Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dunham, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Dunham, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Trois-Rivières Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Dunham, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Dunham, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,432	...	...	114,203	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,471	...	...	112,626^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.1	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,717	...	...	59,235	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,449	...	...	54,919	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17.7	...	...	1,581.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	194.06	...	...	72.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,430	1,730	1,700	114,205	54,550	59,655
0 to 14 years	565	275	290	14,980	7,785	7,200
0 to 4 years	155	85	70	4,915	2,545	2,375
5 to 9 years	210	95	115	5,205	2,710	2,490
10 to 14 years	200	95	105	4,870	2,525	2,340
15 to 64 years	2,160	1,095	1,065	71,785	35,240	36,545
15 to 19 years	185	100	90	5,585	2,790	2,790
20 to 24 years	155	75	80	7,960	3,895	4,065
25 to 29 years	120	60	60	6,880	3,510	3,370
30 to 34 years	160	90	75	6,315	3,220	3,095
35 to 39 years	200	95	100	6,355	3,225	3,135
40 to 44 years	195	95	105	5,615	2,765	2,845
45 to 49 years	240	130	110	6,160	2,985	3,175
50 to 54 years	270	135	135	8,450	4,045	4,410
55 to 59 years	310	160	150	9,535	4,555	4,980
60 to 64 years	320	160	165	8,930	4,250	4,685
65 years and over	710	365	350	27,435	11,525	15,905
65 to 69 years	270	145	125	8,060	3,780	4,280
70 to 74 years	220	120	105	6,705	3,045	3,660
75 to 79 years	100	45	55	4,850	2,030	2,825
80 to 84 years	70	35	35	3,795	1,485	2,310
85 years and over	50	20	30	4,025	1,195	2,825
85 to 89 years	30	15	15	2,615	885	1,725
90 to 94 years	10	0	10	1,115	260	860
95 to 99 years	5	5	0	250	45	205
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	5	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.5	15.9	17.1	13.1	14.3	12.1
15 to 64 years	63.0	63.3	62.6	62.9	64.6	61.3
65 years and over	20.7	21.1	20.6	24.0	21.1	26.7
85 years and over	1.5	1.2	1.8	3.5	2.2	4.7
Average age of the population	44.0	44.1	43.9	45.4	43.6	47.0
Median age of the population	47.9	48.3	47.6	47.9	45.1	50.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,450	...	...	54,920	...	...
Single-detached house	1,310	...	...	20,360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,065	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	130	...	...	33,430	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	3,880	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,640	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	4,775	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	70	...	...	22,870	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	260	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,450	...	...	54,920	...	...
1 person	375	...	...	22,520	...	...
2 persons	635	...	...	19,835	...	...
3 persons	165	...	...	6,140	...	...
4 persons	180	...	...	4,530	...	...
5 or more persons	95	...	...	1,890	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,385	...	...	108,975	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,870	1,455	1,415	99,220	46,765	52,450
Married or living common law	1,905	955	950	50,735	25,360	25,380
Married	1,115	565	555	27,740	13,890	13,850
Living common law	785	390	395	22,995	11,470	11,530
Not married and not living common law	965	505	460	48,480	21,410	27,070
Never married	630	360	270	30,965	15,970	15,000
Separated	30	15	10	1,435	645	795
Divorced	190	100	85	8,815	3,320	5,490
Widowed	120	30	95	7,265	1,475	5,795
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,050	...	...	30,385	...	...
2 persons	630	...	...	18,785	...	...
3 persons	160	...	...	5,665	...	...
4 persons	185	...	...	4,335	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	1,605	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,055	...	...	30,385	...	...
Total couple families	935	...	...	24,620	...	...
Married couples	545	...	...	13,190	...	...
Common-law couples	395	...	...	11,430	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	115	...	...	5,760	...	...
Female parent	75	...	...	4,410	...	...
Male parent	40	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	24,620	...	...
Couples without children	565	...	...	15,045	...	...
Couples with children	370	...	...	9,580	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	4,090	...	...
2 children	170	...	...	3,980	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	1,510	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...	5,765	...	...
1 child	65	...	...	3,740	...	...
2 children	35	...	...	1,580	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	495	265	230	28,550	13,335	15,215
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,445	...	...	54,920	...	...
One-census-family households	1,030	...	...	30,025	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	560	...	...	14,905	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	475	...	...	15,120	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	180	...	...
Non-census-family households	405	...	...	24,710	...	...
One-person households	380	...	...	22,525	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	2,190	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,420	1,725	1,695	112,555	53,890	58,665
English only	225	120	105	180	95	80
French only	1,275	605	665	77,050	34,175	42,880
English and French	1,910	990	920	35,090	19,515	15,575
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	235	100	135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,420	1,725	1,695	112,555	53,890	58,665
English	705	355	350	1,415	705	715
French	2,670	1,345	1,325	110,335	52,770	57,565
English and French	30	20	15	580	320	260
Neither English nor French	10	10	5	230	95	135
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	720	360	360	1,710	865	845
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	21.1	20.9	21.2	1.5	1.6	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,420	1,725	1,695	112,555	53,890	58,665
Single responses	3,340	1,685	1,655	111,675	53,425	58,255
Official languages	3,265	1,650	1,620	108,570	51,865	56,705
English	650	325	325	1,295	625	665
French	2,615	1,325	1,295	107,280	51,240	56,040
Non-official languages	75	35	40	3,105	1,555	1,550
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	150	70	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Atikamekw	0	0	0	140	60	80
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	75	35	45	2,955	1,490	1,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	685	390	295
Berber languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	635	360	270
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	630	360	270
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	25	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	75	30	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	35	1,430	680	755
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	115	50	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	15	115	50	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	15	5	10
Russian	5	0	5	30	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	65	25	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	10	35	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	10	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	45	20
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	45	30	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	30	20	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	25	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	10	1,145	530	615
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	35	25	10
Portuguese	0	5	0	90	40	45
Romanian	0	0	0	50	10	35
Spanish	20	15	10	970	450	525
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	365	200	165
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	25	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	125	65	65
Wolof	0	0	0	30	20	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	45
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	155	65	90
Chinese languages	5	0	0	155	70	85
Cantonese	0	5	0	30	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	105	45	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Multiple responses	75	45	35	880	465	410
English and French	60	35	25	520	275	240
English and non-official language	5	0	0	15	15	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	325	170	150
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,420	1,725	1,690	112,560	53,890	58,665
Single responses	3,315	1,675	1,635	111,330	53,255	58,075
Official languages	3,285	1,660	1,630	109,755	52,495	57,260
English	685	350	335	845	415	435
French	2,600	1,315	1,290	108,905	52,085	56,825
Non-official languages	30	20	10	1,570	755	815
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	50	50
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Atikamekw	0	0	0	90	45	45
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	1,480	710	770
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	240	120	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	220	110	110
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	225	115	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	5	880	415	465
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	60	30	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	60	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	10	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	5	755	350	405
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	20	15	5	680	310	365
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	20	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	125	55	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	95	45	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	105	45	60	1,225	635	585
English and French	85	35	45	450	235	210
English and non-official language	10	5	5	35	20	20
French and non-official language	15	0	10	670	345	325
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	70	40	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,420	1,725	1,695	112,555	53,890	58,665
None	2,860	1,445	1,415	105,830	50,310	55,525
English	320	160	160	4,110	2,280	1,835
French	210	110	100	1,260	600	660
Non-official language	25	10	15	1,150	605	550
Aboriginal	0	0	0	50	20	30
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	15	1,100	585	520
English and French	0	0	0	55	25	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	120	65	55
French and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,825	1,430	1,390	94,005	45,030	48,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,750	1,400	1,355	91,430	43,880	47,545
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,466	37,774	28,800	29,529	34,903	24,810
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,750	1,395	1,355	91,465	43,885	47,580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,696	33,463	25,792	26,869	31,110	23,235
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,525	1,305	1,220	78,880	39,020	39,855
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,518	33,237	23,872	26,741	32,136	21,776
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,090	1,010	1,080	74,355	33,970	40,375
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,904	7,376	8,250	8,428	7,873	8,831
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,985	1,075	910	60,015	30,790	29,225
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,328	30,688	24,128	27,684	31,358	24,325
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,815	1,435	1,375	93,950	44,980	48,975
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,755	1,415	1,340	91,235	43,795	47,440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,968	43,944	31,681	38,109	44,574	32,141
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,755	1,415	1,340	91,270	43,805	47,465
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,962	36,264	27,436	32,022	36,695	27,710
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,520	1,355	1,170	78,820	39,035	39,785
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,031	39,610	27,568	35,652	42,667	28,769
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,150	1,075	1,075	74,265	34,020	40,245
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,808	7,963	9,652	8,982	8,434	9,445
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,020	1,120	895	60,000	30,815	29,185
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,627	36,276	28,080	35,627	40,312	30,681
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,810	1,435	1,375	93,955	44,975	48,980
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	830	505	325	25,115	13,575	11,535
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,065	43,791	40,889	43,994	49,068	39,824
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	45,871	46,730	44,539	51,404	56,969	44,854
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.1	86.5	80.9	80.8	85.2	75.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.3	62.8	50.4	61.7	64.0	58.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.8	13.2	19.1	19.2	14.8	24.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,825	1,435	1,390	94,005	45,030	48,975
Without total income	75	40	35	2,580	1,150	1,430
With total income	2,755	1,395	1,355	91,425	43,880	47,545
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.2	97.5	97.3	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	335	150	180	10,910	4,650	6,260
$10,000 to $19,999	485	195	290	20,225	7,570	12,660
$20,000 to $29,999	435	200	240	15,180	6,590	8,585
$30,000 to $39,999	405	190	215	12,480	6,135	6,345
$40,000 to $49,999	350	190	160	10,365	5,215	5,155
$50,000 to $59,999	250	150	100	6,940	3,850	3,085
$60,000 to $69,999	150	95	55	4,480	2,625	1,855
$70,000 to $79,999	110	65	45	3,440	2,030	1,415
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25	2,115	1,260	855
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	20	1,405	990	415
$100,000 and over	120	90	30	3,890	2,965	920
$100,000 to $149,999	75	55	25	2,795	2,115	690
$150,000 and over	50	40	10	1,090	855	235
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,825	1,435	1,390	94,010	45,030	48,980
Without after-tax income	75	35	35	2,540	1,145	1,395
With after-tax income	2,755	1,400	1,355	91,465	43,885	47,580
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.6	97.5	97.3	97.5	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	360	160	205	11,525	4,735	6,790
$10,000 to $19,999	510	210	305	21,055	7,990	13,070
$20,000 to $29,999	520	245	280	18,350	8,320	10,035
$30,000 to $39,999	540	275	260	15,485	7,755	7,725
$40,000 to $49,999	350	210	140	10,185	5,545	4,650
$50,000 to $59,999	190	120	65	5,925	3,475	2,450
$60,000 to $69,999	110	60	50	3,640	2,155	1,485
$70,000 to $79,999	70	45	25	1,995	1,415	580
$80,000 and over	100	75	25	3,305	2,500	800
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	10	1,160	860	300
$90,000 to $99,999	20	20	0	690	525	165
$100,000 and over	60	45	10	1,450	1,120	335
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,825	1,430	1,390	94,010	45,030	48,980
Without employment income	835	360	480	33,995	14,240	19,755
With employment income	1,990	1,075	915	60,010	30,790	29,220
Percentage with employment income	70.4	75.2	65.8	63.8	68.4	59.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	345	205	145	8,570	4,530	4,040
$5,000 to $9,999	180	85	100	5,120	2,195	2,925
$10,000 to $19,999	275	125	155	9,860	4,290	5,570
$20,000 to $29,999	265	115	150	8,270	3,825	4,450
$30,000 to $39,999	245	120	125	7,610	3,720	3,895
$40,000 to $49,999	205	115	90	5,710	2,905	2,805
$50,000 to $59,999	160	110	55	4,160	2,330	1,835
$60,000 to $69,999	90	60	35	2,880	1,640	1,240
$70,000 to $79,999	80	45	35	2,650	1,520	1,130
$80,000 and over	135	100	40	5,185	3,845	1,345
$80,000 to $89,999	50	30	15	1,360	880	480
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	1,060	770	290
$100,000 and over	65	60	10	2,760	2,195	565
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,450	...	...	54,920	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,448	...	...	47,842	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,509	...	...	42,782	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	375	...	...	22,520	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,136	...	...	25,883	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,232	...	...	24,358	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...	32,395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,983	...	...	69,087	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,849	...	...	60,341	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,425	...	...	54,975	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,346	...	...	63,245	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,743	...	...	53,159	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	395	...	...	22,565	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,178	...	...	33,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,588	...	...	28,802	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,030	...	...	32,415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,628	...	...	83,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,493	...	...	70,115	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,450	...	...	54,920	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	645	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	1,345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	3,020	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	4,155	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	3,635	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	2,965	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...	3,625	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	3,230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	3,160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	2,860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	125	...	...	4,930	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	3,800	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	3,225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	2,600	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	95	...	...	2,150	...	...
$100,000 and over	355	...	...	9,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	160	...	...	3,815	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	2,290	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	60	...	...	2,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	1,310	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,445	...	...	54,920	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	680	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	1,360	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	3,050	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	4,380	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	4,075	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	3,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	4,240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	4,030	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	3,585	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	3,170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	5,250	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	160	...	...	4,010	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	3,275	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...	2,420	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	1,890	...	...
$100,000 and over	200	...	...	5,890	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	105	...	...	2,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	1,425	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	1,475	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,055	...	...	30,695	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,800	...	...	70,439	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,843	...	...	61,276	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	555	...	...	14,735	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,427	...	...	64,479	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,904	...	...	56,183	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	375	...	...	9,620	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,024	...	...	105,460	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,072	...	...	89,310	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	110	...	...	5,665	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,608	...	...	46,404	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,344	...	...	43,140	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,005	...	...	30,670	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,338	...	...	85,276	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,052	...	...	71,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	510	...	...	14,715	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,611	...	...	77,430	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,199	...	...	64,819	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	400	...	...	9,610	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,937	...	...	118,521	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,355	...	...	96,377	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	5,685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,397	...	...	52,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,712	...	...	46,498	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	440	240	195	26,805	12,560	14,245
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,843	36,032	29,920	24,177	26,252	22,970
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,824	31,680	28,736	23,086	24,380	22,238
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	455	250	205	26,915	12,555	14,360
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,413	49,850	26,713	32,020	34,174	30,137
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,360	38,922	24,374	27,632	28,919	26,507
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,390	1,710	1,680	108,970	52,800	56,170
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,040	1,005	1,030	69,545	32,745	36,800
In the bottom decile	255	115	140	13,885	6,660	7,225
In the second decile	365	185	180	15,090	6,440	8,650
In the third decile	475	235	245	14,615	6,970	7,640
In the fourth decile	455	240	210	13,635	6,640	6,995
In the fifth decile	490	235	260	12,320	6,035	6,290
In the top half of the distribution	1,345	700	645	39,425	20,060	19,365
In the sixth decile	445	230	215	10,855	5,440	5,415
In the seventh decile	320	165	155	9,625	4,870	4,750
In the eighth decile	255	130	125	8,090	4,085	4,000
In the ninth decile	185	100	90	6,150	3,195	2,950
In the top decile	140	70	70	4,720	2,470	2,255
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,385	1,705	1,680	108,975	52,805	56,170
0 to 17 years	675	340	335	18,005	9,340	8,665
0 to 5 years	190	100	90	5,955	3,090	2,860
18 to 64 years	2,015	1,010	1,005	68,000	33,195	34,795
65 years and over	700	360	340	22,970	10,265	12,705
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	445	220	220	21,510	9,655	11,855
0 to 17 years	100	45	55	3,575	1,895	1,680
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	1,220	665	555
18 to 64 years	235	125	115	12,955	6,100	6,855
65 years and over	105	50	55	4,980	1,660	3,320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	12.9	13.1	19.7	18.3	21.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	13.2	16.4	19.9	20.3	19.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.5	10.0	11.1	20.5	21.5	19.4
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	12.4	11.4	19.1	18.4	19.7
65 years and over (%)	15.0	13.9	16.2	21.7	16.2	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	135	65	70	11,605	5,740	5,865
0 to 17 years	30	10	20	1,875	1,010	860
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	650	380	270
18 to 64 years	100	50	45	9,080	4,470	4,610
65 years and over	10	5	0	645	250	395
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.8	4.2	10.6	10.9	10.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	2.9	6.0	10.4	10.8	9.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.6	5.0	5.6	10.9	12.3	9.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.0	4.5	13.4	13.5	13.2
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	0.0	2.8	2.4	3.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,385	1,710	1,680	109,010	52,815	56,200
Official languages	3,390	1,710	1,680	108,815	52,740	56,075
English	2,105	1,150	960	34,780	19,410	15,375
French	3,160	1,590	1,575	108,690	52,650	56,040
Non-official languages	220	95	130	6,800	3,230	3,570
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	215	95	125
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	215	95	125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	215	95	120
Atikamekw	0	0	0	215	90	125
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	95	130	6,585	3,140	3,445
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	935	550	385
Berber languages	0	0	0	90	60	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	55	30	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	890	520	370
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	885	515	370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	40	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	20	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	160	90	70
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	135	75	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	90	120	4,490	1,995	2,495
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	210	100	115
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	210	95	115
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	0	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	0	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	125	65	60
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	280	145	130
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dutch	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	0	15	225	125	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	90	60	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	75	100	3,940	1,705	2,235
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	25	300	150	145
Portuguese	0	0	0	185	95	95
Romanian	0	0	10	30	15	15
Spanish	155	65	85	3,585	1,525	2,065
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	45	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	500	290	210
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	35	30	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	15	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	80	45	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	120	50	65
Wolof	0	0	0	55	50	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	105	90
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	145	45	100
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	110	35	70
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	240	110	125
Chinese languages	10	0	10	245	115	130
Cantonese	10	10	10	30	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	200	90	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,385	1,710	1,680	109,010	52,815	56,195
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,360	1,700	1,660	106,585	51,470	55,115
Canadian citizens aged under 18	685	320	365	17,635	9,100	8,535
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,680	1,380	1,300	88,955	42,370	46,580
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	25	0	20	2,425	1,345	1,080
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,385	1,710	1,680	109,015	52,820	56,195
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,280	1,665	1,620	104,140	50,295	53,845
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	105	50	60	4,185	2,105	2,080
Before 1981	55	15	35	535	285	255
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	240	130	115
1991 to 2000	20	15	10	485	235	250
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	1,665	780	885
2001 to 2005	0	0	10	610	240	370
2006 to 2010	0	10	0	1,055	535	515
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	10	1,265	680	580
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	685	420	265
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	110	50	60	4,185	2,105	2,080
Under 5 years	0	0	0	620	250	365
5 to 14 years	25	10	15	765	375	390
15 to 24 years	30	10	20	690	345	350
25 to 44 years	50	30	20	1,895	1,020	880
45 years and over	0	0	0	215	120	95
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	105	45	60	4,190	2,105	2,080
Americas	20	15	10	1,265	570	690
Brazil	0	0	0	60	30	30
Colombia	0	0	0	555	225	330
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	110	30	80
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	70	40	30
Peru	0	0	10	15	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	160	85	80
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	270	150	125
Europe	65	25	40	1,090	555	530
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	30	15	10	570	290	280
Germany	10	0	10	45	20	25
Greece	0	0	0	50	40	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	30	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	20	0	15
Romania	10	0	0	25	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	10	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	215	105	110
Africa	10	0	10	1,235	725	510
Algeria	0	0	0	155	100	55
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	260	140	120
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	805	475	330
Asia	15	15	0	595	255	345
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	210	60	150
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	55	35	20
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	55	20	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	55	20	40
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	40	25
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	105	70	35
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	10	1,265	685	580
Americas	10	0	10	275	125	155
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0	130	55	80
Cuba	0	0	0	50	25	25
Haiti	0	0	0	15	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	40	25	20
Europe	0	0	0	220	120	100
France	0	0	0	145	90	60
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	25	15	15
Africa	0	0	0	560	340	220
Algeria	0	0	0	45	30	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	95	60	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	40	15	30
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	55	40	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	130	70	60
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	165	110	55
Asia	0	0	0	205	95	110
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	55	35	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	50	15	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,385	1,705	1,680	109,010	52,815	56,200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	115	50	65	5,115	2,650	2,465
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	220	115	105	3,340	1,620	1,720
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,050	1,545	1,510	100,560	48,545	52,010
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	55	30	25	3,710	1,855	1,860
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	20	15	10	1,645	915	730
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	20	10	10	775	520	255
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	875	390	480
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	20	10	995	410	585
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	1,035	510	520
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,390	1,710	1,680	109,010	52,820	56,200
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	55	25	30	1,455	660	795
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	55	20	30	1,380	625	760
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	10	835	360	475
Métis	30	10	30	530	255	280
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	70	40	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,335	1,685	1,650	107,560	52,155	55,400
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,390	1,710	1,680	109,015	52,815	56,195
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	625	265	355
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,385	1,700	1,680	108,385	52,545	55,840
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,385	1,705	1,680	109,010	52,815	56,195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	50	35	10	990	435	555
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	45	35	10	980	440	545
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	20	0	905	410	495
Métis single ancestry	25	20	10	80	30	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	165	90	75	3,075	1,445	1,625
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	165	95	75	2,995	1,415	1,580
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	70	45	2,695	1,270	1,425
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	25	280	140	140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	75	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,175	1,580	1,595	104,950	50,930	54,020
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,385	1,705	1,680	109,010	52,815	56,195
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	45	20	25	4,235	2,185	2,040
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	125	60	70
Chinese	15	10	0	300	100	200
Black	20	10	10	1,690	925	770
Filipino	0	0	0	30	25	10
Latin American	10	10	10	1,050	510	545
Arab	0	0	0	710	410	305
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	170	95	75
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,340	1,685	1,655	104,780	50,625	54,155
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,390	1,705	1,680	109,015	52,815	56,195
North American Aboriginal origins	215	130	85	4,060	1,885	2,175
First Nations (North American Indian)	135	90	50	3,680	1,710	1,970
Inuit	0	0	0	30	10	25
Métis	75	40	30	430	200	230
Other North American origins	2,405	1,200	1,200	84,160	40,390	43,770
Acadian	15	0	15	690	310	375
American	55	10	40	465	220	240
Canadian	2,320	1,155	1,165	81,465	39,065	42,395
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	70	40	30	2,660	1,305	1,360
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,565	775	790	35,075	17,320	17,755
British Isles origins	610	285	330	7,055	3,375	3,685
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	240	135	105	1,680	885	800
Irish	360	180	180	4,400	2,105	2,290
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	90	50	40	1,645	785	865
Welsh	10	0	0	30	20	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	65	15	50	110	45	65
French origins	970	455	515	28,305	13,930	14,370
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	225	100	125
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	970	455	515	28,140	13,845	14,295
Western European origins (except French origins)	220	110	110	2,185	1,060	1,125
Austrian	10	0	10	75	50	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	25	20	425	195	230
Dutch	75	45	30	165	115	50
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	85	35	50	1,350	645	700
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	10	220	100	125
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	20	0	0	215	120	95
Danish	10	10	0	20	15	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Swedish	10	0	10	45	30	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Eastern European origins	80	50	30	590	275	315
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	10	40
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	10	50	25	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	30	20	20
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	35	25	10	225	125	105
Romanian	10	10	10	40	25	15
Russian	25	10	10	85	45	40
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	140	55	90
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	70	40	30	1,950	1,000	950
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	10	15	15	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	225	115	115
Italian	40	25	15	1,055	540	515
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	10	10	0	195	110	90
Serbian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	455	225	230
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	10	0	0	95	55	35
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	45	20	20
Caribbean origins	20	10	10	485	195	295
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	70	35	35
Dominican	0	0	0	65	20	40
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	275	100	175
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	30	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	10	10	1,265	635	630
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	35	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Chilean	0	0	0	50	30	20
Colombian	0	0	0	730	315	410
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	45	30	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexican	15	10	10	140	90	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	30	10	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	35	30	10
African origins	25	10	15	2,285	1,335	950
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	975	560	415
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Burkinabe	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cameroonian	0	0	0	195	110	85
Chadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0	270	160	110
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	60	20	40
Gambian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	70	35	40
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	95	60	35
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	85	60	30
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	45	40	10
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	140	65	70
North African origins	0	0	0	835	510	330
Algerian	0	0	0	205	115	90
Berber	0	0	0	125	80	45
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	25	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maure	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	345	185	155
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	160	105	55
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	10	175	110	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Burundian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mauritian	10	0	0	35	25	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other African origins	15	10	10	325	180	145
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	10	10	320	180	140
Asian origins	20	15	10	1,270	630	645
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	10	0	585	340	250
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	190	100	90
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	65	40	25
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	150	85	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	55	40	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	95	20	75
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	80	20	65
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	10	605	270	330
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Chinese	15	10	10	350	120	230
Filipino	0	0	0	15	20	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	110	65	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,430	...	...	54,975	...	...
Owner	1,240	...	...	28,190	...	...
Renter	185	...	...	26,785	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,430	...	...	54,980	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	4,995	...	...
Not condominium	1,420	...	...	49,985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,430	...	...	54,975	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	250	...	...
1 bedroom	110	...	...	9,555	...	...
2 bedrooms	275	...	...	17,805	...	...
3 bedrooms	565	...	...	17,715	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	475	...	...	9,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,430	...	...	54,975	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	175	...	...	21,250	...	...
5 rooms	230	...	...	10,685	...	...
6 rooms	160	...	...	5,615	...	...
7 rooms	310	...	...	5,585	...	...
8 or more rooms	550	...	...	11,845	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,425	...	...	54,975	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,420	...	...	54,890	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,425	...	...	54,975	...	...
Suitable	1,400	...	...	54,140	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,430	...	...	54,980	...	...
1960 or before	430	...	...	14,085	...	...
1961 to 1980	465	...	...	18,020	...	...
1981 to 1990	205	...	...	8,450	...	...
1991 to 2000	145	...	...	6,135	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...	2,410	...	...
2006 to 2010	95	...	...	3,240	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	2,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,425	...	...	54,975	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,260	...	...	51,805	...	...
Major repairs needed	170	...	...	3,175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,430	...	...	54,980	...	...
1 household maintainer	775	...	...	38,055	...	...
2 household maintainers	645	...	...	16,495	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,425	...	...	54,980	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	3,115	...	...
25 to 34 years	110	...	...	7,580	...	...
35 to 44 years	215	...	...	7,310	...	...
45 to 54 years	300	...	...	9,180	...	...
55 to 64 years	320	...	...	11,770	...	...
65 to 74 years	350	...	...	9,705	...	...
75 to 84 years	80	...	...	4,830	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,330	...	...	54,900	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,110	...	...	43,460	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	220	...	...	11,440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	200	...	...	10,480	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,145	...	...	28,185	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.7	...	...	57.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	9.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	685	...	...	825	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	820	...	...	900	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	249,919	...	...	170,360	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	284,690	...	...	186,597	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	185	...	...	26,785	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	8.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.8	...	...	32.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	695	...	...	578	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	720	...	...	614	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,810	1,440	1,375	93,950	44,980	48,980
No certificate, diploma or degree	550	330	220	17,410	8,025	9,385
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	790	405	385	20,600	9,185	11,415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,475	710	765	55,945	27,770	28,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	555	355	200	17,045	10,465	6,585
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	410	235	180	12,330	6,775	5,555
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	145	120	25	4,720	3,685	1,025
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	400	140	255	18,325	7,910	10,415
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	45	85	3,555	1,430	2,130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	395	175	220	17,010	7,970	9,050
Bachelor's degree	280	110	170	11,510	5,180	6,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	1,150	555	595
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	650	390	255
Master's degree	70	45	20	3,045	1,430	1,615
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	660	410	250
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,765	890	875	57,655	28,250	29,410
No certificate, diploma or degree	205	140	60	6,945	3,545	3,395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	515	260	250	10,395	5,080	5,315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,050	490	560	40,320	19,620	20,700
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	415	255	160	12,545	7,495	5,055
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	295	155	140	9,215	4,885	4,330
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	120	100	20	3,335	2,610	725
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	270	95	175	12,450	5,370	7,075
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	30	60	2,205	940	1,260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	270	110	160	13,115	5,810	7,305
Bachelor's degree	210	70	140	8,795	3,860	4,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	860	350	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	530	285	240
Master's degree	30	30	0	2,420	1,020	1,400
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	510	295	215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,810	1,440	1,370	93,955	44,975	48,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,340	730	610	38,010	17,210	20,800
Education	125	35	85	4,940	1,310	3,630
13. Education	125	40	85	4,940	1,310	3,630
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	1,615	710	900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	280	205	80
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	1,330	515	820
Humanities	90	20	70	2,815	1,265	1,555
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	345	100	250
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	30	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	15	50	1,390	630	760
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	160	110	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	190	110	80
54. History	0	0	0	185	135	50
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	485	160	325
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	40	80	4,565	1,405	3,160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	95	30	70
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	580	265	315
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	960	40	925
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	470	205	260
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	215	45	165
42. Psychology	20	15	10	1,530	405	1,125
45. Social sciences	20	0	10	715	420	295
Business, management and public administration	290	95	200	12,665	4,280	8,385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	10	750	180	575
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	275	85	195	11,905	4,095	7,810
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	15	1,985	1,180	805
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	705	320	385
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	120	100	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	535	285	250
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	535	420	115
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	100	60	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	10	1,630	1,105	530
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	1,250	940	310
25. Library science	0	0	0	210	40	170
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	130	80	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	45	35	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	335	315	25	12,575	11,725	850
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	275	180	95
14. Engineering	25	30	0	1,590	1,370	220
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	40	30	10	2,680	2,450	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	100	0	2,630	2,560	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	95	85	10	2,925	2,820	110
48. Precision production	60	60	0	2,470	2,340	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	110	30	1,180	780	395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	115	95	25	540	285	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	635	495	140
Health and related fields	190	25	170	7,815	1,800	6,020
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	15	665	365	295
51. Health professions and related programs	160	10	150	6,935	1,300	5,635
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	215	135	80
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	45	80	4,145	2,200	1,945
12. Personal and culinary services	85	15	70	2,415	655	1,755
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	10	710	630	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	1,015	910	105
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,765	890	875	57,655	28,250	29,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	715	405	315	17,335	8,630	8,710
Education	55	0	55	2,955	760	2,195
13. Education	60	0	55	2,955	760	2,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	1,180	555	630
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	200	150	55
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	980	405	575
Humanities	30	0	30	1,610	680	930
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	245	50	190
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	15	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	20	715	345	370
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	70	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	80	55	25
54. History	0	0	0	115	85	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	310	55	255
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90	30	55	3,550	1,110	2,435
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	75	30	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0	495	220	270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	30	695	25	675
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	365	160	205
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	155	35	120
42. Psychology	10	0	0	1,200	320	880
45. Social sciences	20	10	15	555	315	240
Business, management and public administration	215	70	145	9,585	3,020	6,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	520	105	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	205	60	145	9,065	2,915	6,150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	10	1,160	675	490
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	540	235	310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	65	55	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	95	55	40
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	400	300	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	1,370	920	450
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	1,115	825	285
25. Library science	0	0	0	160	25	140
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	60	35	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	265	245	20	8,930	8,215	710
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	215	130	85
14. Engineering	20	20	0	1,285	1,080	200
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	30	10	1,975	1,780	195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	75	0	1,840	1,795	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	70	10	2,000	1,920	85
48. Precision production	55	55	0	1,615	1,515	100
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	55	25	960	600	360
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	50	20	455	230	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	510	375	135
Health and related fields	150	15	135	5,770	1,375	4,395
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	0	10	495	255	235
51. Health professions and related programs	125	0	115	5,115	1,035	4,080
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	160	85	80
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	30	55	3,245	1,705	1,535
12. Personal and culinary services	60	15	50	1,830	455	1,375
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20	10	10	550	475	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	855	770	85
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,815	1,440	1,375	93,955	44,980	48,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,340	725	610	38,005	17,205	20,800
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,470	710	765	55,945	27,770	28,175
Location of study inside Canada	1,420	685	735	54,305	26,810	27,490
Same as province or territory of residence	1,375	655	715	53,570	26,385	27,185
Different than province or territory of residence	40	25	15	730	430	305
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	55	25	30	1,645	955	685
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	165	115	50
Philippines	0	0	0	20	20	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	10	45	40	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	25	35
France	15	15	10	420	235	190
Other	10	0	10	920	525	395
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,765	890	870	57,660	28,250	29,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	720	405	315	17,340	8,630	8,710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,045	490	555	40,320	19,620	20,700
Location of study inside Canada	1,010	475	535	38,995	18,870	20,125
Same as province or territory of residence	990	465	525	38,455	18,570	19,885
Different than province or territory of residence	20	10	0	535	295	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	15	25	1,320	750	575
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	95	65	30
Philippines	0	0	0	20	20	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	40	25	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	25	30
France	10	0	10	320	175	140
Other	10	0	10	785	435	350
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,815	1,440	1,375	93,955	44,975	48,975
In the labour force	1,820	1,020	805	54,250	27,640	26,610
Employed	1,775	980	795	49,975	25,015	24,955
Unemployed	50	35	15	4,280	2,625	1,655
Not in the labour force	990	425	565	39,705	17,335	22,370
Participation rate	64.7	70.8	58.5	57.7	61.5	54.3
Employment rate	63.1	68.1	57.8	53.2	55.6	51.0
Unemployment rate	2.7	3.4	1.9	7.9	9.5	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,815	1,440	1,375	93,950	44,975	48,975
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	880	365	520	37,585	16,275	21,310
Worked	1,925	1,080	850	56,370	28,705	27,670
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	860	520	335	25,545	13,820	11,725
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,070	555	510	30,825	14,885	15,940
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.7	42.1	42.4	42.2	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,820	1,020	805	54,250	27,640	26,610
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,655	835	820
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,820	1,020	805	52,595	26,805	25,790
Employee	1,365	695	670	47,470	23,960	23,510
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	460	320	135	5,125	2,845	2,280
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,825	1,020	805	54,250	27,640	26,610
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,655	840	820
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,820	1,015	805	52,595	26,805	25,790
0 Management occupations	240	170	65	4,165	2,625	1,540
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	220	70	145	8,120	2,570	5,550
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	50	40	10	2,885	2,290	595
3 Health occupations	125	30	90	4,730	1,010	3,720
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	245	75	170	6,820	2,210	4,615
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	15	50	1,315	605	710
6 Sales and service occupations	330	120	210	14,315	6,145	8,175
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	285	280	0	7,095	6,715	385
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	105	95	15	390	335	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	170	120	45	2,750	2,305	455
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,825	1,020	805	54,255	27,640	26,610
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,655	840	820
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,825	1,020	805	52,595	26,805	25,790
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	225	165	55	340	220	120
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	115	105	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	720	575	145
23 Construction	130	100	25	2,630	2,350	275
31-33 Manufacturing	275	200	75	6,005	4,770	1,230
41 Wholesale trade	70	45	25	1,360	1,050	310
44-45 Retail trade	150	75	75	7,345	3,355	3,985
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	70	15	2,015	1,660	360
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	1,205	645	560
52 Finance and insurance	65	35	30	1,665	665	1,000
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	15	10	600	380	225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	45	25	2,660	1,530	1,130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	80	65	20	2,160	1,290	870
61 Educational services	110	20	85	4,550	1,600	2,945
62 Health care and social assistance	210	35	170	8,390	1,740	6,650
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	945	505	440
72 Accommodation and food services	105	35	70	4,320	1,840	2,480
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	65	55	2,480	1,030	1,450
91 Public administration	95	30	65	3,075	1,500	1,575
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,775	980	790	49,970	25,015	24,955
Worked at home	205	135	70	2,540	1,150	1,390
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	130	80	45
No fixed workplace address	195	150	40	3,905	2,875	1,030
Worked at usual place	1,370	695	670	43,400	20,915	22,490
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,365	695	675	43,400	20,915	22,490
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	240	145	95	34,170	15,480	18,690
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	825	370	460	450	240	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	305	180	120	8,720	5,145	3,575
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	55	45	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,565	845	710	47,305	23,785	23,515
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,370	745	620	40,920	20,815	20,105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	55	20	35	1,705	680	1,025
Public transit	30	15	10	1,375	525	850
Walked	75	50	25	2,460	1,210	1,255
Bicycle	10	10	10	465	365	105
Other method	25	10	15	375	195	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,560	850	715	47,305	23,785	23,520
Less than 15 minutes	630	295	330	22,475	10,380	12,095
15 to 29 minutes	490	260	235	16,800	8,505	8,290
30 to 44 minutes	230	150	85	5,020	2,875	2,145
45 to 59 minutes	80	50	30	1,110	665	445
60 minutes and over	130	90	40	1,910	1,360	545
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,565	845	710	47,305	23,785	23,520
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	110	60	45	1,635	1,210	425
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	390	275	115	6,825	4,635	2,185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	440	190	245	16,990	8,310	8,675
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	270	115	155	10,385	4,080	6,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	160	70	90	4,075	1,575	2,505
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	200	140	65	7,400	3,985	3,415
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,990	1,110	880	57,855	29,465	28,390
Single responses	1,805	1,015	790	56,835	28,900	27,935
Official languages	1,800	1,010	790	56,770	28,865	27,905
English	280	155	125	795	485	315
French	1,525	860	665	55,970	28,380	27,590
Non-official languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	15	15	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	10	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	95	85	1,020	565	455
English and French	175	90	85	960	535	425
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	20	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,985	1,105	880	57,855	29,470	28,390
None	1,100	625	475	49,930	24,655	25,270
English	710	385	325	7,155	4,390	2,770
French	165	95	75	560	330	235
Non-official language	10	10	0	140	60	80
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	135	60	75
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,360	1,695	1,665	108,120	52,365	55,750
Non-movers	3,105	1,595	1,510	92,815	44,910	47,900
Movers	260	95	160	15,305	7,460	7,845
Non-migrants	80	40	40	10,865	5,290	5,570
Migrants	180	60	115	4,440	2,165	2,275
Internal migrants	180	65	120	4,045	1,940	2,105
Intraprovincial migrants	180	65	115	3,945	1,880	2,065
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	100	60	35
External migrants	0	0	0	395	225	175
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,235	1,620	1,615	104,285	50,285	53,995
Non-movers	2,440	1,240	1,200	63,655	30,635	33,020
Movers	795	375	415	40,625	19,650	20,975
Non-migrants	210	115	95	27,360	13,370	13,990
Migrants	580	265	320	13,270	6,280	6,990
Internal migrants	570	260	310	11,560	5,420	6,145
Intraprovincial migrants	565	260	305	11,315	5,295	6,020
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	245	120	125
External migrants	10	10	10	1,710	865	845

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Dunham, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dunham, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Dunham, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dunham, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec