Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	L'Assomption, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			South Shore--St. Margarets Nova Scotia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	22,429	...	...	91,830	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	20,065	...	...	92,561	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.8	...	...	-0.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,932	...	...	49,931	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,736	...	...	40,529	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	226.6	...	...	10.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	98.99	...	...	8,474.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	22,430	11,060	11,370	91,830	45,070	46,760
0 to 14 years	4,400	2,230	2,170	12,225	6,320	5,900
0 to 4 years	1,580	785	795	3,695	1,900	1,790
5 to 9 years	1,610	850	760	4,175	2,170	2,000
10 to 14 years	1,210	595	615	4,360	2,250	2,110
15 to 64 years	14,815	7,335	7,480	57,730	28,440	29,295
15 to 19 years	1,330	695	635	4,715	2,470	2,250
20 to 24 years	1,345	680	670	3,840	2,005	1,835
25 to 29 years	1,365	670	690	3,715	1,860	1,855
30 to 34 years	1,630	790	830	4,090	1,940	2,155
35 to 39 years	1,650	835	820	4,595	2,210	2,385
40 to 44 years	1,375	680	700	5,675	2,740	2,935
45 to 49 years	1,370	650	715	6,500	3,200	3,305
50 to 54 years	1,715	840	880	8,045	3,950	4,090
55 to 59 years	1,695	845	850	8,545	4,210	4,335
60 to 64 years	1,335	650	690	8,005	3,855	4,155
65 years and over	3,215	1,495	1,720	21,875	10,310	11,560
65 to 69 years	1,180	585	590	7,715	3,795	3,920
70 to 74 years	820	420	400	5,475	2,750	2,725
75 to 79 years	535	230	300	3,680	1,765	1,910
80 to 84 years	355	160	195	2,545	1,125	1,425
85 years and over	335	95	230	2,455	875	1,590
85 to 89 years	210	70	140	1,485	590	895
90 to 94 years	90	25	65	720	235	490
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	205	45	165
100 years and over	5	0	5	40	5	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.6	20.2	19.1	13.3	14.0	12.6
15 to 64 years	66.0	66.3	65.8	62.9	63.1	62.6
65 years and over	14.3	13.5	15.1	23.8	22.9	24.7
85 years and over	1.5	0.9	2.0	2.7	1.9	3.4
Average age of the population	38.8	38.1	39.5	46.5	45.6	47.3
Median age of the population	38.5	37.9	39.1	50.4	49.7	51.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,740	...	...	40,530	...	...
Single-detached house	5,275	...	...	34,850	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	70	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,265	...	...	3,835	...	...
Semi-detached house	715	...	...	645	...	...
Row house	130	...	...	330	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	465	...	...	455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,870	...	...	2,315	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	85	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	190	...	...	1,775	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,735	...	...	40,530	...	...
1 person	2,085	...	...	10,910	...	...
2 persons	3,025	...	...	17,600	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	5,915	...	...
4 persons	1,405	...	...	4,415	...	...
5 or more persons	655	...	...	1,695	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,015	...	...	90,610	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,030	8,830	9,200	79,605	38,745	40,855
Married or living common law	11,010	5,500	5,510	51,200	25,605	25,595
Married	5,515	2,750	2,765	42,145	21,080	21,070
Living common law	5,495	2,750	2,750	9,055	4,525	4,525
Not married and not living common law	7,025	3,335	3,690	28,405	13,145	15,260
Never married	4,790	2,555	2,235	15,685	8,815	6,875
Separated	245	100	150	2,200	1,005	1,190
Divorced	1,155	475	675	4,650	2,085	2,565
Widowed	830	200	635	5,870	1,240	4,625
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,535	...	...	29,145	...	...
2 persons	3,110	...	...	18,100	...	...
3 persons	1,525	...	...	5,745	...	...
4 persons	1,375	...	...	4,065	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,540	...	...	29,145	...	...
Total couple families	5,425	...	...	25,335	...	...
Married couples	2,680	...	...	20,805	...	...
Common-law couples	2,745	...	...	4,525	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,110	...	...	3,815	...	...
Female parent	780	...	...	2,935	...	...
Male parent	325	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,425	...	...	25,330	...	...
Couples without children	2,475	...	...	15,640	...	...
Couples with children	2,950	...	...	9,690	...	...
1 child	1,165	...	...	4,695	...	...
2 children	1,285	...	...	3,830	...	...
3 or more children	505	...	...	1,165	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...	3,815	...	...
1 child	635	...	...	2,460	...	...
2 children	360	...	...	1,050	...	...
3 or more children	110	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,935	1,410	1,525	14,400	6,610	7,790
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,740	...	...	40,525	...	...
One-census-family households	6,330	...	...	28,170	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,385	...	...	15,215	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,940	...	...	12,955	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	105	...	...	480	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,310	...	...	11,875	...	...
One-person households	2,090	...	...	10,910	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	220	...	...	965	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	22,220	10,990	11,230	90,875	44,745	46,130
English only	40	25	15	84,325	41,950	42,375
French only	14,460	6,770	7,695	20	10	10
English and French	7,710	4,195	3,515	6,450	2,740	3,710
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	80	40	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	22,220	10,985	11,235	90,875	44,745	46,130
English	255	120	130	89,600	44,125	45,475
French	21,855	10,805	11,055	1,100	535	565
English and French	100	60	45	105	50	55
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	70	40	35
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	300	150	150	1,155	555	595
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	22,220	10,985	11,230	90,875	44,745	46,130
Single responses	22,010	10,880	11,130	90,475	44,570	45,905
Official languages	21,475	10,595	10,880	88,745	43,700	45,040
English	205	90	115	87,575	43,140	44,430
French	21,270	10,505	10,765	1,170	560	615
Non-official languages	535	285	250	1,730	870	860
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	535	285	255	1,710	855	855
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	25	135	75	55
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	130	75	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	20	125	75	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	45	60	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	305	170	140	1,240	640	605
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	215	90	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Slavic languages	20	10	15	205	90	115
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	50	15	30
Russian	5	5	5	80	35	45
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	745	400	340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	5
Dutch	0	0	0	135	65	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	525	280	245
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	5	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	65	40	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	140	120	195	90	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	45	30	15
Portuguese	40	15	20	35	20	25
Romanian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Spanish	180	100	80	95	35	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	30	15	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	105	50	60
Chinese languages	10	5	5	110	50	60
Cantonese	5	5	5	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	50	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	15	0	10
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	45	15	30
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	5	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	210	110	100	400	175	225
English and French	115	60	55	195	85	115
English and non-official language	5	5	0	185	80	100
French and non-official language	85	45	40	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	22,220	10,985	11,235	90,875	44,745	46,130
Single responses	21,905	10,830	11,075	90,390	44,510	45,880
Official languages	21,750	10,750	11,005	89,815	44,220	45,590
English	135	70	70	89,545	44,090	45,455
French	21,610	10,680	10,935	265	125	140
Non-official languages	160	85	70	575	290	285
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	85	75	575	290	285
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	90	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	90	45	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	80	45	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	35	355	180	175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	60	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	55	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	15	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	40	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	215	110	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	180	95	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	25	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	30	45	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	15	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	30	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	20	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	45	25	25
Chinese languages	10	5	5	45	30	20
Cantonese	5	0	5	10	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	0	5	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	315	160	155	485	235	255
English and French	95	55	40	140	60	80
English and non-official language	5	0	0	305	150	155
French and non-official language	165	85	85	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	50	25	25	30	15	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	22,220	10,990	11,230	90,875	44,745	46,135
None	20,920	10,315	10,605	88,715	43,795	44,925
English	830	430	400	430	205	220
French	140	70	70	970	390	575
Non-official language	280	135	140	720	330	395
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	280	140	140	700	315	380
English and French	5	0	5	5	5	0
English and non-official language	40	30	10	5	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,615	8,675	8,945	78,390	38,295	40,095
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,940	8,355	8,585	75,535	37,040	38,495
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,183	43,362	31,145	30,392	38,655	24,131
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,945	8,360	8,585	75,570	37,045	38,530
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,629	37,107	27,984	27,522	33,958	22,536
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,505	7,880	7,625	65,380	33,115	32,270
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,096	40,328	26,373	28,106	35,644	21,725
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,630	5,655	6,980	57,125	26,145	30,985
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,217	6,072	8,002	8,559	10,050	7,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,090	6,745	6,345	50,555	26,320	24,240
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,789	41,827	28,869	28,313	35,260	23,044
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,615	8,685	8,935	78,355	38,285	40,065
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,955	8,375	8,575	75,445	36,995	38,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,029	50,308	35,916	41,405	51,297	31,889
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,955	8,380	8,580	75,495	36,990	38,500
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,506	40,444	30,683	34,061	41,186	27,215
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,430	7,890	7,535	65,175	33,080	32,095
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,099	47,579	32,267	39,801	49,297	30,016
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,645	5,680	6,965	57,135	26,135	30,995
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,770	8,124	9,296	9,273	10,215	8,479
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,090	6,760	6,325	50,530	26,410	24,125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,267	46,575	33,521	38,694	46,496	30,152
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,615	8,685	8,935	78,355	38,290	40,070
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,785	3,150	2,635	22,250	12,210	10,045
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,142	57,368	42,795	46,706	52,909	41,086
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,590	61,053	46,858	56,103	63,383	47,256
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.9	89.2	79.2	82.7	85.6	78.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.4	75.4	68.3	63.2	65.7	59.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.1	10.8	20.8	17.3	14.4	21.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,615	8,675	8,945	78,395	38,295	40,100
Without total income	680	315	360	2,865	1,255	1,605
With total income	16,940	8,360	8,585	75,530	37,040	38,490
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.4	96.0	96.3	96.7	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,755	725	1,025	10,510	3,920	6,590
$10,000 to $19,999	2,640	940	1,695	14,535	5,285	9,250
$20,000 to $29,999	2,485	1,055	1,430	12,285	5,170	7,115
$30,000 to $39,999	2,280	1,085	1,195	9,840	4,785	5,055
$40,000 to $49,999	2,130	1,035	1,095	7,800	4,300	3,500
$50,000 to $59,999	1,665	900	775	5,710	3,505	2,205
$60,000 to $69,999	1,200	730	470	4,010	2,650	1,355
$70,000 to $79,999	960	575	385	3,180	2,045	1,140
$80,000 to $89,999	680	455	225	2,375	1,455	920
$90,000 to $99,999	355	255	105	1,420	970	450
$100,000 and over	790	605	185	3,875	2,960	910
$100,000 to $149,999	580	445	135	2,690	2,010	680
$150,000 and over	210	160	55	1,175	950	230
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,615	8,675	8,940	78,390	38,295	40,095
Without after-tax income	670	320	360	2,825	1,255	1,570
With after-tax income	16,945	8,360	8,585	75,570	37,040	38,525
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	96.0	96.4	96.7	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,835	750	1,085	11,070	4,020	7,045
$10,000 to $19,999	2,790	1,010	1,785	15,430	5,645	9,785
$20,000 to $29,999	3,105	1,370	1,735	14,530	6,375	8,155
$30,000 to $39,999	2,965	1,470	1,500	11,810	6,150	5,660
$40,000 to $49,999	2,455	1,325	1,130	8,325	5,050	3,270
$50,000 to $59,999	1,615	975	635	5,435	3,605	1,835
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075	660	420	3,685	2,290	1,390
$70,000 to $79,999	485	345	140	1,985	1,360	625
$80,000 and over	610	455	155	3,295	2,540	760
$80,000 to $89,999	215	155	60	1,075	820	255
$90,000 to $99,999	115	95	20	650	475	175
$100,000 and over	280	205	70	1,575	1,245	330
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,615	8,675	8,940	78,390	38,295	40,095
Without employment income	4,525	1,930	2,595	27,835	11,975	15,860
With employment income	13,090	6,745	6,345	50,560	26,320	24,235
Percentage with employment income	74.3	77.8	71.0	64.5	68.7	60.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,475	735	745	7,860	3,875	3,990
$5,000 to $9,999	970	400	570	4,370	1,800	2,575
$10,000 to $19,999	1,805	750	1,055	7,515	3,160	4,360
$20,000 to $29,999	1,540	635	905	6,545	2,930	3,615
$30,000 to $39,999	1,635	735	900	5,620	2,655	2,955
$40,000 to $49,999	1,375	685	690	4,560	2,485	2,075
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	665	505	3,630	2,245	1,385
$60,000 to $69,999	920	605	310	2,685	1,790	895
$70,000 to $79,999	810	500	315	2,270	1,405	865
$80,000 and over	1,385	1,040	345	5,495	3,970	1,520
$80,000 to $89,999	515	365	150	1,815	1,095	715
$90,000 to $99,999	280	215	65	1,070	760	305
$100,000 and over	585	455	135	2,610	2,115	495
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,735	...	...	40,525	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,159	...	...	59,803	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,746	...	...	52,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,085	...	...	10,910	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,127	...	...	27,385	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,144	...	...	25,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,650	...	...	29,620	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,218	...	...	73,957	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,737	...	...	64,083	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,506	...	...	77,066	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,925	...	...	63,436	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,105	...	...	10,950	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,504	...	...	40,347	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,017	...	...	33,341	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,630	...	...	29,585	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,502	...	...	90,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,673	...	...	74,576	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,740	...	...	40,530	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	505	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	660	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	995	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	2,170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	360	...	...	2,215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	2,060	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	370	...	...	2,370	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	380	...	...	2,095	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	385	...	...	1,970	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	385	...	...	1,870	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	3,405	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	690	...	...	3,145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	725	...	...	2,860	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	655	...	...	2,465	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	2,055	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,725	...	...	9,680	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,120	...	...	3,785	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	720	...	...	2,340	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	585	...	...	2,200	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,735	...	...	40,530	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	560	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	670	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	1,020	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	300	...	...	2,295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	415	...	...	2,485	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	2,380	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	475	...	...	2,725	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	455	...	...	2,470	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	480	...	...	2,290	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	475	...	...	2,250	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	885	...	...	4,240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	905	...	...	3,710	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	805	...	...	3,055	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	695	...	...	2,450	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	1,910	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,670	...	...	6,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	960	...	...	3,100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	385	...	...	1,475	...	...
$150,000 and over	325	...	...	1,440	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,495	...	...	28,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,225	...	...	73,827	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,705	...	...	63,954	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,330	...	...	14,930	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,247	...	...	66,831	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,547	...	...	58,284	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,965	...	...	9,855	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,616	...	...	100,061	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,765	...	...	84,148	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	3,530	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,240	...	...	44,239	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,000	...	...	41,288	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,475	...	...	28,885	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,425	...	...	90,533	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,526	...	...	74,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,335	...	...	14,950	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,008	...	...	81,734	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,698	...	...	67,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,970	...	...	9,810	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,833	...	...	117,883	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,211	...	...	95,286	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,030	...	...	3,570	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,175	...	...	52,703	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,709	...	...	46,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,550	1,245	1,310	13,100	6,125	6,970
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,175	39,275	27,968	26,771	30,610	24,523
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,419	33,760	25,728	24,862	27,456	23,410
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,570	1,285	1,285	13,115	6,135	6,975
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,899	46,524	35,266	38,795	43,390	34,752
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,913	37,581	30,241	32,195	34,562	30,112
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,610	44,610	45,995
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,270	5,370	5,895	53,300	25,505	27,800
In the bottom decile	1,185	530	655	8,640	4,060	4,575
In the second decile	1,875	815	1,060	12,650	5,705	6,945
In the third decile	2,440	1,175	1,270	10,745	5,185	5,565
In the fourth decile	2,820	1,375	1,445	10,680	5,275	5,410
In the fifth decile	2,950	1,480	1,470	10,585	5,275	5,310
In the top half of the distribution	10,745	5,530	5,215	37,305	19,110	18,195
In the sixth decile	2,980	1,510	1,460	9,525	4,860	4,665
In the seventh decile	2,810	1,430	1,375	8,860	4,525	4,335
In the eighth decile	2,465	1,280	1,190	7,765	3,990	3,775
In the ninth decile	1,665	860	805	6,470	3,300	3,170
In the top decile	830	440	385	4,690	2,440	2,250
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,440	44,530	45,915
0 to 17 years	5,180	2,640	2,540	15,055	7,770	7,280
0 to 5 years	1,900	950	950	4,520	2,340	2,180
18 to 64 years	13,980	6,890	7,085	54,440	26,725	27,720
65 years and over	2,855	1,375	1,485	20,940	10,035	10,910
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,985	855	1,125	15,445	7,050	8,395
0 to 17 years	440	215	225	3,020	1,560	1,460
0 to 5 years	145	60	85	1,115	560	555
18 to 64 years	1,110	495	620	8,045	3,720	4,330
65 years and over	430	145	285	4,375	1,775	2,610
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.0	7.8	10.1	17.1	15.8	18.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	8.1	8.9	20.1	20.1	20.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	6.3	8.9	24.7	23.9	25.5
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.2	8.8	14.8	13.9	15.6
65 years and over (%)	15.1	10.5	19.2	20.9	17.7	23.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	665	310	360	4,695	2,310	2,385
0 to 17 years	120	50	65	985	550	440
0 to 5 years	35	10	25	320	180	140
18 to 64 years	510	245	270	3,395	1,625	1,770
65 years and over	35	15	20	310	135	175
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.8	3.2	5.2	5.2	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	1.9	2.6	6.5	7.1	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.1	2.6	7.1	7.7	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.8	6.2	6.1	6.4
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.5	1.3	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	22,010	10,905	11,110	90,585	44,605	45,985
Official languages	22,000	10,905	11,095	90,515	44,550	45,970
English	7,680	4,175	3,510	90,500	44,545	45,955
French	21,965	10,880	11,085	6,460	2,715	3,750
Non-official languages	1,280	630	655	2,880	1,390	1,490
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,275	630	650	2,865	1,385	1,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	35	215	115	105
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	50	30	220	120	105
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	50	30	190	100	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	20	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	220	100	120	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	210	95	115	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	30	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	30	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	935	465	470	2,145	1,045	1,100
Albanian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	0	280	135	145
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	25	10	275	130	145
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	65	35	30
Russian	15	10	0	110	55	55
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	1,125	565	555
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	50	35
Danish	0	0	0	40	25	10
Dutch	0	0	0	195	70	125
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	30	15	15	790	415	375
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	30	10	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	115	65	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	10	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	880	435	445	660	300	360
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	95	45	100	50	50
Portuguese	60	20	45	60	30	25
Romanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	690	325	370	525	225	300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	20	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	135	45	95
American Sign Language	0	0	0	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	95	40	55
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	155	90	65
Chinese languages	10	10	0	150	90	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	115	65	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,590	44,600	45,985
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	21,870	10,815	11,060	88,805	43,715	45,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,110	2,565	2,540	14,845	7,665	7,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,765	8,245	8,515	73,960	36,050	37,910
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	140	90	50	1,780	885	895
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,585	44,605	45,985
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,265	10,525	10,740	85,715	42,190	43,525
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	715	360	355	4,670	2,285	2,385
Before 1981	105	60	45	2,265	1,130	1,130
1981 to 1990	70	25	45	440	230	210
1991 to 2000	180	95	85	500	235	265
2001 to 2010	300	145	155	910	410	500
2001 to 2005	140	60	80	340	130	215
2006 to 2010	155	80	75	565	280	285
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	60	30	25	560	280	280
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	35	20	10	205	125	80
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	715	360	355	4,670	2,285	2,385
Under 5 years	135	65	70	715	325	390
5 to 14 years	165	75	90	805	375	420
15 to 24 years	115	50	65	835	405	430
25 to 44 years	265	155	105	1,770	895	880
45 years and over	40	15	30	545	285	265
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	710	360	350	4,670	2,285	2,390
Americas	345	175	175	1,275	580	695
Brazil	10	10	0	20	10	20
Colombia	40	20	20	20	0	10
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	140	60	80	0	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mexico	25	20	10	30	10	20
Peru	10	0	10	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	25	1,090	520	565
Other places of birth in Americas	90	55	40	75	35	40
Europe	170	90	75	2,650	1,355	1,295
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	70	35	30	65	45	20
Germany	0	0	0	365	190	175
Greece	10	0	0	15	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	35	15
Italy	25	25	0	40	25	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	175	65	110
Poland	10	10	0	60	35	25
Portugal	10	0	10	10	0	10
Romania	10	10	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	10	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	10	0	10	30	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,555	795	765
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	20	210	120	95
Africa	155	85	65	120	65	55
Algeria	25	15	10	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	35	25	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	100	55	40
Other places of birth in Africa	95	50	45	20	10	10
Asia	45	15	30	555	255	305
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	0	25	110	20	90
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	60	35	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	25	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	65	45	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	10	0	30	0	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	35	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	95	50	45
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	35	25	560	280	280
Americas	25	15	10	100	50	55
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	70	40	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	10	0	275	130	145
France	10	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	175	80	90
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	40	10	30
Africa	20	10	15	25	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	0	10	0	150	75	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	22,015	10,905	11,105	90,590	44,605	45,985
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	775	405	370	5,240	2,630	2,610
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	975	480	495	5,625	2,820	2,805
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,260	10,020	10,240	79,725	39,150	40,570
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	605	305	305	2,445	1,170	1,275
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	250	115	135	1,440	720	725
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	100	55	45	640	405	235
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	155	70	90	800	315	485
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	230	125	105	875	380	495
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	105	45	55	115	65	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,585	44,600	45,980
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	265	150	115	4,545	2,265	2,280
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	235	135	100	4,410	2,195	2,215
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	120	55	70	2,045	1,025	1,020
Métis	120	85	35	2,320	1,150	1,170
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	90	50	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	45	20	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,750	10,755	10,995	86,040	42,335	43,700
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,590	44,600	45,985
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	95	55	40	1,195	610	580
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,925	10,855	11,070	89,390	43,990	45,405
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,590	44,605	45,985
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	230	95	135	1,050	515	530
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	230	95	135	1,020	505	520
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	180	70	110	675	345	335
Métis single ancestry	40	30	15	335	155	180
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	560	250	310	6,270	3,095	3,180
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	535	235	300	6,160	3,040	3,120
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	495	220	270	3,825	1,840	1,990
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	2,270	1,170	1,100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	65	30	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	15	110	50	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	100	40	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	21,220	10,560	10,660	83,270	40,990	42,275
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	22,015	10,905	11,105	90,590	44,605	45,985
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	895	445	445	1,550	745	805
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	10	195	120	75
Chinese	30	10	30	290	135	150
Black	500	225	275	565	260	305
Filipino	10	10	0	60	15	45
Latin American	250	145	105	90	30	60
Arab	75	50	30	145	90	60
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	10	65	30	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	50	25	20
Korean	10	0	0	40	20	20
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	35	0	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,115	10,460	10,660	89,035	43,860	45,175
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	22,015	10,905	11,110	90,590	44,600	45,985
North American Aboriginal origins	795	345	450	7,320	3,610	3,710
First Nations (North American Indian)	700	305	400	4,630	2,240	2,390
Inuit	15	0	20	90	45	45
Métis	100	55	45	2,745	1,390	1,350
Other North American origins	17,080	8,430	8,650	45,240	22,225	23,015
Acadian	135	75	65	1,315	635	680
American	90	35	55	955	470	485
Canadian	16,420	8,095	8,335	43,645	21,445	22,200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	125	65	60
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	70	50	15
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Québécois	645	335	310	45	25	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	7,380	3,660	3,725	60,620	29,735	30,885
British Isles origins	1,640	785	860	44,370	21,435	22,935
Channel Islander	20	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	375	185	190	25,525	12,145	13,385
Irish	1,005	455	555	14,950	7,085	7,870
Manx	0	0	0	35	20	15
Scottish	410	195	215	19,095	9,160	9,935
Welsh	0	0	0	1,640	815	825
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	30	20	0	1,810	890	920
French origins	5,240	2,530	2,715	11,735	5,570	6,170
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Breton	25	0	20	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,220	2,520	2,705	11,725	5,560	6,170
Western European origins (except French origins)	580	295	280	23,930	11,665	12,265
Austrian	10	10	10	190	65	120
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	300	165	130	130	55	75
Dutch	0	0	0	4,660	2,100	2,555
Flemish	15	10	0	50	10	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	225	120	110	21,160	10,410	10,745
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	15	0
Swiss	80	35	45	480	215	270
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	45	20	25	1,475	795	675
Danish	0	0	0	315	155	160
Finnish	0	0	0	60	40	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	140	55	80
Norwegian	0	0	0	630	390	245
Swedish	15	10	0	270	130	140
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	10	25	125	60	65
Eastern European origins	145	65	75	2,105	960	1,145
Bulgarian	20	10	10	20	0	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	95	35	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Hungarian	30	15	10	185	75	110
Latvian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Lithuanian	10	0	0	75	35	35
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	35	30	800	380	425
Romanian	20	0	15	75	40	35
Russian	10	10	10	345	145	200
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	25	0	20	655	290	360
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Southern European origins	1,040	505	530	1,980	950	1,030
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	0	35
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	25	10	275	140	140
Italian	745	390	360	890	420	470
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	0	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	35	80	325	180	145
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	215	105	110	380	160	220
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	35	20	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	650	345	305
Basque	0	0	0	25	0	15
Jewish	10	0	0	200	110	80
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	405	210	200
Caribbean origins	445	210	230	335	150	180
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	15	0	25	10	15
Dominican	50	20	30	10	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	385	185	200	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	10	0	160	70	85
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	10	15	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	60	35	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	340	215	125	190	90	100
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	15	10	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	40	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Chilean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	100	60	40	30	10	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	15	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	35	15	70	50	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	10	15	30	15	15
Salvadorean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	15
African origins	315	150	160	550	300	250
Central and West African origins	85	40	45	25	10	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	70	25	45	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	135	75	65	30	15	15
Algerian	50	25	20	15	10	10
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins	40	15	20	110	75	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	85	65	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	15
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	55	25	30	380	195	185
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	30	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	55	20	30	335	165	165
Asian origins	95	45	45	1,475	755	720
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	20	10	650	345	300
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	15	0	20	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	385	205	180
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	140	70	75
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	45	30	15
South Asian origins	15	10	0	255	160	100
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	210	130	80
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	20	15	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	50	25	30	565	255	310
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	30	0	25	315	150	160
Filipino	0	10	0	115	40	75
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania origins	10	0	10	115	60	55
Australian	10	0	0	60	25	30
New Zealander	0	0	0	60	35	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
Owner	6,465	...	...	33,550	...	...
Renter	2,270	...	...	6,925	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,740	...	...	40,535	...	...
Condominium	615	...	...	415	...	...
Not condominium	8,120	...	...	40,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	735	...	...	2,835	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,600	...	...	10,690	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,325	...	...	18,370	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,065	...	...	8,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,185	...	...	5,800	...	...
5 rooms	1,370	...	...	6,645	...	...
6 rooms	1,175	...	...	7,780	...	...
7 rooms	1,385	...	...	6,790	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,620	...	...	13,515	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,675	...	...	40,470	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
Suitable	8,495	...	...	39,785	...	...
Not suitable	240	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
1960 or before	965	...	...	13,410	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,135	...	...	11,145	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,460	...	...	5,630	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,000	...	...	4,735	...	...
2001 to 2005	635	...	...	1,970	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,505	...	...	2,170	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,045	...	...	1,475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,390	...	...	36,515	...	...
Major repairs needed	350	...	...	4,020	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,740	...	...	40,540	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,010	...	...	24,055	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,645	...	...	16,040	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	85	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,735	...	...	40,535	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	745	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,420	...	...	3,530	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,810	...	...	5,400	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,720	...	...	7,955	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,775	...	...	9,225	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,185	...	...	7,890	...	...
75 to 84 years	490	...	...	4,295	...	...
85 years and over	145	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,695	...	...	40,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,125	...	...	33,465	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,575	...	...	6,745	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,440	...	...	5,960	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,435	...	...	33,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.3	...	...	49.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.7	...	...	11.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,215	...	...	668	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,204	...	...	858	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,330	...	...	194,257	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	260,322	...	...	236,729	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,270	...	...	6,925	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.2	...	...	12.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.4	...	...	40.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	762	...	...	737	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	796	...	...	784	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,620	8,685	8,930	78,350	38,285	40,065
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,665	1,885	1,780	19,170	10,365	8,805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,100	1,990	2,110	18,705	8,915	9,790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,855	4,800	5,050	40,485	19,010	21,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,930	2,460	1,465	9,050	6,245	2,805
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,715	1,455	1,260	4,900	2,745	2,160
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,215	1,005	210	4,150	3,500	650
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,050	1,255	1,795	17,195	6,910	10,285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	610	250	355	1,730	580	1,155
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,265	835	1,430	12,510	5,270	7,235
Bachelor's degree	1,740	635	1,105	8,220	3,325	4,895
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	60	105	790	345	445
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	35	20	340	190	150
Master's degree	280	105	175	2,715	1,165	1,550
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	10	15	440	245	190
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,135	5,980	6,160	48,995	23,755	25,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,600	900	700	8,040	4,900	3,145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,480	1,245	1,235	11,685	5,575	6,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,055	3,840	4,220	29,265	13,275	15,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,190	1,955	1,235	5,930	4,095	1,840
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,190	1,125	1,055	3,310	1,860	1,445
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,005	825	180	2,625	2,235	395
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,335	965	1,370	13,235	5,330	7,900
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	520	200	320	975	290	680
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,005	715	1,295	9,130	3,560	5,565
Bachelor's degree	1,540	540	1,005	6,125	2,395	3,740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	90	525	205	320
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	25	210	75	130
Master's degree	260	95	165	2,020	780	1,240
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	15	245	110	145
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,615	8,680	8,930	78,355	38,290	40,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,760	3,880	3,885	37,870	19,280	18,590
Education	875	160	715	3,005	810	2,200
13. Education	875	160	715	3,010	810	2,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	340	140	200	1,040	460	580
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	75	15	200	150	50
50. Visual and performing arts	250	70	180	840	315	525
Humanities	385	150	235	1,530	635	900
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	85	30	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	405	110	295
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	105	185	340	120	220
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	60	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	240	165	85
54. History	20	15	0	305	145	155
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	25	65	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	775	175	600	3,165	960	2,200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	35	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	50	50	250	95	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	0	230	725	50	675
22. Legal professions and studies	110	30	80	475	135	340
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	80	20	60
42. Psychology	165	30	135	640	175	465
45. Social sciences	135	55	80	955	475	485
Business, management and public administration	1,975	665	1,305	8,790	2,130	6,660
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	15	80	485	110	375
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,875	645	1,230	8,290	2,020	6,265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	95	130	1,170	615	555
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	15	45	530	230	300
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	215	95	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	75	20	60	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	35	25	15	360	280	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	10	70	10	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	295	200	95	1,235	625	610
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	265	185	85	975	510	465
25. Library science	10	0	0	140	30	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	105	70	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,630	2,470	160	10,200	9,725	470
04. Architecture and related services	90	55	35	115	60	55
14. Engineering	190	165	30	880	780	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	440	35	1,940	1,765	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	810	780	30	2,760	2,710	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	565	555	0	3,235	3,160	75
48. Precision production	500	480	25	1,265	1,245	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	100	60	710	425	285
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	80	45	295	135	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	415	290	125
Health and related fields	1,275	225	1,050	6,160	780	5,380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	55	340	145	190
51. Health professions and related programs	1,190	185	1,000	5,770	600	5,165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	55	35	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	920	430	490	3,475	1,830	1,640
12. Personal and culinary services	510	110	400	1,870	385	1,485
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	35	35	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	85	75	0
43. Security and protective services	225	160	65	380	295	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	160	25	1,110	1,040	75
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,135	5,980	6,155	48,995	23,755	25,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,075	2,145	1,935	19,725	10,475	9,250
Education	710	125	585	1,945	475	1,475
13. Education	710	125	585	1,950	475	1,475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	270	105	165	740	335	400
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	55	20	170	115	55
50. Visual and performing arts	195	45	150	570	215	350
Humanities	250	105	145	1,000	370	630
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	60	15	45
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	230	40	190
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	75	95	225	70	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	65	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	145	90	55
54. History	15	15	0	225	105	120
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	45	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	670	140	535	2,540	680	1,860
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	45	35	195	75	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	0	215	610	40	570
22. Legal professions and studies	75	15	60	385	70	310
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	65	20	45
42. Psychology	155	30	130	515	125	385
45. Social sciences	120	45	75	745	345	405
Business, management and public administration	1,635	535	1,100	6,295	1,420	4,870
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	20	75	360	75	290
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,545	515	1,025	5,915	1,350	4,565
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	60	70	800	395	400
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	380	160	220
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	145	60	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15	240	175	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	35	0	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	170	70	1,045	525	515
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	160	65	885	455	435
25. Library science	10	0	10	85	20	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	50	35	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,110	1,970	145	7,345	6,910	435
04. Architecture and related services	75	45	35	75	30	45
14. Engineering	175	140	25	585	490	95
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	355	325	30	1,380	1,225	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	630	605	30	2,080	2,035	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	485	490	0	2,360	2,295	70
48. Precision production	385	365	25	850	835	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	65	60	535	305	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	55	40	215	95	115
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	20	325	210	110
Health and related fields	1,130	195	935	4,530	550	3,985
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	80	40	45	270	120	150
51. Health professions and related programs	1,045	155	885	4,230	415	3,815
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	10	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	795	380	415	2,505	1,310	1,195
12. Personal and culinary services	415	80	340	1,385	310	1,070
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	25	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	35	30	10
43. Security and protective services	200	145	60	270	200	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	155	25	790	745	50
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,615	8,685	8,935	78,355	38,285	40,065
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,760	3,880	3,885	37,870	19,275	18,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,855	4,805	5,045	40,485	19,010	21,475
Location of study inside Canada	9,745	4,735	5,010	37,960	17,645	20,310
Same as province or territory of residence	9,620	4,665	4,955	30,680	13,940	16,740
Different than province or territory of residence	125	70	60	7,280	3,710	3,570
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	105	65	35	2,525	1,360	1,160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	920	470	450
Philippines	0	0	0	25	15	15
India	0	0	0	60	35	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	785	450	330
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	10
France	0	10	0	30	20	10
Other	85	50	30	690	365	330
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,135	5,980	6,155	48,995	23,755	25,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,075	2,140	1,940	19,725	10,480	9,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,055	3,840	4,220	29,265	13,280	15,990
Location of study inside Canada	7,960	3,780	4,180	27,730	12,520	15,215
Same as province or territory of residence	7,855	3,725	4,125	22,990	10,180	12,810
Different than province or territory of residence	105	55	55	4,740	2,330	2,410
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	100	60	40	1,535	765	775
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	480	225	250
Philippines	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	50	35	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	475	250	230
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	10
France	10	10	0	20	10	0
Other	75	45	30	470	225	245
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,615	8,685	8,935	78,350	38,285	40,065
In the labour force	12,225	6,350	5,875	45,205	23,555	21,650
Employed	11,505	5,940	5,565	41,150	21,270	19,875
Unemployed	725	410	310	4,060	2,285	1,775
Not in the labour force	5,390	2,335	3,055	33,145	14,730	18,415
Participation rate	69.4	73.1	65.8	57.7	61.5	54.0
Employment rate	65.3	68.4	62.3	52.5	55.6	49.6
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.5	5.3	9.0	9.7	8.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,615	8,680	8,935	78,355	38,285	40,070
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,055	2,195	2,860	29,745	12,915	16,830
Worked	12,560	6,490	6,070	48,610	25,375	23,235
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,875	3,220	2,655	23,135	12,750	10,380
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,685	3,270	3,420	25,480	12,620	12,855
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.6	43.0	41.1	40.8	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	12,230	6,345	5,875	45,210	23,555	21,655
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	110	150	685	320	370
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	11,965	6,240	5,725	44,520	23,235	21,285
Employee	10,680	5,465	5,215	38,705	19,590	19,115
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,285	770	510	5,820	3,650	2,170
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	12,230	6,350	5,875	45,205	23,555	21,655
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	265	115	150	685	315	370
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	11,960	6,235	5,730	44,520	23,235	21,285
0 Management occupations	1,105	680	420	4,285	2,475	1,810
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,670	450	1,225	5,850	1,340	4,515
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	625	490	140	2,075	1,685	390
3 Health occupations	925	145	775	3,260	440	2,820
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,525	365	1,165	4,560	1,410	3,150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	325	170	150	1,105	500	610
6 Sales and service occupations	2,735	1,145	1,590	9,585	3,275	6,310
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,335	2,235	100	7,145	6,730	415
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	160	130	35	3,360	3,035	330
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	560	425	135	3,285	2,355	930
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	12,225	6,350	5,880	45,205	23,555	21,655
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	110	150	690	320	370
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	11,965	6,235	5,725	44,520	23,240	21,280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	190	120	70	3,225	2,785	445
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	245	235	10
22 Utilities	95	65	25	225	165	60
23 Construction	1,250	1,085	160	3,635	3,280	350
31-33 Manufacturing	1,350	1,035	315	5,465	3,965	1,500
41 Wholesale trade	395	285	110	1,155	845	305
44-45 Retail trade	1,695	790	905	5,495	2,275	3,220
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	450	365	90	1,440	1,050	395
51 Information and cultural industries	255	150	105	775	475	305
52 Finance and insurance	290	65	225	1,100	325	770
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	90	30	535	270	265
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	465	235	230	2,140	1,065	1,070
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	20	15	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	445	265	185	2,010	1,055	955
61 Educational services	970	270	705	2,800	900	1,900
62 Health care and social assistance	1,745	290	1,455	5,820	770	5,050
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	250	115	135	900	460	440
72 Accommodation and food services	665	250	410	2,800	835	1,960
81 Other services (except public administration)	590	350	240	1,915	860	1,055
91 Public administration	720	405	315	2,815	1,605	1,215
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,500	5,935	5,565	41,150	21,275	19,875
Worked at home	660	330	330	3,360	1,590	1,770
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	130	80	50
No fixed workplace address	1,325	1,065	265	6,140	4,885	1,260
Worked at usual place	9,505	4,530	4,970	31,520	14,725	16,800
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,500	4,535	4,970	31,515	14,720	16,795
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,885	830	1,055	18,415	8,520	9,890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,140	785	1,360	8,840	3,805	5,040
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,455	2,910	2,550	3,945	2,155	1,785
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	315	235	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,830	5,595	5,235	37,660	19,605	18,055
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,625	5,075	4,550	32,575	17,070	15,500
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	345	130	220	2,660	1,255	1,410
Public transit	375	145	230	335	155	185
Walked	350	155	195	1,430	660	775
Bicycle	75	55	25	75	60	15
Other method	60	30	25	585	410	175
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,830	5,595	5,235	37,660	19,605	18,055
Less than 15 minutes	2,345	1,035	1,310	13,110	6,325	6,790
15 to 29 minutes	3,130	1,355	1,770	11,175	5,385	5,790
30 to 44 minutes	2,350	1,320	1,035	7,525	4,345	3,175
45 to 59 minutes	1,345	930	410	3,050	1,690	1,365
60 minutes and over	1,665	955	705	2,795	1,865	930
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,830	5,595	5,235	37,665	19,605	18,055
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,560	1,215	345	3,020	2,180	835
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,930	1,125	805	7,980	4,905	3,070
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,820	1,165	1,655	11,600	5,995	5,605
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,745	590	1,155	6,685	2,380	4,300
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	935	350	580	3,010	1,000	2,010
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,840	1,150	695	5,370	3,145	2,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,865	6,650	6,215	49,830	25,930	23,905
Single responses	12,520	6,440	6,080	49,680	25,870	23,805
Official languages	12,520	6,440	6,075	49,645	25,845	23,805
English	260	170	100	49,470	25,785	23,680
French	12,255	6,270	5,980	180	60	120
Non-official languages	0	0	10	30	25	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	210	135	155	60	95
English and French	325	200	125	95	35	65
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	35
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,865	6,650	6,215	49,830	25,930	23,900
None	10,430	5,270	5,155	48,655	25,400	23,250
English	2,170	1,230	945	140	45	90
French	190	110	85	840	390	450
Non-official language	45	20	25	180	85	100
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	25	20	185	90	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	21,710	10,740	10,965	89,865	44,210	45,655
Non-movers	19,325	9,615	9,705	81,985	40,385	41,590
Movers	2,380	1,125	1,255	7,885	3,820	4,065
Non-migrants	765	355	415	4,195	2,035	2,160
Migrants	1,615	770	845	3,685	1,785	1,905
Internal migrants	1,595	765	835	3,390	1,615	1,775
Intraprovincial migrants	1,585	760	830	2,215	1,015	1,195
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	1,175	605	580
External migrants	20	0	10	300	170	130
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	20,415	10,075	10,345	86,945	42,720	44,220
Non-movers	12,500	6,255	6,245	64,845	32,080	32,755
Movers	7,915	3,820	4,095	22,100	10,635	11,465
Non-migrants	3,265	1,565	1,695	11,945	5,760	6,185
Migrants	4,655	2,255	2,405	10,155	4,880	5,275
Internal migrants	4,590	2,220	2,370	9,390	4,440	4,945
Intraprovincial migrants	4,560	2,210	2,350	5,915	2,760	3,150
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	20	3,480	1,680	1,800
External migrants	65	30	35	760	435	325

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. L'Assomption, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia