Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Pie, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Lakeland [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Pie, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Lakeland Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Saint-Pie, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Pie, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Lakeland [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,607	...	...	108,451	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,438	...	...	104,616	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,475	...	...	50,340	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,308	...	...	41,285	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	52.2	...	...	3.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	107.49	...	...	31,324.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,605	2,900	2,705	108,455	54,690	53,760
0 to 14 years	1,105	555	550	22,005	11,395	10,610
0 to 4 years	390	195	190	7,085	3,670	3,415
5 to 9 years	385	200	195	7,715	3,975	3,740
10 to 14 years	330	160	170	7,205	3,745	3,460
15 to 64 years	3,770	1,965	1,805	69,495	35,295	34,205
15 to 19 years	310	165	145	7,020	3,605	3,415
20 to 24 years	325	160	165	5,990	3,080	2,915
25 to 29 years	330	165	165	6,440	3,230	3,210
30 to 34 years	350	180	165	7,125	3,555	3,575
35 to 39 years	420	220	205	6,905	3,510	3,395
40 to 44 years	350	185	160	6,705	3,410	3,290
45 to 49 years	415	205	205	6,860	3,485	3,375
50 to 54 years	450	235	210	7,715	3,870	3,845
55 to 59 years	480	270	215	7,885	4,030	3,855
60 to 64 years	340	170	170	6,855	3,525	3,325
65 years and over	735	375	355	16,950	8,005	8,945
65 to 69 years	280	160	120	5,450	2,685	2,765
70 to 74 years	210	110	100	4,070	2,015	2,055
75 to 79 years	115	55	55	2,910	1,435	1,475
80 to 84 years	65	30	40	2,245	1,025	1,215
85 years and over	60	20	35	2,275	840	1,430
85 to 89 years	40	15	25	1,370	580	790
90 to 94 years	15	10	10	655	210	445
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	210	45	165
100 years and over	0	0	0	35	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.7	19.1	20.3	20.3	20.8	19.7
15 to 64 years	67.3	67.8	66.7	64.1	64.5	63.6
65 years and over	13.1	12.9	13.1	15.6	14.6	16.6
85 years and over	1.1	0.7	1.3	2.1	1.5	2.7
Average age of the population	38.8	39.1	38.6	39.3	38.7	39.9
Median age of the population	39.4	40.1	38.7	39.1	38.6	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,305	...	...	41,285	...	...
Single-detached house	1,725	...	...	33,290	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	40	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	530	...	...	5,085	...	...
Semi-detached house	70	...	...	790	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	890	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	75	...	...	345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	360	...	...	2,995	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	60	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	50	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,310	...	...	41,285	...	...
1 person	630	...	...	10,310	...	...
2 persons	835	...	...	15,440	...	...
3 persons	355	...	...	5,590	...	...
4 persons	320	...	...	5,485	...	...
5 or more persons	170	...	...	4,455	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,575	...	...	105,230	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,500	2,345	2,155	86,445	43,295	43,150
Married or living common law	2,840	1,420	1,425	53,695	26,945	26,750
Married	1,355	680	670	44,800	22,505	22,295
Living common law	1,485	735	755	8,895	4,440	4,455
Not married and not living common law	1,655	930	730	32,745	16,350	16,400
Never married	1,160	705	455	20,790	11,970	8,825
Separated	45	30	15	1,980	945	1,030
Divorced	275	155	125	4,710	2,370	2,340
Widowed	175	45	135	5,275	1,070	4,200
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,625	...	...	30,415	...	...
2 persons	815	...	...	16,045	...	...
3 persons	340	...	...	5,550	...	...
4 persons	320	...	...	5,265	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	3,545	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,630	...	...	30,415	...	...
Total couple families	1,415	...	...	26,070	...	...
Married couples	670	...	...	21,620	...	...
Common-law couples	740	...	...	4,445	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	215	...	...	4,345	...	...
Female parent	140	...	...	3,200	...	...
Male parent	75	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,410	...	...	26,070	...	...
Couples without children	690	...	...	13,480	...	...
Couples with children	730	...	...	12,595	...	...
1 child	280	...	...	4,355	...	...
2 children	305	...	...	4,880	...	...
3 or more children	140	...	...	3,355	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	4,345	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	2,570	...	...
2 children	60	...	...	1,190	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	830	500	330	15,900	8,630	7,275
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,305	...	...	41,285	...	...
One-census-family households	1,595	...	...	28,695	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	670	...	...	12,905	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	925	...	...	15,790	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	830	...	...
Non-census-family households	695	...	...	11,760	...	...
One-person households	625	...	...	10,310	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	70	...	...	1,450	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,605	2,895	2,705	107,235	54,230	53,010
English only	5	5	0	99,825	50,700	49,125
French only	4,240	2,130	2,115	50	25	25
English and French	1,345	760	580	6,860	3,260	3,595
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	500	245	260
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,605	2,900	2,705	107,240	54,230	53,005
English	40	20	20	103,660	52,410	51,250
French	5,545	2,865	2,680	2,975	1,540	1,440
English and French	5	5	0	105	45	60
Neither English nor French	10	10	5	485	235	255
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	40	25	20	3,035	1,565	1,470
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.9	0.7	2.8	2.9	2.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,605	2,900	2,705	107,235	54,230	53,010
Single responses	5,575	2,880	2,695	105,710	53,480	52,230
Official languages	5,500	2,845	2,655	93,125	47,295	45,825
English	30	15	15	89,870	45,635	44,230
French	5,465	2,830	2,640	3,255	1,660	1,595
Non-official languages	75	35	40	12,590	6,180	6,405
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,560	745	815
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,530	735	795
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	1,525	735	790
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	15	5	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	35	45	11,030	5,440	5,590
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	245	140	105
Berber languages	0	5	0	25	15	10
Kabyle	0	5	0	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	220	130	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	185	110	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	20	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	1,470	580	885
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	95	35	60
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	90	40	50
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	1,205	470	740
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	20	15	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	50	55
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	35	45
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	35	8,425	4,255	4,175
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	3,235	1,580	1,660
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	3,230	1,575	1,655
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	280	115	160
Russian	0	0	0	140	65	75
Serbian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,700	1,330	1,370
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	4,070	2,095	1,975
Afrikaans	0	0	0	145	70	75
Danish	0	0	0	40	20	15
Dutch	5	0	0	175	95	85
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	5	0	5	3,640	1,885	1,760
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	610	335	280
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	570	310	260
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	45	25
Hindi	0	0	0	50	30	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	155	80	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Urdu	0	0	0	205	105	95
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	460	220	240
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	15	25
Romanian	0	0	5	80	35	40
Spanish	30	20	15	315	145	170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	235	120	115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	85	45	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	5	10
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	250	125	130
Chinese languages	5	0	0	250	120	125
Cantonese	0	0	0	100	55	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	105	45	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	20	15	5
Thai	0	0	5	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	5	0	0	45	30	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	25	20	10	1,530	750	780
English and French	15	10	5	325	155	165
English and non-official language	5	5	0	1,150	570	580
French and non-official language	5	5	0	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,600	2,900	2,705	107,240	54,230	53,010
Single responses	5,565	2,880	2,690	104,955	53,150	51,805
Official languages	5,525	2,860	2,670	99,695	50,485	49,210
English	25	15	10	98,850	50,070	48,780
French	5,505	2,840	2,660	845	420	430
Non-official languages	40	25	15	5,260	2,660	2,595
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	260	135	130
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	260	130	125
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	260	130	130
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	255	130	125
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	25	20	4,995	2,535	2,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	75	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	110	65	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	85	50	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	730	340	390
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	620	285	335
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	20	25
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	15	3,670	1,865	1,800
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	370	180	195
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	375	175	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Russian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	220	110	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,755	1,410	1,345
Afrikaans	0	0	0	95	45	50
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	5	0	5	2,555	1,310	1,245
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	40
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	340	175	165
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	320	165	155
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	30	20
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	120	60	65
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	15	185	95	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	25	15	10	150	80	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	170	85	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	145	75	70
Chinese languages	5	0	0	145	70	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	60	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	2,285	1,080	1,205
English and French	15	10	5	150	65	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,105	1,005	1,100
French and non-official language	25	10	15	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,600	2,900	2,705	107,240	54,230	53,010
None	5,440	2,810	2,635	98,350	49,900	48,450
English	105	60	45	2,680	1,335	1,340
French	30	15	20	1,620	775	845
Non-official language	20	15	10	4,515	2,185	2,330
Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,415	700	715
Non-Aboriginal	25	15	10	3,095	1,480	1,620
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,470	2,330	2,140	83,540	42,180	41,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,365	2,275	2,085	79,845	40,415	39,425
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,836	38,912	30,656	39,627	53,327	30,394
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,365	2,270	2,090	79,860	40,425	39,435
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,735	33,472	27,346	35,648	45,912	28,341
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,060	2,165	1,895	73,560	38,285	35,275
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,458	35,445	25,429	38,529	52,812	28,847
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,265	1,595	1,675	48,115	19,540	28,575
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,763	4,912	8,037	6,555	8,154	5,892
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,495	1,885	1,610	63,965	34,220	29,740
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,797	36,710	26,944	37,730	51,556	28,877
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,475	2,310	2,155	83,765	42,300	41,460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,360	2,260	2,105	80,045	40,450	39,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,571	42,922	33,899	55,607	71,427	39,445
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,360	2,260	2,105	80,075	40,455	39,620
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,981	34,431	29,350	45,684	57,153	33,975
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085	2,155	1,925	73,690	38,315	35,375
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,474	39,455	28,896	54,841	70,890	37,458
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,275	1,590	1,690	48,035	19,350	28,690
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,366	7,411	9,264	8,538	8,954	8,258
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,495	1,855	1,635	64,105	34,370	29,735
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,520	39,185	29,231	51,088	64,391	35,714
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,470	2,315	2,155	83,760	42,300	41,460
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,785	1,010	780	28,450	16,990	11,455
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,595	43,925	35,981	58,311	71,770	46,450
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	44,433	48,732	38,874	69,492	81,156	52,192
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.7	88.0	78.1	90.8	93.8	85.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.8	76.5	67.7	74.0	77.2	68.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.3	12.1	21.9	9.2	6.2	14.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,475	2,330	2,145	83,540	42,180	41,360
Without total income	110	55	55	3,700	1,765	1,935
With total income	4,365	2,275	2,090	79,845	40,420	39,430
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.6	97.4	95.6	95.8	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	425	185	240	10,190	3,815	6,375
$10,000 to $19,999	675	270	410	10,930	4,345	6,585
$20,000 to $29,999	740	350	385	10,730	4,240	6,495
$30,000 to $39,999	745	385	360	8,400	3,515	4,885
$40,000 to $49,999	715	400	315	7,500	3,290	4,210
$50,000 to $59,999	420	245	170	6,065	3,000	3,065
$60,000 to $69,999	235	165	75	5,120	2,880	2,240
$70,000 to $79,999	150	95	55	4,040	2,590	1,450
$80,000 to $89,999	110	70	35	3,290	2,175	1,115
$90,000 to $99,999	40	25	15	2,875	1,950	925
$100,000 and over	115	85	35	10,700	8,620	2,080
$100,000 to $149,999	75	55	25	6,850	5,325	1,525
$150,000 and over	35	25	10	3,850	3,295	550
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,470	2,330	2,145	83,540	42,180	41,360
Without after-tax income	105	55	55	3,675	1,760	1,920
With after-tax income	4,365	2,270	2,090	79,865	40,420	39,435
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.4	97.4	95.6	95.8	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	445	195	250	10,405	3,890	6,510
$10,000 to $19,999	740	295	440	11,385	4,535	6,850
$20,000 to $29,999	920	465	465	12,325	4,855	7,465
$30,000 to $39,999	1,015	555	460	10,145	4,350	5,800
$40,000 to $49,999	625	365	260	8,730	4,210	4,515
$50,000 to $59,999	310	195	110	6,950	4,010	2,940
$60,000 to $69,999	150	90	60	5,080	3,300	1,780
$70,000 to $79,999	80	55	25	4,185	2,795	1,390
$80,000 and over	85	60	25	10,655	8,475	2,180
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	10	2,890	2,095	800
$90,000 to $99,999	20	15	0	2,110	1,645	470
$100,000 and over	40	30	15	5,650	4,735	910
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,470	2,330	2,145	83,540	42,180	41,360
Without employment income	980	445	530	19,580	7,960	11,625
With employment income	3,495	1,885	1,610	63,960	34,225	29,740
Percentage with employment income	78.2	80.9	75.1	76.6	81.1	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	350	170	180	8,810	4,245	4,570
$5,000 to $9,999	245	100	145	4,895	2,140	2,760
$10,000 to $19,999	495	215	280	7,295	3,065	4,235
$20,000 to $29,999	545	245	300	6,230	2,500	3,730
$30,000 to $39,999	595	325	265	5,995	2,425	3,570
$40,000 to $49,999	500	295	205	5,470	2,385	3,085
$50,000 to $59,999	285	200	85	4,540	2,320	2,215
$60,000 to $69,999	185	130	55	3,845	2,225	1,620
$70,000 to $79,999	105	65	40	3,185	2,150	1,035
$80,000 and over	190	135	50	13,700	10,780	2,920
$80,000 to $89,999	75	45	20	2,670	1,855	815
$90,000 to $99,999	35	30	10	2,375	1,635	735
$100,000 and over	80	65	20	8,655	7,290	1,370
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,305	...	...	41,285	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,232	...	...	85,148	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,637	...	...	73,542	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	630	...	...	10,310	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,224	...	...	40,329	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,120	...	...	35,924	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,680	...	...	30,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,641	...	...	103,667	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,176	...	...	88,728	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,305	...	...	41,350	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,899	...	...	107,641	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,443	...	...	88,465	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	630	...	...	10,285	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,084	...	...	53,249	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,542	...	...	44,125	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,675	...	...	31,070	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,750	...	...	125,647	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,694	...	...	103,143	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,305	...	...	41,285	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	595	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	325	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	565	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1,035	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...	2,050	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	1,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	1,485	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	1,510	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	1,405	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	1,445	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	230	...	...	2,720	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	2,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	190	...	...	2,460	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	180	...	...	2,245	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	150	...	...	2,210	...	...
$100,000 and over	505	...	...	17,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	250	...	...	4,740	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...	3,780	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...	4,630	...	...
$200,000 and over	50	...	...	4,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,305	...	...	41,285	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	640	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	340	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	1,070	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	2,185	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	1,405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	1,740	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...	1,725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	155	...	...	1,770	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	145	...	...	1,710	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	250	...	...	3,310	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	255	...	...	3,100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...	3,005	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...	2,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	125	...	...	2,495	...	...
$100,000 and over	275	...	...	13,435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	160	...	...	5,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	60	...	...	3,355	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...	5,060	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,625	...	...	29,945	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,787	...	...	102,598	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,330	...	...	87,871	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	665	...	...	12,675	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,432	...	...	90,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,155	...	...	78,366	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	730	...	...	12,700	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,877	...	...	131,117	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,360	...	...	109,234	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	3,835	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,347	...	...	57,216	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,696	...	...	52,775	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,625	...	...	30,020	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,051	...	...	125,144	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,818	...	...	102,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	665	...	...	12,730	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,749	...	...	115,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,580	...	...	95,202	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	735	...	...	12,750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,103	...	...	152,192	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,084	...	...	123,826	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	3,860	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,886	...	...	69,370	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,911	...	...	59,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	765	470	295	13,695	7,485	6,215
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,808	35,115	27,968	38,997	46,988	31,966
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,608	30,432	25,024	34,830	40,667	29,852
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	750	440	305	13,610	7,230	6,380
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,515	37,678	32,405	51,022	59,246	41,707
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,226	31,822	27,932	42,376	48,000	36,006
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,575	2,885	2,695	105,230	53,415	51,810
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,365	1,715	1,645	44,020	21,490	22,530
In the bottom decile	305	155	155	8,180	4,140	4,035
In the second decile	525	250	270	9,090	4,185	4,905
In the third decile	870	445	425	8,855	4,260	4,600
In the fourth decile	840	420	420	8,700	4,315	4,390
In the fifth decile	830	450	380	9,195	4,585	4,605
In the top half of the distribution	2,215	1,165	1,050	61,210	31,930	29,285
In the sixth decile	810	430	385	9,845	4,960	4,885
In the seventh decile	575	305	270	10,605	5,455	5,150
In the eighth decile	435	225	210	12,065	6,315	5,755
In the ninth decile	235	125	110	13,405	7,045	6,355
In the top decile	160	85	75	15,290	8,160	7,135
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,580	2,880	2,695	101,310	51,405	49,905
0 to 17 years	1,295	665	630	24,405	12,595	11,810
0 to 5 years	460	235	220	7,940	4,095	3,845
18 to 64 years	3,570	1,845	1,725	62,170	31,575	30,590
65 years and over	710	365	340	14,730	7,235	7,495
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	545	265	275	10,585	5,160	5,435
0 to 17 years	105	55	55	3,330	1,775	1,555
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	1,220	635	585
18 to 64 years	300	155	145	5,440	2,650	2,785
65 years and over	135	55	75	1,820	735	1,085
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.8	9.2	10.2	10.4	10.0	10.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.3	8.7	13.6	14.1	13.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	8.5	6.8	15.4	15.5	15.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.8	8.4	9.1
65 years and over (%)	19.0	15.1	22.1	12.4	10.2	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	170	90	85	4,260	2,180	2,085
0 to 17 years	30	10	15	1,390	720	670
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	545	290	260
18 to 64 years	125	70	55	2,640	1,340	1,290
65 years and over	15	5	10	235	120	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.1	3.2	4.2	4.2	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	1.5	2.4	5.7	5.7	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	2.2	2.1	2.3	6.9	7.1	6.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.8	3.2	4.2	4.2	4.2
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.4	2.9	1.6	1.7	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,580	2,885	2,700	105,505	53,560	51,950
Official languages	5,570	2,880	2,695	105,045	53,360	51,685
English	1,360	750	610	104,990	53,340	51,655
French	5,570	2,875	2,690	6,990	3,355	3,635
Non-official languages	140	75	65	15,150	7,480	7,670
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,415	1,185	1,230
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	2,385	1,180	1,210
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	2,385	1,175	1,205
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	135	50	85
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,240	1,120	1,115
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	70	70	12,735	6,290	6,445
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	375	225	155
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	365	220	145
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	330	200	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	10	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,890	765	1,125
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	115	40	85
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	60	25	35
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	55	55
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,780	710	1,070
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	45	25	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	35	40
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	15	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	70	60	9,385	4,730	4,650
Albanian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	3,940	1,900	2,035
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	3,935	1,895	2,040
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	280	130	155
Russian	0	0	0	315	130	180
Serbian	15	10	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,460	1,690	1,770
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	3,600	1,805	1,800
Afrikaans	0	0	0	210	100	110
Danish	0	0	0	50	25	30
Dutch	0	0	0	265	115	145
Frisian	0	0	0	20	15	10
German	10	10	10	2,990	1,515	1,475
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	40	20	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	325	175	150
Greek	0	10	0	90	40	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	870	505	365
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	815	465	355
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	130	85	40
Hindi	0	0	0	210	125	80
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	290	180	115
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	65	25	40
Urdu	0	0	0	330	180	150
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	65	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Pashto	0	0	0	40	20	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	60	50	1,095	600	490
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	50	15
Portuguese	10	0	0	40	10	30
Romanian	0	0	0	100	65	40
Spanish	100	60	40	900	495	405
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	40	25	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	220	110	105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	295	155	140
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	15	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	20	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	120	55	70
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	60	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	30	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	25	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	275	150	130
Chinese languages	0	0	0	275	140	130
Cantonese	0	0	0	100	50	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	45	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	75	45	30
Lao	0	0	0	60	35	20
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	100	65	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	55	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,575	2,885	2,695	105,510	53,560	51,950
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,530	2,855	2,680	101,720	51,755	49,960
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,315	685	625	25,465	13,360	12,110
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,220	2,165	2,055	76,255	38,400	37,850
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	45	25	15	3,790	1,805	1,985
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,580	2,880	2,695	105,510	53,565	51,945
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,495	2,845	2,660	97,100	49,520	47,580
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	80	40	35	7,485	3,585	3,900
Before 1981	30	15	15	1,825	885	940
1981 to 1990	10	0	10	560	260	305
1991 to 2000	20	10	10	755	370	380
2001 to 2010	15	10	0	2,140	1,030	1,110
2001 to 2005	0	10	0	755	400	350
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	1,385	630	755
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	0	10	2,205	1,045	1,160
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	920	455	465
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	80	45	40	7,485	3,585	3,900
Under 5 years	10	10	10	1,090	600	495
5 to 14 years	0	0	10	1,560	780	780
15 to 24 years	25	20	10	1,510	705	805
25 to 44 years	20	10	10	2,830	1,270	1,560
45 years and over	10	0	0	495	225	265
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	80	45	40	7,485	3,585	3,900
Americas	30	0	25	2,075	1,000	1,085
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	135	65	70
Mexico	0	0	10	1,020	505	515
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	35	10	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	555	240	315
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	270	155	110
Europe	45	35	10	2,040	985	1,055
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	15	15	0	30	15	20
Germany	0	0	0	305	150	155
Greece	0	0	0	40	30	10
Hungary	0	0	0	30	25	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Italy	0	0	0	15	20	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	205	115	90
Poland	0	0	0	200	85	115
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	10	60	40	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	10	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	145	55	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	710	325	390
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	190	95	90
Africa	0	0	0	685	375	310
Algeria	0	0	0	35	20	15
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kenya	0	0	0	30	20	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	145	65	80
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	200	100	100
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	225	130	100
Asia	0	0	0	2,625	1,205	1,415
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	115	50	65
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	60	30	25
India	0	0	0	310	155	155
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Lebanon	0	0	0	100	80	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	190	115	80
Philippines	0	0	0	1,485	590	900
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	55	20	35
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	160	100	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	10	2,200	1,045	1,160
Americas	10	0	10	380	180	200
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	95	40	45
Mexico	0	0	0	180	85	95
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	50	25	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	15	30
Europe	0	0	0	175	75	105
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	0	20
Africa	0	0	0	315	170	145
Algeria	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	120	55	60
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	80	25	50
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	55	40	15
Asia	0	0	0	1,330	615	715
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	155	70	90
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	20	30
Philippines	0	0	0	945	435	510
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	50	25	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,580	2,880	2,695	105,505	53,560	51,950
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	85	45	35	8,755	4,265	4,500
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	165	105	65	13,725	6,755	6,970
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,335	2,735	2,600	83,020	42,540	40,475
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	50	30	20	5,750	2,745	3,010
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	10	3,425	1,705	1,720
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	0	0	1,200	740	465
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	10	2,220	970	1,250
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	40	20	20	1,745	710	1,035
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	530	305	235
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,580	2,880	2,695	105,505	53,560	51,945
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	40	15	20	14,840	7,500	7,345
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	35	15	25	14,645	7,420	7,235
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	30	15	15	7,410	3,690	3,720
Métis	10	0	0	7,130	3,700	3,435
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	105	30	80
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	120	55	60
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	80	30	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,540	2,865	2,675	90,665	46,060	44,605
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,575	2,885	2,695	105,505	53,560	51,945
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	7,335	3,695	3,640
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,575	2,880	2,695	98,170	49,870	48,300
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,575	2,880	2,695	105,505	53,560	51,945
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	35	25	15	6,965	3,540	3,430
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	25	10	6,290	3,175	3,115
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	25	10	4,565	2,305	2,265
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	1,695	855	835
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	25	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	680	365	310
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	675	360	310
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	110	35	75	9,160	4,655	4,505
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	105	35	70	8,570	4,370	4,200
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	35	65	4,470	2,220	2,245
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	3,970	2,090	1,880
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	130	55	75
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	595	290	305
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	555	265	290
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,430	2,820	2,610	89,380	45,370	44,010
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,580	2,880	2,695	105,505	53,560	51,950
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	35	20	15	5,750	2,790	2,960
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,055	575	480
Chinese	0	0	0	340	180	160
Black	20	15	0	970	505	465
Filipino	0	0	0	2,005	845	1,155
Latin American	0	0	0	325	145	180
Arab	0	0	0	350	210	145
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	160	80	85
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	40	30	15
Korean	0	0	0	225	125	100
Japanese	0	0	0	60	25	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	40	25	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	175	50	130
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,540	2,860	2,680	99,760	50,770	48,990
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,575	2,885	2,695	105,505	53,560	51,950
North American Aboriginal origins	150	65	85	16,130	8,195	7,935
First Nations (North American Indian)	145	65	80	10,280	5,165	5,115
Inuit	0	0	0	200	90	110
Métis	10	10	10	6,915	3,585	3,330
Other North American origins	4,670	2,415	2,260	28,885	14,720	14,165
Acadian	0	0	0	125	55	80
American	30	15	15	1,640	840	800
Canadian	4,580	2,370	2,210	27,625	14,050	13,575
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	70	40	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	115	55	60	75	50	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	1,650	825	825	79,030	40,035	38,990
British Isles origins	270	100	165	42,720	21,115	21,605
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	55	25	30	25,180	12,440	12,740
Irish	200	80	125	16,465	8,000	8,465
Manx	0	0	0	30	10	20
Scottish	25	10	15	17,810	8,545	9,270
Welsh	0	0	0	1,620	805	810
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	10	1,450	680	775
French origins	1,275	685	590	16,910	8,235	8,680
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	10
French	1,270	690	585	16,900	8,220	8,675
Western European origins (except French origins)	140	70	65	25,815	13,015	12,800
Austrian	10	0	0	1,060	520	540
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	25	20	465	225	240
Dutch	10	0	0	4,070	2,085	1,985
Flemish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	10
German	15	10	10	21,420	10,810	10,610
Luxembourger	10	10	0	15	10	10
Swiss	70	30	40	570	325	240
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	9,315	4,505	4,805
Danish	0	0	0	1,405	655	750
Finnish	0	0	0	435	240	190
Icelandic	0	0	0	480	240	240
Norwegian	0	0	0	4,740	2,220	2,515
Swedish	0	0	0	2,710	1,370	1,340
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	365	220	140
Eastern European origins	25	10	20	29,775	15,445	14,335
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	435	235	200
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	425	190	235
Estonian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,140	600	540
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Polish	10	0	0	7,725	4,020	3,705
Romanian	0	0	10	1,355	685	675
Russian	10	0	10	2,365	1,160	1,205
Slovak	0	0	0	205	90	115
Ukrainian	0	0	0	22,910	11,920	10,990
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern European origins	110	40	70	2,335	1,225	1,115
Albanian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	130	80	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	0	20	165	80	85
Italian	45	15	30	1,100	565	530
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	85	50	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	120	65	55
Serbian	0	0	0	40	35	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Spanish	20	10	10	535	260	285
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	95	55	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins	25	10	15	450	230	220
Basque	10	10	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	95	55	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	10	330	170	165
Caribbean origins	30	10	20	330	140	190
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	40	25	20
Dominican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	220	95	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	20	10	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	10	10	1,115	520	600
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	30	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Chilean	0	0	0	115	50	60
Colombian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	20	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mexican	10	10	10	760	365	395
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	0	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	0	0	0	1,075	595	475
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	300	175	125
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	35	30	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	115	60	50
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	15	10
North African origins	0	0	0	120	80	40
Algerian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	35	20	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	385	220	160
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Burundian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	10	0
South African	0	0	0	155	90	65
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	60	25	40
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other African origins	10	0	0	300	140	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	60	15	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	255	130	120
Asian origins	10	10	10	4,675	2,225	2,450
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	500	285	215
Afghan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	55	40	20
Iraqi	0	0	0	40	20	20
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	255	150	110
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,050	545	500
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	10	695	360	335
Goan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	20	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	240	135	110
Punjabi	0	0	0	85	45	40
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	55	25	35
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	10	0	3,105	1,375	1,730
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0	585	280	305
Filipino	10	10	0	2,135	890	1,245
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	75	45	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	240	125	110
Laotian	0	0	0	80	50	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	140	70	70
Australian	0	0	0	90	40	45
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,305	...	...	41,355	...	...
Owner	1,760	...	...	32,820	...	...
Renter	550	...	...	7,695	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,310	...	...	41,350	...	...
Condominium	90	...	...	2,005	...	...
Not condominium	2,215	...	...	39,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,310	...	...	41,355	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	2,465	...	...
2 bedrooms	735	...	...	7,655	...	...
3 bedrooms	740	...	...	14,210	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	615	...	...	16,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,310	...	...	41,350	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	525	...	...	6,395	...	...
5 rooms	425	...	...	7,120	...	...
6 rooms	360	...	...	6,395	...	...
7 rooms	315	...	...	5,940	...	...
8 or more rooms	685	...	...	15,500	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,310	...	...	41,350	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,290	...	...	40,660	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,305	...	...	41,350	...	...
Suitable	2,285	...	...	39,870	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,310	...	...	41,350	...	...
1960 or before	545	...	...	6,675	...	...
1961 to 1980	695	...	...	13,390	...	...
1981 to 1990	335	...	...	6,145	...	...
1991 to 2000	280	...	...	4,925	...	...
2001 to 2005	155	...	...	3,045	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...	3,745	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	140	...	...	3,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,305	...	...	41,350	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,200	...	...	37,345	...	...
Major repairs needed	110	...	...	4,005	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,310	...	...	41,350	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,315	...	...	25,525	...	...
2 household maintainers	985	...	...	15,075	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,310	...	...	41,350	...	...
15 to 24 years	90	...	...	1,425	...	...
25 to 34 years	365	...	...	6,200	...	...
35 to 44 years	395	...	...	7,285	...	...
45 to 54 years	515	...	...	7,860	...	...
55 to 64 years	495	...	...	8,505	...	...
65 to 74 years	295	...	...	5,750	...	...
75 to 84 years	100	...	...	3,230	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,245	...	...	36,785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,935	...	...	30,180	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	310	...	...	6,605	...	...
30% to less than 100%	270	...	...	5,805	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	29,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	68.7	...	...	57.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	988	...	...	1,092	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	971	...	...	1,270	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	210,909	...	...	319,792	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	223,300	...	...	350,992	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	545	...	...	7,600	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.5	...	...	12.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.5	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	629	...	...	1,003	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	675	...	...	1,047	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,470	2,315	2,155	83,765	42,300	41,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,310	810	495	20,110	10,845	9,265
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,035	450	580	23,595	11,375	12,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,130	1,045	1,080	40,060	20,080	19,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,000	625	375	11,665	9,340	2,325
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	710	385	325	3,315	2,005	1,315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	290	240	50	8,350	7,335	1,015
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	655	240	410	17,045	6,345	10,700
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	15	85	2,145	700	1,440
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	370	165	205	9,205	3,700	5,510
Bachelor's degree	295	125	180	7,260	2,700	4,565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	545	225	325
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	300	205	95
Master's degree	40	30	15	975	485	490
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	115	80	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,105	1,605	1,500	55,890	28,265	27,620
No certificate, diploma or degree	705	470	240	9,015	5,120	3,900
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	680	295	380	15,805	7,585	8,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,715	835	880	31,070	15,565	15,510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	830	515	315	8,690	7,095	1,600
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	590	320	270	2,245	1,385	865
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	240	190	50	6,440	5,705	735
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	520	190	330	13,540	5,065	8,470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	10	65	1,455	540	915
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	295	120	170	7,385	2,855	4,525
Bachelor's degree	235	90	140	5,825	2,075	3,750
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	385	145	245
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	265	175	90
Master's degree	35	20	15	830	420	415
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	80	55	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,470	2,310	2,160	83,760	42,300	41,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,345	1,270	1,080	43,705	22,220	21,485
Education	145	25	120	3,640	940	2,705
13. Education	145	25	120	3,640	940	2,705
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	30	625	230	395
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	155	115	40
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	25	475	110	360
Humanities	70	25	45	975	425	550
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	55	0	55
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	155	50	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	15	35	275	80	195
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	50	30	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	330	200	125
54. History	0	0	0	100	65	40
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	30	125	2,255	465	1,785
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	80	15	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	160	60	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	90	895	30	865
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	310	55	260
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	20	0	15
42. Psychology	15	10	0	370	80	290
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	420	225	195
Business, management and public administration	400	90	310	6,835	1,600	5,235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	50	0	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	520	70	445
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	385	85	300	6,270	1,515	4,755
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	15	35	680	315	360
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	205	85	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	140	55	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	15	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	195	115	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	135	50	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	25	10	770	395	380
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	615	370	245
25. Library science	0	0	0	100	0	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	50	25	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	635	590	45	13,245	12,375	875
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	125	105	30
14. Engineering	30	30	0	850	705	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	105	90	15	2,035	1,735	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	190	190	0	3,495	3,350	135
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140	130	10	4,830	4,625	205
48. Precision production	165	155	10	1,925	1,855	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	105	55	2,065	1,305	765
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	85	55	1,350	855	495
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	720	450	265
Health and related fields	275	35	240	6,015	775	5,235
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	265	110	155
51. Health professions and related programs	265	30	240	5,675	620	5,055
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	45	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	95	75	2,945	1,255	1,690
12. Personal and culinary services	100	35	65	1,815	330	1,490
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	380	250	130
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	45	10	740	670	75
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,100	1,605	1,500	55,885	28,265	27,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,390	765	620	24,815	12,705	12,110
Education	110	20	85	2,540	565	1,970
13. Education	110	25	85	2,540	565	1,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	20	490	190	305
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	125	95	30
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	25	365	85	275
Humanities	40	10	25	755	320	435
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	45	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	130	35	95
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	15	235	65	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	15	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	10	230	155	80
54. History	0	0	0	75	45	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	20	100	1,895	390	1,505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	70	20	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	120	45	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	70	745	25	715
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	280	45	235
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	10	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	325	70	250
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	350	190	160
Business, management and public administration	340	75	265	5,395	1,235	4,155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	45	10	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	0	405	60	340
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	330	70	260	4,945	1,165	3,775
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	20	520	225	295
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	170	60	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	90	35	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	150	90	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	110	30	75
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	25	10	660	355	300
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	550	345	210
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	0	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	515	480	40	10,390	9,660	725
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	105	75	25
14. Engineering	25	25	0	715	575	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	80	15	1,610	1,365	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	140	140	0	2,740	2,645	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	115	10	3,715	3,550	165
48. Precision production	135	125	10	1,510	1,460	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	90	50	1,575	980	600
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	80	50	985	585	395
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	15	0	595	395	200
Health and related fields	210	20	190	4,590	640	3,955
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	210	85	120
51. Health professions and related programs	210	20	185	4,315	510	3,800
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	70	35	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	75	65	2,255	1,000	1,260
12. Personal and culinary services	80	25	60	1,330	240	1,095
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	295	195	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	40	10	630	565	65
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,470	2,315	2,155	83,760	42,300	41,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,345	1,265	1,075	43,700	22,220	21,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,125	1,050	1,075	40,055	20,080	19,980
Location of study inside Canada	2,115	1,035	1,075	36,945	18,695	18,245
Same as province or territory of residence	2,100	1,035	1,065	28,940	14,975	13,955
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	10	8,010	3,715	4,290
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	15	0	3,115	1,390	1,730
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	500	250	250
Philippines	0	0	0	955	320	635
India	0	0	0	240	120	120
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	235	110	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	40	20	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	15	15	0	1,145	570	575
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,105	1,605	1,500	55,890	28,265	27,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	765	620	24,815	12,705	12,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,715	840	880	31,070	15,560	15,505
Location of study inside Canada	1,705	830	875	28,440	14,430	14,010
Same as province or territory of residence	1,690	830	860	21,970	11,440	10,535
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	15	6,470	2,995	3,485
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	10	2,630	1,130	1,495
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	355	170	185
Philippines	0	0	0	890	300	590
India	0	0	0	215	95	115
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	160	75	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	15	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	10	10	10	975	480	500
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,470	2,315	2,160	83,760	42,300	41,460
In the labour force	3,155	1,705	1,455	58,100	31,870	26,230
Employed	3,010	1,640	1,370	52,130	27,935	24,195
Unemployed	145	60	85	5,970	3,930	2,030
Not in the labour force	1,315	610	705	25,660	10,435	15,235
Participation rate	70.6	73.7	67.4	69.4	75.3	63.3
Employment rate	67.3	70.8	63.4	62.2	66.0	58.4
Unemployment rate	4.6	3.5	5.8	10.3	12.3	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,475	2,315	2,160	83,760	42,300	41,460
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,085	505	580	22,250	8,690	13,560
Worked	3,385	1,810	1,575	61,515	33,615	27,900
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,840	1,045	790	29,630	17,700	11,925
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,550	760	785	31,885	15,915	15,975
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.1	44.5	43.6	41.8	42.3	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,155	1,705	1,450	58,100	31,865	26,230
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	10	915	475	440
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,140	1,695	1,440	57,185	31,395	25,790
Employee	2,715	1,440	1,270	46,810	24,485	22,330
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	425	250	170	10,375	6,915	3,460
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,155	1,700	1,455	58,095	31,870	26,230
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	10	910	470	440
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,135	1,695	1,440	57,190	31,400	25,790
0 Management occupations	355	265	95	8,115	5,440	2,675
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	425	105	315	7,905	1,505	6,400
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	120	75	45	2,200	1,570	630
3 Health occupations	205	15	180	3,295	405	2,890
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	260	55	210	5,075	1,295	3,780
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	20	35	840	250	590
6 Sales and service occupations	580	220	370	10,445	3,725	6,720
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	670	655	15	12,805	11,825	980
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	85	55	30	4,085	3,290	795
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	380	225	150	2,415	2,095	320
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,155	1,700	1,450	58,100	31,870	26,230
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	15	910	470	440
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,135	1,700	1,440	57,185	31,395	25,785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	200	135	70	5,800	4,000	1,795
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	6,690	5,560	1,135
22 Utilities	25	25	0	485	395	90
23 Construction	235	220	20	5,820	4,920	900
31-33 Manufacturing	770	520	250	2,395	1,790	610
41 Wholesale trade	160	110	50	1,580	1,150	435
44-45 Retail trade	365	150	210	6,095	2,705	3,390
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	110	85	25	2,660	1,945	710
51 Information and cultural industries	20	10	10	425	215	205
52 Finance and insurance	75	15	55	1,375	290	1,085
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	815	375	440
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	90	40	45	2,400	1,140	1,260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	55	40	1,705	935	770
61 Educational services	135	40	95	4,150	1,050	3,105
62 Health care and social assistance	400	55	345	5,875	680	5,200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	35	10	615	295	320
72 Accommodation and food services	140	30	105	2,660	920	1,735
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	110	90	2,845	1,625	1,215
91 Public administration	75	45	20	2,780	1,405	1,370
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,015	1,645	1,370	52,130	27,935	24,195
Worked at home	215	105	110	6,700	3,700	3,000
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	50	35	20
No fixed workplace address	285	250	35	8,560	6,970	1,590
Worked at usual place	2,510	1,280	1,225	36,825	17,230	19,590
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,505	1,280	1,225	36,820	17,230	19,590
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	740	380	360	16,960	7,350	9,610
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,030	500	525	12,760	5,775	6,990
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	735	400	335	4,540	2,815	1,725
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	2,560	1,285	1,270
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,795	1,535	1,260	45,385	24,205	21,180
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,465	1,345	1,120	39,190	21,060	18,130
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	100	30	70	2,490	1,245	1,245
Public transit	15	10	10	460	340	120
Walked	155	105	50	2,370	1,020	1,350
Bicycle	45	35	15	275	180	95
Other method	20	15	10	595	360	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,795	1,530	1,260	45,385	24,205	21,180
Less than 15 minutes	815	435	380	21,665	10,020	11,650
15 to 29 minutes	1,220	605	615	11,040	5,565	5,475
30 to 44 minutes	430	260	170	5,860	3,540	2,325
45 to 59 minutes	175	110	70	2,655	1,785	870
60 minutes and over	155	125	25	4,155	3,300	855
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,795	1,530	1,260	45,385	24,200	21,180
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	220	160	60	3,910	3,055	850
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	685	435	255	8,895	6,150	2,755
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	975	455	515	14,485	7,840	6,645
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	325	125	200	9,160	3,115	6,045
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	120	50	75	3,385	1,160	2,225
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	465	310	155	5,545	2,880	2,670
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,435	1,830	1,610	63,320	34,385	28,930
Single responses	3,375	1,780	1,590	63,040	34,220	28,815
Official languages	3,375	1,780	1,595	62,855	34,085	28,775
English	45	30	10	62,605	34,015	28,590
French	3,330	1,750	1,580	250	65	185
Non-official languages	10	0	0	180	140	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	145	120	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	130	110	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	115	100	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	85	70	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	25	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	45	15	275	165	110
English and French	60	45	15	105	55	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	170	115	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,435	1,830	1,605	63,315	34,385	28,930
None	2,975	1,585	1,385	61,150	33,355	27,795
English	410	205	205	325	150	170
French	30	20	15	805	340	460
Non-official language	15	10	10	1,025	545	485
Aboriginal	0	0	0	400	180	225
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	10	625	365	260
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,505	2,855	2,650	104,095	52,790	51,310
Non-movers	4,945	2,575	2,365	91,220	46,450	44,770
Movers	570	280	285	12,875	6,340	6,540
Non-migrants	235	105	130	6,560	3,220	3,340
Migrants	335	175	150	6,315	3,120	3,200
Internal migrants	335	175	155	5,715	2,860	2,860
Intraprovincial migrants	330	175	155	4,750	2,375	2,375
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	965	480	485
External migrants	0	0	0	600	265	340
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,215	2,695	2,520	98,475	49,960	48,515
Non-movers	3,665	1,895	1,770	63,005	32,295	30,710
Movers	1,550	800	750	35,470	17,670	17,805
Non-migrants	695	355	345	15,710	7,810	7,905
Migrants	855	450	405	19,760	9,860	9,900
Internal migrants	850	450	400	17,355	8,680	8,675
Intraprovincial migrants	845	450	400	12,080	6,100	5,985
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	5,270	2,580	2,690
External migrants	10	0	0	2,405	1,180	1,225

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Pie, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Lakeland [Federal electoral district], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Pie, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Lakeland [Federal electoral district], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Pie, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Lakeland [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Pie, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Lakeland [Federal electoral district], Alberta