Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Québec [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Québec Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Québec [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,531	...	...	97,143	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,618	...	...	96,525	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.9	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,959	...	...	57,750	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	96.1	...	...	2,810.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	47.15	...	...	34.56	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,530	2,285	2,245	97,145	46,885	50,260
0 to 14 years	785	415	370	9,850	4,945	4,905
0 to 4 years	210	100	110	3,705	1,860	1,840
5 to 9 years	290	160	125	3,375	1,685	1,690
10 to 14 years	280	150	135	2,775	1,400	1,375
15 to 64 years	2,960	1,465	1,485	64,110	32,595	31,510
15 to 19 years	210	95	120	3,145	1,565	1,580
20 to 24 years	245	130	110	6,745	3,220	3,530
25 to 29 years	225	120	105	9,270	4,595	4,680
30 to 34 years	235	110	120	7,715	4,105	3,610
35 to 39 years	345	160	185	6,665	3,600	3,070
40 to 44 years	290	155	130	4,935	2,610	2,325
45 to 49 years	275	130	150	4,835	2,540	2,295
50 to 54 years	380	185	200	6,160	3,235	2,930
55 to 59 years	430	230	200	7,225	3,575	3,655
60 to 64 years	325	160	165	7,405	3,555	3,850
65 years and over	785	405	385	23,190	9,345	13,845
65 to 69 years	295	150	145	6,760	3,230	3,530
70 to 74 years	240	120	115	5,180	2,270	2,910
75 to 79 years	145	70	75	3,830	1,555	2,275
80 to 84 years	80	45	35	3,210	1,150	2,065
85 years and over	30	15	15	4,210	1,145	3,075
85 to 89 years	25	10	10	2,460	740	1,720
90 to 94 years	10	5	0	1,315	330	990
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	380	60	315
100 years and over	0	0	0	60	10	50
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	18.2	16.5	10.1	10.5	9.8
15 to 64 years	65.3	64.1	66.1	66.0	69.5	62.7
65 years and over	17.3	17.7	17.1	23.9	19.9	27.5
85 years and over	0.7	0.7	0.7	4.3	2.4	6.1
Average age of the population	41.9	41.8	42.0	45.7	43.9	47.5
Median age of the population	43.7	43.4	44.1	45.3	42.6	48.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
Single-detached house	1,470	...	...	4,345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	8,710	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	440	...	...	39,930	...	...
Semi-detached house	100	...	...	1,715	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	1,175	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	135	...	...	3,710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	190	...	...	32,750	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	585	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
1 person	520	...	...	27,640	...	...
2 persons	700	...	...	16,855	...	...
3 persons	295	...	...	4,585	...	...
4 persons	280	...	...	2,820	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...	1,095	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,515	...	...	92,365	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	1.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,745	1,875	1,875	87,290	41,935	45,355
Married or living common law	2,395	1,190	1,200	38,800	19,555	19,240
Married	1,295	645	645	19,115	9,565	9,545
Living common law	1,100	545	555	19,685	9,990	9,690
Not married and not living common law	1,350	680	670	48,495	22,385	26,110
Never married	925	490	430	33,165	17,715	15,445
Separated	40	20	15	1,325	600	720
Divorced	245	120	125	7,465	2,790	4,675
Widowed	140	50	95	6,545	1,275	5,270
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,390	...	...	22,435	...	...
2 persons	755	...	...	15,005	...	...
3 persons	280	...	...	3,890	...	...
4 persons	260	...	...	2,620	...	...
5 or more persons	90	...	...	920	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,385	...	...	22,435	...	...
Total couple families	1,190	...	...	18,615	...	...
Married couples	640	...	...	8,785	...	...
Common-law couples	550	...	...	9,830	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	195	...	...	3,815	...	...
Female parent	130	...	...	2,890	...	...
Male parent	70	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	18,615	...	...
Couples without children	630	...	...	12,420	...	...
Couples with children	560	...	...	6,200	...	...
1 child	215	...	...	2,915	...	...
2 children	255	...	...	2,430	...	...
3 or more children	90	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	3,815	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	2,590	...	...
2 children	60	...	...	975	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	645	340	305	35,260	17,045	18,215
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
One-census-family households	1,330	...	...	22,205	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	605	...	...	12,320	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	725	...	...	9,885	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	25	...	...	115	...	...
Non-census-family households	550	...	...	30,685	...	...
One-person households	525	...	...	27,645	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	3,040	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,520	2,275	2,235	93,970	45,780	48,190
English only	15	10	10	430	240	185
French only	2,635	1,250	1,385	49,385	21,910	27,475
English and French	1,870	1,020	845	43,675	23,425	20,250
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	480	200	280
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,515	2,280	2,240	93,970	45,780	48,190
English	120	60	55	2,255	1,165	1,095
French	4,370	2,210	2,165	90,010	43,730	46,280
English and French	25	10	15	1,235	690	545
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	465	195	275
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	135	70	65	2,875	1,510	1,365
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.1	3.3	2.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,515	2,280	2,235	93,970	45,780	48,190
Single responses	4,475	2,260	2,210	92,655	45,100	47,560
Official languages	4,415	2,235	2,180	86,535	42,090	44,445
English	120	65	60	1,820	945	880
French	4,295	2,170	2,120	84,710	41,145	43,565
Non-official languages	60	25	35	6,120	3,010	3,110
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	25	35	6,070	2,990	3,075
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	920	530	390
Berber languages	5	0	5	115	65	50
Kabyle	0	0	0	50	35	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	785	455	325
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	770	450	320
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	310	145	165
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	105	50	55
Vietnamese	0	0	0	210	95	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	35	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	3,510	1,690	1,820
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	440	190	250
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	440	185	250
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	60	20	40
Russian	5	0	0	125	50	75
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	160	80	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	105	55	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	680	335	345
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	460	235	225
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	20	15	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	400	205	200
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	140	70	70
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	130	60	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	30	55
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	2,195	1,065	1,130
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	5	10	0	145	90	60
Portuguese	5	0	0	285	140	145
Romanian	0	0	0	145	60	80
Spanish	20	10	10	1,610	770	840
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	5	50	15	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	655	320	335
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	15	10	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	45	15	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	140	60	80
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	60	20	40
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	165	80	80
Wolof	0	0	0	45	25	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	80	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	295	140	155
Chinese languages	5	0	0	255	120	140
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	185	80	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Lao	0	0	0	35	25	15
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Multiple responses	45	20	25	1,315	685	635
English and French	30	10	15	570	310	265
English and non-official language	0	0	0	75	30	45
French and non-official language	10	5	5	600	305	300
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	40	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,515	2,280	2,235	93,970	45,780	48,190
Single responses	4,465	2,255	2,210	91,925	44,780	47,140
Official languages	4,445	2,240	2,205	88,690	43,230	45,460
English	105	55	50	1,560	815	740
French	4,340	2,190	2,150	87,135	42,415	44,720
Non-official languages	20	10	10	3,230	1,545	1,680
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	5	3,205	1,540	1,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	315	170	150
Berber languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	265	140	120
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	255	140	115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	65	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	50	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	2,165	1,035	1,125
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	225	105	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	220	95	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	30	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	575	280	300
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	415	205	205
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	395	200	195
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	25	45
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	5	1,315	630	680
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	180	95	90
Romanian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Spanish	10	5	5	1,025	485	540
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	190	90	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	65	25	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	40	25	20
Wolof	0	0	0	15	5	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	220	105	115
Chinese languages	0	0	0	190	90	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	145	75	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	20	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	55	25	25	2,045	1,000	1,050
English and French	30	10	15	620	335	285
English and non-official language	0	0	0	70	30	40
French and non-official language	20	10	10	1,195	545	650
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	160	85	75
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,515	2,280	2,235	93,970	45,785	48,185
None	4,190	2,120	2,065	84,525	40,805	43,715
English	220	110	105	4,700	2,605	2,100
French	70	35	35	2,150	1,055	1,090
Non-official language	30	5	20	2,155	1,095	1,065
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	5	15
Non-Aboriginal	30	5	25	2,135	1,085	1,050
English and French	5	5	5	115	60	50
English and non-official language	5	5	5	245	120	130
French and non-official language	0	0	0	70	35	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,730	1,865	1,865	82,535	40,200	42,340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,630	1,820	1,805	81,210	39,595	41,620
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,834	42,784	30,677	32,812	35,259	30,567
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,630	1,820	1,810	81,225	39,595	41,635
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,186	36,512	27,886	29,320	31,031	27,692
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,370	1,740	1,630	72,215	35,470	36,745
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,178	39,003	27,915	30,299	33,842	26,890
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,675	1,265	1,410	65,470	30,800	34,665
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,496	7,104	7,784	6,849	4,834	8,189
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,755	1,445	1,310	56,575	29,345	27,235
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,532	39,872	30,072	30,074	31,973	28,069
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,585	40,170	42,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,620	1,805	1,820	81,240	39,540	41,695
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,191	50,854	37,583	40,832	44,289	37,555
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,625	1,805	1,820	81,240	39,540	41,695
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,303	41,006	31,649	33,911	36,244	31,699
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,370	1,745	1,625	72,440	35,565	36,875
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,638	46,594	34,234	38,536	43,069	34,164
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,650	1,270	1,385	65,525	30,735	34,785
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,680	8,122	9,191	8,023	7,141	8,803
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,750	1,470	1,285	56,615	29,335	27,280
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,930	43,431	35,933	37,283	39,946	34,420
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,590	40,170	42,415
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,290	680	610	24,705	13,385	11,325
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,672	53,728	41,443	44,350	47,079	42,224
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,596	56,742	43,753	52,212	55,382	48,465
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	88.5	81.6	84.2	87.6	80.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.7	71.0	68.3	63.6	66.6	60.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.5	11.6	18.6	15.8	12.4	19.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,730	1,870	1,865	82,535	40,195	42,340
Without total income	100	45	55	1,325	605	720
With total income	3,630	1,820	1,805	81,215	39,595	41,620
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.3	96.8	98.4	98.5	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	335	145	195	8,080	3,965	4,110
$10,000 to $19,999	560	190	370	16,195	7,095	9,095
$20,000 to $29,999	570	255	315	13,000	5,760	7,245
$30,000 to $39,999	505	250	255	11,735	5,570	6,165
$40,000 to $49,999	485	245	245	9,915	4,765	5,150
$50,000 to $59,999	335	190	150	7,150	3,690	3,455
$60,000 to $69,999	265	170	90	4,660	2,550	2,105
$70,000 to $79,999	215	135	80	3,425	1,905	1,525
$80,000 to $89,999	110	75	40	2,075	1,155	920
$90,000 to $99,999	75	50	25	1,255	795	465
$100,000 and over	170	125	45	3,720	2,345	1,380
$100,000 to $149,999	120	90	35	2,490	1,520	970
$150,000 and over	50	40	10	1,230	820	410
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,730	1,865	1,865	82,540	40,195	42,340
Without after-tax income	100	45	55	1,310	600	710
With after-tax income	3,630	1,825	1,810	81,230	39,595	41,635
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.9	97.1	98.4	98.5	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	365	145	215	8,530	4,055	4,475
$10,000 to $19,999	585	205	380	16,895	7,490	9,405
$20,000 to $29,999	705	305	400	16,275	7,455	8,820
$30,000 to $39,999	700	370	325	14,850	7,090	7,760
$40,000 to $49,999	495	280	215	10,310	5,220	5,095
$50,000 to $59,999	355	220	130	6,110	3,375	2,740
$60,000 to $69,999	195	115	80	3,375	1,840	1,540
$70,000 to $79,999	100	70	35	1,685	1,030	655
$80,000 and over	140	105	35	3,185	2,035	1,155
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	15	1,000	610	395
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	10	600	375	225
$100,000 and over	60	45	15	1,590	1,050	535
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,730	1,870	1,865	82,535	40,195	42,340
Without employment income	980	420	555	25,960	10,855	15,105
With employment income	2,755	1,445	1,310	56,575	29,345	27,235
Percentage with employment income	73.9	77.3	70.2	68.5	73.0	64.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	320	185	135	7,180	3,805	3,375
$5,000 to $9,999	170	85	85	4,470	1,990	2,480
$10,000 to $19,999	390	150	240	8,830	4,245	4,580
$20,000 to $29,999	340	145	195	7,750	3,835	3,920
$30,000 to $39,999	365	155	205	7,460	3,825	3,635
$40,000 to $49,999	335	175	160	6,150	3,095	3,050
$50,000 to $59,999	230	135	95	4,375	2,390	1,990
$60,000 to $69,999	180	110	75	3,105	1,750	1,360
$70,000 to $79,999	175	115	60	2,480	1,420	1,060
$80,000 and over	245	180	65	4,775	2,990	1,785
$80,000 to $89,999	75	55	20	1,405	830	575
$90,000 to $99,999	50	40	10	855	570	285
$100,000 and over	125	95	35	2,510	1,590	920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,559	...	...	47,907	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,200	...	...	42,044	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	520	...	...	27,645	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,587	...	...	32,149	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,584	...	...	28,893	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,385	...	...	25,355	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,621	...	...	72,811	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,894	...	...	63,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,782	...	...	62,573	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,909	...	...	51,967	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	515	...	...	27,670	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,235	...	...	39,578	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,566	...	...	33,053	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,395	...	...	25,340	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,553	...	...	87,684	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,639	...	...	72,621	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	725	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	1,200	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	3,115	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	3,830	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	3,405	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	2,915	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	3,180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	3,280	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	3,160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	105	...	...	2,810	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	4,905	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	140	...	...	4,005	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...	3,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	2,550	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	2,030	...	...
$100,000 and over	560	...	...	8,545	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	220	...	...	3,600	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	1,950	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	125	...	...	1,730	...	...
$200,000 and over	65	...	...	1,260	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,910	...	...	53,000	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	775	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	1,215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	3,140	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	4,015	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	3,935	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	3,735	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	4,140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	4,010	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	3,655	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	110	...	...	3,110	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	180	...	...	5,215	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	4,025	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	160	...	...	3,000	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...	2,300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	1,800	...	...
$100,000 and over	345	...	...	4,925	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	180	...	...	2,500	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	90	...	...	1,110	...	...
$150,000 and over	70	...	...	1,315	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,375	...	...	22,850	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,173	...	...	74,695	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,304	...	...	64,691	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	590	...	...	12,215	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,896	...	...	73,689	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,024	...	...	63,193	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	565	...	...	6,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,531	...	...	98,923	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	84,261	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	185	...	...	3,755	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,472	...	...	50,317	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,664	...	...	45,859	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,385	...	...	22,785	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,623	...	...	90,071	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,848	...	...	74,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	585	...	...	12,205	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,514	...	...	87,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,120	...	...	71,483	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	6,245	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,851	...	...	114,910	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,056	...	...	93,908	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...	3,695	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,107	...	...	61,022	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,673	...	...	52,324	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	585	315	275	33,770	16,415	17,355
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,541	38,080	30,976	29,945	29,895	29,986
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,296	33,408	27,861	27,259	26,957	27,480
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	570	255	310	33,860	16,420	17,435
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,694	46,189	36,156	37,365	38,034	36,735
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,122	37,657	31,203	31,477	31,670	31,295
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,515	2,275	2,240	92,365	45,130	47,240
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,310	1,140	1,170	58,340	28,020	30,325
In the bottom decile	220	110	110	12,290	6,330	5,960
In the second decile	395	190	205	12,360	5,620	6,740
In the third decile	470	220	245	11,635	5,530	6,105
In the fourth decile	625	310	320	11,785	5,605	6,180
In the fifth decile	605	320	290	10,280	4,930	5,350
In the top half of the distribution	2,205	1,135	1,065	34,025	17,110	16,915
In the sixth decile	580	300	280	9,140	4,505	4,635
In the seventh decile	580	295	285	8,105	4,075	4,030
In the eighth decile	480	250	225	6,985	3,490	3,495
In the ninth decile	355	180	175	5,170	2,640	2,530
In the top decile	210	110	100	4,620	2,400	2,220
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,515	2,280	2,235	92,370	45,130	47,240
0 to 17 years	920	470	445	11,525	5,785	5,740
0 to 5 years	260	130	135	4,410	2,230	2,180
18 to 64 years	2,815	1,405	1,410	61,550	31,150	30,400
65 years and over	785	405	385	19,285	8,190	11,095
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	415	190	220	17,935	8,635	9,305
0 to 17 years	95	45	50	2,110	1,035	1,075
0 to 5 years	20	10	15	730	350	380
18 to 64 years	225	105	115	11,765	6,155	5,615
65 years and over	95	40	50	4,060	1,450	2,610
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.2	8.3	9.8	19.4	19.1	19.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.3	9.6	11.2	18.3	17.9	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.7	7.7	11.1	16.6	15.7	17.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.5	8.2	19.1	19.8	18.5
65 years and over (%)	12.1	9.9	13.0	21.1	17.7	23.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	195	100	100	15,750	7,860	7,885
0 to 17 years	50	25	30	1,525	735	790
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	535	245	290
18 to 64 years	120	65	55	11,210	6,010	5,200
65 years and over	20	5	15	3,020	1,120	1,900
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	4.4	4.5	17.1	17.4	16.7
0 to 17 years (%)	5.4	5.3	6.7	13.2	12.7	13.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.8	3.8	7.4	12.1	11.0	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.6	3.9	18.2	19.3	17.1
65 years and over (%)	2.5	1.2	3.9	15.7	13.7	17.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,515	2,280	2,235	92,365	45,120	47,245
Official languages	4,515	2,280	2,240	91,870	44,930	46,940
English	1,840	1,020	820	43,705	23,360	20,345
French	4,500	2,270	2,230	91,475	44,725	46,745
Non-official languages	215	90	125	13,835	6,335	7,500
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	215	95	125	13,775	6,315	7,460
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	1,365	730	630
Berber languages	10	0	0	125	80	50
Kabyle	0	0	0	45	30	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	80	45	35
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	1,275	690	580
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arabic	15	10	0	1,235	660	570
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	35	30	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	405	195	210
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	145	70	75
Vietnamese	0	0	0	270	130	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	10	25
Malay	0	0	0	15	15	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	175	75	100
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	160	70	90
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	185	80	105	10,005	4,425	5,580
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	605	290	320
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	605	290	315
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	105	40	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Croatian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	65	25	40
Russian	0	0	0	260	135	125
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	20	1,065	540	520
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	0	0	0	65	35	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	20	915	480	440
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	40	10	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	10	0	0	85	35	50
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	845	400	445
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	475	245	235
Bengali	0	0	0	35	25	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	95	55	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	365	175	195
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	205	95	110
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	180	85	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	70	120
Italic (Romance) languages	160	75	90	7,835	3,365	4,465
Catalan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Italian	20	15	10	785	340	445
Portuguese	10	0	0	590	295	300
Romanian	0	0	0	205	90	115
Spanish	135	55	75	6,695	2,845	3,850
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	135	80	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	1,165	600	560
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	50	35	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	130	55	75
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	220	120	100
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	120	55	60
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	380	200	185
Wolof	0	0	0	165	95	75
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	250	130	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	100	35	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	75	25	50
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	495	230	260
Chinese languages	0	0	0	400	195	205
Cantonese	0	0	0	95	60	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	280	130	145
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Burmese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Karenic languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	85	45	45
Lao	0	0	0	35	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	60	35	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,515	2,280	2,235	92,360	45,120	47,245
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,475	2,260	2,215	86,800	42,500	44,300
Canadian citizens aged under 18	915	485	435	10,700	5,460	5,235
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,560	1,780	1,785	76,110	37,045	39,065
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	40	20	20	5,560	2,615	2,945
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,515	2,280	2,235	92,365	45,120	47,245
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,335	2,195	2,140	81,960	40,010	41,950
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	180	85	90	8,565	4,270	4,295
Before 1981	80	50	30	1,020	545	475
1981 to 1990	25	10	15	675	345	330
1991 to 2000	15	0	15	1,195	525	670
2001 to 2010	50	10	40	2,950	1,505	1,450
2001 to 2005	40	0	35	1,140	645	495
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	1,815	860	955
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	2,720	1,350	1,370
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,835	840	995
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	175	80	95	8,565	4,270	4,295
Under 5 years	25	10	15	950	430	515
5 to 14 years	50	20	25	1,125	545	580
15 to 24 years	50	25	25	1,460	725	735
25 to 44 years	55	35	25	4,585	2,325	2,260
45 years and over	0	0	0	445	245	205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	85	90	8,565	4,270	4,295
Americas	20	0	15	1,830	830	995
Brazil	0	0	0	190	85	105
Colombia	0	0	0	495	235	260
El Salvador	0	0	0	85	45	45
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	180	60	120
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	10	0	0	180	80	100
Peru	0	0	0	50	30	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	225	100	130
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	405	205	205
Europe	115	65	45	3,000	1,610	1,390
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	130	60	70
Croatia	0	0	0	15	0	10
France	55	35	25	1,935	1,065	870
Germany	0	0	0	90	45	40
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	10	0	115	65	50
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	0
Poland	0	0	10	35	0	35
Portugal	0	0	0	30	10	20
Romania	0	0	0	130	65	70
Russian Federation	0	0	0	55	30	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	65	50	15
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	15	325	165	160
Africa	30	20	10	2,305	1,235	1,070
Algeria	15	10	0	310	150	155
Egypt	10	10	0	30	15	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	15	0	15
Morocco	10	10	10	275	165	115
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	1,635	890	750
Asia	15	0	20	1,425	590	835
Afghanistan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	80	30	45
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	20	230	80	155
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	115	45	70
Iraq	0	0	0	35	15	20
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	25	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	145	60	85
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	665	285	380
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	2,720	1,350	1,375
Americas	0	0	0	510	235	280
Brazil	0	0	0	120	45	70
Colombia	0	0	0	145	65	80
Cuba	0	0	0	70	50	25
Haiti	0	0	0	25	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	45	20	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	10	30
Europe	0	0	0	855	470	385
France	0	0	0	735	410	325
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	70	30	40
Africa	10	10	0	945	460	490
Algeria	10	10	0	100	30	70
Cameroon	0	0	0	40	20	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	160	80	85
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	50	25	30
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	75	45	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	135	80	55
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	370	175	195
Asia	0	0	0	405	180	220
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	105	55	50
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	130	55	70
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,515	2,280	2,240	92,360	45,120	47,245
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	190	90	100	10,960	5,370	5,590
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	220	130	90	5,360	2,705	2,655
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,105	2,060	2,045	76,045	37,045	38,995
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	110	40	70	7,645	3,765	3,880
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	50	30	25	3,875	2,110	1,770
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	20	10	10	2,335	1,460	875
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	35	20	15	1,540	650	890
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	35	15	30	1,560	630	930
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	0	20	2,175	1,010	1,170
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,515	2,280	2,240	92,365	45,120	47,245
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	35	15	20	1,175	525	660
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30	10	15	1,080	485	595
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	25	10	15	520	220	300
Métis	0	0	0	535	260	280
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	40	10	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,485	2,265	2,215	91,180	44,595	46,585
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,515	2,280	2,235	92,360	45,120	47,245
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	15	380	175	205
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,495	2,270	2,225	91,980	44,950	47,035
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,515	2,280	2,240	92,365	45,115	47,245
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	30	20	10	585	245	335
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	30	25	10	555	240	315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	25	10	445	200	250
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	105	45	60
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	105	35	65	2,855	1,290	1,560
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	95	40	60	2,820	1,285	1,535
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	35	50	2,475	1,130	1,345
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	320	140	180
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	10	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,380	2,220	2,165	88,920	43,580	45,345
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,520	2,275	2,240	92,360	45,120	47,245
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	60	15	45	7,540	3,685	3,855
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	580	295	285
Chinese	25	0	25	495	195	300
Black	0	0	0	2,545	1,325	1,220
Filipino	0	0	0	65	30	40
Latin American	10	0	10	1,350	600	750
Arab	10	0	10	1,225	680	540
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	760	330	435
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	195	85	115
Korean	0	0	0	25	20	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	195	95	100
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,455	2,265	2,195	84,820	41,430	43,390
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,515	2,280	2,240	92,365	45,120	47,245
North American Aboriginal origins	130	60	70	3,440	1,540	1,900
First Nations (North American Indian)	120	55	65	2,985	1,340	1,645
Inuit	0	0	0	40	20	25
Métis	15	10	10	480	195	285
Other North American origins	3,565	1,800	1,770	59,555	28,740	30,810
Acadian	15	10	10	605	305	300
American	15	0	10	450	190	265
Canadian	3,405	1,730	1,675	56,725	27,310	29,420
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	20	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Québécois	175	75	100	2,870	1,425	1,445
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,535	770	770	39,615	19,840	19,780
British Isles origins	380	185	195	8,780	4,125	4,655
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	20	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	150	75	75	2,040	960	1,085
Irish	210	110	105	5,700	2,675	3,025
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	60	30	35	2,335	1,095	1,235
Welsh	0	0	0	100	45	60
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	10	205	110	95
French origins	1,095	550	545	31,940	16,155	15,780
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Breton	15	10	0	235	125	110
Corsican	0	0	0	40	0	35
French	1,090	540	545	31,725	16,045	15,680
Western European origins (except French origins)	105	55	50	2,965	1,420	1,550
Austrian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	30	20	685	335	350
Dutch	0	0	0	245	105	145
Flemish	0	0	0	35	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	20	1,805	875	935
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	15	0
Swiss	15	0	10	345	150	195
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	25	0	15	240	105	130
Danish	0	0	0	50	25	30
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	15	55	20	35
Swedish	0	0	10	60	25	40
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Eastern European origins	45	20	25	1,305	670	640
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	35	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	60	40	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	130	60	70
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	40	15	25
Polish	30	20	20	430	205	220
Romanian	0	0	0	250	110	140
Russian	0	0	0	280	165	115
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	180	95	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	165	80	85	3,090	1,465	1,620
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	70	90
Catalan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Croatian	0	0	0	75	30	40
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	205	90	115
Italian	100	50	50	1,565	715	850
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	0	395	190	205
Serbian	0	0	0	95	60	35
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	15	10	10	845	415	430
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	35	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	185	120	65
Basque	0	0	0	90	55	30
Jewish	0	0	0	45	30	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	10	0	45	30	15
Caribbean origins	0	10	0	510	245	265
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	110	70	35
Dominican	0	0	0	30	0	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian	10	0	0	310	130	180
Jamaican	0	0	0	25	20	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	0	15	1,835	870	970
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	75	40	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	15	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	160	90	70
Chilean	10	0	10	185	85	95
Colombian	0	0	0	645	310	340
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	20	10	10	355	155	195
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	125	70	50
Salvadorean	0	0	0	120	55	65
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	75	35	40
African origins	45	20	20	3,570	1,885	1,680
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	1,420	770	650
Akan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	90	60	30
Burkinabe	0	0	0	55	50	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	160	85	75
Chadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	480	255	230
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Guinean	0	0	0	55	35	20
Ibo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Liberian	0	0	0	30	0	30
Malian	0	0	0	70	55	25
Malinké	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	50	20	30
Senegalese	0	0	0	215	120	90
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	35	15	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	110	50	60
North African origins	40	20	20	1,360	725	640
Algerian	20	10	10	375	195	185
Berber	15	10	0	250	130	115
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	120	40	75
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	35	20	10
Moroccan	10	0	0	295	175	120
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	355	185	170
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	515	265	250
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	235	135	95
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	40	10	30
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	170	80	90
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	40	10	30
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other African origins	0	0	0	335	170	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	335	170	165
Asian origins	20	0	20	3,245	1,565	1,680
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,060	550	510
Afghan	0	0	0	50	30	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	395	215	180
Armenian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	150	65	85
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	230	125	105
Palestinian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	60	30	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	550	285	265
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	100	40	65
East Indian	0	0	0	205	120	80
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	225	110	115
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	15	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	0	25	1,665	750	920
Burmese	0	0	0	215	85	130
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	205	100	110
Chinese	20	0	20	730	295	435
Filipino	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	65	20	50
Karen	0	0	0	50	15	35
Korean	0	0	0	25	20	0
Laotian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	50	20	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	405	205	200
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	25	15	10
Australian	0	0	0	15	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
Owner	1,585	...	...	18,265	...	...
Renter	320	...	...	34,750	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,910	...	...	53,010	...	...
Condominium	30	...	...	12,170	...	...
Not condominium	1,880	...	...	40,840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,910	...	...	53,010	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	1,320	...	...
1 bedroom	200	...	...	19,800	...	...
2 bedrooms	525	...	...	18,970	...	...
3 bedrooms	700	...	...	9,500	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	485	...	...	3,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,910	...	...	53,010	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	395	...	...	32,840	...	...
5 rooms	295	...	...	9,055	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	4,215	...	...
7 rooms	295	...	...	2,835	...	...
8 or more rooms	655	...	...	4,070	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,910	...	...	52,695	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
Suitable	1,880	...	...	51,615	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	1,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
1960 or before	235	...	...	22,515	...	...
1961 to 1980	655	...	...	14,230	...	...
1981 to 1990	310	...	...	6,855	...	...
1991 to 2000	345	...	...	3,725	...	...
2001 to 2005	195	...	...	1,895	...	...
2006 to 2010	80	...	...	1,875	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	100	...	...	1,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,785	...	...	49,500	...	...
Major repairs needed	125	...	...	3,510	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,910	...	...	53,010	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,105	...	...	37,555	...	...
2 household maintainers	795	...	...	14,720	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,910	...	...	53,015	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	2,860	...	...
25 to 34 years	205	...	...	10,165	...	...
35 to 44 years	365	...	...	7,555	...	...
45 to 54 years	350	...	...	7,530	...	...
55 to 64 years	490	...	...	10,200	...	...
65 to 74 years	315	...	...	8,385	...	...
75 to 84 years	150	...	...	4,420	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	1,905	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,895	...	...	52,980	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,540	...	...	39,060	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	360	...	...	13,910	...	...
30% to less than 100%	335	...	...	12,385	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,585	...	...	18,265	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.7	...	...	57.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.9	...	...	15.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	1,027	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,074	...	...	1,125	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,765	...	...	269,149	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	284,572	...	...	310,054	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	315	...	...	34,750	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.5	...	...	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.5	...	...	32.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	703	...	...	722	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	775	...	...	792	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,590	40,170	42,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	810	405	410	11,810	5,625	6,185
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	905	445	460	15,330	7,235	8,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,010	985	1,020	55,445	27,310	28,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	745	465	285	10,605	6,415	4,195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	495	250	245	7,980	4,395	3,585
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	260	215	45	2,625	2,020	605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	725	310	415	14,920	6,625	8,295
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	35	90	3,050	1,090	1,955
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	410	175	235	26,865	13,170	13,690
Bachelor's degree	260	105	150	14,840	7,055	7,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	30	1,990	965	1,025
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	20	0	855	470	385
Master's degree	85	35	50	7,550	3,720	3,830
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	1,635	970	665
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,515	1,235	1,275	53,380	27,150	26,230
No certificate, diploma or degree	365	195	170	4,745	2,615	2,130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	560	305	255	7,910	4,270	3,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,595	740	855	40,725	20,255	20,465
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	615	360	250	7,995	4,710	3,285
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	425	200	225	6,105	3,265	2,840
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	190	160	30	1,885	1,440	445
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	560	225	335	10,100	4,820	5,280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	30	80	1,780	710	1,070
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	315	125	190	20,850	10,020	10,830
Bachelor's degree	205	80	125	11,410	5,490	5,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	15	1,375	635	745
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	615	285	330
Master's degree	70	25	45	6,160	2,920	3,245
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,280	690	585
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,590	40,170	42,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,720	850	865	27,145	12,865	14,280
Education	145	30	115	3,895	1,120	2,775
13. Education	145	30	120	3,890	1,120	2,775
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	40	45	3,745	1,765	1,980
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	605	435	165
50. Visual and performing arts	70	30	40	3,140	1,325	1,815
Humanities	90	25	65	5,075	2,300	2,775
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	720	205	515
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	150	60	90
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	20	15	1,965	900	1,065
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	65	40	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	410	270	140
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	245	150	95
54. History	0	0	0	555	355	200
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	965	315	645
Social and behavioural sciences and law	115	40	80	7,620	3,130	4,490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	65	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	1,140	420	720
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	900	130	770
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	10	1,510	705	810
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	265	40	230
42. Psychology	10	0	10	1,025	295	735
45. Social sciences	55	25	30	2,700	1,530	1,170
Business, management and public administration	425	130	295	11,045	4,670	6,375
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	1,080	350	730
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	420	130	295	9,955	4,315	5,635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	45	25	2,795	1,455	1,340
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	1,160	505	655
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	0	250	150	100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	0	570	255	310
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	735	490	245
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	85	50	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	50	25	2,790	2,040	750
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	45	25	2,125	1,705	420
25. Library science	10	0	0	360	115	245
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	280	200	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	510	460	45	7,835	6,840	1,000
04. Architecture and related services	35	0	30	785	455	325
14. Engineering	30	30	0	1,745	1,445	300
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	65	10	1,350	1,190	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	160	155	0	1,550	1,500	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	110	0	1,375	1,305	75
48. Precision production	100	95	10	1,030	945	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	25	15	1,135	735	400
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	25	15	480	280	200
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	655	460	200
Health and related fields	245	35	210	6,305	1,490	4,815
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	375	180	200
51. Health professions and related programs	240	30	205	5,625	1,150	4,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	305	165	140
Personal, protective and transportation services	200	110	90	3,160	1,735	1,425
12. Personal and culinary services	70	10	70	2,155	885	1,270
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	25	0
43. Security and protective services	75	55	25	455	350	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0	530	475	50
Other	0	0	0	40	20	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	40	25	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,515	1,235	1,275	53,380	27,150	26,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	925	500	420	12,655	6,890	5,770
Education	110	20	95	2,435	675	1,760
13. Education	115	20	95	2,430	670	1,760
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	30	35	2,885	1,375	1,510
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	0	455	325	130
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	30	2,430	1,050	1,380
Humanities	45	10	40	3,360	1,580	1,780
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	550	165	385
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	100	40	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	1,100	575	520
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	55	35	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	300	185	110
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	10	145	95	50
54. History	0	0	0	400	255	145
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	720	225	495
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	25	70	5,610	2,255	3,355
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	15	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	955	370	585
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	670	95	575
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	1,105	450	650
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	165	25	140
42. Psychology	10	0	10	665	170	490
45. Social sciences	35	15	15	1,995	1,130	865
Business, management and public administration	335	90	245	8,585	3,580	5,000
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	825	255	570
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	330	85	240	7,745	3,315	4,430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	30	15	1,960	1,030	925
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	985	405	580
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	25	0	160	115	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	170	100	70
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	590	380	210
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	30	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	25	2,375	1,770	605
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	35	25	1,915	1,555	365
25. Library science	10	0	0	250	65	185
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	190	135	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	395	355	40	5,755	4,885	865
04. Architecture and related services	25	0	25	610	335	270
14. Engineering	25	25	0	1,375	1,115	265
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	50	40	10	1,010	880	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	115	115	0	1,085	1,040	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	915	850	70
48. Precision production	80	80	0	755	665	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	30	20	965	620	345
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	25	20	400	230	170
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	565	390	175
Health and related fields	205	25	185	4,230	1,095	3,135
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	330	145	185
51. Health professions and related programs	200	20	180	3,685	855	2,825
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	220	100	120
Personal, protective and transportation services	180	90	90	2,525	1,370	1,150
12. Personal and culinary services	60	0	60	1,740	710	1,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	70	45	25	325	235	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	40	0	445	410	40
Other	0	0	0	40	15	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	40	20	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,590	40,170	42,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,720	850	865	27,145	12,865	14,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,010	990	1,025	55,445	27,310	28,135
Location of study inside Canada	1,945	960	990	51,050	25,015	26,030
Same as province or territory of residence	1,925	945	980	49,640	24,210	25,430
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	10	1,400	805	600
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	65	30	35	4,395	2,290	2,105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	385	240	140
Philippines	0	0	0	30	0	20
India	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	95	70	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	70	35	30
France	30	15	10	2,030	1,035	995
Other	30	15	15	1,760	880	880
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,510	1,240	1,275	53,385	27,150	26,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	920	500	420	12,660	6,890	5,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,590	740	855	40,725	20,260	20,465
Location of study inside Canada	1,555	725	825	37,010	18,375	18,640
Same as province or territory of residence	1,545	720	825	36,005	17,760	18,245
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	10	1,005	610	395
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	10	25	3,715	1,890	1,825
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	240	160	80
Philippines	0	0	0	30	10	20
India	0	0	0	25	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	80	65	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	65	30	30
France	20	10	15	1,695	850	835
Other	10	0	0	1,580	750	825
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,585	40,170	42,415
In the labour force	2,470	1,315	1,155	51,950	26,930	25,015
Employed	2,375	1,260	1,115	48,830	25,100	23,730
Unemployed	95	50	45	3,115	1,830	1,285
Not in the labour force	1,260	530	735	30,640	13,245	17,400
Participation rate	66.2	71.5	61.1	62.9	67.0	59.0
Employment rate	63.7	68.5	59.0	59.1	62.5	55.9
Unemployment rate	3.8	3.8	3.9	6.0	6.8	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,730	1,840	1,890	82,585	40,170	42,415
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,140	470	670	28,670	12,225	16,445
Worked	2,590	1,365	1,225	53,920	27,945	25,970
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,295	685	610	25,240	13,700	11,540
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,295	685	610	28,680	14,245	14,430
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	43.0	44.1	42.8	42.8	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,470	1,315	1,155	51,950	26,930	25,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	10	25	975	550	425
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,440	1,310	1,130	50,970	26,380	24,595
Employee	2,090	1,095	995	45,860	23,380	22,480
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	350	215	135	5,115	2,995	2,115
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,465	1,315	1,155	51,945	26,930	25,020
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	25	975	550	425
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,435	1,310	1,130	50,975	26,380	24,595
0 Management occupations	290	165	125	4,260	2,470	1,790
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	310	75	235	9,025	3,380	5,645
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	125	95	35	4,950	3,875	1,070
3 Health occupations	150	20	130	3,625	980	2,645
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265	75	190	7,230	2,770	4,465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	60	40	15	2,895	1,440	1,450
6 Sales and service occupations	560	240	320	13,895	7,035	6,860
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	535	505	30	3,670	3,400	265
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	15	10	245	190	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	70	45	1,170	830	335
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,470	1,310	1,155	51,945	26,930	25,020
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	10	25	975	550	420
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,440	1,310	1,130	50,975	26,380	24,595
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	20	15	200	120	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	100	65	35
22 Utilities	0	0	0	155	105	50
23 Construction	240	210	35	1,610	1,420	190
31-33 Manufacturing	325	230	95	2,970	2,080	880
41 Wholesale trade	95	70	20	1,305	950	355
44-45 Retail trade	390	205	185	5,900	2,810	3,090
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	140	95	40	1,360	1,105	255
51 Information and cultural industries	30	30	0	1,355	870	485
52 Finance and insurance	90	20	70	2,225	1,025	1,205
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	25	0	750	490	265
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	135	75	60	4,635	2,870	1,765
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	45	20	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	140	70	65	2,390	1,560	830
61 Educational services	175	45	130	4,375	1,680	2,690
62 Health care and social assistance	255	35	220	6,115	1,580	4,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	15	10	1,595	750	840
72 Accommodation and food services	125	35	85	5,395	2,825	2,575
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	65	35	2,385	1,135	1,245
91 Public administration	105	65	45	6,110	2,905	3,205
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,370	1,260	1,115	48,830	25,095	23,735
Worked at home	165	90	75	2,835	1,490	1,345
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	110	50	60
No fixed workplace address	275	230	45	3,440	2,370	1,065
Worked at usual place	1,935	940	995	42,440	21,180	21,260
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,935	940	995	42,440	21,180	21,265
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	75	80	38,755	18,995	19,760
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	245	120	125	825	485	340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,535	745	790	2,780	1,640	1,145
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	85	65	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,210	1,175	1,035	45,880	23,550	22,330
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,025	1,100	925	23,580	12,970	10,615
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	55	25	30	1,450	450	1,000
Public transit	85	20	65	8,785	3,680	5,100
Walked	20	10	10	10,010	5,095	4,915
Bicycle	10	10	0	1,680	1,105	575
Other method	15	0	0	375	250	125
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,210	1,175	1,040	45,880	23,550	22,330
Less than 15 minutes	425	195	235	15,195	8,090	7,100
15 to 29 minutes	625	325	300	20,925	10,695	10,235
30 to 44 minutes	620	380	240	6,870	3,325	3,545
45 to 59 minutes	260	135	125	1,805	870	930
60 minutes and over	275	140	140	1,085	570	515
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,210	1,170	1,040	45,880	23,550	22,330
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	275	215	60	1,315	920	395
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	470	310	165	5,455	3,440	2,010
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	665	290	370	14,530	7,015	7,515
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	365	135	225	12,040	5,695	6,345
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	130	55	80	5,575	2,595	2,980
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	300	165	135	6,965	3,880	3,080
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,630	1,400	1,230	55,285	28,590	26,690
Single responses	2,520	1,345	1,175	53,445	27,600	25,845
Official languages	2,520	1,345	1,180	53,285	27,545	25,745
English	80	30	50	1,680	930	750
French	2,440	1,310	1,125	51,605	26,615	24,995
Non-official languages	0	0	0	160	60	100
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	155	55	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	90	30	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	70	20	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	0	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	10	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	60	55	1,835	990	845
English and French	110	55	55	1,670	915	755
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	85	35	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	70	35	35
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,630	1,400	1,230	55,280	28,590	26,690
None	1,835	980	855	40,805	20,565	20,235
English	725	390	330	12,460	6,985	5,475
French	75	25	45	1,330	730	600
Non-official language	0	0	0	395	190	205
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	395	185	205
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	245	105	145
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,500	2,270	2,230	91,575	44,695	46,885
Non-movers	4,015	2,045	1,970	76,140	37,000	39,140
Movers	485	225	265	15,440	7,695	7,745
Non-migrants	120	50	65	11,340	5,780	5,560
Migrants	370	175	195	4,105	1,915	2,190
Internal migrants	365	175	195	2,980	1,440	1,540
Intraprovincial migrants	365	175	190	2,705	1,280	1,415
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	275	155	120
External migrants	0	0	0	1,120	475	645
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,390	2,220	2,170	88,610	43,235	45,375
Non-movers	3,245	1,675	1,570	47,070	22,630	24,440
Movers	1,145	545	600	41,540	20,605	20,935
Non-migrants	250	120	135	29,000	14,585	14,410
Migrants	895	425	465	12,540	6,015	6,525
Internal migrants	870	415	455	8,780	4,220	4,555
Intraprovincial migrants	875	415	460	8,105	3,865	4,240
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	670	355	310
External migrants	15	10	10	3,760	1,790	1,965

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Québec [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 28, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Québec [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Québec [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Mathias-sur-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Québec [Federal electoral district], Quebec