Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	L'Assomption, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Strathcona, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	22,429	...	...	44,671	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	20,065	...	...	43,252	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,932	...	...	21,681	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,736	...	...	19,610	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	226.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	98.99	...	...	18,278.06	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	22,430	11,060	11,370	44,670	22,260	22,415
0 to 14 years	4,400	2,230	2,170	6,715	3,490	3,230
0 to 4 years	1,580	785	795	2,040	1,095	945
5 to 9 years	1,610	850	760	2,380	1,195	1,180
10 to 14 years	1,210	595	615	2,290	1,195	1,105
15 to 64 years	14,815	7,335	7,480	28,225	13,885	14,335
15 to 19 years	1,330	695	635	2,345	1,225	1,125
20 to 24 years	1,345	680	670	2,070	1,050	1,020
25 to 29 years	1,365	670	690	2,185	1,115	1,065
30 to 34 years	1,630	790	830	2,345	1,145	1,195
35 to 39 years	1,650	835	820	2,455	1,230	1,220
40 to 44 years	1,375	680	700	2,480	1,165	1,310
45 to 49 years	1,370	650	715	2,730	1,335	1,395
50 to 54 years	1,715	840	880	3,445	1,650	1,795
55 to 59 years	1,695	845	850	4,120	1,995	2,125
60 to 64 years	1,335	650	690	4,065	1,975	2,090
65 years and over	3,215	1,495	1,720	9,735	4,880	4,850
65 to 69 years	1,180	585	590	3,785	1,960	1,830
70 to 74 years	820	420	400	2,530	1,290	1,235
75 to 79 years	535	230	300	1,535	800	725
80 to 84 years	355	160	195	965	475	495
85 years and over	335	95	230	920	360	560
85 to 89 years	210	70	140	600	275	330
90 to 94 years	90	25	65	250	75	180
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	55	10	45
100 years and over	5	0	5	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.6	20.2	19.1	15.0	15.7	14.4
15 to 64 years	66.0	66.3	65.8	63.2	62.4	64.0
65 years and over	14.3	13.5	15.1	21.8	21.9	21.6
85 years and over	1.5	0.9	2.0	2.1	1.6	2.5
Average age of the population	38.8	38.1	39.5	44.6	44.1	45.1
Median age of the population	38.5	37.9	39.1	48.2	47.6	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,740	...	...	19,610	...	...
Single-detached house	5,275	...	...	13,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,265	...	...	5,265	...	...
Semi-detached house	715	...	...	900	...	...
Row house	130	...	...	1,080	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	465	...	...	815	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,870	...	...	2,450	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	190	...	...	1,165	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
1 person	2,085	...	...	5,765	...	...
2 persons	3,025	...	...	8,230	...	...
3 persons	1,560	...	...	2,470	...	...
4 persons	1,405	...	...	2,105	...	...
5 or more persons	655	...	...	1,045	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,015	...	...	43,810	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,030	8,830	9,200	37,960	18,770	19,185
Married or living common law	11,010	5,500	5,510	22,990	11,510	11,480
Married	5,515	2,750	2,765	17,960	9,010	8,950
Living common law	5,495	2,750	2,750	5,035	2,505	2,530
Not married and not living common law	7,025	3,335	3,690	14,965	7,260	7,705
Never married	4,790	2,555	2,235	8,410	4,815	3,595
Separated	245	100	150	1,250	575	675
Divorced	1,155	475	675	3,065	1,345	1,725
Widowed	830	200	635	2,235	530	1,710
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,535	...	...	13,345	...	...
2 persons	3,110	...	...	8,410	...	...
3 persons	1,525	...	...	2,285	...	...
4 persons	1,375	...	...	1,910	...	...
5 or more persons	525	...	...	735	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,540	...	...	13,340	...	...
Total couple families	5,425	...	...	11,260	...	...
Married couples	2,680	...	...	8,745	...	...
Common-law couples	2,745	...	...	2,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,110	...	...	2,080	...	...
Female parent	780	...	...	1,575	...	...
Male parent	325	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,425	...	...	11,260	...	...
Couples without children	2,475	...	...	7,085	...	...
Couples with children	2,950	...	...	4,175	...	...
1 child	1,165	...	...	1,750	...	...
2 children	1,285	...	...	1,745	...	...
3 or more children	505	...	...	675	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...	2,080	...	...
1 child	635	...	...	1,320	...	...
2 children	360	...	...	535	...	...
3 or more children	110	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,935	1,410	1,525	8,555	4,355	4,200
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,740	...	...	19,610	...	...
One-census-family households	6,330	...	...	12,790	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,385	...	...	6,870	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,940	...	...	5,920	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	105	...	...	275	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,310	...	...	6,545	...	...
One-person households	2,090	...	...	5,765	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	220	...	...	780	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	22,220	10,990	11,230	44,410	22,140	22,275
English only	40	25	15	41,175	20,700	20,475
French only	14,460	6,770	7,695	10	0	5
English and French	7,710	4,195	3,515	3,135	1,395	1,740
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	90	45	45
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	22,220	10,985	11,235	44,410	22,140	22,270
English	255	120	130	43,635	21,780	21,860
French	21,855	10,805	11,055	655	305	350
English and French	100	60	45	45	15	25
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	75	35	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	300	150	150	675	320	360
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	22,220	10,985	11,230	44,410	22,135	22,270
Single responses	22,010	10,880	11,130	44,080	21,975	22,100
Official languages	21,475	10,595	10,880	41,275	20,660	20,615
English	205	90	115	40,560	20,330	20,230
French	21,270	10,505	10,765	715	330	385
Non-official languages	535	285	250	2,800	1,310	1,485
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	180	85	95
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Comox	0	0	0	5	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	30	20
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	55	20	30
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	535	285	255	2,620	1,230	1,395
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	40	25	20	15	5
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	25	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	20	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	170	75	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	170	75	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	225	70	155
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	165	50	120
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	45	60	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	305	170	140	1,740	855	885
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	315	140	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	5	10	5	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	310	135	175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	65	25	45
Russian	5	5	5	40	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	10	10	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	950	485	465
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dutch	0	0	0	185	95	90
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	5
German	5	5	5	595	310	290
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swedish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	5	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	140	70	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	95	45	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	265	140	120	320	145	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	95	50	40
Portuguese	40	15	20	40	15	20
Romanian	10	5	5	10	5	10
Spanish	180	100	80	165	75	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	5	5	0	70	25	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	70	35	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	155	75	75
Chinese languages	10	5	5	155	75	75
Cantonese	5	5	5	70	40	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	65	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	25	0	25
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	105	50	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hungarian	0	5	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	210	110	100	335	165	170
English and French	115	60	55	90	40	45
English and non-official language	5	5	0	225	110	120
French and non-official language	85	45	40	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	22,220	10,985	11,235	44,410	22,135	22,270
Single responses	21,905	10,830	11,075	43,945	21,925	22,015
Official languages	21,750	10,750	11,005	43,235	21,585	21,655
English	135	70	70	43,060	21,500	21,555
French	21,610	10,680	10,935	175	80	95
Non-official languages	160	85	70	710	345	365
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	85	75	695	335	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	100	50	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	105	50	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	55	15	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	35	320	150	170
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	70	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	65	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	15	5	10
Russian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	85	40	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	30	80	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	60	35	25	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	25	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	85	45	35
Chinese languages	10	5	5	80	45	35
Cantonese	5	0	5	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Hungarian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	315	160	155	465	210	255
English and French	95	55	40	45	25	20
English and non-official language	5	0	0	410	185	230
French and non-official language	165	85	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	25	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	22,220	10,990	11,230	44,410	22,140	22,270
None	20,920	10,315	10,605	42,345	21,225	21,125
English	830	430	400	400	185	210
French	140	70	70	545	225	315
Non-official language	280	135	140	1,105	490	610
Aboriginal	0	0	0	145	65	75
Non-Aboriginal	280	140	140	960	425	535
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	30	10	5	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,615	8,675	8,945	37,115	18,340	18,770
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,940	8,355	8,585	35,810	17,770	18,035
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,183	43,362	31,145	31,936	40,954	25,401
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,945	8,360	8,585	35,850	17,800	18,055
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,629	37,107	27,984	28,984	36,076	23,978
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,505	7,880	7,625	31,925	16,165	15,755
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,096	40,328	26,373	27,702	36,886	21,509
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,630	5,655	6,980	26,810	12,345	14,465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,217	6,072	8,002	8,337	9,492	7,471
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,090	6,745	6,345	25,705	13,365	12,340
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,789	41,827	28,869	26,522	35,126	21,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,615	8,685	8,935	37,110	18,345	18,770
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,955	8,375	8,575	35,775	17,765	18,010
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,029	50,308	35,916	42,050	52,011	32,224
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,955	8,380	8,580	35,800	17,770	18,030
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,506	40,444	30,683	35,828	43,068	28,690
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,430	7,890	7,535	32,025	16,220	15,805
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,099	47,579	32,267	39,318	49,452	28,918
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,645	5,680	6,965	26,550	12,185	14,365
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,770	8,124	9,296	9,235	10,003	8,584
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,090	6,760	6,325	25,705	13,355	12,350
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,267	46,575	33,521	37,917	47,705	27,329
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,615	8,685	8,935	37,110	18,340	18,770
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,785	3,150	2,635	8,710	4,820	3,890
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,142	57,368	42,795	49,152	62,041	40,171
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,590	61,053	46,858	56,936	67,316	44,060
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.9	89.2	79.2	83.6	86.8	78.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.4	75.4	68.3	65.1	68.9	58.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.1	10.8	20.8	16.4	13.2	21.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,615	8,675	8,945	37,110	18,345	18,770
Without total income	680	315	360	1,300	570	730
With total income	16,940	8,360	8,585	35,810	17,770	18,035
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.4	96.0	96.5	96.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,755	725	1,025	4,750	1,850	2,910
$10,000 to $19,999	2,640	940	1,695	6,630	2,520	4,105
$20,000 to $29,999	2,485	1,055	1,430	5,610	2,220	3,395
$30,000 to $39,999	2,280	1,085	1,195	4,665	2,120	2,550
$40,000 to $49,999	2,130	1,035	1,095	3,590	1,770	1,825
$50,000 to $59,999	1,665	900	775	2,560	1,465	1,095
$60,000 to $69,999	1,200	730	470	2,020	1,325	700
$70,000 to $79,999	960	575	385	1,570	1,070	505
$80,000 to $89,999	680	455	225	1,165	845	320
$90,000 to $99,999	355	255	105	840	620	225
$100,000 and over	790	605	185	2,385	1,965	420
$100,000 to $149,999	580	445	135	1,725	1,400	325
$150,000 and over	210	160	55	660	570	95
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,615	8,675	8,940	37,110	18,340	18,770
Without after-tax income	670	320	360	1,260	540	720
With after-tax income	16,945	8,360	8,585	35,855	17,800	18,055
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	96.0	96.6	97.1	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,835	750	1,085	4,965	1,950	3,020
$10,000 to $19,999	2,790	1,010	1,785	7,000	2,715	4,280
$20,000 to $29,999	3,105	1,370	1,735	6,550	2,665	3,885
$30,000 to $39,999	2,965	1,470	1,500	5,225	2,460	2,765
$40,000 to $49,999	2,455	1,325	1,130	3,760	2,020	1,740
$50,000 to $59,999	1,615	975	635	2,645	1,720	925
$60,000 to $69,999	1,075	660	420	1,970	1,365	600
$70,000 to $79,999	485	345	140	1,295	935	360
$80,000 and over	610	455	155	2,440	1,970	470
$80,000 to $89,999	215	155	60	810	625	185
$90,000 to $99,999	115	95	20	535	425	110
$100,000 and over	280	205	70	1,095	920	180
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,615	8,675	8,940	37,110	18,340	18,770
Without employment income	4,525	1,930	2,595	11,410	4,975	6,430
With employment income	13,090	6,745	6,345	25,705	13,365	12,340
Percentage with employment income	74.3	77.8	71.0	69.3	72.9	65.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,475	735	745	5,020	2,495	2,530
$5,000 to $9,999	970	400	570	2,105	825	1,280
$10,000 to $19,999	1,805	750	1,055	3,640	1,540	2,100
$20,000 to $29,999	1,540	635	905	3,135	1,235	1,895
$30,000 to $39,999	1,635	735	900	2,505	1,080	1,425
$40,000 to $49,999	1,375	685	690	2,025	935	1,090
$50,000 to $59,999	1,170	665	505	1,545	885	660
$60,000 to $69,999	920	605	310	1,280	855	425
$70,000 to $79,999	810	500	315	1,140	790	355
$80,000 and over	1,385	1,040	345	3,305	2,720	585
$80,000 to $89,999	515	365	150	910	685	225
$90,000 to $99,999	280	215	65	635	495	145
$100,000 and over	585	455	135	1,765	1,545	215
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,159	...	...	62,366	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,746	...	...	55,487	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,085	...	...	5,765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,127	...	...	31,355	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,144	...	...	28,411	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,650	...	...	13,845	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,218	...	...	78,108	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,737	...	...	68,838	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,506	...	...	76,713	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,925	...	...	65,406	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,105	...	...	5,775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,504	...	...	40,128	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,017	...	...	34,629	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,630	...	...	13,835	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,502	...	...	91,974	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,673	...	...	78,244	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,740	...	...	19,610	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	635	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	950	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	360	...	...	975	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	885	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	370	...	...	1,025	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	380	...	...	940	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	385	...	...	915	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	385	...	...	930	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	1,625	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	690	...	...	1,540	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	725	...	...	1,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	655	...	...	1,195	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	980	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,725	...	...	5,090	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,120	...	...	1,940	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	720	...	...	1,250	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	585	...	...	1,175	...	...
$200,000 and over	295	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	285	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	645	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	300	...	...	995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	415	...	...	1,115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	1,075	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	475	...	...	1,190	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	455	...	...	1,050	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	480	...	...	1,070	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	475	...	...	1,040	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	885	...	...	1,930	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	905	...	...	1,730	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	805	...	...	1,455	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	695	...	...	1,200	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	555	...	...	1,070	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,670	...	...	3,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	960	...	...	1,665	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	385	...	...	890	...	...
$150,000 and over	325	...	...	925	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,495	...	...	13,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,225	...	...	77,876	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,705	...	...	68,565	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,330	...	...	6,755	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,247	...	...	73,883	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,547	...	...	64,916	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,965	...	...	4,225	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,616	...	...	105,658	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,765	...	...	90,880	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	1,940	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,240	...	...	43,916	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,000	...	...	41,070	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,475	...	...	13,195	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,425	...	...	91,635	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,526	...	...	77,852	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,335	...	...	6,735	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,008	...	...	86,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,698	...	...	73,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,970	...	...	4,250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,833	...	...	117,211	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,211	...	...	98,739	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,030	...	...	1,915	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,175	...	...	50,655	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,709	...	...	45,259	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,550	1,245	1,310	7,720	3,935	3,780
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,175	39,275	27,968	28,966	31,528	26,895
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,419	33,760	25,728	26,569	28,602	25,152
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,570	1,285	1,285	7,760	3,900	3,860
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,899	46,524	35,266	38,054	41,282	34,790
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,913	37,581	30,241	32,914	34,962	30,843
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,270	5,370	5,895	24,100	11,565	12,530
In the bottom decile	1,185	530	655	5,205	2,535	2,670
In the second decile	1,875	815	1,060	5,200	2,365	2,840
In the third decile	2,440	1,175	1,270	4,640	2,205	2,430
In the fourth decile	2,820	1,375	1,445	4,395	2,160	2,235
In the fifth decile	2,950	1,480	1,470	4,660	2,300	2,360
In the top half of the distribution	10,745	5,530	5,215	19,710	10,250	9,455
In the sixth decile	2,980	1,510	1,460	4,380	2,200	2,180
In the seventh decile	2,810	1,430	1,375	4,220	2,175	2,040
In the eighth decile	2,465	1,280	1,190	4,330	2,275	2,050
In the ninth decile	1,665	860	805	3,835	2,045	1,785
In the top decile	830	440	385	2,955	1,555	1,400
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	22,015	10,905	11,110	42,255	21,000	21,250
0 to 17 years	5,180	2,640	2,540	7,700	4,005	3,700
0 to 5 years	1,900	950	950	2,390	1,265	1,130
18 to 64 years	13,980	6,890	7,085	25,495	12,415	13,080
65 years and over	2,855	1,375	1,485	9,060	4,585	4,470
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,985	855	1,125	6,925	3,250	3,675
0 to 17 years	440	215	225	1,715	905	810
0 to 5 years	145	60	85	595	325	270
18 to 64 years	1,110	495	620	3,905	1,790	2,115
65 years and over	430	145	285	1,300	555	750
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.0	7.8	10.1	16.4	15.5	17.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	8.1	8.9	22.3	22.6	21.9
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	6.3	8.9	24.9	25.7	23.9
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.2	8.8	15.3	14.4	16.2
65 years and over (%)	15.1	10.5	19.2	14.3	12.1	16.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	665	310	360	3,560	1,735	1,825
0 to 17 years	120	50	65	875	460	415
0 to 5 years	35	10	25	310	165	140
18 to 64 years	510	245	270	2,475	1,190	1,285
65 years and over	35	15	20	210	80	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.8	3.2	8.4	8.3	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	2.3	1.9	2.6	11.4	11.5	11.2
0 to 5 years (%)	1.8	1.1	2.6	13.0	13.0	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.8	9.7	9.6	9.8
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.3	2.3	1.7	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	22,010	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
Official languages	22,000	10,905	11,095	43,720	21,785	21,940
English	7,680	4,175	3,510	43,720	21,785	21,930
French	21,965	10,880	11,085	3,100	1,315	1,785
Non-official languages	1,280	630	655	3,945	1,745	2,200
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	285	145	145
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	15	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	25
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	180	85	90
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	135	55	80
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	40	30	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,275	630	650	3,660	1,600	2,060
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	35	35	25	10
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	50	30	40	25	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	50	30	30	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	165	75	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	75	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	350	120	230
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	315	100	215
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Creole languages	220	100	120	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	210	95	115	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	935	465	470	2,590	1,175	1,410
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	0	260	125	135
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	35	25	10	255	120	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	15	15	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	50	35	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	70	25	45
Russian	15	10	0	45	25	20
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	1,235	545	685
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	50
Danish	0	0	0	55	20	30
Dutch	0	0	0	195	80	115
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	860	385	475
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Swedish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	180	100	80
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	155	90	70
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	60	40	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	100	50	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	10	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	880	435	445	965	420	540
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	95	45	165	85	80
Portuguese	60	20	45	60	25	40
Romanian	15	0	10	10	10	10
Spanish	690	325	370	765	325	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	115	50	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	45	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	15	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	60	20	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	150	65	90
Chinese languages	10	10	0	155	60	90
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	60	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	55	80
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	90	35	55
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	21,870	10,815	11,060	42,500	21,225	21,275
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,110	2,565	2,540	7,975	4,145	3,825
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,765	8,245	8,515	34,525	17,075	17,445
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	140	90	50	1,310	595	715
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,265	10,525	10,740	38,950	19,530	19,425
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	715	360	355	4,625	2,165	2,460
Before 1981	105	60	45	2,710	1,430	1,280
1981 to 1990	70	25	45	460	195	260
1991 to 2000	180	95	85	510	200	310
2001 to 2010	300	145	155	570	195	375
2001 to 2005	140	60	80	230	65	165
2006 to 2010	155	80	75	340	135	205
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	60	30	25	385	145	235
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	35	20	10	230	125	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	715	360	355	4,630	2,170	2,460
Under 5 years	135	65	70	620	300	320
5 to 14 years	165	75	90	880	435	440
15 to 24 years	115	50	65	1,165	550	615
25 to 44 years	265	155	105	1,670	765	900
45 years and over	40	15	30	300	110	185
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	710	360	350	4,630	2,170	2,460
Americas	345	175	175	915	410	510
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	40	20	20	10	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	140	60	80	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	20	10	30	0	20
Peru	10	0	10	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	25	720	345	375
Other places of birth in Americas	90	55	40	115	45	70
Europe	170	90	75	2,675	1,330	1,345
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	25	0	20
France	70	35	30	45	20	25
Germany	0	0	0	435	180	255
Greece	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	35	20	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Italy	25	25	0	105	65	35
Netherlands	0	0	0	155	80	80
Poland	10	10	0	55	25	35
Portugal	10	0	10	40	25	20
Romania	10	10	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,330	690	645
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	20	365	195	170
Africa	155	85	65	140	60	80
Algeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	35	25	15	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	120	50	65
Other places of birth in Africa	95	50	45	15	0	15
Asia	45	15	30	805	315	485
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	0	25	80	35	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	90	35	55
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	40	10	35
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	80	50	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	10	0	280	80	200
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	120	50	70
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	60	40	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	85	45	45
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	35	25	380	145	235
Americas	25	15	10	75	25	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	10	20
Europe	0	10	0	75	40	45
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	20	10	15	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	0	10	0	200	65	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	40	15	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	105	25	75
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	22,015	10,905	11,105	43,810	21,820	21,990
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	775	405	370	5,120	2,420	2,700
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	975	480	495	7,870	3,930	3,940
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,260	10,020	10,240	30,820	15,475	15,350
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	605	305	305	1,965	770	1,200
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	250	115	135	1,050	440	605
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	100	55	45	485	255	230
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	155	70	90	565	190	375
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	230	125	105	790	245	545
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	105	45	55	135	80	50
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	265	150	115	5,855	2,945	2,915
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	235	135	100	5,735	2,890	2,840
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	120	55	70	4,360	2,200	2,160
Métis	120	85	35	1,325	670	655
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	65	35	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	55	20	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,750	10,755	10,995	37,955	18,875	19,080
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	95	55	40	3,465	1,745	1,725
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,925	10,855	11,070	40,345	20,080	20,265
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	230	95	135	2,150	1,125	1,030
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	230	95	135	2,140	1,115	1,025
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	180	70	110	2,000	1,025	975
Métis single ancestry	40	30	15	130	90	45
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	560	250	310	3,890	1,910	1,985
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	535	235	300	3,755	1,855	1,905
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	495	220	270	2,685	1,310	1,375
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	1,045	530	515
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	25	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	15	140	60	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	125	50	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	21,220	10,560	10,660	37,760	18,785	18,980
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	22,015	10,905	11,105	43,810	21,820	21,990
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	895	445	445	1,860	820	1,045
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	10	275	140	135
Chinese	30	10	30	250	100	150
Black	500	225	275	165	70	95
Filipino	10	10	0	460	185	275
Latin American	250	145	105	150	80	70
Arab	75	50	30	30	15	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	10	225	85	140
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korean	10	0	0	80	40	40
Japanese	0	0	0	130	65	70
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	45	10	40
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,115	10,460	10,660	41,950	21,000	20,945
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	22,015	10,905	11,110	43,810	21,820	21,990
North American Aboriginal origins	795	345	450	6,045	3,030	3,015
First Nations (North American Indian)	700	305	400	4,835	2,405	2,425
Inuit	15	0	20	50	20	30
Métis	100	55	45	1,315	675	640
Other North American origins	17,080	8,430	8,650	12,435	6,260	6,175
Acadian	135	75	65	45	10	40
American	90	35	55	840	425	410
Canadian	16,420	8,095	8,335	11,790	5,970	5,825
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	55	20	40
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	645	335	310	35	10	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	7,380	3,660	3,725	34,655	17,165	17,490
British Isles origins	1,640	785	860	25,945	12,710	13,240
Channel Islander	20	10	0	15	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	10
English	375	185	190	17,040	8,245	8,805
Irish	1,005	455	555	8,805	4,070	4,735
Manx	0	0	0	55	15	35
Scottish	410	195	215	11,870	5,625	6,240
Welsh	0	0	0	1,450	665	785
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	30	20	0	1,270	620	640
French origins	5,240	2,530	2,715	4,925	2,385	2,540
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	25	0	20	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	10
French	5,220	2,520	2,705	4,925	2,385	2,535
Western European origins (except French origins)	580	295	280	9,725	4,960	4,765
Austrian	10	10	10	460	235	225
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	300	165	130	205	85	125
Dutch	0	0	0	2,165	1,115	1,050
Flemish	15	10	0	25	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	225	120	110	7,165	3,680	3,480
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swiss	80	35	45	420	220	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	45	20	25	5,770	2,840	2,935
Danish	0	0	0	800	370	425
Finnish	0	0	0	735	320	420
Icelandic	0	0	0	380	170	205
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,495	1,200	1,295
Swedish	15	10	0	1,855	940	915
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	10	25	330	205	125
Eastern European origins	145	65	75	5,605	2,700	2,900
Bulgarian	20	10	10	25	20	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	155	100	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	125	65	60
Estonian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Hungarian	30	15	10	470	205	270
Latvian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Lithuanian	10	0	0	65	45	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Polish	65	35	30	1,555	775	775
Romanian	20	0	15	190	90	95
Russian	10	10	10	1,105	545	560
Slovak	0	0	0	80	60	20
Ukrainian	25	0	20	2,550	1,120	1,430
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	1,040	505	530	2,085	1,065	1,020
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	140	65	80
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	25	10	115	45	70
Italian	745	390	360	1,200	665	535
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	35	10	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	35	80	190	100	85
Serbian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	30	0
Spanish	215	105	110	330	135	190
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	50	10	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	340	165	165
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	115	60	55
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	170	85	90
Caribbean origins	445	210	230	90	45	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	15	0	25	15	0
Dominican	50	20	30	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	385	185	200	10	0	10
Jamaican	15	10	0	25	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	340	215	125	345	160	185
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	15	10	15	10	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	40	20	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	10	145	70	80
Colombian	100	60	40	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	15	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	50	35	15	85	35	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Peruvian	35	10	15	30	10	20
Salvadorean	20	15	10	35	20	10
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	0
African origins	315	150	160	270	115	155
Central and West African origins	85	40	45	20	15	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	70	25	45	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	135	75	65	50	10	45
Algerian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	25	30	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	25	0	20
Tunisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	15	20	120	35	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	110	35	70
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	55	25	30	105	60	45
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	55	20	30	65	45	25
Asian origins	95	45	45	1,765	765	1,005
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	20	10	155	55	100
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	15	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	70	25	45
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	10	0	0	25	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	15	10	0	270	130	145
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	240	115	130
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	10	10	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	50	25	30	1,320	560	755
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	20	10
Chinese	30	0	25	370	165	210
Filipino	0	10	0	495	190	300
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	155	80	80
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	45	40
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	10	10	0	25	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	175	75	100
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	280	130	150
Australian	10	0	0	170	75	95
New Zealander	0	0	0	70	35	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	45	25	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
Owner	6,465	...	...	14,460	...	...
Renter	2,270	...	...	5,090	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,740	...	...	19,610	...	...
Condominium	615	...	...	1,890	...	...
Not condominium	8,120	...	...	17,715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	120	...	...
1 bedroom	735	...	...	1,580	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,600	...	...	5,155	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,325	...	...	8,075	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,065	...	...	4,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,185	...	...	4,215	...	...
5 rooms	1,370	...	...	3,495	...	...
6 rooms	1,175	...	...	3,345	...	...
7 rooms	1,385	...	...	2,715	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,620	...	...	5,840	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,675	...	...	19,505	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
Suitable	8,495	...	...	19,135	...	...
Not suitable	240	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
1960 or before	965	...	...	1,940	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,135	...	...	6,925	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,460	...	...	3,525	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,000	...	...	3,505	...	...
2001 to 2005	635	...	...	885	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,505	...	...	1,600	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,045	...	...	1,225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,390	...	...	18,135	...	...
Major repairs needed	350	...	...	1,475	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,740	...	...	19,610	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,010	...	...	11,775	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,645	...	...	7,500	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	85	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,735	...	...	19,610	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	515	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,420	...	...	2,075	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,810	...	...	2,645	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,720	...	...	3,475	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,775	...	...	4,790	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,185	...	...	3,920	...	...
75 to 84 years	490	...	...	1,645	...	...
85 years and over	145	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,695	...	...	18,990	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,125	...	...	14,915	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,575	...	...	4,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,440	...	...	3,620	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,435	...	...	14,050	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.3	...	...	54.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.7	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,215	...	...	808	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,204	...	...	1,013	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,330	...	...	299,859	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	260,322	...	...	331,364	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,270	...	...	4,970	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.2	...	...	13.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.4	...	...	42.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	762	...	...	883	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	796	...	...	940	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,620	8,685	8,930	37,115	18,340	18,770
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,665	1,885	1,780	7,050	3,880	3,170
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,100	1,990	2,110	11,550	5,325	6,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,855	4,800	5,050	18,510	9,135	9,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,930	2,460	1,465	4,825	3,770	1,055
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,715	1,455	1,260	1,860	1,170	690
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,215	1,005	210	2,965	2,600	370
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,050	1,255	1,795	7,735	2,845	4,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	610	250	355	1,045	325	720
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,265	835	1,430	4,905	2,195	2,705
Bachelor's degree	1,740	635	1,105	3,295	1,420	1,875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	60	105	375	140	230
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	35	20	205	155	50
Master's degree	280	105	175	935	420	510
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	10	15	100	60	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,135	5,980	6,160	23,495	11,415	12,085
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,600	900	700	2,945	1,740	1,205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,480	1,245	1,235	7,285	3,425	3,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,055	3,840	4,220	13,265	6,245	7,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,190	1,955	1,235	3,170	2,430	745
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,190	1,125	1,055	1,275	775	505
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,005	825	180	1,895	1,655	240
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,335	965	1,370	5,885	2,155	3,730
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	520	200	320	695	220	470
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,005	715	1,295	3,515	1,440	2,075
Bachelor's degree	1,540	540	1,005	2,415	945	1,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	55	90	245	85	150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	25	145	110	35
Master's degree	260	95	165	655	265	390
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	15	60	30	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,615	8,680	8,930	37,115	18,340	18,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,760	3,880	3,885	18,605	9,205	9,395
Education	875	160	715	1,355	275	1,075
13. Education	875	160	715	1,355	280	1,075
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	340	140	200	515	235	280
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	75	15	95	70	20
50. Visual and performing arts	250	70	180	425	165	260
Humanities	385	150	235	620	270	355
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	45	20	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	45	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	105	185	120	35	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	150	85	65
54. History	20	15	0	90	50	40
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	25	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	775	175	600	1,520	455	1,070
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	45	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	50	50	75	20	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	0	230	465	50	415
22. Legal professions and studies	110	30	80	170	65	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	55	35	20
42. Psychology	165	30	135	200	60	140
45. Social sciences	135	55	80	520	220	295
Business, management and public administration	1,975	665	1,305	2,990	835	2,155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	15	80	220	35	185
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,875	645	1,230	2,765	805	1,965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	95	130	540	245	295
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	15	45	290	105	180
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	85	30	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	75	20	60	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	15	115	85	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	10	50	20	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	295	200	95	275	175	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	265	185	85	210	140	65
25. Library science	10	0	0	25	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	40	30	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,630	2,470	160	4,640	4,430	205
04. Architecture and related services	90	55	35	35	25	10
14. Engineering	190	165	30	420	385	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	440	35	690	640	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	810	780	30	1,305	1,250	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	565	555	0	1,630	1,600	35
48. Precision production	500	480	25	545	520	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	100	60	1,045	780	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	80	45	270	160	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	770	625	145
Health and related fields	1,275	225	1,050	3,380	500	2,880
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	55	200	70	135
51. Health professions and related programs	1,190	185	1,000	3,115	380	2,740
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	50	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	920	430	490	1,630	925	710
12. Personal and culinary services	510	110	400	850	215	630
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	20	10
43. Security and protective services	225	160	65	125	95	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	160	25	630	590	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,135	5,980	6,155	23,495	11,415	12,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,075	2,145	1,935	10,225	5,170	5,060
Education	710	125	585	810	155	655
13. Education	710	125	585	815	160	650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	270	105	165	425	180	240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	55	20	75	60	10
50. Visual and performing arts	195	45	150	345	120	230
Humanities	250	105	145	355	135	220
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	35	15	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	20	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	75	95	70	15	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	75	45	30
54. History	15	15	0	70	30	40
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	670	140	535	1,155	285	865
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	45	35	60	10	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	0	215	380	40	340
22. Legal professions and studies	75	15	60	135	40	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	35	25	10
42. Psychology	155	30	130	120	25	95
45. Social sciences	120	45	75	380	135	245
Business, management and public administration	1,635	535	1,100	2,185	585	1,600
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	20	75	175	25	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,545	515	1,025	2,015	560	1,455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	60	70	365	125	240
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	205	60	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	65	15	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15	55	35	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	40	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	170	70	205	130	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	215	160	65	170	135	40
25. Library science	10	0	10	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	10	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,110	1,970	145	3,145	2,985	160
04. Architecture and related services	75	45	35	25	20	0
14. Engineering	175	140	25	300	265	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	355	325	30	480	440	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	630	605	30	920	885	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	485	490	0	1,040	1,020	20
48. Precision production	385	365	25	375	360	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	65	60	850	640	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	55	40	195	120	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	20	655	525	135
Health and related fields	1,130	195	935	2,575	365	2,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	80	40	45	175	45	130
51. Health professions and related programs	1,045	155	885	2,355	280	2,080
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	45	45	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	795	380	415	1,200	650	550
12. Personal and culinary services	415	80	340	620	135	485
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	200	145	60	115	80	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	155	25	450	420	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,615	8,685	8,935	37,110	18,340	18,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,760	3,880	3,885	18,605	9,210	9,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,855	4,805	5,045	18,510	9,135	9,375
Location of study inside Canada	9,745	4,735	5,010	16,675	8,195	8,480
Same as province or territory of residence	9,620	4,665	4,955	12,595	6,150	6,450
Different than province or territory of residence	125	70	60	4,080	2,040	2,035
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	105	65	35	1,830	940	890
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	540	295	240
Philippines	0	0	0	150	55	95
India	0	0	0	30	0	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	365	210	160
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	25	0	20
Other	85	50	30	715	365	350
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,135	5,980	6,155	23,495	11,415	12,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,075	2,140	1,940	10,225	5,170	5,060
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,055	3,840	4,220	13,265	6,240	7,025
Location of study inside Canada	7,960	3,780	4,180	12,220	5,780	6,435
Same as province or territory of residence	7,855	3,725	4,125	9,485	4,455	5,030
Different than province or territory of residence	105	55	55	2,740	1,325	1,410
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	100	60	40	1,050	465	585
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	0	270	135	140
Philippines	0	0	0	125	55	70
India	0	0	0	30	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	150	65	85
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	10	10	0	15	10	0
Other	75	45	30	440	190	250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,615	8,685	8,935	37,110	18,345	18,770
In the labour force	12,225	6,350	5,875	21,990	11,480	10,505
Employed	11,505	5,940	5,565	19,810	10,115	9,695
Unemployed	725	410	310	2,180	1,370	815
Not in the labour force	5,390	2,335	3,055	15,125	6,860	8,260
Participation rate	69.4	73.1	65.8	59.3	62.6	56.0
Employment rate	65.3	68.4	62.3	53.4	55.1	51.7
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.5	5.3	9.9	11.9	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,615	8,680	8,935	37,110	18,340	18,770
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,055	2,195	2,860	13,625	6,000	7,620
Worked	12,560	6,490	6,070	23,490	12,345	11,150
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,875	3,220	2,655	9,060	5,040	4,020
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,685	3,270	3,420	14,430	7,305	7,130
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.6	43.0	39.8	39.1	40.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	12,230	6,345	5,875	21,990	11,480	10,510
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	110	150	430	220	210
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	11,965	6,240	5,725	21,555	11,255	10,300
Employee	10,680	5,465	5,215	18,320	9,315	9,015
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,285	770	510	3,235	1,945	1,290
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	12,230	6,350	5,875	21,985	11,480	10,510
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	265	115	150	430	225	210
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	11,960	6,235	5,730	21,555	11,255	10,300
0 Management occupations	1,105	680	420	2,150	1,265	890
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,670	450	1,225	2,725	510	2,215
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	625	490	140	1,335	1,070	265
3 Health occupations	925	145	775	1,525	285	1,240
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,525	365	1,165	2,050	490	1,560
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	325	170	150	595	220	375
6 Sales and service occupations	2,735	1,145	1,590	5,225	1,985	3,235
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,335	2,235	100	3,860	3,630	225
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	160	130	35	1,590	1,405	185
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	560	425	135	500	400	105
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	12,225	6,350	5,880	21,990	11,480	10,510
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	110	150	435	225	205
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	11,965	6,235	5,725	21,555	11,255	10,300
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	190	120	70	2,285	1,880	400
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	525	485	40
22 Utilities	95	65	25	145	110	30
23 Construction	1,250	1,085	160	2,020	1,755	265
31-33 Manufacturing	1,350	1,035	315	980	720	255
41 Wholesale trade	395	285	110	440	300	140
44-45 Retail trade	1,695	790	905	2,740	1,175	1,565
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	450	365	90	1,010	780	230
51 Information and cultural industries	255	150	105	270	155	120
52 Finance and insurance	290	65	225	465	145	320
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	90	30	380	180	200
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	465	235	230	1,035	490	545
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	35	15	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	445	265	185	915	525	385
61 Educational services	970	270	705	1,165	295	870
62 Health care and social assistance	1,745	290	1,455	2,775	395	2,380
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	250	115	135	495	255	240
72 Accommodation and food services	665	250	410	1,950	695	1,250
81 Other services (except public administration)	590	350	240	965	445	525
91 Public administration	720	405	315	980	465	515
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,500	5,935	5,565	19,805	10,110	9,695
Worked at home	660	330	330	1,535	660	870
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	45	30	20
No fixed workplace address	1,325	1,065	265	3,445	2,780	665
Worked at usual place	9,505	4,530	4,970	14,780	6,640	8,140
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,500	4,535	4,970	14,780	6,640	8,140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,885	830	1,055	10,070	4,190	5,875
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,140	785	1,360	3,070	1,495	1,570
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,455	2,910	2,550	1,300	665	640
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	345	290	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,830	5,595	5,235	18,225	9,420	8,805
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,625	5,075	4,550	14,075	7,055	7,020
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	345	130	220	1,275	730	535
Public transit	375	145	230	470	260	215
Walked	350	155	195	1,150	480	670
Bicycle	75	55	25	310	185	120
Other method	60	30	25	945	710	245
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,830	5,595	5,235	18,225	9,420	8,805
Less than 15 minutes	2,345	1,035	1,310	9,310	3,985	5,320
15 to 29 minutes	3,130	1,355	1,770	5,245	2,880	2,370
30 to 44 minutes	2,350	1,320	1,035	1,465	875	590
45 to 59 minutes	1,345	930	410	625	365	260
60 minutes and over	1,665	955	705	1,575	1,315	265
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,830	5,595	5,235	18,225	9,420	8,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,560	1,215	345	1,420	1,095	320
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,930	1,125	805	2,655	1,845	815
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,820	1,165	1,655	4,680	2,495	2,190
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,745	590	1,155	4,295	1,635	2,655
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	935	350	580	2,310	830	1,480
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,840	1,150	695	2,860	1,525	1,335
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,865	6,650	6,215	24,305	12,730	11,575
Single responses	12,520	6,440	6,080	24,245	12,705	11,540
Official languages	12,520	6,440	6,075	24,160	12,660	11,500
English	260	170	100	24,095	12,645	11,450
French	12,255	6,270	5,980	60	15	45
Non-official languages	0	0	10	85	45	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	210	135	55	25	35
English and French	325	200	125	40	10	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	15	10
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,865	6,650	6,215	24,305	12,730	11,575
None	10,430	5,270	5,155	23,925	12,580	11,345
English	2,170	1,230	945	70	20	50
French	190	110	85	135	55	75
Non-official language	45	20	25	155	70	85
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	0	30
Non-Aboriginal	45	25	20	125	60	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	21,710	10,740	10,965	43,425	21,585	21,835
Non-movers	19,325	9,615	9,705	36,650	18,245	18,400
Movers	2,380	1,125	1,255	6,775	3,340	3,435
Non-migrants	765	355	415	3,780	1,895	1,885
Migrants	1,615	770	845	2,995	1,450	1,545
Internal migrants	1,595	765	835	2,865	1,375	1,495
Intraprovincial migrants	1,585	760	830	2,055	960	1,095
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	805	410	400
External migrants	20	0	10	130	75	55
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	20,415	10,075	10,345	41,770	20,675	21,100
Non-movers	12,500	6,255	6,245	24,945	12,540	12,400
Movers	7,915	3,820	4,095	16,830	8,130	8,695
Non-migrants	3,265	1,565	1,695	8,800	4,295	4,510
Migrants	4,655	2,255	2,405	8,025	3,840	4,190
Internal migrants	4,590	2,220	2,370	7,500	3,600	3,900
Intraprovincial migrants	4,560	2,210	2,350	5,510	2,635	2,875
Interprovincial migrants	30	10	20	1,990	970	1,020
External migrants	65	30	35	525	240	285

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. L'Assomption, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Strathcona, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Assomption, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Strathcona, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia