Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Brome, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,495	...	...	123,576	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,609	...	...	110,241^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.0	...	...	12.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,560	...	...	47,726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,565	...	...	45,382	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	26.5	...	...	206.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	207.29	...	...	598.30	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,495	2,670	2,825	123,575	60,380	63,200
0 to 14 years	650	325	320	20,695	10,770	9,925
0 to 4 years	205	95	105	6,415	3,320	3,095
5 to 9 years	210	105	100	7,175	3,740	3,430
10 to 14 years	235	120	115	7,115	3,710	3,405
15 to 64 years	3,135	1,535	1,595	87,190	42,505	44,690
15 to 19 years	245	125	120	8,280	4,305	3,980
20 to 24 years	225	115	110	7,975	4,225	3,750
25 to 29 years	185	100	90	7,245	3,690	3,555
30 to 34 years	185	85	100	8,080	3,905	4,180
35 to 39 years	235	115	120	8,545	3,985	4,560
40 to 44 years	250	115	135	9,120	4,155	4,965
45 to 49 years	285	150	140	10,235	4,790	5,445
50 to 54 years	430	215	215	10,555	5,135	5,420
55 to 59 years	515	260	255	9,560	4,625	4,935
60 to 64 years	585	255	330	7,590	3,690	3,900
65 years and over	1,715	810	905	15,685	7,105	8,585
65 to 69 years	645	310	330	5,660	2,740	2,915
70 to 74 years	465	230	235	3,785	1,730	2,055
75 to 79 years	245	125	115	2,695	1,195	1,495
80 to 84 years	145	75	70	1,885	840	1,045
85 years and over	220	75	150	1,670	595	1,070
85 to 89 years	115	45	70	1,085	420	665
90 to 94 years	70	20	45	440	135	305
95 to 99 years	30	5	25	120	30	90
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.8	12.2	11.3	16.7	17.8	15.7
15 to 64 years	57.1	57.5	56.5	70.6	70.4	70.7
65 years and over	31.2	30.3	32.0	12.7	11.8	13.6
85 years and over	4.0	2.8	5.3	1.4	1.0	1.7
Average age of the population	50.0	49.1	50.7	39.5	38.5	40.5
Median age of the population	55.7	54.8	56.5	40.5	39.1	41.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,565	...	...	45,380	...	...
Single-detached house	2,100	...	...	16,465	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	4,740	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	390	...	...	24,165	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	1,355	...	...
Row house	25	...	...	6,670	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	6,150	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	300	...	...	9,975	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	70	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,565	...	...	45,385	...	...
1 person	870	...	...	9,720	...	...
2 persons	1,090	...	...	13,705	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...	9,090	...	...
4 persons	210	...	...	8,555	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	4,315	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,340	...	...	122,550	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,850	2,345	2,505	102,875	49,605	53,270
Married or living common law	2,945	1,480	1,465	62,480	30,990	31,490
Married	2,015	1,005	1,010	55,560	27,545	28,020
Living common law	925	470	460	6,920	3,445	3,475
Not married and not living common law	1,905	870	1,035	40,400	18,620	21,780
Never married	1,025	565	455	27,885	14,970	12,920
Separated	60	40	25	2,670	985	1,680
Divorced	440	195	245	5,620	1,920	3,700
Widowed	385	75	310	4,220	735	3,485
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,660	...	...	36,050	...	...
2 persons	1,110	...	...	15,415	...	...
3 persons	260	...	...	9,580	...	...
4 persons	200	...	...	8,745	...	...
5 or more persons	95	...	...	2,305	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,660	...	...	36,050	...	...
Total couple families	1,445	...	...	30,390	...	...
Married couples	980	...	...	26,930	...	...
Common-law couples	465	...	...	3,460	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	215	...	...	5,655	...	...
Female parent	150	...	...	4,575	...	...
Male parent	65	...	...	1,080	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,445	...	...	30,390	...	...
Couples without children	985	...	...	11,940	...	...
Couples with children	460	...	...	18,455	...	...
1 child	185	...	...	7,865	...	...
2 children	185	...	...	8,380	...	...
3 or more children	85	...	...	2,210	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	220	...	...	5,660	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	3,480	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	1,720	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,055	480	575	15,935	7,105	8,830
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,565	...	...	45,380	...	...
One-census-family households	1,630	...	...	32,845	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	980	...	...	10,485	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	655	...	...	22,360	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	1,560	...	...
Non-census-family households	920	...	...	10,970	...	...
One-person households	870	...	...	9,720	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	45	...	...	1,250	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,380	2,635	2,745	123,135	60,115	63,020
English only	1,065	520	545	110,135	54,600	55,535
French only	805	365	440	60	20	35
English and French	3,505	1,750	1,760	7,675	3,310	4,365
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	5,265	2,180	3,090
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,380	2,635	2,745	123,135	60,115	63,020
English	2,620	1,285	1,340	115,870	57,000	58,870
French	2,705	1,330	1,370	1,155	570	585
English and French	55	25	30	915	400	510
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	5,195	2,150	3,050
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,650	1,290	1,350	1,610	770	845
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	49.3	49.0	49.2	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,380	2,635	2,745	123,135	60,110	63,020
Single responses	5,285	2,585	2,690	119,380	58,275	61,105
Official languages	5,085	2,505	2,575	68,390	34,345	34,045
English	2,430	1,195	1,235	67,270	33,795	33,480
French	2,655	1,310	1,350	1,120	550	570
Non-official languages	200	85	115	50,995	23,930	27,060
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	80	115	50,985	23,930	27,055
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	1,040	530	510
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	1,030	525	505
Amharic	0	0	0	35	20	15
Arabic	0	5	5	890	440	445
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	30	10
Maltese	5	0	0	10	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	500	210	285
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	450	190	255
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	2,965	1,195	1,770
Bikol	0	0	0	0	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	140	65	80
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	50	20	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	120	40	80
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	275	125	150
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	2,315	920	1,390
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	145	70	70
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tamil	0	0	0	80	40	40
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-European languages	160	65	95	19,915	9,605	10,310
Albanian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Armenian	5	0	5	40	25	20
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	4,545	2,180	2,365
Baltic languages	5	0	5	45	25	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lithuanian	5	0	0	30	15	15
Slavic languages	30	10	20	4,505	2,155	2,345
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Croatian	0	0	5	275	130	145
Czech	5	0	5	215	110	110
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	15	5	10	1,290	615	675
Russian	5	5	0	1,720	820	900
Serbian	0	0	0	240	135	105
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	250	115	135
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ukrainian	0	5	0	210	85	125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	1,445	690	755
Afrikaans	0	0	0	105	45	55
Danish	0	0	0	70	40	35
Dutch	15	0	15	260	125	135
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	45	25	30	910	430	485
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	30	15	10
Swedish	0	5	0	55	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	120	65	50
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	9,165	4,475	4,690
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,665	1,255	1,410
Bengali	0	0	0	35	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	325	155	175
Hindi	0	0	0	605	285	320
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	45	25	20
Nepali	0	0	0	20	15	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,225	575	650
Sindhi	0	0	0	80	30	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	85	45	45
Urdu	0	0	0	230	110	125
Iranian languages	5	0	5	6,470	3,205	3,265
Kurdish	0	0	0	205	100	110
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	6,240	3,095	3,140
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	4,530	2,135	2,400
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	20	10	10	775	370	400
Portuguese	0	0	0	595	270	320
Romanian	5	0	5	1,045	520	530
Spanish	20	10	15	2,115	965	1,150
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	560	190	365
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	5,505	2,610	2,895
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	5	15
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	5	120	45	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	10	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	5	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	19,320	9,055	10,265
Chinese languages	10	5	0	19,305	9,050	10,250
Cantonese	5	0	5	8,000	3,815	4,180
Hakka	0	0	0	155	75	80
Mandarin	5	5	5	10,135	4,700	5,435
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	535	245	295
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	190	85	105
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	270	120	150
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	20	60
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	65	20	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	230	125	110
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	60	30	30
Turkish	5	0	0	140	80	65
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	10	5	5	495	220	270
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	135	50	85
Hungarian	5	5	5	345	165	180
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	100	45	55	3,755	1,840	1,910
English and French	85	35	45	300	150	150
English and non-official language	10	5	0	3,260	1,610	1,655
French and non-official language	5	5	0	90	40	45
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	105	40	65
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,385	2,640	2,740	123,135	60,115	63,020
Single responses	5,255	2,580	2,670	114,150	55,775	58,375
Official languages	5,215	2,560	2,655	82,550	40,825	41,730
English	2,670	1,315	1,360	82,200	40,660	41,540
French	2,545	1,250	1,295	350	165	185
Non-official languages	45	20	20	31,600	14,955	16,650
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	31,605	14,955	16,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	540	255	285
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	535	255	285
Amharic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Arabic	0	0	0	470	215	250
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	225	85	135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	200	80	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,135	515	620
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	25	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	85	35	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	945	430	515
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	10,235	4,935	5,295
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	2,295	1,130	1,165
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,275	1,120	1,155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Croatian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Czech	0	0	0	55	25	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	560	270	295
Russian	0	0	0	1,150	560	590
Serbian	0	0	0	130	80	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	100	55	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	150	75	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	95	45	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	5,715	2,740	2,975
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,210	565	650
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	130	60	75
Hindi	0	0	0	210	90	120
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	670	325	350
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	105	40	60
Iranian languages	5	5	0	4,490	2,170	2,320
Kurdish	0	0	0	145	65	75
Pashto	0	0	0	15	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	4,325	2,095	2,235
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	1,990	950	1,040
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	120	50	75
Portuguese	0	0	0	200	95	110
Romanian	0	0	0	510	250	260
Spanish	5	5	5	1,155	555	600
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	275	110	165
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	4,375	2,070	2,305
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	14,380	6,770	7,615
Chinese languages	10	5	0	14,370	6,765	7,610
Cantonese	5	5	5	5,700	2,675	3,020
Hakka	0	0	0	45	25	25
Mandarin	5	5	0	8,105	3,825	4,290
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	215	105	110
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	125	60	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	80	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkish	5	0	0	65	40	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	155	80	80
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hungarian	5	0	0	120	65	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Multiple responses	125	55	70	8,980	4,340	4,645
English and French	95	40	55	215	110	105
English and non-official language	15	10	10	8,565	4,140	4,425
French and non-official language	5	5	0	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	170	70	95
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,380	2,635	2,740	123,135	60,115	63,020
None	4,225	2,080	2,145	96,455	47,440	49,015
English	470	225	245	12,560	6,175	6,385
French	580	290	290	1,030	465	565
Non-official language	75	25	50	12,715	5,875	6,840
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	75	30	45	12,700	5,870	6,830
English and French	0	0	0	75	30	40
English and non-official language	15	5	15	195	85	110
French and non-official language	10	5	5	110	45	70
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,695	2,290	2,400	101,860	49,165	52,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,575	2,245	2,335	96,655	46,650	50,000
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,468	37,712	29,744	33,755	42,377	27,285
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,575	2,245	2,335	96,795	46,775	50,015
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,483	32,533	26,743	30,379	36,851	25,466
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,125	2,045	2,085	87,660	43,270	44,395
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,885	33,792	24,533	33,764	42,970	26,144
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,590	1,715	1,875	64,555	26,365	38,190
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,507	9,228	9,664	2,416	1,158	3,266
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,950	1,540	1,405	74,000	37,650	36,350
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,088	26,432	24,064	36,568	45,226	29,405
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,715	2,335	2,375	101,860	49,210	52,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,590	2,275	2,310	96,605	46,660	49,945
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,865	59,187	38,721	44,248	54,043	35,098
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,595	2,275	2,320	96,760	46,805	49,955
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,147	46,738	31,696	37,068	43,997	30,577
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,190	2,105	2,085	87,375	43,270	44,110
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,313	56,298	34,230	44,491	54,789	34,389
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,550	1,710	1,845	64,505	26,300	38,205
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,690	9,468	9,896	6,000	5,735	6,183
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,995	1,605	1,385	74,005	37,745	36,265
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,533	46,505	33,622	45,901	55,827	35,570
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,715	2,335	2,375	101,855	49,210	52,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,185	625	560	34,015	19,790	14,230
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,308	44,916	37,416	57,451	64,950	49,645
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,084	80,066	50,559	66,848	75,636	54,628
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.1	88.4	80.0	91.0	94.0	86.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	53.1	55.3	50.0	79.5	83.3	74.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.9	11.5	20.0	9.0	6.0	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,695	2,290	2,400	101,860	49,170	52,690
Without total income	120	45	70	5,205	2,520	2,685
With total income	4,575	2,245	2,335	96,655	46,650	50,005
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.0	97.3	94.9	94.9	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	225	325	17,625	7,080	10,545
$10,000 to $19,999	830	370	455	15,800	6,315	9,485
$20,000 to $29,999	685	290	395	11,285	4,685	6,605
$30,000 to $39,999	640	315	335	9,605	4,220	5,385
$40,000 to $49,999	510	250	265	9,360	4,225	5,135
$50,000 to $59,999	350	185	165	7,560	3,675	3,890
$60,000 to $69,999	265	155	105	6,160	3,405	2,760
$70,000 to $79,999	155	85	75	4,825	2,885	1,935
$80,000 to $89,999	140	80	60	3,765	2,350	1,415
$90,000 to $99,999	75	40	30	2,775	1,805	980
$100,000 and over	375	245	130	7,885	6,020	1,870
$100,000 to $149,999	170	105	65	5,600	4,150	1,450
$150,000 and over	205	140	60	2,290	1,870	420
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,690	2,290	2,405	101,860	49,170	52,690
Without after-tax income	115	50	65	5,065	2,390	2,670
With after-tax income	4,580	2,240	2,335	96,790	46,775	50,015
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.8	97.1	95.0	95.1	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	600	235	365	18,135	7,405	10,730
$10,000 to $19,999	870	395	470	16,495	6,695	9,800
$20,000 to $29,999	860	370	490	13,330	5,710	7,625
$30,000 to $39,999	760	380	385	11,850	5,285	6,565
$40,000 to $49,999	510	270	235	10,605	4,985	5,620
$50,000 to $59,999	315	185	130	8,070	4,410	3,660
$60,000 to $69,999	210	120	90	5,950	3,565	2,380
$70,000 to $79,999	105	50	50	4,315	2,715	1,605
$80,000 and over	350	235	115	8,045	6,015	2,030
$80,000 to $89,999	70	50	25	2,735	1,905	830
$90,000 to $99,999	50	30	20	1,670	1,220	450
$100,000 and over	230	160	70	3,635	2,885	750
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,695	2,290	2,400	101,860	49,170	52,690
Without employment income	1,745	745	995	27,860	11,525	16,335
With employment income	2,950	1,540	1,405	74,000	37,645	36,355
Percentage with employment income	62.8	67.2	58.5	72.6	76.6	69.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	570	305	270	9,995	4,310	5,685
$5,000 to $9,999	270	130	140	5,435	2,220	3,210
$10,000 to $19,999	440	225	215	9,250	3,955	5,295
$20,000 to $29,999	355	160	190	7,610	3,425	4,185
$30,000 to $39,999	345	170	180	7,090	3,150	3,930
$40,000 to $49,999	250	125	130	7,250	3,305	3,945
$50,000 to $59,999	185	105	80	6,055	3,020	3,035
$60,000 to $69,999	135	75	60	4,950	2,825	2,130
$70,000 to $79,999	80	40	40	4,090	2,500	1,590
$80,000 and over	320	215	110	12,275	8,935	3,340
$80,000 to $89,999	70	45	25	3,290	2,090	1,200
$90,000 to $99,999	40	20	15	2,360	1,590	770
$100,000 and over	220	150	65	6,625	5,255	1,375
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,565	...	...	45,385	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,821	...	...	78,713	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,595	...	...	68,415	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	870	...	...	9,720	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,704	...	...	40,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,376	...	...	35,844	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,690	...	...	35,660	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,519	...	...	93,728	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,098	...	...	81,109	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,431	...	...	94,205	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,096	...	...	79,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	865	...	...	9,725	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	67,928	...	...	47,513	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,502	...	...	39,906	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	35,645	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,329	...	...	106,948	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,025	...	...	89,729	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,565	...	...	45,385	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	1,185	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	645	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	1,040	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	1,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...	1,535	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	1,650	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	1,615	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	1,575	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	1,660	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	1,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	3,160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	195	...	...	3,055	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	2,875	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	2,720	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	2,445	...	...
$100,000 and over	660	...	...	17,155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	5,190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	4,070	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	145	...	...	4,670	...	...
$200,000 and over	185	...	...	3,220	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,565	...	...	45,380	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	1,225	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	655	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	1,060	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	130	...	...	1,415	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	150	...	...	1,720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	140	...	...	1,910	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	185	...	...	1,975	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	1,985	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	2,020	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	1,985	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	3,755	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	3,535	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	190	...	...	3,305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...	2,930	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	90	...	...	2,710	...	...
$100,000 and over	460	...	...	13,185	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	170	...	...	5,360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	100	...	...	3,485	...	...
$150,000 and over	185	...	...	4,335	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,660	...	...	35,010	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,194	...	...	92,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,496	...	...	80,303	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	10,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,928	...	...	84,942	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,845	...	...	73,511	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	465	...	...	18,500	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,000	...	...	111,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,664	...	...	95,960	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	5,230	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,336	...	...	51,982	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,136	...	...	47,301	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,660	...	...	34,990	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,772	...	...	105,917	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,293	...	...	88,795	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	985	...	...	10,265	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,874	...	...	96,053	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,083	...	...	80,041	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	475	...	...	18,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,025	...	...	123,388	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,679	...	...	103,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	180	...	...	5,215	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,768	...	...	62,446	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,642	...	...	54,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	975	445	535	13,085	6,065	7,020
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,904	33,152	30,944	36,550	41,159	32,870
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,395	28,992	27,968	32,367	35,956	29,794
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	960	435	530	13,170	5,990	7,175
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	64,589	88,801	44,718	43,196	48,890	38,443
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,223	67,306	36,202	36,456	40,455	33,118
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,340	2,615	2,725	122,550	59,940	62,615
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,070	1,480	1,590	56,800	26,885	29,915
In the bottom decile	455	220	230	14,535	6,810	7,725
In the second decile	665	320	345	11,025	5,135	5,895
In the third decile	685	320	365	10,105	4,700	5,400
In the fourth decile	630	305	325	10,330	4,970	5,360
In the fifth decile	635	315	320	10,810	5,275	5,535
In the top half of the distribution	2,275	1,135	1,140	65,750	33,055	32,700
In the sixth decile	525	260	270	11,750	5,775	5,970
In the seventh decile	450	220	235	12,725	6,325	6,400
In the eighth decile	405	205	200	13,945	6,985	6,955
In the ninth decile	355	175	180	14,865	7,575	7,290
In the top decile	535	285	255	12,465	6,395	6,070
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,340	2,615	2,725	122,550	59,940	62,615
0 to 17 years	810	400	410	25,605	13,340	12,265
0 to 5 years	255	120	135	7,755	4,030	3,730
18 to 64 years	2,925	1,435	1,490	82,000	39,705	42,295
65 years and over	1,600	780	825	14,945	6,895	8,050
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	790	380	410	19,990	9,295	10,695
0 to 17 years	165	85	80	5,155	2,705	2,445
0 to 5 years	45	25	25	1,360	705	650
18 to 64 years	410	205	210	12,240	5,520	6,725
65 years and over	220	90	125	2,600	1,070	1,530
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	14.5	15.0	16.3	15.5	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	20.4	21.3	19.5	20.1	20.3	19.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	20.8	18.5	17.5	17.5	17.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	14.3	14.1	14.9	13.9	15.9
65 years and over (%)	13.8	11.5	15.2	17.4	15.5	19.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	225	120	105	16,245	7,580	8,665
0 to 17 years	40	20	20	4,265	2,250	2,015
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	1,075	575	500
18 to 64 years	160	90	70	10,435	4,720	5,715
65 years and over	25	10	15	1,545	615	935
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.6	3.9	13.3	12.6	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.0	4.9	16.7	16.9	16.4
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	4.2	7.4	13.9	14.3	13.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	6.3	4.7	12.7	11.9	13.5
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.3	1.8	10.3	8.9	11.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,340	2,645	2,695	122,550	59,935	62,615
Official languages	5,340	2,645	2,690	117,290	57,765	59,520
English	4,615	2,350	2,270	117,230	57,750	59,480
French	4,275	2,080	2,195	7,675	3,425	4,255
Non-official languages	400	220	180	60,070	28,270	31,800
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	395	220	180	60,035	28,255	31,775
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	1,590	840	750
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,580	835	745
Amharic	0	0	0	70	50	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,280	670	610
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	170	90	75
Maltese	10	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	50	25	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	665	295	370
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	25	35
Vietnamese	0	0	10	600	265	335
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	3,875	1,640	2,230
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	145	75	75
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	80	30	50
Ilocano	0	0	0	150	55	100
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	530	260	275
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	3,230	1,320	1,900
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	95	55	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	45	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	195	95	95
Kannada	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tamil	0	0	0	115	55	55
Telugu	0	0	0	25	0	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	355	205	150	24,505	11,765	12,745
Albanian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	5,100	2,490	2,605
Baltic languages	10	0	0	40	20	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	40	15	25
Slavic languages	40	25	15	5,080	2,480	2,595
Belarusan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	75	45	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Croatian	0	0	0	465	215	260
Czech	0	10	0	290	150	140
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Polish	35	20	20	1,410	695	715
Russian	0	0	0	2,200	1,010	1,190
Serbian	0	0	0	345	205	140
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Slovak	0	0	0	365	210	155
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	335	155	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages	90	40	50	2,150	1,025	1,130
Afrikaans	0	0	0	325	175	150
Danish	0	0	0	135	55	75
Dutch	10	0	10	310	135	175
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	30	35	1,350	650	695
Icelandic	10	0	10	15	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Swedish	0	0	0	75	30	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	215	130	85
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	0	10,905	5,315	5,590
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	3,725	1,775	1,955
Bengali	0	0	0	45	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	600	280	315
Hindi	0	0	0	1,620	815	805
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	100	60	40
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,755	835	920
Sindhi	0	0	0	140	45	100
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	120	65	55
Urdu	0	0	0	350	150	205
Iranian languages	0	0	0	7,195	3,540	3,655
Kurdish	0	0	0	380	190	190
Pashto	0	0	0	40	30	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	6,980	3,435	3,545
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages	205	130	75	6,630	3,065	3,565
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italian	50	40	10	1,240	550	695
Portuguese	0	10	0	735	365	375
Romanian	0	0	0	1,280	620	655
Spanish	155	90	70	3,645	1,665	1,975
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,215	520	690
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,065	2,850	3,220
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	10	300	160	145
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	20	0	15
Swahili	0	0	0	140	80	60
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	175	65	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	100	35	65
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	30	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	22,065	10,340	11,725
Chinese languages	0	0	0	22,045	10,330	11,715
Cantonese	0	0	0	9,750	4,575	5,175
Hakka	0	0	0	170	80	95
Mandarin	0	0	0	14,665	6,760	7,905
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	810	375	435
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	285	135	150
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	390	195	195
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	155	65	90
Lao	0	0	0	45	25	20
Thai	0	0	0	120	45	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	510	220	290
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	75	25	45
Turkish	10	0	0	405	170	235
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	45	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uralic languages	10	10	10	645	330	310
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	135	60	80
Hungarian	10	0	10	500	270	230
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,340	2,645	2,700	122,545	59,930	62,615
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,225	2,610	2,615	107,780	53,275	54,505
Canadian citizens aged under 18	810	405	405	22,995	12,080	10,915
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,410	2,205	2,210	84,780	41,195	43,590
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	120	35	80	14,770	6,655	8,115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,340	2,645	2,695	122,545	59,930	62,615
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,945	2,485	2,465	68,595	34,585	34,010
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	390	160	230	51,465	24,360	27,105
Before 1981	200	95	105	8,095	3,945	4,150
1981 to 1990	40	10	25	5,830	2,910	2,920
1991 to 2000	50	20	25	14,700	6,885	7,810
2001 to 2010	65	25	45	15,585	7,325	8,265
2001 to 2005	40	10	25	7,695	3,680	4,015
2006 to 2010	25	10	20	7,890	3,645	4,245
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	10	30	7,255	3,295	3,965
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	2,490	995	1,495
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	390	155	230	51,460	24,360	27,110
Under 5 years	65	25	40	4,665	2,430	2,235
5 to 14 years	60	35	25	8,745	4,825	3,920
15 to 24 years	60	10	50	8,465	3,815	4,655
25 to 44 years	175	85	85	23,590	10,345	13,245
45 years and over	30	10	25	6,000	2,950	3,055
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	390	160	230	51,460	24,355	27,105
Americas	105	20	85	3,380	1,605	1,780
Brazil	0	0	0	215	85	135
Colombia	10	0	0	185	75	110
El Salvador	0	0	0	220	90	125
Guyana	0	0	0	60	25	35
Haiti	0	0	0	35	25	10
Jamaica	0	0	10	180	85	100
Mexico	0	0	10	445	180	270
Peru	0	0	0	170	60	100
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	125	95	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	15	60	1,060	535	520
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	685	345	345
Europe	230	125	105	9,920	4,870	5,050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	125	75	55
Croatia	0	0	0	265	140	125
France	55	30	25	140	90	55
Germany	40	15	25	610	300	310
Greece	10	10	0	95	45	50
Hungary	0	0	0	255	135	120
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	130	80	50
Italy	10	0	0	475	215	260
Netherlands	0	0	0	255	130	135
Poland	0	0	10	1,060	510	555
Portugal	0	0	0	220	120	105
Romania	10	0	0	1,055	535	515
Russian Federation	0	0	0	800	355	445
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	175	85	90
Ukraine	0	0	0	410	170	240
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	35	30	2,450	1,215	1,235
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	1,395	675	720
Africa	20	0	10	1,905	980	920
Algeria	10	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	310	165	150
Ethiopia	0	0	0	65	45	20
Kenya	0	0	0	200	110	85
Morocco	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	80	45	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	570	310	265
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	620	270	350
Asia	40	10	35	35,555	16,550	19,005
Afghanistan	0	0	0	435	220	215
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	25	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	8,955	4,080	4,880
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	4,305	2,020	2,285
India	10	0	10	1,710	810	905
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	5,480	2,695	2,780
Iraq	0	0	0	325	160	165
Japan	0	0	0	405	100	305
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	4,600	2,175	2,425
Lebanon	0	0	0	120	70	50
Pakistan	0	0	0	245	115	125
Philippines	10	10	10	3,375	1,460	1,915
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	145	80	70
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	65	20	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,925	875	1,045
Viet Nam	0	0	10	610	285	325
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	2,825	1,355	1,465
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	700	345	355
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	10	25	7,255	3,290	3,965
Americas	20	0	15	460	235	220
Brazil	0	0	0	35	15	20
Colombia	0	0	0	35	15	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	85	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	180	85	90
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	105	55	50
Europe	10	0	10	650	300	355
France	0	0	10	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Romania	0	0	0	60	20	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	180	80	105
Ukraine	0	0	0	50	15	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	215	105	110
Africa	10	10	0	285	140	140
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	120	50	65
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	75	50	25
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	60	40	25
Asia	10	0	10	5,820	2,595	3,230
Afghanistan	0	0	0	70	50	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,905	835	1,075
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	180	70	110
India	0	0	10	230	110	120
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	1,245	620	625
Iraq	0	0	0	95	50	50
Israel	0	0	0	25	20	0
Japan	0	0	0	35	0	35
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	905	395	510
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	565	220	350
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	135	45	90
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	20	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	305	115	190
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	35	20	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,340	2,645	2,695	122,550	59,935	62,615
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	415	180	235	54,775	25,730	29,040
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	580	270	315	28,265	14,095	14,170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,350	2,195	2,150	39,510	20,110	19,405
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	195	65	130	43,895	20,675	23,225
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	75	35	40	29,405	14,580	14,825
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	30	15	10,395	6,965	3,430
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	35	10	30	19,010	7,620	11,395
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	100	30	75	9,515	3,425	6,090
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	0	10	4,385	2,360	2,025
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	595	305	290
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,340	2,645	2,700	122,545	59,935	62,615
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	110	65	50	3,125	1,435	1,685
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	105	60	40	3,015	1,395	1,620
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	65	45	20	1,665	775	890
Métis	40	20	20	1,325	615	715
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	85	25	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,225	2,575	2,650	119,420	58,495	60,930
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,340	2,640	2,695	122,550	59,930	62,615
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	0	875	430	445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,325	2,630	2,690	121,670	59,500	62,175
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,340	2,645	2,695	122,545	59,935	62,615
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	0	25	530	265	260
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	10	25	520	265	250
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	0	25	425	220	205
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	90	50	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	215	110	105	3,400	1,560	1,840
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	215	110	100	3,255	1,485	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	85	80	2,195	975	1,220
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	1,055	505	545
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	150	75	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	150	80	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,095	2,530	2,565	118,615	58,105	60,510
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,340	2,645	2,695	122,550	59,935	62,615
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	105	40	70	56,270	26,940	29,330
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	10	5,135	2,515	2,620
Chinese	10	0	10	23,995	11,435	12,560
Black	25	20	10	1,465	770	700
Filipino	10	10	10	4,510	2,015	2,495
Latin American	20	0	15	1,980	955	1,025
Arab	0	0	0	1,020	520	500
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,430	630	800
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	6,840	3,390	3,455
Korean	0	0	0	6,300	3,030	3,275
Japanese	0	0	0	1,310	570	745
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	220	90	135
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	2,050	1,030	1,025
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,235	2,605	2,630	66,275	32,990	33,285
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,340	2,645	2,695	122,550	59,935	62,610
North American Aboriginal origins	240	115	130	3,930	1,825	2,105
First Nations (North American Indian)	200	90	105	2,780	1,270	1,505
Inuit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Métis	45	25	25	1,305	635	675
Other North American origins	3,170	1,605	1,570	19,360	9,600	9,760
Acadian	35	20	10	80	45	35
American	130	80	50	1,400	645	760
Canadian	3,070	1,555	1,515	18,300	9,105	9,195
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	10	10	10
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	20	25	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	3,170	1,595	1,575	63,385	31,465	31,915
British Isles origins	1,845	955	890	38,555	19,150	19,405
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	10	0
English	950	480	465	24,085	11,715	12,370
Irish	855	420	430	13,580	6,495	7,085
Manx	0	0	0	45	10	30
Scottish	635	315	325	17,575	8,645	8,930
Welsh	100	45	50	2,315	1,200	1,115
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	100	50	55	2,465	1,220	1,245
French origins	1,375	690	680	8,225	4,090	4,135
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,370	690	680	8,225	4,095	4,135
Western European origins (except French origins)	400	185	215	15,670	7,750	7,915
Austrian	10	0	0	955	460	500
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	30	35	415	175	240
Dutch	90	40	50	3,825	1,925	1,900
Flemish	0	0	10	75	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	195	100	95	11,195	5,530	5,665
Luxembourger	0	0	0	35	30	0
Swiss	55	30	25	460	230	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	75	20	55	7,055	3,565	3,485
Danish	15	0	10	1,170	525	645
Finnish	15	0	15	790	390	395
Icelandic	10	10	10	390	175	215
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,705	1,450	1,255
Swedish	35	10	30	2,250	1,140	1,110
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	415	245	175
Eastern European origins	210	90	115	16,345	8,025	8,310
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	95
Byelorussian	0	0	0	180	75	105
Czech	20	15	10	570	295	270
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	210	110	100
Estonian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Hungarian	30	10	20	1,565	775	795
Latvian	0	0	0	125	70	60
Lithuanian	10	0	10	225	110	110
Moldovan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Polish	70	30	35	4,415	2,155	2,255
Romanian	10	0	0	1,975	990	980
Russian	40	15	25	3,585	1,725	1,855
Slovak	20	10	10	530	265	265
Ukrainian	35	0	25	5,555	2,755	2,800
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	70	45	20
Southern European origins	195	95	100	11,350	5,410	5,945
Albanian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	135	70	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,005	480	525
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	30	15	10	590	295	295
Italian	135	75	60	5,570	2,735	2,840
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maltese	10	10	0	105	40	65
Montenegrin	0	0	0	35	20	10
Portuguese	15	10	10	1,625	810	815
Serbian	15	10	10	455	240	215
Sicilian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	190	115	75
Spanish	20	0	20	2,420	1,075	1,340
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	175	65	110
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	25	0	25	750	390	360
Basque	10	0	0	25	10	15
Jewish	20	0	20	360	190	170
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	335	180	160
Caribbean origins	15	0	10	935	490	445
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	60	25	35
Dominican	0	0	0	25	20	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Jamaican	10	0	10	390	190	200
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	165	100	60
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	20	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	95	30	65
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	55	10	45
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	10	25	2,810	1,325	1,480
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	110	65	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	215	100	110
Chilean	15	10	10	190	95	95
Colombian	15	0	10	345	150	195
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	115	90	30
Guyanese	0	0	0	150	55	95
Hispanic	0	0	0	75	25	50
Honduran	0	0	0	55	20	35
Maya	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mexican	10	0	10	725	310	415
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	25	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	205	80	125
Salvadorean	0	0	0	360	170	195
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	130	70	60
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	125	65	60
African origins	15	10	0	2,305	1,155	1,150
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	275	135	140
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	55	35	20
Edo	0	0	0	30	25	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ibo	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	20	0	15
North African origins	0	0	0	660	335	325
Algerian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	35	30	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	450	235	210
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	70	50	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	100	35	60
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	780	450	330
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	75	40	35
Ethiopian	0	0	0	105	75	35
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	50	30	20
South African	0	10	0	355	215	140
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zambian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	20	10	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	60	35	30
Other African origins	0	0	0	630	260	370
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	95	35	60
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	545	225	310
Asian origins	70	20	45	53,775	25,765	28,010
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	15	10	9,180	4,610	4,570
Afghan	0	0	0	610	315	300
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	265	150	115
Armenian	0	0	0	75	50	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	90	40	50
Georgian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	6,730	3,330	3,410
Iraqi	0	0	0	260	140	120
Israeli	10	0	0	80	35	40
Jordanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	305	155	155
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	325	170	155
Palestinian	0	0	0	130	85	45
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	140	75	60
Tajik	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tatar	0	0	0	45	25	15
Turk	20	10	10	320	150	170
Turkmen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	80	45	40
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	120	65	60
South Asian origins	20	10	10	5,210	2,565	2,645
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	0	10	4,475	2,195	2,280
Goan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	300	140	155
Punjabi	0	0	0	205	115	90
Sinhalese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	160	80	80
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	15
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	185	95	95
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	0	20	39,645	18,700	20,945
Burmese	0	0	0	40	0	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Chinese	15	0	15	25,670	12,225	13,450
Filipino	10	10	10	5,110	2,275	2,835
Hmong	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	320	185	135
Japanese	0	0	0	1,655	740	915
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	6,495	3,115	3,385
Laotian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Malaysian	0	0	0	260	110	150
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	115	60	55
Taiwanese	0	0	0	795	370	425
Thai	0	0	0	125	45	80
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	795	365	425
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	85	50	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	85	50	35
Oceania origins	0	0	0	850	430	425
Australian	0	0	0	330	160	175
New Zealander	0	0	0	120	60	60
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	425	235	185
Fijian	0	0	0	330	190	140
Hawaiian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maori	0	0	0	40	15	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
Owner	2,085	...	...	34,550	...	...
Renter	480	...	...	10,830	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
Condominium	160	...	...	16,360	...	...
Not condominium	2,400	...	...	29,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	175	...	...	5,460	...	...
2 bedrooms	780	...	...	12,650	...	...
3 bedrooms	945	...	...	12,545	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	660	...	...	14,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	470	...	...	15,720	...	...
5 rooms	390	...	...	6,135	...	...
6 rooms	350	...	...	5,655	...	...
7 rooms	460	...	...	5,095	...	...
8 or more rooms	900	...	...	12,770	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,555	...	...	44,070	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
Suitable	2,505	...	...	42,780	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...	2,590	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
1960 or before	830	...	...	1,490	...	...
1961 to 1980	690	...	...	8,525	...	...
1981 to 1990	430	...	...	8,330	...	...
1991 to 2000	185	...	...	13,380	...	...
2001 to 2005	175	...	...	2,770	...	...
2006 to 2010	190	...	...	4,695	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	65	...	...	6,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,330	...	...	43,305	...	...
Major repairs needed	235	...	...	2,070	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,665	...	...	24,920	...	...
2 household maintainers	880	...	...	18,815	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	1,640	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,565	...	...	45,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	845	...	...
25 to 34 years	200	...	...	5,420	...	...
35 to 44 years	235	...	...	9,065	...	...
45 to 54 years	400	...	...	11,645	...	...
55 to 64 years	630	...	...	9,700	...	...
65 to 74 years	685	...	...	5,415	...	...
75 to 84 years	275	...	...	2,535	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,505	...	...	45,245	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,075	...	...	31,475	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	435	...	...	13,770	...	...
30% to less than 100%	355	...	...	11,095	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,040	...	...	34,515	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.2	...	...	68.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	25.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	759	...	...	1,507	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	946	...	...	1,586	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,686	...	...	698,308	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	390,274	...	...	731,931	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	480	...	...	10,820	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.5	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.0	...	...	46.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	633	...	...	1,205	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	692	...	...	1,245	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,715	2,335	2,375	101,860	49,210	52,650
No certificate, diploma or degree	775	465	315	12,915	6,550	6,365
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,225	560	660	30,450	14,515	15,940
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,715	1,315	1,400	58,495	28,150	30,345
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	545	320	220	7,360	5,350	2,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	365	200	165	3,100	1,765	1,335
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	180	125	60	4,260	3,585	675
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	825	345	480	19,200	7,790	11,410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	90	120	3,600	1,540	2,065
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,135	565	580	28,330	13,470	14,860
Bachelor's degree	715	310	405	19,420	8,970	10,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	75	60	2,075	895	1,175
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	30	635	295	340
Master's degree	185	120	65	5,380	2,795	2,590
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	40	15	820	510	305
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,625	1,310	1,320	70,615	33,705	36,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	275	195	80	4,315	2,300	2,010
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	725	345	385	17,845	8,570	9,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,625	770	855	48,460	22,830	25,625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	390	215	175	5,520	4,035	1,485
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	260	130	130	2,295	1,315	985
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	135	80	50	3,225	2,725	500
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	510	205	305	15,535	6,225	9,310
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	60	50	2,795	1,165	1,630
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	610	285	320	24,610	11,405	13,205
Bachelor's degree	405	185	225	16,720	7,510	9,210
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	35	1,790	770	1,020
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	10	25	540	245	295
Master's degree	85	55	35	4,850	2,445	2,405
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	705	430	280
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,715	2,335	2,375	101,860	49,210	52,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,995	1,020	975	43,365	21,060	22,305
Education	205	60	150	3,265	710	2,560
13. Education	205	55	150	3,265	715	2,555
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	85	100	2,570	1,135	1,440
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	540	365	175
50. Visual and performing arts	175	65	100	2,030	770	1,260
Humanities	230	115	115	3,350	1,150	2,205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	15	15	675	140	535
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	20	930	290	640
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	60	55	970	325	645
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	135	80	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	185	125	55
54. History	20	10	10	325	165	160
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	10	120	10	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	105	195	6,910	2,410	4,495
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	100	30	70
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	635	230	405
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	30	1,065	95	970
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	45	1,040	265	775
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	10	95	40	55
42. Psychology	45	10	30	1,105	320	785
45. Social sciences	115	60	60	2,870	1,435	1,435
Business, management and public administration	585	245	345	13,220	5,385	7,835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15	525	135	395
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	565	230	335	12,680	5,240	7,440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	60	20	2,540	1,330	1,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	10	950	390	550
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	600	345	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	25	0	20
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	885	570	320
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	80	20	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	30	3,005	1,995	1,010
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	35	20	2,475	1,765	710
25. Library science	10	0	0	130	20	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	355	180	175
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	455	420	35	12,510	10,940	1,570
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	460	305	160
14. Engineering	85	75	10	4,325	3,420	905
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	100	10	2,135	1,855	270
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	80	0	2,360	2,275	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0	2,075	1,965	110
48. Precision production	65	65	0	1,165	1,120	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	30	685	410	270
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	45	15	435	240	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	255	175	75
Health and related fields	350	60	295	7,675	1,465	6,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	25	15	670	330	345
51. Health professions and related programs	295	35	265	6,845	1,055	5,785
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	165	80	85
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	80	85	2,740	1,215	1,525
12. Personal and culinary services	85	20	65	1,855	470	1,380
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	15	340	245	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	525	485	45
Other	0	0	0	20	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,625	1,305	1,320	70,615	33,705	36,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,000	535	465	22,155	10,875	11,280
Education	90	20	70	2,470	530	1,945
13. Education	95	25	70	2,475	525	1,945
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	50	50	2,120	920	1,195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	440	295	145
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	50	1,680	625	1,050
Humanities	100	60	45	2,800	890	1,910
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	10	595	115	485
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	785	225	555
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	50	20	785	250	540
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	120	65	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	135	90	40
54. History	0	0	0	255	125	130
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	115	10	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	55	135	5,850	1,945	3,900
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	100	25	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	560	195	365
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	25	915	80	840
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30	895	225	670
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	35	40
42. Psychology	20	0	15	920	255	665
45. Social sciences	70	30	40	2,395	1,145	1,250
Business, management and public administration	390	150	245	11,285	4,555	6,725
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	445	115	330
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	380	140	235	10,825	4,435	6,395
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	10	2,040	1,000	1,045
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	810	315	490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	450	240	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	25	0	25
40. Physical sciences	15	10	10	685	430	260
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	10	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	35	25	2,730	1,840	890
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	25	20	2,295	1,660	630
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	15	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	295	140	150
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	290	270	25	10,075	8,660	1,410
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	390	245	150
14. Engineering	45	35	15	3,685	2,855	830
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	75	0	1,700	1,465	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	65	60	0	1,820	1,740	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	1,665	1,575	85
48. Precision production	55	55	0	820	785	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	535	315	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	10	330	170	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	15	205	145	65
Health and related fields	185	30	155	6,320	1,190	5,125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	0	545	260	290
51. Health professions and related programs	155	10	140	5,625	865	4,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	140	70	80
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	50	70	2,215	965	1,245
12. Personal and culinary services	70	20	55	1,510	380	1,130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	15	280	190	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	10	415	380	35
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,710	2,335	2,375	101,855	49,210	52,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,995	1,020	975	43,365	21,060	22,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,715	1,315	1,405	58,495	28,150	30,345
Location of study inside Canada	2,480	1,205	1,275	37,890	18,385	19,505
Same as province or territory of residence	2,245	1,065	1,180	31,760	15,180	16,580
Different than province or territory of residence	240	145	95	6,130	3,205	2,925
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	110	125	20,605	9,765	10,840
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	30	35	1,750	1,075	675
Philippines	10	0	10	1,790	680	1,110
India	0	0	0	720	355	365
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	30	25	1,235	720	515
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	3,550	1,610	1,945
France	25	10	15	95	60	35
Other	80	40	35	11,460	5,265	6,195
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,625	1,310	1,315	70,610	33,705	36,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,000	535	465	22,160	10,875	11,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,625	770	855	48,455	22,830	25,625
Location of study inside Canada	1,505	725	775	31,480	15,140	16,340
Same as province or territory of residence	1,385	665	720	26,530	12,555	13,975
Different than province or territory of residence	120	65	55	4,950	2,585	2,370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	120	45	80	16,975	7,695	9,285
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	15	25	1,445	855	585
Philippines	0	0	0	1,500	550	950
India	0	0	0	555	245	310
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	10	15	785	430	355
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	3,125	1,415	1,715
France	15	10	10	95	60	40
Other	35	0	30	9,470	4,135	5,330
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,710	2,335	2,375	101,860	49,210	52,650
In the labour force	2,595	1,360	1,235	67,940	35,585	32,355
Employed	2,480	1,290	1,185	64,165	33,545	30,610
Unemployed	115	70	50	3,775	2,030	1,740
Not in the labour force	2,120	975	1,140	33,920	13,625	20,295
Participation rate	55.1	58.2	52.0	66.7	72.3	61.5
Employment rate	52.7	55.2	49.9	63.0	68.2	58.1
Unemployment rate	4.4	5.1	4.0	5.6	5.7	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,715	2,335	2,375	101,855	49,210	52,650
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,845	785	1,060	31,920	12,875	19,045
Worked	2,870	1,550	1,315	69,935	36,330	33,605
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,255	665	585	34,915	20,395	14,520
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,615	885	735	35,025	15,935	19,090
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	40.1	41.8	42.8	43.9	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,595	1,360	1,230	67,940	35,585	32,355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	15	20	1,265	595	665
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,565	1,345	1,220	66,670	34,990	31,690
Employee	1,935	1,000	935	58,435	29,860	28,575
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	630	350	280	8,240	5,125	3,110
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,590	1,360	1,235	67,935	35,585	32,355
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	10	15	1,265	595	665
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,565	1,350	1,220	66,675	34,985	31,685
0 Management occupations	375	230	140	7,955	5,195	2,760
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	370	80	295	11,805	3,440	8,365
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	145	95	45	5,325	4,240	1,085
3 Health occupations	150	15	130	4,115	875	3,245
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	290	95	195	7,010	2,220	4,795
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	80	70	2,275	1,190	1,095
6 Sales and service occupations	480	255	230	16,455	7,365	9,095
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	330	310	20	9,340	8,735	605
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	135	105	25	580	485	95
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150	80	70	1,810	1,255	555
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,595	1,360	1,235	67,940	35,585	32,355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	15	15	1,265	600	665
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,565	1,345	1,215	66,675	34,985	31,685
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	165	120	50	315	190	125
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	165	110	55
22 Utilities	10	0	0	400	270	130
23 Construction	175	145	35	5,640	4,760	880
31-33 Manufacturing	425	250	170	4,560	3,210	1,355
41 Wholesale trade	75	50	30	3,320	2,240	1,080
44-45 Retail trade	255	110	140	8,355	4,020	4,340
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100	60	40	3,085	2,425	665
51 Information and cultural industries	60	40	20	2,490	1,585	910
52 Finance and insurance	75	25	50	3,360	1,475	1,885
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	20	20	1,545	810	730
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	160	85	70	6,330	3,655	2,675
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	10	140	85	50
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	135	85	50	2,905	1,700	1,205
61 Educational services	175	85	95	4,655	1,475	3,180
62 Health care and social assistance	250	25	220	7,055	1,165	5,895
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	60	40	1,300	680	620
72 Accommodation and food services	160	80	80	4,975	2,175	2,795
81 Other services (except public administration)	140	65	75	2,855	1,245	1,610
91 Public administration	65	35	25	3,220	1,715	1,505
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,480	1,295	1,185	64,165	33,550	30,615
Worked at home	410	220	185	5,025	2,480	2,540
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	720	515	210
No fixed workplace address	255	185	65	8,385	6,345	2,040
Worked at usual place	1,810	875	935	50,040	24,210	25,825
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,810	875	935	50,040	24,210	25,825
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	785	380	400	11,335	4,710	6,625
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	425	170	250	37,890	19,050	18,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	590	310	275	600	320	285
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	205	130	75
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,060	1,060	995	58,420	30,555	27,865
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,735	905	830	43,550	24,190	19,355
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	95	45	50	3,315	1,255	2,060
Public transit	30	0	25	8,500	3,725	4,780
Walked	165	95	75	2,085	755	1,335
Bicycle	10	10	10	345	265	80
Other method	25	0	15	620	370	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,060	1,065	1,000	58,420	30,555	27,860
Less than 15 minutes	865	430	435	10,455	4,410	6,045
15 to 29 minutes	620	275	340	14,255	6,695	7,555
30 to 44 minutes	260	145	110	13,680	8,030	5,655
45 to 59 minutes	65	35	30	8,570	5,000	3,570
60 minutes and over	255	170	85	11,460	6,420	5,040
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,060	1,065	995	58,420	30,555	27,865
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	90	30	4,705	3,280	1,425
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	460	290	170	11,415	6,935	4,475
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	625	270	350	15,020	7,650	7,360
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	365	165	195	10,495	4,630	5,860
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200	75	125	8,145	3,520	4,630
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	290	170	120	8,645	4,530	4,110
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,950	1,585	1,365	72,425	37,470	34,950
Single responses	2,755	1,465	1,285	70,620	36,600	34,020
Official languages	2,750	1,460	1,290	67,815	35,135	32,685
English	1,065	585	480	67,660	35,090	32,570
French	1,675	870	805	155	40	115
Non-official languages	10	0	0	2,805	1,465	1,340
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	2,805	1,465	1,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	295	165	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	180	115	60
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	55	30	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	120	85	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	120	90	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	665	355	305
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,730	900	835
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,730	895	835
Cantonese	0	0	0	740	365	375
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	945	500	445
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	35	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	120	80	1,805	875	930
English and French	200	120	80	135	70	65
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,655	800	855
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,950	1,585	1,365	72,425	37,470	34,950
None	1,300	710	590	66,000	34,210	31,790
English	1,025	525	505	1,355	645	710
French	600	340	255	575	250	325
Non-official language	10	10	0	4,410	2,320	2,085
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	10	4,405	2,320	2,085
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	45	30	10
French and non-official language	10	0	0	40	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,295	2,630	2,670	121,250	59,245	62,005
Non-movers	4,780	2,345	2,430	103,755	50,850	52,905
Movers	520	285	240	17,490	8,400	9,095
Non-migrants	185	120	70	7,420	3,545	3,875
Migrants	335	165	170	10,070	4,850	5,220
Internal migrants	325	155	170	7,690	3,790	3,895
Intraprovincial migrants	325	155	165	6,655	3,255	3,400
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	10	1,035	535	500
External migrants	0	0	0	2,385	1,060	1,325
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,150	2,560	2,595	116,145	56,625	59,515
Non-movers	3,600	1,800	1,795	66,065	32,505	33,560
Movers	1,550	755	800	50,075	24,120	25,955
Non-migrants	550	285	265	20,810	10,065	10,745
Migrants	1,005	470	535	29,270	14,050	15,210
Internal migrants	950	455	495	20,740	10,135	10,610
Intraprovincial migrants	940	445	490	18,110	8,835	9,275
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0	2,635	1,295	1,335
External migrants	55	20	35	8,520	3,920	4,605

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Brome, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Brome, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Coquitlam--Port Coquitlam [Federal electoral district], British Columbia