Census Profile, 2016 Census
Victoriaville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Victoriaville, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Division No. 6, CDR Newfoundland and Labrador [Census division]
	Data quality , Victoriaville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Victoriaville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	46,130	...	...	38,345	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	43,462	...	...	37,304	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	21,380	...	...	19,296	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	20,674	...	...	16,434	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	547.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	84.23	...	...	16,238.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	46,130	22,220	23,905	38,345	18,495	19,845
0 to 14 years	7,220	3,695	3,525	5,515	2,810	2,705
0 to 4 years	2,325	1,190	1,135	1,565	755	805
5 to 9 years	2,580	1,360	1,220	1,905	975	935
10 to 14 years	2,310	1,150	1,165	2,045	1,085	960
15 to 64 years	28,100	13,860	14,240	24,585	11,900	12,685
15 to 19 years	2,475	1,245	1,230	2,105	1,090	1,010
20 to 24 years	2,530	1,305	1,225	1,745	860	885
25 to 29 years	2,310	1,195	1,110	1,745	845	900
30 to 34 years	2,665	1,335	1,330	1,960	905	1,060
35 to 39 years	2,815	1,475	1,340	2,135	985	1,145
40 to 44 years	2,460	1,215	1,240	2,510	1,180	1,330
45 to 49 years	2,505	1,180	1,330	2,910	1,395	1,515
50 to 54 years	3,225	1,545	1,680	3,040	1,490	1,550
55 to 59 years	3,535	1,680	1,850	3,300	1,620	1,675
60 to 64 years	3,580	1,680	1,900	3,140	1,535	1,600
65 years and over	10,810	4,670	6,145	8,245	3,785	4,460
65 to 69 years	3,250	1,505	1,745	2,880	1,395	1,485
70 to 74 years	2,665	1,220	1,445	2,060	960	1,105
75 to 79 years	1,870	850	1,020	1,475	670	810
80 to 84 years	1,495	595	905	1,020	455	560
85 years and over	1,530	495	1,030	805	305	505
85 to 89 years	955	350	605	545	230	315
90 to 94 years	455	130	330	210	65	145
95 to 99 years	105	25	85	45	10	35
100 years and over	10	0	10	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.6	14.7	14.4	15.2	13.6
15 to 64 years	60.9	62.4	59.6	64.1	64.3	63.9
65 years and over	23.4	21.0	25.7	21.5	20.5	22.5
85 years and over	3.3	2.2	4.3	2.1	1.6	2.5
Average age of the population	44.4	42.7	45.9	44.7	44.0	45.4
Median age of the population	46.3	43.4	48.6	47.5	47.1	48.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
Single-detached house	10,000	...	...	11,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	15	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,625	...	...	4,625	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,195	...	...	970	...	...
Row house	190	...	...	1,085	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,255	...	...	1,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,950	...	...	1,185	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	50	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
1 person	7,535	...	...	4,100	...	...
2 persons	7,585	...	...	7,015	...	...
3 persons	2,405	...	...	2,685	...	...
4 persons	2,145	...	...	1,935	...	...
5 or more persons	1,005	...	...	700	...	...
Number of persons in private households	43,960	...	...	37,635	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	38,915	18,525	20,385	32,830	15,685	17,145
Married or living common law	22,020	10,965	11,060	21,170	10,590	10,580
Married	12,355	6,130	6,225	17,805	8,915	8,895
Living common law	9,665	4,830	4,840	3,365	1,680	1,680
Not married and not living common law	16,895	7,565	9,330	11,660	5,095	6,565
Never married	10,545	5,655	4,890	6,840	3,560	3,275
Separated	375	155	215	700	300	400
Divorced	3,340	1,260	2,080	1,730	735	995
Widowed	2,635	485	2,145	2,390	495	1,895
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,615	...	...	12,200	...	...
2 persons	7,365	...	...	7,310	...	...
3 persons	2,260	...	...	2,610	...	...
4 persons	2,095	...	...	1,800	...	...
5 or more persons	900	...	...	475	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,615	...	...	12,200	...	...
Total couple families	10,545	...	...	10,430	...	...
Married couples	5,725	...	...	8,750	...	...
Common-law couples	4,825	...	...	1,680	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,070	...	...	1,770	...	...
Female parent	1,555	...	...	1,425	...	...
Male parent	520	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,545	...	...	10,430	...	...
Couples without children	6,155	...	...	6,180	...	...
Couples with children	4,385	...	...	4,250	...	...
1 child	1,625	...	...	2,120	...	...
2 children	1,910	...	...	1,690	...	...
3 or more children	855	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,070	...	...	1,770	...	...
1 child	1,205	...	...	1,130	...	...
2 children	640	...	...	495	...	...
3 or more children	230	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,240	4,300	4,940	5,480	2,350	3,135
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
One-census-family households	12,480	...	...	11,730	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,100	...	...	5,980	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,375	...	...	5,750	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	70	...	...	230	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,125	...	...	4,470	...	...
One-person households	7,535	...	...	4,095	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	595	...	...	370	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	45,480	21,970	23,510	37,955	18,365	19,590
English only	45	25	20	36,285	17,660	18,625
French only	33,750	15,445	18,305	0	0	0
English and French	11,565	6,440	5,125	1,630	680	945
Neither English nor French	125	60	60	45	25	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	45,480	21,970	23,510	37,960	18,365	19,595
English	330	165	170	37,810	18,285	19,525
French	44,895	21,660	23,230	100	55	45
English and French	140	80	60	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	115	60	60	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	400	205	195	105	60	50
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	45,485	21,975	23,510	37,960	18,365	19,590
Single responses	45,245	21,835	23,410	37,880	18,330	19,550
Official languages	44,285	21,360	22,920	37,490	18,145	19,350
English	295	150	150	37,395	18,090	19,305
French	43,990	21,215	22,775	105	55	50
Non-official languages	960	475	485	385	190	200
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	960	475	485	385	185	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	60	55	45	30	20
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	55	45	45	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	55	50	50	25	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	55	15	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	45	20	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	625	315	315	145	75	65
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	35	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	20	5	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Russian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	5	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	20	10	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	20	5	5
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	45	25	15
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hindi	5	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	10	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	5	5	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	5	5	5	10	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	505	245	260	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	5	0
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	475	230	245	20	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	55	55	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	30	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	70	30	40
Chinese languages	35	15	15	70	30	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	25	10	15	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	10	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	135	100	80	30	45
English and French	140	85	55	35	20	20
English and non-official language	10	0	5	40	20	20
French and non-official language	80	40	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	45,485	21,970	23,515	37,960	18,365	19,595
Single responses	45,120	21,780	23,340	37,860	18,325	19,535
Official languages	44,535	21,500	23,040	37,685	18,235	19,450
English	180	90	90	37,645	18,215	19,430
French	44,355	21,405	22,945	40	20	20
Non-official languages	585	280	300	175	85	85
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	580	275	305	170	90	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	20	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	25	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	25	25	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	400	195	200	50	20	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	15	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	25	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	170	170	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	335	165	170	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15	45	25	30
Chinese languages	35	15	15	50	25	25
Cantonese	5	5	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	20	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	365	195	175	100	45	60
English and French	125	75	50	10	5	10
English and non-official language	15	5	5	85	30	50
French and non-official language	215	100	115	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	45,480	21,970	23,510	37,960	18,365	19,590
None	43,415	20,895	22,525	37,510	18,170	19,340
English	1,320	705	610	90	45	40
French	350	165	185	205	75	130
Non-official language	330	170	160	155	70	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	325	170	155	145	70	75
English and French	15	5	5	5	5	0
English and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	36,750	17,745	19,010	32,130	15,425	16,700
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,060	17,450	18,610	30,895	14,865	16,030
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,488	35,517	26,169	30,349	39,469	24,190
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,070	17,450	18,615	30,920	14,865	16,055
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,583	31,183	24,287	27,784	35,067	22,712
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,860	15,815	16,045	25,355	12,835	12,520
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,953	32,919	22,368	28,492	36,407	22,553
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,925	13,225	15,700	23,685	10,490	13,195
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,557	7,531	9,313	9,628	11,605	8,297
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,905	12,845	12,055	20,955	10,680	10,275
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,637	33,738	24,495	28,896	37,717	23,473
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	36,750	17,775	18,980	32,125	15,440	16,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,095	17,510	18,585	31,000	14,920	16,085
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,967	41,789	32,424	41,283	51,036	32,235
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,105	17,510	18,600	31,005	14,920	16,090
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,424	34,758	28,284	34,612	41,744	28,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,950	15,785	16,170	25,370	12,875	12,500
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,469	39,190	27,883	40,934	49,975	31,617
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,935	13,210	15,730	23,895	10,555	13,340
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,150	8,564	9,642	10,089	11,160	9,242
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,900	12,820	12,085	20,960	10,700	10,255
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,922	38,459	29,107	41,525	49,904	32,784
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	36,750	17,770	18,980	32,125	15,435	16,685
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	10,870	5,880	4,990	8,950	4,460	4,485
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,393	45,471	37,222	51,849	61,012	42,412
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,990	52,101	40,965	61,260	71,410	51,170
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.1	84.6	74.4	81.6	85.1	76.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.6	67.3	59.0	67.7	70.4	63.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.9	15.4	25.6	18.4	14.9	23.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	36,750	17,745	19,005	32,130	15,430	16,700
Without total income	690	290	400	1,230	565	665
With total income	36,060	17,450	18,610	30,895	14,865	16,035
Percentage with total income	98.1	98.3	97.9	96.2	96.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,790	1,610	2,175	4,140	1,470	2,670
$10,000 to $19,999	7,660	2,905	4,750	5,815	2,120	3,695
$20,000 to $29,999	6,350	2,815	3,535	5,325	2,010	3,310
$30,000 to $39,999	5,340	2,565	2,775	3,965	1,920	2,045
$40,000 to $49,999	4,535	2,355	2,175	3,105	1,705	1,400
$50,000 to $59,999	3,105	1,850	1,255	2,025	1,290	730
$60,000 to $69,999	1,850	1,105	745	1,565	1,000	565
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	765	555	1,130	655	480
$80,000 to $89,999	710	470	240	1,010	555	455
$90,000 to $99,999	440	290	150	795	495	305
$100,000 and over	965	720	250	2,025	1,655	375
$100,000 to $149,999	645	475	165	1,350	1,080	270
$150,000 and over	325	245	80	680	575	100
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	36,750	17,740	19,010	32,125	15,430	16,700
Without after-tax income	680	290	390	1,210	565	645
With after-tax income	36,070	17,450	18,615	30,920	14,865	16,055
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.4	97.9	96.2	96.3	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,945	1,640	2,305	4,310	1,490	2,820
$10,000 to $19,999	8,080	3,100	4,980	6,190	2,230	3,960
$20,000 to $29,999	7,695	3,560	4,135	6,120	2,465	3,660
$30,000 to $39,999	6,750	3,375	3,375	4,655	2,415	2,245
$40,000 to $49,999	4,535	2,635	1,900	3,100	1,915	1,190
$50,000 to $59,999	2,420	1,405	1,020	2,055	1,290	765
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220	735	485	1,515	870	645
$70,000 to $79,999	565	375	195	1,120	695	425
$80,000 and over	850	625	230	1,850	1,505	345
$80,000 to $89,999	285	210	75	560	425	135
$90,000 to $99,999	160	115	45	340	280	55
$100,000 and over	410	300	110	950	800	150
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	36,750	17,745	19,005	32,130	15,430	16,695
Without employment income	11,845	4,895	6,950	11,170	4,745	6,420
With employment income	24,905	12,845	12,055	20,960	10,680	10,280
Percentage with employment income	67.8	72.4	63.4	65.2	69.2	61.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,285	1,675	1,610	3,295	1,520	1,770
$5,000 to $9,999	2,055	890	1,160	1,745	695	1,050
$10,000 to $19,999	3,840	1,600	2,240	2,960	1,210	1,745
$20,000 to $29,999	3,750	1,600	2,150	2,740	1,140	1,600
$30,000 to $39,999	3,655	1,845	1,810	2,000	980	1,025
$40,000 to $49,999	2,720	1,565	1,155	1,705	855	845
$50,000 to $59,999	1,945	1,250	695	1,360	855	510
$60,000 to $69,999	1,265	790	475	1,130	695	435
$70,000 to $79,999	940	575	375	865	505	365
$80,000 and over	1,450	1,060	390	3,165	2,225	940
$80,000 to $89,999	500	350	155	900	460	445
$90,000 to $99,999	290	195	90	655	415	240
$100,000 and over	660	520	145	1,610	1,345	260
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,462	...	...	61,250	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,524	...	...	54,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,535	...	...	4,100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,021	...	...	26,886	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,081	...	...	25,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,140	...	...	12,335	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,007	...	...	75,020	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,059	...	...	66,043	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,538	...	...	77,868	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,882	...	...	65,305	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,505	...	...	4,085	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,116	...	...	39,064	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,747	...	...	33,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,170	...	...	12,345	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,447	...	...	90,711	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,778	...	...	75,910	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	20,670	...	...	16,435	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	375	...	...	215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	915	...	...	585	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,295	...	...	765	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,265	...	...	940	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,060	...	...	815	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,510	...	...	1,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,260	...	...	820	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,170	...	...	750	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,090	...	...	700	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,875	...	...	1,360	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,605	...	...	1,210	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,430	...	...	1,040	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,190	...	...	915	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,000	...	...	805	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,505	...	...	4,395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,640	...	...	1,495	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	850	...	...	1,075	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	645	...	...	1,115	...	...
$200,000 and over	380	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	90	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	385	...	...	220	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	920	...	...	585	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,390	...	...	805	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,440	...	...	1,045	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,295	...	...	895	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,770	...	...	1,155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,460	...	...	935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,375	...	...	865	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,215	...	...	885	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,085	...	...	1,585	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,820	...	...	1,400	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,455	...	...	1,200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,110	...	...	940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	830	...	...	775	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,990	...	...	3,050	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,100	...	...	1,475	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	775	...	...
$150,000 and over	450	...	...	810	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,690	...	...	12,095	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,599	...	...	74,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,338	...	...	65,787	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,020	...	...	5,845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,185	...	...	64,647	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,534	...	...	58,025	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,405	...	...	4,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,499	...	...	110,485	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,062	...	...	92,870	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,040	...	...	1,630	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,616	...	...	41,143	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,134	...	...	39,424	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,710	...	...	12,100	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,988	...	...	90,686	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,109	...	...	75,817	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,005	...	...	5,810	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,368	...	...	78,815	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,110	...	...	66,239	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,390	...	...	4,310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,449	...	...	121,992	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,496	...	...	100,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,085	...	...	1,665	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,097	...	...	48,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,726	...	...	44,110	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,720	4,040	4,685	4,840	2,125	2,720
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,999	28,964	24,180	26,441	30,741	24,800
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,349	26,231	23,064	24,858	27,856	23,747
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,705	4,035	4,675	4,835	2,145	2,690
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,113	33,137	31,229	37,718	42,626	33,801
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,984	28,367	27,654	32,228	35,508	29,609
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,230	19,400
In the bottom half of the distribution	28,385	13,450	14,930	20,675	9,610	11,065
In the bottom decile	3,825	1,850	1,970	3,720	1,720	1,995
In the second decile	6,120	2,585	3,535	4,875	2,100	2,780
In the third decile	6,300	3,000	3,300	4,125	1,920	2,205
In the fourth decile	6,315	3,050	3,265	4,055	1,965	2,095
In the fifth decile	5,820	2,960	2,860	3,905	1,910	1,990
In the top half of the distribution	15,575	7,985	7,590	16,960	8,625	8,335
In the sixth decile	5,270	2,670	2,600	3,650	1,840	1,805
In the seventh decile	4,240	2,205	2,035	3,625	1,835	1,795
In the eighth decile	2,855	1,450	1,405	3,675	1,875	1,800
In the ninth decile	1,835	965	875	3,460	1,740	1,715
In the top decile	1,380	690	680	2,555	1,330	1,225
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,230	19,400
0 to 17 years	8,635	4,405	4,230	6,790	3,485	3,305
0 to 5 years	2,840	1,445	1,395	1,910	925	985
18 to 64 years	26,440	13,000	13,435	23,175	11,150	12,030
65 years and over	8,880	4,025	4,860	7,665	3,600	4,065
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,845	2,980	3,865	6,345	2,800	3,540
0 to 17 years	1,160	585	575	1,465	755	710
0 to 5 years	385	195	190	465	215	245
18 to 64 years	3,740	1,745	1,995	3,370	1,480	1,890
65 years and over	1,945	650	1,295	1,510	570	945
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	13.9	17.2	16.9	15.4	18.2
0 to 17 years (%)	13.4	13.3	13.6	21.6	21.7	21.5
0 to 5 years (%)	13.6	13.5	13.6	24.3	23.2	24.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	13.4	14.8	14.5	13.3	15.7
65 years and over (%)	21.9	16.1	26.6	19.7	15.8	23.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,085	1,555	1,535	2,185	1,040	1,140
0 to 17 years	525	280	240	485	240	250
0 to 5 years	165	95	75	160	70	90
18 to 64 years	2,370	1,195	1,175	1,610	775	835
65 years and over	195	80	120	90	30	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	7.3	6.8	5.8	5.7	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.1	6.4	5.7	7.1	6.9	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	6.6	5.4	8.4	7.6	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	9.2	8.7	6.9	7.0	6.9
65 years and over (%)	2.2	2.0	2.5	1.2	0.8	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,230	19,400
Official languages	43,835	21,355	22,485	37,580	18,205	19,370
English	11,515	6,300	5,215	37,575	18,205	19,370
French	43,795	21,330	22,470	1,610	640	970
Non-official languages	2,170	1,010	1,160	560	275	285
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	15	0	15
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	20	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,160	1,000	1,155	540	270	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	40	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	55	40	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	50	40	30	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	35	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	45	0	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	45	10	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,710	790	925	195	120	80
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	60	35	40	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	65	35	40	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	10	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Russian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	50	60	50	35	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	95	45	50	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	50	35	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	40	30	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	30	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	10
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,480	660	820	65	30	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	10	30	10	0	0
Portuguese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,420	635	785	60	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	190	90	95	15	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	10	0	10	10	10
Lingala	80	40	40	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	0	40	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	115	55	65	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	10	25	100	45	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	15	25
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	55	30	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	20	40	95	50	50
Chinese languages	65	20	40	100	50	50
Cantonese	10	0	0	60	25	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	20	40	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	20	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,235	19,400
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	43,400	21,135	22,265	37,355	18,075	19,280
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,530	4,350	4,175	6,790	3,480	3,310
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	34,870	16,780	18,090	30,565	14,595	15,970
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	560	295	260	280	160	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	43,960	21,435	22,530	37,635	18,235	19,400
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	42,560	20,765	21,795	37,035	17,950	19,090
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,310	595	720	525	230	295
Before 1981	195	110	90	190	65	130
1981 to 1990	85	30	55	35	15	25
1991 to 2000	185	80	105	65	40	25
2001 to 2010	510	240	270	135	60	75
2001 to 2005	225	100	130	40	10	25
2006 to 2010	285	145	140	100	50	50
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	340	140	200	100	50	45
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	75	15	75	60	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,315	595	715	525	225	300
Under 5 years	245	95	155	75	35	45
5 to 14 years	260	140	120	35	20	15
15 to 24 years	175	80	95	180	70	115
25 to 44 years	510	240	270	190	80	105
45 years and over	115	35	80	45	30	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,310	595	720	525	230	300
Americas	520	235	285	105	40	60
Brazil	20	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	225	100	125	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	45	15	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexico	30	15	10	10	0	0
Peru	30	0	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	45	45	75	30	45
Other places of birth in Americas	80	50	35	10	10	10
Europe	345	165	180	195	85	110
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	40	25	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	150	60	85	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	10	10	10
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	10	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	10
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	155	65	90
Other places of birth in Europe	85	40	45	0	10	0
Africa	245	125	115	25	20	10
Algeria	25	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	195	95	100	0	0	0
Asia	190	65	125	195	80	110
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	100	15	85	75	30	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	10	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	15	40	10	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	25	10	15	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	340	140	200	100	50	45
Americas	90	40	55	30	20	10
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	15	15	10	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	190	85	105	10	0	0
Algeria	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	85	45	45	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	35	35	0	0	0
Asia	40	0	25	40	15	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	43,960	21,435	22,530	37,635	18,230	19,400
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,440	685	755	670	305	360
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,095	530	570	905	440	465
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	41,425	20,220	21,205	36,065	17,490	18,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,145	505	640	340	170	170
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	280	120	160	195	125	75
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	150	80	70	105	75	30
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	130	35	85	90	45	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	380	125	250	135	45	90
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	470	240	235	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,230	19,400
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	295	140	160	2,360	1,125	1,235
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	275	125	145	2,155	1,020	1,140
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	130	65	60	1,670	775	895
Métis	135	55	80	310	165	145
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	180	85	100
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	75	50	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	10	125	65	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	43,665	21,295	22,365	35,275	17,105	18,170
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	43,960	21,430	22,525	37,635	18,230	19,400
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	65	35	30	1,325	655	670
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	43,895	21,400	22,500	36,310	17,580	18,730
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	43,960	21,430	22,525	37,635	18,230	19,400
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	235	125	110	1,125	525	600
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	230	120	110	1,090	510	580
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	200	100	100	930	435	495
Métis single ancestry	25	15	10	75	45	30
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	85	30	60
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	35	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	10	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	735	325	410	2,240	1,045	1,200
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	710	310	405	2,140	995	1,145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	640	285	350	1,715	800	915
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	20	45	245	110	140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	180	85	95
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	20	0	100	50	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	0	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	35	10	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	42,990	20,985	22,010	34,265	16,665	17,605
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,235	19,400
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,105	505	605	515	240	270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	10	105	55	50
Chinese	135	25	110	160	75	85
Black	300	135	165	80	45	35
Filipino	20	10	20	55	15	40
Latin American	440	215	225	20	10	10
Arab	75	40	35	40	25	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	50	30	20	30	15	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	15	10	0	10
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	40	30	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	42,850	20,935	21,920	37,125	17,995	19,130
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	43,960	21,435	22,525	37,635	18,235	19,405
North American Aboriginal origins	970	445	520	3,370	1,570	1,800
First Nations (North American Indian)	860	410	450	2,730	1,270	1,465
Inuit	15	0	10	360	165	195
Métis	120	60	55	420	205	210
Other North American origins	36,190	17,680	18,515	22,570	10,920	11,655
Acadian	205	95	110	15	20	0
American	165	85	75	130	55	75
Canadian	35,245	17,195	18,055	22,245	10,760	11,480
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	305	145	155
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	950	480	475	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	12,175	5,935	6,240	18,630	9,020	9,610
British Isles origins	1,830	840	990	17,980	8,670	9,305
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	325	155	170	13,950	6,770	7,180
Irish	1,220	515	700	5,605	2,660	2,950
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	375	205	175	2,715	1,305	1,410
Welsh	0	0	0	250	105	150
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	10	15	470	235	235
French origins	10,255	5,010	5,250	1,195	555	640
Alsatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	30	15	15	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,225	4,995	5,235	1,190	555	640
Western European origins (except French origins)	585	275	315	555	285	270
Austrian	65	30	35	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belgian	105	45	60	0	0	10
Dutch	20	10	10	105	50	55
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	370	160	205	430	225	200
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	130	75	60	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	55	25	20	260	90	170
Danish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	20	25	60	20	45
Swedish	15	15	0	145	50	100
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	110	45	60	235	115	115
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	20	25	85	35	50
Romanian	15	0	0	10	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	140	85	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	570	290	280	210	105	100
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	20	30	15	15
Italian	225	130	95	80	50	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	0	20	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	25	15	20	10	15
Serbian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	170	75	95	65	35	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	10	30	25	10	20
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	10	0	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	10	25	15	0	0
Caribbean origins	105	50	55	30	10	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	35	25	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	15	45	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	515	250	265	75	35	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	235	100	130	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	50	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	30	20	10	35	10	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	65	20	40	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	0	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	10	15	10	10
African origins	375	190	180	95	45	55
Central and West African origins	190	95	95	15	20	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	145	70	75	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malinké	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	145	80	65	25	10	15
Algerian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	10	25	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	10	10	10	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	15	15	45	0	40
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	10	10	45	10	40
Asian origins	330	115	215	510	230	280
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	70	20	50	100	40	60
Afghan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iraqi	10	10	0	15	15	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	65	15	45
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins	10	0	10	100	55	45
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	80	40	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	255	95	155	305	130	175
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	170	50	115	225	105	115
Filipino	20	0	10	50	10	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	15	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	20	20	0
Australian	10	0	0	20	20	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
Owner	12,830	...	...	11,755	...	...
Renter	7,850	...	...	4,675	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	20,675	...	...	16,430	...	...
Condominium	1,510	...	...	300	...	...
Not condominium	19,160	...	...	16,135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,465	...	...	825	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,375	...	...	3,905	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,775	...	...	7,180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,965	...	...	4,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,500	...	...	2,590	...	...
5 rooms	4,040	...	...	2,525	...	...
6 rooms	2,650	...	...	2,780	...	...
7 rooms	2,640	...	...	2,545	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,850	...	...	5,990	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
One person or fewer per room	20,635	...	...	16,410	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
Suitable	20,390	...	...	16,195	...	...
Not suitable	285	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	20,675	...	...	16,430	...	...
1960 or before	4,025	...	...	4,435	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,485	...	...	5,380	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,940	...	...	1,880	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,325	...	...	1,620	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,165	...	...	765	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,015	...	...	1,210	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,720	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	20,675	...	...	16,430	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	19,975	...	...	15,215	...	...
Major repairs needed	700	...	...	1,220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	20,675	...	...	16,430	...	...
1 household maintainer	13,405	...	...	9,620	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,160	...	...	6,665	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	115	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	20,675	...	...	16,435	...	...
15 to 24 years	845	...	...	395	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,745	...	...	1,780	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,175	...	...	2,455	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,600	...	...	3,320	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,350	...	...	3,610	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,630	...	...	2,925	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,820	...	...	1,485	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	20,625	...	...	16,395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,890	...	...	13,390	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,740	...	...	3,005	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,460	...	...	2,820	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,790	...	...	11,735	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.8	...	...	56.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.2	...	...	9.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	801	...	...	829	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	872	...	...	965	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,073	...	...	189,925	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	181,678	...	...	208,556	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,850	...	...	4,675	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.8	...	...	24.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.7	...	...	41.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	585	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	626	...	...	782	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	36,750	17,770	18,980	32,125	15,435	16,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,990	4,890	4,105	7,665	3,705	3,955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,010	3,635	4,370	8,325	3,905	4,415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,755	9,250	10,500	16,135	7,820	8,320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,420	4,380	3,035	3,855	2,810	1,045
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,680	2,995	2,685	1,800	1,075	730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,735	1,380	355	2,055	1,740	315
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,440	2,580	3,860	8,025	3,215	4,805
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,230	375	855	625	230	405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,665	1,915	2,750	3,635	1,570	2,060
Bachelor's degree	3,380	1,285	2,095	2,470	1,070	1,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	395	165	230	185	95	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	85	90	130	95	30
Master's degree	645	340	310	810	290	525
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	35	25	40	20	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,900	11,115	11,780	20,605	9,835	10,770
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,915	2,435	1,475	3,355	1,680	1,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,375	2,075	2,300	4,700	2,190	2,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,615	6,615	8,005	12,550	5,965	6,585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,640	3,205	2,435	2,775	2,055	720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,340	2,195	2,150	1,340	810	525
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,300	1,010	290	1,435	1,245	195
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,575	1,790	2,790	6,470	2,570	3,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	760	240	525	395	155	235
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,635	1,380	2,260	2,915	1,180	1,735
Bachelor's degree	2,660	965	1,695	1,955	815	1,145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	295	110	185	145	80	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	55	90	85	55	30
Master's degree	500	230	275	695	215	480
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	20	30	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	36,750	17,775	18,980	32,125	15,440	16,685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,000	8,525	8,475	15,985	7,615	8,375
Education	2,050	385	1,670	1,585	460	1,125
13. Education	2,050	385	1,665	1,585	460	1,125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	385	130	255	160	80	80
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	45	35	55	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	310	90	215	110	40	70
Humanities	850	330	520	430	200	225
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	15	75	35	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	75	35	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	480	200	280	100	40	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	30	15	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	30	30	140	85	50
54. History	40	25	15	30	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	130	30	100	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,330	310	1,020	750	215	535
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	60	110	25	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	470	15	455	255	20	230
22. Legal professions and studies	180	70	110	115	30	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	15	0	10
42. Psychology	330	70	260	110	45	70
45. Social sciences	130	85	45	230	105	120
Business, management and public administration	4,575	1,490	3,085	3,460	680	2,780
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	275	55	220	245	25	225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,300	1,430	2,865	3,215	660	2,555
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	200	130	280	160	115
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	45	45	100	40	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	50	15	90	65	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	60	20	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	100	70	30	60	55	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	30	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	265	120	425	235	190
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	245	80	375	205	175
25. Library science	30	0	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,750	4,490	260	4,120	3,925	195
04. Architecture and related services	100	60	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	365	345	20	220	200	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	945	875	70	795	710	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,225	1,205	20	1,235	1,205	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,160	1,125	35	1,340	1,300	40
48. Precision production	955	885	70	535	510	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	605	455	150	220	190	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	440	305	135	40	25	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	155	15	180	165	15
Health and related fields	2,890	480	2,410	2,865	470	2,395
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	90	55	70	60	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,675	355	2,320	2,750	375	2,375
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	35	30	40	35	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,600	715	885	1,845	1,200	640
12. Personal and culinary services	1,040	210	830	745	175	565
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	45	35	15
43. Security and protective services	255	215	40	100	70	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	290	270	15	955	930	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,900	11,120	11,780	20,605	9,835	10,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,285	4,505	3,780	8,055	3,870	4,185
Education	1,300	200	1,100	1,050	275	775
13. Education	1,305	200	1,100	1,050	275	775
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	295	100	195	115	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	35	35	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	225	65	160	90	35	55
Humanities	475	180	295	295	150	140
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	10	60	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	70	30	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275	120	150	55	25	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	95	70	25
54. History	15	10	10	25	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	55	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,130	240	880	660	180	475
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	50	85	20	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	420	10	410	230	25	205
22. Legal professions and studies	125	40	85	90	25	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	30	10	0	10
42. Psychology	295	65	230	90	30	60
45. Social sciences	105	65	40	210	95	115
Business, management and public administration	3,620	1,055	2,565	2,730	520	2,205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	215	40	170	200	20	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,405	1,010	2,400	2,525	495	2,030
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	125	75	240	140	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	35	40	80	25	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	75	55	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	70	25	55	55	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	25	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	320	210	110	395	220	175
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280	205	75	355	195	160
25. Library science	25	0	20	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	25	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,520	3,275	245	3,040	2,875	165
04. Architecture and related services	90	55	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	300	280	15	150	135	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	660	595	65	630	550	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	825	805	20	875	850	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	900	865	35	1,020	985	35
48. Precision production	740	680	65	360	345	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	505	375	125	185	155	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	240	110	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	135	15	155	140	15
Health and related fields	2,030	325	1,705	2,315	370	1,950
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	65	45	60	45	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,860	235	1,630	2,230	305	1,925
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	25	35	25	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,240	525	710	1,535	1,035	500
12. Personal and culinary services	810	155	655	585	145	440
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	45	30	15
43. Security and protective services	190	155	40	95	60	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	230	215	15	810	790	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	36,750	17,775	18,980	32,125	15,435	16,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,000	8,525	8,475	15,990	7,615	8,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,755	9,250	10,505	16,135	7,820	8,315
Location of study inside Canada	19,390	9,080	10,315	15,795	7,665	8,130
Same as province or territory of residence	19,200	8,975	10,225	13,365	6,445	6,925
Different than province or territory of residence	190	105	85	2,430	1,220	1,210
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	365	175	190	340	155	185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	25	0	120	55	65
Philippines	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	60	25	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	15	10	0	0
France	125	75	55	0	0	0
Other	170	65	105	95	50	50
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,900	11,115	11,780	20,605	9,835	10,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,285	4,510	3,775	8,055	3,870	4,185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,620	6,610	8,005	12,550	5,965	6,585
Location of study inside Canada	14,330	6,480	7,850	12,300	5,845	6,455
Same as province or territory of residence	14,195	6,420	7,775	10,290	4,910	5,380
Different than province or territory of residence	135	60	75	2,010	935	1,075
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	285	130	160	255	120	135
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	15	0	70	35	35
Philippines	10	0	10	10	10	10
India	0	0	0	45	20	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	45	20	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	15	10	0	0
France	85	50	35	0	0	0
Other	145	50	90	80	35	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	36,750	17,770	18,980	32,125	15,435	16,690
In the labour force	22,720	11,545	11,175	17,785	8,970	8,815
Employed	21,430	10,800	10,630	14,990	7,165	7,825
Unemployed	1,295	745	550	2,795	1,805	985
Not in the labour force	14,030	6,230	7,800	14,340	6,460	7,880
Participation rate	61.8	65.0	58.9	55.4	58.1	52.8
Employment rate	58.3	60.8	56.0	46.7	46.4	46.9
Unemployment rate	5.7	6.5	4.9	15.7	20.1	11.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	36,755	17,775	18,980	32,125	15,435	16,690
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,220	5,710	7,515	12,870	5,720	7,145
Worked	23,530	12,065	11,465	19,255	9,715	9,540
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,035	5,985	5,055	9,030	4,495	4,535
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,490	6,075	6,410	10,225	5,220	5,005
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	42.9	43.1	39.3	38.3	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	22,725	11,545	11,175	17,785	8,975	8,815
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	195	220	425	225	195
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	22,305	11,350	10,955	17,365	8,750	8,620
Employee	19,780	9,885	9,895	16,360	8,155	8,205
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,530	1,470	1,060	1,005	590	415
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	22,720	11,545	11,175	17,790	8,970	8,815
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	190	220	420	225	195
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	22,305	11,355	10,955	17,365	8,745	8,615
0 Management occupations	1,825	1,155	670	1,500	800	700
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,150	915	2,240	2,065	590	1,480
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,030	825	210	1,050	870	180
3 Health occupations	1,720	275	1,445	1,725	305	1,425
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,595	535	2,065	2,640	710	1,930
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	415	175	240	285	125	155
6 Sales and service occupations	5,910	2,500	3,415	4,155	1,645	2,505
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,240	3,120	115	3,170	3,050	120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	415	340	75	420	375	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,005	1,520	485	360	275	80
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	22,720	11,545	11,175	17,785	8,975	8,815
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	195	220	420	225	195
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	22,305	11,350	10,960	17,360	8,750	8,620
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	520	345	175	300	235	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	60	0	430	405	20
22 Utilities	115	85	30	235	215	20
23 Construction	1,365	1,150	215	1,445	1,325	125
31-33 Manufacturing	4,090	3,035	1,060	550	430	115
41 Wholesale trade	945	690	255	300	230	70
44-45 Retail trade	3,150	1,465	1,685	2,900	1,290	1,620
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	590	505	85	1,125	890	235
51 Information and cultural industries	225	155	70	205	110	95
52 Finance and insurance	555	185	370	420	130	280
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	200	100	100	155	80	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	920	510	405	420	250	170
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	780	460	320	460	280	180
61 Educational services	1,665	405	1,265	1,295	400	895
62 Health care and social assistance	3,205	465	2,740	3,400	600	2,800
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	275	135	145	205	105	95
72 Accommodation and food services	1,775	615	1,160	1,330	525	805
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,210	625	580	715	335	380
91 Public administration	660	365	290	1,470	905	565
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	21,430	10,800	10,630	14,990	7,165	7,830
Worked at home	1,160	540	625	505	200	295
Worked outside Canada	25	20	10	25	25	0
No fixed workplace address	1,650	1,225	420	1,430	1,085	345
Worked at usual place	18,590	9,010	9,575	13,040	5,855	7,185
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	18,590	9,015	9,575	13,040	5,855	7,185
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,965	6,135	7,830	9,560	3,980	5,580
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,830	1,195	640	2,355	1,040	1,315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,780	1,680	1,105	880	620	260
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	245	210	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	20,235	10,240	9,995	14,465	6,940	7,525
Car, truck, van - as a driver	17,465	8,900	8,570	12,340	5,745	6,595
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	835	410	425	950	425	525
Public transit	90	30	55	130	125	0
Walked	1,215	485	735	620	290	335
Bicycle	365	280	85	35	35	0
Other method	265	140	125	385	320	70
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20,235	10,245	9,995	14,465	6,940	7,530
Less than 15 minutes	12,570	5,905	6,660	10,210	4,385	5,825
15 to 29 minutes	5,210	2,670	2,540	2,320	1,290	1,030
30 to 44 minutes	1,225	770	455	940	520	425
45 to 59 minutes	665	460	200	290	205	85
60 minutes and over	570	430	140	700	540	165
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20,235	10,240	9,995	14,465	6,940	7,530
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	790	610	175	465	410	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,170	2,285	880	1,545	1,090	460
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,700	3,810	3,890	4,700	2,415	2,285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,885	1,320	2,560	4,070	1,525	2,545
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,670	580	1,090	1,570	460	1,115
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,020	1,625	1,395	2,110	1,040	1,075
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	24,135	12,375	11,760	19,745	9,970	9,775
Single responses	23,765	12,130	11,630	19,700	9,965	9,730
Official languages	23,705	12,080	11,620	19,680	9,955	9,720
English	285	170	115	19,645	9,955	9,695
French	23,420	11,915	11,505	35	0	30
Non-official languages	55	50	10	15	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	45	0	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	45	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	45	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	45	10	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	245	130	50	10	40
English and French	330	225	105	40	10	35
English and non-official language	0	10	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	24,135	12,375	11,760	19,745	9,970	9,770
None	21,355	10,630	10,720	19,520	9,885	9,635
English	2,440	1,560	885	35	0	35
French	215	115	100	135	60	80
Non-official language	75	40	35	55	35	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	35	40	60	35	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	35	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	43,565	21,225	22,345	37,365	18,110	19,255
Non-movers	38,155	18,640	19,520	33,395	16,370	17,030
Movers	5,410	2,585	2,830	3,965	1,745	2,220
Non-migrants	3,530	1,640	1,890	2,120	895	1,230
Migrants	1,880	945	935	1,845	850	995
Internal migrants	1,805	895	910	1,810	840	975
Intraprovincial migrants	1,765	870	895	1,245	560	685
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	570	280	290
External migrants	75	50	25	35	15	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	41,620	20,245	21,370	36,130	17,505	18,625
Non-movers	26,300	12,935	13,370	24,515	11,965	12,545
Movers	15,315	7,305	8,000	11,620	5,540	6,075
Non-migrants	9,805	4,655	5,145	5,985	2,820	3,160
Migrants	5,505	2,645	2,860	5,635	2,720	2,915
Internal migrants	5,200	2,490	2,710	5,460	2,630	2,835
Intraprovincial migrants	5,060	2,415	2,645	3,500	1,700	1,805
Interprovincial migrants	145	75	65	1,960	930	1,030
External migrants	305	160	145	170	90	80

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Victoriaville, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 6, CDR [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Victoriaville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Victoriaville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Victoriaville, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador