Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mont-Royal, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Oakview, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,276	...	...	1,626	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,503	...	...	1,513^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.0	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	7,914	...	...	659	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,373	...	...	625	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,691.0	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.53	...	...	1,147.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,275	9,720	10,550	1,625	845	780
0 to 14 years	4,050	2,135	1,915	315	170	145
0 to 4 years	1,095	580	515	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	1,420	745	675	120	65	55
10 to 14 years	1,540	810	730	95	55	40
15 to 64 years	12,365	5,935	6,425	1,055	550	510
15 to 19 years	1,435	780	660	85	40	45
20 to 24 years	1,250	600	650	100	60	40
25 to 29 years	805	400	405	95	45	50
30 to 34 years	895	395	495	105	50	55
35 to 39 years	1,165	530	635	80	40	40
40 to 44 years	1,425	615	810	75	35	35
45 to 49 years	1,490	705	785	100	50	50
50 to 54 years	1,530	735	785	130	60	75
55 to 59 years	1,275	640	640	165	100	70
60 to 64 years	1,085	540	550	125	60	60
65 years and over	3,860	1,650	2,205	255	135	125
65 to 69 years	975	450	525	100	50	55
70 to 74 years	870	395	475	60	40	20
75 to 79 years	695	290	405	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	585	260	325	25	15	15
85 years and over	735	260	480	25	15	15
85 to 89 years	460	180	280	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	205	60	145	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	60	15	40	5	5	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.0	22.0	18.2	19.4	20.1	18.6
15 to 64 years	61.0	61.1	60.9	64.9	65.1	65.4
65 years and over	19.0	17.0	20.9	15.7	16.0	16.0
85 years and over	3.6	2.7	4.5	1.5	1.8	1.9
Average age of the population	41.0	39.3	42.5	40.6	40.4	40.8
Median age of the population	41.9	40.2	43.1	42.3	41.9	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,370	...	...	625	...	...
Single-detached house	2,485	...	...	570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	835	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,050	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,360	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	210	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	490	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,980	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,370	...	...	625	...	...
1 person	1,775	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	2,055	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	1,200	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	1,575	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	765	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,860	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,225	7,590	8,635	1,310	675	635
Married or living common law	9,705	4,835	4,865	905	450	455
Married	8,250	4,110	4,145	785	395	390
Living common law	1,450	730	720	125	60	65
Not married and not living common law	6,525	2,755	3,770	405	225	180
Never married	4,355	2,205	2,150	270	170	105
Separated	280	100	175	30	10	10
Divorced	895	265	635	60	35	30
Widowed	995	185	810	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,545	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	2,090	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	1,205	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	1,570	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	680	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,550	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	4,745	...	...	435	...	...
Married couples	4,020	...	...	370	...	...
Common-law couples	725	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	805	...	...	50	...	...
Female parent	640	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	160	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,745	...	...	430	...	...
Couples without children	1,650	...	...	250	...	...
Couples with children	3,095	...	...	185	...	...
1 child	940	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	1,495	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	665	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	445	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	265	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	95	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,215	820	1,395	190	125	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
One-census-family households	5,425	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,595	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,825	...	...	220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	60	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,885	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	1,775	...	...	140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	115	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,010	9,650	10,360	1,625	850	775
English only	1,820	860	960	1,585	835	750
French only	2,250	995	1,255	0	0	0
English and French	15,615	7,640	7,980	35	10	25
Neither English nor French	320	160	160	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,010	9,650	10,360	1,630	850	775
English	6,400	3,100	3,305	1,615	840	770
French	11,005	5,280	5,725	5	5	0
English and French	2,300	1,130	1,170	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	305	145	160	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	7,555	3,660	3,890	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	37.8	37.9	37.5	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,010	9,650	10,360	1,630	850	775
Single responses	19,080	9,205	9,875	1,625	850	780
Official languages	12,445	6,035	6,415	1,455	765	690
English	3,705	1,785	1,915	1,450	765	685
French	8,740	4,245	4,495	5	5	0
Non-official languages	6,630	3,175	3,460	170	85	90
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,630	3,175	3,460	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,455	725	730	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,435	715	725	0	0	5
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,370	685	685	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	60	30	30	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	590	275	320	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	585	270	315	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	30	70	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	20	55	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,540	1,705	1,835	170	80	85
Albanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	240	110	125	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	570	255	320	10	10	5
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	570	250	315	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	5	0	5
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	30	45	0	0	0
Russian	320	145	175	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	25	30	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	60	85	140	70	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	110	40	70	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	605	305	305	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	415	205	205	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	215	110	105	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	105	55	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	195	90	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	190	95	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,530	750	780	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	585	285	300	5	0	0
Portuguese	140	65	75	0	0	0
Romanian	415	210	205	0	0	0
Spanish	390	185	200	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	555	265	290	0	0	0
Chinese languages	555	260	290	5	0	5
Cantonese	110	65	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	400	185	215	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	935	445	485	5	0	0
English and French	325	150	175	0	0	0
English and non-official language	175	90	85	0	0	0
French and non-official language	285	135	145	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	145	70	80	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,010	9,655	10,360	1,630	845	775
Single responses	18,490	8,940	9,555	1,615	840	770
Official languages	14,935	7,235	7,700	1,500	790	710
English	5,585	2,685	2,900	1,495	790	705
French	9,350	4,550	4,800	0	5	0
Non-official languages	3,560	1,700	1,855	110	50	60
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,555	1,700	1,855	110	55	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	295	315	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	605	295	310	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	590	285	305	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	415	195	220	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	415	195	215	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,870	890	975	110	55	60
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	155	65	90	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	370	175	200	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	375	175	195	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Russian	255	120	135	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	100	50	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	5	10	85	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	230	110	120	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	305	150	155	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	140	65	65	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	35	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	75	85	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	155	75	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	755	365	395	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	30	45	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	50	40	0	0	0
Romanian	330	165	160	0	0	0
Spanish	255	110	140	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	460	220	235	5	0	5
Chinese languages	460	220	240	0	0	5
Cantonese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	355	175	180	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,520	715	810	15	5	10
English and French	430	190	240	0	0	0
English and non-official language	355	185	170	10	5	5
French and non-official language	485	225	255	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	255	115	135	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,010	9,650	10,360	1,625	850	780
None	12,385	5,970	6,415	1,550	805	740
English	2,730	1,330	1,395	40	20	20
French	2,030	990	1,045	0	0	5
Non-official language	2,035	955	1,080	35	15	15
Aboriginal	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,035	950	1,080	35	15	20
English and French	365	180	180	0	0	0
English and non-official language	240	115	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	210	100	110	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,810	7,465	8,340	1,240	655	590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,970	7,025	7,945	1,210	640	570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,712	59,018	41,082	34,731	39,680	29,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,975	7,025	7,950	1,210	640	575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,381	48,019	35,826	30,592	34,645	26,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,905	6,615	7,290	1,150	625	530
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,123	59,179	38,197	31,539	35,840	25,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,510	4,290	6,220	850	405	445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,552	3,565	6,909	5,216	4,064	5,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,795	5,400	5,390	1,045	580	465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,729	53,376	35,291	30,400	34,816	25,056
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	15,805	7,515	8,290	1,245	655	595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,000	7,105	7,895	1,225	645	575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	100,943	137,212	68,317	38,729	44,636	32,067
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,000	7,100	7,895	1,220	645	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	70,960	92,931	51,195	32,045	36,245	27,308
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,850	6,670	7,180	1,160	635	525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	103,168	141,307	67,745	35,721	41,198	29,134
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,600	4,465	6,140	900	435	465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,973	7,115	8,597	6,532	6,504	6,558
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,790	5,420	5,370	1,045	580	460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	93,672	124,869	62,164	33,266	37,316	28,168
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	15,805	7,515	8,290	1,250	655	595
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,455	2,440	2,015	525	345	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	75,778	87,125	68,896	39,440	41,875	38,194
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	125,304	151,399	93,738	43,179	45,709	38,329
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.4	96.9	90.2	87.2	90.1	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.2	71.4	62.8	76.8	80.1	71.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.5	3.1	9.8	12.4	9.6	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	15,805	7,470	8,335	1,245	650	585
Without total income	840	445	390	30	15	15
With total income	14,970	7,025	7,945	1,210	640	570
Percentage with total income	94.7	94.0	95.3	97.2	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,140	960	1,180	150	70	80
$10,000 to $19,999	1,915	760	1,155	210	95	115
$20,000 to $29,999	1,380	540	840	165	75	90
$30,000 to $39,999	1,205	495	710	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	1,095	420	675	170	90	80
$50,000 to $59,999	930	380	555	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	760	340	420	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	680	305	375	55	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	545	240	305	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	415	195	225	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	3,910	2,390	1,520	40	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	1,535	815	720	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	2,375	1,575	800	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,810	7,465	8,335	1,240	655	585
Without after-tax income	830	445	390	30	15	15
With after-tax income	14,975	7,025	7,950	1,215	640	570
Percentage with after-tax income	94.7	94.1	95.4	98.0	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,265	1,000	1,270	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	1,980	785	1,200	225	100	125
$20,000 to $29,999	1,630	655	980	210	95	115
$30,000 to $39,999	1,540	605	935	235	125	110
$40,000 to $49,999	1,375	580	795	160	90	70
$50,000 to $59,999	1,045	460	590	110	75	35
$60,000 to $69,999	825	370	455	55	35	10
$70,000 to $79,999	665	320	340	35	20	15
$80,000 and over	3,640	2,250	1,390	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	545	300	245	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	455	240	210	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,640	1,705	935	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	15,805	7,470	8,335	1,245	655	590
Without employment income	5,015	2,070	2,945	200	75	125
With employment income	10,795	5,400	5,395	1,040	575	465
Percentage with employment income	68.3	72.3	64.7	83.5	87.8	78.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,625	750	875	150	85	70
$5,000 to $9,999	800	365	435	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	1,215	530	680	145	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	865	385	485	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	690	300	390	140	75	65
$40,000 to $49,999	655	270	385	120	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	595	260	330	80	50	30
$60,000 to $69,999	485	235	250	70	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	470	210	260	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	3,395	2,090	1,305	75	50	20
$80,000 to $89,999	325	155	170	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	285	150	135	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	2,780	1,785	1,000	30	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,370	...	...	625	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,540	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,680	...	...	58,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,775	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,392	...	...	36,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,976	...	...	31,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,600	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	146,725	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,269	...	...	66,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,370	...	...	625	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	205,309	...	...	75,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	144,326	...	...	62,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,770	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	69,500	...	...	33,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,175	...	...	28,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,605	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	248,120	...	...	86,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	173,060	...	...	71,278	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	75	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	210	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	200	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	185	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	225	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	430	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	370	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	300	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	255	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,920	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	430	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	715	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,220	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	255	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	225	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	245	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	300	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	490	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	395	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,330	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	630	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	490	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,210	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,535	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	148,340	...	...	77,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,270	...	...	65,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,575	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	130,859	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,656	...	...	62,592	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,105	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	191,204	...	...	96,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	145,827	...	...	81,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	780	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,936	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,992	...	...	36,523	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,545	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	249,333	...	...	85,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	173,737	...	...	70,492	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,555	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	248,349	...	...	81,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	175,774	...	...	67,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,135	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	283,523	...	...	101,182	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	194,910	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	775	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	127,750	...	...	48,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	93,264	...	...	42,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,965	740	1,225	170	115	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	44,352	45,184	44,096	37,760	42,368	27,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,504	37,824	37,376	31,957	34,688	23,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,950	755	1,200	175	110	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	66,868	76,618	60,744	35,768	40,657	27,625
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	51,373	56,660	48,051	30,207	33,178	25,259
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,860	9,600	10,255	1,540	815	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,615	3,060	3,555	885	450	435
In the bottom decile	1,530	710	820	135	75	65
In the second decile	1,375	620	755	200	95	105
In the third decile	1,345	615	730	210	100	105
In the fourth decile	1,190	550	640	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	1,180	570	610	170	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	13,250	6,545	6,700	650	365	290
In the sixth decile	1,175	565	610	185	100	85
In the seventh decile	1,230	575	660	170	90	80
In the eighth decile	1,445	705	735	115	65	50
In the ninth decile	2,205	1,080	1,125	135	75	55
In the top decile	7,190	3,615	3,575	50	25	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	815	725
0 to 17 years	4,890	2,595	2,290	345	180	160
0 to 5 years	1,370	725	645	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	11,515	5,465	6,050	950	505	445
65 years and over	3,460	1,540	1,915	245	125	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,270	1,035	1,230	255	130	130
0 to 17 years	615	310	305	80	40	40
0 to 5 years	155	80	75	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	1,310	600	715	125	65	55
65 years and over	345	130	215	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4	10.8	12.0	16.6	16.0	17.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.6	11.9	13.3	23.2	22.2	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	11.0	11.6	20.8	25.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	11.0	11.8	13.2	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	10.0	8.4	11.2	22.4	20.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,755	800	955	60	35	30
0 to 17 years	455	230	225	15	15	5
0 to 5 years	110	60	55	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	1,070	485	580	40	20	15
65 years and over	235	90	145	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.8	8.3	9.3	3.9	4.3	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	8.9	9.8	4.3	8.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	8.3	8.5	4.2	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	8.9	9.6	4.2	4.0	3.4
65 years and over (%)	6.8	5.8	7.6	4.1	4.0	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,860	9,605	10,260	1,540	815	725
Official languages	19,560	9,450	10,115	1,540	815	725
English	17,275	8,410	8,865	1,540	815	720
French	17,875	8,680	9,190	30	0	25
Non-official languages	10,170	4,650	5,520	105	60	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,170	4,650	5,520	110	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,515	1,220	1,295	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,500	1,210	1,290	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	2,330	1,140	1,185	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	190	75	120	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	825	380	440	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	805	375	430	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	45	80	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	35	65	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	205	95	105	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	200	90	105	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,040	2,670	3,370	100	60	40
Albanian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	335	165	170	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	835	385	450	25	0	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	835	385	455	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	10	0	10
Czech	25	10	10	10	0	10
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	45	60	0	0	0
Russian	555	265	290	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	35	45	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	415	180	235	75	50	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	10	0	10	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	360	170	195	50	30	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	730	380	350	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	575	265	315	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	320	140	180	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hindi	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	185	85	95	0	0	0
Iranian languages	250	115	135	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	235	110	125	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,525	1,465	2,060	0	0	0
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,280	565	715	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	95	75	0	0	0
Romanian	515	260	250	0	0	0
Spanish	1,850	685	1,165	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	25	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	65	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	50	30	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	625	280	345	0	0	0
Chinese languages	625	280	340	0	0	0
Cantonese	160	80	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	475	215	265	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	85	35	45	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	70	35	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,860	9,605	10,260	1,540	820	725
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,685	8,525	9,160	1,495	790	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,250	2,185	2,070	345	185	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,430	6,340	7,090	1,145	605	540
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,170	1,080	1,095	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	815	720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	12,370	6,020	6,350	1,420	745	670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,945	3,320	3,625	120	70	50
Before 1981	2,315	1,155	1,165	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	815	370	445	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	895	395	500	45	30	20
2001 to 2010	1,565	725	840	65	40	25
2001 to 2005	780	350	435	20	15	10
2006 to 2010	785	375	405	45	25	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,355	675	675	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	545	260	285	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,945	3,320	3,625	125	70	50
Under 5 years	700	340	360	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,260	610	650	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	1,300	585	720	30	30	0
25 to 44 years	3,110	1,505	1,605	40	25	20
45 years and over	570	285	290	25	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,945	3,320	3,625	125	75	50
Americas	795	355	430	0	0	0
Brazil	70	45	25	0	0	0
Colombia	60	30	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	180	70	110	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	75	20	55	0	0	0
Peru	25	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	160	85	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	185	80	105	0	0	0
Europe	2,170	1,105	1,065	115	75	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	545	320	225	0	0	0
Germany	70	30	40	20	20	0
Greece	215	115	100	0	0	0
Hungary	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	175	100	75	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	30	15	10
Poland	55	30	25	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	245	120	130	0	0	0
Russian Federation	110	45	65	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	75	35	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	40	65	65	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	495	235	260	0	0	0
Africa	1,155	585	570	0	0	0
Algeria	130	75	55	0	0	0
Egypt	365	185	180	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	290	145	145	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	350	175	180	0	0	0
Asia	2,825	1,265	1,555	10	0	10
Afghanistan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	355	140	210	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	55	30	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	165	90	75	0	0	0
Iraq	50	25	25	0	0	0
Japan	45	0	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	775	375	395	0	0	0
Pakistan	125	60	70	0	0	0
Philippines	85	30	60	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	315	145	165	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	495	240	260	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	260	85	175	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,350	675	675	0	0	0
Americas	185	85	105	0	0	0
Brazil	35	15	15	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	25	30	0	0	0
Europe	395	225	175	0	0	0
France	125	80	40	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Romania	50	20	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	20	0	0	0
Africa	215	115	100	0	0	0
Algeria	35	25	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	70	45	25	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	15	30	0	0	0
Asia	550	250	300	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	160	55	100	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	110	60	55	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	25	10	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	75	35	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,860	9,600	10,255	1,540	820	725
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,670	3,700	3,975	120	75	50
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,045	2,445	2,600	190	100	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,145	3,460	3,685	1,225	650	580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,765	2,235	2,525	115	70	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,595	1,820	1,780	110	60	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,480	885	590	45	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,120	925	1,190	55	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	805	295	505	15	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	310	115	195	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	55	10	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	815	720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	40	25	15	90	55	40
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	35	25	10	95	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	25	15	10	45	25	20
Métis	10	0	0	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,825	9,580	10,240	1,450	765	685
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	820	725
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	30	20	10	35	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,830	9,585	10,245	1,500	800	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	820	725
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	0	35	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	10	10	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	10	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	180	105	80	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	185	105	80	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	95	70	45	30	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,665	9,495	10,170	1,445	775	675
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	820	725
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,900	2,295	2,605	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	440	195	245	0	0	0
Chinese	660	290	370	0	0	0
Black	610	300	315	0	0	0
Filipino	120	40	80	0	0	10
Latin American	310	140	165	0	0	0
Arab	1,235	605	630	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	875	410	465	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	300	165	135	0	0	0
Korean	130	65	65	0	0	0
Japanese	65	20	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	135	65	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	14,960	7,310	7,655	1,535	815	715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,860	9,605	10,255	1,540	820	725
North American Aboriginal origins	195	105	85	95	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	100	80	60	35	25
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	10	10	40	15	25
Other North American origins	5,270	2,590	2,680	495	230	265
Acadian	15	0	15	0	0	0
American	235	105	130	25	0	25
Canadian	4,900	2,420	2,480	475	235	240
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	220	115	105	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	10,775	5,260	5,515	1,280	680	600
British Isles origins	2,320	1,080	1,240	925	480	440
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	855	410	440	610	325	280
Irish	1,240	545	695	295	155	145
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	675	270	400	420	205	215
Welsh	65	30	30	45	20	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	180	105	75	35	20	15
French origins	4,345	2,125	2,220	140	80	60
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	4,345	2,125	2,220	140	80	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,205	615	585	310	150	155
Austrian	140	60	85	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	310	165	145	65	20	45
Dutch	130	75	50	75	35	45
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	565	295	270	160	95	70
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	125	70	55	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	105	55	55	130	65	70
Danish	40	10	30	35	10	20
Finnish	20	20	10	15	10	10
Icelandic	10	0	10	30	15	15
Norwegian	30	20	0	0	10	0
Swedish	15	10	10	45	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	2,265	1,145	1,115	245	130	120
Bulgarian	80	25	50	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	55	20	35	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	265	135	130	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	250	135	120	0	0	0
Polish	510	260	250	80	40	35
Romanian	525	275	250	0	0	0
Russian	645	335	310	0	0	0
Slovak	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	335	170	165	185	95	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	45	25	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,390	1,630	1,760	25	0	25
Albanian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	10	30	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,030	530	500	15	0	15
Italian	1,770	815	955	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	95	95	0	0	0
Serbian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Spanish	435	190	245	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	325	165	160	0	10	0
Basque	50	20	25	0	0	0
Jewish	225	110	115	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	40	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	395	200	195	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	40	10	30	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	300	155	145	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	505	240	270	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Chilean	40	40	0	0	0	0
Colombian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	40	0	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	35	85	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,670	820	850	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	220	95	120	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	1,300	650	640	0	0	0
Algerian	135	80	55	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	25	25	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	420	210	215	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	565	255	310	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	180	105	75	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	25	50	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	10	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other African origins	80	40	40	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Asian origins	6,055	2,865	3,190	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,580	1,760	1,810	10	10	0
Afghan	35	0	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	260	135	125	0	0	0
Armenian	610	295	315	10	0	0
Assyrian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	250	150	95	0	0	0
Iraqi	95	35	65	0	0	0
Israeli	60	30	35	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,655	845	810	0	0	0
Palestinian	105	45	55	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	715	360	360	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	110	35	80	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	60	25	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins	445	215	230	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	280	145	130	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	135	55	80	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,060	900	1,155	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese	825	360	465	10	0	0
Filipino	165	65	100	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	20	50	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	140	75	70	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	945	435	505	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
Owner	4,950	...	...	550	...	...
Renter	2,425	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
Condominium	1,245	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	6,125	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,370	...	...	625	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,090	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,765	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,015	...	...	245	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,480	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,265	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	730	...	...	120	...	...
6 rooms	590	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	745	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,050	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,150	...	...	625	...	...
More than 1 person per room	225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
Suitable	6,855	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	515	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
1960 or before	5,085	...	...	220	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,165	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	240	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	225	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	110	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	135	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	415	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	6,895	...	...	565	...	...
Major repairs needed	480	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,570	...	...	395	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,725	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,375	...	...	625	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	620	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,340	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,700	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,395	...	...	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,130	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	700	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	415	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,355	...	...	465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,635	...	...	395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,715	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,410	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,955	...	...	410	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.0	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.7	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,478	...	...	674	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,911	...	...	830	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	899,840	...	...	174,598	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,017,819	...	...	181,786	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,425	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	2.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	498	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,119	...	...	534	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,810	7,515	8,295	1,250	650	595
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,240	610	630	225	115	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,200	1,055	1,140	395	225	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,370	5,855	6,520	625	315	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	500	205	300	180	115	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	150	245	80	50	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	110	50	55	100	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,355	995	1,360	250	90	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	535	155	380	65	35	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,980	4,500	4,480	140	70	70
Bachelor's degree	4,425	2,095	2,340	105	45	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	880	470	415	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	935	510	425	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,225	1,120	1,105	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	510	315	195	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,680	4,580	5,100	785	410	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	265	135	130	85	40	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	775	400	370	275	150	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,645	4,045	4,600	430	215	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	290	115	170	110	70	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	230	85	145	45	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	60	35	30	60	45	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,120	480	640	190	75	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375	105	265	35	20	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,860	3,340	3,520	100	55	50
Bachelor's degree	3,350	1,580	1,770	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	690	345	340	20	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	655	290	365	0	10	0
Master's degree	1,825	920	905	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	345	200	140	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,810	7,515	8,295	1,250	655	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,435	1,660	1,775	615	340	280
Education	515	55	460	35	15	20
13. Education	515	55	460	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	170	340	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	480	145	335	20	15	10
Humanities	890	275	610	30	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	175	15	155	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	75	0	80	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	390	145	240	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	15	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	10	10	0
54. History	35	25	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	135	40	100	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,020	850	1,175	45	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	160	45	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	165	20	145	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	710	385	325	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	15	10	10	10	0
42. Psychology	275	40	235	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	680	340	340	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,525	1,770	1,750	95	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	65	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,455	1,765	1,690	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	705	320	385	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	300	105	200	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	75	70	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	65	35	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	185	100	85	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	515	265	250	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	210	150	0	0	0
25. Library science	35	10	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	45	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,485	1,225	260	160	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	150	95	60	0	0	10
14. Engineering	1,075	900	180	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	135	120	15	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	45	45	0	30	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	55	10	65	60	10
48. Precision production	10	10	0	35	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	25	45	85	55	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	10	35	75	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	10	0	10
Health and related fields	1,945	825	1,125	115	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	55	15	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,430	515	910	115	0	110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	450	250	200	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	195	70	120	35	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	175	60	115	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	10	15	10	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,680	4,585	5,100	790	410	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,040	535	505	355	190	165
Education	260	25	230	30	15	15
13. Education	260	25	235	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	390	130	265	10	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	115	260	15	15	0
Humanities	420	110	310	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	0	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	40	100	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	0	10	10	0
54. History	15	15	0	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,490	635	855	30	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	35	85	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	15	100	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	535	275	260	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	10	0
42. Psychology	195	40	150	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	505	255	245	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,710	1,325	1,385	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	10	40	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,665	1,320	1,345	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	360	160	200	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	75	125	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	20	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	55	50	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	405	215	185	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	295	170	125	0	0	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	30	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,105	880	225	110	100	15
04. Architecture and related services	130	85	45	10	0	0
14. Engineering	825	660	165	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	70	65	0	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	35	0	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	10	45	40	10
48. Precision production	10	10	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	55	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	0	30	50	30	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	10	10	0	10
Health and related fields	1,315	505	805	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	50	15	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	915	305	610	70	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	335	150	185	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	40	90	30	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	115	30	85	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,805	7,515	8,295	1,250	650	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,435	1,660	1,775	620	340	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,370	5,855	6,520	630	315	320
Location of study inside Canada	9,315	4,380	4,940	540	260	280
Same as province or territory of residence	8,775	4,095	4,685	480	225	260
Different than province or territory of residence	540	290	255	60	35	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,050	1,470	1,580	85	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	335	200	130	20	10	10
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
India	40	10	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	130	65	65	30	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	125	50	75	0	0	0
France	505	295	210	0	0	0
Other	1,880	835	1,045	40	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,685	4,580	5,100	790	410	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,040	535	505	355	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,645	4,050	4,600	430	220	215
Location of study inside Canada	6,380	3,000	3,380	365	180	185
Same as province or territory of residence	6,015	2,810	3,205	325	155	170
Different than province or territory of residence	365	185	175	40	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,265	1,050	1,215	70	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	235	130	105	20	10	0
Philippines	30	10	20	0	0	0
India	25	0	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	50	45	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	120	50	65	0	0	0
France	405	230	175	0	0	0
Other	1,350	570	780	30	20	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	15,810	7,515	8,295	1,245	655	595
In the labour force	10,095	5,275	4,820	965	540	420
Employed	9,460	4,930	4,525	925	520	410
Unemployed	640	345	295	40	25	15
Not in the labour force	5,710	2,235	3,470	290	115	170
Participation rate	63.9	70.2	58.1	77.5	82.4	70.6
Employment rate	59.8	65.6	54.6	74.3	79.4	68.9
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.5	6.1	4.1	4.6	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	15,805	7,515	8,290	1,245	655	590
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,010	1,905	3,105	230	85	145
Worked	10,800	5,615	5,185	1,020	565	450
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,720	2,640	2,085	550	355	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,075	2,975	3,105	470	210	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.9	39.9	43.1	43.9	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,095	5,275	4,825	960	540	425
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	95	110	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,895	5,180	4,715	960	535	420
Employee	7,365	3,615	3,750	705	355	350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,525	1,560	960	255	180	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,100	5,275	4,820	965	540	420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	95	110	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,890	5,180	4,715	960	535	425
0 Management occupations	1,975	1,285	690	185	160	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,955	770	1,185	140	25	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	850	610	240	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	1,240	575	665	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,470	620	855	110	20	95
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	515	220	295	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	1,550	810	740	120	50	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	215	190	20	200	185	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	80	60	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	105	80	30	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,100	5,275	4,825	960	540	420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	205	100	110	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,890	5,175	4,715	955	535	425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	20	0	235	175	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	65	40	30	0	0	0
23 Construction	210	150	60	80	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	715	460	255	55	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	560	345	215	30	15	15
44-45 Retail trade	870	440	430	60	40	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	255	155	105	95	80	20
51 Information and cultural industries	315	180	130	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	740	405	335	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	170	185	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,760	1,050	720	30	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	285	150	135	25	20	10
61 Educational services	855	355	505	45	15	35
62 Health care and social assistance	1,530	595	935	155	10	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	265	140	125	10	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	395	195	205	20	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	255	110	145	50	30	25
91 Public administration	390	205	190	30	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,460	4,935	4,530	925	520	405
Worked at home	935	425	505	245	165	85
Worked outside Canada	80	55	25	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	570	340	230	135	115	15
Worked at usual place	7,880	4,115	3,760	545	240	305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,880	4,115	3,765	545	240	305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	715	340	375	80	30	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,425	3,325	3,100	180	95	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	690	425	265	285	115	170
Commute to a different province or territory	50	25	20	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,450	4,450	3,995	675	355	320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,435	3,055	2,385	605	315	285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	300	85	210	50	20	30
Public transit	2,065	940	1,125	0	0	0
Walked	350	185	165	20	15	10
Bicycle	200	135	65	0	0	0
Other method	105	60	45	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,450	4,455	4,000	675	355	320
Less than 15 minutes	1,360	745	615	140	90	50
15 to 29 minutes	4,165	2,210	1,950	250	120	130
30 to 44 minutes	2,035	1,040	1,000	205	95	110
45 to 59 minutes	525	285	245	50	25	20
60 minutes and over	365	175	190	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,450	4,455	4,000	675	355	320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	90	70	20	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	515	365	150	115	85	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,845	1,525	1,325	235	125	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,975	1,465	1,510	175	90	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,410	700	705	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	615	330	290	90	30	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,090	5,730	5,360	1,050	585	470
Single responses	9,135	4,700	4,435	1,050	580	470
Official languages	8,975	4,620	4,355	1,050	580	470
English	3,385	1,780	1,600	1,050	580	470
French	5,595	2,840	2,755	0	0	0
Non-official languages	160	80	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,960	1,030	925	0	0	0
English and French	1,755	930	825	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	20	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	125	70	60	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,090	5,730	5,360	1,050	580	470
None	5,060	2,495	2,565	1,025	570	450
English	3,600	1,955	1,645	0	0	0
French	2,070	1,090	975	0	0	10
Non-official language	235	105	130	20	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	230	105	125	20	10	10
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	50	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,670	9,485	10,185	1,525	805	720
Non-movers	17,300	8,325	8,970	1,365	720	645
Movers	2,370	1,155	1,215	160	90	70
Non-migrants	1,420	670	745	65	45	25
Migrants	955	490	465	95	50	50
Internal migrants	495	260	235	95	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	425	225	200	75	30	45
Interprovincial migrants	70	35	30	20	20	10
External migrants	460	230	230	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,785	9,030	9,755	1,425	755	670
Non-movers	12,400	5,925	6,475	1,095	585	505
Movers	6,390	3,110	3,280	330	170	160
Non-migrants	3,370	1,645	1,730	115	70	45
Migrants	3,015	1,465	1,550	220	105	115
Internal migrants	1,315	650	670	215	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	1,160	580	580	200	100	105
Interprovincial migrants	160	65	90	15	10	10
External migrants	1,700	820	880	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mont-Royal, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Oakview, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mont-Royal, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba