
Haitian	0	10	0	345	145	205
Jamaican	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	35	10	25
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	15	1,655	860	795
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	60	40	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Chilean	0	0	0	170	90	80
Colombian	0	0	0	575	295	285
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	70	35	35
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	0	10	265	165	105
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Salvadorean	0	0	0	115	60	50
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	35	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	85	35	45
African origins	30	10	20	3,760	1,960	1,800
Central and West African origins	15	0	15	1,625	910	720
Akan	0	0	0	25	10	25
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	100	60	40
Burkinabe	0	0	10	45	35	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	205	115	90
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	520	300	215
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	85	45	35
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	200	105	95
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	155	90	60
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	110	65	50
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	190	90	95
North African origins	15	0	10	1,140	600	545
Algerian	0	0	0	310	160	155
Berber	0	0	0	210	115	95
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	35	10	25
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	390	205	190
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	205	115	95
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	575	285	295
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Burundian	0	0	0	260	110	150
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	75	20	55
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	85	40	40
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	60	40	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	550	250	305
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	510	220	285
Asian origins	50	30	25	2,245	1,130	1,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	785	450	340
Afghan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	305	190	120
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	0	60	45	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Tajik	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	35	30	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	60	35	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	425	210	215
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	95	45	50
East Indian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	185	80	105
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	15	20	1,035	475	555
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	220	115	105
Chinese	0	0	10	415	185	225
Filipino	15	10	0	15	15	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	100	45	55
Karen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	45	10	35
Laotian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	225	115	105
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	25	20	0
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,015	...	...	48,430	...	...
Owner	4,825	...	...	19,000	...	...
Renter	1,190	...	...	29,430	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,015	...	...	48,430	...	...
Condominium	85	...	...	7,425	...	...
Not condominium	5,930	...	...	41,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,010	...	...	48,425	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	550	...	...
1 bedroom	490	...	...	12,275	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,885	...	...	19,410	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,970	...	...	11,475	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,670	...	...	4,720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,010	...	...	48,430	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,340	...	...	26,565	...	...
5 rooms	1,225	...	...	8,690	...	...
6 rooms	1,070	...	...	3,995	...	...
7 rooms	905	...	...	3,185	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,475	...	...	5,990	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,010	...	...	48,430	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,005	...	...	48,180	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,015	...	...	48,430	...	...
Suitable	5,955	...	...	47,235	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...	1,195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,010	...	...	48,425	...	...
1960 or before	2,610	...	...	15,965	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,640	...	...	15,485	...	...
1981 to 1990	665	...	...	5,235	...	...
1991 to 2000	415	...	...	4,130	...	...
2001 to 2005	190	...	...	1,920	...	...
2006 to 2010	315	...	...	2,575	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	180	...	...	3,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,010	...	...	48,430	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,540	...	...	45,345	...	...
Major repairs needed	475	...	...	3,080	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,010	...	...	48,430	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,355	...	...	32,735	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,640	...	...	15,110	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	585	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,010	...	...	48,425	...	...
15 to 24 years	85	...	...	2,245	...	...
25 to 34 years	420	...	...	8,260	...	...
35 to 44 years	605	...	...	7,455	...	...
45 to 54 years	995	...	...	7,935	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,565	...	...	9,595	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,365	...	...	7,585	...	...
75 to 84 years	720	...	...	3,885	...	...
85 years and over	260	...	...	1,465	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	5,910	...	...	48,415	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,150	...	...	36,495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	765	...	...	11,915	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...	10,810	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,730	...	...	19,000	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	43.8	...	...	64.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.9	...	...	13.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	490	...	...	1,018	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	651	...	...	1,054	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,097	...	...	250,413	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	147,189	...	...	264,293	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	29,430	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.8	...	...	12.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.3	...	...	32.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	443	...	...	702	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	500	...	...	748	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,585	5,280	5,305	79,985	38,500	41,485
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,010	1,480	1,530	15,125	7,210	7,920
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,205	975	1,230	17,930	7,995	9,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,370	2,825	2,545	46,930	23,295	23,635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,615	1,740	875	14,075	8,245	5,830
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,915	1,205	710	10,245	5,315	4,930
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	700	535	165	3,830	2,930	895
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,595	635	960	15,650	7,195	8,455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	295	75	220	2,640	1,105	1,530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	870	375	490	14,565	6,750	7,820
Bachelor's degree	625	250	380	9,605	4,270	5,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	45	45	1,135	530	600
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	20	255	110	145
Master's degree	100	50	45	3,145	1,575	1,575
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	425	270	160
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,255	3,095	3,160	52,055	25,845	26,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,195	605	595	5,980	3,395	2,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,250	555	695	9,570	4,545	5,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,810	1,940	1,870	36,500	17,910	18,590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,945	1,250	700	10,730	6,170	4,555
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,465	885	580	8,040	4,105	3,935
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	480	365	115	2,690	2,065	620
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,120	445	675	11,670	5,430	6,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	50	120	1,800	790	1,010
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	575	195	380	12,305	5,515	6,785
Bachelor's degree	445	160	285	7,975	3,485	4,490
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	10	30	920	410	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	20	220	80	140
Master's degree	50	15	35	2,815	1,325	1,485
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	375	220	150
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,585	5,280	5,310	79,990	38,500	41,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,215	2,455	2,760	33,060	15,205	17,855
Education	430	100	330	3,155	865	2,295
13. Education	430	100	330	3,160	865	2,295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	50	65	2,385	1,215	1,165
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	530	410	125
50. Visual and performing arts	105	40	60	1,855	810	1,045
Humanities	195	95	100	3,025	1,350	1,670
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	0	355	80	275
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	20	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	50	60	1,495	750	745
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	105	75	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	160	75	80
54. History	10	0	0	320	200	120
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	20	525	145	375
Social and behavioural sciences and law	325	75	250	4,370	1,555	2,815
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	0	720	230	490
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	10	145	825	85	745
22. Legal professions and studies	35	15	20	725	290	435
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	160	30	135
42. Psychology	60	15	45	520	170	355
45. Social sciences	35	20	15	1,390	750	640
Business, management and public administration	890	165	730	10,500	4,025	6,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	55	785	185	595
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	825	150	675	9,705	3,835	5,870
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	55	65	1,460	830	630
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	545	250	300
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	195	125	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	15	310	155	150
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	345	270	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	60	35	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	45	40	2,345	1,765	580
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	40	35	2,110	1,650	450
25. Library science	15	0	10	120	45	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	85	45	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,635	1,575	55	8,520	7,685	830
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	415	210	205
14. Engineering	60	55	0	1,020	850	170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	290	265	30	1,645	1,480	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	320	310	10	2,495	2,360	135
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	570	555	15	1,870	1,795	80
48. Precision production	375	375	0	1,070	1,005	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	355	255	100	925	565	360
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	195	120	75	440	195	235
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	130	30	490	365	130
Health and related fields	685	130	560	6,270	1,355	4,915
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	10	340	225	115
51. Health professions and related programs	650	105	550	5,870	1,110	4,755
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	65	20	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	540	285	255	3,915	2,070	1,845
12. Personal and culinary services	320	85	235	2,590	960	1,630
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	505	355	145
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	160	10	805	735	70
Other	0	0	0	55	15	40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	55	15	40
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,255	3,095	3,165	52,055	25,850	26,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,450	1,160	1,295	15,550	7,940	7,615
Education	195	40	155	2,090	555	1,535
13. Education	195	35	155	2,090	555	1,540
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	35	55	1,880	975	910
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	405	305	90
50. Visual and performing arts	80	30	50	1,480	665	815
Humanities	110	40	65	2,140	925	1,210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	10	320	70	250
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	20	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	35	930	485	440
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	80	60	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	95	50	45
54. History	10	0	10	235	135	105
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	425	105	320
Social and behavioural sciences and law	235	50	190	3,660	1,255	2,400
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	630	195	425
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	100	690	70	620
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	635	230	405
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	150	25	125
42. Psychology	55	15	35	410	130	275
45. Social sciences	25	10	10	1,130	600	530
Business, management and public administration	710	115	595	8,490	3,110	5,380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20	650	145	505
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	685	110	575	7,830	2,960	4,865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	45	35	1,015	595	425
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	25	475	220	260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	130	85	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	70	35	35
40. Physical sciences	15	15	10	290	225	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	50	30	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	35	30	2,090	1,570	520
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	1,880	1,475	410
25. Library science	10	0	15	110	40	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	40	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,170	1,130	40	6,500	5,800	700
04. Architecture and related services	10	15	0	370	190	180
14. Engineering	45	40	10	895	730	165
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	210	195	20	1,280	1,130	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	230	230	0	1,730	1,625	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	400	380	15	1,375	1,320	55
48. Precision production	270	275	0	850	800	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	165	85	770	465	305
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	70	70	345	165	180
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	95	20	430	305	125
Health and related fields	505	80	430	4,790	1,050	3,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	10	280	185	95
51. Health professions and related programs	485	75	415	4,460	860	3,605
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	50	10	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	210	190	3,035	1,610	1,425
12. Personal and culinary services	230	55	180	1,975	730	1,245
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	20	0
43. Security and protective services	30	25	10	380	260	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	130	0	660	600	60
Other	0	0	0	50	10	40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	50	10	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,585	5,280	5,305	79,985	38,500	41,485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,220	2,455	2,760	33,060	15,205	17,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,370	2,825	2,545	46,930	23,295	23,630
Location of study inside Canada	5,285	2,780	2,505	44,535	22,015	22,515
Same as province or territory of residence	5,220	2,745	2,470	43,925	21,650	22,270
Different than province or territory of residence	65	35	35	610	360	250
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	45	40	2,395	1,280	1,115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	100	60	40
Philippines	10	0	10	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	35	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	65	30	35
France	35	25	10	660	410	250
Other	45	20	25	1,535	765	770
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,260	3,095	3,160	52,055	25,850	26,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,450	1,160	1,290	15,555	7,940	7,610
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,810	1,940	1,870	36,500	17,910	18,595
Location of study inside Canada	3,735	1,900	1,830	34,350	16,775	17,580
Same as province or territory of residence	3,705	1,890	1,815	33,885	16,510	17,380
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	465	270	200
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	75	35	40	2,145	1,130	1,015
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	45	30	20
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	30	20	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	20	35
France	30	25	10	605	370	235
Other	30	10	20	1,405	695	715
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,585	5,280	5,305	79,985	38,500	41,485
In the labour force	5,385	2,855	2,530	50,470	26,090	24,380
Employed	4,790	2,435	2,350	47,520	24,365	23,155
Unemployed	595	415	175	2,950	1,725	1,225
Not in the labour force	5,205	2,425	2,775	29,515	12,410	17,105
Participation rate	50.9	54.1	47.7	63.1	67.8	58.8
Employment rate	45.3	46.1	44.3	59.4	63.3	55.8
Unemployment rate	11.0	14.5	6.9	5.8	6.6	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,585	5,280	5,305	79,985	38,500	41,485
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,735	2,180	2,555	27,930	11,575	16,350
Worked	5,850	3,100	2,745	52,060	26,925	25,135
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,365	1,330	1,040	24,835	13,145	11,685
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,485	1,770	1,715	27,225	13,775	13,445
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	40.1	41.4	43.3	43.1	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,380	2,855	2,525	50,470	26,095	24,380
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	45	35	1,065	550	520
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,300	2,810	2,495	49,400	25,540	23,865
Employee	4,465	2,310	2,160	45,205	23,070	22,135
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	835	495	335	4,200	2,475	1,725
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,385	2,855	2,525	50,470	26,095	24,380
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	50	35	1,065	550	520
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,300	2,810	2,490	49,405	25,540	23,865
0 Management occupations	530	355	175	3,565	2,185	1,380
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	570	95	480	8,635	2,825	5,810
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	205	155	45	4,250	3,225	1,025
3 Health occupations	420	55	360	4,355	1,000	3,355
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	510	140	370	5,800	1,860	3,945
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	30	50	1,830	955	875
6 Sales and service occupations	1,105	405	700	14,100	7,295	6,800
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,135	1,075	55	5,145	4,820	325
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	275	205	70	310	285	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	475	290	190	1,410	1,090	325
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,380	2,855	2,525	50,470	26,090	24,380
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	80	50	35	1,065	550	515
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,300	2,805	2,490	49,405	25,540	23,865
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	425	320	100	260	145	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	35	0	75	65	10
22 Utilities	75	60	15	250	180	65
23 Construction	380	350	30	2,360	2,090	275
31-33 Manufacturing	910	600	310	2,995	2,180	815
41 Wholesale trade	60	50	15	1,230	975	255
44-45 Retail trade	685	320	360	6,180	3,075	3,105
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	285	220	65	1,750	1,370	375
51 Information and cultural industries	45	35	10	1,075	675	400
52 Finance and insurance	110	15	95	1,905	790	1,110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	15	0	725	410	315
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	165	90	80	3,295	1,875	1,430
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	80	55	2,620	1,740	885
61 Educational services	210	60	150	3,185	1,220	1,970
62 Health care and social assistance	790	135	650	7,715	1,940	5,775
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	25	40	1,075	570	500
72 Accommodation and food services	290	85	195	4,835	2,490	2,345
81 Other services (except public administration)	360	180	185	2,550	1,110	1,435
91 Public administration	250	130	120	5,315	2,630	2,685
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,790	2,435	2,350	47,525	24,365	23,155
Worked at home	500	280	225	2,255	1,125	1,130
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	80	50	35
No fixed workplace address	485	360	120	4,080	2,950	1,125
Worked at usual place	3,800	1,795	2,005	41,105	20,240	20,860
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,800	1,795	2,005	41,105	20,240	20,865
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,350	605	745	37,865	18,125	19,740
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	800	360	445	685	455	230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,635	830	805	2,520	1,625	890
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	45	35	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,280	2,155	2,125	45,185	23,200	21,990
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,690	1,905	1,790	29,920	16,295	13,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	90	50	40	1,875	650	1,225
Public transit	25	0	20	8,495	3,695	4,800
Walked	390	155	235	3,480	1,570	1,910
Bicycle	25	25	0	1,050	720	335
Other method	70	20	45	365	270	95
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,285	2,155	2,125	45,185	23,195	21,995
Less than 15 minutes	1,895	860	1,035	12,180	5,870	6,310
15 to 29 minutes	1,145	580	560	19,950	10,605	9,350
30 to 44 minutes	610	305	305	8,915	4,590	4,330
45 to 59 minutes	345	190	160	2,555	1,280	1,270
60 minutes and over	290	215	70	1,590	850	745
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,285	2,160	2,130	45,185	23,195	21,990
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	280	225	55	1,915	1,340	570
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	865	575	285	7,870	4,930	2,935
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,530	745	785	15,540	7,180	8,365
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	780	275	500	8,395	3,725	4,670
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	310	95	210	4,295	1,970	2,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	525	235	285	7,175	4,050	3,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,980	3,165	2,820	53,320	27,590	25,725
Single responses	5,935	3,125	2,810	51,890	26,740	25,150
Official languages	5,935	3,125	2,810	51,790	26,700	25,090
English	60	25	35	890	515	375
French	5,875	3,100	2,775	50,900	26,185	24,720
Non-official languages	0	0	0	100	40	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	45	10	1,425	855	575
English and French	45	40	10	1,285	780	505
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	45	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	30
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,980	3,165	2,820	53,315	27,595	25,725
None	5,525	2,895	2,635	43,255	21,730	21,525
English	405	250	155	8,940	5,270	3,675
French	30	15	20	665	350	315
Non-official language	10	0	10	295	150	145
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	10	280	145	130
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	10
English and non-official language	10	10	0	145	85	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	12,010	6,040	5,970	91,255	44,125	47,130
Non-movers	11,175	5,620	5,555	77,430	37,250	40,185
Movers	835	420	410	13,825	6,880	6,945
Non-migrants	300	145	160	10,670	5,345	5,320
Migrants	535	275	255	3,160	1,535	1,620
Internal migrants	520	270	250	2,370	1,165	1,205
Intraprovincial migrants	515	270	250	2,260	1,105	1,150
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	110	55	55
External migrants	15	10	0	785	375	410
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	11,645	5,820	5,820	87,615	42,390	45,225
Non-movers	9,295	4,720	4,575	49,355	23,480	25,880
Movers	2,350	1,100	1,245	38,255	18,910	19,345
Non-migrants	940	415	525	28,235	13,925	14,305
Migrants	1,410	690	725	10,025	4,985	5,035
Internal migrants	1,375	680	700	7,355	3,705	3,650
Intraprovincial migrants	1,350	660	685	6,955	3,520	3,435
Interprovincial migrants	25	20	0	405	190	210
External migrants	40	15	25	2,665	1,280	1,390

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mékinac, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Beauport--Limoilou [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mékinac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Beauport--Limoilou [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mékinac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Beauport--Limoilou [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mékinac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Beauport--Limoilou [Federal electoral district], Quebec