Census Profile, 2016 Census
Potton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Coast [Economic region], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Potton, CT Quebec [Census subdivision]			North Coast British Columbia [Economic region]
	Data quality , Potton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Potton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : North Coast [Economic region], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,852	...	...	55,500	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,849	...	...	56,145	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.2	...	...	-1.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,068	...	...	25,833	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	897	...	...	22,235	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.1	...	...	0.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	260.96	...	...	124,240.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,850	960	895	55,500	28,300	27,205
0 to 14 years	205	105	100	10,170	5,160	5,010
0 to 4 years	55	25	30	3,215	1,600	1,620
5 to 9 years	90	45	40	3,540	1,795	1,745
10 to 14 years	60	35	25	3,415	1,770	1,640
15 to 64 years	1,020	525	495	37,075	19,015	18,055
15 to 19 years	70	45	25	3,430	1,770	1,655
20 to 24 years	60	35	20	3,270	1,780	1,495
25 to 29 years	50	20	25	3,515	1,800	1,710
30 to 34 years	55	25	35	3,485	1,750	1,735
35 to 39 years	80	45	35	3,180	1,600	1,580
40 to 44 years	95	40	50	3,490	1,715	1,775
45 to 49 years	95	50	50	3,880	1,915	1,965
50 to 54 years	125	65	60	4,375	2,250	2,120
55 to 59 years	195	95	95	4,515	2,350	2,165
60 to 64 years	200	105	100	3,935	2,085	1,850
65 years and over	630	325	300	8,255	4,120	4,135
65 to 69 years	245	115	130	3,100	1,585	1,515
70 to 74 years	185	110	85	2,175	1,110	1,060
75 to 79 years	95	55	40	1,365	710	660
80 to 84 years	55	30	25	885	405	480
85 years and over	45	15	30	730	300	430
85 to 89 years	30	10	15	500	220	280
90 to 94 years	10	5	10	190	70	120
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	35	10	20
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.1	10.9	11.2	18.3	18.2	18.4
15 to 64 years	55.1	54.7	55.3	66.8	67.2	66.4
65 years and over	34.1	33.9	33.5	14.9	14.6	15.2
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.4	1.3	1.1	1.6
Average age of the population	51.2	51.2	51.3	40.0	39.8	40.1
Median age of the population	57.5	57.5	57.4	41.0	40.8	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
Single-detached house	800	...	...	15,600	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	35	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	100	...	...	5,525	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	1,175	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	1,245	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	1,105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	40	...	...	1,870	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	125	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	1,080	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
1 person	300	...	...	6,245	...	...
2 persons	405	...	...	7,710	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	3,430	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	2,835	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	2,015	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,835	...	...	54,835	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,645	855	790	45,325	23,135	22,190
Married or living common law	1,040	515	520	25,835	12,920	12,920
Married	695	345	350	18,730	9,385	9,345
Living common law	345	170	170	7,105	3,540	3,570
Not married and not living common law	605	335	275	19,490	10,215	9,280
Never married	345	205	135	13,040	7,665	5,375
Separated	20	15	5	1,435	700	735
Divorced	125	75	55	2,565	1,235	1,330
Widowed	115	40	75	2,450	610	1,835
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	570	...	...	15,845	...	...
2 persons	400	...	...	8,455	...	...
3 persons	70	...	...	3,425	...	...
4 persons	70	...	...	2,645	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	1,315	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	570	...	...	15,845	...	...
Total couple families	505	...	...	12,650	...	...
Married couples	335	...	...	9,095	...	...
Common-law couples	170	...	...	3,550	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	65	...	...	3,195	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	2,250	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	505	...	...	12,650	...	...
Couples without children	365	...	...	6,500	...	...
Couples with children	140	...	...	6,145	...	...
1 child	55	...	...	2,575	...	...
2 children	60	...	...	2,355	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	1,215	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	3,195	...	...
1 child	40	...	...	1,955	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	855	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	395	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	395	220	175	9,860	5,465	4,400
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
One-census-family households	560	...	...	14,495	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	360	...	...	6,095	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	195	...	...	8,400	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	655	...	...
Non-census-family households	330	...	...	7,085	...	...
One-person households	305	...	...	6,245	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	845	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,845	955	895	55,085	28,120	26,960
English only	330	175	155	51,780	26,575	25,205
French only	300	145	155	45	15	30
English and French	1,220	635	585	3,010	1,435	1,575
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	250	95	155
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,845	955	890	55,085	28,120	26,965
English	830	410	420	53,905	27,535	26,375
French	990	530	460	870	465	405
English and French	25	10	15	65	30	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	240	90	150
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	840	420	425	900	480	420
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	45.5	44.0	47.8	1.6	1.7	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,850	955	890	55,085	28,120	26,960
Single responses	1,805	940	870	54,260	27,715	26,545
Official languages	1,700	880	815	47,840	24,605	23,235
English	740	370	370	46,910	24,110	22,805
French	960	510	445	930	495	430
Non-official languages	110	60	50	6,420	3,105	3,315
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,600	785	810
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	190	85	100
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	190	85	100
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	85	45	40
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	70	35	40
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	50	20	35
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,230	625	610
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	750	385	365
Nisga'a	0	0	0	325	170	155
Tsimshian	0	0	0	155	70	85
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	90	35	55
Haisla	0	0	0	80	35	45
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	0	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	55	55	4,825	2,320	2,505
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	335	155	180
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	335	155	180
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	390	140	250
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	330	120	210
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	55	45	3,485	1,725	1,760
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	305	135	165
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	25	300	135	165
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	5	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	15	80	35	45
Russian	0	0	5	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	50	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	15	1,105	570	530
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	50	40
Danish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Dutch	5	0	5	160	75	90
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	30	15	10	720	375	335
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	25	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	640	330	310
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	620	325	300
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	530	270	260
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	15	5	1,400	660	735
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	265	140	125
Portuguese	0	0	0	940	450	490
Romanian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Spanish	5	5	0	175	60	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	65	30	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	20	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	240	110	135
Chinese languages	0	0	5	240	105	135
Cantonese	0	0	0	130	65	65
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	5	0	0	70	30	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	110	60	50
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	5	0	0	60	35	30
Hungarian	5	0	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20	825	415	410
English and French	35	20	20	140	65	75
English and non-official language	5	0	5	660	330	330
French and non-official language	5	5	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,850	955	890	55,085	28,120	26,960
Single responses	1,795	930	860	53,920	27,560	26,370
Official languages	1,760	920	845	51,765	26,530	25,235
English	835	430	405	51,385	26,350	25,035
French	925	490	435	380	185	200
Non-official languages	30	15	15	2,160	1,030	1,130
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	435	230	210
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	385	205	175
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	295	150	145
Nisga'a	0	0	0	65	40	25
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	15	15	1,720	800	925
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	260	125	135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	260	130	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	130	60	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	1,055	470	585
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	75	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	150	70	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	20	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	90	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	370	175	190
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	360	170	185
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	320	150	165
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	450	190	260
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	315	130	185
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	5	75	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	135	60	75
Chinese languages	0	0	0	135	65	75
Cantonese	0	0	0	75	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	25	30	1,160	570	595
English and French	40	15	25	75	45	30
English and non-official language	5	5	0	1,065	510	560
French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,845	955	895	55,085	28,125	26,965
None	1,465	755	710	50,230	25,745	24,480
English	160	90	65	1,125	535	585
French	175	75	100	495	245	250
Non-official language	40	25	10	3,175	1,565	1,615
Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,585	800	790
Non-Aboriginal	35	20	15	1,590	760	830
English and French	5	5	0	0	5	5
English and non-official language	5	5	5	10	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	5	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,630	845	785	44,690	22,820	21,870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,610	830	780	42,935	22,015	20,920
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,731	29,547	25,557	33,018	40,653	27,571
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,605	830	780	42,990	22,050	20,940
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,318	27,296	23,403	30,174	35,932	25,864
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,430	755	670	37,260	19,470	17,795
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,664	25,376	19,456	31,880	40,248	25,939
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,345	690	655	31,160	14,720	16,440
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,656	9,904	11,029	6,693	6,638	6,717
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,010	565	450	32,855	17,525	15,330
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,541	19,520	19,584	31,969	40,439	26,728
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,600	825	775	44,675	22,775	21,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,580	815	765	42,885	21,925	20,960
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,906	39,529	29,999	43,625	52,250	34,603
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,585	815	770	42,940	21,955	20,985
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,369	32,740	25,791	36,803	42,820	30,508
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,440	760	675	37,145	19,380	17,765
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,869	33,494	23,655	43,322	52,799	32,982
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,325	695	625	31,040	14,580	16,460
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,422	9,672	11,253	8,431	8,390	8,467
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	985	560	420	32,840	17,515	15,325
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,828	28,183	27,359	43,060	52,036	32,803
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,600	825	775	44,680	22,770	21,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	395	235	170	12,730	7,185	5,545
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	33,381	32,349	33,902	55,437	67,277	44,661
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	39,337	38,691	40,223	64,696	75,140	51,172
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.3	80.8	71.9	86.2	89.4	81.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	48.5	49.0	48.2	75.4	79.0	69.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.8	19.2	27.7	13.8	10.6	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,630	845	785	44,695	22,820	21,870
Without total income	25	15	15	1,755	805	955
With total income	1,610	830	775	42,940	22,015	20,920
Percentage with total income	98.8	98.2	98.7	96.1	96.5	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210	95	110	7,080	3,330	3,755
$10,000 to $19,999	350	165	185	7,055	2,995	4,065
$20,000 to $29,999	305	160	150	5,775	2,440	3,340
$30,000 to $39,999	235	115	120	4,905	2,115	2,790
$40,000 to $49,999	175	80	90	4,070	1,865	2,205
$50,000 to $59,999	115	70	45	3,195	1,655	1,535
$60,000 to $69,999	60	40	25	2,495	1,525	970
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	10	1,870	1,175	695
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	1,545	995	550
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	5	1,345	990	360
$100,000 and over	65	50	20	3,595	2,935	665
$100,000 to $149,999	40	30	15	2,720	2,190	530
$150,000 and over	25	20	5	875	745	135
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,630	845	790	44,690	22,820	21,875
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	1,700	775	930
With after-tax income	1,610	830	775	42,990	22,045	20,945
Percentage with after-tax income	98.8	98.2	98.1	96.2	96.6	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	220	100	120	7,290	3,440	3,850
$10,000 to $19,999	370	175	195	7,350	3,170	4,185
$20,000 to $29,999	370	190	175	6,745	2,900	3,845
$30,000 to $39,999	270	125	140	5,650	2,495	3,155
$40,000 to $49,999	170	100	75	4,590	2,280	2,310
$50,000 to $59,999	80	50	35	3,330	1,955	1,375
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	15	2,330	1,475	855
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	5	2,030	1,425	605
$80,000 and over	60	40	15	3,670	2,910	755
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	1,350	1,010	340
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	795	630	165
$100,000 and over	35	25	5	1,520	1,270	250
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,630	840	785	44,695	22,820	21,870
Without employment income	620	280	340	11,840	5,295	6,540
With employment income	1,015	560	450	32,860	17,530	15,330
Percentage with employment income	62.3	66.7	57.3	73.5	76.8	70.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	240	140	100	5,325	2,760	2,565
$5,000 to $9,999	85	45	45	2,525	1,130	1,405
$10,000 to $19,999	190	105	80	4,180	1,915	2,265
$20,000 to $29,999	140	70	75	3,695	1,545	2,155
$30,000 to $39,999	110	60	50	3,315	1,370	1,950
$40,000 to $49,999	75	45	30	2,705	1,180	1,525
$50,000 to $59,999	50	30	25	2,275	1,195	1,080
$60,000 to $69,999	35	25	10	1,805	1,150	650
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	10	1,510	985	525
$80,000 and over	65	45	25	5,515	4,305	1,210
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	1,340	895	450
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,160	850	310
$100,000 and over	35	25	10	3,015	2,565	455
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,096	...	...	69,551	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,560	...	...	61,025	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	305	...	...	6,245	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,712	...	...	35,962	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,664	...	...	32,023	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	590	...	...	15,995	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,384	...	...	86,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,728	...	...	76,025	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,656	...	...	84,143	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,876	...	...	71,073	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	310	...	...	6,255	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,748	...	...	46,821	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,258	...	...	39,421	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	590	...	...	15,980	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,548	...	...	98,741	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,976	...	...	83,453	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	455	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	310	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	645	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	1,035	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	885	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	980	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	955	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	925	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	895	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...	1,645	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	1,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	55	...	...	1,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	1,320	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	1,175	...	...
$100,000 and over	155	...	...	7,130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	2,385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	1,770	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	1,875	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	1,100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	465	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	975	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	1,170	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	1,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	1,155	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	1,110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	1,060	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	1,025	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	1,965	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	80	...	...	1,730	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	1,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	1,485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	1,205	...	...
$100,000 and over	90	...	...	5,260	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	45	...	...	2,390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	1,380	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	1,485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	575	...	...	15,425	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,341	...	...	85,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,472	...	...	75,352	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	355	...	...	5,895	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,104	...	...	83,692	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,912	...	...	72,665	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	145	...	...	6,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,627	...	...	109,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	72,448	...	...	94,487	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	2,760	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,872	...	...	46,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,880	...	...	43,278	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	565	...	...	15,435	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,392	...	...	97,901	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,831	...	...	82,691	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	355	...	...	5,910	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,960	...	...	94,376	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,430	...	...	79,335	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	145	...	...	6,165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,743	...	...	120,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,212	...	...	100,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	2,820	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,231	...	...	57,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,037	...	...	50,604	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	370	205	160	8,160	4,575	3,585
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,504	25,877	24,576	33,869	36,320	31,360
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,205	24,896	23,488	30,545	32,306	28,576
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	360	220	135	8,125	4,595	3,530
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,564	27,774	29,814	44,277	48,377	38,936
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	23,981	22,190	26,818	37,406	40,042	33,972
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,835	950	890	54,835	27,970	26,865
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,270	650	620	28,680	14,320	14,360
In the bottom decile	185	105	85	7,530	3,905	3,625
In the second decile	285	140	145	6,140	2,980	3,160
In the third decile	290	150	145	5,100	2,495	2,605
In the fourth decile	280	135	145	4,920	2,430	2,495
In the fifth decile	230	120	110	4,990	2,510	2,475
In the top half of the distribution	565	295	270	26,150	13,645	12,505
In the sixth decile	180	95	85	5,075	2,605	2,470
In the seventh decile	115	65	50	5,000	2,530	2,465
In the eighth decile	90	45	45	5,475	2,860	2,615
In the ninth decile	80	40	40	5,675	2,975	2,695
In the top decile	100	55	50	4,925	2,670	2,260
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,840	950	885	44,795	22,720	22,075
0 to 17 years	245	135	115	9,515	4,830	4,685
0 to 5 years	80	35	40	3,045	1,525	1,520
18 to 64 years	965	490	470	28,530	14,505	14,025
65 years and over	620	320	295	6,745	3,380	3,365
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	320	170	150	6,505	3,180	3,330
0 to 17 years	55	30	25	1,950	995	955
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	650	315	340
18 to 64 years	165	95	75	3,575	1,745	1,830
65 years and over	100	45	50	980	440	540
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.4	17.9	16.9	14.5	14.0	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	22.4	22.2	21.7	20.5	20.6	20.4
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	14.3	12.5	21.3	20.7	22.4
18 to 64 years (%)	17.1	19.4	16.0	12.5	12.0	13.0
65 years and over (%)	16.1	14.1	16.9	14.5	13.0	16.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	105	65	40	2,675	1,400	1,275
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	695	365	335
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	215	105	105
18 to 64 years	80	55	30	1,860	975	885
65 years and over	15	5	10	115	60	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	6.8	4.5	6.0	6.2	5.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	7.4	4.3	7.3	7.6	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.1	6.9	6.9
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	11.2	6.4	6.5	6.7	6.3
65 years and over (%)	2.4	1.6	3.4	1.7	1.8	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,840	945	890	54,835	27,965	26,865
Official languages	1,840	945	895	54,595	27,905	26,690
English	1,505	800	715	54,530	27,870	26,655
French	1,575	795	775	3,030	1,490	1,540
Non-official languages	195	110	85	9,500	4,560	4,940
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	3,310	1,635	1,675
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	60	35	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	45	35	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	440	220	225
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	440	220	220
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	150	85	70
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	60	20	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	230	115	115
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	230	115	115
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	350	145	205
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,315	1,165	1,150
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,090	550	545
Nisga'a	0	0	0	935	500	440
Tsimshian	0	0	0	325	135	190
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	155	65	85
Haisla	0	0	0	145	60	80
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	105	75	6,210	2,935	3,270
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	55	40	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	40	25	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	35	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	400	180	225
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	400	180	220
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	465	165	300
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	395	135	265
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	20
Creole languages	10	0	0	30	10	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	35	15
Tamil	0	0	0	40	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	170	100	70	4,495	2,200	2,290
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	25	315	145	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	55	30	25	310	140	170
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Czech	0	0	0	45	25	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	25	65	25	40
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	20	1,330	630	700
Afrikaans	0	0	0	110	55	60
Danish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dutch	0	0	0	105	50	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	20	1,010	500	515
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	15	45
Swedish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	35	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	820	420	400
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	775	400	375
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	235	100	140
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	590	325	260
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	50	20	2,070	1,020	1,050
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	355	215	140
Portuguese	10	10	0	1,120	540	585
Romanian	10	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	70	45	20	605	260	345
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	105	40	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	80	40	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	125	50	70
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	15	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	335	150	185
Chinese languages	0	0	0	335	150	185
Cantonese	0	0	0	245	110	135
Hakka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	10	0	0	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	95	45	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Hungarian	10	0	0	30	10	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,840	945	890	54,835	27,965	26,870
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,765	910	855	53,130	27,150	25,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260	130	130	12,050	6,155	5,890
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,505	780	725	41,080	20,990	20,090
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	70	35	35	1,705	820	890
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,835	945	890	54,835	27,965	26,865
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,570	805	760	48,830	25,080	23,755
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	265	135	130	5,680	2,725	2,960
Before 1981	195	110	90	3,235	1,625	1,610
1981 to 1990	20	15	10	695	325	365
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	575	230	340
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	725	300	420
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	220	75	145
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	500	225	275
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	10	15	455	235	220
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	10	0	325	165	160
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	265	135	130	5,680	2,725	2,960
Under 5 years	40	25	15	690	345	350
5 to 14 years	50	25	25	1,090	625	465
15 to 24 years	65	30	35	1,550	705	845
25 to 44 years	85	45	40	1,990	890	1,095
45 years and over	15	10	10	360	155	205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	265	135	130	5,680	2,720	2,960
Americas	75	50	30	790	370	425
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	10	15
Mexico	0	0	0	40	10	35
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	45	30	590	280	300
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	95	50	40
Europe	180	85	95	2,930	1,505	1,425
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	40	30	10
France	65	35	30	30	15	15
Germany	15	10	10	435	230	210
Greece	0	0	0	15	20	0
Hungary	10	0	0	15	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Italy	0	0	0	205	120	85
Netherlands	10	0	0	105	60	40
Poland	25	10	15	65	25	40
Portugal	0	0	0	765	390	375
Romania	0	0	0	20	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	10	810	380	435
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	340	175	165
Africa	10	10	0	215	110	110
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	25	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	110	50	65
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	50	35	20
Asia	0	0	10	1,620	690	930
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	155	55	100
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	75	35	40
India	0	0	0	495	255	240
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	45	10	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	70	35	30
Philippines	0	0	0	365	125	235
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	250	105	140
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	95	35	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	125	50	75
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	10	15	455	235	225
Americas	0	0	0	60	50	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	45	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	20	10	10	55	25	25
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	15	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	0	0	10	260	105	155
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	35	0	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	75	45	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	75	35	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,835	945	890	54,835	27,965	26,865
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	285	150	140	6,210	2,995	3,215
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	140	110	35	8,430	4,345	4,080
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,405	695	710	40,200	20,625	19,570
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	70	25	45	2,575	1,165	1,410
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	45	25	15	1,075	565	505
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	20	0	470	285	180
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	25	10	20	600	280	325
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	0	15	1,255	420	825
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	10	225	170	60
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,835	945	890	54,835	27,965	26,870
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	25	15	0	21,305	10,660	10,645
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	20	10	20,980	10,530	10,450
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	19,245	9,675	9,570
Métis	20	10	0	1,685	835	850
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	165	75	85
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	160	55	110
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,810	925	885	33,530	17,310	16,220
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,835	945	890	54,835	27,965	26,865
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	18,185	9,125	9,055
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,825	935	890	36,645	18,840	17,810
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,835	945	895	54,835	27,965	26,865
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	13,485	6,830	6,655
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	10	13,380	6,780	6,605
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	10	13,120	6,625	6,490
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	245	135	105
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	100	55	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	90	45	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	65	50	15	7,045	3,535	3,510
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	60	45	15	6,860	3,475	3,385
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	40	10	5,660	2,840	2,820
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	1,120	590	535
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	80	40	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	180	55	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	175	55	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,765	895	870	34,310	17,605	16,705
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,835	945	890	54,830	27,970	26,865
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	0	0	3,355	1,590	1,765
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,000	520	475
Chinese	0	0	0	430	200	230
Black	0	0	0	285	135	145
Filipino	0	0	0	575	235	340
Latin American	0	0	0	165	70	95
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	480	205	270
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Korean	0	0	0	80	45	35
Japanese	0	0	0	160	90	75
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	95	55	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,830	945	885	51,480	26,375	25,100
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,835	945	895	54,835	27,970	26,865
North American Aboriginal origins	70	50	20	20,525	10,360	10,160
First Nations (North American Indian)	60	45	15	19,060	9,580	9,480
Inuit	0	0	0	115	70	45
Métis	15	10	10	1,630	825	805
Other North American origins	1,085	570	515	12,695	6,545	6,155
Acadian	10	0	10	80	50	35
American	45	30	15	780	410	370
Canadian	1,070	560	510	12,025	6,200	5,835
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,065	560	505	32,480	16,620	15,860
British Isles origins	515	245	270	20,625	10,430	10,195
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	245	110	140	11,875	6,000	5,880
Irish	220	90	130	7,155	3,460	3,695
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	130	70	55	9,225	4,625	4,600
Welsh	20	0	20	1,105	530	575
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	35	30	10	1,310	660	650
French origins	455	255	200	5,695	2,860	2,840
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	460	255	200	5,700	2,860	2,840
Western European origins (except French origins)	130	65	60	9,720	4,945	4,780
Austrian	0	10	0	345	150	200
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	25	10	15	175	90	80
Dutch	10	0	0	2,165	1,125	1,045
Flemish	0	0	0	25	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	85	50	35	7,275	3,680	3,590
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	10	490	275	215
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	0	5,000	2,495	2,505
Danish	0	0	0	690	345	340
Finnish	10	0	10	510	245	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	310	165	140
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,450	1,285	1,165
Swedish	0	0	0	1,420	660	755
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	165	85	80
Eastern European origins	115	60	55	5,035	2,560	2,480
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	165	70	95
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	10	120	70	55
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	10	0	0	480	250	225
Latvian	0	0	0	65	20	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	35	35	1,290	605	690
Romanian	0	10	0	170	105	65
Russian	10	10	0	835	455	380
Slovak	0	0	0	150	75	75
Ukrainian	10	10	0	2,380	1,215	1,165
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern European origins	50	35	10	5,195	2,630	2,570
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	160	70	90
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	225	95	130
Italian	30	20	0	1,965	1,030	935
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,420	1,225	1,195
Serbian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovenian	10	10	0	45	15	25
Spanish	0	0	0	365	170	195
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	85	55	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	10	370	175	195
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	95	60	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	10	260	110	155
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	175	75	100
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	110	45	65
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	10	0	345	160	185
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	20	0	15
Colombian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	150	60	90
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	25	15	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	0	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	10	0
African origins	10	0	15	380	215	165
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	25	20	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	15	0	15	35	20	15
Algerian	15	0	15	15	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	110	50	60
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	65	20	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	215	125	85
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	175	100	80
Asian origins	10	0	10	3,280	1,540	1,740
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	170	55	110
Afghan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	50	10	35
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,035	525	510
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	930	470	465
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	35	30	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	55	25	30
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	0	0	2,105	960	1,145
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	25	10
Chinese	0	0	0	675	315	360
Filipino	0	0	0	610	260	345
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	55	30	20
Japanese	0	0	0	275	155	125
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	50	40
Laotian	0	0	10	0	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	475	210	260
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	270	135	135
Australian	0	0	0	90	50	45
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	10	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	140	75	60
Fijian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	55	35	15
Maori	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
Owner	750	...	...	15,760	...	...
Renter	150	...	...	6,090	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	885	...	...
Not condominium	880	...	...	21,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	95	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...	1,810	...	...
2 bedrooms	260	...	...	4,750	...	...
3 bedrooms	365	...	...	8,465	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	210	...	...	7,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	180	...	...	4,600	...	...
5 rooms	135	...	...	3,985	...	...
6 rooms	190	...	...	3,745	...	...
7 rooms	155	...	...	3,040	...	...
8 or more rooms	230	...	...	6,860	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
One person or fewer per room	900	...	...	21,855	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
Suitable	875	...	...	21,145	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
1960 or before	295	...	...	4,805	...	...
1961 to 1980	230	...	...	8,905	...	...
1981 to 1990	115	...	...	3,680	...	...
1991 to 2000	105	...	...	3,005	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	560	...	...
2006 to 2010	35	...	...	635	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	50	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	895	...	...	22,235	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	820	...	...	18,505	...	...
Major repairs needed	80	...	...	3,730	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
1 household maintainer	635	...	...	13,720	...	...
2 household maintainers	250	...	...	7,735	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	900	...	...	22,235	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	730	...	...
25 to 34 years	55	...	...	3,105	...	...
35 to 44 years	85	...	...	3,335	...	...
45 to 54 years	105	...	...	4,745	...	...
55 to 64 years	225	...	...	4,995	...	...
65 to 74 years	255	...	...	3,305	...	...
75 to 84 years	110	...	...	1,625	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	875	...	...	18,755	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	715	...	...	15,695	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	155	...	...	3,055	...	...
30% to less than 100%	125	...	...	2,735	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	730	...	...	13,315	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	40.1	...	...	55.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.9	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	545	...	...	823	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	720	...	...	988	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	235,200	...	...	275,026	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	284,945	...	...	292,849	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	145	...	...	5,465	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	14.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	26.7	...	...	31.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	548	...	...	838	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	561	...	...	885	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,600	820	775	44,680	22,775	21,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	190	95	11,885	6,250	5,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	415	145	265	12,815	6,175	6,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	900	485	415	19,980	10,350	9,630
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	255	165	90	5,570	4,395	1,175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	140	85	55	2,425	1,590	840
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	110	80	30	3,145	2,810	335
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	240	115	125	8,185	3,475	4,705
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	25	1,145	375	765
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	360	185	170	5,085	2,100	2,990
Bachelor's degree	190	90	100	3,480	1,475	2,000
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	30	35	380	110	265
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	145	70	80
Master's degree	70	40	25	970	390	580
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	20	15	115	55	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	885	460	425	30,130	15,395	14,735
No certificate, diploma or degree	135	90	50	6,080	3,370	2,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	235	80	155	8,555	4,090	4,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510	285	225	15,495	7,940	7,555
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	175	115	55	3,995	3,230	770
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	70	45	1,715	1,140	580
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	60	45	10	2,280	2,090	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	125	70	65	6,400	2,750	3,650
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	15	875	285	595
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	195	100	95	4,220	1,685	2,540
Bachelor's degree	120	60	55	2,920	1,200	1,720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	300	90	215
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	125	60	70
Master's degree	45	25	25	780	295	485
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	95	40	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,600	820	775	44,675	22,775	21,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	700	340	360	24,695	12,425	12,275
Education	80	10	65	1,540	350	1,190
13. Education	75	10	70	1,540	350	1,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	35	10	400	185	215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	65	40	30
50. Visual and performing arts	35	30	15	330	145	190
Humanities	50	0	45	735	310	420
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	10	40	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	175	55	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	215	60	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	140	90	50
54. History	0	0	10	110	65	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	85	40	50	1,675	510	1,165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	75	15	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	85	25	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	535	30	510
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15	150	55	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	25
42. Psychology	10	10	10	245	90	155
45. Social sciences	30	15	15	560	285	275
Business, management and public administration	170	80	90	3,160	795	2,360
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	555	100	450
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	165	85	85	2,610	695	1,910
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	15	460	240	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	235	115	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	85	50	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	110	55	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	25	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	30	10	265	140	125
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	30	10	195	120	70
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	195	180	15	5,700	5,305	395
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	45	40	10
14. Engineering	20	15	0	355	315	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	20	0	855	740	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	60	0	1,915	1,800	115
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	45	0	1,695	1,605	90
48. Precision production	35	25	10	835	805	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	30	0	985	680	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	220	95	125
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	760	590	175
Health and related fields	95	25	70	2,885	530	2,360
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	0	165	75	90
51. Health professions and related programs	75	10	70	2,700	435	2,260
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	30	40	2,185	1,310	875
12. Personal and culinary services	45	10	30	1,090	335	755
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	25	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	240	215	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	10	10	835	735	95
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	885	465	425	30,135	15,400	14,735
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	380	175	200	14,640	7,455	7,175
Education	30	0	25	1,150	225	925
13. Education	25	0	30	1,150	225	925
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	20	0	305	140	170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	55	35	15
50. Visual and performing arts	20	15	0	255	105	150
Humanities	15	0	15	575	225	350
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	130	35	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	185	50	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	35	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	90	60	20
54. History	0	0	0	85	50	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	15	25	1,380	410	970
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	15	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	80	25	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	440	20	425
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	120	35	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	190	70	120
45. Social sciences	20	10	15	480	240	230
Business, management and public administration	85	40	45	2,595	670	1,935
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	480	90	390
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80	40	40	2,120	580	1,540
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	385	185	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	205	95	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	70	35	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	80	40	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	0	235	130	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	175	115	60
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	10	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	135	115	15	4,160	3,870	285
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	40	35	10
14. Engineering	10	10	0	270	240	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	0	595	520	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	1,460	1,375	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	10	1,270	1,200	70
48. Precision production	30	20	10	520	500	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	20	0	845	570	275
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	190	75	115
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	655	495	160
Health and related fields	65	15	50	2,180	450	1,735
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	150	70	85
51. Health professions and related programs	50	0	45	2,015	370	1,650
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	60	30	30	1,680	1,070	610
12. Personal and culinary services	30	10	20	810	285	525
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	15	0	215	190	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	10	640	580	60
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,600	825	775	44,675	22,770	21,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	700	340	360	24,700	12,425	12,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	900	485	415	19,980	10,350	9,630
Location of study inside Canada	815	440	370	18,165	9,455	8,710
Same as province or territory of residence	760	405	355	14,700	7,655	7,040
Different than province or territory of residence	50	35	15	3,460	1,800	1,665
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	85	45	45	1,820	895	925
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	10	415	220	195
Philippines	0	0	0	205	80	130
India	0	0	0	175	85	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	280	155	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	20
France	15	10	10	10	0	0
Other	50	20	30	720	360	355
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	885	460	425	30,130	15,400	14,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	380	180	200	14,635	7,455	7,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	510	290	220	15,495	7,940	7,550
Location of study inside Canada	485	280	210	14,280	7,405	6,875
Same as province or territory of residence	465	265	200	11,470	5,905	5,565
Different than province or territory of residence	20	10	10	2,810	1,500	1,310
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	15	1,215	535	675
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	260	125	130
Philippines	0	0	0	175	60	110
India	0	0	0	135	60	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	135	55	80
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other	10	0	10	495	230	265
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,600	825	775	44,675	22,775	21,900
In the labour force	835	465	370	29,100	15,725	13,380
Employed	770	435	335	25,220	13,330	11,890
Unemployed	65	30	35	3,875	2,390	1,485
Not in the labour force	760	360	405	15,580	7,050	8,525
Participation rate	52.2	56.4	47.7	65.1	69.0	61.1
Employment rate	48.1	52.7	43.2	56.5	58.5	54.3
Unemployment rate	7.8	6.5	9.5	13.3	15.2	11.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,600	825	775	44,675	22,770	21,905
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	675	320	355	14,230	6,510	7,720
Worked	920	500	415	30,445	16,265	14,180
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	425	240	185	13,035	7,375	5,665
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	490	260	235	17,405	8,885	8,520
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.7	40.8	39.9	40.0	39.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	840	460	370	29,100	15,725	13,375
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	15	890	455	435
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	820	460	360	28,210	15,265	12,940
Employee	610	295	310	25,610	13,645	11,965
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	210	160	50	2,595	1,625	970
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	840	460	370	29,095	15,720	13,380
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	15	890	460	430
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	815	460	355	28,210	15,265	12,945
0 Management occupations	120	80	40	2,645	1,490	1,160
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	90	20	75	3,285	700	2,590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30	30	10	1,385	1,120	265
3 Health occupations	20	0	25	1,545	325	1,220
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	90	25	65	3,485	955	2,530
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	25	10	600	225	375
6 Sales and service occupations	185	65	120	6,530	2,570	3,950
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	160	155	10	6,145	5,695	445
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	40	35	10	1,345	1,180	165
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	35	15	1,255	1,005	245
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	835	465	370	29,100	15,725	13,375
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	15	890	460	435
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	820	460	355	28,210	15,265	12,940
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	45	10	1,370	1,160	210
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	500	405	95
22 Utilities	10	0	0	225	185	45
23 Construction	120	120	0	2,795	2,420	375
31-33 Manufacturing	80	40	35	2,125	1,715	415
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	500	395	100
44-45 Retail trade	75	25	50	3,200	1,475	1,725
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	25	10	2,265	1,705	560
51 Information and cultural industries	25	20	10	285	145	140
52 Finance and insurance	35	10	25	420	65	355
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	260	145	115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	40	15	1,030	565	470
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	40	25	10	1,195	700	495
61 Educational services	40	0	30	2,295	590	1,710
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	3,190	525	2,665
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	35	30	600	275	330
72 Accommodation and food services	50	10	45	2,400	960	1,435
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	25	20	1,045	500	540
91 Public administration	45	20	20	2,490	1,340	1,150
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	775	435	340	25,225	13,330	11,895
Worked at home	105	80	25	1,240	530	710
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	35	20	10
No fixed workplace address	105	95	10	3,970	3,115	855
Worked at usual place	555	250	295	19,980	9,665	10,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	550	255	300	19,980	9,665	10,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	235	115	125	14,280	6,805	7,470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	70	15	50	5,135	2,465	2,665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	245	120	120	450	300	155
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	120	90	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	655	350	305	23,950	12,780	11,170
Car, truck, van - as a driver	550	300	245	18,105	9,840	8,270
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	30	20	15	2,055	1,035	1,020
Public transit	10	10	0	440	195	250
Walked	65	20	45	2,465	1,115	1,350
Bicycle	0	0	0	405	250	155
Other method	0	0	0	480	355	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	655	350	305	23,955	12,780	11,170
Less than 15 minutes	230	115	115	15,965	7,690	8,270
15 to 29 minutes	195	120	80	5,055	2,950	2,105
30 to 44 minutes	120	55	65	1,120	660	465
45 to 59 minutes	65	30	30	655	525	130
60 minutes and over	50	35	15	1,155	955	200
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	655	350	305	23,950	12,780	11,170
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	20	0	1,775	1,375	405
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	120	95	30	3,020	2,150	865
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	235	125	110	6,200	3,725	2,475
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	140	45	90	6,785	2,520	4,260
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	20	35	2,645	995	1,655
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	85	40	40	3,525	2,010	1,510
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	945	510	435	31,490	16,790	14,695
Single responses	830	450	380	31,355	16,730	14,625
Official languages	830	450	380	31,210	16,675	14,540
English	340	170	170	31,130	16,640	14,490
French	495	285	210	85	30	55
Non-official languages	0	0	0	150	60	85
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tsimshian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	10
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	45	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	40	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	65	55	130	60	70
English and French	115	60	50	45	20	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	40	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	945	515	435	31,490	16,790	14,695
None	570	295	275	30,350	16,265	14,085
English	195	135	60	80	30	45
French	175	80	90	380	180	200
Non-official language	0	0	0	670	310	355
Aboriginal	0	0	0	415	190	225
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	260	120	135
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,825	945	890	54,205	27,710	26,495
Non-movers	1,590	835	750	46,875	23,935	22,940
Movers	240	105	135	7,325	3,775	3,555
Non-migrants	90	40	45	4,155	2,095	2,060
Migrants	150	60	90	3,175	1,685	1,490
Internal migrants	150	65	90	3,020	1,600	1,420
Intraprovincial migrants	140	60	80	2,445	1,300	1,140
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	570	295	280
External migrants	10	0	10	160	90	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,755	910	850	51,565	26,330	25,240
Non-movers	1,245	625	620	32,340	16,475	15,860
Movers	510	280	230	19,225	9,850	9,380
Non-migrants	190	105	85	9,910	5,115	4,795
Migrants	320	175	140	9,320	4,740	4,580
Internal migrants	290	160	130	8,625	4,385	4,245
Intraprovincial migrants	285	155	130	6,615	3,350	3,265
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,015	1,035	975
External migrants	25	15	15	695	360	340

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Potton, CT [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Coast [Economic region], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Potton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Coast [Economic region], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Potton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Coast [Economic region], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Potton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Coast [Economic region], British Columbia