Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dorval, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Dorval, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Westfield, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Dorval, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Dorval, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	18,980	...	...	1,962	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	18,208	...	...	2,108	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.2	...	...	-6.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,818	...	...	952	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,392	...	...	811	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	907.7	...	...	6.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.91	...	...	295.70	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	18,980	9,265	9,715	1,965	1,010	950
0 to 14 years	2,555	1,320	1,235	275	160	120
0 to 4 years	810	420	390	80	50	30
5 to 9 years	885	460	425	95	50	40
10 to 14 years	865	435	420	105	55	45
15 to 64 years	12,695	6,315	6,385	1,340	675	670
15 to 19 years	990	530	460	105	65	40
20 to 24 years	1,295	665	625	90	40	50
25 to 29 years	1,120	545	575	110	55	55
30 to 34 years	1,200	625	580	90	50	40
35 to 39 years	1,160	585	570	95	50	45
40 to 44 years	1,230	585	645	140	75	65
45 to 49 years	1,310	615	700	150	65	90
50 to 54 years	1,575	780	795	195	95	95
55 to 59 years	1,540	740	795	190	95	95
60 to 64 years	1,270	640	635	175	85	90
65 years and over	3,725	1,625	2,100	345	180	165
65 to 69 years	1,145	545	595	155	80	75
70 to 74 years	880	395	480	85	45	35
75 to 79 years	655	300	355	55	30	20
80 to 84 years	515	200	310	20	10	10
85 years and over	530	175	350	25	10	20
85 to 89 years	340	130	210	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	150	45	110	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	40	5	30	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.5	14.2	12.7	14.0	15.8	12.6
15 to 64 years	66.9	68.2	65.7	68.2	66.8	70.5
65 years and over	19.6	17.5	21.6	17.6	17.8	17.4
85 years and over	2.8	1.9	3.6	1.3	1.0	2.1
Average age of the population	43.5	42.2	44.8	43.7	42.7	44.6
Median age of the population	44.7	43.2	46.3	47.1	45.8	48.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,390	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	3,925	...	...	715	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	795	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,675	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	225	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	225	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,920	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,395	...	...	810	...	...
1 person	3,105	...	...	185	...	...
2 persons	2,600	...	...	345	...	...
3 persons	1,155	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	1,075	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	470	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	18,565	...	...	1,930	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,420	7,940	8,480	1,685	850	830
Married or living common law	8,655	4,305	4,350	1,115	560	555
Married	6,675	3,325	3,350	930	465	465
Living common law	1,980	980	995	185	95	95
Not married and not living common law	7,770	3,640	4,135	565	295	270
Never married	5,140	2,755	2,385	355	215	140
Separated	325	140	185	55	25	25
Divorced	1,280	495	785	75	30	40
Widowed	1,025	245	780	85	20	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,120	...	...	635	...	...
2 persons	2,590	...	...	370	...	...
3 persons	1,130	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	1,045	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	350	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,120	...	...	635	...	...
Total couple families	4,220	...	...	560	...	...
Married couples	3,230	...	...	465	...	...
Common-law couples	990	...	...	95	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	900	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	705	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	195	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,220	...	...	555	...	...
Couples without children	2,020	...	...	325	...	...
Couples with children	2,200	...	...	235	...	...
1 child	865	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	990	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	340	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	900	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	575	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	265	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	65	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,960	1,905	2,055	240	130	110
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
One-census-family households	4,965	...	...	600	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,960	...	...	305	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,005	...	...	290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,350	...	...	195	...	...
One-person households	3,100	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	250	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	18,705	9,140	9,565	1,930	990	940
English only	3,685	1,835	1,850	1,690	895	795
French only	1,430	620	810	0	0	5
English and French	13,375	6,605	6,765	245	100	145
Neither English nor French	220	90	130	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	18,705	9,140	9,565	1,935	990	940
English	10,675	5,315	5,360	1,875	965	910
French	6,435	3,065	3,365	55	25	30
English and French	1,395	675	715	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	205	85	125	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	11,370	5,655	5,715	60	25	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	60.8	61.9	59.7	3.1	2.5	3.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	18,705	9,145	9,565	1,930	990	940
Single responses	17,880	8,755	9,125	1,930	990	940
Official languages	13,335	6,615	6,720	1,915	985	930
English	7,795	3,975	3,825	1,850	955	895
French	5,540	2,645	2,895	65	30	35
Non-official languages	4,545	2,135	2,410	10	5	10
Aboriginal languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,485	2,115	2,370	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	420	220	200	0	0	0
Berber languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	10	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	380	205	175	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	370	195	175	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	360	140	220	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	265	100	170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	25	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	25	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,675	1,275	1,405	10	5	10
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	535	240	290	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	515	235	280	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	50	80	0	0	0
Russian	175	80	95	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	80	135	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	20	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	50	110	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	130	140	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,505	740	765	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	535	285	250	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	35	50	0	0	0
Romanian	270	130	135	0	0	0
Spanish	610	285	325	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	585	280	305	0	0	0
Chinese languages	585	280	305	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	45	45	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	430	200	225	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	825	385	435	10	5	5
English and French	395	185	215	5	5	5
English and non-official language	225	100	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	110	55	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	100	50	45	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	18,705	9,145	9,560	1,935	990	940
Single responses	17,400	8,505	8,895	1,920	985	935
Official languages	15,135	7,450	7,680	1,920	990	935
English	10,045	5,010	5,035	1,910	975	930
French	5,085	2,440	2,645	15	10	5
Non-official languages	2,265	1,050	1,215	0	0	5
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,245	1,045	1,200	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	5	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	180	90	90	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	175	90	85	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	70	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	55	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,185	545	640	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	300	135	160	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	295	135	160	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	20	30	0	0	0
Russian	150	70	75	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	5	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	5	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	665	310	360	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Romanian	175	85	95	0	0	0
Spanish	390	180	210	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	480	235	245	0	0	0
Chinese languages	480	235	245	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	185	195	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,305	640	670	10	5	5
English and French	455	225	235	10	5	5
English and non-official language	435	205	235	0	0	0
French and non-official language	195	105	95	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	215	110	105	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	18,705	9,145	9,565	1,935	990	945
None	12,905	6,400	6,505	1,880	970	915
English	2,025	955	1,070	5	0	0
French	1,990	970	1,025	35	15	25
Non-official language	1,310	595	715	5	0	5
Aboriginal	30	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,285	585	700	5	5	5
English and French	215	105	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	30	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	180	85	95	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,015	7,795	8,215	1,650	830	825
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,430	7,495	7,940	1,575	795	790
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,018	40,069	32,888	34,253	43,179	26,923
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,435	7,495	7,945	1,575	790	785
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,663	34,423	29,262	30,482	38,315	24,781
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,090	6,900	7,190	1,380	730	655
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,078	38,245	28,924	33,088	40,032	27,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,605	5,240	6,365	1,070	490	585
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,120	3,227	6,804	7,680	9,376	6,288
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,435	5,845	5,595	1,145	600	550
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,563	37,650	32,044	35,712	43,968	30,432
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,015	7,780	8,230	1,655	845	810
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,410	7,470	7,945	1,595	835	765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,973	57,129	41,304	42,247	50,974	32,749
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,415	7,470	7,940	1,600	830	765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,947	44,183	34,022	35,428	41,704	28,597
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,030	6,855	7,180	1,375	760	615
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,446	57,076	38,253	42,733	50,035	33,712
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,630	5,170	6,455	1,070	505	570
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,679	6,911	8,294	8,113	8,738	7,562
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,435	5,840	5,590	1,145	625	515
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,122	52,484	39,480	44,399	53,261	33,570
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,015	7,780	8,235	1,655	845	810
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,555	2,940	2,615	655	365	295
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,975	53,312	47,168	43,840	51,500	39,173
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,745	73,677	54,708	52,833	61,087	42,642
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.2	91.6	83.8	86.4	88.3	83.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.0	72.4	66.9	74.5	76.3	72.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.9	8.5	16.2	13.5	11.5	16.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,010	7,795	8,215	1,655	830	825
Without total income	580	305	275	75	40	40
With total income	15,430	7,490	7,940	1,580	795	785
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.1	96.7	95.5	95.8	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,015	920	1,090	205	70	135
$10,000 to $19,999	2,415	1,035	1,380	245	90	155
$20,000 to $29,999	2,110	925	1,185	250	105	150
$30,000 to $39,999	1,930	855	1,070	205	95	115
$40,000 to $49,999	1,805	880	930	195	105	90
$50,000 to $59,999	1,305	640	665	120	75	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,020	520	500	85	50	35
$70,000 to $79,999	745	385	360	65	40	25
$80,000 to $89,999	505	290	220	45	35	10
$90,000 to $99,999	360	230	135	50	35	10
$100,000 and over	1,220	810	410	105	80	20
$100,000 to $149,999	780	510	265	85	65	20
$150,000 and over	440	295	145	20	20	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,010	7,795	8,210	1,655	830	825
Without after-tax income	575	300	270	80	35	40
With after-tax income	15,435	7,495	7,945	1,575	795	785
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.2	96.8	95.2	95.8	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,110	935	1,175	210	70	140
$10,000 to $19,999	2,560	1,115	1,445	265	95	175
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,175	1,455	300	140	160
$30,000 to $39,999	2,600	1,225	1,380	255	120	135
$40,000 to $49,999	1,895	925	980	195	120	80
$50,000 to $59,999	1,290	665	625	120	75	45
$60,000 to $69,999	850	480	370	70	45	25
$70,000 to $79,999	470	285	185	70	55	15
$80,000 and over	1,030	695	340	85	65	20
$80,000 to $89,999	295	190	105	30	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	185	135	55	20	15	0
$100,000 and over	550	370	175	30	25	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,010	7,795	8,215	1,650	830	825
Without employment income	4,575	1,955	2,625	510	235	275
With employment income	11,435	5,845	5,590	1,145	600	545
Percentage with employment income	71.4	75.0	68.0	69.4	72.3	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,430	730	700	135	65	65
$5,000 to $9,999	890	390	500	65	25	45
$10,000 to $19,999	1,475	710	755	150	60	90
$20,000 to $29,999	1,330	620	710	130	60	70
$30,000 to $39,999	1,315	605	715	155	65	85
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	600	595	130	55	70
$50,000 to $59,999	925	470	455	95	60	30
$60,000 to $69,999	755	380	370	70	40	30
$70,000 to $79,999	565	300	265	65	35	20
$80,000 and over	1,560	1,035	525	160	125	35
$80,000 to $89,999	405	255	150	30	20	10
$90,000 to $99,999	270	175	100	40	35	10
$100,000 and over	885	610	275	90	70	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,390	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,689	...	...	69,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,087	...	...	59,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,100	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,453	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,344	...	...	35,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,295	...	...	630	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,873	...	...	83,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,976	...	...	71,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,952	...	...	83,236	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,535	...	...	69,801	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,110	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,995	...	...	43,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,364	...	...	37,126	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,285	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,023	...	...	95,462	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,443	...	...	79,769	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	315	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	405	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	325	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	380	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	405	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	440	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	365	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	780	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	690	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	545	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	475	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	400	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,425	...	...	250	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	785	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	555	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	575	...	...	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	510	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	200	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	340	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	470	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	425	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	560	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	485	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	485	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	860	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	680	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	625	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	470	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,645	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	725	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	390	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 and over	535	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,130	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,472	...	...	81,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,392	...	...	70,528	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,910	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,323	...	...	70,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,210	...	...	61,312	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,215	...	...	235	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,176	...	...	106,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,604	...	...	90,112	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	860	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,968	...	...	49,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,832	...	...	44,288	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,105	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,241	...	...	94,647	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,218	...	...	79,018	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,935	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,944	...	...	90,106	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,459	...	...	75,313	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,210	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	138,600	...	...	107,798	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,299	...	...	89,122	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	840	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,320	...	...	64,362	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,082	...	...	56,957	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,570	1,770	1,805	215	120	95
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,372	37,205	35,738	39,296	40,576	38,272
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,919	32,171	31,634	33,920	34,688	33,792
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,640	1,800	1,835	220	115	100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,725	50,282	41,251	42,045	41,942	42,163
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,964	39,215	34,755	36,242	35,775	36,774
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	18,565	9,120	9,445	1,930	990	940
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,395	4,545	4,845	980	505	475
In the bottom decile	1,440	740	700	140	75	65
In the second decile	1,555	715	845	185	90	95
In the third decile	2,035	985	1,050	220	110	110
In the fourth decile	2,260	1,085	1,175	220	120	95
In the fifth decile	2,110	1,030	1,085	215	110	105
In the top half of the distribution	9,170	4,570	4,600	950	485	465
In the sixth decile	1,995	1,005	995	215	110	105
In the seventh decile	1,920	945	975	215	110	105
In the eighth decile	2,005	995	1,015	230	115	115
In the ninth decile	1,630	800	835	185	95	90
In the top decile	1,615	835	785	105	50	55
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	18,565	9,120	9,450	1,930	990	940
0 to 17 years	3,115	1,630	1,485	340	195	140
0 to 5 years	955	500	460	100	60	45
18 to 64 years	12,055	5,955	6,105	1,260	615	645
65 years and over	3,390	1,535	1,855	330	175	155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,185	1,050	1,135	230	115	120
0 to 17 years	385	200	180	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	105	45	60	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	1,395	690	710	130	65	65
65 years and over	405	160	245	50	25	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.8	11.5	12.0	11.9	11.6	12.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	12.3	12.1	14.7	12.8	17.9
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	9.0	13.0	5.0	8.3	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	11.6	11.6	10.3	10.6	10.1
65 years and over (%)	11.9	10.4	13.2	15.2	14.3	16.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,710	870	840	75	45	30
0 to 17 years	285	145	135	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	75	25	50	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	1,170	620	550	50	30	20
65 years and over	265	105	155	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.5	8.9	3.9	4.5	3.2
0 to 17 years (%)	9.1	8.9	9.1	4.4	2.6	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.9	5.0	10.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	10.4	9.0	4.0	4.9	3.1
65 years and over (%)	7.8	6.8	8.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	18,565	9,120	9,445	1,935	990	940
Official languages	18,360	9,040	9,320	1,925	990	935
English	17,005	8,415	8,590	1,925	990	935
French	14,690	7,325	7,365	200	75	125
Non-official languages	6,385	2,965	3,425	50	10	35
Aboriginal languages	110	45	70	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	25	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	80	20	65	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	85	20	65	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,270	2,915	3,355	45	10	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	685	380	300	0	0	0
Berber languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	25	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	635	350	285	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	605	340	265	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	10	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	470	150	320	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	75	25	50	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	445	140	305	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	175	100	80	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	155	95	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	65	65	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	115	55	60	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,965	1,840	2,125	30	0	35
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	35	25	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	685	310	375	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	660	290	365	0	0	0
Belarusan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	205	100	110	0	0	0
Russian	250	105	140	0	0	0
Serbian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	320	115	205	35	0	35
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	275	85	185	15	0	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	15	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	160	70	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	350	180	170	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	265	135	135	0	0	0
Bengali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	50	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	0	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,575	1,195	1,375	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	900	440	460	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	65	55	0	0	0
Romanian	290	155	130	0	0	0
Spanish	1,440	620	815	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	10	10	10
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	695	340	365	0	0	0
Chinese languages	695	335	360	0	0	0
Cantonese	160	85	80	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	545	250	300	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	85	40	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	35	15	25	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	100	55	50	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	70	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	40	20	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	18,565	9,120	9,445	1,930	990	940
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	17,515	8,570	8,945	1,925	985	940
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,945	1,555	1,390	330	175	155
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,570	7,010	7,555	1,590	810	785
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,055	550	505	0	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	18,565	9,115	9,445	1,930	990	940
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	13,565	6,735	6,825	1,895	980	915
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,810	2,245	2,565	35	10	25
Before 1981	1,445	685	760	25	0	20
1981 to 1990	570	255	310	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	985	425	560	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,170	570	600	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	620	310	305	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	550	260	295	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	640	305	330	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	190	130	60	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,810	2,245	2,560	35	0	25
Under 5 years	520	270	255	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	810	400	410	15	0	10
15 to 24 years	830	365	465	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,315	1,055	1,255	10	10	0
45 years and over	335	160	180	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,810	2,250	2,565	30	10	25
Americas	1,030	505	520	10	0	10
Brazil	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	65	25	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	70	40	30	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	95	55	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	80	30	45	0	0	0
Peru	55	15	40	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	85	45	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	120	60	60	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	395	210	185	0	0	0
Europe	1,555	705	855	25	10	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	165	95	75	0	0	0
Germany	105	35	65	0	0	10
Greece	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hungary	30	10	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	160	75	85	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	15	15	0	0	0
Poland	65	30	30	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	225	120	105	0	0	0
Russian Federation	65	25	40	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	0	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	280	135	145	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	260	100	155	0	0	0
Africa	550	295	250	0	0	0
Algeria	115	65	50	0	0	0
Egypt	140	90	50	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	105	60	45	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	130	50	85	0	0	0
Asia	1,670	735	930	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	330	150	175	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	15	20	0	0	0
India	105	50	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	40	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	445	140	305	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	75	35	40	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	170	70	95	0	0	0
Viet Nam	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	205	120	85	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	640	305	335	0	0	0
Americas	225	110	115	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	40	15	25	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	85	50	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	15	0	0	0
Europe	90	50	40	0	0	0
France	25	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	55	30	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	110	45	60	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	215	100	120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	60	25	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	18,565	9,120	9,450	1,930	990	940
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,080	2,415	2,665	40	10	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,080	2,115	1,965	130	60	65
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,405	4,585	4,820	1,765	915	845
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,400	1,580	1,820	15	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,095	990	1,105	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	925	485	435	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,175	505	675	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	945	405	540	15	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	335	165	165	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	18,565	9,115	9,445	1,930	990	940
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	260	100	160	45	15	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	245	95	150	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	80	45	35	40	10	25
Métis	55	30	25	0	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	105	25	85	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	18,305	9,015	9,285	1,890	975	915
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	18,565	9,115	9,450	1,930	990	940
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	75	50	30	15	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,495	9,070	9,425	1,915	985	930
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	18,565	9,120	9,450	1,930	990	940
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	90	40	55	20	0	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	75	30	45	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	25	10	20	0	15
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	0	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	430	150	280	55	20	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	400	150	255	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	300	115	180	50	15	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	35	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	15	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	20	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	18,045	8,930	9,115	1,855	965	890
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	18,565	9,120	9,445	1,930	990	940
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,350	2,140	2,210	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	485	225	260	0	0	0
Chinese	820	400	425	0	0	0
Black	805	450	355	10	0	10
Filipino	595	240	355	0	0	0
Latin American	675	310	365	0	0	0
Arab	495	270	225	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	145	55	85	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Korean	60	40	20	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	145	85	60	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	14,215	6,980	7,235	1,925	990	940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	18,565	9,115	9,450	1,935	990	945
North American Aboriginal origins	520	190	330	80	20	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	150	230	75	20	50
Inuit	130	30	100	0	0	0
Métis	50	20	35	10	10	0
Other North American origins	6,170	3,030	3,140	985	520	460
Acadian	95	50	50	0	0	0
American	220	130	90	0	0	0
Canadian	5,875	2,880	3,005	980	520	465
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	140	70	70	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	11,475	5,680	5,800	1,245	620	625
British Isles origins	5,365	2,690	2,680	1,125	565	565
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,225	1,145	1,080	595	340	260
Irish	2,815	1,320	1,495	645	345	295
Manx	15	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,145	1,025	1,120	465	215	250
Welsh	205	80	130	15	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	525	270	255	60	30	30
French origins	3,915	1,880	2,035	310	180	135
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,905	1,875	2,030	310	180	140
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,375	625	750	190	85	110
Austrian	105	40	60	15	20	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	125	65	65	15	10	0
Dutch	180	70	115	35	0	30
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	940	430	505	145	65	75
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	90	45	45	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	290	155	135	65	20	45
Danish	110	80	30	10	0	10
Finnish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	85	35	50	50	20	30
Swedish	40	20	20	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,060	1,050	1,010	55	35	20
Bulgarian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Czech	65	35	25	25	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	15	0	0	0	10
Estonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	205	95	105	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	690	355	340	0	0	0
Romanian	405	210	200	0	0	0
Russian	425	190	235	20	20	0
Slovak	65	40	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	420	190	225	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,860	1,430	1,430	70	25	50
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	1,830	935	895	45	15	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	240	130	105	10	0	10
Serbian	85	50	40	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	445	210	235	25	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	75	35	40	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	15	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	630	340	285	10	10	10
Antiguan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	70	50	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dominican	45	20	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	210	120	85	0	0	0
Jamaican	105	55	50	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	0	25	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	70	35	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	880	440	435	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	35	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	45	25	20	0	0	0
Colombian	105	40	65	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Honduran	30	30	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	185	70	110	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Salvadorean	90	40	45	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	175	95	80	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	25	15	0	0	0
African origins	850	445	405	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	50	30	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	545	290	260	0	0	0
Algerian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Berber	65	50	20	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	210	125	90	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	20	10	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	10	30	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	115	60	55	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	70	70	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,010	1,470	1,540	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	730	415	320	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Armenian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	30	15	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	165	90	80	0	0	0
Palestinian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	85	50	40	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	45	25	20	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	20	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	540	250	290	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	390	195	200	0	10	0
Goan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	120	40	75	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,775	830	945	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese	860	415	445	0	0	0
Filipino	640	275	360	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	25	30	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	40	25	0	0	0
Laotian	25	15	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	110	55	55	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	35	55	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
Owner	5,030	...	...	780	...	...
Renter	3,365	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,390	...	...	815	...	...
Condominium	1,120	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	7,270	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,395	...	...	810	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,800	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,370	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,415	...	...	450	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,735	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,390	...	...	815	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,430	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	965	...	...	125	...	...
6 rooms	955	...	...	155	...	...
7 rooms	900	...	...	170	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,135	...	...	310	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,320	...	...	810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	70	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,395	...	...	810	...	...
Suitable	8,030	...	...	800	...	...
Not suitable	365	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
1960 or before	3,985	...	...	180	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,330	...	...	245	...	...
1981 to 1990	765	...	...	130	...	...
1991 to 2000	360	...	...	135	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	230	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	560	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,395	...	...	810	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,620	...	...	755	...	...
Major repairs needed	770	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,395	...	...	810	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,325	...	...	465	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,915	...	...	320	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	150	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,390	...	...	810	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,170	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,325	...	...	110	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,735	...	...	175	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,705	...	...	215	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,275	...	...	160	...	...
75 to 84 years	745	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	250	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,370	...	...	810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,540	...	...	745	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,825	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,600	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,030	...	...	780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.3	...	...	55.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.6	...	...	7.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,111	...	...	682	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,165	...	...	780	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,368	...	...	159,873	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	414,180	...	...	196,276	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,360	...	...	30	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	3.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	804	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	871	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,010	7,785	8,230	1,660	850	810
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,905	1,070	830	255	135	120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,055	2,010	2,040	510	205	310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,055	4,695	5,360	895	510	385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,585	930	655	260	215	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,150	630	515	85	60	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	435	300	135	170	155	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,235	1,460	1,775	355	175	185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	615	220	395	65	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,625	2,085	2,540	215	105	110
Bachelor's degree	3,045	1,355	1,690	155	85	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	450	215	230	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	50	50	0	10	0
Master's degree	850	370	485	40	0	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175	95	80	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,455	5,110	5,340	1,135	565	570
No certificate, diploma or degree	770	500	270	100	45	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,260	1,195	1,070	355	140	215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,425	3,420	4,000	680	380	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,095	615	480	160	145	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	800	420	380	50	30	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	295	195	100	115	110	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,225	1,060	1,160	295	135	155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395	135	255	40	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,705	1,605	2,100	180	80	100
Bachelor's degree	2,455	1,080	1,380	125	65	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	345	145	200	15	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	20	55	0	0	0
Master's degree	695	295	400	35	0	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	70	70	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,010	7,780	8,230	1,660	845	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,960	3,085	2,875	765	335	425
Education	685	145	535	65	15	50
13. Education	685	150	535	65	15	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	565	235	330	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	50	15	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	500	190	315	15	10	0
Humanities	630	200	430	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	160	15	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	45	45	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	85	125	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	10	25	0	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	75	25	50	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	10	35	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,365	505	860	50	20	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	70	100	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	30	205	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	135	70	65	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	170	50	120	10	10	10
45. Social sciences	635	290	345	25	10	10
Business, management and public administration	2,355	910	1,450	145	35	115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	20	35	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,295	885	1,415	140	30	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	500	260	240	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	60	130	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	55	45	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	20	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	150	105	45	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	520	335	185	30	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	400	305	95	30	15	10
25. Library science	45	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	30	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,790	1,580	210	310	300	10
04. Architecture and related services	75	50	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	605	490	115	40	40	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	410	370	45	55	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	210	205	10	110	110	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	340	330	15	65	60	0
48. Precision production	145	140	0	40	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	115	70	45	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	45	30	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	30	15	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,015	220	800	130	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	140	70	70	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	865	135	730	115	10	100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	505	235	275	95	75	15
12. Personal and culinary services	290	60	230	40	20	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	60	20	20	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	105	30	40	40	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,450	5,110	5,345	1,135	565	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,035	1,690	1,345	460	190	270
Education	435	70	360	55	15	40
13. Education	435	70	360	60	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	410	170	240	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	355	130	225	15	10	0
Humanities	370	130	245	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	10	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	45	35	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	100	45	50	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	40	20	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,055	370	680	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	50	95	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	10	160	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	120	55	65	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	135	45	90	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	460	210	255	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	1,850	675	1,170	105	20	85
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	20	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,810	665	1,145	100	20	80
Physical and life sciences and technologies	360	195	170	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	175	60	115	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	90	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	435	285	155	30	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	275	80	25	15	15
25. Library science	30	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	10	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,355	1,170	185	220	215	0
04. Architecture and related services	70	45	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	500	400	105	25	30	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	290	255	35	45	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	160	155	0	85	80	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	225	15	40	40	0
48. Precision production	90	85	0	30	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	45	45	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	25	25	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	10	10	0
Health and related fields	685	140	540	105	20	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	40	55	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	580	95	480	95	15	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	375	165	215	75	65	10
12. Personal and culinary services	205	40	165	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	75	55	20	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	70	25	35	35	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,010	7,780	8,230	1,655	850	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,960	3,085	2,875	765	335	425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	10,055	4,700	5,355	890	510	385
Location of study inside Canada	8,170	3,815	4,355	875	505	365
Same as province or territory of residence	7,675	3,575	4,100	730	420	310
Different than province or territory of residence	495	245	255	140	85	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,885	880	1,000	20	0	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	100	105	0	0	0
Philippines	180	50	130	0	0	0
India	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	120	70	50	15	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	155	70	85	0	0	0
France	125	80	45	0	0	0
Other	1,060	490	565	0	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,450	5,110	5,340	1,135	565	570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,035	1,690	1,340	455	190	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,420	3,420	4,000	680	380	300
Location of study inside Canada	6,080	2,845	3,235	660	380	285
Same as province or territory of residence	5,735	2,670	3,065	545	305	240
Different than province or territory of residence	345	180	165	115	70	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,340	575	765	20	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	135	60	75	10	0	10
Philippines	115	30	85	0	0	0
India	30	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	25	20	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	140	60	80	0	0	0
France	95	55	35	0	0	0
Other	780	335	450	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,015	7,780	8,235	1,655	850	815
In the labour force	10,795	5,485	5,310	1,065	595	475
Employed	10,140	5,115	5,025	985	530	455
Unemployed	650	370	280	85	65	20
Not in the labour force	5,220	2,295	2,920	590	255	335
Participation rate	67.4	70.5	64.5	64.4	70.0	58.3
Employment rate	63.3	65.7	61.0	59.5	62.4	55.8
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.7	5.3	8.0	10.9	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,015	7,780	8,235	1,660	845	810
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,010	2,170	2,845	520	220	305
Worked	11,000	5,615	5,390	1,135	630	505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,675	3,005	2,670	665	365	300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,330	2,605	2,720	470	260	210
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.4	43.4	43.5	43.5	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,795	5,485	5,305	1,065	595	475
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	140	105	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,545	5,340	5,200	1,065	585	475
Employee	9,445	4,660	4,785	1,005	560	445
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,105	685	415	55	25	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,795	5,490	5,305	1,070	595	475
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	140	105	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,545	5,340	5,205	1,060	585	475
0 Management occupations	1,275	740	535	85	45	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,210	785	1,430	150	35	115
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	955	720	235	95	60	35
3 Health occupations	535	125	405	80	0	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,045	310	725	115	60	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	370	145	225	20	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	2,775	1,305	1,470	220	105	110
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,045	965	80	255	235	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	70	55	15	15	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	275	195	80	30	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,795	5,485	5,305	1,070	590	475
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	140	110	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,545	5,345	5,200	1,060	585	475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	10	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	20	10	10	35	35	10
23 Construction	430	365	65	105	90	15
31-33 Manufacturing	1,150	725	430	75	65	0
41 Wholesale trade	670	345	325	45	35	10
44-45 Retail trade	1,150	515	635	135	60	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	930	635	295	60	50	10
51 Information and cultural industries	345	205	145	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	445	205	245	35	15	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	280	180	100	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	915	505	405	75	25	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	525	330	195	45	35	10
61 Educational services	810	220	585	35	10	25
62 Health care and social assistance	1,030	235	795	135	15	120
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	230	120	115	25	20	0
72 Accommodation and food services	740	350	385	65	20	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	415	200	215	50	25	25
91 Public administration	390	160	225	125	80	45
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,145	5,115	5,025	985	535	455
Worked at home	655	340	315	45	25	20
Worked outside Canada	50	30	20	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	730	500	230	110	85	30
Worked at usual place	8,705	4,245	4,460	820	415	400
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,705	4,245	4,460	820	415	400
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,110	1,010	1,105	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,975	2,850	3,125	130	50	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	575	350	225	660	340	320
Commute to a different province or territory	45	35	10	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,435	4,745	4,695	930	495	430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,365	3,475	2,885	830	435	395
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	375	105	270	85	55	30
Public transit	2,075	855	1,220	15	10	10
Walked	435	185	250	0	10	0
Bicycle	85	70	10	0	0	0
Other method	110	60	50	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,435	4,745	4,690	930	495	430
Less than 15 minutes	2,215	1,090	1,120	80	35	40
15 to 29 minutes	3,505	1,840	1,665	275	145	130
30 to 44 minutes	2,065	1,060	1,005	330	185	145
45 to 59 minutes	905	400	505	185	90	90
60 minutes and over	745	350	395	65	40	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,435	4,745	4,690	930	500	430
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	435	295	145	100	70	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,465	845	615	265	140	120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,930	1,335	1,595	305	155	150
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,180	1,015	1,165	95	35	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,135	505	635	45	20	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,285	750	535	115	85	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,385	5,800	5,585	1,160	635	525
Single responses	9,295	4,730	4,570	1,145	630	515
Official languages	9,230	4,705	4,520	1,145	630	515
English	5,530	2,785	2,755	1,135	630	500
French	3,690	1,925	1,770	10	0	10
Non-official languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,085	1,070	1,015	15	10	15
English and French	1,940	1,015	925	15	0	10
English and non-official language	65	20	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,385	5,800	5,585	1,160	635	525
None	5,085	2,630	2,450	1,125	630	495
English	2,650	1,365	1,280	10	0	10
French	3,300	1,635	1,665	20	10	20
Non-official language	255	115	135	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	240	110	130	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	40	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	18,400	9,040	9,360	1,900	970	935
Non-movers	16,280	7,990	8,290	1,785	915	870
Movers	2,120	1,045	1,070	115	55	60
Non-migrants	960	500	460	55	20	30
Migrants	1,160	550	610	60	35	35
Internal migrants	1,025	480	540	60	35	30
Intraprovincial migrants	895	425	470	60	30	30
Interprovincial migrants	125	50	70	0	0	0
External migrants	130	65	70	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	17,740	8,690	9,055	1,815	940	880
Non-movers	11,585	5,615	5,965	1,485	775	705
Movers	6,155	3,070	3,085	335	170	170
Non-migrants	2,770	1,395	1,375	130	65	65
Migrants	3,385	1,680	1,710	205	105	105
Internal migrants	2,725	1,345	1,380	205	100	100
Intraprovincial migrants	2,535	1,255	1,280	150	70	85
Interprovincial migrants	190	90	105	50	30	20
External migrants	660	335	325	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Dorval, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westfield, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dorval, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Dorval, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dorval, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Westfield, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick