Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Langham, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pointe-Claire, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Langham, T Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Langham, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	31,380	...	...	1,496	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	30,790	...	...	1,290	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	16.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	12,835	...	...	568	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	12,376	...	...	542	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,660.0	...	...	374.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.90	...	...	3.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	31,380	14,740	16,635	1,495	765	730
0 to 14 years	4,745	2,455	2,290	330	170	155
0 to 4 years	1,370	710	665	145	75	70
5 to 9 years	1,595	845	755	105	55	50
10 to 14 years	1,775	905	870	80	40	35
15 to 64 years	19,160	9,335	9,825	980	490	485
15 to 19 years	1,910	1,015	895	95	55	40
20 to 24 years	1,910	970	935	95	50	45
25 to 29 years	1,320	685	635	110	55	55
30 to 34 years	1,340	660	680	135	65	75
35 to 39 years	1,595	710	885	90	50	40
40 to 44 years	1,810	855	950	105	50	50
45 to 49 years	2,125	1,000	1,130	85	40	45
50 to 54 years	2,525	1,205	1,320	85	35	55
55 to 59 years	2,500	1,220	1,285	80	40	35
60 to 64 years	2,120	1,020	1,105	110	55	55
65 years and over	7,475	2,960	4,515	185	100	85
65 to 69 years	1,890	850	1,035	65	40	25
70 to 74 years	1,485	670	810	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	1,195	475	720	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	1,175	425	755	25	10	10
85 years and over	1,730	535	1,190	40	20	20
85 to 89 years	990	340	650	30	15	10
90 to 94 years	585	165	425	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	125	30	95	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	15	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	16.7	13.8	22.1	22.2	21.2
15 to 64 years	61.1	63.3	59.1	65.6	64.1	66.4
65 years and over	23.8	20.1	27.1	12.4	13.1	11.6
85 years and over	5.5	3.6	7.2	2.7	2.6	2.7
Average age of the population	45.3	42.9	47.4	36.7	36.1	37.3
Median age of the population	47.6	45.1	49.6	34.2	33.3	34.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	12,375	...	...	540	...	...
Single-detached house	6,565	...	...	485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,180	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,635	...	...	50	...	...
Semi-detached house	915	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	1,280	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,330	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	12,375	...	...	545	...	...
1 person	3,710	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	3,810	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	1,925	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	2,070	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	870	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,060	...	...	1,425	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	26,640	12,290	14,345	1,170	590	575
Married or living common law	15,210	7,565	7,645	755	380	380
Married	12,845	6,400	6,450	630	315	315
Living common law	2,360	1,165	1,195	130	65	65
Not married and not living common law	11,430	4,725	6,700	405	210	195
Never married	6,740	3,540	3,205	250	145	105
Separated	440	180	265	30	15	15
Divorced	1,820	580	1,245	60	30	30
Widowed	2,425	435	1,990	65	25	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,590	...	...	425	...	...
2 persons	3,940	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	1,915	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	2,065	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	675	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,590	...	...	430	...	...
Total couple families	7,290	...	...	370	...	...
Married couples	6,110	...	...	305	...	...
Common-law couples	1,175	...	...	65	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,305	...	...	60	...	...
Female parent	1,030	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	275	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,290	...	...	365	...	...
Couples without children	3,145	...	...	180	...	...
Couples with children	4,140	...	...	190	...	...
1 child	1,520	...	...	70	...	...
2 children	1,965	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	655	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,300	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	790	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	390	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	120	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,605	1,760	2,845	160	95	65
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	12,375	...	...	540	...	...
One-census-family households	8,305	...	...	415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,025	...	...	170	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,285	...	...	240	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	140	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,930	...	...	120	...	...
One-person households	3,705	...	...	105	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	220	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	30,855	14,590	16,270	1,460	750	710
English only	7,670	3,530	4,140	1,410	720	690
French only	1,345	540	800	0	0	0
English and French	21,510	10,395	11,115	50	30	20
Neither English nor French	335	120	210	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	30,855	14,590	16,265	1,460	750	710
English	20,780	9,940	10,845	1,450	740	710
French	7,590	3,485	4,105	10	5	5
English and French	2,160	1,050	1,110	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	325	115	210	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	21,865	10,460	11,395	10	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	70.9	71.7	70.1	0.7	1.3	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	30,860	14,590	16,270	1,460	750	710
Single responses	29,555	13,925	15,625	1,450	750	700
Official languages	22,285	10,530	11,755	1,345	695	650
English	15,650	7,490	8,155	1,335	690	645
French	6,635	3,040	3,600	10	5	5
Non-official languages	7,270	3,400	3,875	100	45	55
Aboriginal languages	20	5	10	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	10	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,250	3,390	3,860	90	45	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	540	280	255	0	0	0
Berber languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	505	260	245	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	475	245	225	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	300	110	185	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	260	95	165	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	35	45	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	60	20	35	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,415	2,080	2,335	85	40	40
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	930	425	505	20	5	15
Baltic languages	45	10	35	0	0	0
Latvian	25	5	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	885	415	470	20	5	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	310	145	165	5	0	0
Russian	275	130	145	10	0	5
Serbian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	30	45	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	450	185	265	60	35	25
Afrikaans	5	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	90	35	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	300	120	175	50	30	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	225	115	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	750	375	375	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	535	265	270	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	195	95	100	0	0	0
Hindi	80	35	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	90	50	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	215	110	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	195	95	95	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,955	935	1,015	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	665	340	325	0	5	0
Portuguese	225	105	125	0	0	0
Romanian	365	175	190	5	0	0
Spanish	695	315	380	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	40	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,325	625	695	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,325	625	695	0	0	0
Cantonese	255	105	150	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	985	480	505	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	60	65	5	5	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	50	50	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,300	660	640	10	5	5
English and French	660	350	310	5	0	5
English and non-official language	330	155	170	5	0	10
French and non-official language	135	70	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	175	85	90	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	30,860	14,590	16,270	1,460	750	710
Single responses	28,935	13,695	15,240	1,455	745	705
Official languages	25,305	11,960	13,340	1,430	735	695
English	19,695	9,395	10,300	1,430	735	695
French	5,605	2,570	3,040	5	0	0
Non-official languages	3,630	1,735	1,895	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,625	1,730	1,890	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	115	125	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	105	115	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	210	100	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	15	30	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,895	905	995	20	10	10
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	440	210	230	5	0	5
Baltic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	205	220	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	140	65	70	0	0	0
Russian	175	90	85	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	5	10	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	440	215	225	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	325	160	165	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	120	55	60	0	0	0
Hindi	40	20	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	55	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	110	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	860	405	450	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	40	60	0	0	0
Romanian	255	130	130	0	0	0
Spanish	430	205	225	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,050	515	540	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,050	510	540	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	60	80	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	860	430	425	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	15	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	20	5	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	15	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,925	895	1,030	5	5	0
English and French	670	320	350	5	0	0
English and non-official language	815	365	445	5	5	0
French and non-official language	145	75	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	295	135	160	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	30,860	14,590	16,265	1,460	750	710
None	21,765	10,260	11,505	1,410	730	680
English	2,765	1,300	1,470	10	5	5
French	3,635	1,795	1,840	5	0	5
Non-official language	1,965	890	1,070	35	10	20
Aboriginal	10	0	5	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,950	885	1,065	30	10	20
English and French	310	150	160	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	50	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	305	145	155	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25,320	11,925	13,395	1,095	555	540
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,100	11,305	12,800	1,045	520	525
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,380	44,393	34,166	43,221	56,704	32,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,110	11,310	12,800	1,045	515	525
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,497	37,918	30,230	37,998	48,000	29,325
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,240	10,525	11,715	990	505	480
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,683	42,368	28,685	41,600	56,448	29,611
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,660	7,455	10,205	630	235	390
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,884	4,564	8,074	5,056	4,816	5,104
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,265	8,695	8,565	885	455	430
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,761	41,427	31,027	43,499	57,600	31,072
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	25,320	11,900	13,425	1,075	550	530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,105	11,275	12,830	1,025	505	515
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,488	60,401	43,658	48,503	60,961	36,272
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,115	11,275	12,835	1,025	505	515
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,716	46,525	35,615	40,633	49,640	31,789
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,155	10,520	11,640	960	485	480
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,228	59,435	40,003	46,644	60,172	32,877
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,690	7,490	10,200	620	235	385
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,509	7,443	9,292	7,441	6,918	7,760
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,265	8,765	8,500	860	440	420
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,830	56,739	40,669	48,416	62,133	34,098
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	25,320	11,895	13,425	1,075	550	530
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,120	4,390	3,725	445	260	180
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	57,906	64,964	52,549	55,518	63,417	46,180
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	71,183	81,240	59,330	62,663	71,952	49,248
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.3	92.2	83.2	91.0	94.6	84.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.8	73.9	62.2	83.9	88.2	76.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.7	7.8	16.7	9.0	5.4	15.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	25,320	11,925	13,400	1,095	555	540
Without total income	1,220	620	600	50	35	15
With total income	24,100	11,300	12,795	1,040	520	520
Percentage with total income	95.2	94.8	95.5	95.0	93.7	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,300	1,450	1,845	110	40	70
$10,000 to $19,999	3,490	1,420	2,070	105	25	80
$20,000 to $29,999	3,020	1,170	1,850	135	45	95
$30,000 to $39,999	2,655	1,125	1,530	125	45	80
$40,000 to $49,999	2,490	1,075	1,415	115	50	70
$50,000 to $59,999	1,935	865	1,070	125	70	50
$60,000 to $69,999	1,585	790	790	90	60	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,340	650	690	55	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,030	545	485	50	40	10
$90,000 to $99,999	695	400	295	30	25	10
$100,000 and over	2,575	1,825	755	90	80	10
$100,000 to $149,999	1,630	1,125	505	75	60	10
$150,000 and over	945	700	250	20	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,320	11,920	13,400	1,090	555	540
Without after-tax income	1,210	615	600	50	35	15
With after-tax income	24,110	11,310	12,800	1,040	520	525
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	94.9	95.5	95.4	93.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,480	1,485	1,995	110	45	70
$10,000 to $19,999	3,670	1,500	2,175	110	30	80
$20,000 to $29,999	3,660	1,475	2,185	170	60	120
$30,000 to $39,999	3,535	1,525	2,010	160	70	90
$40,000 to $49,999	2,790	1,240	1,550	155	80	70
$50,000 to $59,999	2,185	1,105	1,085	125	75	45
$60,000 to $69,999	1,565	810	755	70	50	15
$70,000 to $79,999	990	605	390	60	40	10
$80,000 and over	2,230	1,570	660	85	75	10
$80,000 to $89,999	655	425	230	35	30	5
$90,000 to $99,999	410	295	125	30	20	5
$100,000 and over	1,165	850	310	25	25	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	25,320	11,925	13,395	1,095	555	540
Without employment income	8,055	3,230	4,830	205	100	110
With employment income	17,265	8,700	8,565	885	460	430
Percentage with employment income	68.2	73.0	63.9	80.8	82.9	79.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,540	1,265	1,280	85	35	50
$5,000 to $9,999	1,305	565	740	55	20	40
$10,000 to $19,999	2,120	940	1,175	90	35	60
$20,000 to $29,999	1,725	750	975	90	30	55
$30,000 to $39,999	1,635	715	915	90	20	65
$40,000 to $49,999	1,510	690	820	95	45	55
$50,000 to $59,999	1,220	565	660	90	60	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,040	535	505	75	45	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	500	510	40	30	15
$80,000 and over	3,150	2,170	980	170	140	20
$80,000 to $89,999	665	395	270	55	40	5
$90,000 to $99,999	505	300	205	30	25	10
$100,000 and over	1,980	1,475	510	80	75	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	12,380	...	...	540	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,242	...	...	90,965	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,115	...	...	79,019	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,705	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,968	...	...	42,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,566	...	...	37,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,665	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,966	...	...	99,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,690	...	...	83,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	12,375	...	...	525	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,294	...	...	93,865	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,335	...	...	78,634	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,715	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,191	...	...	43,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,863	...	...	36,869	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,660	...	...	435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,633	...	...	104,692	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,544	...	...	87,527	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	12,375	...	...	545	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	375	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	455	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	450	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	435	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	475	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	455	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	475	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	895	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	925	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	795	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	755	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	675	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,780	...	...	230	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,485	...	...	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,020	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,210	...	...	55	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,065	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,380	...	...	540	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	195	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	385	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	525	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	525	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	600	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	590	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	600	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	595	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,140	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,055	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	910	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	895	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	770	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,320	...	...	145	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,395	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	815	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,100	...	...	25	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,535	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,229	...	...	99,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,785	...	...	83,712	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,965	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,003	...	...	92,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,939	...	...	79,872	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,155	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,891	...	...	112,981	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,191	...	...	95,232	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,250	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,688	...	...	49,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,163	...	...	45,184	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,550	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	119,396	...	...	105,457	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,332	...	...	88,099	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,970	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,684	...	...	90,646	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,696	...	...	76,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,150	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	142,802	...	...	126,350	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,094	...	...	104,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,235	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	78,562	...	...	62,276	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,191	...	...	53,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,125	1,590	2,530	135	75	60
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,668	41,626	37,056	39,872	56,192	28,992
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,426	35,264	32,663	34,176	46,976	28,160
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,055	1,485	2,575	125	55	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,363	61,112	50,468	41,643	53,272	31,917
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,240	46,772	41,201	35,698	44,034	28,727
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	30,060	14,375	15,690	1,425	725	695
In the bottom half of the distribution	12,615	5,805	6,805	580	285	300
In the bottom decile	1,640	780	855	75	35	40
In the second decile	2,045	870	1,175	100	40	60
In the third decile	2,750	1,270	1,480	100	50	50
In the fourth decile	3,035	1,425	1,615	125	60	70
In the fifth decile	3,135	1,465	1,675	185	90	90
In the top half of the distribution	17,450	8,565	8,880	840	445	395
In the sixth decile	3,555	1,720	1,840	195	100	100
In the seventh decile	3,505	1,685	1,810	205	105	95
In the eighth decile	3,640	1,775	1,865	195	95	95
In the ninth decile	3,365	1,675	1,685	165	95	70
In the top decile	3,385	1,710	1,680	85	45	35
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	30,065	14,375	15,685	1,420	725	695
0 to 17 years	5,865	3,060	2,805	385	210	175
0 to 5 years	1,660	860	800	165	90	75
18 to 64 years	17,980	8,695	9,285	890	435	455
65 years and over	6,215	2,615	3,595	150	80	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,600	1,150	1,445	125	60	65
0 to 17 years	540	280	255	50	30	20
0 to 5 years	115	60	60	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	1,425	675	750	65	30	35
65 years and over	635	195	440	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.6	8.0	9.2	8.8	8.3	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.2	9.1	13.0	14.3	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	7.0	7.5	9.1	11.1	6.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	7.8	8.1	7.3	6.9	7.7
65 years and over (%)	10.2	7.5	12.2	10.0	6.3	15.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,000	915	1,085	50	30	20
0 to 17 years	410	220	190	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	1,175	575	600	25	10	15
65 years and over	415	125	295	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.7	6.4	6.9	3.5	4.1	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	7.2	6.8	5.2	4.8	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	4.7	5.0	3.0	5.6	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.6	6.5	2.8	2.3	3.3
65 years and over (%)	6.7	4.8	8.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	30,060	14,375	15,690	1,425	705	720
Official languages	29,730	14,245	15,480	1,420	705	720
English	28,445	13,705	14,745	1,420	700	720
French	22,635	10,830	11,805	15	10	10
Non-official languages	10,135	4,705	5,430	100	50	50
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,125	4,705	5,425	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	950	445	505	0	0	0
Berber languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	50	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	900	415	480	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	795	370	430	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	100	45	50	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	70	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	50	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	435	180	255	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	10	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malay	25	0	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	365	155	210	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	210	95	110	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	170	80	95	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tamil	130	60	70	0	0	0
Telugu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,445	2,940	3,505	95	50	45
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,100	505	590	10	0	10
Baltic languages	50	20	35	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,045	490	550	10	0	0
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	80	50	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	395	185	210	0	0	0
Russian	400	185	215	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	0	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	745	315	430	85	45	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	20
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	120	45	75	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	585	255	330	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	30	0	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	120	190	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,045	525	515	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	725	355	360	0	0	0
Bengali	80	40	35	0	0	0
Gujarati	270	135	135	0	0	0
Hindi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	65	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	90	60	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	330	175	160	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	330	175	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,395	1,555	1,845	20	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,200	545	650	0	0	0
Portuguese	265	120	150	0	0	0
Romanian	425	215	215	0	0	0
Spanish	1,745	760	985	20	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	120	50	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	40	75	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,545	765	780	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,540	765	780	0	0	0
Cantonese	355	140	215	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,270	635	635	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Lao	50	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	200	95	105	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkish	150	75	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	160	85	75	10	0	0
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	10	0	0
Hungarian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	30,065	14,375	15,690	1,420	705	720
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	28,195	13,440	14,760	1,390	685	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,485	2,870	2,620	400	190	200
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,710	10,565	12,140	990	490	505
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,865	935	930	30	20	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	30,065	14,375	15,685	1,425	700	720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,715	10,405	11,310	1,355	670	690
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,940	3,745	4,195	45	25	20
Before 1981	2,665	1,225	1,440	10	10	0
1981 to 1990	1,065	485	580	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,325	605	715	30	10	15
2001 to 2010	2,000	965	1,035	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,060	530	525	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	940	435	505	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	885	460	425	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	400	225	185	25	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,945	3,745	4,200	45	25	20
Under 5 years	845	415	430	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,220	605	610	10	10	10
15 to 24 years	1,610	670	940	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,760	1,835	1,930	20	10	10
45 years and over	505	225	280	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,945	3,745	4,195	45	25	20
Americas	1,205	500	700	10	0	0
Brazil	70	30	45	0	0	0
Colombia	80	30	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haiti	35	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	85	50	35	0	0	0
Mexico	160	75	90	0	0	0
Peru	65	0	60	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	80	40	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	305	130	175	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	275	120	155	0	0	0
Europe	2,790	1,360	1,430	30	15	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	315	165	145	0	0	0
Germany	115	60	55	0	0	0
Greece	65	35	35	0	0	0
Hungary	65	45	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Italy	235	140	90	0	0	0
Netherlands	60	25	40	0	0	0
Poland	265	105	155	0	0	0
Portugal	65	25	40	0	0	0
Romania	315	150	165	0	0	0
Russian Federation	120	50	75	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	610	290	320	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	415	205	215	0	0	0
Africa	820	415	405	10	10	0
Algeria	60	35	25	0	0	0
Egypt	325	160	160	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	85	40	45	0	0	0
Nigeria	55	30	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	260	130	125	0	0	0
Asia	3,105	1,460	1,645	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	60	25	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	890	440	450	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	80	30	50	0	0	0
India	390	210	185	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	275	125	150	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	50	10	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	85	25	55	0	0	0
Lebanon	180	90	90	0	0	0
Pakistan	115	65	50	0	0	0
Philippines	375	160	215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	55	25	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	35	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	400	170	225	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	885	465	425	0	0	0
Americas	175	70	105	0	0	0
Brazil	25	15	15	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	65	25	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	150	85	65	0	0	0
France	35	20	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	70	30	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	115	70	45	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	25	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	20	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	10	15	0	0	0
Asia	440	230	205	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	200	115	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	30	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	25	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	30,060	14,370	15,685	1,420	705	720
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,545	4,070	4,475	65	35	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,525	3,720	3,810	140	70	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	13,990	6,585	7,405	1,215	600	615
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,390	2,565	2,825	35	15	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,455	1,695	1,760	35	15	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,460	885	580	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,995	810	1,185	25	10	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,340	585	750	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	565	270	300	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	30,060	14,375	15,685	1,420	700	715
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	205	95	110	160	85	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	195	95	100	160	90	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	125	55	75	55	30	30
Métis	70	45	20	100	60	45
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	29,855	14,275	15,580	1,260	615	645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	30,060	14,370	15,690	1,420	705	715
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	30	35	45	25	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	29,990	14,345	15,650	1,380	680	695
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	30,060	14,375	15,685	1,420	705	720
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	60	30	25	20	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	55	30	30	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	15	10	10	15	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	660	300	360	155	80	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	660	305	350	160	80	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	490	230	260	80	40	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	70	90	75	40	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	29,340	14,040	15,300	1,240	610	630
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	30,060	14,370	15,690	1,425	700	715
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,640	3,250	3,395	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,115	585	530	0	0	0
Chinese	1,805	850	945	0	0	0
Black	995	545	450	0	0	0
Filipino	585	270	310	0	0	0
Latin American	400	155	240	0	0	0
Arab	535	255	280	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	235	140	100	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	285	140	150	0	0	0
Korean	130	50	85	0	0	0
Japanese	145	45	95	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	170	90	80	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	255	120	135	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	23,415	11,120	12,295	1,425	705	720
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	30,060	14,375	15,690	1,425	705	720
North American Aboriginal origins	720	335	385	180	95	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	530	250	280	90	40	45
Inuit	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	175	80	95	95	50	40
Other North American origins	8,905	4,260	4,645	315	150	165
Acadian	155	65	90	0	0	0
American	545	255	285	50	15	35
Canadian	8,380	3,995	4,380	285	145	140
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	145	70	70	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	20,020	9,560	10,460	1,300	625	675
British Isles origins	11,220	5,350	5,870	610	325	280
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,490	2,695	2,795	320	160	160
Irish	5,375	2,440	2,935	260	135	125
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	4,870	2,235	2,635	240	130	105
Welsh	400	175	220	30	25	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,065	490	575	30	15	20
French origins	6,150	2,965	3,180	235	115	125
Alsatian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,135	2,965	3,175	240	115	130
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,835	1,420	1,420	770	370	400
Austrian	225	110	110	10	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	155	95	60	15	10	10
Dutch	565	280	285	150	85	65
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,870	935	940	670	315	360
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	250	140	105	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	580	285	295	240	85	150
Danish	100	45	55	0	0	0
Finnish	155	65	85	25	15	0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	105	60	45	110	30	80
Swedish	220	95	120	145	45	95
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,705	1,830	1,875	415	170	245
Bulgarian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Czech	160	70	90	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	25	10	15	0	10
Estonian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	400	225	175	30	15	20
Latvian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	165	70	95	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,285	635	650	80	25	55
Romanian	640	300	340	0	0	10
Russian	665	325	340	110	50	55
Slovak	120	50	70	0	0	0
Ukrainian	660	350	310	275	115	160
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,090	1,970	2,120	50	30	25
Albanian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	40	15	0	10	0
Cypriot	25	10	15	0	0	0
Greek	635	300	340	0	0	0
Italian	2,520	1,185	1,335	30	15	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	25	10	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	350	175	175	10	10	0
Serbian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Spanish	635	295	340	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	200	90	105	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	150	65	85	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	775	385	400	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	25	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	120	60	65	0	0	0
Jamaican	235	125	115	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	110	35	70	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	40	20	20	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	150	75	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	920	435	485	15	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	25	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	105	40	60	10	10	0
Chilean	35	10	25	0	0	0
Colombian	165	55	105	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	75	45	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	310	165	140	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,250	635	610	0	10	0
Central and West African origins	250	150	90	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	50	25	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	705	335	365	0	0	0
Algerian	105	45	55	0	0	0
Berber	90	65	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	395	205	190	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	110	30	80	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	100	45	55	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	205	105	100	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	200	95	105	0	0	0
Asian origins	5,960	2,910	3,050	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,665	830	830	0	0	0
Afghan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	80	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	305	135	165	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	390	200	185	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	50	20	30	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	525	260	260	0	0	0
Palestinian	100	45	60	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	30	20	10	0	0	0
Turk	120	60	60	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,255	665	590	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	970	525	440	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	110	60	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	110	50	60	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,115	1,450	1,665	0	0	0
Burmese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese	2,015	955	1,060	0	0	0
Filipino	665	305	360	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	160	60	100	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	45	85	0	0	0
Laotian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	60	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	80	40	40	10	0	0
Australian	70	35	30	10	0	10
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	12,375	...	...	530	...	...
Owner	8,700	...	...	445	...	...
Renter	3,680	...	...	85	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	12,375	...	...	530	...	...
Condominium	950	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	11,425	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	12,375	...	...	530	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,620	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,305	...	...	95	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,060	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,310	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	12,375	...	...	530	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,085	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	1,490	...	...	95	...	...
6 rooms	1,675	...	...	80	...	...
7 rooms	1,910	...	...	55	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,215	...	...	250	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	12,380	...	...	525	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,275	...	...	520	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	12,375	...	...	525	...	...
Suitable	12,085	...	...	520	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	12,375	...	...	530	...	...
1960 or before	4,900	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,540	...	...	245	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,705	...	...	45	...	...
1991 to 2000	835	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	570	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	490	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	335	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	12,375	...	...	525	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,480	...	...	500	...	...
Major repairs needed	895	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	12,375	...	...	530	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,310	...	...	280	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,915	...	...	250	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	145	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	12,375	...	...	525	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	935	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,795	...	...	120	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,545	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,760	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,095	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,305	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	845	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	12,365	...	...	525	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,585	...	...	425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,780	...	...	100	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,455	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,700	...	...	440	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.4	...	...	71.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.0	...	...	15.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,103	...	...	1,327	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,240	...	...	1,340	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	375,760	...	...	299,335	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	416,061	...	...	282,164	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,675	...	...	85	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.8	...	...	35.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,103	...	...	1,157	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,196	...	...	1,214	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,320	11,895	13,425	1,075	550	525
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,490	1,270	1,220	200	120	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,725	2,645	3,080	290	140	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,110	7,980	9,125	585	295	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,825	1,135	690	155	110	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,175	680	500	50	20	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	650	460	190	100	90	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,005	2,035	2,970	265	100	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,020	420	600	25	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,260	4,395	4,860	145	70	70
Bachelor's degree	5,825	2,630	3,200	125	55	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	850	345	500	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	100	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,005	1,070	935	15	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	250	135	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,270	7,275	7,995	750	355	395
No certificate, diploma or degree	650	415	230	65	35	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,750	1,325	1,425	205	100	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,870	5,530	6,340	475	225	250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,135	715	425	120	80	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	745	455	285	45	20	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	390	255	135	75	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,980	1,280	1,700	225	90	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	655	265	395	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,095	3,275	3,820	125	55	70
Bachelor's degree	4,490	1,980	2,510	110	50	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	635	250	390	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	60	75	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,575	830	750	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	255	160	100	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,320	11,895	13,425	1,075	550	525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,215	3,910	4,300	485	255	235
Education	1,210	285	925	50	30	20
13. Education	1,205	285	920	55	30	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	825	315	510	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	80	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	735	245	495	10	0	10
Humanities	1,380	465	910	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	325	55	270	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	270	75	200	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	395	140	255	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	40	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	25	30	10	0	10
54. History	165	100	65	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	100	30	70	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,235	815	1,415	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	85	145	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	260	35	225	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	205	55	150	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	360	85	270	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,140	545	595	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,145	1,720	2,420	100	25	80
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	20	105	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,005	1,700	2,310	75	20	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,225	705	520	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	365	145	215	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	340	195	145	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	100	55	45	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	395	300	95	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	775	485	290	35	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	580	400	185	25	15	10
25. Library science	90	10	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	70	20	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,795	2,440	350	145	145	0
04. Architecture and related services	110	65	50	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,285	1,060	225	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	555	485	75	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	275	270	0	50	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	365	365	0	45	40	0
48. Precision production	195	195	0	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	95	105	40	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	70	55	20	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	30	50	15	20	0
Health and related fields	1,785	355	1,435	105	15	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	130	55	70	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,570	245	1,325	100	15	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	45	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	540	295	250	45	15	30
12. Personal and culinary services	280	70	210	35	0	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	110	80	30	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	140	10	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,270	7,275	7,990	750	360	395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,400	1,745	1,655	275	135	145
Education	690	175	520	25	10	15
13. Education	695	170	520	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	600	220	375	10	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	45	15	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	535	170	355	10	0	0
Humanities	890	325	565	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	235	35	195	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	165	50	115	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230	95	135	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	25	20	10	0	10
54. History	115	85	35	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	10	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,695	635	1,055	25	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	80	110	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	30	160	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	180	45	135	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	280	55	220	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	830	415	415	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,995	1,245	1,750	80	15	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	10	90	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,885	1,235	1,650	65	20	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	680	380	305	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	270	95	175	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	60	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	15	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	260	205	55	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	685	430	255	35	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	540	365	175	25	15	10
25. Library science	70	10	60	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	55	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,895	1,610	290	115	110	0
04. Architecture and related services	100	60	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	950	760	195	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	305	255	50	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	175	0	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	245	0	35	35	0
48. Precision production	115	110	0	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	55	75	35	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	35	45	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	25	25	15	15	0
Health and related fields	1,180	230	950	90	15	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	45	60	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,030	160	870	80	15	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	15	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	425	225	205	40	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	210	40	165	35	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	55	30	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	10	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,320	11,895	13,420	1,080	550	525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,210	3,910	4,295	490	255	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,105	7,985	9,125	590	295	295
Location of study inside Canada	13,655	6,240	7,415	565	275	290
Same as province or territory of residence	12,320	5,600	6,720	480	235	245
Different than province or territory of residence	1,335	645	690	85	35	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,455	1,740	1,710	25	20	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	430	255	175	0	10	0
Philippines	155	55	100	0	0	0
India	110	70	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	360	215	145	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	380	190	190	0	0	0
France	225	140	90	0	0	0
Other	1,785	820	970	10	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,270	7,275	7,995	750	355	395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,400	1,745	1,650	280	130	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,870	5,535	6,335	475	225	250
Location of study inside Canada	9,445	4,320	5,125	465	220	245
Same as province or territory of residence	8,510	3,870	4,635	400	195	205
Different than province or territory of residence	935	440	490	65	30	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,425	1,215	1,210	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	255	155	100	0	0	0
Philippines	135	45	85	0	0	0
India	85	55	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	165	115	50	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	350	170	180	0	0	0
France	165	105	60	0	0	0
Other	1,265	575	695	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	25,320	11,895	13,425	1,075	550	530
In the labour force	15,750	8,125	7,625	820	420	400
Employed	14,775	7,560	7,220	760	390	375
Unemployed	980	570	405	60	35	25
Not in the labour force	9,570	3,770	5,795	260	130	130
Participation rate	62.2	68.3	56.8	76.3	76.4	75.5
Employment rate	58.4	63.6	53.8	70.7	70.9	70.8
Unemployment rate	6.2	7.0	5.3	7.3	8.3	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	25,320	11,895	13,425	1,075	550	530
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	8,855	3,460	5,395	230	115	115
Worked	16,465	8,440	8,025	845	430	415
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	8,360	4,555	3,805	450	270	180
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,105	3,885	4,220	400	165	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.3	42.4	42.8	44.8	40.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	15,750	8,130	7,625	820	425	400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	385	175	210	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	15,370	7,955	7,415	815	420	395
Employee	13,395	6,655	6,740	730	380	350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,975	1,300	675	85	35	50
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	15,750	8,130	7,625	820	425	395
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	385	180	205	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	15,370	7,955	7,420	815	425	395
0 Management occupations	2,245	1,425	820	60	30	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,870	975	1,895	135	45	95
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,620	1,315	305	55	50	0
3 Health occupations	960	190	770	80	10	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,875	575	1,305	75	25	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	810	385	425	25	10	15
6 Sales and service occupations	3,270	1,580	1,690	130	35	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,130	1,085	45	190	180	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	105	10	35	25	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	470	320	150	30	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	15,755	8,125	7,625	820	420	400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	380	175	210	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	15,370	7,955	7,420	820	425	395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	15	60	35	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	10	10	30	30	0
22 Utilities	75	50	25	10	10	0
23 Construction	445	405	40	120	105	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,670	1,155	515	40	30	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,145	640	505	65	50	15
44-45 Retail trade	1,600	740	860	50	20	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	930	620	315	55	45	10
51 Information and cultural industries	540	310	225	20	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	720	395	325	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	205	150	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,815	1,080	735	40	10	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	580	355	230	20	10	0
61 Educational services	1,545	525	1,025	50	15	30
62 Health care and social assistance	1,575	280	1,290	135	25	110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	430	235	195	10	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	830	425	400	45	10	40
81 Other services (except public administration)	525	225	295	20	10	15
91 Public administration	515	275	245	40	15	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	14,775	7,555	7,220	760	390	375
Worked at home	1,355	745	610	60	20	35
Worked outside Canada	95	85	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,030	765	265	85	80	10
Worked at usual place	12,290	5,965	6,325	610	285	330
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	12,290	5,960	6,325	615	285	330
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,615	1,035	1,580	120	45	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,755	4,380	4,380	455	215	245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	800	480	320	35	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	115	70	50	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	13,320	6,730	6,590	705	365	335
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,465	4,965	4,495	610	325	280
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	575	170	410	25	10	15
Public transit	2,565	1,250	1,310	10	0	10
Walked	455	200	255	55	25	30
Bicycle	180	110	70	0	0	0
Other method	80	35	40	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	13,320	6,735	6,585	700	365	335
Less than 15 minutes	3,360	1,540	1,820	140	60	80
15 to 29 minutes	4,585	2,355	2,230	220	115	110
30 to 44 minutes	2,485	1,305	1,185	260	135	120
45 to 59 minutes	1,330	685	645	50	30	25
60 minutes and over	1,555	850	705	30	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	13,320	6,735	6,585	700	365	340
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	430	330	100	50	40	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,975	1,285	690	225	125	100
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,490	2,070	2,420	245	125	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,310	1,515	1,790	95	20	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,575	690	890	35	25	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,540	840	705	55	30	25
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	16,835	8,645	8,190	855	440	420
Single responses	14,290	7,415	6,880	855	440	420
Official languages	14,170	7,350	6,815	855	435	420
English	10,040	5,300	4,740	850	430	415
French	4,135	2,055	2,080	10	0	0
Non-official languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	120	60	65	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	15	0	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	15	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	30	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,540	1,230	1,315	0	0	0
English and French	2,365	1,145	1,220	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	45	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	35	50	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	16,835	8,640	8,190	855	435	420
None	7,760	4,055	3,705	850	430	420
English	2,900	1,460	1,440	10	0	0
French	5,805	2,935	2,875	0	0	0
Non-official language	245	135	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	240	135	110	0	0	0
English and French	15	15	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	80	30	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	29,835	14,260	15,575	1,390	695	695
Non-movers	26,890	12,765	14,125	1,255	630	630
Movers	2,945	1,495	1,450	135	70	65
Non-migrants	1,335	690	645	50	30	20
Migrants	1,605	805	805	85	40	45
Internal migrants	1,300	655	650	80	40	45
Intraprovincial migrants	1,160	575	585	70	30	35
Interprovincial migrants	140	75	60	10	0	0
External migrants	310	150	155	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	28,730	13,705	15,030	1,295	660	635
Non-movers	19,925	9,415	10,515	755	385	370
Movers	8,800	4,290	4,510	535	275	265
Non-migrants	3,785	1,860	1,925	120	70	55
Migrants	5,020	2,430	2,585	420	205	210
Internal migrants	3,900	1,880	2,025	395	195	200
Intraprovincial migrants	3,550	1,725	1,825	355	175	185
Interprovincial migrants	355	155	200	40	25	20
External migrants	1,115	555	560	20	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pointe-Claire, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Langham, T [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Langham, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Langham, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Langham, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan