Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brome-Missisquoi, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	58,314	...	...	731^E	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	55,621	...	...	757	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.8	...	...	-3.4^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	31,470	...	...	726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	25,865	...	...	353	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	35.3	...	...	0.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,652.08	...	...	780.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	58,315	29,170	29,145	730	380	350
0 to 14 years	9,065	4,610	4,450	40	25	20
0 to 4 years	2,780	1,395	1,390	10	10	5
5 to 9 years	3,255	1,650	1,605	10	5	5
10 to 14 years	3,025	1,570	1,455	20	10	15
15 to 64 years	35,965	18,175	17,785	460	245	225
15 to 19 years	2,860	1,490	1,375	20	15	10
20 to 24 years	2,710	1,405	1,305	15	10	10
25 to 29 years	2,625	1,370	1,255	20	5	5
30 to 34 years	2,975	1,525	1,455	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	3,405	1,730	1,680	20	10	10
40 to 44 years	3,205	1,590	1,610	25	20	5
45 to 49 years	3,430	1,775	1,660	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	4,570	2,270	2,300	80	50	40
55 to 59 years	5,015	2,480	2,535	90	40	55
60 to 64 years	5,165	2,545	2,620	120	70	55
65 years and over	13,290	6,380	6,905	230	115	115
65 to 69 years	4,790	2,405	2,385	85	40	45
70 to 74 years	3,400	1,725	1,680	65	35	35
75 to 79 years	2,230	1,100	1,125	35	15	20
80 to 84 years	1,400	665	735	25	15	10
85 years and over	1,470	485	980	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	910	340	570	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	425	125	300	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	125	25	100	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	15.8	15.3	5.5	6.6	5.7
15 to 64 years	61.7	62.3	61.0	63.0	64.5	64.3
65 years and over	22.8	21.9	23.7	31.5	30.3	32.9
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.4	2.1	1.3	2.9
Average age of the population	44.9	44.2	45.6	55.1	54.5	55.8
Median age of the population	48.4	47.4	49.4	59.2	59.4	59.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Single-detached house	16,805	...	...	340	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,705	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,020	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	200	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,360	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,830	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	290	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	355	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
1 person	8,440	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	10,290	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	3,050	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	2,625	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	1,470	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	56,610	...	...	730	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	49,250	24,555	24,695	690	355	335
Married or living common law	29,690	14,910	14,780	490	250	240
Married	17,490	8,800	8,690	420	215	210
Living common law	12,200	6,105	6,090	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	19,565	9,650	9,915	200	110	95
Never married	12,000	6,795	5,210	95	65	35
Separated	660	340	325	10	5	5
Divorced	3,945	1,810	2,130	30	20	15
Widowed	2,960	705	2,250	65	20	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	16,970	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	10,280	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	2,895	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	2,525	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	1,270	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	16,970	...	...	265	...	...
Total couple families	14,565	...	...	240	...	...
Married couples	8,465	...	...	205	...	...
Common-law couples	6,095	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,410	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	1,745	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	665	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	14,560	...	...	245	...	...
Couples without children	8,850	...	...	185	...	...
Couples with children	5,710	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,165	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	2,350	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	1,200	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,410	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	1,425	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	735	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	245	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,490	5,275	5,215	120	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
One-census-family households	16,675	...	...	260	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,715	...	...	180	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,960	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	145	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,045	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	8,440	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	605	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	56,955	28,395	28,565	730	380	350
English only	3,740	1,885	1,855	715	375	345
French only	22,935	10,890	12,040	0	0	0
English and French	30,220	15,580	14,645	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	65	45	25	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	56,955	28,395	28,560	730	380	350
English	10,645	5,250	5,395	725	380	350
French	45,770	22,860	22,910	5	0	0
English and French	490	240	245	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	55	35	20	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10,885	5,375	5,515	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	19.1	18.9	19.3	0.7	0.0	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	56,955	28,395	28,560	730	375	350
Single responses	55,940	27,890	28,050	730	380	350
Official languages	54,610	27,220	27,390	730	375	350
English	9,790	4,835	4,960	730	375	350
French	44,820	22,390	22,425	5	5	5
Non-official languages	1,330	665	660	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,320	660	660	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	25	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,065	540	530	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	70	105	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	70	90	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	25	40	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	440	210	230	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	65	30	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	315	145	170	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	215	170	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	105	65	40	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	240	130	110	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,015	505	515	0	0	0
English and French	870	440	435	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	30	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	56,955	28,395	28,560	730	380	350
Single responses	55,750	27,820	27,930	730	380	350
Official languages	55,335	27,590	27,745	730	380	350
English	10,340	5,120	5,220	730	380	355
French	45,000	22,470	22,530	0	0	0
Non-official languages	415	230	180	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	230	180	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	180	135	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	35	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	100	65	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	135	90	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	20	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,205	570	635	5	0	0
English and French	985	465	520	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	120	60	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	56,955	28,390	28,565	730	380	350
None	48,285	24,140	24,150	730	375	350
English	5,090	2,530	2,565	0	0	0
French	2,880	1,410	1,470	5	0	5
Non-official language	510	230	280	0	0	0
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	505	225	280	0	0	0
English and French	30	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	105	50	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	47,555	23,625	23,925	690	355	330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,405	23,080	23,320	670	355	315
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,873	37,005	27,403	25,152	34,432	19,189
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,415	23,085	23,330	670	355	320
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,553	32,328	25,036	24,160	32,320	19,110
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,455	21,045	20,415	505	280	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,942	33,752	22,615	22,080	32,256	14,005
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,100	17,115	18,985	570	290	280
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,689	8,085	9,268	12,341	14,416	10,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,260	17,020	15,235	400	230	170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,734	31,956	24,001	25,792	35,840	16,576
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	47,550	23,650	23,905	675	330	340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,345	23,080	23,265	655	330	330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,587	49,148	34,086	35,031	44,888	25,216
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,360	23,085	23,280	655	325	330
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,190	39,489	28,934	30,057	37,537	22,610
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,545	21,185	20,360	490	250	235
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,204	46,336	29,742	32,095	42,575	20,957
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,295	17,185	19,110	575	265	310
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,372	8,883	9,812	12,782	15,148	10,764
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,260	17,100	15,165	340	190	150
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,908	42,803	30,262	37,185	48,768	22,491
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	47,555	23,650	23,905	670	330	340
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	13,570	7,710	5,860	115	75	40
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,072	46,770	37,129	47,995	58,197	27,184
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,459	59,895	44,990	59,477	74,412	33,695
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.8	86.8	77.4	74.1	76.7	62.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.3	63.7	58.0	64.9	69.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.2	13.2	22.6	26.2	21.9	35.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	47,550	23,620	23,930	690	355	335
Without total income	1,150	540	610	20	0	15
With total income	46,400	23,085	23,315	670	350	315
Percentage with total income	97.6	97.7	97.4	97.1	98.6	94.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,275	2,275	3,000	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	8,815	3,560	5,260	165	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	7,835	3,435	4,400	125	55	75
$30,000 to $39,999	6,705	3,270	3,435	85	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,430	2,880	2,545	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	3,910	2,315	1,590	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,575	1,570	1,005	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,715	1,020	700	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,085	665	420	10	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	735	465	270	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,325	1,630	690	60	55	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,375	925	450	45	40	5
$150,000 and over	945	700	240	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	47,550	23,620	23,930	685	355	330
Without after-tax income	1,140	540	600	20	5	10
With after-tax income	46,415	23,090	23,325	670	350	320
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	97.8	97.5	97.8	98.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,595	2,345	3,245	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	9,345	3,795	5,545	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	9,555	4,335	5,220	150	60	85
$30,000 to $39,999	8,220	4,250	3,965	85	55	25
$40,000 to $49,999	5,625	3,265	2,365	50	35	10
$50,000 to $59,999	3,225	1,945	1,280	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	1,835	1,085	745	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	975	635	340	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	2,040	1,430	610	55	50	5
$80,000 to $89,999	550	365	185	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	345	235	110	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	1,150	830	320	25	25	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	47,555	23,625	23,930	690	355	335
Without employment income	15,290	6,600	8,690	290	125	165
With employment income	32,260	17,020	15,235	400	225	170
Percentage with employment income	67.8	72.0	63.7	58.0	63.4	50.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,050	2,620	2,430	75	35	35
$5,000 to $9,999	2,830	1,285	1,545	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	4,850	2,190	2,660	65	25	35
$20,000 to $29,999	4,320	1,980	2,340	50	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	4,230	2,115	2,120	40	25	15
$40,000 to $49,999	3,130	1,755	1,370	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,400	1,525	870	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	1,580	1,020	560	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,175	690	480	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	2,695	1,840	855	65	60	5
$80,000 to $89,999	710	455	255	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	470	315	155	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,515	1,070	440	50	50	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,801	...	...	53,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,794	...	...	49,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,440	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,397	...	...	23,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,433	...	...	23,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,430	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,138	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,177	...	...	56,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,512	...	...	65,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,280	...	...	56,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,465	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,745	...	...	37,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,630	...	...	31,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,395	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,942	...	...	72,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,733	...	...	62,491	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	25,865	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	400	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	820	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,310	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,440	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,170	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,525	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,480	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,390	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,270	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,380	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,090	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,880	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,570	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,335	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,530	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,185	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,260	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,135	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	950	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,865	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	305	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	405	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	835	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,390	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,615	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,420	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,865	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,735	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,610	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,540	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,790	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,470	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,925	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,455	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,125	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,385	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,635	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	775	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	970	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	16,980	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,289	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,254	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,575	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,853	...	...	55,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,333	...	...	50,944	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,745	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,919	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,718	...	...	84,480	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,345	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,626	...	...	39,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,903	...	...	38,144	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	16,970	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,982	...	...	72,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,733	...	...	62,614	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,585	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,367	...	...	59,882	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,633	...	...	52,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,745	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,470	...	...	126,715	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,516	...	...	104,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,330	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,762	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,962	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,715	4,935	4,775	100	50	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,923	32,128	26,432	23,872	33,216	20,544
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,477	28,626	24,771	23,808	29,888	20,544
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,630	4,925	4,705	80	40	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,804	44,342	35,054	36,803	36,944	36,657
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,898	35,784	29,876	31,476	30,901	32,073
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	56,615	28,235	28,375	730	380	350
In the bottom half of the distribution	34,815	17,025	17,790	425	210	215
In the bottom decile	4,960	2,405	2,555	50	20	30
In the second decile	7,045	3,250	3,790	130	60	70
In the third decile	7,955	3,870	4,085	90	50	45
In the fourth decile	7,665	3,885	3,780	105	55	45
In the fifth decile	7,190	3,615	3,575	55	30	30
In the top half of the distribution	21,795	11,205	10,590	305	170	135
In the sixth decile	6,275	3,250	3,025	80	45	35
In the seventh decile	5,120	2,600	2,520	65	35	30
In the eighth decile	4,145	2,140	2,005	55	30	25
In the ninth decile	3,175	1,625	1,545	45	20	25
In the top decile	3,090	1,595	1,495	60	40	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	56,610	28,235	28,375	730	375	350
0 to 17 years	10,830	5,535	5,295	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	3,370	1,705	1,670	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	33,445	16,615	16,825	450	230	215
65 years and over	12,345	6,090	6,255	225	115	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,385	3,945	4,440	140	60	75
0 to 17 years	1,775	885	895	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	535	275	265	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,595	2,215	2,385	50	25	25
65 years and over	2,015	850	1,170	75	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.0	15.6	19.2	16.0	21.4
0 to 17 years (%)	16.4	16.0	16.9	18.2	33.3	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	16.1	15.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.3	14.2	11.1	10.9	11.6
65 years and over (%)	16.3	14.0	18.7	33.3	30.4	40.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,935	1,515	1,420	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	570	275	300	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	175	90	85	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,165	1,135	1,030	25	15	10
65 years and over	200	105	90	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.4	5.0	3.4	4.0	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	5.0	5.7	9.1	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	5.3	5.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.8	6.1	5.6	6.5	4.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.7	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	56,610	28,235	28,375	710	360	350
Official languages	56,570	28,210	28,365	710	360	350
English	33,800	17,600	16,200	710	360	350
French	52,865	26,320	26,545	15	0	10
Non-official languages	3,540	1,745	1,800	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,535	1,735	1,800	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	80	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	80	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	70	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,170	1,540	1,630	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	90	105	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	170	80	95	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	50	55	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	615	305	310	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	100	40	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	460	235	225	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	40	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	40	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,365	1,120	1,245	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	365	185	185	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	45	30	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	2,010	930	1,080	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	20	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	100	50	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	56,615	28,235	28,380	710	355	350
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	55,885	27,885	27,995	705	355	350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,755	5,440	5,320	45	40	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45,130	22,450	22,680	655	315	340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	730	345	380	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	56,615	28,235	28,375	710	360	355
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	53,845	26,855	26,990	700	350	350
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,655	1,315	1,345	10	10	0
Before 1981	1,400	660	740	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	295	160	130	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	310	160	150	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	395	215	185	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	170	90	85	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	225	125	100	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	250	115	140	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	110	70	40	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,655	1,315	1,345	10	10	0
Under 5 years	365	175	195	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	415	200	220	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	615	265	350	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,065	585	480	10	0	0
45 years and over	200	95	110	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,655	1,310	1,345	10	10	0
Americas	585	225	365	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	410	150	260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	50	40	0	10	0
Europe	1,660	885	780	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	595	350	245	0	0	0
Germany	150	70	80	0	0	0
Greece	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	65	40	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	45	10	35	0	0	0
Poland	35	10	30	0	0	0
Portugal	20	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	235	120	115	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	435	230	205	0	0	0
Africa	170	90	80	0	0	0
Algeria	30	20	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	35	55	0	0	0
Asia	235	110	125	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	20	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	30	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	255	115	140	0	0	0
Americas	85	50	40	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	95	40	55	0	0	0
France	75	30	40	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	15	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	15	0	0	0
Asia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	56,615	28,235	28,375	710	355	350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,975	1,475	1,500	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,685	1,800	1,890	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	49,945	24,960	24,985	690	350	340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,305	665	635	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	615	370	245	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	355	260	95	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	260	110	150	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	605	255	350	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	80	35	40	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	56,615	28,235	28,375	710	360	350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	915	440	480	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	855	415	440	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	475	225	255	30	15	10
Métis	380	190	185	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	55	15	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	55,695	27,795	27,895	685	340	340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	56,615	28,235	28,380	710	360	350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	160	90	70	15	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	56,455	28,145	28,305	690	350	340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	56,610	28,235	28,380	710	360	350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	600	280	320	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	595	280	315	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	460	205	255	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	130	70	60	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,350	1,210	1,130	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,330	1,210	1,120	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,015	1,045	970	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	320	165	155	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	53,665	26,735	26,930	690	350	340
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	56,610	28,235	28,375	705	360	350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	745	400	340	10	10	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese	120	40	80	0	0	0
Black	200	120	80	10	10	0
Filipino	55	25	30	0	0	0
Latin American	130	65	65	0	0	0
Arab	65	50	15	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	30	10	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	55,870	27,830	28,035	705	355	350
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	56,610	28,235	28,375	705	360	350
North American Aboriginal origins	2,950	1,500	1,450	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,500	1,255	1,240	20	10	10
Inuit	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	470	240	225	0	0	0
Other North American origins	39,720	19,725	19,995	425	210	215
Acadian	255	135	125	0	0	0
American	660	325	335	0	0	0
Canadian	38,175	18,935	19,240	425	210	210
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,240	610	630	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	25,745	12,905	12,840	285	145	145
British Isles origins	9,810	4,825	4,985	280	135	140
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,375	2,140	2,235	220	105	110
Irish	4,875	2,305	2,575	125	55	70
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,705	1,340	1,365	45	15	25
Welsh	270	120	155	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	460	220	240	0	0	0
French origins	15,935	8,045	7,895	10	0	0
Alsatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Breton	55	25	30	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,910	8,035	7,880	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,445	1,740	1,710	0	0	0
Austrian	75	25	50	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	750	375	380	0	0	0
Dutch	630	305	325	0	0	0
Flemish	50	0	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,595	800	800	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	660	370	295	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	285	125	160	0	0	0
Danish	70	35	40	0	0	0
Finnish	50	15	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Swedish	100	40	65	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,015	450	565	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	60	35	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	40	60	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	20	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	395	175	220	0	0	0
Romanian	95	40	50	0	0	0
Russian	160	75	95	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	80	110	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,055	1,020	1,035	15	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	70	70	0	0	0
Italian	1,420	690	735	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	105	125	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	265	155	110	15	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	40	60	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	120	70	55	0	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	15	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	315	150	160	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chilean	65	30	30	0	0	0
Colombian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	35	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	315	185	130	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	45	25	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	165	105	60	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	20	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	45	40	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	25	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	25	35	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Asian origins	550	265	290	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	295	150	150	0	0	0
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	140	60	85	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	15	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	45	25	25	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	210	90	115	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese	100	30	70	0	0	0
Filipino	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	15	10	0	0	0
Australian	20	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Owner	18,160	...	...	340	...	...
Renter	7,705	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Condominium	1,580	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	24,285	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,690	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,610	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,115	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,400	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,600	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	4,895	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	3,690	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	3,655	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,020	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,780	...	...	350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	80	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Suitable	25,355	...	...	350	...	...
Not suitable	505	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
1960 or before	7,190	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,455	...	...	140	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,230	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,305	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,380	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,220	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,085	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	23,895	...	...	325	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,975	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
1 household maintainer	16,075	...	...	215	...	...
2 household maintainers	9,615	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	175	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	25,865	...	...	350	...	...
15 to 24 years	580	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,760	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,715	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,715	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,935	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,170	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,280	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	705	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	25,305	...	...	350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,675	...	...	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,630	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,185	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,670	...	...	340	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.1	...	...	20.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.2	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	833	...	...	509	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	967	...	...	705	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,112	...	...	150,289	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	293,211	...	...	204,638	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,660	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	616	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	668	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	47,550	23,645	23,905	675	335	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,365	5,720	4,645	225	110	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,990	5,635	6,360	205	95	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,200	12,300	12,905	245	125	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,980	4,875	3,105	120	80	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,840	3,180	2,660	50	25	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,140	1,695	450	65	50	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,425	3,015	4,410	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,770	685	1,090	20	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,030	3,725	4,305	20	10	10
Bachelor's degree	5,355	2,275	3,075	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	670	330	345	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	190	105	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,455	785	675	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	150	95	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	29,625	14,650	14,975	340	160	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,540	2,760	1,780	95	50	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,380	3,575	3,810	110	50	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,695	8,315	9,385	140	65	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,990	3,530	2,460	55	45	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,405	2,310	2,095	15	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,585	1,220	360	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,080	2,055	3,030	70	15	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,045	410	635	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,585	2,325	3,260	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	3,875	1,545	2,330	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	360	125	230	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	85	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,025	485	545	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	140	80	55	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	47,550	23,650	23,905	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,355	11,350	11,005	425	205	220
Education	2,060	505	1,560	25	10	15
13. Education	2,055	500	1,560	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,075	425	650	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	90	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	955	340	625	10	0	10
Humanities	1,420	510	910	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	195	25	165	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	90	40	50	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	730	255	480	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	50	20	0	0	0
54. History	60	30	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	200	70	130	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,215	725	1,490	0	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	335	100	235	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	435	30	405	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	445	185	260	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	350	95	255	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	590	295	290	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	5,330	1,845	3,480	30	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	75	170	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,075	1,765	3,310	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	445	280	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	85	105	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	95	65	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	105	50	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	245	195	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	25	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	560	350	215	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	475	320	155	0	10	0
25. Library science	55	10	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,525	5,135	390	95	75	15
04. Architecture and related services	240	145	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	705	635	70	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,080	975	105	15	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,180	1,155	25	35	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,225	1,185	40	25	30	0
48. Precision production	1,100	1,040	60	10	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,030	720	310	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	830	590	245	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	130	65	0	0	10
Health and related fields	3,210	660	2,545	35	10	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	125	145	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,855	490	2,370	35	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	50	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,040	975	1,060	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,220	280	940	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	270	85	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	455	420	35	20	15	0
Other	10	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	29,625	14,650	14,975	345	160	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,925	6,335	5,590	205	95	110
Education	1,125	230	895	0	0	0
13. Education	1,125	225	900	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	725	275	445	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	65	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	630	210	420	0	0	0
Humanities	775	270	510	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	15	125	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	170	235	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	25	10	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	105	25	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,600	440	1,160	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	280	80	195	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	345	15	330	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	290	90	200	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	245	60	185	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	400	180	220	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,000	1,265	2,740	25	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	40	125	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,830	1,220	2,615	30	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	435	240	195	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	65	80	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	45	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	20	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	150	95	50	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	480	280	195	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	405	260	150	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,000	3,665	335	60	45	15
04. Architecture and related services	195	105	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	480	410	70	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	800	735	65	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	805	785	20	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	870	830	35	15	15	0
48. Precision production	850	795	55	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	750	500	250	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	610	410	195	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	90	50	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,230	415	1,815	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	205	90	120	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,980	315	1,665	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	10	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,565	725	835	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	935	210	730	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	260	180	85	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	340	25	15	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	47,555	23,645	23,905	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,350	11,350	11,005	425	205	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,200	12,300	12,900	245	125	125
Location of study inside Canada	24,000	11,610	12,390	250	130	120
Same as province or territory of residence	23,005	11,045	11,960	220	105	110
Different than province or territory of residence	995	560	435	30	25	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,200	690	510	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	255	120	135	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	100	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	20	0	0	0
France	365	245	115	0	0	0
Other	365	210	160	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	29,625	14,650	14,975	340	165	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,925	6,335	5,590	205	100	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,700	8,315	9,385	140	70	70
Location of study inside Canada	17,025	7,965	9,060	140	65	75
Same as province or territory of residence	16,435	7,655	8,780	125	60	65
Different than province or territory of residence	595	315	280	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	675	345	325	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	145	65	85	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	75	45	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	20	0	0	0
France	220	140	80	0	0	0
Other	195	90	105	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	47,555	23,650	23,905	670	330	340
In the labour force	28,880	15,250	13,635	285	150	135
Employed	27,280	14,325	12,955	220	110	105
Unemployed	1,605	925	680	70	35	30
Not in the labour force	18,675	8,400	10,275	385	180	200
Participation rate	60.7	64.5	57.0	42.5	45.5	39.7
Employment rate	57.4	60.6	54.2	32.8	33.3	30.9
Unemployment rate	5.6	6.1	5.0	24.6	23.3	22.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	47,555	23,650	23,905	675	335	340
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	16,915	7,420	9,490	345	150	195
Worked	30,640	16,225	14,415	330	180	150
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,000	7,985	6,020	120	75	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	16,640	8,240	8,395	210	110	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.4	42.0	35.6	36.3	34.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	28,880	15,245	13,630	285	150	140
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	215	220	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	28,440	15,035	13,415	280	145	135
Employee	23,155	11,905	11,255	225	110	110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,290	3,125	2,160	60	35	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	28,880	15,245	13,630	285	150	135
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	215	220	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	28,445	15,030	13,410	285	145	135
0 Management occupations	3,620	2,290	1,335	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,450	875	2,575	25	10	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,355	965	390	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	1,825	325	1,495	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,965	850	2,115	0	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	880	390	485	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	6,285	2,625	3,665	60	15	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,610	4,350	260	65	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,055	815	245	40	30	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,390	1,560	835	45	25	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	28,880	15,245	13,630	285	150	140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	215	220	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	28,445	15,030	13,410	280	145	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,885	1,250	630	35	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	70	10	10	0	0
22 Utilities	65	60	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,900	1,650	255	40	25	20
31-33 Manufacturing	4,985	3,485	1,500	75	50	25
41 Wholesale trade	1,045	655	390	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,475	1,610	1,865	15	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,115	810	300	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	370	195	180	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	675	225	445	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	330	185	140	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,550	815	740	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,125	675	450	15	0	10
61 Educational services	1,680	545	1,135	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	3,145	475	2,670	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	730	375	350	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,815	710	1,105	30	0	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,345	635	710	15	10	0
91 Public administration	1,120	595	520	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	27,275	14,325	12,955	220	110	105
Worked at home	3,160	1,575	1,580	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	105	70	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,570	1,885	685	25	10	15
Worked at usual place	21,445	10,790	10,650	170	95	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	21,445	10,790	10,650	175	95	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,560	3,685	3,875	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,560	3,115	3,445	115	70	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,260	3,960	3,300	20	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	55	30	25	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	24,015	12,675	11,330	195	105	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20,770	11,085	9,685	180	105	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	930	435	500	10	0	10
Public transit	250	120	135	0	0	0
Walked	1,575	755	815	10	0	10
Bicycle	200	130	65	0	0	0
Other method	285	150	130	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	24,010	12,680	11,335	195	105	90
Less than 15 minutes	9,695	4,830	4,860	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	7,695	3,865	3,830	35	20	20
30 to 44 minutes	3,425	1,985	1,440	60	40	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,280	750	525	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	1,915	1,245	670	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	24,010	12,680	11,335	195	100	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,595	1,105	490	55	45	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,105	3,395	1,710	25	15	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,395	3,640	3,755	45	25	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,160	1,645	2,515	20	0	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,105	725	1,380	10	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,650	2,170	1,480	35	15	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	31,465	16,600	14,860	325	185	145
Single responses	29,210	15,540	13,670	330	180	145
Official languages	29,140	15,490	13,650	325	180	150
English	3,940	2,185	1,760	330	180	145
French	25,195	13,310	11,890	0	0	0
Non-official languages	70	50	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	50	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	45	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	25	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,255	1,060	1,195	0	0	0
English and French	2,205	1,030	1,175	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	31,465	16,605	14,865	330	180	145
None	18,755	9,975	8,785	330	180	145
English	10,175	5,215	4,960	0	0	0
French	2,345	1,335	1,015	0	0	0
Non-official language	100	50	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	95	45	50	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	30	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	56,110	27,995	28,115	710	360	350
Non-movers	49,595	24,800	24,790	680	350	335
Movers	6,515	3,195	3,325	25	10	20
Non-migrants	2,930	1,470	1,460	10	0	0
Migrants	3,585	1,725	1,865	20	0	20
Internal migrants	3,430	1,630	1,800	25	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	3,335	1,595	1,740	20	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	95	40	60	0	0	0
External migrants	160	90	65	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	53,875	26,885	26,985	705	355	345
Non-movers	35,025	17,750	17,275	615	315	300
Movers	18,850	9,140	9,710	90	40	50
Non-migrants	7,515	3,695	3,825	15	10	0
Migrants	11,335	5,445	5,885	75	30	45
Internal migrants	10,965	5,260	5,710	75	25	45
Intraprovincial migrants	10,625	5,090	5,540	60	20	40
Interprovincial migrants	340	175	170	10	10	10
External migrants	365	185	175	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brome-Missisquoi, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brome-Missisquoi, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador