Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	La Vallée-du-Richelieu, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Charlevoix-Est, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	124,420	...	...	15,509	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	116,773	...	...	16,240	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.5	...	...	-4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	49,971	...	...	8,707	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	48,748	...	...	6,980	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	211.4	...	...	6.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	588.60	...	...	2,307.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	124,420	61,085	63,335	15,505	7,645	7,860
0 to 14 years	24,265	12,245	12,020	2,130	1,070	1,055
0 to 4 years	7,670	3,915	3,750	735	370	365
5 to 9 years	8,780	4,435	4,345	745	365	380
10 to 14 years	7,820	3,900	3,920	650	340	310
15 to 64 years	81,060	40,070	40,990	9,415	4,720	4,700
15 to 19 years	7,210	3,695	3,520	695	360	340
20 to 24 years	6,650	3,460	3,190	645	345	300
25 to 29 years	5,830	2,865	2,965	630	310	320
30 to 34 years	7,615	3,650	3,965	765	400	365
35 to 39 years	9,390	4,560	4,830	855	415	440
40 to 44 years	9,035	4,440	4,595	785	370	420
45 to 49 years	8,750	4,350	4,400	875	450	430
50 to 54 years	9,750	4,810	4,940	1,145	565	585
55 to 59 years	9,105	4,445	4,660	1,540	745	795
60 to 64 years	7,730	3,805	3,920	1,475	765	710
65 years and over	19,095	8,770	10,320	3,965	1,850	2,105
65 to 69 years	6,800	3,210	3,590	1,380	710	670
70 to 74 years	5,350	2,600	2,750	965	445	515
75 to 79 years	3,100	1,510	1,590	675	320	355
80 to 84 years	1,950	825	1,120	470	220	255
85 years and over	1,895	620	1,275	465	160	310
85 to 89 years	1,225	455	765	295	115	180
90 to 94 years	540	135	395	135	40	95
95 to 99 years	115	25	90	35	5	30
100 years and over	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.5	20.0	19.0	13.7	14.0	13.4
15 to 64 years	65.2	65.6	64.7	60.7	61.7	59.8
65 years and over	15.3	14.4	16.3	25.6	24.2	26.8
85 years and over	1.5	1.0	2.0	3.0	2.1	3.9
Average age of the population	39.8	39.1	40.5	47.0	46.2	47.7
Median age of the population	40.7	40.1	41.2	51.7	51.0	52.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
Single-detached house	32,675	...	...	4,970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15,675	...	...	1,985	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,425	...	...	270	...	...
Row house	1,070	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,595	...	...	610	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,395	...	...	1,050	...	...
Other single-attached house	190	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	390	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
1 person	11,495	...	...	2,205	...	...
2 persons	17,490	...	...	2,800	...	...
3 persons	8,015	...	...	980	...	...
4 persons	8,210	...	...	680	...	...
5 or more persons	3,545	...	...	315	...	...
Number of persons in private households	122,245	...	...	15,180	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	100,160	48,845	51,315	13,380	6,575	6,805
Married or living common law	63,705	31,795	31,905	8,205	4,105	4,100
Married	34,155	17,055	17,100	4,670	2,340	2,335
Living common law	29,550	14,745	14,800	3,535	1,770	1,765
Not married and not living common law	36,455	17,040	19,415	5,175	2,470	2,705
Never married	24,900	13,175	11,720	3,160	1,750	1,410
Separated	1,155	535	625	140	70	70
Divorced	6,000	2,315	3,685	855	420	435
Widowed	4,400	1,015	3,380	1,025	225	795
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,720	...	...	4,635	...	...
2 persons	17,840	...	...	2,810	...	...
3 persons	7,855	...	...	925	...	...
4 persons	8,075	...	...	645	...	...
5 or more persons	2,950	...	...	255	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,720	...	...	4,635	...	...
Total couple families	31,400	...	...	4,035	...	...
Married couples	16,640	...	...	2,265	...	...
Common-law couples	14,765	...	...	1,770	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,320	...	...	600	...	...
Female parent	3,700	...	...	435	...	...
Male parent	1,625	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	31,405	...	...	4,035	...	...
Couples without children	14,800	...	...	2,400	...	...
Couples with children	16,605	...	...	1,635	...	...
1 child	6,045	...	...	775	...	...
2 children	7,670	...	...	615	...	...
3 or more children	2,890	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,320	...	...	600	...	...
1 child	3,045	...	...	410	...	...
2 children	1,815	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	465	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,260	7,145	8,115	2,860	1,335	1,520
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
One-census-family households	35,780	...	...	4,530	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,370	...	...	2,360	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,410	...	...	2,170	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	465	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,505	...	...	2,400	...	...
One-person households	11,490	...	...	2,205	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,015	...	...	195	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	123,485	60,750	62,740	15,295	7,555	7,735
English only	705	320	385	15	5	5
French only	61,125	27,925	33,200	12,810	6,160	6,650
English and French	61,535	32,440	29,090	2,455	1,380	1,075
Neither English nor French	120	60	65	15	15	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	123,485	60,745	62,740	15,295	7,555	7,735
English	4,720	2,355	2,365	80	40	35
French	117,550	57,785	59,770	15,190	7,500	7,695
English and French	1,090	555	540	15	10	5
Neither English nor French	120	55	65	20	10	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,265	2,635	2,635	85	45	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.3	4.3	4.2	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	123,485	60,745	62,735	15,295	7,560	7,735
Single responses	121,930	60,005	61,930	15,255	7,535	7,715
Official languages	118,395	58,265	60,130	15,180	7,500	7,685
English	3,990	2,015	1,975	75	45	35
French	114,405	56,250	58,150	15,105	7,450	7,650
Non-official languages	3,535	1,735	1,800	70	40	30
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,530	1,730	1,795	70	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	445	245	205	10	5	5
Berber languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	50	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	370	200	170	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	365	200	170	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	115	55	65	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	110	50	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,375	1,170	1,205	45	30	20
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	315	130	180	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	305	130	175	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	85	40	45	5	0	0
Russian	110	40	75	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	250	135	115	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	170	85	85	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	75	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	80	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	65	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	100	65	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,590	775	810	40	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	280	155	125	5	0	0
Portuguese	225	105	115	5	0	5
Romanian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Spanish	885	425	460	25	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	90	120	0	0	0
Chinese languages	215	90	125	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	60	90	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,555	745	810	45	25	20
English and French	1,105	545	560	30	20	15
English and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	310	135	175	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	90	45	45	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	123,485	60,745	62,735	15,295	7,560	7,735
Single responses	121,545	59,835	61,710	15,245	7,535	7,705
Official languages	120,285	59,210	61,075	15,220	7,520	7,700
English	4,095	2,060	2,025	60	30	30
French	116,195	57,150	59,050	15,155	7,495	7,660
Non-official languages	1,265	630	635	25	20	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,260	630	635	25	15	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	55	50	0	0	5
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	45	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	895	445	450	20	15	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	60	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	50	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	80	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	605	295	310	15	10	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Romanian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Spanish	375	185	190	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	10	0	5
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	55	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,940	915	1,025	50	20	30
English and French	1,110	545	565	30	15	10
English and non-official language	75	30	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	625	275	350	20	5	20
English, French and non-official language	130	60	70	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	123,485	60,750	62,740	15,295	7,555	7,740
None	110,680	54,190	56,490	14,980	7,385	7,600
English	8,380	4,355	4,025	230	130	100
French	2,385	1,225	1,155	35	20	20
Non-official language	1,570	740	830	40	25	15
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,565	735	830	35	20	15
English and French	110	55	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	265	130	130	5	0	5
French and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	98,015	48,115	49,905	13,055	6,430	6,620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,775	46,590	48,185	12,825	6,335	6,490
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,501	50,214	36,065	30,110	37,279	23,446
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,810	46,600	48,210	12,830	6,340	6,490
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,457	41,750	31,590	27,284	32,690	21,988
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,170	44,620	44,550	11,000	5,725	5,275
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,479	47,298	30,976	25,204	31,883	19,544
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,240	28,590	37,650	10,550	5,055	5,495
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,750	5,403	7,420	9,939	9,901	9,967
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,225	38,420	36,810	8,635	4,585	4,050
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,596	47,680	33,167	25,342	31,140	21,143
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	98,015	48,115	49,905	13,055	6,410	6,645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,615	46,505	48,110	12,830	6,310	6,520
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,798	61,627	42,296	35,968	43,089	29,077
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,640	46,505	48,135	12,830	6,310	6,520
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,360	48,016	34,929	30,569	35,907	25,403
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,020	44,575	44,450	10,945	5,725	5,215
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,777	59,357	38,167	32,210	38,663	25,126
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,380	28,625	37,755	10,555	5,015	5,540
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,413	7,690	8,962	10,324	10,061	10,562
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,225	38,340	36,885	8,635	4,620	4,015
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,171	56,904	39,095	32,125	36,870	26,665
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	98,015	48,110	49,900	13,055	6,405	6,645
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35,445	19,155	16,290	3,245	1,775	1,470
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,831	65,532	48,318	40,481	46,607	34,476
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,215	74,990	53,716	46,380	51,937	39,655
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.7	92.3	83.7	76.4	81.0	69.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.4	75.6	70.4	59.3	61.1	56.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.3	7.7	16.3	23.6	19.0	30.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	98,015	48,110	49,905	13,050	6,430	6,625
Without total income	3,240	1,520	1,715	230	90	135
With total income	94,780	46,595	48,185	12,825	6,335	6,490
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.9	96.6	98.3	98.5	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,165	3,740	5,425	1,380	445	940
$10,000 to $19,999	12,915	4,775	8,145	2,755	995	1,760
$20,000 to $29,999	11,235	4,450	6,790	2,255	950	1,305
$30,000 to $39,999	11,030	4,920	6,110	2,000	1,080	920
$40,000 to $49,999	11,205	5,285	5,925	1,680	970	715
$50,000 to $59,999	9,295	4,755	4,535	990	625	365
$60,000 to $69,999	7,475	4,075	3,400	575	410	170
$70,000 to $79,999	6,420	3,685	2,735	380	250	130
$80,000 to $89,999	4,590	2,745	1,845	285	195	90
$90,000 to $99,999	3,090	2,060	1,035	180	140	35
$100,000 and over	8,350	6,105	2,245	335	275	65
$100,000 to $149,999	5,980	4,260	1,720	235	195	45
$150,000 and over	2,370	1,845	525	100	80	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	98,020	48,115	49,905	13,050	6,430	6,625
Without after-tax income	3,205	1,515	1,695	225	90	130
With after-tax income	94,805	46,600	48,210	12,830	6,340	6,495
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.9	96.6	98.3	98.6	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,830	3,860	5,965	1,470	450	1,020
$10,000 to $19,999	13,615	5,120	8,495	2,895	1,065	1,830
$20,000 to $29,999	14,125	5,815	8,310	2,825	1,280	1,545
$30,000 to $39,999	15,255	7,200	8,055	2,455	1,395	1,060
$40,000 to $49,999	13,360	6,830	6,525	1,490	940	555
$50,000 to $59,999	10,245	5,720	4,525	760	520	235
$60,000 to $69,999	7,445	4,365	3,080	425	290	135
$70,000 to $79,999	4,190	2,770	1,425	235	175	60
$80,000 and over	6,745	4,920	1,830	275	225	55
$80,000 to $89,999	2,395	1,670	730	85	65	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	970	385	55	50	5
$100,000 and over	2,990	2,275	715	135	110	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	98,015	48,115	49,900	13,055	6,430	6,620
Without employment income	22,790	9,700	13,090	4,420	1,845	2,575
With employment income	75,225	38,415	36,810	8,635	4,590	4,050
Percentage with employment income	76.7	79.8	73.8	66.1	71.4	61.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,390	4,280	4,110	1,260	675	585
$5,000 to $9,999	5,040	2,165	2,875	735	305	430
$10,000 to $19,999	9,170	3,705	5,470	1,540	625	920
$20,000 to $29,999	7,565	3,010	4,555	1,325	610	710
$30,000 to $39,999	7,780	3,395	4,390	1,140	605	540
$40,000 to $49,999	7,495	3,475	4,025	920	550	375
$50,000 to $59,999	6,580	3,425	3,155	555	375	175
$60,000 to $69,999	5,495	3,045	2,445	360	265	100
$70,000 to $79,999	5,275	3,035	2,245	290	180	105
$80,000 and over	12,425	8,890	3,540	510	400	110
$80,000 to $89,999	3,435	2,220	1,215	185	140	45
$90,000 to $99,999	2,415	1,720	695	115	95	15
$100,000 and over	6,575	4,950	1,625	205	160	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,889	...	...	55,727	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,469	...	...	49,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,490	...	...	2,205	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,826	...	...	26,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,994	...	...	24,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	37,255	...	...	4,775	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,469	...	...	71,902	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,303	...	...	62,684	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,534	...	...	66,106	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,300	...	...	56,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,490	...	...	2,205	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,156	...	...	34,395	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,158	...	...	29,673	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	37,260	...	...	4,775	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,064	...	...	80,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,675	...	...	68,433	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
Under $5,000	265	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	290	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	690	...	...	185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,175	...	...	485	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,430	...	...	380	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,220	...	...	345	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,545	...	...	460	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,730	...	...	400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,800	...	...	385	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,855	...	...	355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,625	...	...	655	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,550	...	...	590	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,560	...	...	510	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,350	...	...	465	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,900	...	...	345	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,755	...	...	1,315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,495	...	...	645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,915	...	...	330	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,080	...	...	240	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,275	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
Under $5,000	315	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	315	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	690	...	...	190	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,260	...	...	510	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,610	...	...	435	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,570	...	...	435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,065	...	...	495	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,320	...	...	500	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,325	...	...	415	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,375	...	...	455	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,710	...	...	780	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,610	...	...	660	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,155	...	...	525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,780	...	...	420	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,345	...	...	320	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,300	...	...	725	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,360	...	...	470	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,475	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,470	...	...	105	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,550	...	...	4,670	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,465	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,241	...	...	62,632	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,135	...	...	2,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,787	...	...	62,098	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,242	...	...	54,571	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,680	...	...	1,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,917	...	...	96,209	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,364	...	...	82,339	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,140	...	...	575	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,864	...	...	50,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,838	...	...	45,751	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,525	...	...	4,685	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,289	...	...	80,637	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,759	...	...	68,277	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,050	...	...	2,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,660	...	...	73,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,123	...	...	61,759	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,705	...	...	1,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,997	...	...	101,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,297	...	...	85,409	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,145	...	...	580	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	74,668	...	...	52,911	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,041	...	...	47,574	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,655	6,515	7,135	2,525	1,195	1,330
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,078	43,170	35,058	25,536	30,656	22,265
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,625	36,288	31,000	24,114	27,666	21,801
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,645	6,550	7,095	2,485	1,180	1,305
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,845	53,749	42,393	33,684	37,404	30,319
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,550	42,256	35,129	29,109	31,265	27,159
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	122,245	60,330	61,920	15,180	7,500	7,680
In the bottom half of the distribution	48,710	23,060	25,650	9,660	4,640	5,020
In the bottom decile	4,505	2,080	2,425	935	435	495
In the second decile	7,270	3,160	4,110	2,005	845	1,155
In the third decile	9,975	4,720	5,255	2,195	1,075	1,120
In the fourth decile	12,520	6,045	6,475	2,280	1,155	1,130
In the fifth decile	14,440	7,055	7,385	2,245	1,130	1,115
In the top half of the distribution	73,535	37,270	36,270	5,520	2,860	2,660
In the sixth decile	15,475	7,735	7,740	1,920	995	920
In the seventh decile	16,810	8,445	8,370	1,510	785	725
In the eighth decile	16,890	8,625	8,265	1,090	560	535
In the ninth decile	14,285	7,330	6,955	665	345	320
In the top decile	10,070	5,140	4,935	340	180	165
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	122,245	60,325	61,915	15,180	7,500	7,675
0 to 17 years	28,540	14,445	14,095	2,535	1,285	1,250
0 to 5 years	9,370	4,735	4,640	880	435	445
18 to 64 years	76,525	37,700	38,825	8,915	4,450	4,465
65 years and over	17,180	8,190	8,995	3,735	1,770	1,965
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,650	3,320	4,330	2,030	850	1,175
0 to 17 years	1,635	815	825	235	100	130
0 to 5 years	405	200	205	80	35	45
18 to 64 years	4,145	1,880	2,265	890	430	455
65 years and over	1,860	630	1,235	905	315	585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.3	5.5	7.0	13.4	11.3	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.7	5.6	5.9	9.3	7.8	10.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.3	4.2	4.4	9.1	8.0	10.1
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.0	5.8	10.0	9.7	10.2
65 years and over (%)	10.8	7.7	13.7	24.2	17.8	29.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,190	1,905	2,280	500	250	255
0 to 17 years	900	445	460	55	25	30
0 to 5 years	215	100	115	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	2,770	1,290	1,480	400	210	190
65 years and over	520	175	345	45	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.2	3.7	3.3	3.3	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.1	3.3	2.2	1.9	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.3	2.1	2.5	1.7	2.3	1.1
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.4	3.8	4.5	4.7	4.3
65 years and over (%)	3.0	2.1	3.8	1.2	0.8	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	122,245	60,325	61,915	15,180	7,500	7,680
Official languages	122,130	60,270	61,860	15,160	7,485	7,675
English	62,020	32,800	29,220	2,445	1,355	1,090
French	121,450	59,945	61,500	15,150	7,480	7,675
Non-official languages	8,835	4,175	4,660	265	125	140
Aboriginal languages	15	15	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,825	4,170	4,660	260	125	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	705	380	320	10	10	10
Berber languages	180	105	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	105	65	45	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	610	325	280	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	595	325	270	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	30	50	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	55	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	295	140	155	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	290	135	155	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	50	15	35	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,980	3,285	3,695	220	110	115
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	395	195	200	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	390	195	190	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Polish	130	70	60	0	0	0
Russian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	615	375	235	15	0	15
Afrikaans	0	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	95	60	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	490	310	175	15	0	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	150	75	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	220	135	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	185	110	75	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	185	110	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,820	2,615	3,205	215	110	105
Catalan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Italian	915	440	480	20	0	0
Portuguese	375	175	205	10	0	10
Romanian	230	110	125	10	0	0
Spanish	4,570	2,025	2,540	205	110	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	165	85	85	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	35	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	135	40	90	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	90	20	70	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	20	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	135	160	0	0	0
Chinese languages	300	135	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	10	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	230	110	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	122,245	60,330	61,915	15,180	7,505	7,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	120,770	59,655	61,110	15,115	7,475	7,635
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,360	14,440	13,925	2,545	1,315	1,230
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	92,405	45,215	47,190	12,565	6,160	6,405
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,480	670	805	65	25	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	122,245	60,330	61,920	15,180	7,505	7,680
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	116,105	57,215	58,885	14,995	7,415	7,580
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,985	3,035	2,950	175	80	95
Before 1981	1,790	960	830	40	10	30
1981 to 1990	640	295	340	25	10	20
1991 to 2000	970	495	475	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,850	910	940	80	45	35
2001 to 2005	920	450	475	40	25	15
2006 to 2010	930	460	460	40	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	740	370	370	20	15	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	155	80	80	10	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,985	3,035	2,950	175	85	90
Under 5 years	845	405	435	55	20	35
5 to 14 years	995	490	505	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	1,030	510	525	15	10	10
25 to 44 years	2,830	1,480	1,350	100	45	50
45 years and over	290	150	140	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,985	3,035	2,950	175	85	90
Americas	1,350	595	755	25	10	15
Brazil	30	20	15	0	0	0
Colombia	205	85	120	0	0	0
El Salvador	65	35	25	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	170	60	105	0	0	10
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	145	40	105	10	0	0
Peru	60	40	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	300	125	175	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	340	175	170	0	10	0
Europe	2,905	1,600	1,305	125	65	60
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	1,440	855	590	50	40	15
Germany	70	30	35	10	0	10
Greece	40	25	10	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Italy	160	100	60	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	20	10	0	0	0
Poland	105	50	55	0	0	0
Portugal	95	35	55	0	0	0
Romania	125	50	75	10	10	10
Russian Federation	45	30	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	140	60	80	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	605	325	285	35	10	25
Africa	905	510	400	10	10	10
Algeria	190	130	60	10	10	0
Egypt	75	50	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	235	130	105	0	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	405	195	210	0	0	0
Asia	825	335	490	20	10	15
Afghanistan	85	50	35	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	270	65	205	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	30	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	20	10	0	0	0
Philippines	20	15	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	100	45	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	50	75	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	740	365	375	20	15	0
Americas	210	100	110	0	10	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cuba	25	20	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	0	0	0
Europe	260	140	120	10	10	10
France	160	95	60	10	10	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	190	100	95	0	0	0
Algeria	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	50	10	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	20	0	0	0
Asia	85	35	45	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	122,245	60,330	61,915	15,180	7,505	7,680
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,575	3,320	3,255	195	95	100
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,165	3,485	3,680	195	105	95
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	108,500	53,520	54,980	14,785	7,300	7,480
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,285	2,125	2,165	145	75	65
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,485	1,365	1,125	75	50	25
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,260	845	410	35	30	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,230	515	715	40	20	25
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,285	500	790	60	25	35
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	465	245	220	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	45	15	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	122,245	60,330	61,915	15,180	7,505	7,680
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,200	600	605	495	270	220
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,135	560	570	450	245	205
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	590	295	295	125	75	50
Métis	510	250	260	320	170	150
Inuk (Inuit)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	15	20	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	25	20	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	121,045	59,725	61,315	14,685	7,230	7,455
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	122,245	60,330	61,915	15,180	7,500	7,680
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	265	140	125	155	90	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	121,980	60,190	61,790	15,030	7,415	7,615
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	122,245	60,325	61,915	15,180	7,500	7,675
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	800	375	430	230	115	110
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	785	355	430	220	110	105
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	555	265	295	115	65	45
Métis single ancestry	205	90	120	105	45	60
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	15	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,720	1,775	1,940	315	175	140
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,660	1,750	1,915	290	165	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,170	1,480	1,695	160	90	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	475	260	215	125	70	55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	25	30	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	20	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	117,725	58,180	59,545	14,635	7,210	7,425
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	122,245	60,330	61,915	15,180	7,500	7,680
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,960	1,835	2,120	90	35	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	210	95	115	0	0	0
Chinese	480	175	300	0	0	0
Black	1,080	510	570	30	15	15
Filipino	35	30	0	15	10	10
Latin American	830	385	445	20	10	10
Arab	575	285	290	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	320	155	170	10	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	125	80	45	0	0	0
Korean	55	20	30	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	15	45	10	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	160	70	90	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	118,290	58,490	59,790	15,090	7,465	7,630
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	122,245	60,330	61,915	15,180	7,500	7,680
North American Aboriginal origins	4,520	2,150	2,375	545	290	250
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,805	1,785	2,020	315	170	135
Inuit	65	35	35	0	10	0
Métis	725	370	355	265	130	130
Other North American origins	89,510	44,015	45,495	12,965	6,350	6,610
Acadian	620	260	360	25	20	10
American	680	295	385	20	15	10
Canadian	86,035	42,270	43,770	12,670	6,200	6,470
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	3,260	1,695	1,560	355	165	190
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	49,025	24,555	24,470	3,690	1,900	1,790
British Isles origins	11,330	5,575	5,755	640	320	320
Channel Islander	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,385	1,680	1,705	100	55	45
Irish	7,030	3,465	3,565	360	175	180
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,805	1,290	1,515	225	110	120
Welsh	105	70	35	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	245	130	115	0	0	0
French origins	36,245	18,100	18,145	3,115	1,625	1,490
Alsatian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Breton	295	120	175	10	10	0
Corsican	25	10	20	0	0	0
French	36,075	18,040	18,040	3,115	1,625	1,490
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,240	2,205	2,030	195	80	115
Austrian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,345	720	625	35	0	25
Dutch	425	235	185	0	0	0
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,060	1,040	1,020	115	60	60
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	430	235	200	45	15	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	225	130	100	20	10	10
Danish	70	45	20	15	10	10
Finnish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	40	15	10	0	0
Swedish	85	30	55	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,145	1,095	1,045	45	35	10
Bulgarian	105	50	50	20	20	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	60	35	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	250	110	140	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	785	385	400	0	0	0
Romanian	330	175	160	25	20	10
Russian	310	170	140	0	0	0
Slovak	100	40	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	355	185	165	20	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,890	2,950	2,940	135	60	80
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Croatian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	155	150	0	0	0
Italian	3,780	1,935	1,845	40	10	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	710	340	370	65	20	45
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	1,135	545	590	30	20	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	230	120	110	15	15	10
Basque	70	45	25	10	10	0
Jewish	10	15	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	140	55	85	0	0	10
Caribbean origins	810	365	450	30	10	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	80	55	25	10	10	0
Dominican	75	35	40	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	10	15	10	10
Haitian	555	235	315	10	0	10
Jamaican	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,395	670	730	25	15	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Chilean	165	90	80	0	0	0
Colombian	295	115	180	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	35	0	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	85	35	55	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	300	150	150	15	10	10
Nicaraguan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	180	100	75	0	0	0
Salvadorean	130	70	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	30	30	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	60	30	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,670	860	805	25	10	10
Central and West African origins	320	170	155	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Angolan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	105	50	50	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	60	35	20	0	0	0
North African origins	945	485	460	20	10	10
Algerian	175	110	70	0	0	0
Berber	185	105	80	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	195	95	100	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	330	140	195	0	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	90	55	35	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	185	90	85	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	80	40	40	0	0	0
Mauritian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	250	130	125	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	220	110	110	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,150	1,010	1,140	60	20	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	785	410	380	30	10	15
Afghan	120	75	45	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	150	75	75	15	15	10
Armenian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	215	110	105	10	0	10
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	40	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	70	40	35	10	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	240	110	125	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	165	75	90	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	15	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,135	485	655	20	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	145	45	95	0	0	0
Chinese	675	260	420	0	0	0
Filipino	45	40	10	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	35	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	40	20	20	0	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	180	90	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	40	25	10	0	0	0
Australian	15	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
Owner	39,590	...	...	5,235	...	...
Renter	9,155	...	...	1,745	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
Condominium	5,985	...	...	300	...	...
Not condominium	42,760	...	...	6,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	3,250	...	...	645	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,125	...	...	2,005	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,800	...	...	2,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,495	...	...	1,720	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,680	...	...	1,665	...	...
5 rooms	6,120	...	...	1,340	...	...
6 rooms	5,500	...	...	1,085	...	...
7 rooms	6,915	...	...	960	...	...
8 or more rooms	20,535	...	...	1,930	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
One person or fewer per room	48,645	...	...	6,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	105	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
Suitable	48,010	...	...	6,885	...	...
Not suitable	740	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
1960 or before	6,240	...	...	2,395	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,580	...	...	2,275	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,920	...	...	800	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,715	...	...	600	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,945	...	...	245	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,080	...	...	385	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,275	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	46,575	...	...	6,520	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,175	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	48,745	...	...	6,980	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,150	...	...	4,585	...	...
2 household maintainers	22,225	...	...	2,350	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	375	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	48,750	...	...	6,980	...	...
15 to 24 years	785	...	...	150	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,330	...	...	695	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,285	...	...	825	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,770	...	...	1,140	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,000	...	...	1,695	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,115	...	...	1,380	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,775	...	...	790	...	...
85 years and over	685	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	48,420	...	...	6,925	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	41,620	...	...	5,895	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,800	...	...	1,030	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,245	...	...	930	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	39,330	...	...	5,195	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	69.8	...	...	51.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.5	...	...	9.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,224	...	...	704	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,247	...	...	825	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,429	...	...	150,519	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	327,554	...	...	178,050	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,145	...	...	1,745	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.2	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.3	...	...	29.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	791	...	...	563	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	819	...	...	598	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	98,020	48,110	49,900	13,055	6,410	6,650
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,845	7,140	6,710	3,480	1,595	1,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,985	10,045	10,935	3,180	1,450	1,725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	63,185	30,925	32,260	6,395	3,365	3,030
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,220	10,165	6,055	3,005	1,875	1,135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,360	6,070	5,290	2,230	1,255	975
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,860	4,095	765	780	615	165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,280	8,900	11,380	1,840	810	1,025
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,480	1,980	2,495	390	155	235
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,205	9,885	12,325	1,165	530	635
Bachelor's degree	15,105	6,615	8,495	850	355	495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,780	740	1,045	65	30	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	580	250	325	30	20	10
Master's degree	4,240	1,975	2,265	190	105	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	505	305	195	25	25	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,010	32,660	34,350	7,995	4,050	3,945
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,440	3,080	2,360	1,410	685	720
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,765	5,710	6,060	1,845	920	925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,805	23,875	25,930	4,740	2,450	2,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,630	7,630	5,005	2,360	1,430	930
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,910	4,505	4,400	1,765	955	810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,720	3,125	600	595	475	120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,955	6,610	8,345	1,320	580	740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,325	1,480	1,845	235	95	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,895	8,155	10,740	825	345	480
Bachelor's degree	12,955	5,625	7,330	600	230	360
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,445	545	905	30	15	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	470	170	300	25	10	10
Master's degree	3,605	1,570	2,035	150	75	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	415	250	170	20	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	98,015	48,110	49,900	13,055	6,410	6,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,835	17,190	17,645	6,655	3,040	3,615
Education	4,980	995	3,990	525	150	375
13. Education	4,980	995	3,990	525	150	375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,495	1,185	1,310	140	55	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	495	360	135	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,000	825	1,175	115	35	80
Humanities	3,305	1,175	2,130	180	65	115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	350	65	290	15	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	70	15	60	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,940	745	1,190	85	35	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	70	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	65	65	15	10	10
54. History	225	120	110	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	470	95	375	55	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,445	1,570	3,880	430	135	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	720	200	520	60	20	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,180	90	1,095	165	20	145
22. Legal professions and studies	1,070	380	690	65	35	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	160	25	135	15	0	10
42. Psychology	990	215	775	40	0	35
45. Social sciences	1,275	645	635	85	50	30
Business, management and public administration	15,335	5,860	9,470	1,285	350	930
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	805	155	650	70	15	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,510	5,700	8,810	1,205	335	875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,015	1,165	850	90	50	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	675	265	410	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	385	240	145	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	255	135	120	25	10	15
40. Physical sciences	515	400	110	35	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	185	125	60	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,550	1,725	825	95	55	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,120	1,580	545	85	55	25
25. Library science	205	20	185	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	100	95	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,415	12,500	920	1,715	1,660	60
04. Architecture and related services	430	235	195	15	10	0
14. Engineering	2,450	2,180	270	90	85	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,530	2,320	205	225	220	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,305	3,240	65	510	495	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,785	2,710	75	570	565	10
48. Precision production	1,915	1,810	100	305	290	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,295	690	610	260	230	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	955	510	450	50	35	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	180	155	215	195	20
Health and related fields	7,325	1,385	5,940	840	190	650
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	555	290	265	35	30	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,645	1,050	5,600	810	165	645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	50	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,015	2,675	2,335	835	420	415
12. Personal and culinary services	2,570	640	1,925	540	160	380
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,455	1,135	315	85	60	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	965	865	100	205	205	10
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,010	32,660	34,350	7,995	4,055	3,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,205	8,785	8,420	3,255	1,605	1,650
Education	3,550	665	2,885	270	70	200
13. Education	3,555	660	2,885	270	70	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,985	885	1,100	105	35	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	380	260	115	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,605	625	985	95	25	75
Humanities	2,105	690	1,410	105	40	65
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	300	45	250	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	55	15	45	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,070	400	665	40	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	30	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	40	35	0	0	10
54. History	165	95	70	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	370	55	320	30	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,500	1,230	3,270	300	75	220
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	600	165	430	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,005	65	945	120	10	115
22. Legal professions and studies	875	305	570	35	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	125	0	120	10	0	15
42. Psychology	825	165	660	30	0	25
45. Social sciences	1,025	510	520	65	30	30
Business, management and public administration	12,605	4,645	7,960	1,050	260	790
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	685	115	575	50	0	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,910	4,530	7,385	1,000	260	745
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,380	745	635	45	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	580	190	385	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	230	130	105	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	25	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	410	310	95	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	85	40	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,270	1,535	735	75	50	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,915	1,430	490	80	50	25
25. Library science	165	0	165	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	70	80	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,515	9,710	805	1,265	1,230	35
04. Architecture and related services	375	210	170	10	0	0
14. Engineering	2,185	1,930	255	55	50	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,920	1,765	160	175	165	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,475	2,420	60	390	385	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,100	2,030	65	415	410	10
48. Precision production	1,455	1,365	95	225	215	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,075	510	570	205	175	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	775	365	415	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	305	150	155	165	150	20
Health and related fields	5,700	1,085	4,615	645	150	490
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	470	240	230	30	25	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,150	830	4,330	615	125	485
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	15	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,115	2,175	1,940	675	335	340
12. Personal and culinary services	2,065	480	1,585	440	130	305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,220	950	270	85	50	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	815	730	85	155	150	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	98,015	48,110	49,905	13,050	6,410	6,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,835	17,185	17,645	6,660	3,045	3,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	63,185	30,930	32,255	6,395	3,365	3,030
Location of study inside Canada	60,915	29,640	31,275	6,295	3,320	2,980
Same as province or territory of residence	59,880	29,050	30,830	6,225	3,280	2,945
Different than province or territory of residence	1,035	595	445	70	40	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,270	1,285	980	100	45	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	215	140	75	15	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	85	50	35	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	30	30	0	0	0
France	845	495	350	50	30	25
Other	1,055	565	490	25	10	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,010	32,660	34,350	8,000	4,055	3,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,200	8,785	8,420	3,260	1,605	1,655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	49,810	23,875	25,930	4,740	2,450	2,290
Location of study inside Canada	48,095	22,960	25,135	4,655	2,410	2,250
Same as province or territory of residence	47,320	22,545	24,775	4,625	2,400	2,230
Different than province or territory of residence	775	415	360	30	15	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,715	920	795	85	40	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	105	60	15	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	35	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	30	30	0	0	0
France	630	365	265	45	25	20
Other	785	375	410	25	0	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	98,015	48,115	49,905	13,055	6,405	6,645
In the labour force	70,065	35,745	34,320	7,360	3,880	3,480
Employed	67,055	34,090	32,965	6,485	3,295	3,195
Unemployed	3,010	1,660	1,350	870	585	290
Not in the labour force	27,950	12,365	15,585	5,695	2,530	3,165
Participation rate	71.5	74.3	68.8	56.4	60.6	52.4
Employment rate	68.4	70.9	66.1	49.7	51.4	48.1
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.6	3.9	11.8	15.1	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	98,015	48,110	49,905	13,055	6,405	6,645
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,535	11,115	14,420	4,955	2,075	2,880
Worked	72,485	36,995	35,485	8,095	4,330	3,760
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	36,170	19,650	16,520	3,325	1,815	1,505
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	36,315	17,350	18,965	4,765	2,515	2,255
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.9	44.2	43.6	39.2	38.9	39.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,065	35,750	34,320	7,360	3,880	3,480
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	985	480	500	115	55	60
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	69,080	35,260	33,815	7,245	3,825	3,420
Employee	59,840	29,745	30,095	6,455	3,380	3,075
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,235	5,515	3,720	790	445	345
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,065	35,750	34,320	7,360	3,880	3,480
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	485	505	115	55	60
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	69,080	35,265	33,820	7,245	3,825	3,420
0 Management occupations	8,660	5,640	3,025	720	420	300
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,670	3,420	8,250	760	130	630
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,375	4,150	1,220	195	155	40
3 Health occupations	4,715	810	3,900	525	110	415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,380	2,730	6,650	645	165	485
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,420	1,150	1,270	135	65	70
6 Sales and service occupations	14,035	5,880	8,155	2,340	965	1,380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,580	9,125	460	1,445	1,410	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	885	710	180	260	215	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,355	1,645	710	220	190	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,065	35,745	34,315	7,355	3,880	3,480
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	985	485	500	115	55	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	69,080	35,265	33,815	7,245	3,830	3,415
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,070	675	390	280	225	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	160	110	45	40	30	0
22 Utilities	940	625	315	50	45	10
23 Construction	5,210	4,565	650	725	665	60
31-33 Manufacturing	7,285	5,165	2,125	435	335	105
41 Wholesale trade	2,955	1,975	980	100	80	20
44-45 Retail trade	8,545	3,810	4,730	1,065	485	580
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,720	2,015	705	370	320	45
51 Information and cultural industries	2,210	1,330	880	75	40	35
52 Finance and insurance	3,450	1,465	1,975	110	20	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,180	680	495	40	30	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,520	3,035	2,485	150	75	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	15	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,355	1,430	925	165	120	45
61 Educational services	5,705	1,520	4,180	390	115	280
62 Health care and social assistance	7,825	1,230	6,595	950	200	755
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,520	765	755	335	200	130
72 Accommodation and food services	3,115	1,210	1,900	1,135	410	720
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,120	1,365	1,755	465	195	270
91 Public administration	4,145	2,280	1,865	355	225	130
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	67,060	34,090	32,965	6,485	3,295	3,195
Worked at home	5,290	2,625	2,660	400	190	215
Worked outside Canada	120	85	30	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,210	4,735	1,475	695	580	115
Worked at usual place	55,445	26,640	28,800	5,385	2,525	2,865
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	55,445	26,640	28,800	5,385	2,520	2,865
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,310	3,520	4,785	2,870	1,220	1,645
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,375	3,115	4,255	1,495	635	860
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	39,695	19,955	19,740	1,015	660	355
Commute to a different province or territory	65	50	15	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	61,650	31,380	30,270	6,085	3,105	2,980
Car, truck, van - as a driver	50,915	26,470	24,445	5,370	2,775	2,595
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,985	820	1,170	190	90	105
Public transit	6,090	2,845	3,245	20	10	10
Walked	1,730	685	1,045	395	160	235
Bicycle	425	295	130	15	15	0
Other method	515	270	245	90	60	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	61,650	31,380	30,270	6,085	3,105	2,980
Less than 15 minutes	12,975	5,655	7,325	3,280	1,485	1,795
15 to 29 minutes	17,720	8,455	9,270	1,650	845	805
30 to 44 minutes	15,170	8,360	6,815	660	385	275
45 to 59 minutes	7,855	4,570	3,285	165	105	65
60 minutes and over	7,925	4,340	3,585	325	290	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	61,650	31,380	30,270	6,085	3,105	2,980
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,415	4,435	975	450	335	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,160	8,140	5,020	850	565	285
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20,275	8,955	11,315	2,080	1,065	1,020
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,835	4,280	6,550	1,205	400	810
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,745	1,665	3,080	445	130	315
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,225	3,900	3,325	1,060	615	445
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	73,915	37,635	36,280	8,245	4,380	3,865
Single responses	70,505	35,730	34,770	8,110	4,305	3,805
Official languages	70,445	35,695	34,740	8,110	4,305	3,810
English	3,475	1,960	1,515	70	40	35
French	66,970	33,740	33,225	8,035	4,265	3,775
Non-official languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,410	1,900	1,505	140	80	60
English and French	3,300	1,870	1,435	140	80	60
English and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	20	35	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	73,915	37,635	36,280	8,245	4,380	3,865
None	49,185	23,685	25,500	7,295	3,910	3,390
English	21,590	12,175	9,410	870	440	425
French	2,700	1,565	1,140	50	20	25
Non-official language	260	135	125	25	10	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	260	135	125	25	10	10
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	60	90	0	0	10
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	120,775	59,600	61,175	15,045	7,425	7,620
Non-movers	109,480	54,135	55,345	13,885	6,865	7,015
Movers	11,295	5,460	5,830	1,165	555	605
Non-migrants	3,840	1,820	2,015	695	345	350
Migrants	7,455	3,640	3,815	465	210	260
Internal migrants	7,320	3,575	3,750	465	210	260
Intraprovincial migrants	7,220	3,525	3,695	455	200	245
Interprovincial migrants	100	55	45	10	0	10
External migrants	135	70	65	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	114,585	56,505	58,080	14,475	7,165	7,305
Non-movers	77,150	38,605	38,545	10,975	5,450	5,525
Movers	37,435	17,895	19,535	3,500	1,715	1,780
Non-migrants	11,780	5,445	6,325	2,080	1,005	1,075
Migrants	25,655	12,445	13,205	1,420	710	710
Internal migrants	24,855	12,040	12,805	1,370	685	685
Intraprovincial migrants	24,445	11,835	12,610	1,350	675	675
Interprovincial migrants	405	210	195	20	10	15
External migrants	805	400	400	45	25	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. La Vallée-du-Richelieu, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Charlevoix-Est, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
La Vallée-du-Richelieu, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Charlevoix-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec