Census Profile, 2016 Census
Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Roussillon, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Cherryville, UNP British Columbia [Designated place]
	Data quality , Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	171,443	...	...	695	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	162,187	...	...	614	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.7	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	67,868	...	...	313	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	66,264	...	...	301	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	404.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	423.82	...	...	42.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	171,440	84,670	86,770	695	370	325
0 to 14 years	32,540	16,775	15,770	120	60	60
0 to 4 years	9,965	5,125	4,835	30	15	20
5 to 9 years	11,635	6,010	5,620	40	20	20
10 to 14 years	10,940	5,635	5,310	45	20	25
15 to 64 years	114,200	56,565	57,635	440	230	215
15 to 19 years	10,620	5,540	5,080	25	15	10
20 to 24 years	10,540	5,510	5,035	15	5	10
25 to 29 years	8,600	4,270	4,330	25	15	10
30 to 34 years	9,720	4,710	5,015	30	15	15
35 to 39 years	12,220	5,810	6,410	50	25	25
40 to 44 years	12,425	6,075	6,345	35	15	20
45 to 49 years	12,685	6,255	6,425	45	30	20
50 to 54 years	14,120	6,955	7,165	50	20	25
55 to 59 years	13,175	6,530	6,645	85	45	45
60 to 64 years	10,095	4,915	5,185	75	45	35
65 years and over	24,700	11,335	13,365	135	85	50
65 to 69 years	8,555	4,090	4,465	55	35	20
70 to 74 years	6,600	3,165	3,440	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	4,385	1,960	2,425	25	20	5
80 to 84 years	2,820	1,270	1,550	10	10	0
85 years and over	2,335	845	1,490	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	1,590	615	970	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	595	195	400	0	0	5
95 to 99 years	140	30	110	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.8	18.2	17.3	16.2	18.5
15 to 64 years	66.6	66.8	66.4	63.3	62.2	66.2
65 years and over	14.4	13.4	15.4	19.4	23.0	15.4
85 years and over	1.4	1.0	1.7	0.7	0.0	1.5
Average age of the population	39.5	38.7	40.3	44.7	45.9	43.4
Median age of the population	40.6	39.8	41.4	49.9	51.2	48.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	66,265	...	...	305	...	...
Single-detached house	42,640	...	...	220	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	565	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	22,310	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,925	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,995	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,870	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,335	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	185	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	750	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
1 person	15,215	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	22,705	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	11,575	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	11,485	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	5,280	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	169,735	...	...	690	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	138,900	67,900	71,005	570	310	265
Married or living common law	84,880	42,390	42,485	360	180	180
Married	51,940	25,955	25,985	275	135	135
Living common law	32,940	16,435	16,500	85	40	40
Not married and not living common law	54,025	25,505	28,520	215	130	80
Never married	37,385	20,110	17,280	110	75	40
Separated	1,845	790	1,050	20	15	5
Divorced	8,490	3,190	5,295	45	30	15
Widowed	6,305	1,410	4,890	40	15	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	50,230	...	...	205	...	...
2 persons	23,365	...	...	125	...	...
3 persons	11,345	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	11,290	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	4,235	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	50,230	...	...	205	...	...
Total couple families	41,975	...	...	175	...	...
Married couples	25,525	...	...	135	...	...
Common-law couples	16,455	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	8,250	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	6,040	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	2,210	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	41,980	...	...	180	...	...
Couples without children	18,510	...	...	100	...	...
Couples with children	23,465	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	8,720	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	10,675	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	4,070	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	8,250	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,845	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	2,620	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	780	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,485	10,040	11,445	130	85	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
One-census-family households	48,710	...	...	195	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	17,910	...	...	100	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	30,795	...	...	95	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	750	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,805	...	...	100	...	...
One-person households	15,215	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,590	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	170,835	84,455	86,380	695	370	325
English only	7,775	3,840	3,935	660	350	310
French only	68,060	31,330	36,730	0	0	0
English and French	94,215	48,950	45,265	30	20	15
Neither English nor French	790	335	450	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	170,835	84,460	86,380	690	370	325
English	23,960	11,970	11,990	685	365	320
French	140,390	69,140	71,255	5	0	0
English and French	5,735	3,030	2,700	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	745	320	430	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	26,825	13,480	13,345	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	15.7	16.0	15.4	1.4	1.4	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	170,835	84,455	86,380	690	370	325
Single responses	166,675	82,325	84,355	685	365	320
Official languages	150,330	74,180	76,155	645	345	300
English	19,115	9,495	9,620	640	340	300
French	131,215	64,685	66,530	5	5	0
Non-official languages	16,345	8,140	8,200	45	20	20
Aboriginal languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,315	8,130	8,180	40	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,165	1,155	1,015	0	0	0
Berber languages	385	205	180	0	0	0
Kabyle	190	105	90	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	195	105	90	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,775	945	830	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,740	930	810	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	345	165	180	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	65	65	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	100	105	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	80	135	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	50	30	25	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	35	85	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	510	240	265	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	465	220	245	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,905	5,460	5,450	35	20	20
Albanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Armenian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,345	1,120	1,220	5	5	0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,335	1,120	1,215	5	5	0
Belarusan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	290	140	150	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	450	210	240	5	0	0
Russian	1,275	610	665	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	65	65	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	190	190	25	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	60	30	30	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	280	140	135	20	10	10
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	380	205	180	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	860	455	405	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	420	215	205	0	0	0
Bengali	145	70	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	155	90	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	60	30	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	425	230	200	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	410	220	195	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,890	3,460	3,425	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	1,230	680	550	0	0	0
Portuguese	860	415	450	0	0	0
Romanian	1,335	655	685	0	0	0
Spanish	3,455	1,705	1,745	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	5	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	575	290	290	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	50	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	155	75	75	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,125	535	585	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,120	530	585	0	0	0
Cantonese	305	140	165	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	710	335	380	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Lao	60	30	30	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	160	75	85	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	105	50	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	110	50	70	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	45	60	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,160	2,130	2,025	10	5	5
English and French	2,375	1,220	1,155	5	0	5
English and non-official language	405	205	195	0	5	0
French and non-official language	1,070	540	530	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	305	165	140	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	170,835	84,455	86,380	695	370	325
Single responses	164,525	81,330	83,190	690	370	325
Official languages	155,815	76,990	78,825	670	355	320
English	21,965	10,895	11,065	670	355	315
French	133,855	66,090	67,760	0	0	0
Non-official languages	8,710	4,340	4,365	20	10	5
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,705	4,340	4,365	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	845	425	420	0	0	0
Berber languages	130	70	65	0	0	0
Kabyle	95	45	45	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	710	355	350	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	700	350	345	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	25	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	55	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	15	10	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	165	75	90	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	155	75	85	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,270	3,140	3,135	15	10	5
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,710	840	870	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,710	835	870	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	220	110	110	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	235	115	120	5	5	0
Russian	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	20	10	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	125	65	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	540	285	260	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	245	120	125	0	0	0
Bengali	90	45	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	50	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	285	155	130	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	285	150	130	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,830	1,925	1,905	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	215	105	105	0	0	0
Portuguese	380	180	200	0	0	0
Romanian	980	490	485	0	0	0
Spanish	2,260	1,140	1,115	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	885	445	445	0	0	0
Chinese languages	890	445	445	0	0	0
Cantonese	210	105	105	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	630	310	320	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	95	45	55	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,310	3,125	3,190	5	5	5
English and French	2,515	1,250	1,260	5	0	0
English and non-official language	775	385	390	0	0	0
French and non-official language	2,300	1,120	1,185	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	725	370	355	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	170,835	84,455	86,380	695	370	325
None	142,825	70,455	72,375	665	355	315
English	13,450	6,755	6,695	15	10	5
French	8,265	4,150	4,115	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,495	2,180	2,320	10	5	5
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,485	2,180	2,305	10	5	5
English and French	755	420	340	0	0	0
English and non-official language	555	280	280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	450	215	240	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	137,210	67,300	69,910	570	310	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,665	64,640	67,020	550	305	245
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,555	44,338	33,143	22,496	30,400	18,528
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,700	64,645	67,055	550	300	250
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,631	37,783	29,549	21,664	26,944	18,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	120,670	60,660	60,015	455	260	195
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,339	42,120	29,156	20,384	27,648	16,075
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,255	41,845	53,410	440	240	200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,552	4,837	7,485	8,656	9,568	8,224
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	101,955	52,255	49,700	360	205	155
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,515	43,471	32,181	20,672	32,832	14,176
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	137,210	67,300	69,910	600	330	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,580	64,645	66,935	575	330	240
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,820	54,361	39,537	28,347	33,102	21,766
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,625	64,645	66,980	570	335	240
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,916	43,000	33,009	25,137	28,669	20,248
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	120,875	60,725	60,145	440	265	175
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,415	52,651	36,100	27,039	31,774	19,779
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,810	41,525	53,285	475	270	200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,354	7,631	8,917	8,981	9,191	8,701
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	101,955	52,400	49,555	355	210	145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,138	51,757	38,139	28,774	36,260	18,106
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	137,210	67,300	69,910	595	335	265
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	49,480	26,625	22,850	100	75	30
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,553	58,384	46,397	48,248	48,381	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,773	67,740	52,655	48,766	49,804	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.2	91.0	82.1	78.8	81.3	71.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.9	77.5	71.3	62.4	69.2	51.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.8	9.0	17.9	21.7	18.7	28.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	137,210	67,300	69,910	570	310	265
Without total income	5,545	2,660	2,885	25	10	15
With total income	131,665	64,640	67,020	555	300	250
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.0	95.9	97.4	96.8	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,535	6,155	8,380	95	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	19,700	7,460	12,240	145	75	75
$20,000 to $29,999	17,595	7,370	10,220	95	45	50
$30,000 to $39,999	16,550	7,760	8,795	65	30	30
$40,000 to $49,999	15,885	7,665	8,220	35	25	10
$50,000 to $59,999	12,625	6,680	5,950	40	35	10
$60,000 to $69,999	9,580	5,375	4,205	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	7,445	4,245	3,200	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	5,210	3,110	2,105	20	15	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,460	2,290	1,175	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	9,070	6,540	2,530	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	6,415	4,565	1,855	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	2,655	1,970	680	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	137,210	67,300	69,910	570	315	265
Without after-tax income	5,505	2,655	2,855	20	10	10
With after-tax income	131,700	64,645	67,055	550	300	245
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.5	95.2	92.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,195	6,285	8,910	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	20,880	8,000	12,880	150	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	21,700	9,430	12,270	105	55	50
$30,000 to $39,999	22,520	11,015	11,500	60	35	25
$40,000 to $49,999	18,210	9,460	8,750	50	40	10
$50,000 to $59,999	12,895	7,340	5,555	25	25	5
$60,000 to $69,999	8,325	4,865	3,460	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,730	3,085	1,645	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	7,260	5,170	2,085	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,505	1,735	775	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,415	1,015	400	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	3,335	2,430	915	5	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	137,210	67,300	69,910	570	310	260
Without employment income	35,250	15,040	20,210	210	105	105
With employment income	101,955	52,260	49,700	365	200	160
Percentage with employment income	74.3	77.7	71.1	64.0	64.5	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,205	5,670	5,535	90	35	55
$5,000 to $9,999	6,985	2,940	4,050	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	13,095	5,575	7,520	60	20	40
$20,000 to $29,999	11,135	4,780	6,350	40	30	10
$30,000 to $39,999	11,725	5,195	6,525	40	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	11,010	5,290	5,715	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	9,110	4,965	4,140	25	20	5
$60,000 to $69,999	7,310	4,230	3,080	15	15	0
$70,000 to $79,999	6,115	3,545	2,570	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	14,275	10,065	4,215	25	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,070	2,680	1,390	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,860	1,970	895	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	7,345	5,415	1,920	10	10	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	66,260	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,596	...	...	46,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,339	...	...	41,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,220	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,617	...	...	20,373	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,748	...	...	20,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	51,045	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,854	...	...	60,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,807	...	...	55,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,972	...	...	54,335	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,315	...	...	48,182	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,220	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,323	...	...	24,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,912	...	...	22,905	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	51,045	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,180	...	...	63,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,766	...	...	56,234	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	390	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	465	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,075	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,740	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,265	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,905	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,500	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,685	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,685	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,815	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,275	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,175	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,815	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,715	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,250	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	23,500	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	8,500	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5,680	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,645	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,675	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	455	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	480	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,100	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,860	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,560	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,390	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,175	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,415	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,465	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,435	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,810	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,345	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,855	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,160	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,410	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,355	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,465	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,920	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,975	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	49,980	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,940	...	...	59,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,860	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	17,460	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,649	...	...	53,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,552	...	...	48,128	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	23,595	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,643	...	...	85,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,913	...	...	73,856	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,865	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,880	...	...	42,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,213	...	...	41,088	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	50,025	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,312	...	...	64,921	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,787	...	...	57,028	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	17,475	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,378	...	...	53,579	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,595	...	...	47,926	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	23,575	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,731	...	...	82,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,400	...	...	71,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,870	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,467	...	...	56,401	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,957	...	...	49,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,535	8,805	9,725	115	75	35
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,716	39,907	32,028	20,208	24,000	19,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,342	34,202	28,895	20,112	23,488	19,008
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,365	8,580	9,785	90	75	0
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,128	47,703	39,114	22,356	23,461	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,332	38,156	32,854	21,132	22,124	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	169,735	84,060	85,675	690	370	325
In the bottom half of the distribution	78,420	37,515	40,910	500	260	240
In the bottom decile	8,100	3,840	4,260	120	60	60
In the second decile	12,220	5,415	6,800	120	65	60
In the third decile	16,940	8,020	8,915	75	40	40
In the fourth decile	20,255	9,840	10,415	110	60	50
In the fifth decile	20,915	10,395	10,515	65	35	35
In the top half of the distribution	91,315	46,545	44,765	195	110	80
In the sixth decile	22,315	11,175	11,140	65	40	25
In the seventh decile	21,290	10,915	10,380	35	20	20
In the eighth decile	20,025	10,225	9,790	40	25	15
In the ninth decile	16,265	8,345	7,920	40	25	15
In the top decile	11,420	5,885	5,535	15	10	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	169,735	84,065	85,675	690	370	325
0 to 17 years	38,770	20,010	18,760	140	70	70
0 to 5 years	12,205	6,270	5,935	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	107,775	53,205	54,570	420	220	200
65 years and over	23,200	10,850	12,350	135	80	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,305	5,930	7,375	185	95	90
0 to 17 years	3,150	1,640	1,510	40	20	20
0 to 5 years	985	485	505	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	7,390	3,395	3,995	110	50	55
65 years and over	2,765	890	1,875	40	25	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.8	7.1	8.6	26.8	25.7	27.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.2	8.0	28.6	28.6	28.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.1	7.7	8.5	33.3	25.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	6.4	7.3	26.2	22.7	27.5
65 years and over (%)	11.9	8.2	15.2	29.6	31.3	30.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,990	3,705	4,280	60	30	30
0 to 17 years	1,780	935	845	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	550	270	275	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,155	2,440	2,715	40	20	20
65 years and over	1,050	330	720	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.4	5.0	8.7	8.1	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.7	4.5	10.7	7.1	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	4.3	4.6	11.1	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	4.6	5.0	9.5	9.1	10.0
65 years and over (%)	4.5	3.0	5.8	3.7	6.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	169,740	84,065	85,675	720	395	325
Official languages	168,950	83,735	85,220	705	390	315
English	101,575	52,620	48,955	705	385	320
French	161,215	79,970	81,245	35	15	20
Non-official languages	25,285	12,335	12,950	60	40	20
Aboriginal languages	65	45	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	45	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	60	40	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,225	12,295	12,930	60	35	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,455	1,755	1,700	0	0	0
Berber languages	355	210	145	0	0	0
Kabyle	190	110	85	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	160	95	60	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,270	1,655	1,620	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	3,150	1,590	1,555	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	115	60	55	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	365	180	185	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Vietnamese	245	125	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	365	125	240	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	120	55	65	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	55	160	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	1,260	610	655	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	45	20	30	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	1,125	540	580	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,260	8,400	8,860	45	30	15
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	115	65	55	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,030	1,495	1,535	10	10	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,030	1,495	1,530	10	10	10
Belarusan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	375	210	170	0	0	0
Croatian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	580	270	310	0	0	0
Russian	1,975	955	1,020	10	10	10
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	280	145	135	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	775	390	390	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	25	10	10	0
Dutch	95	50	45	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	605	305	300	20	10	10
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	595	330	270	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	690	360	330	0	0	0
Bengali	180	85	90	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	195	95	105	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	285	155	130	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	125	85	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	435	230	205	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	420	220	205	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	12,285	5,870	6,415	10	10	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,400	1,290	1,110	10	10	0
Portuguese	1,120	570	540	0	0	0
Romanian	1,425	695	725	0	0	0
Spanish	7,880	3,590	4,295	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	40	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	990	475	520	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	60	30	25	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	230	100	130	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	35	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	75	35	35	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	155	80	80	0	0	0
Wolof	90	45	40	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	370	175	190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	105	100	15	10	10
American Sign Language	40	15	25	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	95	40	55	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	65	45	20	10	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,470	730	740	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,470	725	740	0	0	0
Cantonese	385	205	185	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,130	540	595	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	40	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	40	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Lao	50	20	30	0	0	0
Thai	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	230	120	110	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkish	175	95	80	0	0	0
Uyghur	45	25	20	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	55	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	169,740	84,060	85,675	720	395	320
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	165,925	82,270	83,655	710	385	325
Canadian citizens aged under 18	38,125	19,600	18,525	140	60	80
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	127,800	62,675	65,130	565	325	245
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,815	1,790	2,020	10	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	169,735	84,065	85,675	720	395	325
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	150,535	74,655	75,875	650	345	310
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	18,680	9,140	9,535	65	50	15
Before 1981	4,060	2,075	1,990	45	35	10
1981 to 1990	2,010	1,010	1,000	0	10	0
1991 to 2000	3,360	1,560	1,805	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	7,040	3,500	3,540	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,035	1,545	1,500	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	4,000	1,960	2,045	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,205	1,000	1,205	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	525	265	260	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	18,680	9,140	9,535	65	50	15
Under 5 years	2,155	1,010	1,140	15	15	0
5 to 14 years	3,295	1,675	1,620	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	3,205	1,500	1,705	25	10	10
25 to 44 years	9,030	4,505	4,525	25	15	10
45 years and over	990	450	545	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	18,675	9,140	9,535	70	50	15
Americas	4,970	2,250	2,720	15	10	0
Brazil	220	115	105	0	0	0
Colombia	465	225	240	0	0	0
El Salvador	265	125	140	0	0	0
Guyana	115	55	55	0	0	0
Haiti	550	210	340	0	0	0
Jamaica	295	110	185	0	0	0
Mexico	340	160	180	0	0	0
Peru	360	155	205	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	205	90	110	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	490	190	300	15	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	1,670	805	865	0	0	0
Europe	6,200	3,175	3,025	50	35	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	15	20	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	10	0	0	0
France	1,130	615	510	0	10	0
Germany	215	100	110	10	0	0
Greece	150	85	65	0	0	0
Hungary	45	25	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italy	540	350	190	0	0	0
Netherlands	50	20	30	0	10	10
Poland	345	165	185	10	0	0
Portugal	400	220	185	0	0	0
Romania	865	415	445	0	0	0
Russian Federation	410	195	215	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	370	185	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	360	160	200	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,230	590	640	10	10	0
Africa	4,155	2,205	1,950	0	0	0
Algeria	800	425	375	0	0	0
Egypt	325	190	140	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	30	0	25	0	0	0
Morocco	860	455	405	0	0	0
Nigeria	55	20	35	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,050	1,100	955	0	0	0
Asia	3,330	1,505	1,825	10	0	0
Afghanistan	90	50	40	0	0	0
Bangladesh	90	50	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	865	310	555	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	90	55	30	0	0	0
India	235	120	110	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	170	75	95	0	0	0
Iraq	30	15	15	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	260	135	125	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	60	10	0	0	0
Philippines	205	55	145	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	50	20	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	70	45	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	175	85	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	825	380	445	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,205	1,000	1,205	0	0	0
Americas	570	250	325	0	0	0
Brazil	65	30	35	0	0	0
Colombia	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cuba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	75	30	50	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	60	25	35	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	180	80	100	0	0	0
Europe	590	270	315	0	0	0
France	150	80	70	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	80	35	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	125	65	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	100	45	55	0	0	0
Africa	660	310	350	0	0	0
Algeria	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cameroon	130	65	60	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	45	25	25	0	0	0
Egypt	20	0	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	35	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	85	45	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	210	85	120	0	0	0
Asia	385	165	215	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	30	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	50	15	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	50	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	169,735	84,060	85,675	715	395	320
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	19,610	9,645	9,970	70	60	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,400	8,950	8,450	155	85	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	132,725	65,470	67,255	495	255	240
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	14,855	7,180	7,680	25	15	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	8,620	4,425	4,195	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,800	2,355	1,445	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,820	2,070	2,745	0	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,745	1,485	2,260	15	15	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,280	1,150	1,125	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	215	120	105	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	169,735	84,060	85,675	720	395	325
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,645	1,345	1,300	25	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,480	1,270	1,215	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,585	825	765	10	10	0
Métis	880	430	445	10	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	35	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	90	45	45	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	167,095	82,715	84,375	690	380	315
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	169,735	84,060	85,675	720	395	325
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,130	610	520	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	168,605	83,455	85,155	710	385	325
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	169,735	84,065	85,675	720	395	320
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,370	680	690	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,345	665	680	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,135	540	595	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	195	110	85	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,435	2,600	2,835	50	25	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,365	2,545	2,815	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,770	2,235	2,535	20	0	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	295	275	30	20	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	50	20	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	55	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	162,930	80,785	82,150	670	370	300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	169,735	84,060	85,675	720	395	320
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	18,285	9,145	9,145	35	20	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,095	600	495	0	0	0
Chinese	1,940	890	1,050	0	0	0
Black	6,680	3,350	3,335	10	10	10
Filipino	390	170	220	10	0	0
Latin American	2,905	1,425	1,475	0	0	0
Arab	3,060	1,585	1,470	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	710	335	375	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	455	235	220	0	0	0
Korean	95	50	45	0	0	0
Japanese	85	35	55	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	340	195	145	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	530	275	260	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	151,450	74,920	76,530	685	370	315
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	169,735	84,065	85,675	720	390	320
North American Aboriginal origins	6,800	3,280	3,525	50	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,990	2,840	3,155	20	10	15
Inuit	50	35	15	0	0	0
Métis	855	465	385	30	20	0
Other North American origins	105,585	51,945	53,640	240	130	110
Acadian	760	380	380	0	0	0
American	900	440	460	0	10	0
Canadian	101,155	49,735	51,415	240	125	110
New Brunswicker	45	30	20	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Québécois	4,225	2,115	2,110	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	72,650	36,065	36,585	600	320	280
British Isles origins	22,350	10,595	11,755	370	185	185
Channel Islander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,375	3,475	3,900	225	110	115
Irish	13,085	6,215	6,870	145	70	75
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,675	3,105	3,565	180	70	115
Welsh	335	140	195	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,035	455	585	25	25	0
French origins	42,565	21,145	21,420	130	70	65
Alsatian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	180	95	90	0	0	0
Corsican	20	10	10	0	0	0
French	42,405	21,060	21,340	130	70	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,980	2,965	3,020	245	130	115
Austrian	340	210	135	15	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,260	600	660	10	0	0
Dutch	515	255	260	45	20	25
Flemish	35	20	20	0	10	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	3,575	1,745	1,830	135	70	70
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	535	285	245	45	25	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	595	310	280	140	65	75
Danish	150	80	65	30	10	30
Finnish	90	45	40	10	0	10
Icelandic	15	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	160	65	95	80	45	35
Swedish	125	75	50	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	95	45	45	15	0	10
Eastern European origins	6,925	3,500	3,425	115	65	55
Bulgarian	415	225	190	0	0	0
Byelorussian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Czech	165	85	80	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	485	235	245	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	160	90	75	10	10	0
Moldovan	260	125	130	0	0	0
Polish	1,930	990	940	30	10	25
Romanian	1,585	775	805	10	0	0
Russian	1,395	690	705	30	10	20
Slovak	100	50	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,465	765	700	60	40	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	12,920	6,675	6,245	20	15	10
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	195	105	95	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	15	0	0	0
Greek	1,140	620	520	0	0	0
Italian	8,145	4,120	4,025	15	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,835	950	880	0	0	0
Serbian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	60	50	10	0	0	0
Spanish	2,190	1,210	980	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	530	240	290	0	0	0
Basque	65	20	45	0	0	0
Jewish	300	140	165	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	130	55	70	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	4,010	1,950	2,065	15	10	10
Antiguan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	425	205	220	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	165	90	70	0	0	0
Dominican	240	95	140	0	0	0
Grenadian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	1,530	690	850	0	0	0
Jamaican	770	400	375	15	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	365	155	210	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	280	135	145	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	275	150	125	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	120	50	65	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,275	2,130	2,145	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	95	30	65	0	0	0
Arawak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	215	105	115	0	0	0
Chilean	430	195	230	0	0	0
Colombian	640	340	300	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	305	135	165	0	0	0
Guyanese	170	110	65	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Honduran	85	35	50	0	0	0
Maya	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mexican	720	350	370	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	80	50	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	75	50	30	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	620	290	330	0	0	0
Salvadorean	420	225	190	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	175	85	90	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	200	90	110	0	0	0
African origins	6,845	3,500	3,350	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,845	985	860	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	10	0	0	0
Beninese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Burkinabe	60	35	30	0	0	0
Cameroonian	500	255	245	0	0	0
Chadian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Congolese	455	230	225	0	0	0
Edo	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ewe	55	20	35	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Guinean	100	70	35	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	130	85	45	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Peulh	25	10	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	110	55	60	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	155	95	60	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	105	55	50	0	0	0
North African origins	3,395	1,755	1,640	0	0	0
Algerian	905	470	440	0	0	0
Berber	365	190	175	0	0	0
Coptic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	660	345	320	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	1,195	615	580	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	380	195	185	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	60	25	30	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	730	360	370	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Burundian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	175	85	95	0	0	0
Mauritian	140	55	85	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	170	95	75	0	0	0
Seychellois	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
South African	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other African origins	985	465	520	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	180	90	95	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	870	415	460	0	0	10
Asian origins	8,030	3,980	4,055	20	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,070	1,590	1,480	0	0	0
Afghan	130	80	55	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	785	385	400	0	0	0
Armenian	265	145	115	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian	360	190	170	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	10	25	0	0	0
Israeli	110	65	50	0	0	0
Jordanian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kurd	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	40	25	15	0	0	0
Lebanese	760	395	370	0	0	0
Palestinian	220	100	110	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	220	115	110	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	40	10	25	0	0	0
Turk	225	125	100	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	35	25	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	10	25	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	15	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,340	720	615	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	120	65	55	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	930	480	450	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	135	95	40	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	20	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,790	1,785	2,010	20	15	10
Burmese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	185	90	95	0	0	0
Chinese	2,455	1,155	1,300	0	0	0
Filipino	510	240	270	0	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	145	50	100	10	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	55	50	0	0	0
Laotian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	50	20	25	0	0	0
Thai	50	30	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	450	230	215	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	25	20	0	0	0
Australian	40	25	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
Owner	52,250	...	...	230	...	...
Renter	14,015	...	...	70	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	66,265	...	...	295	...	...
Condominium	7,000	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	59,265	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	66,265	...	...	295	...	...
No bedrooms	140	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,805	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,985	...	...	100	...	...
3 bedrooms	26,125	...	...	100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,215	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	66,265	...	...	295	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,520	...	...	90	...	...
5 rooms	9,590	...	...	55	...	...
6 rooms	8,725	...	...	45	...	...
7 rooms	10,710	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	22,715	...	...	70	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
One person or fewer per room	65,985	...	...	295	...	...
More than 1 person per room	280	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
Suitable	64,890	...	...	275	...	...
Not suitable	1,375	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	66,265	...	...	300	...	...
1960 or before	7,845	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	19,700	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	11,645	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	10,050	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,760	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,395	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,870	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	66,265	...	...	295	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	63,100	...	...	270	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,165	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	66,260	...	...	300	...	...
1 household maintainer	36,070	...	...	180	...	...
2 household maintainers	29,400	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	790	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	66,260	...	...	295	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,250	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,010	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	13,365	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	15,440	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	13,425	...	...	80	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,210	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,325	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	1,250	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	66,130	...	...	285	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	55,140	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,985	...	...	80	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,085	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	52,150	...	...	220	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	69.5	...	...	36.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.0	...	...	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,200	...	...	375	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,213	...	...	690	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	269,605	...	...	299,793	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,132	...	...	305,345	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,015	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.9	...	...	38.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	786	...	...	803	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	821	...	...	733	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	137,210	67,300	69,910	600	335	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,170	13,070	12,105	165	95	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,830	16,160	17,675	210	120	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	78,205	38,075	40,130	220	120	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	23,720	14,340	9,380	100	80	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	16,725	8,815	7,915	45	40	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,990	5,525	1,465	55	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,780	10,760	14,025	75	30	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,880	1,990	2,885	30	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,825	10,980	13,845	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree	17,225	7,345	9,880	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,470	1,100	1,370	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	495	260	235	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,265	2,010	2,255	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	370	265	105	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	92,855	45,255	47,595	410	240	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,535	5,975	4,555	80	55	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,135	9,585	10,545	175	100	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	62,190	29,695	32,495	155	80	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	18,550	10,890	7,660	60	45	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	13,135	6,655	6,485	20	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,415	4,240	1,175	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,315	8,000	10,320	55	30	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,810	1,505	2,305	25	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,510	9,300	12,210	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree	14,990	6,345	8,650	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,070	845	1,220	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	395	180	215	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,735	1,710	2,020	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	320	220	100	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	137,210	67,300	69,910	600	335	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	59,010	29,225	29,780	380	215	170
Education	5,300	1,060	4,235	20	0	20
13. Education	5,300	1,065	4,235	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,545	1,175	1,370	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	435	325	115	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,105	850	1,260	10	10	0
Humanities	3,480	1,280	2,200	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	450	75	375	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	170	45	120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,070	855	1,220	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	60	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	70	85	0	0	0
54. History	160	85	75	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	360	90	270	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,065	2,060	5,005	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	20	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	925	280	645	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,560	120	1,445	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,395	425	975	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	40	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	905	195	710	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,140	990	1,150	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	19,505	6,915	12,590	35	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	660	105	550	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	18,840	6,805	12,035	30	15	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,380	1,390	985	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	685	300	385	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	500	315	180	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	315	135	180	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	725	520	205	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	160	120	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,435	2,515	920	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,010	2,305	705	0	10	0
25. Library science	125	20	115	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	255	160	95	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,680	16,230	1,450	80	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	485	270	220	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,115	2,505	615	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,125	2,860	255	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,260	4,125	140	10	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,125	4,010	120	35	35	0
48. Precision production	2,570	2,465	110	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	920	455	470	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	725	325	400	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	130	70	0	0	0
Health and related fields	9,340	1,540	7,800	25	0	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	550	265	285	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,705	1,230	7,475	25	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	45	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,540	3,440	3,100	30	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	3,310	755	2,555	25	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	35	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,780	1,375	400	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,395	1,260	135	0	0	0
Other	15	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	92,855	45,260	47,600	410	240	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,665	15,560	15,105	255	155	100
Education	3,830	700	3,130	15	0	10
13. Education	3,830	700	3,130	10	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,940	890	1,055	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	330	240	90	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,615	650	960	0	0	0
Humanities	2,215	840	1,375	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	355	60	290	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	145	30	110	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,165	545	620	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	40	40	0	0	0
54. History	110	55	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	280	65	215	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,795	1,675	4,120	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	20	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	720	225	495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,265	75	1,190	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,205	345	860	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	20	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	765	180	590	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,760	820	935	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	16,380	5,595	10,785	30	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	75	490	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,810	5,515	10,300	25	15	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,505	870	630	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	565	245	320	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	270	165	100	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	15	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	515	370	150	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	115	80	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,095	2,245	845	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,780	2,105	675	10	10	0
25. Library science	95	15	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	110	90	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,815	12,510	1,305	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	420	240	180	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,760	2,190	570	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,545	2,320	230	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,055	2,930	125	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,030	2,925	100	20	20	0
48. Precision production	2,000	1,900	95	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	770	365	400	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	605	260	350	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	105	55	0	10	0
Health and related fields	7,500	1,170	6,330	20	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	465	215	255	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,975	925	6,050	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	30	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,330	2,825	2,505	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,650	605	2,045	20	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	15	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,450	1,120	330	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,195	1,075	120	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	137,210	67,300	69,910	600	335	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,010	29,225	29,780	380	215	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	78,205	38,075	40,130	220	120	100
Location of study inside Canada	71,900	34,770	37,125	185	105	80
Same as province or territory of residence	70,090	33,730	36,365	160	95	70
Different than province or territory of residence	1,810	1,045	770	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,305	3,305	3,000	40	20	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	410	200	205	20	15	10
Philippines	105	25	80	0	0	0
India	50	30	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	190	120	70	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	270	135	135	0	0	0
France	840	505	335	0	0	0
Other	4,445	2,280	2,165	15	0	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	92,855	45,260	47,600	410	240	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,665	15,560	15,105	255	155	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	62,190	29,695	32,495	155	85	75
Location of study inside Canada	56,855	26,990	29,865	135	70	60
Same as province or territory of residence	55,435	26,195	29,245	115	65	50
Different than province or territory of residence	1,420	800	620	20	0	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,335	2,705	2,630	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	335	165	170	15	10	10
Philippines	85	15	70	0	0	0
India	45	30	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	120	80	40	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	235	115	120	0	0	0
France	705	405	300	0	0	0
Other	3,815	1,895	1,910	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	137,210	67,300	69,910	600	335	265
In the labour force	94,885	48,630	46,255	295	180	120
Employed	89,375	45,480	43,890	255	160	95
Unemployed	5,515	3,145	2,365	40	25	20
Not in the labour force	42,325	18,675	23,650	305	155	150
Participation rate	69.2	72.3	66.2	49.2	53.7	45.3
Employment rate	65.1	67.6	62.8	42.5	47.8	35.8
Unemployment rate	5.8	6.5	5.1	13.6	13.9	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	137,210	67,300	69,910	600	335	265
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	39,725	17,130	22,595	250	135	115
Worked	97,485	50,170	47,315	350	200	145
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	50,320	27,235	23,085	115	80	35
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	47,170	22,940	24,230	235	120	115
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.0	43.7	38.3	38.9	37.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	94,885	48,625	46,255	300	180	120
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,870	925	945	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	93,015	47,705	45,305	290	180	110
Employee	83,715	42,080	41,635	220	135	85
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,295	5,625	3,675	70	45	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	94,885	48,630	46,255	295	180	120
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,870	925	950	0	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	93,010	47,700	45,310	290	180	115
0 Management occupations	10,280	6,370	3,910	25	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	17,215	4,725	12,495	20	0	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,385	5,030	1,360	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	6,015	885	5,130	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,440	2,675	7,760	10	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,345	1,085	1,260	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	21,450	9,915	11,535	85	40	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,220	13,455	765	85	85	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	775	630	145	30	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,880	2,935	950	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	94,885	48,625	46,255	295	180	120
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,870	925	950	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	93,015	47,705	45,310	290	180	115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	615	405	215	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	180	145	30	15	10	0
22 Utilities	885	620	270	0	0	0
23 Construction	6,095	5,255	840	40	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	9,980	7,235	2,740	30	25	0
41 Wholesale trade	4,475	3,030	1,445	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	11,965	5,730	6,235	30	0	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,000	4,355	1,650	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,755	1,530	1,220	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	4,990	1,765	3,225	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,470	860	615	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,380	3,340	3,035	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	35	45	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,780	2,420	1,360	10	10	0
61 Educational services	6,470	1,555	4,920	20	10	15
62 Health care and social assistance	11,200	1,630	9,565	20	10	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,850	1,015	840	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,775	2,190	2,580	25	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,895	1,755	2,145	25	20	10
91 Public administration	5,175	2,850	2,320	10	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	89,375	45,480	43,895	250	160	100
Worked at home	5,140	2,390	2,750	35	25	10
Worked outside Canada	200	155	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,030	6,130	1,900	45	45	0
Worked at usual place	76,005	36,805	39,195	165	80	85
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	76,005	36,810	39,200	165	85	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,165	5,010	7,150	45	0	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,650	5,980	7,670	115	70	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50,060	25,745	24,315	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	130	70	60	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	84,035	42,940	41,100	215	130	85
Car, truck, van - as a driver	68,355	36,640	31,720	195	120	75
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,010	1,050	1,960	20	10	10
Public transit	9,730	3,820	5,915	0	0	0
Walked	1,915	830	1,085	0	0	0
Bicycle	425	315	110	0	0	0
Other method	595	280	310	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	84,035	42,935	41,095	220	130	85
Less than 15 minutes	18,990	8,385	10,605	55	25	30
15 to 29 minutes	23,570	12,010	11,555	25	15	10
30 to 44 minutes	21,105	12,025	9,075	60	40	15
45 to 59 minutes	10,985	5,885	5,100	40	15	25
60 minutes and over	9,385	4,635	4,750	40	40	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	84,035	42,935	41,100	215	135	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	8,220	6,195	2,030	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	18,190	10,390	7,800	35	25	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	24,790	10,900	13,890	75	45	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,140	5,245	7,895	25	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,160	2,910	4,250	25	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	12,530	7,300	5,230	25	15	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	99,735	51,155	48,580	355	205	145
Single responses	89,710	45,870	43,845	355	205	145
Official languages	89,495	45,765	43,730	340	195	145
English	11,785	6,100	5,685	340	200	145
French	77,705	39,665	38,045	0	0	0
Non-official languages	220	100	120	15	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	105	120	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	40	50	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	25	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10,025	5,290	4,735	0	0	0
English and French	9,560	5,070	4,490	0	0	0
English and non-official language	105	60	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	70	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	240	90	150	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	99,735	51,160	48,580	350	205	150
None	57,435	29,285	28,150	335	190	145
English	33,615	17,370	16,245	10	10	10
French	7,665	3,970	3,700	10	10	0
Non-official language	635	370	260	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	620	365	255	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	285	110	175	0	0	0
French and non-official language	100	50	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	168,020	83,165	84,855	710	390	320
Non-movers	153,085	76,030	77,050	600	320	275
Movers	14,940	7,130	7,810	105	70	40
Non-migrants	5,615	2,670	2,945	40	20	20
Migrants	9,325	4,465	4,860	65	45	20
Internal migrants	8,845	4,230	4,615	65	40	20
Intraprovincial migrants	8,690	4,155	4,545	45	30	20
Interprovincial migrants	150	80	75	15	15	0
External migrants	480	235	245	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	159,865	79,125	80,735	675	375	300
Non-movers	109,775	54,805	54,970	460	255	215
Movers	50,085	24,320	25,760	215	125	85
Non-migrants	19,305	9,320	9,985	80	35	45
Migrants	30,780	15,000	15,780	135	85	45
Internal migrants	28,790	14,060	14,730	125	80	45
Intraprovincial migrants	28,220	13,775	14,440	105	65	35
Interprovincial migrants	570	280	290	30	20	10
External migrants	1,990	940	1,050	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Roussillon, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Cherryville, UNP [Designated place], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia