Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Billings, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Montcalm, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Billings, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Billings, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	52,596	...	...	603	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	48,378	...	...	506	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.7	...	...	19.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	23,295	...	...	731	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	21,608	...	...	278	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	74.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	711.02	...	...	209.64	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	52,595	27,145	25,455	605	295	305
0 to 14 years	9,810	5,140	4,665	60	30	30
0 to 4 years	3,595	1,905	1,685	25	15	10
5 to 9 years	3,435	1,785	1,645	15	5	15
10 to 14 years	2,780	1,450	1,330	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	35,155	18,130	17,035	350	175	175
15 to 19 years	2,630	1,295	1,340	15	10	5
20 to 24 years	2,970	1,540	1,430	30	15	10
25 to 29 years	3,615	1,750	1,865	20	10	10
30 to 34 years	3,560	1,840	1,720	10	5	10
35 to 39 years	3,615	1,855	1,765	20	10	10
40 to 44 years	3,080	1,625	1,450	25	15	5
45 to 49 years	3,445	1,795	1,655	40	15	25
50 to 54 years	4,460	2,335	2,125	50	25	30
55 to 59 years	4,280	2,275	2,005	60	35	25
60 to 64 years	3,505	1,815	1,690	75	40	35
65 years and over	7,630	3,875	3,760	190	95	100
65 to 69 years	2,855	1,500	1,355	70	30	45
70 to 74 years	2,070	1,105	975	50	25	20
75 to 79 years	1,315	685	635	40	15	20
80 to 84 years	785	375	415	20	10	10
85 years and over	595	215	380	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	400	150	245	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	160	55	100	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	35	5	30	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	5	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.7	18.9	18.3	9.9	10.2	9.8
15 to 64 years	66.8	66.8	66.9	57.9	59.3	57.4
65 years and over	14.5	14.3	14.8	31.4	32.2	32.8
85 years and over	1.1	0.8	1.5	2.5	1.7	3.3
Average age of the population	39.7	39.6	39.8	51.4	50.9	51.9
Median age of the population	40.2	40.5	39.9	57.7	57.7	57.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	21,610	...	...	280	...	...
Single-detached house	17,385	...	...	265	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,940	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	640	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	125	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,035	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,075	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	280	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	21,605	...	...	275	...	...
1 person	5,775	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	7,910	...	...	145	...	...
3 persons	3,535	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	2,830	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	1,550	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	52,035	...	...	600	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	42,790	22,005	20,790	545	265	275
Married or living common law	25,810	12,920	12,890	390	200	195
Married	12,205	6,115	6,090	335	170	165
Living common law	13,605	6,805	6,805	50	25	25
Not married and not living common law	16,980	9,080	7,900	150	70	80
Never married	11,695	6,765	4,930	80	45	35
Separated	575	310	260	15	5	10
Divorced	2,650	1,360	1,295	20	10	10
Widowed	2,055	645	1,410	40	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,310	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	8,070	...	...	155	...	...
3 persons	3,395	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	2,660	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,310	...	...	210	...	...
Total couple families	12,790	...	...	190	...	...
Married couples	5,990	...	...	165	...	...
Common-law couples	6,800	...	...	30	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,520	...	...	20	...	...
Female parent	1,780	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	740	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	12,790	...	...	190	...	...
Couples without children	6,505	...	...	140	...	...
Couples with children	6,280	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	2,710	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	2,465	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	1,110	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,520	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	1,565	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	680	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	270	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,725	5,165	3,565	85	30	55
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	21,610	...	...	275	...	...
One-census-family households	14,780	...	...	200	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,285	...	...	135	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,495	...	...	65	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	260	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,565	...	...	75	...	...
One-person households	5,780	...	...	70	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	785	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	52,215	26,975	25,240	600	300	305
English only	115	60	55	515	255	255
French only	37,015	18,530	18,485	0	0	0
English and French	15,035	8,350	6,680	90	40	55
Neither English nor French	50	35	20	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	52,215	26,980	25,235	605	295	305
English	895	475	420	550	275	285
French	51,065	26,360	24,705	50	30	25
English and French	210	115	90	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	40	30	15	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,000	530	465	50	25	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	2.0	1.8	8.3	8.5	6.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	52,210	26,975	25,235	600	300	305
Single responses	51,745	26,730	25,015	595	295	300
Official languages	50,960	26,295	24,665	575	280	290
English	760	395	365	520	255	265
French	50,205	25,900	24,305	50	25	25
Non-official languages	785	440	350	20	10	15
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	785	435	345	25	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	50	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	50	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	525	295	230	25	10	15
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	30	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	20	30	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	5
Russian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	20	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	405	235	170	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	90	35	0	0	5
Portuguese	65	35	30	0	5	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	195	105	95	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	465	245	220	5	0	5
English and French	320	165	155	5	0	5
English and non-official language	20	15	5	0	0	5
French and non-official language	95	45	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	52,215	26,975	25,235	600	295	305
Single responses	51,705	26,705	25,000	600	300	305
Official languages	51,455	26,565	24,890	600	295	305
English	580	305	275	585	290	290
French	50,875	26,260	24,615	15	10	10
Non-official languages	250	140	110	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	245	140	110	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	90	65	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	75	55	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	75	45	30	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	510	270	235	5	0	5
English and French	280	150	125	5	0	0
English and non-official language	25	20	10	5	0	0
French and non-official language	165	80	80	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	25	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	52,210	26,975	25,240	600	300	305
None	49,520	25,535	23,980	555	270	280
English	1,870	1,000	870	10	0	5
French	325	165	160	25	10	10
Non-official language	380	205	170	15	10	5
Aboriginal	5	5	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	375	205	170	10	5	0
English and French	25	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	50	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	42,240	21,760	20,480	545	265	280
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,740	21,150	19,590	525	260	260
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,304	36,083	24,852	34,816	37,824	30,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,750	21,150	19,600	525	265	265
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,458	31,849	23,297	31,040	35,200	27,136
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,660	18,725	15,940	475	250	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,248	33,691	21,057	28,992	31,680	26,944
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,775	16,350	16,425	405	200	205
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,971	6,983	8,837	10,944	12,000	10,656
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,425	16,100	13,330	345	190	160
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,769	34,790	22,704	25,216	17,600	29,632
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	42,235	21,755	20,480	555	260	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,675	21,095	19,575	520	250	270
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,183	40,562	29,387	42,358	48,837	36,308
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,680	21,095	19,585	530	255	275
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,087	33,907	25,973	36,007	41,093	31,331
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,780	18,715	16,065	470	240	240
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,596	38,330	25,914	38,056	43,069	33,045
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,755	16,395	16,360	400	180	220
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,079	8,437	9,722	10,538	12,056	9,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,430	16,100	13,330	360	185	175
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,221	38,300	27,085	36,042	38,820	33,044
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	42,240	21,760	20,480	550	265	290
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	12,515	7,005	5,505	135	65	70
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,103	45,403	34,709	52,320	52,376	50,390
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,996	49,484	37,009	56,856	60,120	53,823
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.0	83.8	71.8	82.2	84.2	79.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.1	71.9	62.5	57.4	55.7	59.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.0	16.2	28.2	17.9	15.6	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	42,240	21,760	20,480	540	265	275
Without total income	1,500	605	890	15	0	10
With total income	40,740	21,150	19,590	525	265	260
Percentage with total income	96.4	97.2	95.7	97.2	100.0	94.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,145	2,140	3,010	65	30	35
$10,000 to $19,999	8,035	3,240	4,800	100	40	60
$20,000 to $29,999	7,015	3,205	3,805	70	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	6,345	3,280	3,065	70	40	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,085	2,950	2,135	50	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	3,365	2,145	1,215	45	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	2,210	1,565	650	35	15	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,470	1,035	430	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	785	585	200	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	460	340	125	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	830	665	165	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	665	530	135	20	15	5
$150,000 and over	165	130	30	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,240	21,760	20,480	540	265	280
Without after-tax income	1,485	610	875	15	5	10
With after-tax income	40,750	21,150	19,600	530	265	265
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	97.2	95.7	98.1	100.0	94.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,300	2,175	3,125	75	25	45
$10,000 to $19,999	8,495	3,480	5,010	95	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	8,655	4,090	4,570	80	40	40
$30,000 to $39,999	7,715	4,330	3,390	95	50	45
$40,000 to $49,999	5,210	3,285	1,925	55	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	2,815	1,925	890	45	20	20
$60,000 to $69,999	1,345	930	420	35	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	570	425	145	25	10	15
$80,000 and over	645	515	135	30	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	265	205	55	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	130	105	25	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	260	205	50	10	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	42,240	21,760	20,480	540	265	275
Without employment income	12,815	5,660	7,155	195	75	120
With employment income	29,425	16,100	13,325	345	190	160
Percentage with employment income	69.7	74.0	65.1	63.9	71.7	58.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,515	1,740	1,775	90	60	30
$5,000 to $9,999	2,325	975	1,345	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	4,975	2,120	2,850	50	30	15
$20,000 to $29,999	4,450	2,115	2,340	30	20	15
$30,000 to $39,999	4,325	2,350	1,975	35	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	3,325	2,015	1,310	30	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	2,280	1,585	695	20	5	10
$60,000 to $69,999	1,615	1,190	425	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,160	850	310	15	5	5
$80,000 and over	1,465	1,165	305	45	30	20
$80,000 to $89,999	565	445	120	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	350	260	95	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	555	455	95	20	15	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	21,605	...	...	280	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,065	...	...	68,779	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,046	...	...	59,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,775	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,792	...	...	36,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,059	...	...	34,432	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	15,830	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,454	...	...	75,213	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,039	...	...	66,816	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	21,610	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,224	...	...	79,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,646	...	...	68,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,780	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,893	...	...	55,432	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,375	...	...	47,517	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,830	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,294	...	...	86,995	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,234	...	...	74,548	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	21,605	...	...	280	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	300	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	610	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,055	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,110	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	925	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,220	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,190	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,200	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,165	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,230	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,045	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,680	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,460	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,230	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,970	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,095	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	970	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	685	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	215	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,610	...	...	280	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	305	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	620	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,105	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,240	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,085	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,525	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,390	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,445	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,515	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,660	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,170	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,810	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,390	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,050	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,045	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,285	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	285	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,255	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,355	...	...	75,264	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,928	...	...	67,072	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,080	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,127	...	...	73,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,561	...	...	64,512	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,330	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,116	...	...	114,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,907	...	...	99,840	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,400	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,428	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,155	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,295	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,239	...	...	86,995	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,115	...	...	74,548	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,080	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,672	...	...	82,915	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,226	...	...	69,604	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,360	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,382	...	...	110,135	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,056	...	...	96,005	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,395	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,466	...	...	66,521	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,444	...	...	59,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,575	4,615	2,965	75	25	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,880	30,912	23,083	36,288	36,288	36,224
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,954	27,749	22,323	33,408	34,432	33,152
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,440	4,575	2,865	65	0	50
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,553	36,580	28,718	55,432	0	58,073
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,602	30,666	25,305	47,517	0	49,033
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	52,035	26,890	25,140	605	300	305
In the bottom half of the distribution	35,310	18,035	17,280	285	135	150
In the bottom decile	5,020	2,560	2,460	55	30	30
In the second decile	6,845	3,415	3,430	35	15	20
In the third decile	8,315	4,220	4,095	60	25	30
In the fourth decile	8,025	4,130	3,890	80	35	40
In the fifth decile	7,115	3,705	3,405	60	25	30
In the top half of the distribution	16,720	8,855	7,865	315	160	155
In the sixth decile	5,900	3,140	2,755	75	35	40
In the seventh decile	4,935	2,600	2,335	65	30	30
In the eighth decile	3,235	1,680	1,555	60	25	35
In the ninth decile	1,880	1,015	870	65	45	25
In the top decile	770	420	350	55	25	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	52,035	26,890	25,145	605	300	305
0 to 17 years	11,355	5,895	5,465	75	35	40
0 to 5 years	4,270	2,260	2,015	30	15	10
18 to 64 years	33,460	17,265	16,190	340	165	170
65 years and over	7,215	3,730	3,485	195	90	100
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,950	3,975	3,980	80	35	35
0 to 17 years	1,850	975	875	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	595	305	285	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	4,485	2,225	2,265	45	20	20
65 years and over	1,620	780	835	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.8	15.8	13.2	11.7	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	16.3	16.5	16.0	20.0	28.6	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	13.9	13.5	14.1	33.3	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.4	12.9	14.0	13.2	12.1	11.8
65 years and over (%)	22.5	20.9	24.0	10.3	5.6	10.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,735	1,495	1,245	25	15	15
0 to 17 years	500	275	220	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	150	80	70	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	2,110	1,155	960	20	5	10
65 years and over	125	60	65	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	5.6	5.0	4.1	5.0	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.7	4.0	13.3	14.3	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.5	16.7	33.3	50.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	6.7	5.9	5.9	3.0	5.9
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.6	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	52,035	26,890	25,145	660	320	340
Official languages	52,005	26,870	25,135	660	320	345
English	15,075	8,435	6,645	660	320	345
French	51,940	26,835	25,105	70	25	45
Non-official languages	1,930	970	960	60	25	35
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,925	970	950	65	30	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	75	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	75	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	110	75	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	130	55	75	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	115	50	70	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,590	795	790	60	25	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	40	25	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	40	25	30	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	25	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	15	15	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	40	40	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	40	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,420	700	720	20	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	280	185	95	10	0	10
Portuguese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Romanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,100	505	600	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	52,035	26,890	25,140	660	320	345
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	51,770	26,755	25,015	645	310	335
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,345	5,840	5,505	130	65	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	40,425	20,910	19,510	515	245	270
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	265	135	125	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	52,035	26,890	25,140	665	320	340
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	50,970	26,335	24,640	595	285	315
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,035	540	500	50	25	25
Before 1981	355	185	170	45	25	20
1981 to 1990	160	80	80	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	160	85	80	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	250	145	110	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	125	65	55	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	135	80	50	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	25	20	10	15	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,035	540	500	50	25	25
Under 5 years	160	65	95	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	185	110	75	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	205	100	105	15	10	10
25 to 44 years	425	240	190	20	10	10
45 years and over	65	30	35	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,040	540	500	50	25	20
Americas	280	125	160	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	20	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	25	10	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	125	55	70	0	0	0
Europe	575	315	260	40	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	10	0
France	260	150	110	0	0	0
Germany	25	10	15	0	0	0
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	85	60	20	0	0	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	10
Poland	15	15	0	0	0	0
Portugal	30	10	20	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	20	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	120	50	65	10	10	0
Africa	80	50	25	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	40	30	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	95	45	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	105	50	60	0	0	0
Americas	35	15	15	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	10	0	0	0
Europe	40	25	20	0	0	0
France	40	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	52,035	26,890	25,140	665	320	345
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,105	570	535	65	35	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,605	910	695	110	45	65
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	49,330	25,410	23,915	485	240	250
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	700	365	340	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	310	185	125	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	140	110	25	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	170	75	95	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	285	130	155	0	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	110	55	60	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	52,035	26,890	25,140	660	320	345
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	795	405	395	65	25	45
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	765	395	370	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	335	155	180	45	20	30
Métis	430	245	190	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	51,235	26,485	24,750	595	300	300
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	52,035	26,890	25,140	660	320	340
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	150	65	80	40	10	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	51,885	26,825	25,065	620	310	310
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	52,035	26,895	25,140	660	320	345
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	575	295	275	15	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	555	285	270	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	460	215	245	15	0	20
Métis single ancestry	90	70	20	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,120	970	1,150	75	30	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,095	965	1,125	75	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,885	875	1,010	60	25	30
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	190	90	105	15	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	0	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	49,345	25,625	23,715	570	290	285
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	52,035	26,890	25,140	665	320	340
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	735	365	365	15	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Black	320	145	175	10	10	10
Filipino	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin American	215	95	120	0	0	0
Arab	90	65	20	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	40	15	25	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	51,300	26,525	24,775	650	315	335
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	52,035	26,890	25,145	660	315	345
North American Aboriginal origins	2,690	1,265	1,425	90	35	60
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,385	1,105	1,275	80	25	50
Inuit	35	0	30	0	0	0
Métis	320	175	145	15	0	10
Other North American origins	41,835	21,555	20,280	245	130	110
Acadian	665	330	330	0	0	0
American	150	70	80	10	0	0
Canadian	39,700	20,440	19,255	240	125	110
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	45	20	15	0	0	0
Québécois	1,840	965	875	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	16,445	8,575	7,875	560	270	290
British Isles origins	4,010	2,020	1,990	420	205	215
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	600	280	320	290	135	160
Irish	2,925	1,425	1,500	260	130	130
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	805	420	380	230	110	120
Welsh	15	0	10	30	10	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	90	40	45	10	10	0
French origins	11,300	5,945	5,360	80	20	60
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	85	30	55	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,230	5,910	5,315	80	20	60
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,200	615	585	105	70	40
Austrian	25	0	20	10	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	355	210	145	0	0	0
Dutch	35	10	25	55	30	25
Flemish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	340	330	40	30	10
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	120	50	70	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	70	35	30	20	15	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	20	0	20	10	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	595	305	290	40	15	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	270	155	120	10	10	0
Romanian	70	45	25	10	0	0
Russian	70	40	30	15	10	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	180	90	85	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,340	1,190	1,145	65	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	70	30	0	0	0
Italian	1,670	840	830	35	15	25
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	315	160	150	10	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	310	150	155	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	135	70	65	15	10	10
Basque	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	20	15	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	75	35	40	10	10	10
Caribbean origins	425	185	235	15	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	30	45	0	0	0
Dominican	60	35	25	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	280	120	160	10	10	10
Jamaican	10	0	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	320	130	190	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	45	25	15	0	0	0
Colombian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	30	0	20	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	90	35	60	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	30	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	175	115	60	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	105	85	25	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	60	45	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	20	30	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Asian origins	230	115	115	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	90	40	45	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	120	55	65	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Filipino	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	21,605	...	...	275	...	...
Owner	16,675	...	...	245	...	...
Renter	4,935	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	21,610	...	...	275	...	...
Condominium	585	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	21,025	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	21,610	...	...	275	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,235	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,785	...	...	95	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,515	...	...	120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,050	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	21,610	...	...	275	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,765	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	4,215	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	3,590	...	...	70	...	...
7 rooms	3,085	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,950	...	...	65	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	21,605	...	...	275	...	...
One person or fewer per room	21,470	...	...	275	...	...
More than 1 person per room	135	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	21,610	...	...	280	...	...
Suitable	20,920	...	...	270	...	...
Not suitable	690	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	21,610	...	...	280	...	...
1960 or before	3,770	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,435	...	...	70	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,435	...	...	45	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,480	...	...	70	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,460	...	...	25	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,640	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,385	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	21,605	...	...	280	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	20,020	...	...	255	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,590	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	21,610	...	...	280	...	...
1 household maintainer	13,265	...	...	135	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,130	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	215	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	21,605	...	...	280	...	...
15 to 24 years	740	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,490	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,685	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,670	...	...	70	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,425	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,010	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,320	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	270	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	21,275	...	...	270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,985	...	...	220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,285	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,895	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,405	...	...	235	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	71.4	...	...	51.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.9	...	...	19.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	945	...	...	818	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	963	...	...	1,045	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,688	...	...	250,263	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	204,427	...	...	252,715	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,890	...	...	35	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	751	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	763	...	...	1,125	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,235	21,760	20,480	555	265	290
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,205	7,295	5,915	125	45	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,060	4,320	4,740	115	70	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,975	10,150	9,825	315	150	165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,105	6,760	4,340	40	25	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,555	3,865	3,685	15	0	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,550	2,895	655	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,565	2,175	3,390	135	55	75
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	925	365	555	20	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,385	845	1,535	125	65	60
Bachelor's degree	1,845	605	1,240	85	55	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	220	95	120	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	25	25	10	0	0
Master's degree	240	95	135	25	0	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	20	10	0	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	29,430	15,150	14,275	345	155	190
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,375	4,300	3,080	40	10	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,065	2,960	3,100	80	50	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,985	7,885	8,100	220	95	125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,080	5,360	3,725	25	15	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,225	3,040	3,185	10	0	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,860	2,320	540	20	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,265	1,620	2,645	95	40	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	660	260	405	15	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,980	655	1,325	80	40	40
Bachelor's degree	1,535	460	1,075	55	35	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	175	75	100	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	20	25	10	0	0
Master's degree	200	85	115	20	0	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	20	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,235	21,760	20,480	555	265	290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,265	11,610	10,660	245	115	125
Education	1,215	260	960	25	10	15
13. Education	1,220	255	960	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	525	220	310	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	75	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	400	140	260	10	0	0
Humanities	575	260	320	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	350	170	180	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	0	0	0
54. History	35	25	10	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	95	15	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,085	180	900	60	25	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	20	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	495	25	470	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	165	25	145	15	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	15	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	135	20	120	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	130	75	60	20	10	0
Business, management and public administration	3,590	735	2,855	70	25	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	20	145	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,425	715	2,710	45	20	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	255	145	110	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	40	50	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	40	20	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	45	10	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	25	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	455	265	185	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	380	240	140	10	0	0
25. Library science	40	10	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,605	6,175	435	65	55	10
04. Architecture and related services	95	55	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	170	150	25	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	910	795	115	15	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,210	2,130	85	20	15	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,825	1,760	60	20	20	0
48. Precision production	1,395	1,285	110	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	425	230	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	560	350	210	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	75	20	10	0	0
Health and related fields	2,575	315	2,265	60	10	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	45	70	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,460	270	2,185	55	15	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,435	1,180	1,255	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,320	235	1,085	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	335	250	80	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	685	80	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	29,425	15,150	14,280	345	150	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,440	7,265	6,180	125	55	70
Education	825	170	655	10	0	10
13. Education	820	165	655	10	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	435	170	265	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	60	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	340	110	230	0	10	0
Humanities	410	165	245	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	15	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	235	115	115	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	10	0	0	0
54. History	30	20	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	20	70	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	920	140	780	45	25	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	15	50	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	420	20	405	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	150	15	140	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	15	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	130	15	115	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	115	55	60	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	3,040	575	2,465	50	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	20	125	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,895	550	2,345	35	15	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	80	70	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	35	40	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	410	235	175	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	215	140	10	0	0
25. Library science	30	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,190	4,815	370	40	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	70	40	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	145	130	15	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	715	620	95	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,720	1,640	85	15	10	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,460	1,400	55	20	15	10
48. Precision production	1,080	980	100	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	535	330	205	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	450	265	185	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	60	20	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,110	280	1,830	50	10	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	45	65	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,000	235	1,760	45	15	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,975	935	1,040	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,095	170	920	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	245	180	60	0	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	635	575	55	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,240	21,760	20,480	555	265	285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,265	11,610	10,655	245	115	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,975	10,150	9,825	310	150	165
Location of study inside Canada	19,695	9,965	9,725	280	130	150
Same as province or territory of residence	19,530	9,875	9,650	255	125	135
Different than province or territory of residence	165	90	75	20	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	285	185	95	35	25	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	25	10	10
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	135	95	35	0	0	0
Other	135	75	60	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	29,425	15,150	14,275	345	150	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,440	7,265	6,175	125	55	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,985	7,890	8,095	220	100	120
Location of study inside Canada	15,765	7,745	8,020	200	90	115
Same as province or territory of residence	15,645	7,690	7,960	190	90	105
Different than province or territory of residence	115	60	55	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	225	145	80	20	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	20	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	115	85	30	0	0	0
Other	105	50	50	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	42,240	21,760	20,480	555	265	290
In the labour force	27,515	14,980	12,530	265	125	140
Employed	25,490	13,740	11,755	240	110	130
Unemployed	2,015	1,235	780	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	14,725	6,780	7,945	290	140	155
Participation rate	65.1	68.8	61.2	47.7	47.2	48.3
Employment rate	60.3	63.1	57.4	43.2	41.5	44.8
Unemployment rate	7.3	8.2	6.2	9.4	12.0	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	42,240	21,760	20,480	555	265	290
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	14,140	6,450	7,690	245	120	125
Worked	28,100	15,310	12,790	315	145	160
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,820	7,185	5,635	140	70	70
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15,280	8,130	7,150	170	80	95
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.2	41.9	40.4	40.5	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	27,510	14,975	12,530	260	125	135
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	610	335	280	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	26,895	14,645	12,255	265	125	140
Employee	23,145	12,280	10,865	195	85	110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,750	2,365	1,385	70	40	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	27,510	14,980	12,530	265	130	140
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	610	335	280	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	26,900	14,645	12,250	265	130	140
0 Management occupations	2,290	1,500	790	55	25	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,460	755	2,705	25	15	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	790	565	220	20	10	0
3 Health occupations	1,510	180	1,335	25	10	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,395	465	1,930	45	20	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	165	230	10	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	6,165	2,410	3,760	30	0	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,450	6,920	535	25	15	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	560	415	145	20	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,875	1,270	605	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	27,510	14,980	12,530	265	125	135
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	610	330	280	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	26,900	14,645	12,255	265	125	140
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	950	635	315	35	30	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	65	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	135	115	20	10	0	0
23 Construction	3,620	3,165	455	15	10	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,645	2,645	1,005	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,070	740	335	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,640	1,715	1,930	30	10	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,675	1,220	455	20	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	235	145	90	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	470	80	390	10	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	295	180	120	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	935	420	515	35	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,345	855	485	0	0	0
61 Educational services	1,225	285	940	20	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	3,180	360	2,820	30	10	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	345	195	150	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,460	480	980	10	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,535	825	710	15	0	15
91 Public administration	1,035	525	510	25	10	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	25,495	13,740	11,750	240	105	130
Worked at home	1,910	900	1,015	50	20	30
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	4,080	3,290	790	15	10	0
Worked at usual place	19,480	9,525	9,950	165	75	85
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,480	9,530	9,955	165	75	90
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,505	1,580	1,925	10	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,100	930	1,170	130	60	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,860	7,010	6,850	20	15	10
Commute to a different province or territory	15	0	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	23,560	12,820	10,745	180	85	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,410	11,780	9,635	155	70	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	925	480	450	10	10	10
Public transit	235	85	155	10	0	0
Walked	750	330	420	10	0	0
Bicycle	80	55	25	0	0	0
Other method	160	95	60	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	23,560	12,820	10,740	180	85	95
Less than 15 minutes	4,640	2,245	2,395	30	10	20
15 to 29 minutes	5,490	2,550	2,945	75	30	45
30 to 44 minutes	5,800	3,120	2,680	50	25	25
45 to 59 minutes	3,695	2,320	1,375	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	3,935	2,580	1,350	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	23,565	12,820	10,740	180	85	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,985	2,990	1,000	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,870	2,895	1,965	40	25	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,425	2,310	3,110	60	40	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,100	1,135	1,970	45	15	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,430	485	945	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,750	3,000	1,750	15	10	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	29,060	15,775	13,280	330	155	170
Single responses	28,245	15,315	12,935	330	155	175
Official languages	28,225	15,300	12,930	330	155	175
English	515	345	170	325	155	170
French	27,710	14,955	12,760	0	0	0
Non-official languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	810	465	345	0	0	0
English and French	780	450	330	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	29,060	15,775	13,285	330	150	175
None	24,105	12,860	11,245	305	150	160
English	4,480	2,630	1,845	0	0	0
French	320	210	115	10	0	10
Non-official language	95	55	40	10	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	100	55	40	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	51,270	26,520	24,760	655	310	340
Non-movers	45,695	23,700	21,990	575	270	305
Movers	5,580	2,815	2,765	75	45	35
Non-migrants	1,820	895	920	15	15	10
Migrants	3,765	1,915	1,845	60	30	30
Internal migrants	3,735	1,905	1,830	60	30	30
Intraprovincial migrants	3,660	1,865	1,800	60	30	30
Interprovincial migrants	75	40	30	0	0	0
External migrants	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	48,445	24,960	23,485	605	290	315
Non-movers	31,155	16,245	14,915	365	190	175
Movers	17,285	8,720	8,570	240	95	140
Non-migrants	5,720	2,880	2,835	15	10	10
Migrants	11,570	5,835	5,730	220	90	130
Internal migrants	11,475	5,790	5,685	220	90	125
Intraprovincial migrants	11,400	5,740	5,660	210	85	125
Interprovincial migrants	75	45	35	10	10	10
External migrants	90	50	40	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Montcalm, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Billings, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Billings, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Billings, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Billings, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario