Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Brome, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Westmount, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,495	...	...	20,312	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,609	...	...	19,931	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.0	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,560	...	...	9,617	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	26.5	...	...	5,024.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	207.29	...	...	4.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,495	2,670	2,825	20,310	9,395	10,920
0 to 14 years	650	325	320	3,030	1,555	1,470
0 to 4 years	205	95	105	780	395	385
5 to 9 years	210	105	100	1,080	570	510
10 to 14 years	235	120	115	1,170	595	570
15 to 64 years	3,135	1,535	1,595	12,025	5,610	6,410
15 to 19 years	245	125	120	1,395	725	670
20 to 24 years	225	115	110	1,365	670	700
25 to 29 years	185	100	90	1,010	495	510
30 to 34 years	185	85	100	840	390	450
35 to 39 years	235	115	120	970	440	530
40 to 44 years	250	115	135	1,125	490	630
45 to 49 years	285	150	140	1,225	545	680
50 to 54 years	430	215	215	1,440	640	800
55 to 59 years	515	260	255	1,430	670	760
60 to 64 years	585	255	330	1,230	535	690
65 years and over	1,715	810	905	5,260	2,230	3,035
65 to 69 years	645	310	330	1,400	630	775
70 to 74 years	465	230	235	1,135	485	650
75 to 79 years	245	125	115	910	425	490
80 to 84 years	145	75	70	745	315	435
85 years and over	220	75	150	1,065	375	695
85 to 89 years	115	45	70	625	245	375
90 to 94 years	70	20	45	320	105	220
95 to 99 years	30	5	25	100	25	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.8	12.2	11.3	14.9	16.6	13.5
15 to 64 years	57.1	57.5	56.5	59.2	59.7	58.7
65 years and over	31.2	30.3	32.0	25.9	23.7	27.8
85 years and over	4.0	2.8	5.3	5.2	4.0	6.4
Average age of the population	50.0	49.1	50.7	45.1	43.2	46.8
Median age of the population	55.7	54.8	56.5	46.7	44.0	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Single-detached house	2,100	...	...	1,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	3,185	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	390	...	...	4,425	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	1,335	...	...
Row house	25	...	...	1,170	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	260	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	300	...	...	1,640	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	70	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
1 person	870	...	...	3,050	...	...
2 persons	1,090	...	...	2,695	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...	1,165	...	...
4 persons	210	...	...	1,175	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	590	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,340	...	...	19,780	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,850	2,345	2,505	17,280	7,840	9,445
Married or living common law	2,945	1,480	1,465	9,475	4,745	4,730
Married	2,015	1,005	1,010	8,240	4,090	4,150
Living common law	925	470	460	1,230	655	580
Not married and not living common law	1,905	870	1,035	7,810	3,095	4,715
Never married	1,025	565	455	5,090	2,500	2,590
Separated	60	40	25	305	90	210
Divorced	440	195	245	1,145	315	830
Widowed	385	75	310	1,270	190	1,080
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,660	...	...	5,345	...	...
2 persons	1,110	...	...	2,565	...	...
3 persons	260	...	...	1,105	...	...
4 persons	200	...	...	1,160	...	...
5 or more persons	95	...	...	515	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,660	...	...	5,345	...	...
Total couple families	1,445	...	...	4,560	...	...
Married couples	980	...	...	3,945	...	...
Common-law couples	465	...	...	615	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	215	...	...	785	...	...
Female parent	150	...	...	640	...	...
Male parent	65	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,445	...	...	4,560	...	...
Couples without children	985	...	...	2,160	...	...
Couples with children	460	...	...	2,405	...	...
1 child	185	...	...	810	...	...
2 children	185	...	...	1,090	...	...
3 or more children	85	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	220	...	...	785	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	410	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	290	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,055	480	575	4,000	1,435	2,565
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
One-census-family households	1,630	...	...	5,265	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	980	...	...	2,120	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	655	...	...	3,140	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	920	...	...	3,380	...	...
One-person households	870	...	...	3,050	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	45	...	...	330	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,380	2,635	2,745	19,940	9,270	10,670
English only	1,065	520	545	4,015	1,780	2,235
French only	805	365	440	510	215	295
English and French	3,505	1,750	1,760	15,235	7,185	8,050
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	185	90	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,380	2,635	2,745	19,945	9,275	10,670
English	2,620	1,285	1,340	13,585	6,370	7,215
French	2,705	1,330	1,370	4,910	2,235	2,670
English and French	55	25	30	1,275	580	690
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	170	90	85
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,650	1,290	1,350	14,220	6,660	7,565
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	49.3	49.0	49.2	71.3	71.8	70.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,380	2,635	2,745	19,940	9,275	10,670
Single responses	5,285	2,585	2,690	19,065	8,870	10,195
Official languages	5,085	2,505	2,575	14,465	6,830	7,630
English	2,430	1,195	1,235	10,225	4,870	5,355
French	2,655	1,310	1,350	4,240	1,960	2,280
Non-official languages	200	85	115	4,600	2,040	2,555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	80	115	4,600	2,045	2,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	570	295	275
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	570	290	275
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	5	5	520	270	250
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	25	20
Maltese	5	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	35	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	40	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	80	20	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	70	15	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	65	95	2,720	1,220	1,500
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Armenian	5	0	5	60	30	35
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	605	240	365
Baltic languages	5	0	5	25	10	20
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lithuanian	5	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages	30	10	20	575	230	345
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Croatian	0	0	5	15	5	5
Czech	5	0	5	35	15	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	110	40	70
Russian	5	5	0	230	90	140
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	55	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	405	165	240
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dutch	15	0	15	60	25	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	30	220	90	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	5	5	0	5
Swedish	0	5	0	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	75	35	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	135	75	60
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	415	205	205
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Bengali	0	0	0	20	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iranian languages	5	0	5	305	150	155
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	295	140	150
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	1,085	500	585
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italian	20	10	10	295	145	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	55	60
Romanian	5	0	5	110	50	60
Spanish	20	10	15	550	245	300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	80	35	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	5	5	0	280	100	180
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	5	10	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	565	255	310
Chinese languages	10	5	0	565	255	310
Cantonese	5	0	5	85	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	420	195	230
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	45	20	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	5	0	0	35	10	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	10	5	5	120	45	70
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	5	5	5	95	40	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	45	55	875	400	475
English and French	85	35	45	385	180	205
English and non-official language	10	5	0	260	120	140
French and non-official language	5	5	0	140	60	80
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	95	40	55
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,385	2,640	2,740	19,940	9,270	10,670
Single responses	5,255	2,580	2,670	18,795	8,755	10,040
Official languages	5,215	2,560	2,655	16,625	7,750	8,875
English	2,670	1,315	1,360	12,920	6,040	6,875
French	2,545	1,250	1,295	3,705	1,710	1,995
Non-official languages	45	20	20	2,175	1,005	1,170
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	2,175	1,000	1,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	250	120	135
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	250	120	130
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	235	115	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	1,085	515	570
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	255	115	140
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	255	115	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	135	65	70
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	60	25	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	5	0	5	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	35	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	255	120	135
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	5	5	0	215	100	115
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	210	95	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	460	230	230
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	55	35	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Spanish	5	5	5	295	140	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	25	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Korean	5	0	5	230	80	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	430	210	220
Chinese languages	10	5	0	425	205	220
Cantonese	5	5	5	40	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	365	175	185
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	15	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	55	70	1,145	520	625
English and French	95	40	55	430	210	220
English and non-official language	15	10	10	430	185	245
French and non-official language	5	5	0	110	45	60
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	175	75	105
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,380	2,635	2,740	19,945	9,270	10,670
None	4,225	2,080	2,145	13,515	6,320	7,195
English	470	225	245	2,155	975	1,180
French	580	290	290	2,330	1,120	1,215
Non-official language	75	25	50	1,390	600	795
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	30	45	1,390	595	790
English and French	0	0	0	195	95	95
English and non-official language	15	5	15	115	45	65
French and non-official language	10	5	5	235	120	115
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,695	2,290	2,400	16,755	7,680	9,075
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,575	2,245	2,335	15,880	7,280	8,600
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,468	37,712	29,744	50,053	64,583	43,123
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,575	2,245	2,335	15,885	7,280	8,610
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,483	32,533	26,743	41,674	52,265	36,829
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,125	2,045	2,085	14,840	6,865	7,975
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,885	33,792	24,533	48,071	65,004	39,926
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,590	1,715	1,875	11,040	4,515	6,520
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,507	9,228	9,664	6,690	4,504	7,261
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,950	1,540	1,405	10,860	5,420	5,440
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,088	26,432	24,064	38,194	53,478	30,034
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,715	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,685	9,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,590	2,275	2,310	15,775	7,195	8,585
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,865	59,187	38,721	162,473	260,110	80,639
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,595	2,275	2,320	15,785	7,195	8,595
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,147	46,738	31,696	107,739	165,826	59,131
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,190	2,105	2,085	14,760	6,835	7,925
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,313	56,298	34,230	167,733	269,278	80,207
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,550	1,710	1,845	10,890	4,375	6,510
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,690	9,468	9,896	8,041	7,146	8,641
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,995	1,605	1,385	10,855	5,450	5,405
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,533	46,505	33,622	143,077	221,409	64,118
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,715	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,685	9,070
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,185	625	560	4,115	2,365	1,755
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,308	44,916	37,416	81,519	105,214	63,903
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,084	80,066	50,559	225,693	311,881	109,254
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.1	88.4	80.0	96.4	98.0	92.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	53.1	55.3	50.0	59.0	63.4	48.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.9	11.5	20.0	3.6	1.9	7.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,695	2,290	2,400	16,755	7,680	9,070
Without total income	120	45	70	875	400	465
With total income	4,575	2,245	2,335	15,880	7,275	8,605
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.0	97.3	94.8	94.7	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	225	325	2,415	1,050	1,365
$10,000 to $19,999	830	370	455	1,895	760	1,135
$20,000 to $29,999	685	290	395	1,440	540	900
$30,000 to $39,999	640	315	335	1,110	430	680
$40,000 to $49,999	510	250	265	1,070	385	685
$50,000 to $59,999	350	185	165	905	325	580
$60,000 to $69,999	265	155	105	745	300	445
$70,000 to $79,999	155	85	75	690	280	410
$80,000 to $89,999	140	80	60	620	255	360
$90,000 to $99,999	75	40	30	445	180	265
$100,000 and over	375	245	130	4,540	2,765	1,775
$100,000 to $149,999	170	105	65	1,470	695	770
$150,000 and over	205	140	60	3,075	2,070	1,000
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,690	2,290	2,405	16,755	7,680	9,070
Without after-tax income	115	50	65	865	405	460
With after-tax income	4,580	2,240	2,335	15,890	7,280	8,605
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.8	97.1	94.8	94.8	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	600	235	365	2,595	1,120	1,470
$10,000 to $19,999	870	395	470	2,000	795	1,200
$20,000 to $29,999	860	370	490	1,625	610	1,015
$30,000 to $39,999	760	380	385	1,485	555	935
$40,000 to $49,999	510	270	235	1,290	465	820
$50,000 to $59,999	315	185	130	1,035	435	605
$60,000 to $69,999	210	120	90	865	345	515
$70,000 to $79,999	105	50	50	645	280	365
$80,000 and over	350	235	115	4,350	2,665	1,680
$80,000 to $89,999	70	50	25	555	245	310
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20	425	220	205
$100,000 and over	230	160	70	3,370	2,205	1,160
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,695	2,290	2,400	16,755	7,685	9,070
Without employment income	1,745	745	995	5,895	2,260	3,630
With employment income	2,950	1,540	1,405	10,855	5,420	5,440
Percentage with employment income	62.8	67.2	58.5	64.8	70.5	60.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	570	305	270	1,915	895	1,015
$5,000 to $9,999	270	130	140	845	370	480
$10,000 to $19,999	440	225	215	1,180	500	685
$20,000 to $29,999	355	160	190	880	360	525
$30,000 to $39,999	345	170	180	715	270	445
$40,000 to $49,999	250	125	130	600	235	360
$50,000 to $59,999	185	105	80	505	205	295
$60,000 to $69,999	135	75	60	400	165	235
$70,000 to $79,999	80	40	40	390	185	200
$80,000 and over	320	215	110	3,430	2,230	1,200
$80,000 to $89,999	70	45	25	325	165	160
$90,000 to $99,999	40	20	15	275	125	145
$100,000 and over	220	150	65	2,820	1,940	885
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,821	...	...	100,153	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,595	...	...	79,514	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	870	...	...	3,050	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,704	...	...	51,484	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,376	...	...	42,423	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,690	...	...	5,635	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,519	...	...	156,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,098	...	...	119,738	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,431	...	...	295,099	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,096	...	...	195,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	865	...	...	3,035	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	67,928	...	...	85,566	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,502	...	...	63,137	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	5,645	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,329	...	...	407,865	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,025	...	...	267,280	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	290	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...	310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	250	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	450	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	195	...	...	430	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	385	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	295	...	...
$100,000 and over	660	...	...	4,340	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	560	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	490	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	145	...	...	645	...	...
$200,000 and over	185	...	...	2,650	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	335	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	130	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	335	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	150	...	...	335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	140	...	...	280	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185	...	...	310	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	320	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	310	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	500	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	190	...	...	390	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...	365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	90	...	...	300	...	...
$100,000 and over	460	...	...	3,665	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	170	...	...	625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	100	...	...	450	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...	2,585	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,660	...	...	5,405	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,194	...	...	162,455	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,496	...	...	124,621	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	2,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,928	...	...	153,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,845	...	...	117,088	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	2,415	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,000	...	...	241,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,664	...	...	176,333	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,336	...	...	67,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,136	...	...	56,992	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,660	...	...	5,435	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,772	...	...	420,226	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,293	...	...	274,724	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	985	...	...	2,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,874	...	...	488,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,083	...	...	310,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	475	...	...	2,385	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,025	...	...	474,881	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,679	...	...	314,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	790	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,768	...	...	129,226	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,642	...	...	91,571	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	975	445	535	3,695	1,310	2,385
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,904	33,152	30,944	43,238	38,016	45,856
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,395	28,992	27,968	36,933	33,638	38,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	960	435	530	3,640	1,300	2,340
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	64,589	88,801	44,718	76,565	82,290	73,382
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,223	67,306	36,202	57,055	59,087	55,925
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,340	2,615	2,725	19,785	9,240	10,540
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,070	1,480	1,590	6,525	2,870	3,660
In the bottom decile	455	220	230	2,275	1,030	1,245
In the second decile	665	320	345	1,230	530	700
In the third decile	685	320	365	1,070	460	610
In the fourth decile	630	305	325	965	410	555
In the fifth decile	635	315	320	990	440	550
In the top half of the distribution	2,275	1,135	1,140	13,255	6,375	6,880
In the sixth decile	525	260	270	885	380	505
In the seventh decile	450	220	235	1,020	435	575
In the eighth decile	405	205	200	1,390	630	760
In the ninth decile	355	175	180	1,810	850	960
In the top decile	535	285	255	8,145	4,070	4,080
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,340	2,615	2,725	19,780	9,240	10,545
0 to 17 years	810	400	410	3,825	1,985	1,840
0 to 5 years	255	120	135	965	500	465
18 to 64 years	2,925	1,435	1,490	11,190	5,165	6,025
65 years and over	1,600	780	825	4,765	2,090	2,680
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	790	380	410	2,835	1,270	1,565
0 to 17 years	165	85	80	620	325	295
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	125	70	60
18 to 64 years	410	205	210	1,760	760	995
65 years and over	220	90	125	460	190	270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.5	15.0	14.3	13.7	14.8
0 to 17 years (%)	20.4	21.3	19.5	16.2	16.4	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	20.8	18.5	13.0	14.0	12.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	14.3	14.1	15.7	14.7	16.5
65 years and over (%)	13.8	11.5	15.2	9.7	9.1	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	225	120	105	2,550	1,145	1,405
0 to 17 years	40	20	20	535	280	250
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	105	55	50
18 to 64 years	160	90	70	1,680	735	945
65 years and over	25	10	15	340	135	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.6	3.9	12.9	12.4	13.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.0	4.9	14.0	14.1	13.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	4.2	7.4	10.9	11.0	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	6.3	4.7	15.0	14.2	15.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.3	1.8	7.1	6.5	7.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,340	2,645	2,695	19,785	9,235	10,545
Official languages	5,340	2,645	2,690	19,615	9,170	10,445
English	4,615	2,350	2,270	19,090	8,950	10,140
French	4,275	2,080	2,195	15,695	7,495	8,200
Non-official languages	400	220	180	7,665	3,420	4,240
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	395	220	180	7,660	3,420	4,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	1,320	710	610
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,325	710	610
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	925	485	445
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	405	235	170
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	145	80	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	145	80	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	80	25	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	75	25	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	355	205	150	5,105	2,225	2,885
Albanian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Armenian	0	0	0	40	10	35
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	665	290	370
Baltic languages	10	0	0	25	0	25
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	10	0	10	20	10	15
Slavic languages	40	25	15	635	285	350
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	10	0	70	30	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	20	80	35	40
Russian	0	0	0	385	170	220
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	90	40	50	940	425	520
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dutch	10	0	10	90	30	60
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	30	35	675	290	385
Icelandic	10	0	10	15	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	180	95	85
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	140	80	65
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	0	480	220	260
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	155	80	75
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	110	60	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	325	140	185
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	325	145	180
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	205	130	75	3,160	1,310	1,850
Catalan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italian	50	40	10	1,050	450	600
Portuguese	0	10	0	180	105	75
Romanian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Spanish	155	90	70	2,115	850	1,260
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Georgian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Korean	0	0	0	385	140	245
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	10	40	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	655	295	365
Chinese languages	0	0	0	655	295	360
Cantonese	0	0	0	95	35	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	590	265	325
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	55	30	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	40	15	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages	10	10	10	110	30	75
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	95	25	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,340	2,645	2,700	19,780	9,240	10,540
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,225	2,610	2,615	17,190	8,040	9,155
Canadian citizens aged under 18	810	405	405	3,235	1,695	1,540
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,410	2,205	2,210	13,955	6,345	7,610
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	120	35	80	2,590	1,200	1,390
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,340	2,645	2,695	19,780	9,235	10,545
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,945	2,485	2,465	13,365	6,390	6,975
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	390	160	230	5,265	2,345	2,925
Before 1981	200	95	105	1,955	850	1,110
1981 to 1990	40	10	25	540	230	310
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	675	280	400
2001 to 2010	65	25	45	1,020	440	580
2001 to 2005	40	10	25	450	200	250
2006 to 2010	25	10	20	570	245	330
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	10	30	1,075	550	520
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,150	505	650
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	390	155	230	5,265	2,345	2,920
Under 5 years	65	25	40	565	210	355
5 to 14 years	60	35	25	920	440	475
15 to 24 years	60	10	50	995	450	550
25 to 44 years	175	85	85	2,255	985	1,270
45 years and over	30	10	25	525	250	275
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	390	160	230	5,265	2,340	2,920
Americas	105	20	85	905	430	475
Brazil	0	0	0	30	10	15
Colombia	10	0	0	40	15	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	15	15	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	10	80	25	50
Peru	0	0	0	45	25	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	15	60	440	205	240
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	215	115	100
Europe	230	125	105	2,010	855	1,155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	40	15	25
France	55	30	25	425	160	265
Germany	40	15	25	120	45	75
Greece	10	10	0	50	30	20
Hungary	0	0	0	60	25	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Italy	10	0	0	150	60	90
Netherlands	0	0	0	30	20	15
Poland	0	0	10	70	40	35
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	0
Romania	10	0	0	90	45	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	110	50	60
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	35	30	420	190	230
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	350	135	215
Africa	20	0	10	395	215	175
Algeria	10	0	0	35	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	145	90	55
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	155	65	90
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	50	35	15
Asia	40	10	35	1,940	835	1,105
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	405	165	235
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	20	10
India	10	0	10	115	60	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	245	120	125
Iraq	0	0	0	0	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	170	40	125
Lebanon	0	0	0	240	125	110
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	20	15
Philippines	10	10	10	75	35	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	185	85	100
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	10	90	25	65
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	320	125	190
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	10	25	1,070	550	525
Americas	20	0	15	220	130	85
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	35	15	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	55	35	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	75	50	25
Europe	10	0	10	235	130	105
France	0	0	10	150	75	80
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	20	10
Africa	10	10	0	90	45	45
Algeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	40	15	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	525	235	285
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	215	105	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	15	15	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	95	15	75
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	55	20	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,340	2,645	2,695	19,785	9,240	10,545
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	415	180	235	6,810	3,070	3,735
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	580	270	315	4,930	2,425	2,505
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,350	2,195	2,150	8,040	3,745	4,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	195	65	130	3,370	1,530	1,840
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	75	35	40	2,510	1,175	1,330
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	30	15	1,015	575	440
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	35	10	30	1,490	600	890
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	100	30	75	630	245	395
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	0	10	195	95	100
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,340	2,645	2,700	19,780	9,240	10,540
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	110	65	50	30	15	15
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	105	60	40	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	65	45	20	15	10	10
Métis	40	20	20	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,225	2,575	2,650	19,755	9,225	10,530
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,340	2,640	2,695	19,780	9,235	10,545
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	0	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,325	2,630	2,690	19,775	9,235	10,540
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,340	2,645	2,695	19,780	9,240	10,545
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	0	25	10	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	10	25	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	0	25	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	215	110	105	185	90	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	215	110	100	185	90	100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	85	80	165	80	85
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	15	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,095	2,530	2,565	19,585	9,155	10,435
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,340	2,645	2,695	19,785	9,240	10,545
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	105	40	70	3,560	1,650	1,915
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	10	340	175	160
Chinese	10	0	10	765	335	425
Black	25	20	10	355	210	145
Filipino	10	10	10	140	50	85
Latin American	20	0	15	285	125	160
Arab	0	0	0	530	250	285
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	255	115	140
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	285	150	140
Korean	0	0	0	415	155	265
Japanese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	25	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	95	30	65
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,235	2,605	2,630	16,225	7,595	8,630
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,340	2,645	2,695	19,785	9,240	10,540
North American Aboriginal origins	240	115	130	200	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian)	200	90	105	180	85	95
Inuit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	45	25	25	20	10	10
Other North American origins	3,170	1,605	1,570	5,365	2,485	2,880
Acadian	35	20	10	20	10	10
American	130	80	50	615	265	350
Canadian	3,070	1,555	1,515	4,855	2,240	2,615
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	25	10	15
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	20	25	135	50	80
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,170	1,595	1,575	13,855	6,535	7,320
British Isles origins	1,845	955	890	5,685	2,605	3,080
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	950	480	465	2,865	1,295	1,570
Irish	855	420	430	2,615	1,225	1,385
Manx	0	0	0	10	15	0
Scottish	635	315	325	2,355	1,010	1,345
Welsh	100	45	50	270	110	160
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	100	50	55	710	325	390
French origins	1,375	690	680	3,600	1,715	1,885
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	15	0	10
French	1,370	690	680	3,570	1,695	1,880
Western European origins (except French origins)	400	185	215	2,295	995	1,305
Austrian	10	0	0	400	170	225
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	30	35	280	115	170
Dutch	90	40	50	315	120	200
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	195	100	95	1,405	635	770
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	55	30	25	140	55	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	75	20	55	450	190	260
Danish	15	0	10	65	30	35
Finnish	15	0	15	65	25	35
Icelandic	10	10	10	45	10	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	150	65	80
Swedish	35	10	30	140	50	90
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Eastern European origins	210	90	115	4,490	2,265	2,230
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Czech	20	15	10	225	120	105
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	70	25	45
Estonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hungarian	30	10	20	555	275	280
Latvian	0	0	0	65	15	55
Lithuanian	10	0	10	290	150	145
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	70	30	35	1,685	890	790
Romanian	10	0	0	700	355	340
Russian	40	15	25	1,890	940	950
Slovak	20	10	10	55	25	25
Ukrainian	35	0	25	455	220	230
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Southern European origins	195	95	100	2,540	1,245	1,300
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	10	325	175	145
Italian	135	75	60	1,505	720	790
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	10	10	0	30	25	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	150	70	80
Serbian	15	10	10	55	30	25
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	20	0	20	475	230	240
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	0	25	885	490	400
Basque	10	0	0	25	15	10
Jewish	20	0	20	750	420	325
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	120	55	65
Caribbean origins	15	0	10	275	165	105
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	45	35	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	100	65	35
Jamaican	10	0	10	65	30	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	10	25	645	280	370
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Chilean	15	10	10	75	30	40
Colombian	15	0	10	85	40	40
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	10	135	60	80
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	110	45	70
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	65	20	50
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	10	20
African origins	15	10	0	1,000	505	490
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	55	35	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	820	395	425
Algerian	0	0	0	110	40	65
Berber	0	0	0	35	15	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	220	110	115
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	440	220	225
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	55	30	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	70	55	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	15	15	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	10	0	20	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	60	30	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	45	30	10
Asian origins	70	20	45	3,985	1,840	2,145
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	15	10	1,920	940	980
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	70	20	55
Armenian	0	0	0	100	35	70
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	55	15	40
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	390	185	205
Iraqi	0	0	0	175	105	70
Israeli	10	0	0	95	45	50
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	620	290	330
Palestinian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	310	170	140
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	135	55	80
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Asian origins	20	10	10	390	195	195
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	0	10	320	170	150
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	10	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	0	20	1,750	740	1,015
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	15	0	15	855	375	485
Filipino	10	10	10	140	55	90
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	35	65
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	425	165	260
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	250	110	135
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	45	35	15
Australian	0	0	0	40	25	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Owner	2,085	...	...	4,570	...	...
Renter	480	...	...	4,120	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Condominium	160	...	...	1,210	...	...
Not condominium	2,400	...	...	7,475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	55	...	...
1 bedroom	175	...	...	1,855	...	...
2 bedrooms	780	...	...	2,375	...	...
3 bedrooms	945	...	...	1,880	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	660	...	...	2,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	470	...	...	3,110	...	...
5 rooms	390	...	...	1,100	...	...
6 rooms	350	...	...	865	...	...
7 rooms	460	...	...	870	...	...
8 or more rooms	900	...	...	2,745	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,555	...	...	8,555	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Suitable	2,505	...	...	8,280	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
1960 or before	830	...	...	5,765	...	...
1961 to 1980	690	...	...	2,035	...	...
1981 to 1990	430	...	...	480	...	...
1991 to 2000	185	...	...	180	...	...
2001 to 2005	175	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	190	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	65	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,330	...	...	8,000	...	...
Major repairs needed	235	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,665	...	...	6,195	...	...
2 household maintainers	880	...	...	2,405	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,565	...	...	8,685	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	270	...	...
25 to 34 years	200	...	...	815	...	...
35 to 44 years	235	...	...	1,140	...	...
45 to 54 years	400	...	...	1,490	...	...
55 to 64 years	630	...	...	1,670	...	...
65 to 74 years	685	...	...	1,575	...	...
75 to 84 years	275	...	...	1,110	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,505	...	...	8,620	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,075	...	...	5,885	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	435	...	...	2,730	...	...
30% to less than 100%	355	...	...	2,095	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,040	...	...	4,570	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.2	...	...	36.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	17.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	759	...	...	1,807	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	946	...	...	2,304	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,686	...	...	1,200,698	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	390,274	...	...	1,425,737	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	480	...	...	4,120	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.5	...	...	3.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.0	...	...	48.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	633	...	...	1,312	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	692	...	...	1,550	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,715	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,685	9,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	775	465	315	1,035	520	515
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,225	560	660	2,340	1,080	1,265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,715	1,315	1,400	13,375	6,085	7,295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	545	320	220	375	170	205
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	365	200	165	270	105	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	180	125	60	105	60	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	825	345	480	2,330	950	1,380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	90	120	525	175	350
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,135	565	580	10,150	4,790	5,355
Bachelor's degree	715	310	405	4,850	2,100	2,750
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	75	60	955	435	525
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	30	730	440	295
Master's degree	185	120	65	2,910	1,450	1,455
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	40	15	705	370	335
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,625	1,310	1,320	9,225	4,285	4,945
No certificate, diploma or degree	275	195	80	135	85	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	725	345	385	705	330	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,625	770	855	8,390	3,865	4,525
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	390	215	175	200	100	95
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	260	130	130	130	60	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	135	80	50	70	40	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	510	205	305	1,050	455	595
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	60	50	295	110	185
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	610	285	320	6,850	3,200	3,650
Bachelor's degree	405	185	225	3,230	1,445	1,785
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	35	610	260	350
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	25	460	250	215
Master's degree	85	55	35	2,115	1,045	1,070
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	430	195	230
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,715	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,680	9,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,995	1,020	975	3,375	1,595	1,780
Education	205	60	150	715	100	615
13. Education	205	55	150	715	95	615
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	85	100	900	290	610
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	50	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	175	65	100	850	260	590
Humanities	230	115	115	1,465	455	1,010
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	15	15	245	35	210
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	20	315	90	230
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	60	55	450	155	290
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	95	50	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	25	10	15
54. History	20	10	10	195	95	95
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	10	140	15	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	105	195	2,750	1,135	1,615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	50	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	220	70	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	30	120	25	95
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	45	785	420	365
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	10	15	0	20
42. Psychology	45	10	30	475	95	375
45. Social sciences	115	60	60	1,085	515	570
Business, management and public administration	585	245	345	3,270	1,740	1,530
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15	170	20	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	565	230	335	3,100	1,725	1,380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	60	20	725	350	370
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	10	290	100	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	205	105	105
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	205	150	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	30	425	265	160
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	35	20	245	175	65
25. Library science	10	0	0	65	10	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	115	75	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	455	420	35	1,360	1,010	355
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	315	175	140
14. Engineering	85	75	10	840	660	180
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	100	10	90	80	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	80	0	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0	40	30	0
48. Precision production	65	65	0	50	35	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	30	55	25	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	45	15	25	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	25	10	20
Health and related fields	350	60	295	1,580	660	915
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	25	15	55	15	40
51. Health professions and related programs	295	35	265	1,190	460	730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	330	180	150
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	80	85	145	60	90
12. Personal and culinary services	85	20	65	95	20	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	15	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	30	15	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,625	1,305	1,320	9,225	4,280	4,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,000	535	465	840	425	420
Education	90	20	70	375	70	305
13. Education	95	25	70	375	70	305
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	50	50	570	205	365
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	45	30	15
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	50	535	175	355
Humanities	100	60	45	815	270	550
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	10	120	10	110
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	215	50	165
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	50	20	170	80	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	55	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	15	0	15
54. History	0	0	0	140	80	60
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	90	0	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	55	135	1,755	745	1,010
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	45	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	165	55	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25	70	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30	560	280	285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	20	0	15	275	65	215
45. Social sciences	70	30	40	635	325	305
Business, management and public administration	390	150	245	2,245	1,170	1,075
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	85	10	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	380	140	235	2,160	1,160	1,000
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	10	340	140	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	195	65	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	60	20	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	85	50	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	35	25	250	170	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	25	20	175	145	30
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	50	25	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	290	270	25	970	680	295
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	245	130	115
14. Engineering	45	35	15	615	465	155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	75	0	30	30	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	65	60	0	15	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	30	25	0
48. Precision production	55	55	0	30	20	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	50	20	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	10	25	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	25	0	15
Health and related fields	185	30	155	900	355	545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	0	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	155	10	140	635	230	410
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	230	110	115
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	50	70	105	40	65
12. Personal and culinary services	70	20	55	70	15	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	15	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	10	30	15	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,710	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,685	9,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,995	1,020	975	3,375	1,595	1,780
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,715	1,315	1,405	13,380	6,090	7,290
Location of study inside Canada	2,480	1,205	1,275	9,730	4,320	5,420
Same as province or territory of residence	2,245	1,065	1,180	8,320	3,595	4,725
Different than province or territory of residence	240	145	95	1,415	725	695
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	110	125	3,645	1,770	1,870
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	30	35	1,085	605	480
Philippines	10	0	10	50	15	35
India	0	0	0	50	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	30	25	505	315	195
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	180	70	110
France	25	10	15	395	200	190
Other	80	40	35	1,375	535	840
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,625	1,310	1,315	9,225	4,280	4,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,000	535	465	840	425	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,625	770	855	8,390	3,865	4,525
Location of study inside Canada	1,505	725	775	6,000	2,730	3,270
Same as province or territory of residence	1,385	665	720	5,065	2,245	2,815
Different than province or territory of residence	120	65	55	940	480	455
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	120	45	80	2,385	1,130	1,255
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	15	25	615	325	290
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	30
India	0	0	0	40	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	10	15	240	170	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	180	70	110
France	15	10	10	330	170	165
Other	35	0	30	945	370	575
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,710	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,685	9,070
In the labour force	2,595	1,360	1,235	9,755	5,065	4,685
Employed	2,480	1,290	1,185	9,175	4,805	4,365
Unemployed	115	70	50	585	260	320
Not in the labour force	2,120	975	1,140	7,000	2,615	4,385
Participation rate	55.1	58.2	52.0	58.2	65.9	51.7
Employment rate	52.7	55.2	49.9	54.8	62.5	48.1
Unemployment rate	4.4	5.1	4.0	6.0	5.1	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,715	2,335	2,375	16,755	7,685	9,070
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,845	785	1,060	6,145	2,290	3,855
Worked	2,870	1,550	1,315	10,610	5,395	5,215
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,255	665	585	4,400	2,570	1,830
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,615	885	735	6,215	2,820	3,390
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	40.1	41.8	40.5	41.9	39.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,595	1,360	1,230	9,755	5,065	4,685
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	15	20	180	85	100
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,565	1,345	1,220	9,570	4,985	4,595
Employee	1,935	1,000	935	6,890	3,495	3,395
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	630	350	280	2,685	1,490	1,195
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,590	1,360	1,235	9,755	5,070	4,685
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	10	15	180	85	95
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,565	1,350	1,220	9,575	4,980	4,590
0 Management occupations	375	230	140	1,900	1,260	645
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	370	80	295	1,870	820	1,050
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	145	95	45	745	555	195
3 Health occupations	150	15	130	890	390	500
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	290	95	195	1,800	815	985
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	80	70	810	345	465
6 Sales and service occupations	480	255	230	1,375	650	725
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	330	310	20	130	120	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	135	105	25	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150	80	70	35	20	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,595	1,360	1,235	9,755	5,065	4,685
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	15	15	180	85	100
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,565	1,345	1,215	9,570	4,985	4,590
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	120	50	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	15	10	0
22 Utilities	10	0	0	20	15	0
23 Construction	175	145	35	185	140	45
31-33 Manufacturing	425	250	170	550	385	165
41 Wholesale trade	75	50	30	480	305	175
44-45 Retail trade	255	110	140	710	285	430
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100	60	40	160	110	50
51 Information and cultural industries	60	40	20	320	180	140
52 Finance and insurance	75	25	50	775	520	255
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	20	20	460	280	180
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	160	85	70	1,940	1,105	835
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	10	75	55	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	85	50	300	180	120
61 Educational services	175	85	95	965	400	570
62 Health care and social assistance	250	25	220	1,245	470	775
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	60	40	360	130	225
72 Accommodation and food services	160	80	80	395	180	210
81 Other services (except public administration)	140	65	75	355	135	225
91 Public administration	65	35	25	265	100	165
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,480	1,295	1,185	9,175	4,805	4,365
Worked at home	410	220	185	1,545	755	790
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	130	70	55
No fixed workplace address	255	185	65	480	280	200
Worked at usual place	1,810	875	935	7,015	3,700	3,320
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,810	875	935	7,015	3,700	3,320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	785	380	400	1,145	460	685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	425	170	250	5,430	2,950	2,475
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	590	310	275	330	220	115
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	100	60	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,060	1,060	995	7,495	3,980	3,520
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,735	905	830	3,760	2,300	1,450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	95	45	50	345	100	245
Public transit	30	0	25	1,625	705	925
Walked	165	95	75	1,375	645	730
Bicycle	10	10	10	290	175	110
Other method	25	0	15	105	50	55
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,060	1,065	1,000	7,495	3,975	3,520
Less than 15 minutes	865	430	435	1,845	910	930
15 to 29 minutes	620	275	340	3,195	1,745	1,455
30 to 44 minutes	260	145	110	1,810	1,010	805
45 to 59 minutes	65	35	30	435	210	225
60 minutes and over	255	170	85	210	100	105
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,060	1,065	995	7,495	3,980	3,515
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	90	30	70	45	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	460	290	170	355	250	115
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	625	270	350	2,040	1,170	870
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	365	165	195	2,785	1,460	1,315
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200	75	125	1,580	700	875
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	290	170	120	675	355	320
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,950	1,585	1,365	10,950	5,570	5,380
Single responses	2,755	1,465	1,285	9,505	4,800	4,710
Official languages	2,750	1,460	1,290	9,365	4,730	4,630
English	1,065	585	480	6,835	3,510	3,325
French	1,675	870	805	2,530	1,220	1,305
Non-official languages	10	0	0	145	70	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	140	70	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	45	15	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	75	50	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	75	45	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	40	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	120	80	1,445	770	675
English and French	200	120	80	1,330	720	610
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	15	35
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,950	1,585	1,365	10,955	5,565	5,385
None	1,300	710	590	4,925	2,450	2,475
English	1,025	525	505	1,940	965	980
French	600	340	255	3,705	1,955	1,755
Non-official language	10	10	0	240	140	105
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	10	240	140	100
English and French	0	0	0	20	0	10
English and non-official language	10	0	10	65	25	35
French and non-official language	10	0	0	55	30	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,295	2,630	2,670	19,625	9,175	10,450
Non-movers	4,780	2,345	2,430	16,625	7,720	8,900
Movers	520	285	240	3,005	1,450	1,555
Non-migrants	185	120	70	1,780	865	915
Migrants	335	165	170	1,220	585	635
Internal migrants	325	155	170	575	295	280
Intraprovincial migrants	325	155	165	345	180	170
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	10	230	120	110
External migrants	0	0	0	640	290	360
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,150	2,560	2,595	18,990	8,870	10,120
Non-movers	3,600	1,800	1,795	10,955	4,955	5,995
Movers	1,550	755	800	8,035	3,915	4,125
Non-migrants	550	285	265	4,290	2,150	2,140
Migrants	1,005	470	535	3,745	1,765	1,985
Internal migrants	950	455	495	1,540	725	815
Intraprovincial migrants	940	445	490	1,080	495	585
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0	460	235	230
External migrants	55	20	35	2,205	1,040	1,165

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Brome, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westmount, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westmount, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec