Census Profile, 2016 Census
Joliette, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Joliette, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Division No. 2, CDR Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Data quality , Joliette, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Joliette, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	66,550	...	...	22,825	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	63,551	...	...	22,266	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	30,969	...	...	10,741	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	29,703	...	...	9,389	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	159.2	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	418.12	...	...	16,859.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	66,550	31,980	34,570	22,825	11,430	11,395
0 to 14 years	10,115	5,130	4,990	4,545	2,340	2,205
0 to 4 years	3,400	1,750	1,645	1,550	825	730
5 to 9 years	3,670	1,875	1,795	1,555	785	775
10 to 14 years	3,040	1,500	1,535	1,440	735	705
15 to 64 years	41,290	20,260	21,035	14,120	7,190	6,930
15 to 19 years	3,290	1,680	1,620	1,295	650	645
20 to 24 years	3,700	1,860	1,840	1,145	590	555
25 to 29 years	3,760	1,905	1,860	1,480	735	745
30 to 34 years	3,875	1,975	1,895	1,575	770	805
35 to 39 years	4,040	2,010	2,030	1,415	735	680
40 to 44 years	3,520	1,745	1,775	1,310	680	630
45 to 49 years	3,680	1,830	1,850	1,295	670	625
50 to 54 years	4,745	2,250	2,495	1,495	760	730
55 to 59 years	5,510	2,590	2,920	1,630	830	805
60 to 64 years	5,170	2,415	2,750	1,480	770	710
65 years and over	15,145	6,590	8,555	4,160	1,895	2,260
65 to 69 years	4,740	2,210	2,530	1,170	580	585
70 to 74 years	3,930	1,805	2,130	880	440	445
75 to 79 years	2,645	1,205	1,435	710	330	380
80 to 84 years	1,835	740	1,100	630	280	350
85 years and over	1,990	635	1,360	770	275	495
85 to 89 years	1,250	455	795	450	190	260
90 to 94 years	565	145	420	235	70	165
95 to 99 years	165	25	135	70	10	65
100 years and over	15	5	15	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	16.0	14.4	19.9	20.5	19.4
15 to 64 years	62.0	63.4	60.8	61.9	62.9	60.8
65 years and over	22.8	20.6	24.7	18.2	16.6	19.8
85 years and over	3.0	2.0	3.9	3.4	2.4	4.3
Average age of the population	44.3	42.8	45.7	40.6	39.8	41.5
Median age of the population	46.4	44.0	48.5	39.8	39.2	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	29,700	...	...	9,390	...	...
Single-detached house	16,010	...	...	7,395	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	150	...	...	110	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,440	...	...	1,515	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,095	...	...	200	...	...
Row house	535	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,325	...	...	75	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	9,275	...	...	1,080	...	...
Other single-attached house	210	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	110	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
1 person	10,420	...	...	2,705	...	...
2 persons	10,990	...	...	3,500	...	...
3 persons	3,875	...	...	1,225	...	...
4 persons	2,965	...	...	1,135	...	...
5 or more persons	1,455	...	...	820	...	...
Number of persons in private households	63,935	...	...	22,370	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	56,435	26,850	29,585	18,280	9,090	9,190
Married or living common law	31,075	15,475	15,600	11,890	5,970	5,920
Married	17,205	8,555	8,650	10,155	5,100	5,050
Living common law	13,870	6,915	6,950	1,730	865	870
Not married and not living common law	25,365	11,380	13,985	6,390	3,120	3,270
Never married	15,740	8,390	7,345	3,830	2,250	1,580
Separated	765	320	445	375	190	185
Divorced	4,855	1,880	2,975	910	450	460
Widowed	4,005	790	3,220	1,270	225	1,050
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	18,510	...	...	6,510	...	...
2 persons	10,880	...	...	3,480	...	...
3 persons	3,625	...	...	1,175	...	...
4 persons	2,840	...	...	1,110	...	...
5 or more persons	1,170	...	...	735	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	18,510	...	...	6,505	...	...
Total couple families	15,155	...	...	5,815	...	...
Married couples	8,220	...	...	4,945	...	...
Common-law couples	6,930	...	...	865	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,360	...	...	695	...	...
Female parent	2,510	...	...	525	...	...
Male parent	845	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	15,150	...	...	5,815	...	...
Couples without children	8,775	...	...	3,065	...	...
Couples with children	6,380	...	...	2,745	...	...
1 child	2,685	...	...	980	...	...
2 children	2,590	...	...	1,050	...	...
3 or more children	1,105	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,360	...	...	695	...	...
1 child	2,105	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	940	...	...	200	...	...
3 or more children	315	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,625	6,370	7,255	3,490	1,835	1,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
One-census-family households	18,105	...	...	6,385	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,615	...	...	3,025	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	9,490	...	...	3,355	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	205	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,395	...	...	2,945	...	...
One-person households	10,420	...	...	2,705	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	980	...	...	235	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	65,075	31,450	33,625	22,420	11,290	11,130
English only	105	60	45	21,960	11,085	10,875
French only	46,975	21,495	25,480	5	5	0
English and French	17,815	9,820	7,995	405	175	225
Neither English nor French	180	80	100	50	25	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	65,075	31,450	33,625	22,420	11,290	11,130
English	635	330	310	22,235	11,200	11,035
French	64,070	30,945	33,125	130	60	70
English and French	195	105	95	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	175	75	100	45	25	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	735	380	355	135	65	70
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.6	0.6	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	65,075	31,450	33,625	22,425	11,295	11,130
Single responses	64,620	31,235	33,385	22,230	11,200	11,025
Official languages	63,075	30,485	32,585	20,775	10,500	10,275
English	560	275	285	20,610	10,425	10,180
French	62,510	30,215	32,300	165	75	95
Non-official languages	1,550	750	800	1,450	705	745
Aboriginal languages	260	115	140	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	255	120	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	255	115	140	0	0	0
Atikamekw	255	115	140	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,295	630	660	1,450	700	750
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	95	80	20	10	5
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	95	75	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	170	95	75	0	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	0	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	420	195	230
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	365	170	195
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	10	10	5
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	20	10	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	750	360	390	850	425	425
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	40	30	220	95	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	35	30	205	95	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	55	20	30
Russian	10	0	5	35	20	20
Serbian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	105	50	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	20	415	205	210
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	355	180	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	5	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	100	45	55	150	90	65
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	55	140	80	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	60	35	30
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	90	40	45	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	30	20	5
Sindhi	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	10
Iranian languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	505	235	270	50	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	5	5	0
Portuguese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Spanish	420	190	230	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	160	70	90	20	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	20	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	20	45	25	20
Chinese languages	45	20	20	45	25	20
Cantonese	15	5	5	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	5	0	5
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	5
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	455	215	240	195	90	105
English and French	290	140	150	20	10	10
English and non-official language	5	0	5	170	70	95
French and non-official language	135	65	75	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	65,075	31,450	33,625	22,420	11,290	11,130
Single responses	64,450	31,140	33,310	22,055	11,110	10,945
Official languages	63,570	30,705	32,865	21,350	10,770	10,580
English	340	170	170	21,330	10,760	10,570
French	63,230	30,535	32,695	20	10	10
Non-official languages	880	435	445	700	340	365
Aboriginal languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	165	80	80	0	0	0
Atikamekw	160	80	80	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	715	355	365	705	340	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	40	35	10	5	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	40	35	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	250	115	140
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	235	105	130
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	455	220	235	350	180	175
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	75	30	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	70	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	145	80	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	135	75	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	90	40	45	100	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages	90	45	50	100	45	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	40	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	85	40	45	10	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	315	155	160	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	280	140	145	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	40	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	20	30	20	20
Chinese languages	40	20	20	35	20	20
Cantonese	15	5	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	625	310	315	370	185	190
English and French	255	130	120	5	0	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	360	180	180
French and non-official language	330	160	170	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	65,075	31,455	33,625	22,420	11,295	11,130
None	62,135	29,905	32,235	21,575	10,900	10,680
English	1,785	980	810	355	165	195
French	540	265	275	60	20	40
Non-official language	540	270	265	415	200	215
Aboriginal	55	25	35	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	480	245	235	415	200	215
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	25	25	5	0	5
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	53,825	25,990	27,830	17,830	8,930	8,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,280	25,310	26,965	17,280	8,690	8,590
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,996	36,126	26,438	40,459	50,432	32,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,285	25,310	26,970	17,285	8,690	8,595
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,041	31,928	24,496	36,482	43,535	29,896
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,075	22,465	22,605	16,390	8,370	8,020
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,522	33,093	22,834	37,532	48,145	28,523
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,980	19,360	22,620	11,090	4,715	6,375
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,821	8,154	9,521	6,000	5,980	6,005
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,790	18,065	16,720	13,465	7,155	6,315
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,516	33,933	25,410	35,144	45,077	27,550
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	53,825	25,990	27,830	17,830	8,925	8,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,270	25,295	26,980	17,280	8,695	8,585
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,846	42,731	33,267	54,140	65,585	42,548
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,280	25,290	26,990	17,280	8,700	8,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,878	35,233	28,735	44,430	52,245	36,516
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,130	22,570	22,560	16,400	8,365	8,030
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,914	40,252	29,574	51,697	63,593	39,298
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,715	19,185	22,525	11,160	4,745	6,415
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,648	8,976	10,221	7,884	8,057	7,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,785	18,135	16,655	13,465	7,180	6,290
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,071	39,990	31,806	45,408	55,494	33,890
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	53,825	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,925	8,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	14,940	8,030	6,910	6,345	3,930	2,415
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,369	48,139	38,720	55,225	60,993	48,033
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,145	54,882	44,639	63,826	70,907	52,304
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.9	84.3	74.4	90.5	93.4	86.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.7	66.0	58.6	67.1	72.0	59.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.1	15.7	25.6	9.5	6.7	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	53,825	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,905
Without total income	1,550	680	870	550	240	310
With total income	52,280	25,310	26,965	17,285	8,690	8,590
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.4	96.9	96.9	97.3	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,805	2,475	3,330	1,915	755	1,165
$10,000 to $19,999	10,760	4,105	6,655	2,295	905	1,395
$20,000 to $29,999	8,810	3,790	5,020	2,335	880	1,455
$30,000 to $39,999	7,550	3,720	3,830	2,005	845	1,165
$40,000 to $49,999	6,370	3,240	3,130	1,950	915	1,035
$50,000 to $59,999	4,135	2,360	1,780	1,560	855	705
$60,000 to $69,999	3,005	1,850	1,160	1,190	715	470
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	1,310	915	980	625	360
$80,000 to $89,999	1,240	780	460	735	490	250
$90,000 to $99,999	715	490	225	585	370	215
$100,000 and over	1,660	1,195	465	1,720	1,340	380
$100,000 to $149,999	1,140	800	340	1,200	905	290
$150,000 and over	515	390	125	525	435	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	53,820	25,990	27,830	17,830	8,930	8,900
Without after-tax income	1,535	680	860	545	240	310
With after-tax income	52,285	25,315	26,975	17,285	8,690	8,595
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.4	96.9	96.9	97.3	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,070	2,540	3,535	1,950	770	1,180
$10,000 to $19,999	11,285	4,355	6,930	2,450	950	1,500
$20,000 to $29,999	10,755	4,750	6,000	2,640	1,005	1,630
$30,000 to $39,999	9,465	4,880	4,580	2,580	1,155	1,420
$40,000 to $49,999	6,200	3,430	2,765	2,250	1,180	1,070
$50,000 to $59,999	4,015	2,445	1,570	1,720	1,045	670
$60,000 to $69,999	2,150	1,275	875	1,180	760	415
$70,000 to $79,999	980	660	325	845	550	300
$80,000 and over	1,370	975	395	1,675	1,265	405
$80,000 to $89,999	455	315	135	535	365	170
$90,000 to $99,999	245	175	70	360	265	90
$100,000 and over	670	485	185	775	635	145
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	53,825	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,900
Without employment income	19,040	7,925	11,110	4,365	1,775	2,590
With employment income	34,785	18,065	16,725	13,465	7,155	6,310
Percentage with employment income	64.6	69.5	60.1	75.5	80.1	70.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,685	2,530	2,150	1,970	970	1,000
$5,000 to $9,999	2,720	1,155	1,565	1,090	475	610
$10,000 to $19,999	5,455	2,315	3,135	1,635	705	935
$20,000 to $29,999	4,765	2,155	2,605	1,390	590	800
$30,000 to $39,999	4,595	2,240	2,355	1,300	525	775
$40,000 to $49,999	3,690	1,920	1,770	1,280	620	660
$50,000 to $59,999	2,550	1,560	985	990	535	460
$60,000 to $69,999	2,090	1,320	770	840	515	330
$70,000 to $79,999	1,710	1,030	680	710	465	240
$80,000 and over	2,530	1,835	695	2,255	1,750	505
$80,000 to $89,999	890	610	280	585	395	185
$90,000 to $99,999	525	375	150	425	290	135
$100,000 and over	1,120	845	270	1,240	1,060	180
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,626	...	...	77,118	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,685	...	...	67,157	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,415	...	...	2,710	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,590	...	...	38,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,361	...	...	34,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	19,285	...	...	6,685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,633	...	...	96,143	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,529	...	...	82,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,601	...	...	99,662	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,108	...	...	81,788	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,420	...	...	2,690	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,966	...	...	56,718	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,623	...	...	46,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	19,285	...	...	6,700	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,149	...	...	116,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,875	...	...	95,915	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	29,705	...	...	9,385	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	495	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,285	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,730	...	...	380	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,815	...	...	380	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,430	...	...	325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,840	...	...	380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,770	...	...	345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,690	...	...	380	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,530	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,690	...	...	690	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,370	...	...	690	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,080	...	...	610	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,750	...	...	575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,330	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,660	...	...	3,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,475	...	...	1,125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,435	...	...	745	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,125	...	...	860	...	...
$200,000 and over	630	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
Under $5,000	265	...	...	115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	510	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,290	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,835	...	...	395	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,010	...	...	425	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,765	...	...	365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,260	...	...	445	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,085	...	...	415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,920	...	...	470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,735	...	...	450	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,230	...	...	810	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,595	...	...	800	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,035	...	...	780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,590	...	...	675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,210	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,375	...	...	2,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,915	...	...	1,030	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	760	...	...	650	...	...
$150,000 and over	700	...	...	765	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	18,575	...	...	6,515	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,110	...	...	95,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,761	...	...	81,907	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,470	...	...	3,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,828	...	...	86,293	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,466	...	...	74,441	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,405	...	...	2,760	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,896	...	...	119,083	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,317	...	...	100,352	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,265	...	...	660	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,018	...	...	55,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,217	...	...	50,432	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	18,555	...	...	6,495	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,738	...	...	116,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,222	...	...	95,777	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,465	...	...	3,010	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,825	...	...	105,982	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,516	...	...	87,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,405	...	...	2,760	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,467	...	...	140,554	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,327	...	...	114,411	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,245	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,724	...	...	65,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,613	...	...	56,202	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,520	5,910	6,615	3,250	1,695	1,555
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,313	28,426	24,730	38,208	44,176	32,192
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,749	26,071	23,781	34,136	38,874	29,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,520	5,830	6,690	3,275	1,685	1,580
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,897	35,915	32,138	54,071	55,420	52,632
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,037	30,006	28,192	44,577	45,050	44,073
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	63,935	31,115	32,815	22,370	11,270	11,105
In the bottom half of the distribution	39,995	18,915	21,080	9,825	4,745	5,080
In the bottom decile	6,910	3,285	3,620	1,520	790	730
In the second decile	8,150	3,545	4,610	2,015	890	1,120
In the third decile	8,505	4,090	4,415	1,860	875	990
In the fourth decile	8,505	4,105	4,395	2,180	1,085	1,100
In the fifth decile	7,925	3,885	4,040	2,250	1,115	1,140
In the top half of the distribution	23,935	12,200	11,735	12,545	6,520	6,025
In the sixth decile	7,225	3,660	3,565	2,450	1,260	1,190
In the seventh decile	6,325	3,220	3,110	2,475	1,265	1,215
In the eighth decile	4,930	2,515	2,410	2,705	1,395	1,310
In the ninth decile	3,365	1,740	1,630	2,550	1,320	1,225
In the top decile	2,090	1,070	1,020	2,365	1,275	1,085
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	63,930	31,110	32,820	22,370	11,265	11,105
0 to 17 years	12,030	6,095	5,930	5,335	2,735	2,600
0 to 5 years	4,140	2,120	2,020	1,870	990	880
18 to 64 years	39,030	19,160	19,870	13,265	6,755	6,505
65 years and over	12,870	5,865	7,015	3,775	1,775	2,000
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,620	4,710	5,910	2,450	1,180	1,275
0 to 17 years	2,105	1,090	1,015	700	360	340
0 to 5 years	730	380	350	255	135	115
18 to 64 years	6,040	2,790	3,255	1,230	620	605
65 years and over	2,475	835	1,640	520	195	330
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.6	15.1	18.0	11.0	10.5	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.5	17.9	17.1	13.1	13.2	13.1
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	17.9	17.3	13.6	13.6	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.6	16.4	9.3	9.2	9.3
65 years and over (%)	19.2	14.2	23.4	13.8	11.0	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,110	2,550	2,560	855	455	400
0 to 17 years	1,000	510	485	255	130	120
0 to 5 years	355	175	180	100	50	50
18 to 64 years	3,840	1,945	1,895	550	305	245
65 years and over	265	95	170	50	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	8.2	7.8	3.8	4.0	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.4	8.2	4.8	4.8	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.3	8.9	5.3	5.1	5.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	10.2	9.5	4.1	4.5	3.8
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.6	2.4	1.3	0.8	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	63,930	31,110	32,815	22,375	11,265	11,105
Official languages	63,750	31,040	32,705	22,320	11,245	11,070
English	17,765	9,640	8,125	22,305	11,240	11,065
French	63,620	30,960	32,660	435	185	250
Non-official languages	3,260	1,550	1,705	1,790	905	885
Aboriginal languages	330	140	195	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	325	130	195	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	320	125	195	10	0	0
Atikamekw	315	130	190	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,930	1,420	1,510	1,785	905	880
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	150	95	40	25	15
Berber languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	140	95	45	25	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	225	135	95	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	25	20	510	230	285
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	20	10	490	225	270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	35	55	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	35	45	15	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,220	1,060	1,160	1,050	555	495
Albanian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	35	205	100	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	35	35	205	100	105
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	40	20	15
Russian	15	0	10	100	50	40
Serbian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	120	40	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	120	65	55	445	220	215
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	50	20	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	95	50	45	360	190	170
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	15	10	10
Greek	20	15	10	20	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	120	45	75	270	150	120
Indo-Aryan languages	105	40	65	270	155	120
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	105	50	50
Hindi	0	0	0	175	105	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	90	30	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,875	880	990	115	80	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	160	90	75	0	0	10
Portuguese	120	65	55	10	0	10
Romanian	20	10	10	0	10	0
Spanish	1,610	740	870	100	75	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	170	85	90	45	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swahili	75	45	30	10	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	20	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	35	40	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	30	20	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	30	20	10
Chinese languages	85	40	45	30	20	10
Cantonese	50	25	30	20	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	15	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	25	0	10
Lao	35	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	20	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	63,930	31,115	32,815	22,370	11,265	11,105
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	63,195	30,760	32,435	21,290	10,755	10,530
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,820	6,045	5,780	5,065	2,625	2,435
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	51,370	24,720	26,655	16,225	8,130	8,095
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	740	355	380	1,085	515	575
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	63,930	31,115	32,815	22,375	11,265	11,105
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	62,090	30,200	31,895	20,660	10,440	10,215
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,695	835	855	1,580	750	835
Before 1981	350	195	155	235	125	110
1981 to 1990	160	95	70	90	40	50
1991 to 2000	255	125	135	185	85	105
2001 to 2010	580	255	330	245	125	115
2001 to 2005	240	125	115	85	40	40
2006 to 2010	345	130	210	160	90	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	350	180	170	825	370	455
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	145	80	65	135	80	60
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,695	840	855	1,580	750	830
Under 5 years	245	85	155	190	85	100
5 to 14 years	300	150	145	335	170	170
15 to 24 years	375	190	180	270	115	160
25 to 44 years	675	365	310	755	360	395
45 years and over	105	45	65	25	20	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,695	840	855	1,580	750	835
Americas	525	215	310	320	125	190
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	265	110	160	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	60	15	40	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	10	0	0	100	50	60
Peru	15	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	15	30	140	45	95
Other places of birth in Americas	115	65	45	50	20	25
Europe	570	300	270	350	160	185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	300	160	145	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	30	20	10
Greece	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	15	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	35	10	20
Poland	10	10	0	10	0	10
Portugal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	25	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	20	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	35	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	10	0	140	75	65
Other places of birth in Europe	150	80	70	0	10	0
Africa	260	145	110	95	55	45
Algeria	40	30	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	20	15	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	150	70	80	70	40	35
Asia	340	175	170	805	395	410
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	15	40	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	0	15	10	0
India	0	0	0	215	125	95
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	35	30
Philippines	20	10	10	460	200	260
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	35	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	10	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	70	80	35	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	350	175	175	825	375	455
Americas	125	60	65	55	10	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	95	35	65	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	10	0	15
Europe	40	25	15	75	25	50
France	35	25	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	55	25	30	55	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	10	20	45	20	20
Asia	135	70	60	635	300	335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	180	90	85
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	35	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Philippines	10	0	0	385	170	210
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	25	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	30	25	10	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	63,930	31,115	32,820	22,375	11,270	11,105
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,900	935	960	1,820	910	915
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,985	990	995	2,870	1,385	1,480
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	60,045	29,190	30,855	17,690	8,975	8,710
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,365	650	715	1,360	635	720
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	435	240	195	1,010	510	500
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	195	160	30	390	260	130
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	240	75	165	625	255	370
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	380	150	230	255	80	175
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	550	260	290	90	45	50
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	63,930	31,115	32,815	22,370	11,265	11,105
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,020	475	545	660	345	315
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	995	470	520	645	340	305
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	615	300	315	150	75	65
Métis	375	170	210	490	260	230
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	20	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	62,905	30,640	32,270	21,710	10,920	10,795
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	63,935	31,115	32,820	22,370	11,265	11,105
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	470	200	270	140	80	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	63,460	30,915	32,545	22,230	11,185	11,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	63,930	31,115	32,815	22,375	11,270	11,105
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	885	400	490	85	35	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	830	360	470	80	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	750	325	425	40	20	25
Métis single ancestry	80	35	45	45	20	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	40	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,780	810	975	850	420	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,750	790	965	830	415	415
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,515	675	840	270	170	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	115	105	550	245	305
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	20	10	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	10	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	61,265	29,905	31,360	21,440	10,810	10,635
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	63,930	31,115	32,815	22,375	11,265	11,105
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,490	715	775	1,335	670	665
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	45	70	350	190	155
Chinese	125	55	75	40	30	10
Black	515	250	265	190	90	100
Filipino	35	20	10	565	255	310
Latin American	350	175	180	40	20	20
Arab	160	95	65	25	15	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	100	60	45	40	15	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	25	10	0
Korean	0	10	0	10	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	10	30	20	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	60	10	50	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	62,440	30,400	32,040	21,045	10,600	10,440
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	63,935	31,115	32,815	22,370	11,270	11,105
North American Aboriginal origins	2,665	1,210	1,460	930	460	470
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,345	1,060	1,290	330	190	140
Inuit	15	0	15	10	0	0
Métis	390	210	175	615	275	335
Other North American origins	50,930	24,795	26,135	6,335	3,145	3,195
Acadian	595	275	325	25	10	20
American	350	155	195	470	210	260
Canadian	47,590	23,110	24,480	5,950	2,955	2,995
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,970	1,505	1,460	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	20,440	9,895	10,545	17,920	8,975	8,945
British Isles origins	4,295	1,995	2,295	11,155	5,435	5,720
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	720	365	360	6,205	2,900	3,305
Irish	3,060	1,375	1,680	4,205	1,990	2,215
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	885	430	460	5,080	2,465	2,615
Welsh	30	15	20	495	240	255
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	50	20	30	365	200	165
French origins	16,075	7,750	8,320	3,020	1,375	1,650
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	125	80	45	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,990	7,705	8,290	3,020	1,375	1,650
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,085	550	530	8,825	4,420	4,410
Austrian	0	0	0	305	175	130
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	350	185	165	625	345	280
Dutch	95	50	40	845	435	415
Flemish	10	10	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	600	290	315	7,515	3,695	3,820
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	70	35	30	135	70	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	0	10	3,880	1,985	1,895
Danish	0	0	0	260	130	130
Finnish	0	0	0	75	30	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	115	50	65
Norwegian	10	0	15	2,550	1,305	1,245
Swedish	0	0	0	1,090	565	530
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	155	90	65
Eastern European origins	385	190	190	4,605	2,285	2,325
Bulgarian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	90	35	50
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	30	25	705	315	385
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	160	85	80	1,480	700	785
Romanian	30	15	15	425	220	200
Russian	40	20	20	565	340	225
Slovak	10	0	10	50	20	25
Ukrainian	115	50	60	2,155	1,020	1,135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,440	725	720	345	190	155
Albanian	25	0	20	10	10	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	50	60	20	0	20
Italian	880	435	445	125	75	45
Kosovar	45	25	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	75	55	60	35	25
Serbian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	265	135	135	110	55	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	30	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	45	50	55	45	10
Basque	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jewish	40	30	10	20	20	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	20	20	25	25	0
Caribbean origins	345	190	155	80	35	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	40	20	20	10	10	0
Dominican	35	20	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	220	115	105	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	10	0	45	15	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	20	20	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	30	0	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	535	260	275	200	95	100
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	100	55	45	25	0	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	35	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	30	15	15	10	0	0
Colombian	210	100	115	10	10	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	25	20	10
Mexican	45	20	25	115	60	60
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	580	285	295	175	105	65
Central and West African origins	85	45	35	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	200	115	85	20	15	10
Algerian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Berber	25	15	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	85	45	50	20	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	150	60	90	75	55	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burundian	75	30	50	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other African origins	155	65	85	65	30	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	150	65	85	50	20	30
Asian origins	655	310	345	1,120	555	560
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	245	125	125	40	25	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	65	35	25	10	10	0
Armenian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	30	60	25	15	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	10	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	125	45	80	365	200	155
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	70	25	45	0	0	0
East Indian	35	10	20	360	195	160
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	275	135	140	720	335	385
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	140	65	75	85	50	35
Filipino	40	25	15	600	265	335
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	10	0	10
Laotian	55	40	15	0	10	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	25	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	20	0	35	20	10
Australian	10	10	0	20	15	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
Owner	17,660	...	...	7,430	...	...
Renter	12,040	...	...	1,960	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	29,705	...	...	9,385	...	...
Condominium	2,180	...	...	635	...	...
Not condominium	27,530	...	...	8,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	29,705	...	...	9,385	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	4,060	...	...	765	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,770	...	...	2,045	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,460	...	...	3,125	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,330	...	...	3,440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,375	...	...	1,590	...	...
5 rooms	5,615	...	...	1,345	...	...
6 rooms	3,630	...	...	1,475	...	...
7 rooms	3,255	...	...	1,310	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,830	...	...	3,680	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	29,585	...	...	9,300	...	...
More than 1 person per room	115	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	29,705	...	...	9,385	...	...
Suitable	29,015	...	...	9,190	...	...
Not suitable	690	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	29,700	...	...	9,390	...	...
1960 or before	5,170	...	...	2,745	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,260	...	...	3,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,480	...	...	1,190	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,345	...	...	405	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,100	...	...	245	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,125	...	...	490	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,220	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	29,700	...	...	9,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	28,300	...	...	8,580	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,405	...	...	815	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
1 household maintainer	19,350	...	...	5,965	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,090	...	...	3,325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	260	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	29,705	...	...	9,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,025	...	...	345	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,965	...	...	1,560	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,485	...	...	1,545	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,035	...	...	1,570	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,575	...	...	1,780	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,375	...	...	1,255	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,630	...	...	885	...	...
85 years and over	615	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	29,530	...	...	8,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,330	...	...	7,010	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,200	...	...	1,280	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,720	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,540	...	...	6,395	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.6	...	...	52.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.1	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	847	...	...	787	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	903	...	...	1,033	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,324	...	...	250,601	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	223,285	...	...	273,153	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,015	...	...	1,905	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.6	...	...	20.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	33.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	672	...	...	837	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	707	...	...	880	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	53,820	25,995	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,500	6,550	5,945	3,880	2,295	1,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,795	5,765	7,025	6,010	3,160	2,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,530	13,675	14,855	7,935	3,475	4,460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,930	6,730	4,195	2,245	1,520	725
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,945	4,365	3,580	1,045	590	455
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,980	2,370	615	1,200	930	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,955	3,420	5,535	3,015	925	2,090
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,735	615	1,125	630	240	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,910	2,910	4,005	2,045	785	1,255
Bachelor's degree	4,950	2,040	2,910	1,685	615	1,070
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	550	195	360	105	50	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	180	130	55	40	15
Master's degree	925	400	525	195	80	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175	90	85	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,005	16,625	17,375	11,625	5,875	5,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,645	3,285	2,365	1,435	970	460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,995	3,410	3,585	4,150	2,255	1,890
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,360	9,930	11,430	6,045	2,650	3,395
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,430	4,995	3,435	1,665	1,150	515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,150	3,190	2,965	745	430	315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,280	1,810	475	915	720	200
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,345	2,410	3,930	2,290	720	1,570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,110	385	725	380	170	215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,475	2,140	3,340	1,705	605	1,100
Bachelor's degree	3,940	1,535	2,400	1,385	470	915
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	400	125	280	85	30	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	130	120	50	35	20
Master's degree	755	290	460	185	65	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	140	60	80	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	53,820	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,295	12,320	12,975	9,895	5,455	4,440
Education	3,015	735	2,275	805	135	670
13. Education	3,015	740	2,280	805	135	665
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	805	405	395	125	45	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	115	40	30	10	20
50. Visual and performing arts	650	290	360	90	30	55
Humanities	1,150	500	650	265	105	155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	20	65	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	655	280	375	45	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	60	35	130	65	70
54. History	80	45	40	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	185	60	125	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,880	520	1,360	440	140	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	35	95	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	530	30	500	150	10	145
22. Legal professions and studies	375	145	230	65	20	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	455	120	340	60	25	40
45. Social sciences	315	185	135	120	75	50
Business, management and public administration	5,705	1,720	3,980	1,520	330	1,195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	345	100	240	135	10	120
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,360	1,620	3,740	1,385	315	1,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	700	360	340	90	35	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	175	80	100	35	15	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	100	15	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	205	70	135	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	145	90	55	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	40	25	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	555	365	190	95	45	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	485	330	160	85	40	40
25. Library science	35	10	25	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	25	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,535	6,225	305	1,895	1,760	135
04. Architecture and related services	145	90	50	30	10	20
14. Engineering	485	430	55	165	120	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,235	1,130	105	265	230	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,635	1,610	20	425	420	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,695	1,645	45	755	740	15
48. Precision production	1,350	1,320	30	255	235	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	815	570	250	545	415	130
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	545	325	220	485	375	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	245	30	55	45	20
Health and related fields	4,410	725	3,685	1,475	200	1,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	160	90	70	55	20	35
51. Health professions and related programs	4,135	565	3,575	1,405	175	1,235
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	70	45	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,955	1,530	1,420	680	265	420
12. Personal and culinary services	1,700	470	1,230	465	75	390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	525	425	105	100	80	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	715	630	90	110	115	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,000	16,630	17,375	11,625	5,875	5,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,645	6,695	5,950	5,580	3,225	2,355
Education	2,020	445	1,570	495	70	425
13. Education	2,020	445	1,575	495	70	420
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	620	305	310	100	25	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	80	30	25	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	510	225	280	65	20	50
Humanities	695	300	395	190	65	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	20	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	0	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	390	170	220	40	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	20	10	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	20	85	45	40
54. History	70	35	35	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	110	35	75	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,475	365	1,115	390	115	275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	25	70	45	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	425	25	400	135	10	125
22. Legal professions and studies	300	105	195	60	20	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	380	75	305	50	10	35
45. Social sciences	240	120	115	100	50	45
Business, management and public administration	4,460	1,225	3,230	1,150	260	895
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	60	190	100	10	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,210	1,165	3,040	1,045	250	795
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	235	185	65	25	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	65	75	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	60	10	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	20	10	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	130	80	55	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	485	320	165	85	45	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	430	285	150	75	45	35
25. Library science	30	0	25	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	0	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,885	4,620	270	1,435	1,325	105
04. Architecture and related services	135	85	50	15	10	10
14. Engineering	375	320	55	125	90	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	945	865	80	225	195	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,190	1,170	20	350	350	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,245	1,205	40	540	525	15
48. Precision production	995	975	25	190	175	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	450	210	430	335	100
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	435	250	195	380	295	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	200	15	55	35	20
Health and related fields	3,310	525	2,790	1,140	155	980
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	120	65	60	45	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs	3,115	425	2,695	1,085	135	950
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	40	35	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,330	1,135	1,195	555	225	335
12. Personal and culinary services	1,320	305	1,015	365	60	310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	420	315	100	90	65	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	590	515	75	105	105	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	53,820	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,295	12,320	12,975	9,895	5,455	4,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,530	13,675	14,860	7,935	3,475	4,460
Location of study inside Canada	27,965	13,320	14,645	7,145	3,100	4,050
Same as province or territory of residence	27,710	13,210	14,500	5,685	2,425	3,260
Different than province or territory of residence	255	115	145	1,460	670	785
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	565	350	210	790	380	410
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	25	170	70	95
Philippines	20	10	0	245	95	155
India	0	0	0	135	70	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	40	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	175	135	45	0	0	0
Other	295	170	125	200	110	95
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,000	16,630	17,375	11,625	5,875	5,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,640	6,695	5,950	5,580	3,225	2,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	21,360	9,930	11,425	6,040	2,650	3,395
Location of study inside Canada	20,900	9,650	11,250	5,335	2,310	3,025
Same as province or territory of residence	20,740	9,580	11,155	4,145	1,765	2,380
Different than province or territory of residence	165	70	95	1,190	545	645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	455	280	175	710	340	370
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	15	20	130	60	70
Philippines	20	15	0	245	90	150
India	10	0	10	120	65	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	25	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	130	105	25	0	0	0
Other	245	135	105	190	100	90
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	53,825	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,905
In the labour force	31,565	16,315	15,250	12,635	6,990	5,645
Employed	29,305	14,915	14,390	11,935	6,570	5,365
Unemployed	2,255	1,400	865	705	420	280
Not in the labour force	22,260	9,680	12,585	5,200	1,940	3,255
Participation rate	58.6	62.8	54.8	70.9	78.3	63.4
Employment rate	54.4	57.4	51.7	66.9	73.6	60.2
Unemployment rate	7.1	8.6	5.7	5.6	6.0	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	53,825	25,990	27,835	17,830	8,930	8,900
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	21,205	9,240	11,965	4,375	1,680	2,700
Worked	32,620	16,750	15,870	13,450	7,250	6,200
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	15,295	8,255	7,035	6,805	4,230	2,575
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	17,330	8,495	8,830	6,645	3,025	3,625
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	42.9	43.1	42.7	43.7	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	31,565	16,315	15,250	12,630	6,985	5,645
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	950	525	425	75	35	40
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	30,610	15,785	14,825	12,560	6,945	5,610
Employee	27,015	13,600	13,425	9,530	4,895	4,635
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,595	2,190	1,405	3,025	2,050	970
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	31,565	16,315	15,250	12,635	6,985	5,650
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	955	525	425	75	35	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	30,610	15,785	14,825	12,560	6,950	5,610
0 Management occupations	2,595	1,640	955	2,535	1,810	725
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,855	1,045	2,810	1,655	280	1,375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,250	965	285	365	255	110
3 Health occupations	2,905	500	2,405	830	95	740
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,115	1,090	3,030	985	230	755
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	645	310	330	195	30	165
6 Sales and service occupations	7,310	3,045	4,260	2,040	720	1,325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,285	5,085	205	2,125	2,005	115
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	540	460	85	1,345	1,125	230
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,110	1,650	465	480	400	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	31,565	16,315	15,250	12,635	6,985	5,645
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	955	525	425	75	40	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	30,610	15,785	14,825	12,560	6,950	5,610
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	620	440	185	2,665	1,885	780
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	10	1,145	945	195
22 Utilities	150	120	30	155	110	40
23 Construction	2,260	2,035	220	905	770	135
31-33 Manufacturing	3,970	3,160	810	445	365	75
41 Wholesale trade	1,080	850	230	435	295	140
44-45 Retail trade	4,295	1,890	2,405	1,095	505	590
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,205	955	250	490	345	145
51 Information and cultural industries	440	265	180	160	50	105
52 Finance and insurance	795	270	530	365	60	310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	360	255	110	120	80	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,280	635	645	440	220	220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	25	0	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,045	690	360	210	125	80
61 Educational services	2,445	680	1,765	635	140	490
62 Health care and social assistance	5,280	980	4,300	1,485	180	1,310
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	515	295	225	165	75	95
72 Accommodation and food services	1,980	855	1,120	560	215	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,635	750	885	575	310	260
91 Public administration	1,220	640	580	510	260	245
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	29,305	14,920	14,390	11,935	6,570	5,365
Worked at home	1,695	730	965	2,495	1,570	925
Worked outside Canada	55	40	10	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,440	1,900	535	2,075	1,710	365
Worked at usual place	25,120	12,245	12,875	7,360	3,285	4,075
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,120	12,245	12,875	7,360	3,285	4,070
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,535	3,080	3,455	4,320	1,770	2,550
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,815	4,585	6,225	2,150	1,055	1,095
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,745	4,550	3,195	880	455	425
Commute to a different province or territory	30	30	0	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	27,560	14,150	13,410	9,430	5,000	4,435
Car, truck, van - as a driver	24,085	12,420	11,670	8,110	4,430	3,680
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	880	380	495	510	225	285
Public transit	320	130	185	15	10	10
Walked	1,705	845	865	595	225	370
Bicycle	290	240	55	90	50	50
Other method	270	120	150	115	70	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	27,560	14,150	13,415	9,430	4,995	4,435
Less than 15 minutes	12,230	5,590	6,640	5,430	2,565	2,865
15 to 29 minutes	8,500	4,145	4,355	1,690	925	765
30 to 44 minutes	3,295	1,875	1,420	1,105	655	450
45 to 59 minutes	1,435	980	460	470	290	180
60 minutes and over	2,095	1,555	535	745	565	180
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	27,560	14,145	13,410	9,430	5,000	4,435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,830	1,490	335	700	520	180
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,410	3,080	1,335	2,265	1,565	700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,680	3,985	4,695	3,100	1,640	1,460
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,515	2,015	3,500	1,770	625	1,140
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,305	895	1,405	650	250	400
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,820	2,690	2,135	950	390	555
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	33,595	17,240	16,350	13,880	7,475	6,395
Single responses	33,000	16,890	16,110	13,865	7,475	6,390
Official languages	32,965	16,860	16,105	13,865	7,475	6,390
English	440	280	165	13,845	7,470	6,375
French	32,520	16,580	15,945	15	0	15
Non-official languages	35	30	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	20	15	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	595	355	245	10	10	10
English and French	525	315	205	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	50	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	33,595	17,245	16,355	13,875	7,480	6,400
None	29,325	14,785	14,550	13,770	7,425	6,345
English	3,735	2,160	1,570	10	0	0
French	325	195	135	20	10	0
Non-official language	120	55	60	75	45	35
Aboriginal	35	10	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	45	35	80	45	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	35	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	15	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	63,300	30,825	32,475	21,995	11,060	10,930
Non-movers	56,020	27,175	28,850	19,495	9,790	9,710
Movers	7,280	3,655	3,620	2,500	1,270	1,225
Non-migrants	3,205	1,580	1,620	1,295	685	610
Migrants	4,075	2,080	2,000	1,205	590	615
Internal migrants	3,920	1,980	1,940	1,045	505	540
Intraprovincial migrants	3,885	1,960	1,925	755	355	405
Interprovincial migrants	35	25	15	285	150	135
External migrants	155	95	60	165	85	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	60,530	29,280	31,250	20,820	10,395	10,430
Non-movers	38,565	18,630	19,935	13,365	6,740	6,625
Movers	21,965	10,655	11,310	7,460	3,650	3,805
Non-migrants	8,990	4,235	4,760	3,035	1,445	1,590
Migrants	12,970	6,420	6,550	4,425	2,210	2,215
Internal migrants	12,505	6,185	6,320	3,640	1,845	1,790
Intraprovincial migrants	12,380	6,130	6,255	2,555	1,285	1,270
Interprovincial migrants	125	55	65	1,080	560	525
External migrants	465	240	230	790	365	425

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Joliette, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 2, CDR [Census division], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Joliette, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Joliette, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Joliette, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan