Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Abitibi-Témiscamingue Quebec [Economic region]			Westfield, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec Map : Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	146,717	...	...	1,962	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	145,690	...	...	2,108	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.7	...	...	-6.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	71,211	...	...	952	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	64,575	...	...	811	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.5	...	...	6.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	57,736.50	...	...	295.70	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	146,715	73,895	72,825	1,965	1,010	950
0 to 14 years	25,110	12,850	12,260	275	160	120
0 to 4 years	8,320	4,215	4,105	80	50	30
5 to 9 years	8,875	4,565	4,315	95	50	40
10 to 14 years	7,905	4,070	3,840	105	55	45
15 to 64 years	95,685	48,890	46,795	1,340	675	670
15 to 19 years	8,115	4,195	3,920	105	65	40
20 to 24 years	8,485	4,390	4,100	90	40	50
25 to 29 years	8,570	4,465	4,100	110	55	55
30 to 34 years	8,665	4,485	4,175	90	50	40
35 to 39 years	8,810	4,410	4,400	95	50	45
40 to 44 years	8,315	4,265	4,050	140	75	65
45 to 49 years	8,800	4,390	4,410	150	65	90
50 to 54 years	11,865	6,025	5,840	195	95	95
55 to 59 years	12,930	6,555	6,370	190	95	95
60 to 64 years	11,130	5,710	5,425	175	85	90
65 years and over	25,920	12,160	13,760	345	180	165
65 to 69 years	8,920	4,555	4,360	155	80	75
70 to 74 years	6,555	3,225	3,330	85	45	35
75 to 79 years	4,430	2,065	2,365	55	30	20
80 to 84 years	3,130	1,345	1,785	20	10	10
85 years and over	2,895	970	1,920	25	10	20
85 to 89 years	1,975	705	1,275	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	770	235	540	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	130	30	95	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.4	16.8	14.0	15.8	12.6
15 to 64 years	65.2	66.2	64.3	68.2	66.8	70.5
65 years and over	17.7	16.5	18.9	17.6	17.8	17.4
85 years and over	2.0	1.3	2.6	1.3	1.0	2.1
Average age of the population	41.8	41.1	42.5	43.7	42.7	44.6
Median age of the population	43.4	42.5	44.3	47.1	45.8	48.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	64,575	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	39,675	...	...	715	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	245	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	23,915	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,670	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	1,160	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,440	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,295	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	355	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	735	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
1 person	21,400	...	...	185	...	...
2 persons	24,190	...	...	345	...	...
3 persons	8,075	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	7,100	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	3,810	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	143,155	...	...	1,930	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	121,605	61,050	60,560	1,685	850	830
Married or living common law	72,880	36,380	36,505	1,115	560	555
Married	36,925	18,420	18,505	930	465	465
Living common law	35,955	17,960	17,995	185	95	95
Not married and not living common law	48,725	24,670	24,060	565	295	270
Never married	32,435	18,745	13,690	355	215	140
Separated	1,725	835	885	55	25	25
Divorced	7,235	3,405	3,825	75	30	40
Widowed	7,335	1,680	5,650	85	20	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	41,860	...	...	635	...	...
2 persons	23,960	...	...	370	...	...
3 persons	7,760	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	6,830	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	3,305	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	41,855	...	...	635	...	...
Total couple families	35,815	...	...	560	...	...
Married couples	17,840	...	...	465	...	...
Common-law couples	17,970	...	...	95	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,045	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	4,110	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	1,935	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	35,810	...	...	555	...	...
Couples without children	20,305	...	...	325	...	...
Couples with children	15,505	...	...	235	...	...
1 child	6,015	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	6,350	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	3,140	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,045	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	3,650	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	1,750	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	640	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	26,920	14,320	12,600	240	130	110
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
One-census-family households	41,145	...	...	600	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	20,020	...	...	305	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,120	...	...	290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	350	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	23,080	...	...	195	...	...
One-person households	21,395	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,680	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	145,415	73,360	72,055	1,930	990	940
English only	1,870	890	975	1,690	895	795
French only	101,895	48,800	53,095	0	0	5
English and French	41,580	23,630	17,945	245	100	145
Neither English nor French	80	40	40	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	145,420	73,360	72,055	1,935	990	940
English	5,005	2,415	2,590	1,875	965	910
French	139,820	70,640	69,170	55	25	30
English and French	520	270	250	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	75	35	35	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,270	2,550	2,720	60	25	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.6	3.5	3.8	3.1	2.5	3.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	145,420	73,360	72,055	1,930	990	940
Single responses	144,090	72,690	71,400	1,930	990	940
Official languages	141,580	71,420	70,160	1,915	985	930
English	4,455	2,145	2,310	1,850	955	895
French	137,125	69,275	67,845	65	30	35
Non-official languages	2,515	1,270	1,240	10	5	10
Aboriginal languages	1,115	530	585	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,095	520	575	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	290	135	155	0	0	0
Atikamekw	35	20	15	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	205	90	110	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	805	385	420	0	0	0
Algonquin	790	385	415	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	5	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,400	745	655	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	390	230	165	0	0	0
Berber languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	25	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	330	190	140	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	330	190	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	625	325	300	10	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	90	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	85	65	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	35	30	0	0	0
Russian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	45	60	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	15	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	35	45	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	330	170	160	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	45	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	20	10	0	0	0
Romanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	195	90	105	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	80	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	30	10	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	670	655	10	5	5
English and French	820	415	400	5	5	5
English and non-official language	70	40	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	375	185	190	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	30	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	145,415	73,360	72,055	1,935	990	940
Single responses	143,680	72,495	71,180	1,920	985	935
Official languages	142,880	72,095	70,790	1,920	990	935
English	4,125	2,065	2,055	1,910	975	930
French	138,760	70,030	68,730	15	10	5
Non-official languages	795	400	395	0	0	5
Aboriginal languages	375	180	195	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	375	180	195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	5	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	65	30	40	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	280	135	150	0	0	0
Algonquin	280	130	145	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	220	195	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	60	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	50	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	95	90	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	75	65	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	90	45	45	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,740	865	870	10	5	5
English and French	835	425	405	10	5	5
English and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	725	350	375	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	50	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	145,415	73,360	72,055	1,935	990	945
None	136,135	68,485	67,655	1,880	970	915
English	6,315	3,375	2,935	5	0	0
French	1,450	745	705	35	15	25
Non-official language	1,270	620	650	5	0	5
Aboriginal	645	295	345	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	630	325	305	5	5	5
English and French	45	30	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	85	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	118,100	59,750	58,345	1,650	830	825
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115,000	58,580	56,425	1,575	795	790
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,881	42,923	26,273	34,253	43,179	26,923
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115,030	58,580	56,445	1,575	790	785
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,222	36,886	24,300	30,482	38,315	24,781
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	101,085	53,085	48,005	1,380	730	655
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,629	40,512	23,145	33,088	40,032	27,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,615	40,220	45,390	1,070	490	585
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,466	8,383	8,532	7,680	9,376	6,288
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,135	45,405	38,735	1,145	600	550
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,382	43,743	24,915	35,712	43,968	30,432
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	118,105	59,755	58,345	1,655	845	810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,020	58,610	56,410	1,595	835	765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,402	53,436	32,978	42,247	50,974	32,749
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	115,025	58,610	56,420	1,600	830	765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,253	41,839	28,411	35,428	41,704	28,597
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	100,925	52,945	47,985	1,375	760	615
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,308	51,802	29,729	42,733	50,035	33,712
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,375	40,195	45,180	1,070	505	570
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,641	9,685	9,602	8,113	8,738	7,562
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,135	45,535	38,600	1,145	625	515
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,552	52,334	31,011	44,399	53,261	33,570
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	118,105	59,755	58,345	1,655	845	810
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35,340	20,150	15,190	655	365	295
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,321	58,835	39,520	43,840	51,500	39,173
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,768	67,643	44,669	52,833	61,087	42,642
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.5	87.4	76.9	86.4	88.3	83.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.5	75.7	64.6	74.5	76.3	72.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	12.6	23.1	13.5	11.5	16.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	118,100	59,750	58,345	1,655	830	825
Without total income	3,095	1,175	1,925	75	40	40
With total income	115,005	58,580	56,425	1,580	795	785
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.0	96.7	95.5	95.8	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,560	5,235	8,325	205	70	135
$10,000 to $19,999	20,860	7,780	13,080	245	90	155
$20,000 to $29,999	17,440	7,475	9,965	250	105	150
$30,000 to $39,999	14,540	6,710	7,830	205	95	115
$40,000 to $49,999	13,045	6,695	6,350	195	105	90
$50,000 to $59,999	9,600	5,730	3,870	120	75	40
$60,000 to $69,999	6,745	4,425	2,325	85	50	35
$70,000 to $79,999	5,170	3,345	1,825	65	40	25
$80,000 to $89,999	3,580	2,435	1,140	45	35	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,585	2,040	550	50	35	10
$100,000 and over	7,875	6,715	1,160	105	80	20
$100,000 to $149,999	5,855	5,045	815	85	65	20
$150,000 and over	2,015	1,670	345	20	20	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	118,095	59,750	58,350	1,655	830	825
Without after-tax income	3,070	1,165	1,900	80	35	40
With after-tax income	115,030	58,585	56,445	1,575	795	785
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	98.1	96.7	95.2	95.8	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,930	5,350	8,580	210	70	140
$10,000 to $19,999	22,025	8,230	13,795	265	95	175
$20,000 to $29,999	21,110	9,275	11,830	300	140	160
$30,000 to $39,999	18,960	9,365	9,595	255	120	135
$40,000 to $49,999	14,250	8,500	5,750	195	120	80
$50,000 to $59,999	8,885	5,755	3,130	120	75	45
$60,000 to $69,999	6,010	3,990	2,020	70	45	25
$70,000 to $79,999	3,770	2,995	775	70	55	15
$80,000 and over	6,085	5,130	960	85	65	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,210	1,895	310	30	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,310	1,110	200	20	15	0
$100,000 and over	2,570	2,125	450	30	25	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	118,100	59,750	58,345	1,650	830	825
Without employment income	33,960	14,350	19,615	510	235	275
With employment income	84,135	45,405	38,730	1,145	600	545
Percentage with employment income	71.2	76.0	66.4	69.4	72.3	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,795	5,315	5,485	135	65	65
$5,000 to $9,999	6,560	2,680	3,880	65	25	45
$10,000 to $19,999	11,455	4,560	6,895	150	60	90
$20,000 to $29,999	10,060	4,145	5,920	130	60	70
$30,000 to $39,999	9,680	4,305	5,370	155	65	85
$40,000 to $49,999	8,305	4,430	3,875	130	55	70
$50,000 to $59,999	6,585	4,235	2,350	95	60	30
$60,000 to $69,999	4,935	3,390	1,540	70	40	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,235	2,725	1,510	65	35	20
$80,000 and over	11,515	9,610	1,905	160	125	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,750	2,055	690	30	20	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,220	1,815	405	40	35	10
$100,000 and over	6,540	5,740	805	90	70	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	64,575	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,273	...	...	69,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,093	...	...	59,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	21,400	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,637	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,002	...	...	35,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	43,175	...	...	630	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,411	...	...	83,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,935	...	...	71,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,306	...	...	83,236	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,795	...	...	69,801	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	21,395	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,387	...	...	43,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,689	...	...	37,126	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	43,185	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,092	...	...	95,462	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,709	...	...	79,769	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
Under $5,000	580	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	920	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,310	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,560	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,500	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,830	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,555	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,315	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,110	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,835	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,150	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,505	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,160	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,680	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,290	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,260	...	...	250	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,380	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,390	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,205	...	...	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,290	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
Under $5,000	615	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	930	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,330	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,750	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,945	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,360	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,325	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,070	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,705	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,340	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,070	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,395	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,785	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,960	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,330	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,670	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,510	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,700	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,455	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	41,950	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,817	...	...	81,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,093	...	...	70,528	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	19,715	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,160	...	...	70,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,698	...	...	61,312	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,600	...	...	235	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,279	...	...	106,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,433	...	...	90,112	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,830	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,060	...	...	49,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,326	...	...	44,288	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	41,935	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,426	...	...	94,647	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,862	...	...	79,018	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	19,680	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,579	...	...	90,106	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,969	...	...	75,313	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,570	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,359	...	...	107,798	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,318	...	...	89,122	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,860	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,278	...	...	64,362	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,410	...	...	56,957	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,785	13,270	11,515	215	120	95
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,469	34,215	23,892	39,296	40,576	38,272
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,159	30,176	22,998	33,920	34,688	33,792
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,780	13,435	11,345	220	115	100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,288	44,513	30,916	42,045	41,942	42,163
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,886	35,877	27,160	36,242	35,775	36,774
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	143,155	72,575	70,580	1,930	990	940
In the bottom half of the distribution	77,570	37,995	39,580	980	505	475
In the bottom decile	11,995	5,770	6,230	140	75	65
In the second decile	16,195	7,350	8,845	185	90	95
In the third decile	16,455	8,140	8,320	220	110	110
In the fourth decile	16,490	8,270	8,215	220	120	95
In the fifth decile	16,440	8,470	7,970	215	110	105
In the top half of the distribution	65,585	34,585	31,000	950	485	465
In the sixth decile	16,460	8,620	7,840	215	110	105
In the seventh decile	15,875	8,320	7,555	215	110	105
In the eighth decile	14,275	7,475	6,805	230	115	115
In the ninth decile	11,150	5,990	5,160	185	95	90
In the top decile	7,825	4,180	3,645	105	50	55
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	140,070	71,065	69,005	1,930	990	940
0 to 17 years	28,580	14,650	13,925	340	195	140
0 to 5 years	9,630	4,890	4,740	100	60	45
18 to 64 years	88,645	45,265	43,380	1,260	615	645
65 years and over	22,845	11,145	11,700	330	175	155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,660	8,580	10,085	230	115	120
0 to 17 years	3,200	1,615	1,585	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	1,105	535	575	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	10,175	4,865	5,315	130	65	65
65 years and over	5,290	2,105	3,185	50	25	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.1	14.6	11.9	11.6	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.0	11.4	14.7	12.8	17.9
0 to 5 years (%)	11.5	10.9	12.1	5.0	8.3	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.7	12.3	10.3	10.6	10.1
65 years and over (%)	23.2	18.9	27.2	15.2	14.3	16.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,600	3,340	3,260	75	45	30
0 to 17 years	1,025	520	505	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	350	170	180	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,230	2,680	2,550	50	30	20
65 years and over	345	140	200	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.7	4.7	3.9	4.5	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.5	3.6	4.4	2.6	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	3.5	3.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.9	5.9	4.0	4.9	3.1
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	143,155	72,570	70,580	1,935	990	940
Official languages	143,080	72,530	70,545	1,925	990	935
English	43,145	24,530	18,615	1,925	990	935
French	141,275	71,665	69,610	200	75	125
Non-official languages	5,970	2,820	3,150	50	10	35
Aboriginal languages	2,135	1,015	1,125	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,100	1,000	1,100	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	605	305	305	0	0	0
Atikamekw	90	40	50	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	115	45	70	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	380	210	165	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,595	760	835	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,580	755	830	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	10	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,850	1,815	2,030	45	10	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	615	340	270	0	0	0
Berber languages	110	60	45	0	0	0
Kabyle	50	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	555	310	240	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	550	310	245	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	10	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	10	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,595	1,225	1,370	30	0	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	210	140	70	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	135	75	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	90	60	0	0	0
Russian	40	35	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	255	125	130	35	0	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	205	90	110	15	0	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,140	975	1,165	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	195	95	100	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	30	35	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,945	875	1,070	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	105	130	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	20	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	50	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	15	50	10	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	15	40	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	143,150	72,575	70,580	1,930	990	940
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	142,230	72,090	70,140	1,925	985	940
Canadian citizens aged under 18	29,600	15,150	14,450	330	175	155
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	112,625	56,940	55,690	1,590	810	785
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	925	480	440	0	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	143,155	72,575	70,580	1,930	990	940
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	140,775	71,400	69,380	1,895	980	915
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,135	1,015	1,120	35	10	25
Before 1981	495	265	230	25	0	20
1981 to 1990	225	110	110	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	230	95	135	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	615	290	330	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	240	115	120	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	375	170	205	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	570	255	315	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	240	155	85	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,130	1,020	1,115	35	0	25
Under 5 years	385	140	245	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	295	140	150	15	0	10
15 to 24 years	360	165	190	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,040	540	505	10	10	0
45 years and over	55	30	20	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,135	1,020	1,115	30	10	25
Americas	320	135	185	10	0	10
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	110	50	60	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	30	0	0	0
Peru	25	0	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	50	35	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	20	0	0	0
Europe	745	400	345	25	10	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	345	170	175	0	0	0
Germany	95	45	50	0	0	10
Greece	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	45	35	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	0	15	0	0	0
Poland	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	35	20	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	20	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	120	75	50	0	0	0
Africa	710	370	340	0	0	0
Algeria	165	100	70	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	155	75	75	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	390	200	195	0	0	0
Asia	355	115	240	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	10	105	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	35	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	35	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	570	255	310	0	0	0
Americas	45	25	20	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	130	70	65	0	0	0
France	75	40	35	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	20	25	0	0	0
Africa	325	150	175	0	0	0
Algeria	55	30	25	0	0	0
Cameroon	45	15	30	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	40	25	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	50	15	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	55	55	0	0	0
Asia	60	15	40	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	143,155	72,575	70,580	1,930	990	940
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,490	1,235	1,250	40	10	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,235	1,555	1,680	130	60	65
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	137,435	69,785	67,650	1,765	915	845
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,700	795	910	15	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	875	470	400	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	475	345	130	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	395	130	270	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	680	245	430	15	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	140	70	70	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	143,155	72,570	70,580	1,930	990	940
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	8,165	4,110	4,055	45	15	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	7,925	3,975	3,950	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,580	2,670	2,910	40	10	25
Métis	2,315	1,295	1,025	0	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	70	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	140	65	80	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	134,990	68,465	66,525	1,890	975	915
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	143,155	72,575	70,580	1,930	990	940
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,655	2,740	2,910	15	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	137,500	69,835	67,670	1,915	985	930
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	143,155	72,570	70,580	1,930	990	940
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	5,575	2,680	2,895	20	0	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	5,460	2,630	2,835	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	5,045	2,415	2,630	20	0	15
Métis single ancestry	405	210	195	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	115	50	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	45	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	30	0	30	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,435	3,265	3,175	55	20	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,275	3,180	3,095	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,145	2,620	2,535	50	15	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,065	530	535	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	160	85	80	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	80	75	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	131,145	66,635	64,510	1,855	965	890
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	143,155	72,575	70,580	1,930	990	940
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,005	885	1,125	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese	210	65	145	0	0	0
Black	850	390	465	10	0	10
Filipino	60	20	35	0	0	0
Latin American	160	45	110	0	0	0
Arab	450	245	200	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	150	60	90	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	141,145	71,685	69,455	1,925	990	940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	143,155	72,575	70,580	1,935	990	945
North American Aboriginal origins	12,010	5,940	6,070	80	20	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,475	5,165	5,305	75	20	50
Inuit	110	45	65	0	0	0
Métis	1,710	865	845	10	10	0
Other North American origins	112,485	57,045	55,445	985	520	460
Acadian	455	215	240	0	0	0
American	765	380	385	0	0	0
Canadian	108,970	55,100	53,870	980	520	465
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Québécois	3,395	1,860	1,530	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	42,720	21,950	20,775	1,245	620	625
British Isles origins	9,970	4,750	5,215	1,125	565	565
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,145	1,015	1,125	595	340	260
Irish	6,490	3,030	3,460	645	345	295
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,450	1,275	1,175	465	215	250
Welsh	25	15	10	15	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	195	95	100	60	30	30
French origins	33,415	17,345	16,070	310	180	135
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	345	170	175	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	33,210	17,265	15,945	310	180	140
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,150	1,490	1,655	190	85	110
Austrian	120	60	55	15	20	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	585	295	285	15	10	0
Dutch	290	140	145	35	0	30
Flemish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,030	950	1,080	145	65	75
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	195	85	110	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	295	170	125	65	20	45
Danish	50	30	15	10	0	10
Finnish	65	40	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	100	70	35	50	20	30
Swedish	30	20	10	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	15	35	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,480	755	725	55	35	20
Bulgarian	135	80	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	45	30	15	25	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	15	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	50	60	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	695	355	340	0	0	0
Romanian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Russian	80	45	35	20	20	0
Slovak	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	370	180	195	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,850	1,005	845	70	25	50
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	75	0	0	0
Italian	1,155	665	490	45	15	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	150	75	75	10	0	10
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Spanish	310	135	175	25	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	65	50	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	285	155	135	0	0	0
Basque	55	30	25	0	0	0
Jewish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	190	105	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	325	130	195	10	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	40	10	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	245	110	135	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	290	110	180	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	35	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	75	30	50	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,290	695	600	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	390	220	175	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	40	30	15	0	0	0
Cameroonian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Chadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	30	10	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	35	15	25	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	85	35	55	0	0	0
North African origins	665	370	290	0	0	0
Algerian	190	90	100	0	0	0
Berber	130	75	55	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	225	140	90	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	125	75	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	125	50	80	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Burundian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	70	70	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	135	65	65	0	0	0
Asian origins	975	380	595	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	365	165	205	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	110	65	50	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	160	55	105	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	105	45	55	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	100	45	55	0	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	510	170	335	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	290	90	205	0	0	0
Filipino	65	20	45	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	0	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Laotian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	25	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
Owner	43,965	...	...	780	...	...
Renter	20,210	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	405	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	64,575	...	...	815	...	...
Condominium	3,355	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	61,215	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
No bedrooms	205	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	8,010	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,785	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,320	...	...	450	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	16,260	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	64,575	...	...	815	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	18,285	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	11,845	...	...	125	...	...
6 rooms	8,300	...	...	155	...	...
7 rooms	8,120	...	...	170	...	...
8 or more rooms	18,020	...	...	310	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
One person or fewer per room	64,320	...	...	810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	260	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
Suitable	63,475	...	...	800	...	...
Not suitable	1,100	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
1960 or before	19,075	...	...	180	...	...
1961 to 1980	21,260	...	...	245	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,800	...	...	130	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,350	...	...	135	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,385	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,395	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,310	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	58,995	...	...	755	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,580	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
1 household maintainer	42,470	...	...	465	...	...
2 household maintainers	21,735	...	...	320	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	370	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	64,575	...	...	810	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,880	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,255	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,005	...	...	110	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,040	...	...	175	...	...
55 to 64 years	14,690	...	...	215	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,810	...	...	160	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,590	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	1,300	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	63,205	...	...	810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	53,645	...	...	745	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,560	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,660	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	43,140	...	...	780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	55.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.8	...	...	7.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	782	...	...	682	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	893	...	...	780	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	194,647	...	...	159,873	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	203,355	...	...	196,276	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20,095	...	...	30	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	602	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	639	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	118,105	59,760	58,345	1,660	850	810
No certificate, diploma or degree	33,295	17,895	15,400	255	135	120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,190	10,255	12,935	510	205	310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,620	31,610	30,010	895	510	385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,385	17,580	9,805	260	215	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20,375	11,980	8,395	85	60	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,005	5,605	1,405	170	155	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,275	7,600	9,675	355	175	185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,720	1,260	2,465	65	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,240	5,165	8,075	215	105	110
Bachelor's degree	9,810	3,600	6,215	155	85	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,025	410	615	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	415	180	240	0	10	0
Master's degree	1,700	795	910	40	0	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	285	185	95	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,665	40,155	38,515	1,135	565	570
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,470	9,280	7,195	100	45	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,740	6,230	7,510	355	140	215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,455	24,645	23,810	680	380	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,955	13,770	8,180	160	145	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	16,530	9,420	7,110	50	30	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,420	4,350	1,070	115	110	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,785	5,790	6,995	295	135	155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,615	905	1,705	40	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,105	4,175	6,925	180	80	100
Bachelor's degree	8,205	2,940	5,260	125	65	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	815	295	520	15	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	385	155	235	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,470	635	830	35	0	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	230	150	80	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	118,105	59,755	58,345	1,660	845	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	56,480	28,150	28,335	765	335	425
Education	5,380	1,020	4,360	65	15	50
13. Education	5,375	1,015	4,360	65	15	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,160	425	735	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	125	60	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	975	300	675	15	10	0
Humanities	1,975	895	1,080	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	35	85	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,400	580	815	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	40	10	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	105	35	0	0	0
54. History	110	70	35	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	55	70	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,470	745	2,725	50	20	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	115	240	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,110	35	1,070	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	445	160	290	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	10	105	0	0	0
42. Psychology	890	185	700	10	10	10
45. Social sciences	505	225	280	25	10	10
Business, management and public administration	12,700	3,565	9,135	145	35	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,185	200	980	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,500	3,355	8,140	140	30	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,320	785	530	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	90	165	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	65	30	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	340	180	160	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	545	405	135	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	895	540	355	30	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	705	495	210	30	15	10
25. Library science	150	10	135	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	18,540	17,435	1,100	310	300	10
04. Architecture and related services	185	110	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,295	1,110	185	40	40	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,700	4,215	485	55	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,735	3,650	90	110	110	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	5,345	5,175	175	65	60	0
48. Precision production	3,270	3,180	95	40	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,850	2,145	705	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	865	510	355	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,980	1,635	345	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,385	1,210	6,180	130	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	335	145	190	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,930	990	5,940	115	10	100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	70	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,920	2,835	3,090	95	75	15
12. Personal and culinary services	3,175	515	2,655	40	20	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,050	725	320	20	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,695	1,585	105	40	40	0
Other	35	0	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	10	30	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,665	40,150	38,510	1,135	565	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,210	15,505	14,705	460	190	270
Education	3,455	585	2,870	55	15	40
13. Education	3,450	585	2,865	60	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	920	350	575	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	100	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	775	250	525	15	10	0
Humanities	1,245	575	670	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	20	70	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	855	395	465	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	50	20	0	0	0
54. History	80	50	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	30	60	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,790	565	2,235	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	280	80	200	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	900	35	865	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	360	115	250	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	725	140	590	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	410	190	220	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	10,530	2,735	7,800	105	20	85
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	965	145	815	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,555	2,590	6,970	100	20	80
Physical and life sciences and technologies	825	530	295	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	80	120	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	30	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	45	35	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	475	350	125	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	35	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	800	470	330	30	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	650	455	200	25	15	15
25. Library science	130	10	120	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,920	13,960	960	220	215	0
04. Architecture and related services	165	95	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,180	1,005	175	25	30	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,795	3,395	395	45	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,885	2,800	85	85	80	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,320	4,170	150	40	40	0
48. Precision production	2,570	2,495	80	30	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,275	1,690	595	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	670	390	280	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,610	1,295	310	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,885	965	4,920	105	20	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	275	120	155	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,495	780	4,715	95	15	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	70	50	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,770	2,220	2,550	75	65	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,640	415	2,225	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	780	550	235	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,345	1,250	95	35	35	0
Other	30	10	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	30	10	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	118,105	59,760	58,345	1,655	850	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,480	28,150	28,335	765	335	425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	61,625	31,610	30,010	890	510	385
Location of study inside Canada	60,740	31,130	29,610	875	505	365
Same as province or territory of residence	58,015	29,735	28,280	730	420	310
Different than province or territory of residence	2,725	1,400	1,330	140	85	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	885	480	405	20	0	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	60	45	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	35	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	15	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	255	170	90	0	0	0
Other	465	225	235	0	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,665	40,150	38,515	1,135	565	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,210	15,505	14,705	455	190	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,455	24,645	23,810	680	380	300
Location of study inside Canada	47,735	24,250	23,485	660	380	285
Same as province or territory of residence	45,685	23,220	22,465	545	305	240
Different than province or territory of residence	2,050	1,030	1,020	115	70	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	720	395	325	20	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	25	25	10	0	10
Philippines	20	0	20	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	220	140	80	0	0	0
Other	420	215	210	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	118,105	59,760	58,345	1,655	850	815
In the labour force	74,415	40,155	34,260	1,065	595	475
Employed	68,650	36,340	32,310	985	530	455
Unemployed	5,760	3,810	1,950	85	65	20
Not in the labour force	43,690	19,605	24,085	590	255	335
Participation rate	63.0	67.2	58.7	64.4	70.0	58.3
Employment rate	58.1	60.8	55.4	59.5	62.4	55.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	9.5	5.7	8.0	10.9	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	118,105	59,760	58,345	1,660	845	810
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	38,900	17,105	21,795	520	220	305
Worked	79,205	42,655	36,550	1,135	630	505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	35,910	20,420	15,495	665	365	300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	43,295	22,235	21,055	470	260	210
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.2	41.3	43.5	43.5	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	74,415	40,150	34,260	1,065	595	475
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,240	630	610	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	73,175	39,525	33,650	1,065	585	475
Employee	66,635	35,910	30,730	1,005	560	445
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,540	3,620	2,920	55	25	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	74,415	40,155	34,260	1,070	595	475
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,240	625	610	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	73,175	39,525	33,650	1,060	585	475
0 Management occupations	6,070	3,650	2,420	85	45	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,740	2,510	7,225	150	35	115
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,820	2,985	830	95	60	35
3 Health occupations	4,825	755	4,070	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,635	1,870	6,765	115	60	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,165	455	710	20	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	16,320	6,250	10,070	220	105	110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,590	13,760	830	255	235	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,215	4,900	320	15	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,790	2,390	405	30	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	74,410	40,155	34,260	1,070	590	475
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,240	630	610	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	73,175	39,530	33,650	1,060	585	475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,730	2,150	580	10	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	7,855	7,095	760	0	0	0
22 Utilities	1,035	845	185	35	35	10
23 Construction	4,890	4,195	695	105	90	15
31-33 Manufacturing	5,840	4,735	1,110	75	65	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,005	1,565	435	45	35	10
44-45 Retail trade	9,355	4,035	5,320	135	60	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,350	2,495	855	60	50	10
51 Information and cultural industries	925	440	485	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,475	400	1,080	35	15	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	670	435	240	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,595	1,325	1,270	75	25	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,410	1,390	1,020	45	35	10
61 Educational services	5,075	1,160	3,920	35	10	25
62 Health care and social assistance	10,055	1,535	8,515	135	15	120
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	750	310	445	25	20	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,545	1,570	2,975	65	20	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,745	1,950	1,790	50	25	25
91 Public administration	3,855	1,890	1,970	125	80	45
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	68,655	36,345	32,305	985	535	455
Worked at home	3,580	1,655	1,925	45	25	20
Worked outside Canada	95	90	10	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	5,985	4,910	1,080	110	85	30
Worked at usual place	58,990	29,690	29,300	820	415	400
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	58,990	29,695	29,300	820	415	400
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	40,520	18,820	21,695	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,905	5,265	5,640	130	50	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,945	5,085	1,860	660	340	320
Commute to a different province or territory	615	515	100	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	64,975	34,595	30,375	930	495	430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,565	28,545	25,020	830	435	395
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,980	1,460	1,525	85	55	30
Public transit	785	535	245	15	10	10
Walked	5,420	2,250	3,175	0	10	0
Bicycle	355	275	80	0	0	0
Other method	1,865	1,540	330	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	64,975	34,595	30,380	930	495	430
Less than 15 minutes	34,985	16,540	18,440	80	35	40
15 to 29 minutes	16,125	8,240	7,880	275	145	130
30 to 44 minutes	6,075	3,615	2,455	330	185	145
45 to 59 minutes	2,760	1,930	835	185	90	90
60 minutes and over	5,035	4,265	765	65	40	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	64,975	34,600	30,380	930	500	430
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,500	4,675	820	100	70	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,975	6,660	2,320	265	140	120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	22,055	10,980	11,075	305	155	150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,530	4,665	8,860	95	35	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,560	1,440	3,115	45	20	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,350	6,180	4,175	115	85	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	81,385	43,765	37,620	1,160	635	525
Single responses	79,325	42,600	36,725	1,145	630	515
Official languages	79,270	42,580	36,690	1,145	630	515
English	2,615	1,550	1,065	1,135	630	500
French	76,655	41,025	35,625	10	0	10
Non-official languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,060	1,165	895	15	10	15
English and French	1,895	1,095	795	15	0	10
English and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	10	25	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	81,385	43,770	37,615	1,160	635	525
None	65,590	34,775	30,810	1,125	630	495
English	14,050	7,965	6,085	10	0	10
French	1,430	895	530	20	10	20
Non-official language	225	90	135	0	0	0
Aboriginal	155	55	100	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	70	35	40	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	30	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	141,570	71,715	69,855	1,900	970	935
Non-movers	125,480	63,795	61,685	1,785	915	870
Movers	16,090	7,915	8,175	115	55	60
Non-migrants	10,730	5,300	5,435	55	20	30
Migrants	5,360	2,620	2,745	60	35	35
Internal migrants	5,160	2,520	2,640	60	35	30
Intraprovincial migrants	4,855	2,350	2,510	60	30	30
Interprovincial migrants	305	175	135	0	0	0
External migrants	195	100	100	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	134,915	68,410	66,500	1,815	940	880
Non-movers	91,230	46,530	44,700	1,485	775	705
Movers	43,680	21,880	21,795	335	170	170
Non-migrants	27,140	13,715	13,430	130	65	65
Migrants	16,540	8,170	8,370	205	105	105
Internal migrants	15,880	7,845	8,035	205	100	100
Intraprovincial migrants	14,990	7,355	7,635	150	70	85
Interprovincial migrants	890	490	400	50	30	20
External migrants	660	325	335	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec and Westfield, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abitibi-Témiscamingue [Economic region], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick