Census Profile, 2016 Census
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Dumfries, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			North Dumfries, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : North Dumfries, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	40,745	...	...	10,215	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	40,077	...	...	9,334	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.7	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	19,356	...	...	3,564	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18,623	...	...	3,531	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	380.3	...	...	54.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	107.13	...	...	187.43	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	40,745	19,770	20,970	10,215	5,135	5,080
0 to 14 years	5,515	2,870	2,640	1,910	985	920
0 to 4 years	1,970	1,030	940	545	275	265
5 to 9 years	1,875	975	900	660	365	300
10 to 14 years	1,665	870	800	705	350	355
15 to 64 years	25,545	12,670	12,875	6,835	3,415	3,415
15 to 19 years	1,970	1,000	970	740	375	360
20 to 24 years	2,470	1,260	1,215	605	325	280
25 to 29 years	2,415	1,240	1,175	440	205	235
30 to 34 years	2,170	1,100	1,075	535	260	285
35 to 39 years	2,305	1,170	1,135	635	295	345
40 to 44 years	2,045	1,035	1,010	690	345	345
45 to 49 years	2,335	1,115	1,220	775	380	395
50 to 54 years	3,150	1,525	1,625	895	450	450
55 to 59 years	3,490	1,695	1,800	870	435	435
60 to 64 years	3,180	1,535	1,645	640	350	295
65 years and over	9,685	4,230	5,450	1,465	725	745
65 to 69 years	2,905	1,380	1,525	545	270	275
70 to 74 years	2,475	1,130	1,355	395	195	200
75 to 79 years	1,630	710	920	245	135	115
80 to 84 years	1,265	525	740	155	75	80
85 years and over	1,405	485	920	125	50	75
85 to 89 years	895	340	555	95	35	55
90 to 94 years	395	125	270	25	10	15
95 to 99 years	100	20	80	10	0	5
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.5	14.5	12.6	18.7	19.2	18.1
15 to 64 years	62.7	64.1	61.4	66.9	66.5	67.2
65 years and over	23.8	21.4	26.0	14.3	14.1	14.7
85 years and over	3.4	2.5	4.4	1.2	1.0	1.5
Average age of the population	45.4	43.9	46.8	39.9	39.6	40.1
Median age of the population	48.3	46.0	50.1	41.7	41.6	41.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	18,625	...	...	3,530	...	...
Single-detached house	8,745	...	...	2,965	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,860	...	...	555	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,185	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	365	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,530	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,715	...	...	130	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	18,625	...	...	3,530	...	...
1 person	6,865	...	...	520	...	...
2 persons	6,855	...	...	1,260	...	...
3 persons	2,465	...	...	590	...	...
4 persons	1,655	...	...	700	...	...
5 or more persons	790	...	...	455	...	...
Number of persons in private households	38,910	...	...	10,120	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	35,230	16,900	18,330	8,305	4,145	4,160
Married or living common law	18,820	9,410	9,405	5,650	2,830	2,820
Married	10,405	5,210	5,190	5,005	2,505	2,500
Living common law	8,410	4,200	4,210	645	325	320
Not married and not living common law	16,415	7,490	8,925	2,655	1,315	1,340
Never married	9,910	5,345	4,570	1,875	1,015	860
Separated	540	240	300	160	80	80
Divorced	3,100	1,245	1,850	315	150	165
Widowed	2,855	655	2,205	305	70	235
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	11,270	...	...	3,060	...	...
2 persons	6,810	...	...	1,385	...	...
3 persons	2,305	...	...	625	...	...
4 persons	1,545	...	...	700	...	...
5 or more persons	610	...	...	350	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	11,275	...	...	3,060	...	...
Total couple families	9,100	...	...	2,790	...	...
Married couples	4,895	...	...	2,470	...	...
Common-law couples	4,200	...	...	320	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,170	...	...	275	...	...
Female parent	1,655	...	...	200	...	...
Male parent	515	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,100	...	...	2,790	...	...
Couples without children	5,380	...	...	1,245	...	...
Couples with children	3,720	...	...	1,540	...	...
1 child	1,740	...	...	530	...	...
2 children	1,400	...	...	675	...	...
3 or more children	585	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,170	...	...	275	...	...
1 child	1,430	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	565	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,910	4,265	4,640	795	385	410
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	18,620	...	...	3,535	...	...
One-census-family households	11,010	...	...	2,860	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,270	...	...	1,160	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,740	...	...	1,700	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	130	...	...	100	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,485	...	...	570	...	...
One-person households	6,860	...	...	525	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	620	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	39,670	19,290	20,385	10,210	5,125	5,080
English only	170	105	75	9,670	4,915	4,755
French only	25,025	11,460	13,565	0	0	0
English and French	14,440	7,715	6,725	495	195	295
Neither English nor French	35	10	25	40	10	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	39,670	19,290	20,385	10,205	5,125	5,085
English	1,295	660	630	10,075	5,070	5,005
French	38,150	18,515	19,630	85	40	45
English and French	195	100	95	10	10	5
Neither English nor French	30	10	25	40	10	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,395	710	685	90	45	45
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.5	3.7	3.4	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	39,670	19,285	20,385	10,205	5,125	5,080
Single responses	39,205	19,065	20,145	10,120	5,090	5,030
Official languages	38,640	18,775	19,860	9,160	4,625	4,535
English	1,160	585	575	9,070	4,580	4,485
French	37,480	18,195	19,285	95	45	50
Non-official languages	570	285	280	960	465	490
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	565	290	280	955	470	490
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	65	40	20	15	5
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	60	35	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	65	35	15	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	35	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	290	145	150	875	425	450
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	180	90	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	10	180	85	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	15
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	5	0	5	80	40	40
Russian	15	5	5	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	250	120	130
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	15	10	5	90	35	60
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	10	140	80	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	25	20	5	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	50	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	35	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	5	10	0	20	10	5
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	85	110	370	180	195
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	20	20	50	25	25
Portuguese	15	0	5	270	130	135
Romanian	25	10	15	35	15	20
Spanish	115	45	70	25	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	5	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	15	5	5
Chinese languages	35	20	20	15	10	5
Cantonese	10	5	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	25	10	10
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	20	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	460	225	240	85	30	55
English and French	395	195	200	20	10	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	65	25	40
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	39,675	19,290	20,385	10,210	5,125	5,080
Single responses	39,100	19,000	20,100	10,070	5,055	5,015
Official languages	38,875	18,900	19,980	9,850	4,960	4,890
English	920	470	455	9,830	4,950	4,875
French	37,955	18,430	19,525	15	5	10
Non-official languages	225	100	125	225	95	125
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	100	120	225	100	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	45	60	200	85	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	50	25	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0	15	10	10
Russian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	20	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	50	95	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	75	25	50
Romanian	15	10	10	10	5	5
Spanish	50	20	30	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Chinese languages	25	10	10	5	5	5
Cantonese	10	5	5	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	570	290	280	135	65	70
English and French	405	200	210	10	0	5
English and non-official language	20	15	5	130	65	65
French and non-official language	120	65	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	39,670	19,290	20,385	10,210	5,125	5,080
None	36,770	17,830	18,940	9,595	4,845	4,755
English	2,080	1,060	1,020	110	50	65
French	555	270	285	85	30	50
Non-official language	200	105	95	410	195	205
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	195	100	95	410	200	210
English and French	15	5	10	5	0	0
English and non-official language	50	20	30	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	33,430	16,185	17,240	8,220	4,090	4,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,460	15,755	16,700	7,930	3,955	3,975
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,972	35,842	24,419	45,050	56,602	36,096
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,470	15,755	16,715	7,935	3,960	3,980
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,308	31,686	23,015	39,432	48,067	32,043
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,330	13,805	13,520	7,575	3,835	3,745
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,091	33,586	21,282	42,782	55,264	32,654
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,210	12,105	14,105	5,020	2,215	2,810
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,905	8,469	9,469	4,016	2,592	4,576
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,715	11,595	10,120	6,415	3,350	3,070
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,242	32,560	24,635	43,029	55,253	33,024
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,425	15,715	16,715	7,960	3,970	3,995
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,064	42,636	29,884	56,505	67,386	45,696
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,440	15,715	16,720	7,960	3,965	3,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,654	35,461	26,137	46,055	53,841	38,321
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,350	13,805	13,545	7,650	3,865	3,795
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,619	40,585	26,519	54,290	65,363	43,015
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,170	11,985	14,185	5,010	2,240	2,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,551	9,151	9,889	6,834	6,662	6,972
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,715	11,535	10,180	6,415	3,350	3,070
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,705	38,128	28,692	53,016	62,755	42,398
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,125
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	9,020	4,890	4,130	3,425	1,985	1,435
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,445	49,874	38,295	63,800	69,695	56,914
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,876	55,026	41,603	72,403	80,134	61,706
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.7	83.5	72.4	92.8	95.0	89.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.0	66.2	58.8	74.3	77.2	69.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.3	16.5	27.6	7.3	5.0	11.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,220	4,090	4,130
Without total income	975	430	535	280	135	155
With total income	32,460	15,755	16,705	7,935	3,955	3,980
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.3	96.9	96.5	96.7	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,730	1,510	2,220	915	370	545
$10,000 to $19,999	6,850	2,425	4,425	1,000	380	625
$20,000 to $29,999	5,670	2,430	3,240	885	340	545
$30,000 to $39,999	4,855	2,485	2,370	745	315	435
$40,000 to $49,999	3,895	2,035	1,855	775	340	440
$50,000 to $59,999	2,465	1,475	990	670	355	315
$60,000 to $69,999	1,645	1,015	635	615	350	265
$70,000 to $79,999	1,265	810	460	485	285	195
$80,000 to $89,999	795	575	225	405	240	160
$90,000 to $99,999	450	340	110	355	190	160
$100,000 and over	840	665	175	1,080	785	295
$100,000 to $149,999	660	520	130	695	490	205
$150,000 and over	180	140	45	385	295	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,125
Without after-tax income	955	430	530	285	135	150
With after-tax income	32,470	15,760	16,715	7,935	3,955	3,980
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.3	97.0	96.6	96.7	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,880	1,535	2,350	950	380	570
$10,000 to $19,999	7,200	2,565	4,635	1,055	395	655
$20,000 to $29,999	6,980	3,195	3,785	1,040	400	635
$30,000 to $39,999	5,970	3,115	2,850	975	435	540
$40,000 to $49,999	3,720	2,150	1,575	935	460	470
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,360	830	805	465	345
$60,000 to $69,999	1,320	910	410	615	370	245
$70,000 to $79,999	550	405	145	525	305	220
$80,000 and over	660	520	145	1,045	745	300
$80,000 to $89,999	260	215	45	335	220	115
$90,000 to $99,999	145	120	25	170	115	55
$100,000 and over	255	185	70	540	410	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,130
Without employment income	11,720	4,595	7,120	1,800	740	1,060
With employment income	21,715	11,595	10,120	6,420	3,350	3,065
Percentage with employment income	65.0	71.6	58.7	78.1	81.9	74.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,290	2,005	1,285	780	375	405
$5,000 to $9,999	1,585	645	940	495	210	290
$10,000 to $19,999	3,375	1,380	2,000	695	295	400
$20,000 to $29,999	3,090	1,445	1,645	545	210	335
$30,000 to $39,999	2,900	1,405	1,490	540	210	325
$40,000 to $49,999	2,265	1,225	1,040	530	245	285
$50,000 to $59,999	1,535	930	605	505	285	215
$60,000 to $69,999	1,195	745	455	495	285	205
$70,000 to $79,999	960	615	345	375	225	150
$80,000 and over	1,520	1,200	315	1,465	1,010	460
$80,000 to $89,999	605	455	150	320	200	120
$90,000 to $99,999	340	265	75	315	165	145
$100,000 and over	575	485	95	835	645	190
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	18,620	...	...	3,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,952	...	...	111,078	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,525	...	...	93,978	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,860	...	...	525	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,504	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,926	...	...	40,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	11,760	...	...	3,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,735	...	...	122,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,987	...	...	102,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	18,625	...	...	3,535	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,794	...	...	127,368	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,395	...	...	103,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,865	...	...	525	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,287	...	...	60,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,344	...	...	49,326	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	11,760	...	...	3,005	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,431	...	...	139,092	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,431	...	...	113,384	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	18,625	...	...	3,530	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	370	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	925	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,215	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,215	...	...	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,000	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,075	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,120	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,105	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	975	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,630	...	...	180	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,485	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,190	...	...	195	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	...	...	195	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	930	...	...	205	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,200	...	...	2,015	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,460	...	...	525	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	790	...	...	440	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	680	...	...	540	...	...
$200,000 and over	265	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,625	...	...	3,535	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	370	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	935	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,250	...	...	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,405	...	...	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,175	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,370	...	...	85	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,320	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,215	...	...	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,160	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,910	...	...	250	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,565	...	...	255	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,255	...	...	245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,000	...	...	285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	735	...	...	255	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,810	...	...	1,620	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,055	...	...	620	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	445	...	...	395	...	...
$150,000 and over	315	...	...	610	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	11,315	...	...	2,980	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,000	...	...	121,801	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,124	...	...	101,788	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,165	...	...	1,130	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,115	...	...	102,144	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,302	...	...	86,059	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,745	...	...	1,555	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,112	...	...	144,156	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,418	...	...	120,539	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,110	...	...	235	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,195	...	...	69,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,841	...	...	61,632	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	11,325	...	...	2,975	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,762	...	...	138,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,594	...	...	113,019	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,165	...	...	1,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,883	...	...	114,130	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,588	...	...	93,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,760	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,089	...	...	165,332	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,958	...	...	133,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,090	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,577	...	...	88,731	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,579	...	...	73,677	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,170	3,905	4,270	635	325	310
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,203	29,370	22,835	43,520	48,384	41,088
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,867	26,647	22,076	38,042	41,088	35,840
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,185	3,865	4,320	655	325	335
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,483	36,414	28,965	56,966	63,147	51,049
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,937	30,465	25,675	46,680	50,257	43,257
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	38,910	19,045	19,870	10,125	5,075	5,050
In the bottom half of the distribution	25,410	12,060	13,350	2,740	1,325	1,415
In the bottom decile	4,345	1,980	2,360	285	140	145
In the second decile	5,200	2,230	2,975	320	145	180
In the third decile	5,570	2,720	2,845	435	215	225
In the fourth decile	5,465	2,705	2,760	730	360	370
In the fifth decile	4,835	2,425	2,405	960	470	490
In the top half of the distribution	13,500	6,980	6,520	7,385	3,745	3,640
In the sixth decile	4,205	2,120	2,085	1,050	530	520
In the seventh decile	3,590	1,855	1,735	1,260	625	635
In the eighth decile	2,805	1,475	1,325	1,525	785	740
In the ninth decile	1,900	1,020	885	1,735	870	865
In the top decile	1,005	510	490	1,815	935	885
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	38,910	19,040	19,870	10,120	5,070	5,050
0 to 17 years	6,545	3,390	3,155	2,355	1,215	1,140
0 to 5 years	2,355	1,235	1,120	675	345	325
18 to 64 years	24,215	11,960	12,250	6,315	3,145	3,170
65 years and over	8,155	3,690	4,465	1,450	710	740
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,910	2,935	3,970	420	200	220
0 to 17 years	1,285	655	635	85	45	45
0 to 5 years	445	210	235	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	3,955	1,765	2,190	245	120	125
65 years and over	1,670	520	1,150	85	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.8	15.4	20.0	4.2	3.9	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.6	19.3	20.1	3.6	3.7	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	18.9	17.0	21.0	3.7	4.3	3.1
18 to 64 years (%)	16.3	14.8	17.9	3.9	3.8	3.9
65 years and over (%)	20.5	14.1	25.8	5.9	4.9	6.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,460	1,645	1,815	170	85	85
0 to 17 years	595	305	295	30	10	20
0 to 5 years	220	105	110	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	2,660	1,265	1,395	120	65	60
65 years and over	205	75	125	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.9	8.6	9.1	1.7	1.7	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.1	9.0	9.4	1.3	0.8	1.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.3	8.5	9.8	1.5	1.4	1.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	10.6	11.4	1.9	2.1	1.9
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.0	2.8	1.4	0.7	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	38,910	19,040	19,870	10,125	5,075	5,050
Official languages	38,850	19,030	19,820	10,085	5,065	5,020
English	14,470	7,725	6,745	10,085	5,065	5,015
French	38,680	18,935	19,740	460	175	285
Non-official languages	1,420	700	720	1,200	560	645
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,420	700	720	1,200	560	640
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	135	110	10	10	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	135	100	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	230	130	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	0	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	955	470	480	1,110	525	585
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	180	85	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	175	80	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	15	10	0	50	25	25
Russian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	10	85	40	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	50	45	310	135	170
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dutch	30	20	10	120	45	80
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	30	35	180	95	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	30	20	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	75	45	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	65	40	25
Bengali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	10	10	10
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	405	415	555	260	295
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	55	60	70	35	35
Portuguese	25	15	10	370	190	180
Romanian	50	30	20	35	10	25
Spanish	665	310	350	115	50	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	10	25	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	20	15	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	20	40	10	0	0
Chinese languages	55	25	35	10	0	0
Cantonese	35	0	30	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	35	10	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	35	10	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	38,910	19,045	19,870	10,120	5,070	5,050
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	38,585	18,885	19,700	9,870	4,965	4,905
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,545	3,435	3,110	2,310	1,185	1,125
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,035	15,445	16,590	7,555	3,780	3,780
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	325	155	170	250	110	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	38,910	19,040	19,870	10,120	5,075	5,050
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	37,870	18,565	19,310	8,885	4,475	4,410
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	950	435	515	1,215	595	620
Before 1981	330	140	185	705	345	355
1981 to 1990	150	80	65	200	105	95
1991 to 2000	140	45	95	125	55	65
2001 to 2010	240	125	120	175	80	95
2001 to 2005	140	65	75	115	55	65
2006 to 2010	105	60	45	60	30	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	90	40	50	15	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	40	45	20	0	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	950	440	515	1,215	595	620
Under 5 years	165	70	95	165	85	75
5 to 14 years	175	80	95	325	160	170
15 to 24 years	195	85	110	285	160	125
25 to 44 years	365	185	180	390	160	225
45 years and over	45	10	35	45	30	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	950	435	515	1,220	595	625
Americas	190	50	140	145	45	95
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	20	0	15	10	10	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	20	75	85	25	65
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	25	20	0	15
Europe	390	210	185	960	495	470
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	150	90	55	10	10	0
Germany	25	10	25	65	30	30
Greece	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italy	25	15	15	35	25	10
Netherlands	30	15	20	90	30	60
Poland	0	0	10	40	30	10
Portugal	10	0	10	235	125	105
Romania	45	35	15	35	10	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	320	175	145
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	25	55	25	25
Africa	215	115	95	10	10	0
Algeria	35	20	15	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	35	30	10	0	10
Asia	150	55	90	80	40	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	30	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	15	10	15	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	40	50	15	10	10
Americas	10	0	10	0	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	25	20	10	10	0	10
France	20	20	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	30	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	38,910	19,045	19,870	10,125	5,070	5,050
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,070	485	585	1,285	635	655
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,240	595	645	2,030	1,035	995
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	36,605	17,965	18,645	6,810	3,405	3,405
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	630	295	335	530	255	275
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	275	155	115	270	145	125
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	100	30	115	90	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	145	60	80	155	55	100
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	295	105	190	210	95	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	25	25	50	20	30
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	38,910	19,045	19,870	10,120	5,070	5,045
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	460	215	245	175	75	95
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	400	200	200	165	70	90
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	180	90	90	140	60	80
Métis	215	110	105	25	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	10	20	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	38,455	18,830	19,625	9,950	5,000	4,955
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	38,910	19,045	19,870	10,120	5,070	5,045
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	155	50	110	65	30	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	38,755	18,990	19,760	10,055	5,040	5,015
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	38,915	19,040	19,870	10,120	5,070	5,050
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	395	185	210	20	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	390	185	210	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	330	170	155	15	0	15
Métis single ancestry	55	15	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,265	625	645	295	135	160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,230	610	625	285	140	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,030	510	525	270	125	140
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	95	100	15	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	15	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	37,250	18,235	19,020	9,810	4,930	4,875
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	38,910	19,045	19,870	10,120	5,070	5,045
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	670	330	340	315	175	145
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	15	135	85	50
Chinese	70	25	50	20	15	10
Black	185	95	90	70	35	35
Filipino	20	10	10	10	0	0
Latin American	85	35	50	15	0	15
Arab	190	115	80	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	55	25	30	0	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	0	10
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	30	20	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	15	0	15	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	38,240	18,710	19,530	9,800	4,900	4,900
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	38,915	19,040	19,870	10,125	5,070	5,045
North American Aboriginal origins	1,660	805	850	315	145	170
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,400	695	705	295	125	165
Inuit	15	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	285	125	170	25	10	15
Other North American origins	30,650	14,955	15,695	3,110	1,615	1,495
Acadian	195	105	95	20	10	10
American	285	105	180	105	50	55
Canadian	29,525	14,445	15,075	3,050	1,585	1,465
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	15	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Québécois	1,120	530	590	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	12,665	6,195	6,475	8,495	4,210	4,285
British Isles origins	3,325	1,620	1,705	5,505	2,775	2,735
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	840	415	430	3,175	1,615	1,555
Irish	2,105	1,005	1,100	2,150	1,015	1,135
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	855	410	445	2,715	1,315	1,405
Welsh	20	10	15	265	160	110
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	10	10	365	190	180
French origins	9,390	4,605	4,790	985	410	570
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	105	30	80	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,335	4,595	4,740	975	410	570
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,115	495	620	3,250	1,625	1,625
Austrian	15	10	10	95	50	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	190	95	105	70	30	35
Dutch	170	60	110	940	420	515
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	685	300	385	2,370	1,230	1,145
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	110	55	50	75	60	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	35	20	20	270	135	135
Danish	10	10	0	105	45	60
Finnish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	85	50	30
Swedish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	10	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	330	170	165	1,170	515	650
Bulgarian	10	0	10	15	0	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	0	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	65	40	30	175	75	105
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	55	60	470	220	255
Romanian	75	45	30	150	60	95
Russian	75	15	55	65	35	30
Slovak	0	0	0	95	40	55
Ukrainian	15	10	15	225	115	110
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	975	495	475	1,365	685	680
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	55	55	25	20	10
Italian	675	340	330	395	225	165
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Maltese	10	0	0	30	15	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	100	50	45	645	295	350
Serbian	0	0	10	95	55	40
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Spanish	120	65	55	90	25	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	50	20	25	35	25	10
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	10	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	10	20	30	15	10
Caribbean origins	130	70	60	80	45	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	10	0	0
Dominican	25	15	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	20	0	35	25	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	20	15	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	145	50	90	40	10	30
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	10	0	10
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	40	15	25	10	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	360	165	190	35	10	20
Central and West African origins	45	20	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	275	145	130	15	0	10
Algerian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	20	10	10	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	150	75	75	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	0	35	15	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	15	0	10	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asian origins	280	125	160	290	150	140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	85	45	40	55	20	35
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	30	0	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	20	10	0	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	30	10	20	140	90	50
Bangladeshi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	15	15	95	60	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	0	20	20	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	70	40	30
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	160	60	100	95	40	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	95	30	60	55	35	25
Filipino	20	10	15	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	18,625	...	...	3,530	...	...
Owner	10,695	...	...	3,150	...	...
Renter	7,925	...	...	380	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	18,625	...	...	3,535	...	...
Condominium	1,230	...	...	175	...	...
Not condominium	17,390	...	...	3,360	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	18,620	...	...	3,530	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,065	...	...	95	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,420	...	...	415	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,175	...	...	1,645	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,925	...	...	1,370	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	18,620	...	...	3,530	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,665	...	...	195	...	...
5 rooms	3,435	...	...	330	...	...
6 rooms	2,270	...	...	495	...	...
7 rooms	2,195	...	...	510	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,060	...	...	2,005	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	8.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	18,620	...	...	3,530	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,545	...	...	3,510	...	...
More than 1 person per room	75	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	18,620	...	...	3,535	...	...
Suitable	18,130	...	...	3,435	...	...
Not suitable	490	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	18,625	...	...	3,530	...	...
1960 or before	5,930	...	...	795	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,330	...	...	650	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,680	...	...	650	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,270	...	...	715	...	...
2001 to 2005	455	...	...	260	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,000	...	...	160	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	955	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	18,620	...	...	3,535	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	17,430	...	...	3,405	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,195	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	18,620	...	...	3,530	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,300	...	...	1,535	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,165	...	...	1,955	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	160	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	18,620	...	...	3,530	...	...
15 to 24 years	705	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,255	...	...	390	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,585	...	...	595	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,220	...	...	865	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,285	...	...	810	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,430	...	...	545	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,660	...	...	245	...	...
85 years and over	485	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,580	...	...	3,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,165	...	...	3,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,415	...	...	400	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,170	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,665	...	...	3,090	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.3	...	...	60.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.4	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	944	...	...	1,386	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	990	...	...	1,488	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,015	...	...	450,089	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	222,440	...	...	529,577	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,930	...	...	380	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.8	...	...	25.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	644	...	...	1,001	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	677	...	...	1,089	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	33,430	16,185	17,240	8,215	4,085	4,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,570	4,780	4,785	1,385	705	680
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,885	3,710	4,175	2,290	1,165	1,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,980	7,700	8,280	4,540	2,225	2,315
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,135	4,180	2,960	685	540	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,175	2,590	2,580	240	160	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,965	1,590	375	450	380	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,190	2,005	3,190	1,975	865	1,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	810	290	525	180	85	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,840	1,225	1,615	1,695	740	960
Bachelor's degree	2,010	815	1,190	1,155	485	670
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	120	185	135	45	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	25	40	25	15
Master's degree	440	235	200	300	140	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	30	10	65	35	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	20,925	10,325	10,600	5,455	2,670	2,790
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,270	2,360	1,910	555	305	245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,885	2,460	2,425	1,330	680	655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,775	5,505	6,270	3,575	1,690	1,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,435	3,065	2,370	475	375	100
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,980	1,895	2,090	180	120	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,450	1,175	280	295	255	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,675	1,375	2,295	1,670	730	940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	570	225	350	125	60	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,095	835	1,260	1,305	520	780
Bachelor's degree	1,560	615	940	865	350	520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	180	50	130	105	35	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	0	20	25	15	15
Master's degree	305	155	155	260	105	155
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	45	15	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	33,430	16,190	17,245	8,220	4,085	4,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,450	8,490	8,960	3,675	1,870	1,810
Education	1,390	360	1,025	290	55	230
13. Education	1,390	360	1,030	290	60	230
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	125	205	155	55	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	85	20	25	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	230	45	185	135	40	90
Humanities	760	325	435	200	100	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	10	25	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	560	245	315	35	15	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	25	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	30	35	30	15	10
54. History	30	15	10	60	40	15
55. French language and literature/letters	55	0	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,030	270	760	520	130	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	25	60	40	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	25	385	100	0	100
22. Legal professions and studies	175	65	110	80	10	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	30	10	0	10
42. Psychology	135	40	95	100	35	65
45. Social sciences	175	105	70	185	70	115
Business, management and public administration	3,090	850	2,240	780	240	540
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	40	140	65	0	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,905	805	2,100	710	235	480
Physical and life sciences and technologies	400	240	160	165	85	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	35	35	70	55	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	15	35	10	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	15	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	110	30	30	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	50	40	25	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	355	210	145	115	75	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	315	180	130	80	50	30
25. Library science	20	20	0	15	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,305	4,075	225	1,155	1,075	75
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	35	15	25
14. Engineering	265	250	15	150	130	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	835	750	90	240	230	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,085	1,080	10	175	160	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,220	1,185	35	285	285	0
48. Precision production	845	785	60	265	255	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	330	170	160	205	135	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	280	130	145	155	100	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	50	40	15
Health and related fields	2,350	310	2,040	660	95	565
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	35	25	100	30	65
51. Health professions and related programs	2,280	270	2,010	545	55	490
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	20	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,635	755	880	295	170	125
12. Personal and culinary services	1,035	235	805	110	15	95
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	205	175	30	130	100	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	385	340	40	45	45	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	20,925	10,325	10,600	5,460	2,670	2,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,150	4,815	4,330	1,885	980	905
Education	860	195	660	230	35	195
13. Education	860	200	660	230	35	195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	85	155	135	35	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	65	15	20	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	155	25	135	110	25	90
Humanities	410	145	265	150	65	85
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	290	105	185	25	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	25	15	15
54. History	25	15	15	40	25	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	785	175	615	405	95	305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	25	55	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	335	15	325	75	0	80
22. Legal professions and studies	130	40	90	70	0	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	10	0	10
42. Psychology	90	25	70	75	20	50
45. Social sciences	130	70	60	140	55	80
Business, management and public administration	2,360	595	1,770	640	185	460
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	120	10	105	50	0	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,240	585	1,655	590	175	415
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	180	110	110	65	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	25	50	45	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	10	30	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	95	25	20	10	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	35	35	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	190	110	105	75	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	175	100	70	50	20
25. Library science	15	15	0	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,170	2,975	200	900	835	65
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	25	35	15	25
14. Engineering	210	195	15	105	85	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	630	550	85	205	200	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	710	700	0	130	120	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	940	910	30	230	230	0
48. Precision production	640	595	45	200	190	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	255	145	115	155	95	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	110	105	120	75	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	35	10	35	20	15
Health and related fields	1,825	220	1,605	510	70	440
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	35	25	85	25	55
51. Health professions and related programs	1,765	190	1,575	415	35	380
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,270	605	665	235	135	105
12. Personal and culinary services	800	190	610	90	15	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	165	145	20	115	85	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	270	35	40	35	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,455	8,490	8,955	3,680	1,870	1,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,980	7,695	8,280	4,540	2,220	2,315
Location of study inside Canada	15,700	7,540	8,160	4,150	2,035	2,115
Same as province or territory of residence	15,390	7,350	8,040	3,965	1,955	2,010
Different than province or territory of residence	310	185	125	185	75	110
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	280	160	120	390	185	200
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	15	30	145	65	80
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	100	70	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	105	70	30	0	0	0
Other	125	75	50	125	40	85
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	20,925	10,320	10,600	5,455	2,670	2,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,150	4,815	4,330	1,885	980	900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,775	5,505	6,270	3,570	1,690	1,885
Location of study inside Canada	11,565	5,395	6,170	3,285	1,565	1,725
Same as province or territory of residence	11,390	5,300	6,090	3,155	1,520	1,635
Different than province or territory of residence	175	95	75	125	40	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	215	110	100	290	125	165
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	15	115	50	65
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	60	35	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	80	45	30	0	0	0
Other	105	55	50	95	30	65
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,130
In the labour force	19,530	10,095	9,435	5,980	3,125	2,855
Employed	17,915	9,090	8,820	5,680	3,010	2,670
Unemployed	1,615	1,005	615	305	120	185
Not in the labour force	13,900	6,095	7,805	2,235	960	1,275
Participation rate	58.4	62.4	54.7	72.8	76.4	69.1
Employment rate	53.6	56.1	51.2	69.1	73.6	64.6
Unemployment rate	8.3	10.0	6.5	5.1	3.8	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	33,430	16,190	17,240	8,215	4,090	4,130
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,515	5,880	7,635	2,045	855	1,190
Worked	19,915	10,310	9,610	6,170	3,235	2,940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,215	5,025	4,190	3,515	2,055	1,455
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	10,705	5,285	5,420	2,660	1,185	1,480
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.4	42.6	43.9	44.4	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	19,530	10,095	9,435	5,985	3,130	2,855
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	375	330	55	20	35
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	18,830	9,720	9,110	5,925	3,110	2,820
Employee	16,940	8,635	8,305	5,095	2,590	2,505
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,885	1,090	800	830	520	310
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	19,530	10,095	9,435	5,985	3,125	2,855
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	375	330	55	20	40
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	18,825	9,725	9,105	5,925	3,110	2,815
0 Management occupations	1,405	850	555	810	565	245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,430	605	1,825	925	220	710
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	760	605	150	480	340	135
3 Health occupations	1,610	190	1,420	350	70	275
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,125	520	1,605	725	180	550
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	280	135	150	150	55	100
6 Sales and service occupations	4,665	1,890	2,775	990	390	590
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,715	3,500	220	980	920	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	180	70	185	130	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,595	1,240	350	335	240	95
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	19,530	10,095	9,430	5,985	3,125	2,850
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	370	330	60	20	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	18,830	9,725	9,105	5,925	3,110	2,820
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	145	110	185	135	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	45	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	205	170	35	25	15	0
23 Construction	1,275	1,145	130	525	450	70
31-33 Manufacturing	2,735	2,180	555	945	665	280
41 Wholesale trade	695	490	205	290	205	85
44-45 Retail trade	2,680	1,140	1,545	550	265	280
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,310	995	320	290	195	95
51 Information and cultural industries	150	85	60	105	65	45
52 Finance and insurance	375	75	300	285	115	165
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	115	60	55	20	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	705	355	350	370	190	180
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	775	510	265	230	100	130
61 Educational services	1,125	370	755	570	110	455
62 Health care and social assistance	2,995	395	2,600	535	95	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	145	140	100	50	50
72 Accommodation and food services	1,260	450	805	265	95	170
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,025	500	525	225	130	100
91 Public administration	740	410	335	375	185	190
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	17,915	9,090	8,820	5,680	3,005	2,675
Worked at home	800	345	455	465	220	240
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	30	20	10
No fixed workplace address	1,475	1,200	275	515	400	120
Worked at usual place	15,625	7,535	8,095	4,665	2,370	2,295
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,625	7,535	8,095	4,665	2,370	2,300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,535	4,205	5,330	710	350	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	685	375	305	2,655	1,255	1,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,340	2,910	2,430	1,275	745	530
Commute to a different province or territory	70	45	20	25	15	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	17,105	8,735	8,365	5,185	2,765	2,420
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,055	7,785	7,275	4,700	2,530	2,165
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	670	345	325	245	105	140
Public transit	165	65	100	30	20	10
Walked	880	355	525	160	75	85
Bicycle	150	115	40	15	15	0
Other method	180	70	110	35	20	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	17,100	8,735	8,365	5,185	2,765	2,420
Less than 15 minutes	7,745	3,375	4,365	1,055	530	530
15 to 29 minutes	5,180	2,750	2,430	2,165	1,095	1,075
30 to 44 minutes	2,135	1,230	905	1,205	620	585
45 to 59 minutes	1,095	715	380	400	265	135
60 minutes and over	950	665	285	365	260	105
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	17,100	8,735	8,365	5,185	2,765	2,420
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,560	1,135	430	460	335	125
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,325	2,230	1,090	1,015	715	305
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,050	2,450	2,600	1,485	685	800
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,755	925	1,825	960	405	555
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,430	460	970	505	185	315
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,985	1,535	1,455	755	440	315
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	20,495	10,615	9,880	6,335	3,320	3,015
Single responses	19,670	10,090	9,580	6,325	3,320	3,010
Official languages	19,660	10,085	9,570	6,305	3,305	3,000
English	645	345	300	6,290	3,300	2,990
French	19,010	9,745	9,260	15	0	15
Non-official languages	15	0	10	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	20	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	825	525	305	10	0	0
English and French	805	520	285	10	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	20,495	10,615	9,880	6,335	3,320	3,015
None	15,065	7,915	7,155	6,175	3,235	2,940
English	4,870	2,380	2,490	15	10	0
French	485	265	215	65	25	40
Non-official language	45	40	10	75	45	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	50	40	10	80	50	30
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	38,490	18,825	19,665	10,000	5,045	4,955
Non-movers	33,670	16,450	17,220	9,285	4,685	4,600
Movers	4,825	2,375	2,450	705	360	350
Non-migrants	3,440	1,685	1,750	280	130	150
Migrants	1,390	690	695	425	230	200
Internal migrants	1,365	680	685	430	230	200
Intraprovincial migrants	1,305	640	665	415	220	195
Interprovincial migrants	60	40	15	15	0	0
External migrants	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	36,945	18,040	18,900	9,525	4,815	4,710
Non-movers	22,880	11,140	11,740	6,575	3,305	3,270
Movers	14,065	6,900	7,165	2,950	1,505	1,440
Non-migrants	9,645	4,915	4,735	1,215	605	610
Migrants	4,415	1,985	2,430	1,735	900	830
Internal migrants	4,285	1,940	2,345	1,680	885	795
Intraprovincial migrants	4,135	1,885	2,250	1,620	855	765
Interprovincial migrants	150	55	95	55	25	25
External migrants	130	45	85	55	20	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Dumfries, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Dumfries, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Dumfries, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and North Dumfries, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario