Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dudswell, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Flamborough--Glanbrook [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Dudswell, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Flamborough--Glanbrook Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Dudswell, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Dudswell, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Flamborough--Glanbrook [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,727	...	...	111,065	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,771	...	...	97,081	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.5	...	...	14.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,119	...	...	38,709	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	792	...	...	38,111	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.9	...	...	125.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	218.61	...	...	886.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,725	925	800	111,065	54,725	56,340
0 to 14 years	265	145	120	21,435	11,045	10,385
0 to 4 years	75	40	30	6,915	3,565	3,355
5 to 9 years	100	55	45	7,290	3,715	3,575
10 to 14 years	85	45	45	7,225	3,770	3,465
15 to 64 years	1,080	555	520	72,840	35,795	37,050
15 to 19 years	80	40	40	7,415	3,775	3,640
20 to 24 years	65	35	30	6,705	3,440	3,270
25 to 29 years	70	45	30	5,905	2,920	2,985
30 to 34 years	95	40	55	6,940	3,325	3,620
35 to 39 years	105	55	50	7,335	3,520	3,815
40 to 44 years	70	35	35	7,480	3,630	3,855
45 to 49 years	100	55	45	8,045	3,925	4,125
50 to 54 years	145	70	75	8,700	4,225	4,475
55 to 59 years	175	90	85	7,930	3,965	3,960
60 to 64 years	170	85	85	6,385	3,075	3,315
65 years and over	385	225	160	16,790	7,890	8,900
65 to 69 years	160	90	70	5,675	2,805	2,870
70 to 74 years	95	50	40	4,240	2,045	2,195
75 to 79 years	60	35	20	2,760	1,320	1,435
80 to 84 years	35	25	10	2,085	970	1,115
85 years and over	35	20	20	2,030	740	1,290
85 to 89 years	20	5	10	1,305	525	780
90 to 94 years	15	10	10	580	185	390
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	135	25	105
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	15.7	15.0	19.3	20.2	18.4
15 to 64 years	62.6	60.0	65.0	65.6	65.4	65.8
65 years and over	22.3	24.3	20.0	15.1	14.4	15.8
85 years and over	2.0	2.2	2.5	1.8	1.4	2.3
Average age of the population	45.4	45.7	45.0	39.4	38.6	40.1
Median age of the population	50.3	50.6	50.1	39.9	39.1	40.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
Single-detached house	715	...	...	27,790	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	425	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	75	...	...	9,665	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,105	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	7,600	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	650	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	70	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
1 person	245	...	...	5,965	...	...
2 persons	330	...	...	12,615	...	...
3 persons	110	...	...	6,845	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	7,950	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	4,745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,725	...	...	109,805	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,465	780	685	89,635	43,680	45,950
Married or living common law	920	460	460	58,400	29,190	29,210
Married	495	250	245	51,830	25,920	25,910
Living common law	425	215	210	6,570	3,270	3,305
Not married and not living common law	550	325	230	31,235	14,490	16,745
Never married	345	205	140	21,425	11,470	9,955
Separated	25	20	5	2,015	815	1,205
Divorced	120	70	50	3,520	1,310	2,210
Widowed	65	30	35	4,270	895	3,375
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	530	...	...	32,700	...	...
2 persons	330	...	...	14,075	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...	7,035	...	...
4 persons	60	...	...	8,055	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,535	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	530	...	...	32,700	...	...
Total couple families	455	...	...	28,775	...	...
Married couples	240	...	...	25,490	...	...
Common-law couples	210	...	...	3,285	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	80	...	...	3,925	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	3,090	...	...
Male parent	25	...	...	835	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	455	...	...	28,775	...	...
Couples without children	285	...	...	11,945	...	...
Couples with children	170	...	...	16,830	...	...
1 child	80	...	...	5,715	...	...
2 children	55	...	...	7,690	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	3,425	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	3,925	...	...
1 child	50	...	...	2,130	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	1,325	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	310	200	115	9,350	4,105	5,250
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
One-census-family households	520	...	...	30,490	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	280	...	...	11,005	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	240	...	...	19,480	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	1,085	...	...
Non-census-family households	265	...	...	6,540	...	...
One-person households	245	...	...	5,965	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	580	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,725	925	800	110,575	54,555	56,025
English only	25	10	15	103,795	51,735	52,060
French only	1,090	565	520	65	25	35
English and French	615	350	265	5,690	2,360	3,330
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,025	430	595
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,725	925	800	110,575	54,555	56,020
English	115	65	55	107,985	53,370	54,615
French	1,595	855	745	1,315	630	685
English and French	15	15	5	270	135	140
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,005	420	585
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	70	55	1,455	700	755
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	7.2	7.6	6.9	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,725	925	800	110,575	54,555	56,020
Single responses	1,710	910	800	108,545	53,580	54,965
Official languages	1,695	905	790	88,470	43,890	44,575
English	110	60	55	87,105	43,240	43,865
French	1,580	845	735	1,370	655	715
Non-official languages	20	10	5	20,070	9,685	10,385
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	20,065	9,685	10,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	1,830	945	880
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	20	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	1,780	925	855
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Arabic	0	0	0	1,135	600	540
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	485	245	240
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	65	35	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	490	220	275
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	120	55	65
Vietnamese	0	0	0	370	165	210
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	545	200	340
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	485	185	300
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	40	40
Tamil	0	0	0	110	50	60
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	15,405	7,505	7,900
Albanian	0	0	0	150	75	70
Armenian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	4,710	2,210	2,500
Baltic languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Latvian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Slavic languages	5	5	5	4,630	2,170	2,460
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	115	55	60
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Croatian	0	0	0	760	385	375
Czech	0	0	0	125	50	70
Macedonian	0	0	0	90	45	50
Polish	0	0	0	1,735	785	955
Russian	5	0	0	235	95	140
Serbian	0	0	0	1,030	515	515
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slovak	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	120	60	60
Ukrainian	0	0	0	235	95	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,060	965	1,090
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dutch	0	0	0	1,050	515	535
Frisian	0	0	0	30	20	15
German	0	0	0	885	390	495
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	230	120	110
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,110	1,540	1,570
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,610	1,295	1,315
Bengali	0	0	0	70	30	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	270	140	130
Hindi	0	0	0	155	80	75
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,090	545	550
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Urdu	0	0	0	940	465	475
Iranian languages	0	0	0	495	240	255
Kurdish	0	0	0	115	55	60
Pashto	0	0	0	45	25	20
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	335	165	175
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	5,115	2,575	2,535
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	2,290	1,180	1,110
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,380	690	690
Romanian	0	0	0	285	140	145
Spanish	0	0	0	1,150	565	585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	165	80	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	170	75	100
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	10	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	570	250	320
Chinese languages	5	5	5	565	245	315
Cantonese	0	0	0	235	110	130
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	285	125	170
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	105	55	50
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	435	200	235
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Finnish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	395	180	210
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	20	10	0	2,035	975	1,060
English and French	15	15	0	235	100	130
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,710	835	875
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,730	925	800	110,575	54,555	56,020
Single responses	1,710	910	795	106,440	52,550	53,885
Official languages	1,695	905	790	98,715	48,790	49,925
English	100	45	50	98,225	48,575	49,650
French	1,595	855	740	490	215	270
Non-official languages	15	10	10	7,725	3,760	3,965
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	7,725	3,760	3,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	965	485	475
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	945	480	470
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	620	315	310
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	265	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	20	20
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	280	130	145
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	55	25	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	220	100	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	170	85	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	155	70	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	60	25	35
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	5	5,460	2,655	2,805
Albanian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	1,780	855	925
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	1,770	850	915
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	200	105	95
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Polish	0	0	0	710	335	370
Russian	10	0	5	135	60	75
Serbian	0	0	0	490	240	250
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	165	80	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	50	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	95	45	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,840	890	945
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,590	780	810
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	155	75	75
Hindi	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	740	360	375
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	550	270	280
Iranian languages	0	0	0	250	115	135
Kurdish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	175	80	95
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,535	750	780
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	370	165	205
Portuguese	0	0	0	400	190	215
Romanian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Spanish	0	0	0	640	335	305
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Korean	0	0	0	115	55	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	340	165	175
Chinese languages	5	5	0	340	170	175
Cantonese	0	0	0	120	55	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	195	100	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	70	35	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	110	50	60
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	105	50	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Multiple responses	15	10	5	4,135	2,005	2,135
English and French	20	15	5	140	65	70
English and non-official language	0	0	0	3,925	1,905	2,015
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	20	45
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,730	925	800	110,575	54,555	56,020
None	1,610	860	745	98,710	48,965	49,740
English	85	45	35	3,765	1,855	1,915
French	25	15	10	840	350	490
Non-official language	0	0	0	7,085	3,300	3,785
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	7,080	3,300	3,785
English and French	10	5	5	25	15	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	65	35	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	90	35	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,465	780	680	88,415	43,215	45,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,415	755	660	84,865	41,550	43,315
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,024	32,896	24,640	41,116	50,370	33,919
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,415	755	660	84,885	41,550	43,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,544	30,224	22,864	36,645	43,807	30,669
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,260	690	575	79,390	39,620	39,770
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,307	29,888	20,544	38,586	48,311	30,523
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,135	595	540	57,555	25,060	32,490
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,736	8,896	8,544	4,061	1,882	4,937
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	980	550	430	67,425	34,880	32,545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,504	30,400	21,408	39,376	48,201	32,919
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,480	775	705	88,425	43,150	45,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,430	760	665	84,760	41,480	43,280
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,615	40,258	32,431	53,166	64,846	41,972
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,425	765	665	84,790	41,485	43,305
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,455	33,898	28,650	43,015	50,785	35,572
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,285	715	570	79,340	39,585	39,755
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,631	34,232	28,369	51,575	63,658	39,545
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	630	540	57,450	24,940	32,510
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,017	10,007	10,028	7,214	6,821	7,516
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	940	525	420	67,340	34,925	32,415
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,508	34,895	27,284	50,005	59,006	40,307
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,480	775	705	88,425	43,150	45,275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	410	220	190	34,275	19,465	14,810
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,128	47,243	33,699	61,458	69,421	53,348
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	42,709	46,731	37,992	70,925	79,774	59,295
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.6	80.3	74.3	90.6	93.4	86.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.6	64.3	57.8	75.6	78.2	71.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.2	19.7	26.2	9.4	6.6	13.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,460	780	685	88,415	43,210	45,200
Without total income	50	25	25	3,550	1,665	1,885
With total income	1,420	755	665	84,860	41,545	43,315
Percentage with total income	97.3	96.8	97.1	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	160	65	95	11,000	4,575	6,425
$10,000 to $19,999	295	130	170	11,675	4,395	7,280
$20,000 to $29,999	275	145	125	9,885	3,910	5,975
$30,000 to $39,999	195	115	85	8,850	3,885	4,960
$40,000 to $49,999	160	90	75	8,540	3,865	4,675
$50,000 to $59,999	130	80	55	7,370	3,680	3,690
$60,000 to $69,999	80	60	20	6,270	3,460	2,815
$70,000 to $79,999	45	30	15	4,785	2,860	1,925
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	5	4,060	2,425	1,630
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5	3,600	2,085	1,510
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	8,840	6,405	2,435
$100,000 to $149,999	20	15	5	6,130	4,330	1,800
$150,000 and over	5	5	5	2,710	2,075	630
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,465	780	685	88,415	43,210	45,205
Without after-tax income	45	25	25	3,525	1,660	1,865
With after-tax income	1,415	755	660	84,890	41,550	43,340
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.8	96.4	96.0	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	165	65	100	11,405	4,680	6,730
$10,000 to $19,999	320	135	180	12,250	4,640	7,605
$20,000 to $29,999	320	175	150	11,530	4,605	6,925
$30,000 to $39,999	250	145	105	10,945	4,880	6,065
$40,000 to $49,999	190	110	75	10,325	5,075	5,250
$50,000 to $59,999	90	65	25	8,310	4,590	3,720
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	20	6,205	3,740	2,465
$70,000 to $79,999	15	15	0	5,070	3,020	2,045
$80,000 and over	20	15	10	8,840	6,315	2,525
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	0	3,205	2,105	1,095
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,720	1,250	475
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	3,915	2,955	960
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,465	780	680	88,415	43,210	45,205
Without employment income	480	230	250	20,995	8,335	12,665
With employment income	985	550	435	67,420	34,880	32,540
Percentage with employment income	67.2	70.5	64.0	76.3	80.7	72.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	170	100	70	9,195	4,875	4,320
$5,000 to $9,999	80	40	40	5,015	2,150	2,870
$10,000 to $19,999	175	80	90	7,895	3,405	4,490
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	70	6,045	2,475	3,570
$30,000 to $39,999	130	70	55	5,930	2,425	3,500
$40,000 to $49,999	100	55	45	5,770	2,560	3,210
$50,000 to $59,999	75	45	30	5,415	2,730	2,685
$60,000 to $69,999	45	35	15	4,630	2,605	2,025
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	15	3,810	2,305	1,510
$80,000 and over	50	45	5	13,715	9,350	4,365
$80,000 to $89,999	20	20	5	3,325	2,015	1,310
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	3,255	1,900	1,360
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	7,130	5,435	1,695
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,064	...	...	99,358	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,280	...	...	85,062	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	245	...	...	5,960	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,128	...	...	46,893	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,445	...	...	40,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	545	...	...	32,150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,288	...	...	110,320	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,712	...	...	93,945	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	790	...	...	38,115	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,024	...	...	118,242	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,720	...	...	95,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	5,865	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,703	...	...	55,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,505	...	...	45,962	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	555	...	...	32,250	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,400	...	...	129,572	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,462	...	...	104,740	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	795	...	...	38,110	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	230	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	145	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	305	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	505	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	800	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	45	...	...	880	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	1,070	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	1,125	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	1,175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	80	...	...	2,365	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	2,370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	2,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	50	...	...	2,515	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,485	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	18,890	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	75	...	...	5,400	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	4,295	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	5,185	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	4,010	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	155	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	330	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	535	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	905	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...	1,030	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	1,305	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	50	...	...	1,385	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	1,465	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	110	...	...	2,945	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	3,050	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	3,205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	3,060	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	2,935	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	14,625	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	5,760	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	3,770	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	5,100	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	530	...	...	31,810	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,544	...	...	109,999	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,840	...	...	93,655	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	280	...	...	10,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,384	...	...	91,617	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,456	...	...	78,764	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	16,905	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,552	...	...	132,105	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,653	...	...	110,916	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	3,530	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,136	...	...	68,049	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,256	...	...	61,038	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	540	...	...	31,945	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,128	...	...	129,117	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,190	...	...	104,292	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...	10,680	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,727	...	...	115,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,993	...	...	93,597	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	16,970	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,274	...	...	147,690	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,592	...	...	118,534	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	3,590	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,468	...	...	80,318	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,737	...	...	68,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	285	180	100	7,425	3,410	4,015
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,872	25,312	21,760	43,544	48,811	40,418
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,019	25,024	21,568	38,479	41,925	35,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	270	175	95	7,305	3,325	3,985
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,629	28,856	39,327	52,277	57,159	48,205
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,325	25,423	36,250	43,226	45,785	41,091
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,725	925	800	109,805	54,235	55,570
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,165	620	550	37,565	17,980	19,585
In the bottom decile	145	80	65	4,760	2,295	2,465
In the second decile	260	135	125	6,300	2,885	3,420
In the third decile	300	165	135	7,290	3,445	3,845
In the fourth decile	230	115	115	8,735	4,210	4,530
In the fifth decile	235	125	110	10,475	5,145	5,330
In the top half of the distribution	555	300	255	72,240	36,255	35,985
In the sixth decile	205	110	100	11,715	5,810	5,910
In the seventh decile	175	95	80	13,760	6,830	6,930
In the eighth decile	110	60	50	15,605	7,835	7,770
In the ninth decile	40	20	20	16,815	8,470	8,340
In the top decile	25	15	10	14,340	7,305	7,040
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,725	920	800	109,800	54,235	55,565
0 to 17 years	320	175	145	25,920	13,305	12,615
0 to 5 years	80	45	35	8,335	4,305	4,025
18 to 64 years	1,025	525	500	67,940	33,280	34,660
65 years and over	385	220	160	15,940	7,650	8,295
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	290	155	130	7,815	3,650	4,165
0 to 17 years	55	35	20	2,595	1,330	1,260
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	785	420	365
18 to 64 years	165	85	75	4,250	1,935	2,315
65 years and over	75	40	35	970	385	590
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.8	16.8	16.3	7.1	6.7	7.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.2	20.0	13.8	10.0	10.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	11.1	14.3	9.4	9.8	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	16.1	16.2	15.0	6.3	5.8	6.7
65 years and over (%)	19.5	18.2	21.9	6.1	5.0	7.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	60	30	25	4,725	2,220	2,500
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	1,600	820	780
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	490	275	220
18 to 64 years	50	35	15	2,725	1,255	1,470
65 years and over	5	0	5	400	145	250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.3	3.1	4.3	4.1	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	1.6	0.0	0.0	6.2	6.2	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.9	6.4	5.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	6.7	3.0	4.0	3.8	4.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.0	3.1	2.5	1.9	3.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,395	55,710
Official languages	1,725	920	805	109,225	54,065	55,160
English	715	370	345	109,105	53,995	55,110
French	1,680	900	785	5,820	2,470	3,350
Non-official languages	50	40	15	25,435	12,300	13,135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	35	15	25,420	12,290	13,135
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	2,680	1,405	1,275
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	100	30	65
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	100	30	65
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	2,585	1,375	1,210
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Arabic	0	10	0	1,970	1,045	920
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	670	320	350
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	95	55	40
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maltese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	705	355	355
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	155	70	80
Vietnamese	0	0	0	550	280	275
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	665	265	405
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	15	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	15	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	595	240	355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	45	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	0	20
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	170	80	85
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	70	35	35
Tamil	0	0	0	100	50	45
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	25	0	19,345	9,335	10,010
Albanian	0	0	0	115	55	55
Armenian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	5,620	2,600	3,020
Baltic languages	0	0	0	110	50	65
Latvian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	0	0	0	5,510	2,555	2,960
Belarusan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	145	70	80
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	1,290	640	650
Czech	0	0	0	180	80	95
Macedonian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Polish	0	0	0	2,235	960	1,280
Russian	0	0	0	360	160	200
Serbian	0	0	0	995	500	500
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Slovak	0	0	0	115	65	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	125	45	80
Ukrainian	0	0	0	265	105	160
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,580	1,225	1,355
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	45	40
Danish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Dutch	0	0	0	1,245	610	635
Frisian	0	0	0	45	20	30
German	0	0	0	1,190	560	630
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	355	220	135
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,830	1,895
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,055	1,500	1,560
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	295	155	145
Hindi	0	0	0	725	340	385
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	40	30	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,480	760	715
Sindhi	0	0	0	65	25	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Urdu	0	0	0	1,220	565	660
Iranian languages	0	0	0	705	340	370
Kurdish	0	0	0	260	120	140
Pashto	0	0	0	120	55	60
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	400	200	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	0	7,255	3,550	3,705
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	3,445	1,740	1,700
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,750	875	875
Romanian	0	0	0	230	105	125
Spanish	30	20	10	2,065	950	1,115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	195	85	110
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	415	195	215
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	55	25	25
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	30	20	10
Lingala	0	0	0	45	25	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Shona	0	0	0	60	25	40
Swahili	0	0	0	105	45	60
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	75	45	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	30	45
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	190	105	85
American Sign Language	0	0	0	75	30	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	70	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	570	250	320
Chinese languages	10	0	10	565	250	315
Cantonese	0	0	0	290	140	155
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	290	120	170
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	125	55	65
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	525	235	285
Estonian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	480	215	265
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,725	925	805	110,105	54,395	55,710
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,710	915	790	106,475	52,790	53,690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	300	170	130	25,805	13,260	12,545
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,410	745	665	80,670	39,525	41,145
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15	10	15	3,625	1,610	2,015
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,400	55,705
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,665	900	770	87,775	43,640	44,135
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	60	20	35	21,925	10,575	11,350
Before 1981	20	0	15	8,790	4,270	4,525
1981 to 1990	20	10	10	3,085	1,575	1,510
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	4,065	1,895	2,165
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	4,505	2,165	2,340
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	2,340	1,135	1,200
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,170	1,025	1,140
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,485	680	815
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	405	180	225
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	60	25	35	21,930	10,575	11,350
Under 5 years	0	0	0	2,950	1,445	1,505
5 to 14 years	15	0	15	5,155	2,635	2,520
15 to 24 years	10	10	10	5,245	2,355	2,895
25 to 44 years	25	15	15	7,435	3,625	3,810
45 years and over	10	0	10	1,135	515	620
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	20	35	21,930	10,575	11,350
Americas	10	0	10	2,685	1,125	1,565
Brazil	0	0	0	55	15	40
Colombia	0	0	0	250	115	135
El Salvador	0	0	0	195	110	85
Guyana	0	0	0	140	60	80
Haiti	0	0	0	30	20	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	435	190	250
Mexico	0	0	0	65	25	40
Peru	0	0	0	80	35	40
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	225	95	125
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	760	260	505
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	445	200	250
Europe	35	10	20	11,935	5,865	6,070
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	335	175	165
Croatia	0	0	0	735	355	375
France	25	0	20	90	50	40
Germany	0	0	0	615	270	355
Greece	0	0	0	165	110	55
Hungary	0	0	0	240	100	140
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	105	55	45
Italy	0	0	0	1,360	760	600
Netherlands	0	0	0	975	525	450
Poland	0	0	0	1,445	650	795
Portugal	0	0	0	970	475	495
Romania	0	0	0	190	95	95
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	25	45
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	225	120	105
Ukraine	0	0	0	150	60	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	3,405	1,560	1,840
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	10	860	475	385
Africa	10	10	0	1,185	595	585
Algeria	0	10	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	135	75	60
Ethiopia	0	0	0	55	20	35
Kenya	0	0	0	80	30	45
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	80	45	35
Somalia	0	0	0	40	10	35
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	155	70	80
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	605	335	270
Asia	10	10	0	6,025	2,955	3,080
Afghanistan	0	0	0	135	60	75
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	285	115	175
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	65	30	35
India	0	0	0	1,270	660	605
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	160	75	85
Iraq	0	0	0	855	415	440
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	155	70	85
Lebanon	0	0	0	160	85	80
Pakistan	0	0	0	805	385	410
Philippines	0	0	0	575	230	345
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	90	45	45
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	150	70	75
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	390	195	195
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	890	510	385
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,490	680	810
Americas	0	0	0	275	125	150
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	15	20
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	95	40	60
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	105	55	45
Europe	0	0	0	330	160	175
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	140	85	55
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	130	45	85
Africa	0	0	0	180	85	90
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	15	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	105	55	50
Asia	0	0	0	700	305	395
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	55	10	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	185	100	85
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	60	10	50
Israel	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	100	40	60
Philippines	0	0	0	55	10	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	30	15	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	85	45	40
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,395	55,705
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	60	25	40	22,680	10,965	11,720
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	45	25	25	29,015	14,160	14,860
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,620	875	740	58,405	29,275	29,130
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	40	15	20	13,450	6,465	6,980
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	15	15	5,280	2,755	2,530
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	15	0	1,900	1,345	555
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	10	3,380	1,410	1,970
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	10	4,405	1,760	2,645
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	3,595	1,855	1,735
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	170	90	75
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,400	55,705
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	20	10	1,625	825	805
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30	20	15	1,535	775	760
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,025	500	520
Métis	25	15	10	505	270	235
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	10	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,695	905	790	108,480	53,580	54,900
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,400	55,705
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	15	10	605	295	305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,700	905	795	109,500	54,100	55,400
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,400	55,710
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	15	0	170	85	85
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	0	170	85	85
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	10	140	75	60
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	35	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	65	25	35	2,280	1,140	1,135
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	45	15	30	2,250	1,125	1,120
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	20	30	1,735	835	900
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	470	275	200
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	15	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,650	880	765	107,660	53,170	54,490
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,400	55,705
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	20	10	0	14,830	7,175	7,655
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	4,215	2,075	2,140
Chinese	15	10	10	965	440	530
Black	10	0	0	2,540	1,245	1,300
Filipino	0	0	0	905	380	530
Latin American	0	0	0	1,315	630	680
Arab	0	0	0	1,800	950	850
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	785	385	400
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	855	425	430
Korean	0	0	0	210	95	120
Japanese	0	0	0	165	55	110
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	335	145	185
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	725	355	370
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,705	905	800	95,275	47,220	48,055
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,725	920	805	110,105	54,400	55,710
North American Aboriginal origins	80	40	40	2,450	1,230	1,220
First Nations (North American Indian)	80	40	40	1,900	925	975
Inuit	0	0	0	50	15	30
Métis	20	15	10	530	300	235
Other North American origins	1,345	715	625	30,140	14,960	15,180
Acadian	45	20	25	170	75	95
American	10	0	10	1,390	680	705
Canadian	1,280	690	590	29,145	14,465	14,685
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	40	20	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	15	10	20	0	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	675	355	320	84,205	41,630	42,570
British Isles origins	250	120	130	50,265	24,725	25,540
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	120	50	70	29,925	14,640	15,280
Irish	130	65	70	18,615	8,995	9,620
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	50	20	30	21,860	10,610	11,255
Welsh	0	0	0	2,175	1,095	1,080
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,580	1,730	1,850
French origins	470	250	225	8,940	4,285	4,655
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	465	245	215	8,935	4,280	4,650
Western European origins (except French origins)	30	25	0	21,005	10,385	10,615
Austrian	0	0	0	790	360	430
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	25	20	10	300	150	150
Dutch	0	0	0	9,475	4,850	4,620
Flemish	0	0	0	35	25	10
Frisian	0	0	0	50	30	15
German	0	0	0	11,795	5,690	6,110
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	315	160	160
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	2,000	915	1,090
Danish	0	0	0	590	285	310
Finnish	0	0	0	415	190	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	125	50	75
Norwegian	0	0	0	335	155	180
Swedish	0	0	0	580	250	330
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	14,450	6,940	7,510
Bulgarian	0	0	0	135	70	65
Byelorussian	0	0	0	60	20	45
Czech	0	0	0	525	240	285
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	205	80	120
Estonian	0	0	0	145	85	60
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,380	1,130	1,245
Latvian	0	0	0	180	80	100
Lithuanian	0	0	0	330	155	175
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	10	6,450	3,085	3,360
Romanian	0	0	0	680	305	380
Russian	0	0	0	910	405	505
Slovak	0	0	0	430	265	165
Ukrainian	0	0	0	4,200	2,075	2,125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Southern European origins	25	10	20	22,140	11,210	10,925
Albanian	0	0	0	130	75	50
Bosnian	0	0	0	250	120	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	2,380	1,195	1,185
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	955	520	430
Italian	25	10	15	13,015	6,685	6,325
Kosovar	0	0	0	30	0	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	380	235	145
Maltese	0	0	0	280	140	145
Montenegrin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,455	1,715	1,735
Serbian	0	0	0	1,320	700	620
Sicilian	0	0	0	110	35	75
Slovenian	0	0	0	445	190	260
Spanish	0	0	0	865	375	495
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	295	170	130
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	320	175	145
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	135	80	55
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	135	65	70
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	1,750	855	900
Antiguan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	180	90	90
Dominican	0	0	0	35	25	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,075	510	560
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	230	130	100
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	20	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	100	30	70
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,035	920	1,115
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	120	40	80
Chilean	0	0	0	125	45	80
Colombian	0	0	0	370	175	200
Costa Rican	0	0	0	20	0	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	185	95	85
Guyanese	0	0	0	290	130	160
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	40	10	30
Maya	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	210	75	130
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Salvadorean	0	0	0	285	135	150
Uruguayan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	130	65	65
African origins	0	0	0	2,020	1,000	1,015
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	550	285	260
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	165	85	75
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	40	30	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	180	85	95
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	0	30
North African origins	0	0	0	370	205	165
Algerian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	245	135	115
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	40	20	25
Sudanese	0	0	0	65	45	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	665	325	330
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	40	25	15
Ethiopian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	75	30	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	40	20	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	90	30	65
South African	0	0	0	210	115	100
Tanzanian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	65	30	35
Zulu	0	0	0	15	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Other African origins	0	0	0	550	245	300
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	450	205	245
Asian origins	25	20	0	11,770	5,665	6,105
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	15	0	3,910	1,975	1,930
Afghan	0	0	0	280	150	130
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	210	115	95
Armenian	0	0	0	110	60	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	510	245	265
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	315	115	200
Iraqi	0	0	0	645	350	285
Israeli	0	0	0	45	20	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	185	110	70
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	245	105	140
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	565	245	320
Palestinian	10	10	0	290	175	120
Pashtun	0	0	0	20	10	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	225	135	95
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	225	105	120
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	115	60	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	200	95	105
South Asian origins	0	0	0	4,500	2,180	2,315
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	3,255	1,615	1,640
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	15	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	875	410	465
Punjabi	0	0	0	235	100	135
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	0	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	135	60	75
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	330	160	170
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	10	10	3,555	1,585	1,970
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	200	95	105
Chinese	10	10	0	1,360	620	735
Filipino	0	0	0	985	425	565
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Japanese	0	0	0	205	70	130
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	220	100	125
Laotian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	35	0	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	630	330	300
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	145	75	75
Australian	0	0	0	75	35	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	30	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	35	15	25
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	795	...	...	38,115	...	...
Owner	665	...	...	34,145	...	...
Renter	130	...	...	3,970	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	795	...	...	38,110	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	4,780	...	...
Not condominium	780	...	...	33,330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	90	...	...	1,440	...	...
2 bedrooms	215	...	...	4,955	...	...
3 bedrooms	320	...	...	18,735	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	165	...	...	12,960	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	795	...	...	38,110	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	180	...	...	3,210	...	...
5 rooms	150	...	...	4,905	...	...
6 rooms	115	...	...	6,890	...	...
7 rooms	110	...	...	6,865	...	...
8 or more rooms	235	...	...	16,250	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	790	...	...	38,115	...	...
One person or fewer per room	795	...	...	37,735	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
Suitable	770	...	...	36,900	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
1960 or before	350	...	...	5,740	...	...
1961 to 1980	230	...	...	7,295	...	...
1981 to 1990	70	...	...	4,550	...	...
1991 to 2000	55	...	...	6,990	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...	3,690	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	4,445	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	5,400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	795	...	...	38,110	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	705	...	...	36,770	...	...
Major repairs needed	85	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	795	...	...	38,115	...	...
1 household maintainer	465	...	...	18,115	...	...
2 household maintainers	315	...	...	19,270	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	790	...	...	38,110	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	215	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	4,415	...	...
35 to 44 years	130	...	...	7,410	...	...
45 to 54 years	105	...	...	9,020	...	...
55 to 64 years	220	...	...	7,680	...	...
65 to 74 years	165	...	...	5,465	...	...
75 to 84 years	85	...	...	2,840	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	760	...	...	37,485	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	620	...	...	30,530	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	140	...	...	6,960	...	...
30% to less than 100%	130	...	...	6,260	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	635	...	...	33,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.6	...	...	64.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.3	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	732	...	...	1,546	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	830	...	...	1,584	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,376	...	...	460,002	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	189,779	...	...	523,096	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	130	...	...	3,945	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	16.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.3	...	...	37.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	515	...	...	1,083	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	521	...	...	1,142	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,480	775	705	88,430	43,150	45,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	280	170	110	14,140	7,245	6,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	335	165	175	24,235	11,865	12,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	865	445	420	50,060	24,035	26,020
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	410	260	150	6,735	5,110	1,630
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	265	145	125	2,795	1,770	1,025
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	140	115	25	3,945	3,340	600
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	270	105	165	22,770	9,870	12,900
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	30	40	1,745	810	935
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	115	50	65	18,805	8,250	10,555
Bachelor's degree	55	25	30	13,225	5,580	7,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	10	0	1,440	610	830
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	480	215	265
Master's degree	30	20	10	3,160	1,515	1,645
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	20	495	325	170
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	925	485	440	58,465	28,445	30,025
No certificate, diploma or degree	125	80	50	4,590	2,635	1,955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	195	90	100	14,290	7,185	7,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	605	315	295	39,585	18,625	20,960
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	290	185	105	4,775	3,605	1,170
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	190	105	85	1,925	1,190	735
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	95	80	20	2,850	2,410	440
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	185	70	115	18,170	7,925	10,240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	20	1,255	585	665
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	90	40	55	15,395	6,510	8,880
Bachelor's degree	45	20	20	10,815	4,485	6,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	1,165	470	695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	395	150	250
Master's degree	15	15	0	2,645	1,190	1,455
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	20	365	215	150
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,480	775	705	88,425	43,155	45,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	615	330	285	38,370	19,110	19,260
Education	60	10	45	3,480	870	2,605
13. Education	60	15	45	3,480	870	2,605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	15	1,700	795	905
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	335	235	95
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	1,365	555	810
Humanities	25	15	10	2,450	860	1,590
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	210	10	205
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	535	135	400
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	660	235	425
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	145	60	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	275	140	135
54. History	10	10	0	470	250	215
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	145	20	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	50	5,945	1,875	4,075
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	625	265	365
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	1,250	80	1,165
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	750	230	525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	120	20	100
42. Psychology	10	0	15	890	180	705
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	2,285	1,095	1,190
Business, management and public administration	135	45	85	9,590	3,685	5,905
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	805	115	685
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125	40	80	8,780	3,565	5,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	1,770	855	920
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	790	345	445
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	380	125	250
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	10	25
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	445	330	120
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	125	45	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	0	1,510	940	575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	1,090	705	385
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	0	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	280	195	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	35	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	245	240	10	11,450	10,715	735
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	565	455	115
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,755	1,545	215
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	50	50	0	2,765	2,475	290
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	50	0	2,275	2,235	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	55	0	2,730	2,700	25
48. Precision production	80	80	0	1,355	1,305	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	40	10	995	625	370
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	20	10	775	485	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	220	145	75
Health and related fields	155	15	145	7,895	1,215	6,680
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	815	355	465
51. Health professions and related programs	160	15	145	6,935	800	6,130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	150	65	90
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	45	50	3,245	1,605	1,645
12. Personal and culinary services	50	10	50	1,570	300	1,275
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	35	30	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	25	15	0	1,155	830	330
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	30	0	470	435	35
Other	0	0	0	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	930	485	445	58,465	28,445	30,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	320	170	150	18,875	9,815	9,060
Education	40	10	25	2,590	620	1,970
13. Education	35	10	25	2,595	625	1,970
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	1,255	605	655
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	235	175	60
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	10	1,025	430	590
Humanities	25	10	0	1,795	610	1,190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	0	145	0	140
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	390	85	300
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	485	175	305
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	100	35	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	185	85	95
54. History	10	10	0	375	200	175
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	115	10	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	50	0	40	4,830	1,515	3,315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	540	225	315
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	960	60	905
22. Legal professions and studies	0	10	0	645	185	465
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	100	20	80
42. Psychology	15	0	15	695	125	565
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,860	895	965
Business, management and public administration	75	25	50	7,880	2,985	4,890
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	630	80	555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	25	50	7,240	2,910	4,330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	1,415	650	765
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	615	255	360
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	310	110	200
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	0	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	345	235	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	120	40	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,315	850	470
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,025	675	350
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	0	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	190	135	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	160	155	0	8,830	8,170	660
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	460	370	90
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,380	1,175	200
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	35	0	2,215	1,945	270
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	1,670	1,625	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	40	0	2,140	2,125	15
48. Precision production	40	45	0	960	930	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	30	10	790	485	305
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	605	365	245
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	185	120	65
Health and related fields	110	10	95	6,315	925	5,385
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	660	275	380
51. Health professions and related programs	105	0	100	5,520	605	4,915
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	135	50	90
Personal, protective and transportation services	85	50	35	2,550	1,205	1,345
12. Personal and culinary services	35	0	35	1,200	175	1,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	965	680	285
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	355	330	25
Other	0	0	0	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,475	775	710	88,425	43,150	45,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	615	330	285	38,370	19,115	19,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	865	445	420	50,060	24,040	26,020
Location of study inside Canada	840	435	410	43,660	20,900	22,755
Same as province or territory of residence	835	430	405	41,800	20,075	21,725
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	1,860	825	1,035
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	10	6,400	3,140	3,265
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,405	590	820
Philippines	0	0	0	225	70	155
India	0	0	0	410	195	210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,000	580	420
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	80	40	40
France	15	10	10	45	25	15
Other	10	0	0	3,235	1,630	1,605
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	925	485	445	58,465	28,445	30,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	170	150	18,880	9,820	9,060
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	610	315	295	39,590	18,625	20,960
Location of study inside Canada	590	305	285	34,735	16,380	18,350
Same as province or territory of residence	585	305	280	33,345	15,755	17,595
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	1,390	630	755
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	10	4,855	2,245	2,610
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,130	430	700
Philippines	0	0	0	185	65	125
India	0	0	0	375	170	205
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	515	295	215
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	65	35	35
France	10	10	0	40	20	20
Other	0	0	0	2,545	1,230	1,315
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,480	770	705	88,425	43,155	45,275
In the labour force	845	435	405	61,250	31,730	29,520
Employed	785	405	385	58,360	30,205	28,155
Unemployed	60	30	20	2,885	1,520	1,360
Not in the labour force	635	335	300	27,180	11,420	15,760
Participation rate	57.1	56.5	57.4	69.3	73.5	65.2
Employment rate	53.0	52.6	54.6	66.0	70.0	62.2
Unemployment rate	7.1	6.9	4.9	4.7	4.8	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,480	775	705	88,425	43,150	45,275
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	595	290	305	24,905	10,340	14,565
Worked	885	485	400	63,520	32,810	30,710
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	425	225	195	35,110	20,070	15,040
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	460	260	205	28,410	12,740	15,670
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	41.4	45.8	43.8	44.3	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	845	440	405	61,250	31,730	29,520
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	775	375	405
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	825	430	395	60,470	31,355	29,110
Employee	670	340	330	52,670	26,365	26,310
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	160	90	65	7,800	4,990	2,800
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	845	440	405	61,250	31,730	29,520
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	10	780	370	405
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	825	430	395	60,470	31,360	29,110
0 Management occupations	70	45	25	7,930	5,115	2,815
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	75	20	55	9,255	2,495	6,760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	25	10	3,560	2,835	725
3 Health occupations	65	0	60	4,510	675	3,840
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	110	20	90	7,360	2,325	5,035
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10	1,430	595	830
6 Sales and service occupations	165	55	110	12,745	5,070	7,680
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	200	185	15	9,405	8,965	435
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	15	15	1,640	1,235	405
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	50	0	2,645	2,050	590
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	845	435	405	61,250	31,730	29,520
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	10	780	370	405
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	825	430	395	60,470	31,360	29,115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	50	40	1,450	885	565
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	85	75	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	395	310	85
23 Construction	95	80	10	5,610	4,750	860
31-33 Manufacturing	115	105	10	6,835	5,175	1,660
41 Wholesale trade	30	25	0	2,860	1,875	985
44-45 Retail trade	45	20	25	6,720	2,980	3,740
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	60	45	15	2,640	1,970	670
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	965	555	410
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	2,800	1,130	1,670
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	980	555	425
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	30	10	20	3,900	2,115	1,785
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	130	50	80
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	30	15	2,905	1,800	1,100
61 Educational services	50	15	35	5,195	1,390	3,805
62 Health care and social assistance	135	10	120	6,990	955	6,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10	1,100	570	530
72 Accommodation and food services	35	10	30	3,105	1,225	1,875
81 Other services (except public administration)	30	0	25	2,675	1,215	1,465
91 Public administration	20	0	15	3,130	1,760	1,370
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	785	400	385	58,360	30,205	28,155
Worked at home	130	60	65	4,720	2,250	2,470
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	220	175	45
No fixed workplace address	105	90	20	7,025	5,325	1,700
Worked at usual place	550	255	300	46,400	22,460	23,945
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	550	250	300	46,400	22,455	23,945
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	70	25	45	26,400	11,475	14,925
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	135	60	75	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	350	160	185	19,930	10,945	8,985
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	70	35	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	655	340	315	53,425	27,780	25,640
Car, truck, van - as a driver	595	310	280	46,800	24,735	22,070
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	30	10	20	3,020	1,400	1,625
Public transit	0	0	0	1,985	905	1,080
Walked	15	10	10	1,100	470	635
Bicycle	0	0	0	120	100	15
Other method	10	10	0	400	180	220
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	655	340	315	53,425	27,785	25,640
Less than 15 minutes	95	40	55	9,605	4,460	5,150
15 to 29 minutes	185	70	115	19,555	9,150	10,405
30 to 44 minutes	270	165	105	12,315	6,690	5,630
45 to 59 minutes	75	45	30	5,495	3,260	2,235
60 minutes and over	40	25	10	6,460	4,230	2,225
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	655	340	315	53,425	27,780	25,645
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	40	10	4,360	3,465	895
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	140	115	25	10,385	6,635	3,750
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	160	60	100	14,950	7,305	7,650
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	115	45	75	10,960	4,275	6,690
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	20	40	5,010	1,795	3,215
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	130	65	65	7,760	4,315	3,445
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	905	495	410	65,235	33,620	31,615
Single responses	845	470	375	64,770	33,405	31,365
Official languages	845	470	370	64,585	33,320	31,260
English	30	20	15	64,270	33,240	31,030
French	810	455	360	315	85	230
Non-official languages	0	0	0	185	80	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	185	80	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	20	35	470	210	250
English and French	55	25	35	165	45	120
English and non-official language	0	0	0	300	175	130
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	905	490	410	65,235	33,620	31,615
None	740	415	325	63,225	32,755	30,470
English	160	75	85	280	75	200
French	10	10	0	640	235	410
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,055	535	515
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,055	535	515
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,710	915	795	108,700	53,720	54,975
Non-movers	1,595	845	745	98,075	48,560	49,515
Movers	120	70	50	10,620	5,155	5,465
Non-migrants	35	20	15	6,495	3,150	3,345
Migrants	85	50	35	4,130	2,010	2,115
Internal migrants	90	55	35	3,785	1,850	1,940
Intraprovincial migrants	85	55	40	3,600	1,755	1,845
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	185	100	95
External migrants	0	0	0	335	160	175
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,670	880	790	103,020	50,870	52,150
Non-movers	1,210	640	575	68,090	33,680	34,410
Movers	455	245	215	34,930	17,195	17,735
Non-migrants	90	40	55	20,835	10,310	10,520
Migrants	365	200	160	14,100	6,885	7,215
Internal migrants	355	195	160	12,795	6,250	6,550
Intraprovincial migrants	355	195	160	12,100	5,910	6,190
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	695	340	355
External migrants	10	0	0	1,305	630	670

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Dudswell, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Flamborough--Glanbrook [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 11, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dudswell, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Flamborough--Glanbrook [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Dudswell, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Flamborough--Glanbrook [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dudswell, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Flamborough--Glanbrook [Federal electoral district], Ontario