Census Profile, 2016 Census
Candiac, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Candiac, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Truro, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Candiac, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Candiac, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	21,047	...	...	12,261	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,876	...	...	12,059	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	7,925	...	...	6,574	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,832	...	...	6,052	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,215.8	...	...	355.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17.31	...	...	34.49	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	21,050	10,480	10,565	12,260	5,605	6,655
0 to 14 years	4,645	2,405	2,240	1,620	825	800
0 to 4 years	1,250	690	565	580	295	285
5 to 9 years	1,730	870	860	525	260	265
10 to 14 years	1,660	850	810	520	270	255
15 to 64 years	13,955	6,860	7,100	7,560	3,540	4,020
15 to 19 years	1,425	770	655	595	305	295
20 to 24 years	1,235	635	605	845	410	430
25 to 29 years	770	380	385	725	350	375
30 to 34 years	1,070	470	600	725	305	420
35 to 39 years	1,615	750	860	620	280	345
40 to 44 years	1,845	915	935	695	340	355
45 to 49 years	1,800	880	920	705	345	360
50 to 54 years	1,715	870	845	895	415	475
55 to 59 years	1,405	695	710	955	430	530
60 to 64 years	1,070	500	570	805	370	440
65 years and over	2,450	1,220	1,230	3,075	1,235	1,840
65 to 69 years	940	460	480	810	370	440
70 to 74 years	775	385	395	685	295	390
75 to 79 years	410	220	195	535	200	335
80 to 84 years	210	100	110	465	190	270
85 years and over	115	50	60	585	180	400
85 to 89 years	85	35	50	345	125	215
90 to 94 years	25	15	10	185	45	135
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	55	10	45
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.1	22.9	21.2	13.2	14.7	12.0
15 to 64 years	66.3	65.5	67.2	61.7	63.2	60.4
65 years and over	11.6	11.6	11.6	25.1	22.0	27.6
85 years and over	0.5	0.5	0.6	4.8	3.2	6.0
Average age of the population	37.4	36.9	37.8	45.6	43.6	47.3
Median age of the population	39.3	39.0	39.6	46.9	44.8	49.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
Single-detached house	4,765	...	...	2,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,970	...	...	3,425	...	...
Semi-detached house	660	...	...	205	...	...
Row house	595	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	630	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,705	...	...	2,510	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,830	...	...	6,050	...	...
1 person	1,550	...	...	2,645	...	...
2 persons	2,505	...	...	2,095	...	...
3 persons	1,415	...	...	650	...	...
4 persons	1,720	...	...	470	...	...
5 or more persons	635	...	...	195	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,045	...	...	11,735	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,405	8,075	8,330	10,640	4,780	5,860
Married or living common law	10,645	5,315	5,330	5,120	2,555	2,565
Married	6,770	3,385	3,385	3,950	1,970	1,980
Living common law	3,875	1,935	1,940	1,165	580	585
Not married and not living common law	5,755	2,760	3,000	5,525	2,225	3,295
Never married	4,205	2,240	1,965	3,040	1,525	1,515
Separated	200	90	115	500	190	310
Divorced	945	330	615	945	325	625
Widowed	405	100	305	1,035	190	845
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,230	...	...	3,195	...	...
2 persons	2,550	...	...	2,020	...	...
3 persons	1,410	...	...	585	...	...
4 persons	1,715	...	...	445	...	...
5 or more persons	555	...	...	150	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,230	...	...	3,195	...	...
Total couple families	5,295	...	...	2,475	...	...
Married couples	3,360	...	...	1,890	...	...
Common-law couples	1,935	...	...	585	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	935	...	...	720	...	...
Female parent	655	...	...	605	...	...
Male parent	280	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,300	...	...	2,475	...	...
Couples without children	2,040	...	...	1,525	...	...
Couples with children	3,255	...	...	950	...	...
1 child	1,060	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	1,645	...	...	395	...	...
3 or more children	550	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	935	...	...	720	...	...
1 child	510	...	...	495	...	...
2 children	350	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,965	915	1,050	3,375	1,425	1,945
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
One-census-family households	6,120	...	...	3,115	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,995	...	...	1,500	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,125	...	...	1,615	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	55	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,660	...	...	2,900	...	...
One-person households	1,555	...	...	2,640	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	105	...	...	255	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,895	5,475	6,420
English only	560	305	255	10,910	5,070	5,840
French only	6,210	2,815	3,400	0	0	0
English and French	14,180	7,325	6,855	970	395	575
Neither English nor French	95	35	60	20	10	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	21,050	10,480	10,565	11,895	5,475	6,425
English	2,720	1,410	1,310	11,755	5,415	6,345
French	17,350	8,555	8,795	110	45	65
English and French	890	485	405	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	90	35	60	20	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,165	1,650	1,515	115	50	65
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	15.0	15.7	14.3	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,895	5,475	6,420
Single responses	20,480	10,185	10,295	11,835	5,455	6,385
Official languages	18,195	9,040	9,155	11,450	5,275	6,175
English	2,000	1,055	940	11,330	5,230	6,105
French	16,200	7,990	8,210	120	50	70
Non-official languages	2,280	1,140	1,140	390	175	215
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,280	1,140	1,140	365	170	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	155	130	20	10	5
Berber languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	270	150	125	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	275	150	125	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	25	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	70	35	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	70	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	25	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,570	780	785	180	80	95
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	90	95	25	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	190	90	95	30	15	15
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	25	10	5	0
Russian	60	25	35	10	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	10	55	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	20	5	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	80	70	50	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	15	35	20	20
Bengali	5	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	10	5	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages	125	65	55	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	125	65	55	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,105	545	565	35	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	195	110	85	0	0	0
Portuguese	165	75	85	0	5	0
Romanian	180	80	95	0	0	0
Spanish	570	280	290	35	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	105	110	60	30	30
Chinese languages	215	100	115	60	30	35
Cantonese	75	40	35	35	15	20
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	55	70	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	570	300	270	55	25	35
English and French	350	185	165	25	10	15
English and non-official language	50	25	30	30	10	20
French and non-official language	125	60	60	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	30	15	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,895	5,475	6,420
Single responses	20,260	10,080	10,180	11,790	5,425	6,365
Official languages	19,065	9,475	9,585	11,635	5,350	6,285
English	2,495	1,280	1,215	11,605	5,335	6,270
French	16,570	8,195	8,370	30	15	20
Non-official languages	1,195	605	590	150	75	80
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,195	605	590	150	70	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	5	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	55	55	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	110	50	55	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	860	445	420	50	25	25
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	45	55	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	50	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Russian	40	15	25	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	45	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	20	10	10
Bengali	5	5	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	10	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	85	50	40	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	50	40	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	630	320	305	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Romanian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Spanish	415	215	205	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	85	30	15	15
Chinese languages	160	75	85	30	15	15
Cantonese	50	25	25	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	50	50	10	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	790	400	390	105	50	55
English and French	365	180	180	25	10	15
English and non-official language	100	55	50	80	35	40
French and non-official language	210	115	95	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	110	55	55	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,900	5,475	6,420
None	16,505	8,185	8,320	11,445	5,285	6,165
English	2,325	1,200	1,125	85	40	45
French	1,315	670	650	165	70	100
Non-official language	590	275	315	185	75	105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	5	15
Non-Aboriginal	590	275	315	160	70	90
English and French	140	70	70	5	0	5
English and non-official language	100	45	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	30	35	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,405	8,070	8,325	10,135	4,605	5,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,700	7,715	7,980	9,790	4,420	5,370
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,725	57,003	42,217	27,298	32,179	24,252
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,705	7,720	7,985	9,795	4,415	5,370
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,770	46,776	36,346	25,130	28,958	22,684
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,960	7,465	7,495	8,230	3,795	4,435
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,039	54,473	37,632	25,833	31,499	21,430
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,505	4,340	6,165	7,860	3,285	4,575
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,439	4,083	6,233	8,261	8,160	8,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,710	6,460	6,250	6,340	3,060	3,285
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,432	54,997	40,361	26,339	30,162	23,488
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,405	8,075	8,325	10,135	4,610	5,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,615	7,615	8,000	9,800	4,410	5,390
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	67,802	83,749	52,610	37,341	43,287	32,478
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,620	7,620	8,005	9,795	4,410	5,390
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,190	61,063	41,793	31,438	35,718	27,938
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,915	7,405	7,515	8,225	3,790	4,430
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,435	81,967	49,157	36,232	42,952	30,482
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,425	4,325	6,095	7,760	3,255	4,505
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,934	7,260	8,413	8,750	8,577	8,875
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,710	6,400	6,305	6,345	3,035	3,300
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,057	79,641	50,256	35,230	40,974	29,948
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,405	8,075	8,330	10,130	4,605	5,525
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,410	3,395	3,015	2,990	1,490	1,500
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	66,546	77,055	58,689	41,863	45,926	35,635
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	85,317	100,332	68,415	51,203	58,192	44,269
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.2	95.1	88.0	80.9	85.2	76.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.6	79.4	75.0	61.7	65.7	57.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.7	4.9	12.0	19.1	14.8	23.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,405	8,070	8,325	10,135	4,610	5,525
Without total income	705	355	345	345	190	155
With total income	15,700	7,720	7,980	9,790	4,420	5,375
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.7	95.9	96.6	95.9	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,680	715	965	1,360	590	770
$10,000 to $19,999	1,825	705	1,120	2,215	820	1,395
$20,000 to $29,999	1,475	610	860	1,735	675	1,055
$30,000 to $39,999	1,480	640	835	1,280	565	715
$40,000 to $49,999	1,570	695	875	1,000	505	495
$50,000 to $59,999	1,365	670	695	630	365	270
$60,000 to $69,999	1,185	565	625	455	260	195
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	505	510	345	185	155
$80,000 to $89,999	815	435	385	280	140	140
$90,000 to $99,999	655	385	270	140	85	60
$100,000 and over	2,630	1,790	840	350	235	115
$100,000 to $149,999	1,530	990	540	245	155	95
$150,000 and over	1,095	800	300	105	80	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,400	8,075	8,330	10,135	4,605	5,525
Without after-tax income	695	355	340	340	190	155
With after-tax income	15,705	7,720	7,985	9,790	4,420	5,375
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	95.6	95.9	96.6	96.0	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,790	735	1,055	1,415	600	810
$10,000 to $19,999	1,950	770	1,180	2,345	875	1,475
$20,000 to $29,999	1,835	770	1,060	2,065	830	1,235
$30,000 to $39,999	2,110	940	1,165	1,490	705	790
$40,000 to $49,999	1,940	940	1,000	945	530	420
$50,000 to $59,999	1,590	800	795	620	350	270
$60,000 to $69,999	1,305	690	615	405	215	190
$70,000 to $79,999	930	550	375	200	105	90
$80,000 and over	2,260	1,525	740	305	210	95
$80,000 to $89,999	600	360	235	90	55	40
$90,000 to $99,999	355	230	125	60	45	10
$100,000 and over	1,300	930	375	150	110	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,400	8,075	8,325	10,135	4,605	5,525
Without employment income	3,695	1,615	2,080	3,795	1,550	2,240
With employment income	12,710	6,460	6,250	6,340	3,060	3,285
Percentage with employment income	77.5	80.0	75.1	62.6	66.4	59.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,385	700	680	980	445	530
$5,000 to $9,999	855	370	490	590	240	350
$10,000 to $19,999	1,360	590	775	990	420	570
$20,000 to $29,999	1,040	445	595	935	415	515
$30,000 to $39,999	995	435	560	805	385	425
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	450	600	585	295	290
$50,000 to $59,999	980	450	530	380	230	150
$60,000 to $69,999	875	410	470	290	150	140
$70,000 to $79,999	820	390	435	240	130	110
$80,000 and over	3,345	2,225	1,125	550	345	210
$80,000 to $89,999	630	375	250	220	105	115
$90,000 to $99,999	545	335	210	100	65	35
$100,000 and over	2,170	1,510	660	230	175	55
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,835	...	...	6,055	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	101,205	...	...	43,301	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,401	...	...	39,030	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,550	...	...	2,645	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,229	...	...	24,853	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,080	...	...	23,488	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,280	...	...	3,405	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,467	...	...	64,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,067	...	...	57,019	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	135,184	...	...	60,446	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	102,113	...	...	50,890	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,565	...	...	2,640	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	67,508	...	...	33,359	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,705	...	...	28,476	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,270	...	...	3,410	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	152,078	...	...	81,445	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,946	...	...	68,268	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,835	...	...	6,055	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	205	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	430	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	440	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	155	...	...	455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	385	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...	400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	200	...	...	350	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	220	...	...	330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	315	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	535	...	...	455	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	510	...	...	420	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	490	...	...	340	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	445	...	...	295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	505	...	...	190	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,970	...	...	920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	910	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	770	...	...	210	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,010	...	...	200	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,280	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	210	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	430	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	480	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	185	...	...	525	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...	470	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	425	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	315	...	...	425	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	315	...	...	355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	340	...	...	320	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	565	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	655	...	...	410	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	635	...	...	325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	475	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,045	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,045	...	...	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	700	...	...	140	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,295	...	...	130	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,205	...	...	3,210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	119,966	...	...	64,475	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,456	...	...	57,173	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,970	...	...	1,475	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,112	...	...	63,339	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,965	...	...	56,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,260	...	...	960	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	153,553	...	...	96,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,472	...	...	82,867	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	910	...	...	695	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	78,285	...	...	38,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,544	...	...	36,288	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,220	...	...	3,225	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	152,236	...	...	81,582	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,979	...	...	68,222	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,990	...	...	1,510	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,095	...	...	78,482	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,756	...	...	65,433	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,240	...	...	935	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	193,921	...	...	118,932	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,510	...	...	97,346	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	920	...	...	710	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	90,024	...	...	42,145	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,529	...	...	38,207	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,765	835	930	3,160	1,340	1,825
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	47,086	52,864	41,920	24,508	24,539	24,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,087	42,400	36,181	23,078	22,707	23,200
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,740	820	920	3,165	1,355	1,810
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	64,305	85,879	45,039	32,561	31,786	33,140
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,624	61,782	36,873	27,886	27,076	28,492
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,260	2,955	3,300	8,005	3,590	4,420
In the bottom decile	540	240	300	2,010	910	1,100
In the second decile	900	405	495	1,845	740	1,105
In the third decile	1,275	595	685	1,535	675	860
In the fourth decile	1,655	790	870	1,410	665	750
In the fifth decile	1,890	930	960	1,205	595	605
In the top half of the distribution	14,785	7,520	7,265	3,730	1,835	1,900
In the sixth decile	2,275	1,145	1,140	1,065	535	535
In the seventh decile	2,570	1,315	1,260	840	405	435
In the eighth decile	2,860	1,440	1,420	820	395	425
In the ninth decile	3,040	1,555	1,485	575	285	295
In the top decile	4,035	2,080	1,955	430	220	205
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
0 to 17 years	5,480	2,870	2,615	1,925	985	940
0 to 5 years	1,595	865	725	675	340	335
18 to 64 years	13,115	6,395	6,720	7,115	3,315	3,805
65 years and over	2,445	1,220	1,230	2,690	1,120	1,570
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	935	400	535	2,990	1,280	1,710
0 to 17 years	225	115	115	585	280	305
0 to 5 years	65	30	35	260	120	140
18 to 64 years	545	235	305	1,870	840	1,035
65 years and over	170	55	115	535	165	375
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.4	3.8	5.1	25.5	23.6	27.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	4.0	4.4	30.4	28.4	32.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	3.5	4.8	38.5	35.3	41.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	3.7	4.5	26.3	25.3	27.2
65 years and over (%)	7.0	4.5	9.3	19.9	14.7	23.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	650	280	370	1,420	670	750
0 to 17 years	145	70	75	245	105	140
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	115	40	70
18 to 64 years	415	195	225	1,130	545	585
65 years and over	95	20	75	40	15	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	2.7	3.5	12.1	12.4	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	2.4	2.9	12.7	10.7	14.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.8	2.3	3.4	17.0	11.8	20.9
18 to 64 years (%)	3.2	3.0	3.3	15.9	16.4	15.4
65 years and over (%)	3.9	1.6	6.1	1.5	1.3	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
Official languages	20,930	10,435	10,500	11,725	5,415	6,310
English	14,670	7,630	7,040	11,725	5,415	6,310
French	20,430	10,170	10,260	970	380	585
Non-official languages	3,725	1,785	1,940	650	285	365
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	50	35	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	45	30	20
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,725	1,790	1,940	600	250	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	645	340	305	50	20	25
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	645	340	305	50	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	640	340	305	50	20	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	45	80	25	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	25	75	30	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	50	65	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,570	1,230	1,340	325	130	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	230	110	115	35	10	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	230	110	115	40	10	30
Belarusan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Russian	120	45	75	30	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	50	35	105	50	60
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	10	0
Danish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	35	30	75	35	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	70	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	35	100	40	55
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	95	40	55
Bengali	0	0	0	20	0	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	55	25	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	45	35	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,095	985	1,110	95	30	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	455	240	215	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	95	75	0	0	0
Romanian	205	90	120	0	0	0
Spanish	1,350	610	745	95	30	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	245	105	140	85	40	45
Chinese languages	240	100	140	85	45	45
Cantonese	95	50	45	55	20	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	65	100	30	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	30	15	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	20	15	0	0	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,310
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	20,625	10,290	10,330	11,380	5,250	6,130
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,485	2,880	2,605	1,855	955	900
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,145	7,415	7,725	9,525	4,300	5,225
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	420	190	235	350	170	185
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,310
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	18,490	9,220	9,275	10,945	5,050	5,895
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,515	1,245	1,270	705	330	375
Before 1981	615	345	265	320	180	145
1981 to 1990	245	115	130	25	15	10
1991 to 2000	415	165	250	60	0	55
2001 to 2010	920	475	445	105	40	65
2001 to 2005	430	215	210	75	30	45
2006 to 2010	490	260	230	30	10	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	325	145	175	190	90	105
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	35	20	20	85	40	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,515	1,245	1,270	705	325	375
Under 5 years	330	135	195	90	45	45
5 to 14 years	445	245	200	145	55	90
15 to 24 years	525	270	255	140	55	85
25 to 44 years	1,135	555	580	280	150	130
45 years and over	80	40	40	45	20	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,515	1,245	1,270	705	330	380
Americas	690	335	360	165	90	75
Brazil	35	20	15	0	0	0
Colombia	80	45	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	55	25	30	0	0	10
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	20	15	10
Mexico	85	45	40	10	10	0
Peru	80	35	45	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	30	70	125	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	205	105	100	10	0	10
Europe	755	380	375	280	125	155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	120	70	55	10	0	0
Germany	20	10	15	25	10	15
Greece	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Italy	85	65	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	30	15	15
Poland	20	10	15	0	0	0
Portugal	75	40	35	0	10	0
Romania	130	55	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	15	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	35	35	170	80	85
Other places of birth in Europe	140	60	80	15	0	15
Africa	550	310	240	10	10	0
Algeria	85	35	45	0	0	0
Egypt	120	75	40	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	125	75	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	215	125	85	0	0	0
Asia	520	225	295	245	100	145
Afghanistan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	130	35	95	50	10	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	15	10	0	0	0
India	10	10	10	40	20	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	15	20	0	0	10
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	35	15	10	10	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	25	15	10
Philippines	20	10	20	75	30	45
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	25	20	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	60	90	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	325	145	180	195	85	100
Americas	100	50	55	35	25	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	20	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	30	20	0	0	0
Europe	55	20	30	50	15	35
France	15	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	45	10	40
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	110	55	55	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Asia	65	25	40	105	55	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	15	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	70	25	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,670	1,345	1,325	835	390	445
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,580	1,385	1,195	970	475	500
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	15,795	7,745	8,045	9,930	4,555	5,375
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,935	915	1,020	390	155	235
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,165	575	590	215	105	110
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	530	320	210	75	50	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	635	250	385	140	50	90
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	480	170	305	160	50	110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	275	160	115	15	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	150	70	75	595	270	325
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	150	75	75	570	250	320
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	110	60	50	355	155	200
Métis	35	15	20	195	85	110
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,895	10,405	10,490	11,135	5,155	5,985
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,730	5,420	6,315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	40	35	10	265	125	140
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,000	10,445	10,555	11,470	5,300	6,175
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	95	60	30	150	60	90
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	95	60	30	150	60	90
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	90	60	25	130	55	75
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	20	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	465	185	285	735	275	460
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	455	180	275	705	265	440
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	435	175	260	460	180	285
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	220	75	145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,485	10,235	10,250	10,850	5,085	5,765
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,385	1,205	1,185	860	410	450
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	20	15	115	55	60
Chinese	390	150	235	75	25	55
Black	450	235	210	490	270	220
Filipino	70	30	45	85	30	55
Latin American	490	235	255	15	0	15
Arab	540	315	230	15	10	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	160	65	90	30	10	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	80	45	35	0	10	0
Korean	15	10	10	10	10	0
Japanese	35	15	15	10	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	85	50	30	15	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	18,660	9,280	9,380	10,875	5,010	5,860
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,045	10,480	10,565	11,735	5,420	6,315
North American Aboriginal origins	560	250	310	885	335	550
First Nations (North American Indian)	535	235	295	625	245	380
Inuit	0	0	0	25	15	10
Métis	35	10	30	270	85	180
Other North American origins	12,100	5,980	6,115	5,210	2,455	2,755
Acadian	55	30	20	260	120	140
American	110	60	50	100	50	50
Canadian	11,620	5,745	5,880	4,950	2,330	2,625
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	430	195	230	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	10,125	5,120	5,005	8,140	3,690	4,450
British Isles origins	2,755	1,295	1,450	7,355	3,340	4,015
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	810	360	445	3,725	1,665	2,060
Irish	1,485	675	810	2,770	1,195	1,580
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	1,050	495	550	4,240	1,965	2,270
Welsh	25	0	25	160	70	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	140	85	55	240	100	140
French origins	6,385	3,140	3,245	1,445	695	755
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	10	0	0	0
French	6,375	3,135	3,240	1,445	695	750
Western European origins (except French origins)	920	505	415	1,345	560	785
Austrian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	220	130	90	60	20	40
Dutch	50	30	15	395	165	235
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	475	250	220	950	415	535
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	145	80	65	70	15	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	80	55	25	190	90	95
Danish	20	15	10	50	25	20
Finnish	10	0	10	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	30	10	65	25	40
Swedish	10	0	0	50	35	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	950	490	460	380	175	195
Bulgarian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	15	0	20
Czech	55	40	20	15	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	60	50	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	15	35	0	0	0
Polish	245	120	125	170	85	90
Romanian	230	120	115	0	0	0
Russian	110	55	45	55	15	40
Slovak	30	10	20	10	0	0
Ukrainian	140	70	75	165	85	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	2,245	1,240	1,010	235	130	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	35	10	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	305	155	145	20	15	0
Italian	1,470	810	660	140	80	60
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	275	170	105	15	10	10
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	345	195	150	50	25	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	60	30	30	20	10	15
Basque	35	15	20	0	0	0
Jewish	25	15	10	0	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Caribbean origins	210	100	115	85	40	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	50	20	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	140	55	85	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	10	15	40	15	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	730	350	385	50	25	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	0	10	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chilean	130	55	80	0	0	0
Colombian	105	55	55	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	20	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	0	10	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	170	90	75	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Salvadorean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	55	20	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	45	15	30	0	0	10
African origins	960	520	440	325	150	175
Central and West African origins	185	105	80	15	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	630	350	285	10	0	0
Algerian	120	65	60	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	245	135	120	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	185	105	85	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	90	60	30	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	35	45	10	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	75	45	35	295	135	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	75	30	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	35	25	220	105	115
Asian origins	1,505	725	785	505	220	285
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	670	360	310	130	70	60
Afghan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	175	85	85	0	0	0
Armenian	45	25	20	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian	70	40	25	0	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	170	95	80	85	45	35
Palestinian	100	40	55	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	70	40	25	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	60	30	25	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	55	30	25	120	60	60
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	30	20	85	50	40
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	815	355	455	210	75	140
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	15	35	0	0	0
Chinese	510	215	300	125	50	75
Filipino	115	60	55	50	20	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	25	20	0	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	20	10	10
Laotian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	60	55	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	15	10	0
Australian	0	0	0	15	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,830	...	...	6,050	...	...
Owner	6,710	...	...	2,665	...	...
Renter	1,120	...	...	3,385	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
Condominium	1,455	...	...	135	...	...
Not condominium	6,380	...	...	5,915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	315	...	...	1,305	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,980	...	...	2,200	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,875	...	...	1,625	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,665	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,525	...	...	2,420	...	...
5 rooms	810	...	...	890	...	...
6 rooms	815	...	...	815	...	...
7 rooms	970	...	...	635	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,705	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.4	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,800	...	...	6,020	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,830	...	...	6,050	...	...
Suitable	7,710	...	...	5,860	...	...
Not suitable	120	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,830	...	...	6,055	...	...
1960 or before	290	...	...	2,590	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,180	...	...	1,575	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,000	...	...	565	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,020	...	...	460	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,215	...	...	225	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,735	...	...	410	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	395	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,830	...	...	6,050	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,535	...	...	5,485	...	...
Major repairs needed	300	...	...	565	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,835	...	...	6,050	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,090	...	...	4,250	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,700	...	...	1,755	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,830	...	...	6,050	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	315	...	...
25 to 34 years	750	...	...	785	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,940	...	...	825	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,105	...	...	1,020	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,395	...	...	1,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,085	...	...	990	...	...
75 to 84 years	385	...	...	705	...	...
85 years and over	80	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,820	...	...	6,050	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,905	...	...	4,075	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	920	...	...	1,970	...	...
30% to less than 100%	830	...	...	1,755	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,710	...	...	2,665	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.3	...	...	53.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.3	...	...	12.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,322	...	...	863	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,430	...	...	955	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,980	...	...	160,189	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	415,148	...	...	179,668	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,120	...	...	3,385	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	1.3	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	26.3	...	...	48.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	851	...	...	729	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	890	...	...	777	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,400	8,075	8,330	10,135	4,605	5,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,765	970	795	2,050	1,010	1,050
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,105	1,460	1,645	2,925	1,490	1,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,525	5,640	5,885	5,155	2,115	3,035
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,735	960	775	735	460	280
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,295	590	700	490	270	220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	440	370	70	245	195	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,260	1,580	1,680	2,120	660	1,455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	790	340	455	215	85	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,745	2,760	2,985	2,085	910	1,180
Bachelor's degree	3,760	1,760	2,000	1,350	575	775
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	565	270	295	130	50	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	130	75	60	30	30
Master's degree	1,150	560	590	510	235	275
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	45	25	40	20	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,300	5,405	5,895	6,025	2,775	3,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	545	300	245	785	425	365
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,615	775	840	1,770	965	805
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,140	4,330	4,810	3,470	1,395	2,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,325	730	600	430	285	145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,010	465	550	300	165	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	315	270	45	130	115	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,275	1,110	1,165	1,465	470	995
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	615	245	375	115	45	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,920	2,255	2,670	1,455	600	855
Bachelor's degree	3,225	1,465	1,760	950	415	535
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	470	195	265	90	30	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	85	70	50	25	30
Master's degree	1,010	470	545	345	135	210
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	40	20	20	0	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,400	8,075	8,330	10,135	4,605	5,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,875	2,430	2,440	4,980	2,490	2,490
Education	845	155	685	585	180	405
13. Education	850	160	685	585	185	405
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	155	180	130	60	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	15	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	275	115	165	95	35	60
Humanities	540	210	325	270	125	155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	0	55	30	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	55	15	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	365	145	215	50	20	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	10	30	20	15
54. History	25	20	10	80	55	20
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,290	395	895	545	115	430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	235	65	170	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	10	145	195	10	185
22. Legal professions and studies	345	110	235	75	15	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	10	10	0	15
42. Psychology	180	20	155	105	10	90
45. Social sciences	360	180	175	130	65	60
Business, management and public administration	3,665	1,685	1,985	1,115	305	810
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	30	65	115	40	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,570	1,655	1,915	1,000	270	730
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	210	205	185	95	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	25	95	70	25	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	45	35	45	20	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	55	20	35	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	150	105	40	60	50	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	20	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	565	405	165	205	125	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	470	350	115	150	95	65
25. Library science	25	0	25	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	20	40	30	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,920	1,735	185	685	630	55
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	20	30	10	15
14. Engineering	710	580	125	80	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	360	345	10	130	115	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	280	270	10	150	155	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	315	10	210	205	0
48. Precision production	165	160	10	90	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	35	65	205	135	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	10	50	140	80	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	15	65	55	15
Health and related fields	1,270	355	920	860	140	725
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	65	30	50	30	25
51. Health professions and related programs	1,135	250	880	790	95	695
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	40	10	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	585	310	275	360	200	155
12. Personal and culinary services	290	55	230	200	70	135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	30	0
43. Security and protective services	205	170	35	65	45	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	85	10	60	60	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,305	5,405	5,895	6,025	2,780	3,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,160	1,070	1,090	2,560	1,385	1,175
Education	640	100	540	360	110	245
13. Education	640	100	540	355	110	250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245	110	140	90	40	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	35	10	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	200	70	130	75	30	50
Humanities	335	120	210	175	75	95
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	25	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	25	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	235	95	140	35	20	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	15	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	10	10	0
54. History	10	10	0	55	40	15
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,050	320	735	415	85	335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	50	125	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	115	150	10	145
22. Legal professions and studies	305	90	215	70	10	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	145	15	125	75	10	70
45. Social sciences	290	155	140	95	50	45
Business, management and public administration	3,115	1,375	1,740	725	195	530
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	15	65	90	30	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,030	1,360	1,680	630	165	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	90	120	145	65	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	15	70	50	15	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	35	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	80	50	25	40	30	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	525	375	150	160	95	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	445	330	110	125	80	45
25. Library science	20	0	15	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	15	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,515	1,340	180	430	385	50
04. Architecture and related services	85	60	20	15	10	10
14. Engineering	595	475	125	60	45	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	265	260	10	80	65	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	205	195	10	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	240	10	110	105	10
48. Precision production	120	110	0	50	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	30	55	140	90	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	10	40	95	50	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	10	50	35	15
Health and related fields	960	235	720	580	110	475
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	50	25	35	20	15
51. Health professions and related programs	850	160	690	530	70	455
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	455	245	210	250	150	100
12. Personal and culinary services	210	40	170	130	55	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	160	125	25	55	35	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	75	10	55	55	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,400	8,075	8,330	10,130	4,610	5,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,875	2,435	2,440	4,980	2,495	2,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,530	5,640	5,885	5,150	2,115	3,040
Location of study inside Canada	10,635	5,175	5,455	4,830	1,960	2,870
Same as province or territory of residence	10,275	4,955	5,320	3,675	1,365	2,310
Different than province or territory of residence	360	220	140	1,150	595	560
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	895	460	430	325	155	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	110	50	60	105	60	40
Philippines	20	10	15	50	15	35
India	0	10	0	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	25	15	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	130	70	60	0	0	0
Other	550	295	255	105	30	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,300	5,405	5,895	6,025	2,780	3,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,160	1,075	1,085	2,560	1,385	1,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,140	4,335	4,810	3,470	1,390	2,075
Location of study inside Canada	8,385	3,965	4,425	3,250	1,315	1,935
Same as province or territory of residence	8,100	3,800	4,300	2,505	935	1,570
Different than province or territory of residence	290	165	125	745	380	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	755	370	385	215	80	135
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	35	40	60	20	40
Philippines	10	0	10	35	15	25
India	0	0	10	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	10	0	0
France	115	60	50	0	10	0
Other	490	250	240	80	20	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,400	8,075	8,330	10,130	4,610	5,525
In the labour force	11,925	6,070	5,850	5,755	2,795	2,965
Employed	11,385	5,780	5,610	5,150	2,455	2,695
Unemployed	540	300	245	610	340	265
Not in the labour force	4,480	2,000	2,475	4,375	1,815	2,565
Participation rate	72.7	75.2	70.2	56.8	60.6	53.7
Employment rate	69.4	71.6	67.3	50.8	53.3	48.8
Unemployment rate	4.5	4.9	4.2	10.6	12.2	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,405	8,075	8,330	10,135	4,605	5,525
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,035	1,785	2,250	4,080	1,680	2,400
Worked	12,365	6,290	6,080	6,050	2,925	3,125
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,565	3,500	3,060	3,080	1,550	1,525
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,800	2,785	3,015	2,970	1,375	1,600
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.1	43.5	41.6	41.6	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,925	6,070	5,850	5,755	2,795	2,960
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	60	60	145	75	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	11,800	6,010	5,790	5,610	2,715	2,890
Employee	10,270	5,115	5,150	5,150	2,465	2,685
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,530	895	640	460	255	205
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,930	6,070	5,855	5,755	2,795	2,965
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	60	60	145	75	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	11,800	6,015	5,790	5,610	2,720	2,890
0 Management occupations	1,975	1,230	740	465	245	220
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,555	830	1,725	695	255	440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,055	820	240	270	225	45
3 Health occupations	735	170	565	465	75	390
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,515	435	1,080	810	255	555
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	360	165	195	125	35	90
6 Sales and service occupations	2,385	1,260	1,125	1,655	715	945
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	915	880	35	605	575	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	50	40	10	115	100	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	250	175	75	405	240	170
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,925	6,075	5,850	5,755	2,790	2,960
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	65	60	145	75	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	11,800	6,010	5,790	5,610	2,720	2,890
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	25	10	80	60	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	10	10	20	15	0
22 Utilities	170	100	75	20	0	10
23 Construction	485	415	70	255	215	35
31-33 Manufacturing	1,210	850	360	580	380	200
41 Wholesale trade	640	425	220	200	145	55
44-45 Retail trade	1,265	615	645	860	375	480
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	505	330	175	210	175	40
51 Information and cultural industries	520	295	225	80	55	25
52 Finance and insurance	915	465	455	125	75	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	255	150	105	55	30	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,160	650	515	255	120	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	355	215	145	230	145	80
61 Educational services	935	180	750	460	165	300
62 Health care and social assistance	1,335	275	1,060	815	150	665
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	280	150	120	125	60	65
72 Accommodation and food services	525	270	260	570	225	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	380	165	210	265	115	145
91 Public administration	785	415	365	410	205	210
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,385	5,775	5,610	5,150	2,450	2,695
Worked at home	955	505	450	295	145	150
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	850	575	270	425	300	130
Worked at usual place	9,555	4,675	4,875	4,410	1,995	2,420
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,555	4,680	4,875	4,410	1,995	2,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	985	460	525	2,940	1,195	1,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,400	625	775	985	520	470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,135	3,575	3,560	420	245	175
Commute to a different province or territory	35	15	15	60	40	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,405	5,255	5,150	4,840	2,295	2,545
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,430	4,400	4,035	3,545	1,745	1,800
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	385	125	255	510	200	310
Public transit	1,320	590	730	40	20	20
Walked	135	60	80	655	275	375
Bicycle	60	40	15	40	30	0
Other method	70	40	30	60	20	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,400	5,255	5,150	4,840	2,295	2,545
Less than 15 minutes	1,870	825	1,045	3,175	1,350	1,830
15 to 29 minutes	3,225	1,585	1,645	930	475	460
30 to 44 minutes	2,590	1,410	1,180	285	175	105
45 to 59 minutes	1,470	835	640	195	140	50
60 minutes and over	1,250	605	640	250	155	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,405	5,255	5,150	4,835	2,295	2,545
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	560	415	140	230	125	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,910	1,110	805	765	350	420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,910	1,790	2,115	1,430	780	645
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,025	900	1,120	1,010	350	660
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	875	375	500	525	210	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,125	665	465	870	480	395
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,625	6,410	6,215	6,255	3,030	3,230
Single responses	11,525	5,760	5,770	6,235	3,010	3,220
Official languages	11,505	5,740	5,760	6,230	3,010	3,220
English	1,635	880	760	6,170	2,995	3,170
French	9,865	4,865	5,005	60	10	50
Non-official languages	25	20	10	0	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	0	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,100	650	445	20	10	0
English and French	1,020	610	415	15	10	10
English and non-official language	25	15	10	0	10	0
French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,630	6,410	6,220	6,255	3,025	3,230
None	6,435	3,100	3,330	6,105	2,965	3,140
English	4,825	2,570	2,260	45	10	35
French	1,240	660	580	100	45	55
Non-official language	75	50	25	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	50	25	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,890	10,410	10,485	11,620	5,365	6,250
Non-movers	19,415	9,710	9,705	9,425	4,260	5,170
Movers	1,480	700	780	2,190	1,110	1,080
Non-migrants	570	275	295	1,330	655	675
Migrants	905	420	485	860	450	410
Internal migrants	835	395	445	800	415	390
Intraprovincial migrants	815	385	430	560	290	270
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	15	240	120	120
External migrants	70	25	45	60	45	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,875	9,870	10,010	11,160	5,125	6,035
Non-movers	13,825	6,920	6,905	6,035	2,745	3,290
Movers	6,050	2,950	3,100	5,130	2,380	2,745
Non-migrants	2,325	1,165	1,160	2,895	1,350	1,545
Migrants	3,725	1,785	1,940	2,230	1,025	1,205
Internal migrants	3,410	1,625	1,790	1,975	900	1,075
Intraprovincial migrants	3,330	1,580	1,755	1,385	625	760
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	35	590	270	315
External migrants	310	155	150	255	130	130

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Candiac, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Truro, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 11, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Candiac, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Candiac, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Candiac, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Truro, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia