Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummond, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Drummond, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Stayner Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Drummond, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Drummond, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Stayner [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	103,397	...	...	4,029	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,681	...	...	3,844^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	47,581	...	...	1,584	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,334	...	...	1,546	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	64.6	...	...	1,114.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,600.26	...	...	3.62	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	103,395	51,560	51,840	4,025	1,975	2,045
0 to 14 years	17,610	9,075	8,530	675	360	320
0 to 4 years	5,700	2,895	2,805	220	110	110
5 to 9 years	6,245	3,245	3,000	225	130	100
10 to 14 years	5,665	2,940	2,720	230	120	110
15 to 64 years	66,045	33,505	32,545	2,500	1,245	1,250
15 to 19 years	5,685	2,885	2,805	260	140	115
20 to 24 years	5,645	2,905	2,740	220	110	110
25 to 29 years	5,625	2,930	2,695	275	145	125
30 to 34 years	6,140	3,150	2,995	225	105	120
35 to 39 years	7,345	3,735	3,610	225	100	120
40 to 44 years	6,190	3,190	2,995	245	125	120
45 to 49 years	6,180	3,205	2,975	260	125	135
50 to 54 years	7,595	3,795	3,805	265	135	130
55 to 59 years	8,005	3,910	4,090	275	130	145
60 to 64 years	7,625	3,795	3,835	255	125	130
65 years and over	19,745	8,980	10,765	850	370	480
65 to 69 years	6,900	3,360	3,535	225	110	120
70 to 74 years	5,165	2,465	2,695	175	80	90
75 to 79 years	3,185	1,480	1,700	145	70	75
80 to 84 years	2,205	910	1,295	140	55	85
85 years and over	2,295	760	1,535	170	65	105
85 to 89 years	1,430	530	900	100	45	60
90 to 94 years	660	185	475	55	15	40
95 to 99 years	185	35	150	10	0	10
100 years and over	20	10	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.6	16.5	16.8	18.2	15.6
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.0	62.8	62.1	63.0	61.1
65 years and over	19.1	17.4	20.8	21.1	18.7	23.5
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	3.0	4.2	3.3	5.1
Average age of the population	42.1	41.1	43.1	42.7	41.0	44.3
Median age of the population	42.8	41.6	44.2	43.0	41.3	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,330	...	...	1,545	...	...
Single-detached house	24,885	...	...	1,220	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	245	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,675	...	...	325	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,085	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	805	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,540	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,025	...	...	150	...	...
Other single-attached house	220	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	530	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,335	...	...	1,545	...	...
1 person	15,320	...	...	395	...	...
2 persons	16,580	...	...	525	...	...
3 persons	5,770	...	...	255	...	...
4 persons	5,105	...	...	245	...	...
5 or more persons	2,550	...	...	125	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,090	...	...	3,875	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	85,785	42,480	43,305	3,350	1,620	1,730
Married or living common law	49,650	24,840	24,810	1,960	990	970
Married	26,705	13,395	13,305	1,565	790	770
Living common law	22,945	11,440	11,505	400	195	205
Not married and not living common law	36,135	17,640	18,495	1,390	635	755
Never married	23,420	13,135	10,285	755	430	325
Separated	1,035	515	525	135	70	70
Divorced	6,540	2,810	3,730	180	70	110
Widowed	5,140	1,180	3,955	315	65	250
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,780	...	...	1,145	...	...
2 persons	16,150	...	...	570	...	...
3 persons	5,480	...	...	265	...	...
4 persons	4,935	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	2,220	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,780	...	...	1,150	...	...
Total couple families	24,215	...	...	955	...	...
Married couples	12,745	...	...	755	...	...
Common-law couples	11,470	...	...	200	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,565	...	...	190	...	...
Female parent	3,275	...	...	150	...	...
Male parent	1,300	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,215	...	...	955	...	...
Couples without children	13,395	...	...	460	...	...
Couples with children	10,815	...	...	490	...	...
1 child	4,115	...	...	200	...	...
2 children	4,580	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	2,120	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,570	...	...	190	...	...
1 child	2,750	...	...	105	...	...
2 children	1,365	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	450	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,760	10,255	9,505	570	265	310
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,335	...	...	1,545	...	...
One-census-family households	28,325	...	...	1,075	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,205	...	...	435	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,125	...	...	640	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	225	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,780	...	...	430	...	...
One-person households	15,320	...	...	395	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,460	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	101,955	50,880	51,075	3,915	1,950	1,965
English only	155	80	75	3,770	1,890	1,880
French only	73,645	35,225	38,420	5	0	0
English and French	27,870	15,420	12,450	125	50	75
Neither English nor French	280	155	130	10	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	101,955	50,880	51,070	3,915	1,945	1,965
English	1,290	650	635	3,855	1,925	1,930
French	99,995	49,860	50,135	40	20	25
English and French	410	230	185	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	265	140	125	5	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,490	765	725	45	15	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.1	0.8	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	101,950	50,880	51,075	3,915	1,950	1,965
Single responses	101,235	50,510	50,725	3,900	1,945	1,950
Official languages	99,110	49,395	49,710	3,765	1,895	1,875
English	1,245	625	615	3,720	1,870	1,850
French	97,865	48,770	49,095	45	20	25
Non-official languages	2,130	1,115	1,015	135	50	75
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,130	1,115	1,010	130	55	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	205	145	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	345	200	145	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	340	200	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,295	670	630	100	45	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	65	85	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	150	70	85	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	10	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	90	60	50	20	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	5	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	140	80	60	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	945	485	460	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	10	5	5
Portuguese	25	15	10	15	5	10
Romanian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	850	430	420	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	185	85	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	45	15	5	5
Chinese languages	90	45	40	15	5	5
Cantonese	5	5	0	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	40	35	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	715	365	345	15	5	15
English and French	460	230	220	5	0	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	10	0	10
French and non-official language	220	115	105	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	101,955	50,875	51,075	3,915	1,945	1,965
Single responses	100,885	50,315	50,570	3,880	1,935	1,945
Official languages	99,685	49,715	49,975	3,840	1,920	1,925
English	825	425	405	3,830	1,910	1,915
French	98,865	49,290	49,570	15	5	10
Non-official languages	1,195	605	595	40	15	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,195	605	595	40	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	105	75	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	100	80	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	180	105	80	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	740	365	380	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	40	50	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slavic languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	595	290	295	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	5	5	10	0	5
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	565	275	285	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	40	35	10	0	5
Chinese languages	75	40	35	10	5	5
Cantonese	5	5	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,070	565	505	30	10	20
English and French	435	230	200	5	0	5
English and non-official language	25	15	10	30	10	15
French and non-official language	550	285	270	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	101,950	50,880	51,075	3,915	1,945	1,965
None	96,875	48,225	48,650	3,830	1,910	1,920
English	3,445	1,850	1,595	25	10	10
French	955	470	485	15	10	10
Non-official language	550	280	270	45	15	30
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	545	270	270	45	15	25
English and French	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	82,495	41,175	41,325	3,205	1,570	1,630
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,360	40,225	40,135	3,080	1,505	1,575
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,560	35,638	25,754	31,936	39,744	25,685
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,375	40,225	40,150	3,085	1,505	1,575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,697	31,336	24,029	29,280	35,424	24,064
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,150	36,115	34,040	2,780	1,395	1,385
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,407	33,420	22,256	28,215	36,309	21,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,115	30,440	33,675	2,310	1,035	1,275
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,073	7,077	8,847	7,400	6,448	8,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,230	30,385	26,850	2,265	1,180	1,080
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,278	34,658	24,209	31,253	39,501	24,384
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,270	1,605	1,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,390	40,185	40,205	3,150	1,520	1,630
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,157	44,601	31,717	37,469	44,602	30,792
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,415	40,190	40,225	3,150	1,525	1,630
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,138	36,654	27,625	32,728	38,046	27,750
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,170	36,155	34,020	2,880	1,405	1,475
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,500	42,569	27,988	34,043	42,536	25,951
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,995	30,280	33,715	2,350	1,030	1,325
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,008	8,366	9,584	8,527	7,951	8,977
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,230	30,350	26,885	2,340	1,195	1,145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,639	39,341	29,332	35,890	44,122	27,299
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,275	1,605	1,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,970	14,805	11,170	1,120	680	440
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,853	44,373	37,122	46,499	52,575	41,161
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,119	51,500	41,313	52,063	56,937	44,548
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.6	85.2	74.3	83.4	87.5	77.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.2	69.8	61.5	70.4	76.7	62.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.4	14.8	25.7	16.6	12.3	22.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,205	1,570	1,630
Without total income	2,135	950	1,185	120	60	60
With total income	80,360	40,225	40,140	3,080	1,505	1,575
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.7	97.1	96.1	95.9	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,280	3,915	5,365	375	150	220
$10,000 to $19,999	16,470	6,495	9,970	580	215	360
$20,000 to $29,999	13,750	6,245	7,505	505	200	300
$30,000 to $39,999	12,210	6,260	5,950	430	195	240
$40,000 to $49,999	10,605	5,785	4,815	400	210	190
$50,000 to $59,999	6,610	3,990	2,615	205	110	100
$60,000 to $69,999	3,985	2,565	1,420	200	150	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,795	1,660	1,135	135	105	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,575	1,050	520	85	50	30
$90,000 to $99,999	910	625	285	65	40	25
$100,000 and over	2,180	1,635	550	105	80	25
$100,000 to $149,999	1,505	1,110	395	65	50	15
$150,000 and over	680	530	150	35	25	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	82,495	41,170	41,320	3,205	1,570	1,635
Without after-tax income	2,120	945	1,170	120	65	60
With after-tax income	80,380	40,230	40,150	3,080	1,505	1,575
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.7	97.2	96.1	95.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,590	3,995	5,595	380	155	230
$10,000 to $19,999	17,350	6,905	10,445	615	240	375
$20,000 to $29,999	17,045	8,080	8,965	580	220	365
$30,000 to $39,999	15,535	8,435	7,100	525	270	250
$40,000 to $49,999	9,975	5,865	4,110	360	175	190
$50,000 to $59,999	5,160	3,140	2,020	260	195	60
$60,000 to $69,999	2,685	1,635	1,050	160	115	50
$70,000 to $79,999	1,215	830	390	90	50	35
$80,000 and over	1,820	1,335	485	110	85	30
$80,000 to $89,999	595	435	165	40	30	10
$90,000 to $99,999	360	260	100	15	15	5
$100,000 and over	865	640	225	55	40	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,205	1,570	1,630
Without employment income	25,265	10,790	14,475	940	385	550
With employment income	57,230	30,385	26,850	2,265	1,185	1,080
Percentage with employment income	69.4	73.8	65.0	70.7	75.5	66.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,175	3,540	3,635	285	135	155
$5,000 to $9,999	4,665	2,030	2,640	175	70	110
$10,000 to $19,999	8,995	3,815	5,185	350	145	200
$20,000 to $29,999	8,385	3,815	4,570	295	120	170
$30,000 to $39,999	8,555	4,495	4,060	280	130	145
$40,000 to $49,999	6,870	4,125	2,745	280	145	135
$50,000 to $59,999	4,385	2,980	1,405	140	75	65
$60,000 to $69,999	2,780	1,835	950	150	120	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,170	1,315	850	110	90	25
$80,000 and over	3,245	2,435	815	205	145	55
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	775	320	65	45	25
$90,000 to $99,999	655	490	165	60	35	20
$100,000 and over	1,500	1,170	330	75	65	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,335	...	...	1,545	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,580	...	...	67,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,816	...	...	59,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,320	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,994	...	...	30,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,104	...	...	28,608	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,015	...	...	1,150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,929	...	...	80,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,264	...	...	71,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,664	...	...	75,983	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,007	...	...	66,369	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,300	...	...	395	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,968	...	...	37,655	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,496	...	...	33,769	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,035	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,334	...	...	89,074	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,527	...	...	77,504	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,330	...	...	1,545	...	...
Under $5,000	335	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	840	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,920	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,750	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,710	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,160	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,930	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,810	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,610	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,420	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,280	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,650	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,210	...	...	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,600	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,250	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,850	...	...	405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,735	...	...	175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,855	...	...	95	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,430	...	...	95	...	...
$200,000 and over	830	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,335	...	...	1,545	...	...
Under $5,000	375	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	860	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,940	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,895	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,075	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,685	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,575	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,380	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,875	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,705	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,835	...	...	160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,130	...	...	160	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,220	...	...	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,510	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,875	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,405	...	...	265	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,515	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	980	...	...	80	...	...
$150,000 and over	910	...	...	55	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,930	...	...	1,125	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,314	...	...	80,282	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,513	...	...	70,758	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,000	...	...	425	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,944	...	...	71,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,700	...	...	64,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,860	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,526	...	...	102,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,733	...	...	90,027	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,475	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,067	...	...	48,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,456	...	...	45,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,890	...	...	1,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,119	...	...	88,981	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,048	...	...	77,390	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,955	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,149	...	...	77,607	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,995	...	...	67,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,915	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,673	...	...	109,619	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,719	...	...	94,457	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,405	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,741	...	...	57,388	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,187	...	...	51,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,250	9,590	8,660	500	235	270
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,620	29,208	23,021	29,632	30,720	28,736
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,114	26,481	22,229	27,456	28,224	26,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,230	9,665	8,565	455	180	270
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,774	33,537	29,784	36,231	37,489	35,388
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,572	28,716	26,281	32,490	32,834	32,260
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	100,090	50,240	49,850	3,880	1,925	1,950
In the bottom half of the distribution	66,490	32,875	33,610	2,085	1,000	1,080
In the bottom decile	9,705	4,790	4,915	275	130	145
In the second decile	13,335	6,095	7,240	405	190	220
In the third decile	15,090	7,450	7,645	495	240	255
In the fourth decile	15,025	7,660	7,370	415	195	215
In the fifth decile	13,325	6,880	6,440	500	250	245
In the top half of the distribution	33,600	17,365	16,235	1,790	925	865
In the sixth decile	11,310	5,890	5,420	515	265	255
In the seventh decile	8,985	4,640	4,340	450	235	215
In the eighth decile	6,295	3,235	3,055	415	215	200
In the ninth decile	4,120	2,135	1,985	245	125	120
In the top decile	2,890	1,465	1,425	160	85	75
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	100,090	50,245	49,850	3,880	1,925	1,955
0 to 17 years	20,970	10,745	10,225	840	445	395
0 to 5 years	6,875	3,510	3,360	265	130	130
18 to 64 years	62,040	31,335	30,705	2,320	1,160	1,165
65 years and over	17,080	8,160	8,920	715	325	390
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,045	7,500	8,535	475	220	255
0 to 17 years	3,045	1,575	1,475	130	70	60
0 to 5 years	970	510	455	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	9,115	4,390	4,725	255	120	130
65 years and over	3,875	1,530	2,345	95	30	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	14.9	17.1	12.2	11.4	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	14.5	14.7	14.4	15.5	15.7	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.5	13.5	15.1	15.4	15.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.0	15.4	11.0	10.3	11.2
65 years and over (%)	22.7	18.8	26.3	13.3	9.2	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,110	3,610	3,500	165	90	80
0 to 17 years	1,250	675	575	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	420	235	185	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	5,445	2,770	2,675	125	70	55
65 years and over	415	165	250	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	7.2	7.0	4.3	4.7	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	6.3	5.6	4.2	3.4	5.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.1	6.7	5.5	3.8	0.0	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.8	8.7	5.4	6.0	4.7
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.0	2.8	0.7	0.0	1.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	100,090	50,240	49,850	3,965	1,995	1,965
Official languages	99,790	50,115	49,670	3,960	2,000	1,960
English	27,880	15,465	12,410	3,945	1,990	1,950
French	99,610	50,035	49,580	145	65	85
Non-official languages	4,505	2,140	2,375	155	70	90
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0	10	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	0	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,495	2,130	2,360	150	65	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	415	255	165	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	410	250	160	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	410	245	160	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	30	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	20	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	20	10	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,380	1,530	1,845	130	50	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	250	130	120	20	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	250	125	120	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	40	10	0	0	0
Russian	55	25	25	10	0	10
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	335	185	150	75	40	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	15	50	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	295	170	130	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,865	1,240	1,620	30	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	75	75	15	10	10
Portuguese	65	45	20	0	0	10
Romanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	2,720	1,150	1,560	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	200	100	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	25	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	45	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	40	40	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	90	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	165	90	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	85	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	100,090	50,245	49,850	3,960	1,995	1,965
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	98,760	49,580	49,175	3,910	1,975	1,935
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,665	10,640	10,025	895	510	390
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	78,090	38,940	39,150	3,015	1,470	1,545
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,330	660	670	50	20	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	100,090	50,240	49,845	3,960	1,995	1,965
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	97,055	48,720	48,335	3,745	1,910	1,835
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,905	1,435	1,465	210	80	130
Before 1981	480	285	195	160	65	95
1981 to 1990	275	130	145	20	0	10
1991 to 2000	435	185	250	15	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,030	500	530	15	10	10
2001 to 2005	480	235	245	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	545	270	280	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	685	335	350	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	130	85	50	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,905	1,440	1,465	210	80	130
Under 5 years	440	200	240	25	10	10
5 to 14 years	610	345	265	60	15	45
15 to 24 years	470	220	255	60	35	30
25 to 44 years	1,135	545	590	55	20	35
45 years and over	255	135	125	10	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,910	1,440	1,465	210	85	130
Americas	930	455	470	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	510	240	270	10	0	10
El Salvador	25	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	75	55	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	15	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	70	75	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	140	65	75	0	0	0
Europe	890	460	420	195	75	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	95	45	45	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	390	185	205	0	0	0
Germany	60	20	45	15	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0	0	0	10
Netherlands	20	15	10	45	30	20
Poland	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	90	35	60
Other places of birth in Europe	225	145	80	15	0	10
Africa	590	325	265	0	0	0
Algeria	45	30	15	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	85	45	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	430	225	200	0	0	0
Asia	500	195	305	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	180	65	115	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	70	20	50	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	40	55	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	690	340	350	0	0	0
Americas	110	50	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	15	30	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	10	0	0	0
Europe	75	40	35	0	0	0
France	55	30	30	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	320	160	160	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	45	30	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	90	110	0	0	0
Asia	180	85	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	10	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	100,090	50,245	49,850	3,960	2,000	1,965
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,135	1,555	1,585	230	95	130
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,075	1,655	1,425	500	200	300
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	93,880	47,035	46,845	3,235	1,700	1,535
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,455	1,175	1,285	65	20	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	755	400	355	35	10	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	370	245	125	15	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	385	155	230	25	10	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	645	270	370	20	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,055	500	555	10	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	100,090	50,240	49,850	3,960	1,995	1,965
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,145	605	545	85	60	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,080	580	500	80	60	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	520	270	250	25	25	0
Métis	525	275	245	55	25	25
Inuk (Inuit)	35	30	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	98,945	49,640	49,305	3,880	1,945	1,935
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	100,090	50,240	49,845	3,960	1,995	1,965
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	280	150	135	15	15	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	99,810	50,095	49,715	3,945	1,985	1,965
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	100,095	50,240	49,850	3,960	1,995	1,965
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	880	465	415	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	865	460	405	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	745	375	365	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	115	75	40	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,850	1,335	1,515	170	100	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,805	1,315	1,490	170	105	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,635	1,225	1,405	105	80	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	75	85	55	25	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	96,360	48,435	47,920	3,785	1,890	1,900
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	100,090	50,240	49,850	3,960	1,995	1,965
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,385	1,185	1,200	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	235	75	155	0	0	0
Black	700	390	310	0	0	0
Filipino	15	0	10	0	10	0
Latin American	705	330	370	0	0	10
Arab	420	260	165	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	175	65	110	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	97,705	49,055	48,655	3,950	1,990	1,960
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	100,090	50,240	49,850	3,965	2,000	1,965
North American Aboriginal origins	3,735	1,805	1,930	175	105	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,440	1,635	1,805	105	80	30
Inuit	45	35	0	0	0	0
Métis	315	165	145	65	35	30
Other North American origins	80,150	40,010	40,135	1,720	900	820
Acadian	390	190	205	0	0	0
American	540	235	310	50	25	20
Canadian	77,415	38,690	38,725	1,710	895	810
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,730	1,315	1,415	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,150	15,340	14,815	3,035	1,525	1,505
British Isles origins	6,440	3,045	3,395	2,570	1,270	1,305
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,415	700	715	1,770	815	950
Irish	4,420	2,040	2,375	1,095	580	510
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,310	605	710	1,195	605	590
Welsh	35	0	35	150	75	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	55	35	15	75	35	35
French origins	24,105	12,275	11,830	335	170	165
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	130	65	60	0	0	0
Corsican	20	15	10	0	0	0
French	23,975	12,195	11,775	335	170	160
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,050	1,075	970	1,050	540	505
Austrian	15	15	0	50	30	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	485	255	225	0	0	0
Dutch	125	75	55	380	210	165
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,140	595	540	685	320	370
Luxembourger	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	395	205	190	55	20	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	155	65	95	35	20	15
Danish	25	10	15	20	10	10
Finnish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	0	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Swedish	45	25	25	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	440	225	210	205	90	115
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	30	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	160	95	55	45	25	25
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Russian	55	30	25	45	25	20
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	60	60	90	50	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,500	815	675	190	95	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	0	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	60	45	10	10	10
Italian	855	495	355	95	55	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	75	65	15	10	10
Serbian	40	30	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	15	10	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	20	10	15
Spanish	275	130	145	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	20	30	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	65	35	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	330	200	130	20	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	10	35	0	0	0
Dominican	55	35	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	230	155	75	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	945	495	450	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	10	0	0	10
Colombian	655	340	310	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	40	45	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	20	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	860	465	395	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	215	130	80	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	90	55	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	0	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	30	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	350	205	140	0	0	0
Algerian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Berber	40	30	15	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	125	80	50	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	40	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	140	65	75	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	100	50	55	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	165	70	100	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	160	70	90	0	10	0
Asian origins	925	420	510	40	20	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	400	225	175	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	70	45	0	0	0
Armenian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	10	25	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	65	40	25	10	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	85	50	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	25	15	10	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	10	10	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	500	180	320	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	40	65	0	0	0
Chinese	245	75	165	0	0	0
Filipino	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	15	15	10	0	0
Australian	20	10	10	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
Owner	27,755	...	...	1,220	...	...
Renter	17,580	...	...	335	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
Condominium	2,430	...	...	115	...	...
Not condominium	42,905	...	...	1,435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
No bedrooms	220	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,095	...	...	115	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,130	...	...	300	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,555	...	...	670	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,335	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,535	...	...	270	...	...
5 rooms	9,850	...	...	180	...	...
6 rooms	5,650	...	...	290	...	...
7 rooms	5,800	...	...	205	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,500	...	...	610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,165	...	...	1,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	165	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
Suitable	44,525	...	...	1,500	...	...
Not suitable	810	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,330	...	...	1,555	...	...
1960 or before	9,780	...	...	455	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,105	...	...	460	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,235	...	...	210	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,235	...	...	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,170	...	...	120	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,695	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,110	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	43,070	...	...	1,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,260	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,330	...	...	1,555	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,845	...	...	945	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,160	...	...	585	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	330	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,335	...	...	1,555	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,825	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,255	...	...	205	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,960	...	...	250	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,245	...	...	290	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,560	...	...	330	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,690	...	...	225	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,920	...	...	175	...	...
85 years and over	885	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	44,765	...	...	1,555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,780	...	...	1,160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,980	...	...	390	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,400	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,295	...	...	1,220	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.4	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.6	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	843	...	...	1,209	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	889	...	...	1,171	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	180,207	...	...	274,545	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	204,690	...	...	298,707	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,520	...	...	335	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.8	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.7	...	...	49.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	602	...	...	991	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	621	...	...	1,017	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	82,495	41,170	41,320	3,275	1,605	1,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,165	10,710	9,460	765	425	335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,560	8,545	10,015	1,070	570	500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,765	21,920	21,850	1,440	610	825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,970	11,390	6,580	245	195	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	13,095	7,495	5,600	100	75	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,880	3,890	990	145	120	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,680	5,910	8,765	835	270	570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,230	835	1,395	60	35	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,885	3,780	5,110	300	115	185
Bachelor's degree	6,505	2,685	3,815	245	85	155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	680	250	430	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	185	115	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,245	580	665	35	20	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	160	85	80	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,125	26,965	27,165	2,030	1,005	1,025
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,340	5,340	4,000	270	175	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,915	5,010	5,905	650	365	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,870	16,615	17,260	1,105	460	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,200	8,700	5,505	170	125	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,545	5,865	4,680	80	60	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,655	2,835	820	90	65	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,060	4,420	6,635	640	220	420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,370	530	840	40	30	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,245	2,970	4,275	255	90	165
Bachelor's degree	5,380	2,200	3,180	210	70	135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	140	335	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	255	150	105	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,010	425	585	30	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	50	75	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,270	1,605	1,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,725	19,255	19,470	1,835	1,000	840
Education	3,475	770	2,705	70	10	55
13. Education	3,475	770	2,700	70	10	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,210	575	635	50	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	190	55	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	965	390	580	40	10	35
Humanities	1,880	855	1,025	55	15	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	45	125	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	35	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,115	515	605	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	45	25	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	90	55	10	10	10
54. History	95	65	30	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	235	80	155	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,950	625	2,325	185	50	135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	250	80	175	15	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,180	100	1,080	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	425	100	325	15	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	140	15	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	510	90	425	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	415	240	175	65	25	35
Business, management and public administration	9,250	2,775	6,475	185	50	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	15	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	65	300	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,865	2,690	6,175	155	45	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	760	440	325	30	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	90	145	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	95	45	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	125	60	70	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	220	175	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,035	700	335	50	10	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	910	645	260	50	10	40
25. Library science	80	25	55	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	15	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,110	11,385	725	320	310	10
04. Architecture and related services	160	110	50	15	10	0
14. Engineering	910	825	85	20	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,280	1,995	285	55	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,920	2,830	95	70	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,805	2,760	45	125	125	0
48. Precision production	3,040	2,870	170	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,505	930	575	40	25	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,270	745	530	35	25	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	185	45	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,460	1,000	4,455	300	30	270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	160	120	25	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,115	805	4,310	275	15	260
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	40	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,115	1,850	2,260	150	80	75
12. Personal and culinary services	2,495	465	2,030	60	0	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	580	450	130	50	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,025	925	100	35	35	0
Other	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,130	26,965	27,165	2,030	1,000	1,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,260	10,355	9,900	920	540	380
Education	2,290	515	1,775	50	0	40
13. Education	2,295	515	1,775	55	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	910	450	460	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	190	160	30	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	725	290	430	15	10	10
Humanities	1,195	555	635	35	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	20	105	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	675	340	335	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	0	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	50	45	10	0	0
54. History	80	50	35	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	50	95	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,405	450	1,950	145	30	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	50	150	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,045	80	965	50	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	340	85	255	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	0	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	390	60	335	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	290	165	125	40	15	30
Business, management and public administration	7,475	2,050	5,420	125	35	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	40	260	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,165	2,010	5,155	110	30	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	505	270	230	30	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	65	125	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	90	60	30	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	120	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	910	610	300	40	10	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	815	580	235	35	10	25
25. Library science	60	20	45	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,320	8,680	640	245	230	15
04. Architecture and related services	130	95	35	10	0	10
14. Engineering	755	680	75	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,855	1,590	275	55	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,075	2,010	65	45	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,185	2,140	45	95	90	0
48. Precision production	2,315	2,165	145	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,270	765	505	25	10	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,075	615	460	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	150	45	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,245	795	3,450	255	30	230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	140	90	25	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,965	620	3,345	230	15	220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,325	1,450	1,875	130	65	65
12. Personal and culinary services	1,940	275	1,670	55	0	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	485	370	125	45	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	885	800	85	30	30	0
Other	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,270	1,605	1,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,725	19,255	19,475	1,835	995	835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	43,765	21,920	21,850	1,435	610	825
Location of study inside Canada	43,010	21,475	21,530	1,365	580	790
Same as province or territory of residence	42,555	21,230	21,325	1,295	545	745
Different than province or territory of residence	450	245	205	75	40	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	760	440	315	65	25	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	70	35	25	10	20
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	30	20	0	0	0
France	225	140	80	0	0	0
Other	380	200	180	30	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,130	26,965	27,165	2,030	1,005	1,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,255	10,355	9,900	920	540	380
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,870	16,610	17,260	1,110	465	645
Location of study inside Canada	33,250	16,280	16,970	1,070	450	615
Same as province or territory of residence	32,935	16,110	16,820	1,005	420	590
Different than province or territory of residence	320	165	150	60	25	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	625	335	290	40	15	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	30	25	15	0	10
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	30	20	0	0	0
France	180	105	75	0	0	0
Other	335	170	165	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,275	1,605	1,670
In the labour force	52,925	28,110	24,810	2,125	1,115	1,010
Employed	49,325	25,980	23,340	1,960	1,015	945
Unemployed	3,605	2,130	1,475	165	100	65
Not in the labour force	29,570	13,055	16,515	1,150	490	655
Participation rate	64.2	68.3	60.0	64.9	69.5	60.5
Employment rate	59.8	63.1	56.5	59.8	63.2	56.6
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.6	5.9	7.8	9.0	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	82,495	41,170	41,325	3,275	1,605	1,670
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,730	12,085	15,645	1,005	425	585
Worked	54,765	29,085	25,675	2,270	1,185	1,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,350	15,055	11,295	1,140	695	445
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	28,415	14,030	14,380	1,130	490	640
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.2	42.8	42.9	43.5	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,925	28,115	24,810	2,125	1,115	1,010
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,180	555	620	25	0	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	51,745	27,555	24,190	2,100	1,110	990
Employee	45,890	24,045	21,845	1,920	1,015	905
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,855	3,515	2,345	175	90	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,930	28,110	24,815	2,125	1,115	1,010
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,180	555	625	25	10	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	51,745	27,555	24,190	2,095	1,105	990
0 Management occupations	4,830	3,115	1,710	185	115	70
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,760	1,965	4,795	190	45	145
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,495	1,910	585	80	70	15
3 Health occupations	3,300	530	2,775	150	0	145
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,430	1,285	4,150	235	100	140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,050	485	565	45	20	30
6 Sales and service occupations	11,830	4,690	7,145	590	210	380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,850	9,230	625	350	330	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,255	855	400	60	50	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,950	3,495	1,450	195	155	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,930	28,110	24,810	2,125	1,115	1,010
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,180	555	620	25	10	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	51,745	27,555	24,190	2,100	1,105	995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,105	1,375	730	40	25	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	95	35	10	10	0
22 Utilities	200	160	35	10	15	0
23 Construction	3,560	3,155	405	150	135	15
31-33 Manufacturing	10,855	7,825	3,030	260	195	65
41 Wholesale trade	2,550	1,745	800	75	55	20
44-45 Retail trade	6,570	2,885	3,685	355	175	180
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,530	1,995	535	70	60	10
51 Information and cultural industries	420	270	155	40	30	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,265	395	870	20	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	415	245	170	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,150	1,135	1,010	60	40	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,475	875	600	95	45	50
61 Educational services	3,270	830	2,440	145	40	110
62 Health care and social assistance	5,795	835	4,955	260	25	240
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	675	375	300	45	35	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,605	1,140	2,465	205	70	135
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,385	1,255	1,125	100	55	45
91 Public administration	1,810	960	850	145	95	50
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	49,320	25,985	23,340	1,960	1,020	945
Worked at home	3,220	1,650	1,575	50	15	30
Worked outside Canada	55	45	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,760	2,975	785	240	170	70
Worked at usual place	42,290	21,305	20,980	1,670	825	845
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,290	21,305	20,980	1,675	825	850
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,450	12,820	13,635	575	265	305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,565	5,015	4,550	915	450	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,240	3,450	2,790	185	105	75
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	46,050	24,285	21,760	1,915	1,000	910
Car, truck, van - as a driver	41,300	21,945	19,350	1,590	860	725
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,570	710	860	160	75	85
Public transit	385	125	265	0	0	0
Walked	1,970	995	975	145	50	95
Bicycle	435	315	120	15	15	10
Other method	380	195	185	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	46,045	24,285	21,760	1,910	1,000	915
Less than 15 minutes	22,435	11,525	10,915	635	270	370
15 to 29 minutes	15,630	8,055	7,575	730	330	400
30 to 44 minutes	4,045	2,160	1,885	235	165	70
45 to 59 minutes	1,960	1,160	800	155	110	45
60 minutes and over	1,970	1,390	590	155	125	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	46,050	24,285	21,760	1,910	1,000	915
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,560	2,010	555	205	155	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,995	6,100	2,895	365	245	115
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,840	7,980	7,860	480	245	230
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,795	2,675	5,125	375	150	230
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,400	1,125	2,280	160	40	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,450	4,400	3,055	335	155	175
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	56,125	29,805	26,320	2,310	1,195	1,110
Single responses	55,090	29,170	25,925	2,300	1,195	1,105
Official languages	55,035	29,155	25,880	2,300	1,195	1,105
English	875	560	315	2,295	1,190	1,105
French	54,165	28,600	25,565	0	0	0
Non-official languages	55	10	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	10	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	0	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,035	640	395	10	0	10
English and French	955	605	350	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	56,125	29,805	26,320	2,305	1,195	1,110
None	48,245	25,180	23,060	2,300	1,190	1,105
English	7,025	4,140	2,885	0	0	0
French	640	385	255	10	10	0
Non-official language	155	75	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	80	75	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	20	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	99,020	49,780	49,235	3,920	1,975	1,950
Non-movers	86,050	43,355	42,695	3,560	1,790	1,765
Movers	12,970	6,425	6,540	360	180	180
Non-migrants	8,100	4,010	4,085	160	65	95
Migrants	4,870	2,415	2,455	205	115	90
Internal migrants	4,600	2,285	2,315	200	110	90
Intraprovincial migrants	4,535	2,255	2,280	185	100	80
Interprovincial migrants	65	25	40	15	0	0
External migrants	275	135	140	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,395	47,420	46,980	3,745	1,875	1,870
Non-movers	59,695	30,125	29,575	2,545	1,265	1,285
Movers	34,695	17,295	17,405	1,200	610	590
Non-migrants	20,980	10,460	10,525	500	270	230
Migrants	13,715	6,840	6,875	695	340	360
Internal migrants	13,090	6,580	6,510	685	330	355
Intraprovincial migrants	12,845	6,440	6,400	610	300	310
Interprovincial migrants	245	135	110	75	35	45
External migrants	625	255	370	15	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Drummond, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummond, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Drummond, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummond, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Stayner [Population centre], Ontario