Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	L'Assomption, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Alberni-Clayoquot A, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , L'Assomption, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : L'Assomption, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	124,759	...	...	243	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	119,840	...	...	192	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.1	...	...	26.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	50,828	...	...	444	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	49,768	...	...	132	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	488.0	...	...	0.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	255.65	...	...	1,621.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	124,760	60,925	63,840	240	150	95
0 to 14 years	21,595	11,050	10,540	5	0	5
0 to 4 years	6,795	3,465	3,325	0	0	0
5 to 9 years	7,905	4,070	3,825	5	0	5
10 to 14 years	6,895	3,515	3,380	0	0	0
15 to 64 years	82,045	40,325	41,725	165	95	65
15 to 19 years	7,490	3,875	3,615	5	0	5
20 to 24 years	7,750	4,040	3,710	20	10	5
25 to 29 years	6,385	3,205	3,180	15	10	5
30 to 34 years	7,035	3,380	3,650	5	5	0
35 to 39 years	8,100	3,865	4,230	15	10	5
40 to 44 years	7,855	3,840	4,020	5	5	0
45 to 49 years	8,260	3,930	4,330	15	5	5
50 to 54 years	10,205	4,985	5,225	30	15	10
55 to 59 years	10,485	5,100	5,385	30	20	10
60 to 64 years	8,495	4,100	4,395	30	10	15
65 years and over	21,120	9,550	11,575	75	50	25
65 to 69 years	7,190	3,410	3,780	40	25	15
70 to 74 years	5,625	2,740	2,895	15	5	5
75 to 79 years	3,615	1,590	2,020	15	10	5
80 to 84 years	2,500	1,055	1,445	0	5	0
85 years and over	2,190	755	1,435	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	1,535	590	945	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	520	140	375	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	125	30	100	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	18.1	16.5	2.1	0.0	5.3
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.2	65.4	68.8	63.3	68.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.7	18.1	31.3	33.3	26.3
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.2	2.1	3.3	5.3
Average age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	52.7	53.7	51.0
Median age of the population	42.5	41.3	43.7	56.8	57.2	56.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	49,765	...	...	130	...	...
Single-detached house	29,550	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,135	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,865	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,535	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	925	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,635	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,610	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	155	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	225	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	49,765	...	...	135	...	...
1 person	12,270	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	18,130	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	8,325	...	...	5	...	...
4 persons	7,410	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	3,640	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	122,955	...	...	215	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	103,165	49,870	53,300	235	145	90
Married or living common law	62,300	31,115	31,190	115	60	55
Married	36,055	17,990	18,065	85	50	35
Living common law	26,245	13,120	13,130	30	15	15
Not married and not living common law	40,865	18,755	22,105	120	85	40
Never married	27,505	14,540	12,960	65	45	20
Separated	1,325	555	775	5	5	0
Divorced	6,600	2,450	4,150	40	30	15
Widowed	5,435	1,215	4,220	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,910	...	...	55	...	...
2 persons	18,660	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	8,210	...	...	5	...	...
4 persons	7,205	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	2,825	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,910	...	...	55	...	...
Total couple families	30,740	...	...	50	...	...
Married couples	17,620	...	...	40	...	...
Common-law couples	13,115	...	...	15	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,175	...	...	0	...	...
Female parent	4,550	...	...	0	...	...
Male parent	1,620	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,740	...	...	50	...	...
Couples without children	15,065	...	...	45	...	...
Couples with children	15,675	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	6,290	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	6,705	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	2,685	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,170	...	...	0	...	...
1 child	3,595	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,930	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	645	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,150	7,830	9,320	90	70	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	49,765	...	...	135	...	...
One-census-family households	35,680	...	...	50	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,610	...	...	45	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,070	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	605	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,480	...	...	80	...	...
One-person households	12,270	...	...	70	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,210	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	123,830	60,605	63,225	245	145	90
English only	295	160	130	225	135	90
French only	74,150	33,530	40,615	0	0	0
English and French	49,135	26,825	22,310	15	5	5
Neither English nor French	250	85	170	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	123,830	60,605	63,225	240	150	95
English	2,380	1,245	1,135	235	145	90
French	119,930	58,600	61,330	5	5	5
English and French	1,285	685	600	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	230	75	155	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,025	1,585	1,435	5	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.4	2.6	2.3	2.1	3.3	5.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	123,830	60,605	63,230	245	150	95
Single responses	122,200	59,765	62,430	235	145	90
Official languages	115,250	56,395	58,855	220	135	90
English	1,760	895	870	215	125	85
French	113,485	55,495	57,990	5	5	5
Non-official languages	6,950	3,375	3,575	20	10	5
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,950	3,370	3,575	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,450	770	675	0	0	0
Berber languages	340	180	160	0	0	0
Kabyle	205	105	100	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	140	75	65	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,105	595	515	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,100	590	510	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	80	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	85	40	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	40	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,430	595	830	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	45	20	25	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,385	580	805	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,415	1,695	1,725	20	10	10
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	200	85	115	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	85	110	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	25	30	5	0	0
Russian	80	30	45	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	15	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	30	25	10	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	10	5	5	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	15	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	60	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,965	1,465	1,500	5	0	5
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	620	355	270	0	0	0
Portuguese	340	155	185	0	0	0
Romanian	220	110	110	0	0	0
Spanish	1,780	840	940	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	225	105	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	20	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	45	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	45	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	30	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	35	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,630	840	795	5	0	0
English and French	595	315	280	5	0	0
English and non-official language	70	45	25	5	0	0
French and non-official language	870	430	440	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	100	50	50	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	123,830	60,605	63,230	245	145	95
Single responses	120,880	59,150	61,725	245	145	95
Official languages	118,365	58,000	60,375	240	145	90
English	1,605	825	780	240	145	95
French	116,760	57,175	59,590	5	0	0
Non-official languages	2,510	1,155	1,350	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,510	1,155	1,355	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	410	195	215	0	0	0
Berber languages	135	60	70	0	0	0
Kabyle	85	35	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	280	135	145	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	280	135	145	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	25	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	380	135	245	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	365	130	235	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,425	680	750	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,255	595	660	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Romanian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Spanish	950	455	495	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,955	1,450	1,500	0	5	0
English and French	720	370	350	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	45	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	1,855	875	975	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	300	160	140	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	123,830	60,605	63,225	240	150	95
None	112,645	54,955	57,690	235	145	90
English	5,160	2,715	2,440	5	0	0
French	1,925	925	1,005	0	0	0
Non-official language	3,505	1,710	1,795	5	5	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,505	1,705	1,795	0	0	5
English and French	100	50	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	390	195	195	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	101,370	49,290	52,080	205	125	80
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	97,380	47,440	49,940	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,446	44,055	31,530	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	97,410	47,440	49,970	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,765	37,608	28,249	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,945	44,565	44,380	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,425	40,638	27,169	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,215	32,035	40,175	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,547	6,500	8,180	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,970	37,585	35,380	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,906	41,013	30,021	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	101,370	49,290	52,085	220	145	70
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	97,320	47,460	49,855	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,179	51,789	36,934	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	97,345	47,465	49,885	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,248	41,540	31,212	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,735	44,535	44,200	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,332	49,259	33,345	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,085	31,985	40,100	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,767	8,268	9,166	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,970	37,580	35,390	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,305	47,515	34,710	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	101,370	49,290	52,080	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	32,455	17,430	15,020	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,329	57,470	43,361	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,218	63,554	47,702	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.3	89.3	80.0	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.2	72.8	66.7	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.7	10.7	20.0	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	101,370	49,285	52,080	x	x	x
Without total income	3,990	1,850	2,140	x	x	x
With total income	97,380	47,435	49,940	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.2	95.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,300	4,205	6,100	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	15,295	5,500	9,790	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	13,715	5,690	8,020	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	12,765	5,845	6,915	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	12,185	5,875	6,305	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	9,590	5,065	4,530	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	6,945	4,155	2,785	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	5,480	3,310	2,170	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	3,690	2,340	1,350	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,225	1,565	660	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	5,205	3,895	1,315	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	3,760	2,775	985	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,445	1,115	330	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	101,370	49,285	52,080	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	3,965	1,850	2,110	x	x	x
With after-tax income	97,405	47,435	49,970	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	95.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,955	4,325	6,630	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	16,160	5,900	10,260	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	16,935	7,270	9,665	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	17,000	8,190	8,810	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	13,860	7,350	6,515	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	9,395	5,570	3,830	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,970	3,720	2,250	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,935	1,970	960	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	4,195	3,135	1,055	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,530	1,110	420	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	840	655	185	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,820	1,370	450	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	101,370	49,290	52,085	x	x	x
Without employment income	28,400	11,700	16,705	x	x	x
With employment income	72,970	37,590	35,380	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	72.0	76.3	67.9	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,800	4,640	4,160	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,230	2,255	2,975	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	9,900	4,200	5,700	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,420	3,580	4,835	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,550	3,735	4,820	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,750	3,615	4,140	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,540	3,640	2,900	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,020	3,110	1,910	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	4,440	2,690	1,755	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	8,315	6,120	2,190	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,735	1,875	865	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,705	1,250	460	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,870	3,005	865	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	49,765	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,714	...	...	46,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,345	...	...	40,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,265	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,466	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,995	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	37,500	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,513	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,299	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	49,765	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,390	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,899	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,270	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,027	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,480	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	37,495	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,579	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,489	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	49,765	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	295	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	335	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	825	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,485	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,915	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,600	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,080	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,075	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,205	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,115	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,205	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,925	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,865	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,520	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,175	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,145	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,310	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,165	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,695	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,975	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	49,770	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	345	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	355	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	845	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,595	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,150	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,995	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,650	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,620	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,760	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,670	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,215	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,955	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,355	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,870	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,285	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,120	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,440	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,470	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,210	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,700	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,391	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,192	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,285	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,984	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,261	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,770	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,083	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,656	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,850	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,602	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,670	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,494	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,349	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,235	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,663	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,772	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,775	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	125,586	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,116	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,850	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,191	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,365	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,850	6,865	7,985	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,451	39,153	30,711	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,493	33,751	27,996	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,850	6,925	7,925	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,351	47,067	36,356	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,246	37,726	31,204	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	122,955	60,335	62,620	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	60,010	28,230	31,780	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	6,075	2,800	3,275	x	x	x
In the second decile	9,935	4,230	5,700	x	x	x
In the third decile	13,335	6,300	7,030	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	14,800	7,135	7,670	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	15,870	7,765	8,100	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	62,940	32,105	30,840	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	16,440	8,295	8,150	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	15,795	7,990	7,805	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	14,205	7,285	6,915	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	10,400	5,345	5,055	x	x	x
In the top decile	6,105	3,185	2,920	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	122,950	60,335	62,620	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	26,000	13,350	12,655	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	8,305	4,245	4,060	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	77,470	37,940	39,530	x	x	x
65 years and over	19,480	9,055	10,430	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,160	4,345	5,810	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,250	1,150	1,100	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	685	340	340	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	5,590	2,480	3,110	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,325	720	1,605	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.3	7.2	9.3	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	8.7	8.6	8.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	8.0	8.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	6.5	7.9	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.9	8.0	15.4	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,215	2,760	3,455	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,195	615	585	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	365	185	180	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	3,950	1,840	2,110	x	x	x
65 years and over	1,065	300	760	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	4.6	5.5	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	4.4	4.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.1	4.8	5.3	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	5.5	3.3	7.3	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	122,955	60,335	62,620	235	160	80
Official languages	122,700	60,275	62,425	235	155	80
English	49,160	26,805	22,355	240	160	80
French	122,410	60,115	62,295	20	15	0
Non-official languages	13,445	6,290	7,150	20	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,440	6,290	7,150	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,175	1,085	1,090	0	0	0
Berber languages	365	185	185	0	0	0
Kabyle	95	45	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	275	140	135	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,950	980	975	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,950	980	975	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	80	85	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	90	55	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	30	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	3,090	1,390	1,700	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	60	35	25	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,025	1,350	1,670	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,210	3,395	3,820	25	10	10
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	270	135	135	0	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	45	40	0	0	10
Russian	135	65	65	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	105	95	15	15	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dutch	25	10	20	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	85	80	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	125	60	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	25	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,685	3,125	3,560	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,420	820	600	0	0	0
Portuguese	570	270	300	0	0	0
Romanian	340	155	180	0	0	0
Spanish	4,665	2,000	2,665	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	480	225	250	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	245	120	125	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	100	45	55	0	0	0
Wolof	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	120	70	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	85	35	55	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	20	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	80	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages	180	75	100	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	60	90	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Lao	90	35	55	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	75	40	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	122,955	60,335	62,620	235	155	80
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	121,240	59,465	61,780	200	145	60
Canadian citizens aged under 18	25,850	13,185	12,670	10	10	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	95,390	46,275	49,105	195	135	55
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,715	875	840	35	15	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	122,955	60,335	62,620	235	160	75
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	114,115	56,110	58,005	165	125	40
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,620	4,090	4,530	45	25	20
Before 1981	1,515	810	700	20	15	10
1981 to 1990	1,150	500	650	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	1,800	845	960	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	3,330	1,510	1,820	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	1,665	765	900	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	1,665	745	920	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	825	425	400	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	225	135	90	25	0	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,620	4,090	4,530	50	30	20
Under 5 years	1,140	535	605	0	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,610	730	880	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,720	775	935	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	3,640	1,825	1,815	15	0	10
45 years and over	515	220	295	20	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,620	4,090	4,530	45	25	20
Americas	3,780	1,680	2,105	20	0	15
Brazil	30	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	145	65	80	0	0	0
El Salvador	115	55	60	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	2,190	955	1,240	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	150	75	75	0	0	0
Peru	245	105	140	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	195	75	120	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	695	335	365	10	0	0
Europe	1,795	1,015	775	30	20	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	600	365	235	0	0	0
Germany	45	20	20	10	10	0
Greece	35	20	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	275	190	85	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	45	15	30	0	0	10
Portugal	210	115	90	0	0	0
Romania	205	105	105	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	15	15	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	285	140	140	10	0	0
Africa	2,360	1,155	1,200	0	0	0
Algeria	740	375	360	0	0	0
Egypt	45	25	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	745	375	370	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	830	385	445	0	0	0
Asia	680	235	450	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	240	35	200	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	0	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	30	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	230	115	115	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	825	425	400	0	0	0
Americas	430	215	215	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	60	20	35	0	0	0
Haiti	265	135	130	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	40	30	0	0	0
Europe	85	60	25	0	0	0
France	65	45	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	275	130	145	0	0	0
Algeria	100	55	45	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	95	35	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	15	30	0	0	0
Asia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	122,955	60,335	62,615	235	155	75
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,035	4,335	4,700	75	35	35
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	9,640	4,905	4,730	25	20	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	104,280	51,095	53,190	135	100	35
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	7,255	3,350	3,910	25	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,170	1,590	1,580	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,375	890	490	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,795	700	1,090	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,930	1,225	1,705	15	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,060	470	585	0	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	95	60	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	122,955	60,335	62,620	235	155	80
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,300	630	670	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,215	600	615	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	580	270	310	10	10	0
Métis	635	330	305	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	121,660	59,705	61,955	230	150	80
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	122,955	60,335	62,620	240	155	80
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	305	140	160	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	122,650	60,195	62,455	225	150	75
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	122,955	60,335	62,620	235	155	75
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	940	460	480	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	930	460	470	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	740	335	400	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	175	115	55	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,215	1,465	1,750	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,125	1,415	1,710	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,800	1,275	1,530	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	305	135	170	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	90	50	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	50	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	118,800	58,410	60,390	225	145	80
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	122,955	60,335	62,620	235	160	80
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,125	5,335	5,790	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese	310	75	235	0	0	0
Black	6,650	3,225	3,430	10	10	10
Filipino	55	15	35	0	0	0
Latin American	1,585	735	855	0	0	0
Arab	1,715	885	825	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	405	200	200	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Korean	30	25	10	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	180	75	100	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	111,825	55,000	56,830	230	150	75
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	122,950	60,335	62,620	240	160	80
North American Aboriginal origins	4,155	1,925	2,230	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,635	1,660	1,975	10	15	0
Inuit	50	15	35	0	0	0
Métis	570	300	275	0	0	0
Other North American origins	87,030	42,570	44,460	60	35	25
Acadian	445	220	215	0	0	0
American	605	310	305	15	10	10
Canadian	83,530	40,765	42,765	40	30	10
New Brunswicker	25	20	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	3,490	1,745	1,745	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	41,910	20,870	21,045	205	130	70
British Isles origins	8,365	4,120	4,245	150	95	55
Channel Islander	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,750	805	945	105	65	40
Irish	5,545	2,685	2,860	45	30	15
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,895	975	920	70	30	35
Welsh	15	10	10	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	170	105	65	10	0	0
French origins	29,065	14,380	14,680	15	10	0
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	175	65	110	0	0	0
Corsican	30	20	10	0	0	0
French	28,905	14,325	14,585	15	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,615	1,300	1,310	70	40	30
Austrian	55	15	35	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	945	480	460	10	10	0
Dutch	120	55	65	25	10	20
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,300	625	670	35	30	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swiss	305	165	135	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	175	70	105	10	10	0
Danish	50	15	30	10	10	0
Finnish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	10	10	0
Swedish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,535	810	725	10	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	180	95	90	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	55	35	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	55	20	30	0	0	0
Polish	510	270	240	0	0	0
Romanian	380	180	205	0	0	0
Russian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	285	165	125	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,240	3,590	3,655	25	20	10
Albanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	315	180	130	0	0	0
Italian	5,005	2,495	2,510	25	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	915	465	450	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,320	660	655	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	170	75	90	0	0	0
Basque	35	20	20	0	0	0
Jewish	60	25	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	75	30	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	5,150	2,520	2,630	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuban	215	105	110	0	0	0
Dominican	225	105	125	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian	4,715	2,315	2,400	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	30	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,210	1,045	1,165	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	45	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	135	75	55	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	105	30	75	0	0	0
Chilean	220	115	105	10	10	0
Colombian	300	145	155	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	60	15	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	170	80	90	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	0	25	0	0	0
Honduran	85	35	50	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	300	140	160	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	65	30	40	0	0	0
Panamanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	395	160	240	0	0	0
Salvadorean	195	90	110	0	0	0
Uruguayan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	60	50	0	0	0
African origins	4,425	2,135	2,290	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	990	460	530	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	60	20	35	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Beninese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	490	205	285	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	65	45	20	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	100	70	30	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	20	25	0	0	0
North African origins	2,495	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Algerian	820	395	420	0	0	0
Berber	425	220	195	0	0	0
Coptic	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dinka	15	10	15	0	0	0
Egyptian	130	75	50	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,005	505	495	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	190	105	85	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	235	95	140	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Burundian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	765	325	440	0	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	30	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	755	330	435	10	10	0
Asian origins	1,865	875	990	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	890	465	415	0	0	0
Afghan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	360	200	160	0	0	0
Armenian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	70	90	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	130	70	55	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	20	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	100	65	40	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	40	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	880	350	530	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	125	75	55	0	0	0
Chinese	420	140	280	0	0	0
Filipino	60	20	35	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	125	50	70	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	70	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
Owner	37,700	...	...	105	...	...
Renter	12,070	...	...	40	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
Condominium	6,620	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	43,150	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
No bedrooms	100	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,260	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,885	...	...	80	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,280	...	...	20	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,250	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	49,765	...	...	145	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,290	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	7,080	...	...	20	...	...
6 rooms	6,210	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	7,820	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,370	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
One person or fewer per room	49,555	...	...	140	...	...
More than 1 person per room	215	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
Suitable	48,645	...	...	140	...	...
Not suitable	1,125	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
1960 or before	4,440	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,935	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,805	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,160	...	...	40	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,970	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,475	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,990	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	49,765	...	...	145	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	47,750	...	...	120	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,020	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	49,770	...	...	145	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,390	...	...	100	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,940	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	440	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	49,765	...	...	145	...	...
15 to 24 years	955	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,055	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,065	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,530	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,920	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,680	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,545	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,020	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	49,650	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	40,865	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,785	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,090	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,625	...	...	105	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	68.0	...	...	38.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.9	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,158	...	...	385	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,169	...	...	700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,517	...	...	424,542	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	272,385	...	...	456,793	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,065	...	...	40	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.0	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	768	...	...	637	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	832	...	...	592	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	101,370	49,290	52,080	215	150	70
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,435	9,855	9,575	15	15	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,515	11,295	13,225	50	25	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	57,420	28,140	29,285	145	110	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,200	12,890	8,310	55	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15,350	8,060	7,290	25	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,850	4,830	1,025	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,545	7,785	10,765	20	15	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,825	1,490	2,345	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,850	5,975	7,870	65	40	25
Bachelor's degree	10,225	4,230	5,990	30	25	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,230	540	695	20	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	410	225	185	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,785	890	895	20	10	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	205	100	110	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	66,660	32,250	34,410	125	75	50
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,135	4,535	3,600	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,050	6,605	7,450	35	15	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,475	21,115	23,360	80	60	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,595	9,720	6,870	25	20	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	12,065	6,005	6,060	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,535	3,725	810	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,500	5,575	7,925	15	10	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,960	1,160	1,800	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,415	4,650	6,765	40	20	20
Bachelor's degree	8,495	3,335	5,160	20	15	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	955	395	560	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	140	180	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,480	690	785	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	85	80	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	101,370	49,290	52,085	215	145	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	43,950	21,150	22,800	70	35	30
Education	4,475	890	3,590	15	10	0
13. Education	4,475	890	3,590	15	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,945	915	1,030	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	450	370	75	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,495	540	955	0	0	0
Humanities	2,405	955	1,455	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	160	20	140	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	30	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,665	665	995	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	45	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	65	40	0	10	0
54. History	140	80	60	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	240	75	165	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,400	1,115	3,285	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	450	170	285	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,365	40	1,325	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	930	265	670	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	40	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	660	175	485	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	850	435	420	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	13,070	4,635	8,440	15	15	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	615	150	465	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,445	4,485	7,960	15	15	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,555	915	645	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	345	145	200	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	170	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	345	135	205	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	370	290	80	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	250	170	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,110	1,460	650	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,875	1,365	505	0	0	0
25. Library science	130	15	115	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	65	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,790	13,030	760	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	315	205	110	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,225	1,095	130	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,740	2,475	260	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,100	4,005	95	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,085	3,025	60	15	10	0
48. Precision production	2,320	2,225	90	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	630	420	210	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	470	310	165	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	115	45	0	10	0
Health and related fields	7,925	1,295	6,635	10	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	385	190	190	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,465	1,065	6,400	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	35	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,110	2,510	2,605	25	15	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,705	500	2,205	20	15	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,395	1,080	310	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,015	930	85	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	66,660	32,255	34,410	130	75	50
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,185	11,135	11,050	40	20	20
Education	3,155	580	2,575	0	0	0
13. Education	3,160	580	2,580	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,480	660	820	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	345	280	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,130	380	745	0	0	0
Humanities	1,470	570	900	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	15	125	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	945	400	545	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	30	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	40	25	0	0	0
54. History	90	40	50	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	165	50	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,700	870	2,835	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	130	225	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,215	30	1,185	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	755	195	560	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	20	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	555	140	420	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	720	350	370	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,355	3,395	6,955	15	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	485	120	360	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,860	3,275	6,590	10	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	970	610	355	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	120	170	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	100	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	305	230	75	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	210	155	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,750	1,195	550	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,555	1,125	430	0	0	0
25. Library science	120	20	105	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	50	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,565	9,905	660	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	265	170	100	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,050	925	115	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,065	1,840	230	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,950	2,865	85	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,405	2,355	50	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,835	1,750	85	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	510	315	195	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	385	240	145	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	75	45	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,375	980	5,395	10	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	320	150	165	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,010	820	5,190	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	10	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,135	2,025	2,110	15	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,150	365	1,785	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,085	835	250	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	900	820	80	0	10	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	101,370	49,285	52,085	220	150	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,950	21,155	22,795	70	40	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	57,420	28,135	29,285	145	110	40
Location of study inside Canada	55,635	27,105	28,530	115	85	35
Same as province or territory of residence	54,975	26,755	28,225	65	40	20
Different than province or territory of residence	665	355	305	50	45	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,780	1,030	755	35	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	135	95	40	10	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	320	230	95	0	0	0
Other	1,265	685	580	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	66,660	32,250	34,410	125	75	50
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,190	11,135	11,050	40	20	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,470	21,110	23,360	85	60	25
Location of study inside Canada	42,945	20,245	22,700	70	50	20
Same as province or territory of residence	42,480	20,000	22,475	40	20	15
Different than province or territory of residence	465	245	220	30	25	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,530	865	665	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	65	20	0	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	25	0	0	0
France	235	160	70	0	0	0
Other	1,155	620	535	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	101,370	49,290	52,080	220	145	70
In the labour force	67,125	34,400	32,730	115	80	35
Employed	63,280	32,110	31,160	110	80	30
Unemployed	3,845	2,280	1,560	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	34,245	14,890	19,355	105	65	35
Participation rate	66.2	69.8	62.8	52.3	55.2	50.0
Employment rate	62.4	65.1	59.8	50.0	55.2	42.9
Unemployment rate	5.7	6.6	4.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	101,370	49,290	52,080	220	145	70
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	32,325	13,780	18,550	70	50	25
Worked	69,045	35,510	33,535	145	100	45
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	32,945	17,800	15,145	45	30	10
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	36,100	17,715	18,385	105	70	40
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.3	43.4	34.1	36.4	29.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	67,120	34,395	32,725	115	85	30
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,415	645	765	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65,705	33,745	31,960	115	85	35
Employee	58,680	29,405	29,275	80	55	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,025	4,345	2,685	35	30	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	67,120	34,395	32,725	115	85	30
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,415	645	765	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65,710	33,750	31,960	115	85	30
0 Management occupations	6,095	3,895	2,200	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,000	3,285	7,710	20	10	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,520	2,750	770	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	5,175	800	4,380	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,055	2,020	6,035	10	10	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,505	750	755	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	15,385	6,625	8,765	35	25	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,635	11,025	615	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	545	460	85	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,790	2,135	655	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	67,125	34,400	32,725	115	85	30
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,415	650	765	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65,710	33,745	31,960	120	80	35
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	450	300	150	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	75	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	565	430	140	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,870	5,230	640	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,560	5,030	1,525	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,530	1,720	805	0	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	9,135	4,210	4,925	10	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,170	2,415	755	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,345	830	520	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,610	925	1,690	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	980	665	315	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,500	1,830	1,670	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	0	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,520	1,570	950	0	0	0
61 Educational services	4,770	1,130	3,645	25	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	9,660	1,500	8,155	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,210	595	610	15	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,665	1,545	2,120	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,105	1,575	1,530	10	0	0
91 Public administration	3,940	2,175	1,755	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	63,275	32,115	31,165	115	85	25
Worked at home	3,375	1,730	1,645	15	10	0
Worked outside Canada	105	65	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,505	5,110	1,395	30	35	0
Worked at usual place	53,285	25,205	28,080	60	40	20
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	53,290	25,205	28,080	60	40	25
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,245	4,815	7,435	40	20	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,630	2,300	3,335	10	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	35,325	18,055	17,275	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	85	40	45	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	59,795	30,315	29,480	95	75	25
Car, truck, van - as a driver	51,555	27,025	24,530	50	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,050	780	1,275	0	0	0
Public transit	3,730	1,495	2,240	0	0	0
Walked	1,825	650	1,175	10	0	0
Bicycle	245	195	55	0	0	0
Other method	385	180	210	35	30	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	59,790	30,315	29,475	95	75	20
Less than 15 minutes	12,870	5,290	7,585	60	40	15
15 to 29 minutes	15,690	7,305	8,385	15	10	0
30 to 44 minutes	14,020	7,860	6,165	15	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	7,255	4,360	2,895	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	9,955	5,505	4,455	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	59,790	30,315	29,475	95	70	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,065	6,180	1,885	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,540	6,845	5,695	20	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,330	5,940	8,385	20	10	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,290	3,165	6,120	30	25	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,110	1,950	3,160	15	20	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,465	6,235	4,230	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	70,865	36,350	34,510	145	100	45
Single responses	67,950	34,665	33,285	145	100	50
Official languages	67,880	34,635	33,250	150	100	45
English	1,990	1,240	745	150	100	50
French	65,895	33,390	32,500	0	0	0
Non-official languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,915	1,685	1,230	0	0	0
English and French	2,715	1,610	1,105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	100	40	60	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	30	55	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	70,865	36,350	34,515	150	100	50
None	53,820	26,335	27,485	145	95	45
English	14,900	8,755	6,150	0	0	0
French	1,510	940	570	10	0	0
Non-official language	365	185	180	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	360	190	175	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	100	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	121,760	59,660	62,100	240	155	80
Non-movers	109,705	53,940	55,765	180	125	55
Movers	12,055	5,725	6,330	60	35	25
Non-migrants	5,295	2,530	2,765	20	20	0
Migrants	6,760	3,195	3,565	35	10	20
Internal migrants	6,595	3,105	3,490	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	6,535	3,075	3,455	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	55	30	25	0	0	0
External migrants	165	90	75	25	10	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	116,165	56,775	59,385	235	155	80
Non-movers	77,750	38,370	39,380	150	105	45
Movers	38,410	18,410	20,005	85	50	40
Non-migrants	17,270	8,265	9,010	35	30	10
Migrants	21,140	10,145	10,995	50	20	30
Internal migrants	20,465	9,800	10,670	25	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	20,335	9,740	10,595	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	130	55	70	0	0	0
External migrants	675	350	325	30	10	25

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. L'Assomption, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Alberni-Clayoquot A, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census L'Assomption, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia