Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sainte-Thérèse, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Yarmouth, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sainte-Thérèse, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Yarmouth, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Sainte-Thérèse, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Sainte-Thérèse, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Yarmouth, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	25,989	...	...	6,518	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	26,025	...	...	6,761	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.1	...	...	-3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	12,566	...	...	3,470	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	12,170	...	...	3,116	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,741.5	...	...	616.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.48	...	...	10.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	25,990	12,360	13,630	6,520	2,920	3,595
0 to 14 years	3,150	1,620	1,540	885	440	450
0 to 4 years	1,030	545	490	305	150	150
5 to 9 years	1,065	550	515	295	140	155
10 to 14 years	1,060	525	535	295	150	145
15 to 64 years	16,530	8,130	8,405	4,005	1,845	2,160
15 to 19 years	1,285	685	605	365	180	185
20 to 24 years	1,835	920	915	390	180	210
25 to 29 years	1,795	925	870	315	155	165
30 to 34 years	1,505	800	705	320	145	175
35 to 39 years	1,390	715	675	340	155	185
40 to 44 years	1,375	650	730	340	135	210
45 to 49 years	1,565	735	830	425	195	225
50 to 54 years	1,915	895	1,020	520	245	270
55 to 59 years	2,070	985	1,075	510	235	275
60 to 64 years	1,805	825	975	470	220	250
65 years and over	6,305	2,605	3,695	1,630	640	990
65 to 69 years	1,660	720	945	430	190	245
70 to 74 years	1,540	690	850	355	150	200
75 to 79 years	1,120	470	655	290	120	170
80 to 84 years	950	405	550	230	85	145
85 years and over	1,025	330	695	320	95	235
85 to 89 years	675	250	425	170	50	120
90 to 94 years	280	70	215	110	35	75
95 to 99 years	60	15	45	40	10	25
100 years and over	10	0	10	5	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.1	13.1	11.3	13.6	15.1	12.5
15 to 64 years	63.6	65.8	61.7	61.4	63.2	60.1
65 years and over	24.3	21.1	27.1	25.0	21.9	27.5
85 years and over	3.9	2.7	5.1	4.9	3.3	6.5
Average age of the population	45.6	43.5	47.4	46.0	44.1	47.6
Median age of the population	47.1	44.0	49.7	48.6	47.1	49.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
Single-detached house	3,575	...	...	1,410	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	495	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,095	...	...	1,670	...	...
Semi-detached house	400	...	...	365	...	...
Row house	225	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	945	...	...	190	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,490	...	...	975	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
1 person	4,755	...	...	1,285	...	...
2 persons	4,565	...	...	1,080	...	...
3 persons	1,490	...	...	415	...	...
4 persons	920	...	...	220	...	...
5 or more persons	440	...	...	120	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,380	...	...	6,205	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	22,835	10,740	12,095	5,630	2,480	3,150
Married or living common law	11,215	5,580	5,635	2,555	1,280	1,275
Married	6,300	3,145	3,155	2,035	1,025	1,015
Living common law	4,920	2,435	2,480	515	260	260
Not married and not living common law	11,620	5,160	6,460	3,075	1,200	1,875
Never married	7,060	3,780	3,280	1,655	810	845
Separated	400	195	205	245	90	150
Divorced	2,275	810	1,460	535	180	355
Widowed	1,885	375	1,510	640	120	515
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,890	...	...	1,745	...	...
2 persons	4,315	...	...	1,095	...	...
3 persons	1,335	...	...	385	...	...
4 persons	895	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	340	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,890	...	...	1,745	...	...
Total couple families	5,295	...	...	1,245	...	...
Married couples	2,840	...	...	990	...	...
Common-law couples	2,455	...	...	255	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,595	...	...	500	...	...
Female parent	1,200	...	...	435	...	...
Male parent	390	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,295	...	...	1,245	...	...
Couples without children	3,220	...	...	800	...	...
Couples with children	2,075	...	...	445	...	...
1 child	940	...	...	235	...	...
2 children	805	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more children	330	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,595	...	...	500	...	...
1 child	1,090	...	...	300	...	...
2 children	395	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,345	3,045	3,300	1,685	685	1,000
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
One-census-family households	6,780	...	...	1,665	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,175	...	...	765	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,610	...	...	895	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	50	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,335	...	...	1,410	...	...
One-person households	4,755	...	...	1,285	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	575	...	...	130	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	25,750	12,300	13,450	6,290	2,835	3,460
English only	170	85	85	5,260	2,420	2,840
French only	12,810	5,480	7,330	10	5	5
English and French	12,715	6,710	6,005	1,005	405	605
Neither English nor French	60	25	25	10	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	25,750	12,300	13,445	6,295	2,830	3,460
English	975	495	480	5,830	2,645	3,185
French	24,385	11,600	12,785	445	180	265
English and French	340	180	160	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	55	25	25	10	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,140	585	560	450	185	270
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.4	4.8	4.2	7.1	6.5	7.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	25,750	12,300	13,450	6,290	2,835	3,460
Single responses	25,360	12,110	13,250	6,220	2,800	3,420
Official languages	24,010	11,440	12,570	6,070	2,735	3,340
English	710	375	340	5,590	2,545	3,040
French	23,295	11,060	12,235	485	190	295
Non-official languages	1,355	670	680	150	65	85
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,340	665	675	145	65	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	210	110	95	5	5	0
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	195	100	90	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	195	105	90	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	15	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	10	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	875	445	430	75	35	40
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	25	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	10	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	70	30	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	5	25	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	695	355	340	20	5	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	185	95	90	5	0	0
Portuguese	240	125	115	5	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	225	115	115	10	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	15	35	15	5	10
Chinese languages	55	20	30	15	10	10
Cantonese	20	5	10	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	10	25	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	190	200	75	30	40
English and French	240	115	130	45	20	25
English and non-official language	35	25	20	20	10	10
French and non-official language	95	50	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	25,750	12,300	13,450	6,290	2,830	3,460
Single responses	25,115	12,005	13,110	6,235	2,810	3,425
Official languages	24,585	11,750	12,840	6,160	2,770	3,390
English	760	400	360	6,040	2,725	3,315
French	23,830	11,345	12,480	120	45	75
Non-official languages	530	260	265	75	40	35
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	530	260	265	75	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	45	35	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	45	30	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	15	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	170	175	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	15	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	10	5	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	135	145	0	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	115	60	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	15	5	10
Chinese languages	35	15	25	15	5	5
Cantonese	10	5	5	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	635	295	335	60	25	35
English and French	280	140	140	30	10	20
English and non-official language	25	15	15	25	10	15
French and non-official language	250	110	140	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	30	55	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	25,750	12,305	13,450	6,295	2,835	3,460
None	22,765	10,790	11,975	5,895	2,670	3,225
English	1,800	915	885	105	45	60
French	525	275	250	240	95	145
Non-official language	550	280	270	55	20	30
Aboriginal	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	545	280	270	55	25	30
English and French	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	30	40	5	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,230	10,230	11,005	5,325	2,360	2,965
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,610	9,920	10,690	5,140	2,270	2,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,843	38,198	27,965	23,872	28,328	21,472
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,610	9,925	10,690	5,145	2,270	2,875
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,200	33,235	25,569	22,710	26,259	20,634
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,305	9,040	9,265	4,060	1,900	2,160
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,293	35,139	24,306	22,246	26,990	18,923
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,355	7,400	8,955	4,250	1,770	2,480
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,499	6,496	8,194	8,950	8,731	9,202
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,845	7,630	7,215	3,265	1,565	1,700
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,888	33,702	26,633	22,458	25,824	19,315
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	21,235	10,225	11,005	5,325	2,360	2,965
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,620	9,975	10,640	5,130	2,275	2,855
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,835	46,545	35,484	31,474	35,256	28,459
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,620	9,975	10,645	5,130	2,275	2,855
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,682	37,636	29,977	27,304	29,995	25,159
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,280	9,100	9,185	4,085	1,890	2,195
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,348	44,515	32,241	29,607	33,579	26,192
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,340	7,405	8,935	4,255	1,780	2,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,615	8,010	9,117	9,522	9,451	9,573
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,845	7,635	7,210	3,265	1,530	1,735
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,828	42,254	33,143	29,121	32,682	25,972
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	21,230	10,225	11,005	5,320	2,355	2,965
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,260	3,345	2,910	1,385	665	715
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,505	47,909	40,814	36,183	39,493	35,395
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,834	57,394	47,590	42,573	45,345	40,016
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.5	87.5	78.4	75.5	80.6	70.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.9	69.7	63.5	58.9	62.9	54.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.5	12.5	21.6	24.4	19.4	29.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	21,235	10,225	11,005	5,325	2,360	2,965
Without total income	625	305	315	185	90	90
With total income	20,610	9,920	10,685	5,140	2,270	2,870
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.0	97.1	96.5	96.2	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,210	995	1,215	730	285	450
$10,000 to $19,999	3,980	1,500	2,480	1,360	480	875
$20,000 to $29,999	3,350	1,385	1,970	1,050	430	625
$30,000 to $39,999	2,890	1,370	1,520	660	345	320
$40,000 to $49,999	2,460	1,220	1,240	425	215	210
$50,000 to $59,999	1,755	930	820	275	150	125
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	665	460	170	95	75
$70,000 to $79,999	890	520	370	155	80	70
$80,000 to $89,999	565	360	210	95	45	50
$90,000 to $99,999	375	250	125	75	40	35
$100,000 and over	1,020	740	280	140	105	40
$100,000 to $149,999	685	490	190	110	80	30
$150,000 and over	330	245	90	35	25	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,230	10,225	11,005	5,325	2,355	2,965
Without after-tax income	620	305	310	180	90	90
With after-tax income	20,610	9,920	10,690	5,145	2,270	2,875
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.0	97.1	96.6	96.4	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,340	1,020	1,320	745	285	460
$10,000 to $19,999	4,180	1,590	2,585	1,450	530	925
$20,000 to $29,999	4,055	1,725	2,330	1,205	530	670
$30,000 to $39,999	3,765	1,855	1,905	735	370	365
$40,000 to $49,999	2,505	1,340	1,165	385	200	180
$50,000 to $59,999	1,495	865	630	240	125	120
$60,000 to $69,999	935	590	345	175	90	85
$70,000 to $79,999	480	310	170	80	50	35
$80,000 and over	860	620	240	125	90	35
$80,000 to $89,999	270	195	75	50	40	10
$90,000 to $99,999	195	145	55	30	20	5
$100,000 and over	395	290	110	45	30	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	21,230	10,225	11,005	5,325	2,355	2,965
Without employment income	6,390	2,595	3,795	2,060	795	1,270
With employment income	14,845	7,635	7,210	3,265	1,565	1,700
Percentage with employment income	69.9	74.7	65.5	61.3	66.5	57.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,935	1,065	870	500	215	285
$5,000 to $9,999	1,175	520	660	355	140	215
$10,000 to $19,999	2,380	1,050	1,330	625	250	370
$20,000 to $29,999	1,950	855	1,090	560	275	285
$30,000 to $39,999	1,895	900	990	395	215	175
$40,000 to $49,999	1,490	735	755	260	135	120
$50,000 to $59,999	1,095	605	490	160	95	65
$60,000 to $69,999	785	465	315	115	65	45
$70,000 to $79,999	715	430	285	105	50	50
$80,000 and over	1,420	1,005	415	195	115	75
$80,000 to $89,999	395	250	145	65	30	35
$90,000 to $99,999	290	210	80	40	20	25
$100,000 and over	725	540	195	85	65	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	12,170	...	...	3,120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,016	...	...	37,967	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,174	...	...	35,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,755	...	...	1,285	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,661	...	...	22,214	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,140	...	...	21,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,415	...	...	1,835	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,695	...	...	54,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,658	...	...	49,934	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,177	...	...	51,819	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,071	...	...	44,955	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,765	...	...	1,285	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,653	...	...	30,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,413	...	...	26,186	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,405	...	...	1,835	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,829	...	...	66,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,945	...	...	58,062	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	12,170	...	...	3,120	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	195	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	440	...	...	195	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	700	...	...	350	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	720	...	...	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	580	...	...	220	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	675	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	775	...	...	190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	700	...	...	165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	670	...	...	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,205	...	...	240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	970	...	...	185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	860	...	...	150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	525	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,365	...	...	375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	915	...	...	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	550	...	...	95	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	510	...	...	80	...	...
$200,000 and over	400	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	445	...	...	200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	760	...	...	360	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	810	...	...	295	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	710	...	...	255	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	920	...	...	270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	920	...	...	225	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	825	...	...	185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	785	...	...	160	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340	...	...	260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,070	...	...	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	780	...	...	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	580	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	460	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,435	...	...	230	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	670	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	335	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 and over	430	...	...	55	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,960	...	...	1,740	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,882	...	...	54,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,460	...	...	49,306	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,125	...	...	750	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,478	...	...	55,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,072	...	...	49,600	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,090	...	...	450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,432	...	...	83,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,871	...	...	74,496	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,565	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,250	...	...	34,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,608	...	...	32,384	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,945	...	...	1,740	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,278	...	...	66,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,859	...	...	57,610	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,125	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,559	...	...	61,775	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,727	...	...	53,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,070	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,562	...	...	98,511	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,103	...	...	83,087	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,575	...	...	475	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,159	...	...	40,029	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,234	...	...	37,093	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,895	2,835	3,060	1,550	630	920
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,821	33,189	27,669	21,998	24,021	21,397
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,076	29,303	25,600	21,248	22,656	20,754
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,950	2,880	3,070	1,540	645	900
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,111	38,701	33,683	29,635	30,417	29,076
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,516	32,218	28,920	25,796	26,145	25,546
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	24,380	11,845	12,540	6,205	2,795	3,410
In the bottom half of the distribution	14,810	6,915	7,895	4,595	2,000	2,595
In the bottom decile	2,515	1,180	1,340	1,295	510	780
In the second decile	2,950	1,260	1,695	1,310	545	770
In the third decile	3,170	1,460	1,710	835	400	435
In the fourth decile	3,120	1,525	1,600	605	285	325
In the fifth decile	3,045	1,500	1,545	545	260	280
In the top half of the distribution	9,575	4,930	4,650	1,610	795	815
In the sixth decile	2,475	1,290	1,185	505	240	265
In the seventh decile	2,160	1,105	1,055	375	180	200
In the eighth decile	2,010	1,035	975	275	140	140
In the ninth decile	1,555	795	755	260	130	130
In the top decile	1,380	710	670	190	105	85
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	24,385	11,840	12,540	6,200	2,795	3,405
0 to 17 years	3,855	1,990	1,865	1,090	540	550
0 to 5 years	1,240	645	595	360	180	185
18 to 64 years	15,745	7,715	8,020	3,710	1,685	2,020
65 years and over	4,785	2,135	2,655	1,410	570	835
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,830	1,670	2,155	2,045	805	1,245
0 to 17 years	685	355	335	540	275	265
0 to 5 years	210	110	100	200	100	100
18 to 64 years	2,335	1,070	1,270	1,080	395	685
65 years and over	805	245	560	430	135	290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.7	14.1	17.2	33.0	28.8	36.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	17.8	18.0	49.5	50.9	48.2
0 to 5 years (%)	16.9	17.1	16.8	55.6	55.6	54.1
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.9	15.8	29.1	23.4	33.9
65 years and over (%)	16.8	11.5	21.1	30.5	23.7	34.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,135	1,425	1,705	835	340	500
0 to 17 years	470	250	220	220	110	110
0 to 5 years	155	80	70	90	45	45
18 to 64 years	2,125	1,020	1,105	580	220	360
65 years and over	540	160	380	30	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.9	12.0	13.6	13.5	12.2	14.7
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2	12.6	11.8	20.2	20.4	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	12.4	11.8	25.0	25.0	24.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.5	13.2	13.8	15.6	13.1	17.8
65 years and over (%)	11.3	7.5	14.3	2.1	2.6	3.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	24,385	11,840	12,540	6,205	2,830	3,375
Official languages	24,300	11,815	12,490	6,195	2,820	3,370
English	12,485	6,490	5,995	6,185	2,815	3,370
French	24,210	11,760	12,455	1,015	430	580
Non-official languages	2,665	1,310	1,350	240	95	145
Aboriginal languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,645	1,305	1,335	235	95	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	435	250	185	10	0	10
Berber languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	25	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	235	170	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	405	235	170	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	30	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	15	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	175	80	95	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	80	95	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,800	840	955	110	45	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	55	55	0	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	50	50	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	35	85	20	0	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	15	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	30	60	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	10	40	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	35	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,530	710	820	45	15	25
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	350	175	175	0	0	0
Portuguese	340	180	160	10	0	10
Romanian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Spanish	800	325	470	30	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	20	10	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	30	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	55	40	35	10	25
Chinese languages	95	50	40	30	15	20
Cantonese	15	10	0	20	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	45	35	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10	20	0	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	15	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	24,385	11,845	12,540	6,205	2,830	3,375
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	23,930	11,605	12,325	6,065	2,770	3,290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,770	1,900	1,870	1,060	575	485
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	20,160	9,700	10,460	5,005	2,200	2,805
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	455	240	215	145	60	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	24,385	11,845	12,540	6,205	2,830	3,375
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	22,615	10,910	11,705	5,850	2,675	3,175
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,725	905	820	345	150	195
Before 1981	465	255	210	115	50	65
1981 to 1990	245	140	105	35	10	25
1991 to 2000	195	100	95	15	10	15
2001 to 2010	585	280	305	125	60	60
2001 to 2005	265	135	130	80	40	40
2006 to 2010	320	145	175	45	20	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	235	135	100	50	25	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	40	25	15	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,730	905	815	340	150	195
Under 5 years	200	90	105	35	25	15
5 to 14 years	310	195	120	70	35	35
15 to 24 years	395	220	175	65	10	50
25 to 44 years	730	355	380	135	55	80
45 years and over	95	55	35	30	25	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,725	910	815	345	150	190
Americas	315	150	165	110	50	60
Brazil	35	25	10	0	0	10
Colombia	10	0	10	10	0	0
El Salvador	35	25	15	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	115	35	75	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	35	15	25	10	10	0
Peru	0	10	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	10	80	45	40
Other places of birth in Americas	55	30	30	0	0	0
Europe	755	380	380	95	30	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	210	100	110	10	10	10
Germany	10	10	0	10	0	10
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italy	105	50	55	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	10	10	0	0
Poland	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portugal	155	85	75	0	0	0
Romania	85	45	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	0	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	0	50	15	30
Other places of birth in Europe	90	60	35	0	0	0
Africa	410	245	165	25	0	15
Algeria	105	65	40	0	0	0
Egypt	50	30	20	0	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	125	70	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	125	75	45	0	0	0
Asia	245	135	110	95	45	50
Afghanistan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	75	30	50	20	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	10	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	70	45	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	235	135	95	50	25	30
Americas	65	40	30	10	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	35	40	15	10	10
France	50	20	30	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	20	10	0	0	0
Africa	80	55	25	15	10	10
Algeria	40	35	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	25	15	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	10	0	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	24,385	11,845	12,540	6,200	2,825	3,375
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,820	965	850	365	155	205
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,625	835	790	365	205	160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,940	10,045	10,900	5,475	2,465	3,010
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,290	665	615	230	105	125
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	725	380	350	125	55	70
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	310	170	140	45	25	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	420	205	205	85	35	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	340	165	175	90	30	60
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	205	125	85	15	15	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	24,385	11,845	12,535	6,205	2,825	3,375
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	305	135	170	1,040	505	525
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	275	130	150	1,010	500	510
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	140	70	70	80	40	45
Métis	110	55	55	925	460	470
Inuk (Inuit)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	0	25	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	24,080	11,710	12,370	5,165	2,320	2,850
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	24,380	11,845	12,535	6,200	2,825	3,375
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	60	25	35	135	75	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	24,320	11,820	12,505	6,070	2,760	3,310
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	24,385	11,845	12,540	6,205	2,830	3,375
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	220	85	130	180	90	90
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	215	85	130	165	85	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	165	60	110	25	25	10
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	135	55	80
Inuit single ancestry	30	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	860	405	460	1,070	480	595
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	845	400	450	1,010	460	550
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	725	330	395	290	140	150
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	60	45	720	320	400
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	10	65	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	23,305	11,355	11,950	4,955	2,265	2,690
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	24,385	11,840	12,540	6,205	2,825	3,375
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,360	720	640	455	235	220
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	45	30	15
Chinese	110	50	55	45	15	35
Black	520	280	240	285	155	130
Filipino	10	0	10	0	0	10
Latin American	170	85	85	20	10	10
Arab	335	180	160	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	120	65	50	40	20	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	15	0	0	10	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	23,025	11,125	11,900	5,750	2,595	3,155
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	24,385	11,840	12,540	6,205	2,830	3,370
North American Aboriginal origins	1,075	485	590	1,250	565	690
First Nations (North American Indian)	900	390	510	380	180	200
Inuit	55	20	35	15	0	10
Métis	135	80	55	920	395	525
Other North American origins	16,525	7,940	8,585	3,585	1,600	1,985
Acadian	130	70	55	440	205	235
American	140	70	70	50	30	20
Canadian	15,500	7,415	8,080	3,200	1,405	1,805
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	945	490	460	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	9,920	4,745	5,175	3,720	1,675	2,050
British Isles origins	2,230	1,025	1,205	2,770	1,260	1,510
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	545	260	290	1,715	775	940
Irish	1,450	665	790	890	375	510
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	580	240	345	990	480	510
Welsh	35	10	20	55	20	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	10	95	20	80
French origins	6,565	3,180	3,385	1,605	695	910
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	30	20	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,535	3,165	3,375	1,600	690	910
Western European origins (except French origins)	860	375	485	480	240	245
Austrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	275	95	180	30	15	20
Dutch	60	35	25	125	60	65
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	490	230	260	330	165	165
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	60	20	35	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	60	40	20	80	45	35
Danish	10	10	10	0	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	30	10	50	30	15
Swedish	10	0	0	15	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	400	205	190	100	55	45
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	20	0	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	40	10	25
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	65	30	45	15	25
Romanian	120	55	65	10	10	0
Russian	60	15	40	15	15	0
Slovak	20	25	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	45	45	15	15	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,750	865	885	85	25	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	15	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	90	45	40	0	0	0
Italian	1,040	475	565	35	0	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	440	220	215	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	200	115	85	20	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	95	45	55	40	20	25
Basque	35	20	20	0	0	0
Jewish	30	20	10	35	15	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	10	20	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	330	165	170	25	20	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian	260	115	140	10	0	0
Jamaican	40	20	20	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	335	185	140	30	10	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	30	30	0	0	0
Chilean	65	40	30	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	25	30	10	10	10
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	45	30	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	630	370	260	180	85	95
Central and West African origins	130	85	40	20	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	400	235	160	15	10	15
Algerian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Berber	55	35	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	100	60	35	0	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	135	75	60	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	10	15	0	10
Southern and East African origins	45	25	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	30	35	145	65	75
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	25	30	120	60	60
Asian origins	610	300	305	185	95	90
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	295	155	140	50	35	10
Afghan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	90	60	30	40	30	10
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	15	45	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	15	30	45	30	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	10	25	10	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	15	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	290	135	155	95	30	65
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese	150	65	85	50	10	40
Filipino	15	10	15	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	40	20	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	20	20	0
Australian	0	0	0	20	20	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
Owner	5,920	...	...	1,345	...	...
Renter	6,255	...	...	1,775	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	12,170	...	...	3,120	...	...
Condominium	2,375	...	...	120	...	...
Not condominium	9,790	...	...	2,995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	12,170	...	...	3,120	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	2,015	...	...	600	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,200	...	...	990	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,305	...	...	1,010	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,615	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	12,170	...	...	3,120	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,100	...	...	975	...	...
5 rooms	2,065	...	...	555	...	...
6 rooms	880	...	...	545	...	...
7 rooms	845	...	...	375	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,280	...	...	665	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,130	...	...	3,105	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	12,170	...	...	3,120	...	...
Suitable	11,895	...	...	3,020	...	...
Not suitable	270	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
1960 or before	1,980	...	...	1,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,370	...	...	765	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,420	...	...	360	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,395	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	790	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	805	...	...	60	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	405	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	11,510	...	...	2,805	...	...
Major repairs needed	665	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,140	...	...	2,250	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,840	...	...	820	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	185	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	12,170	...	...	3,115	...	...
15 to 24 years	580	...	...	185	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,800	...	...	350	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,735	...	...	435	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,225	...	...	565	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,555	...	...	585	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,995	...	...	520	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,045	...	...	325	...	...
85 years and over	240	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	12,160	...	...	3,110	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,070	...	...	2,135	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,090	...	...	975	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,805	...	...	900	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,915	...	...	1,340	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.7	...	...	50.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.8	...	...	14.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,061	...	...	752	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,131	...	...	892	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	263,777	...	...	129,822	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	294,053	...	...	147,674	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,255	...	...	1,775	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.4	...	...	23.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.4	...	...	43.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	763	...	...	660	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	798	...	...	688	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	21,230	10,230	11,005	5,320	2,360	2,965
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,410	2,165	2,245	1,590	765	820
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,875	2,295	2,580	1,265	560	705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,950	5,765	6,185	2,470	1,035	1,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,835	2,195	1,645	395	210	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,735	1,365	1,370	280	110	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,105	825	280	110	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,700	1,565	2,135	1,305	480	825
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	820	285	535	120	25	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,595	1,725	1,870	655	315	345
Bachelor's degree	2,480	1,155	1,320	450	195	260
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	150	155	35	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	55	45	30	25	10
Master's degree	625	315	305	145	75	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	55	30	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	13,335	6,500	6,835	3,150	1,400	1,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,970	1,040	925	635	380	260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,645	1,275	1,375	715	320	390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,720	4,180	4,535	1,800	700	1,100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,885	1,655	1,235	270	125	135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,110	1,065	1,050	175	50	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	775	595	185	95	80	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,520	1,050	1,470	970	340	625
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	565	195	370	60	0	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,740	1,280	1,460	505	230	275
Bachelor's degree	1,910	905	1,005	340	140	205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	225	85	135	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	35	45	25	25	0
Master's degree	485	230	250	115	60	55
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	21,235	10,225	11,005	5,325	2,355	2,965
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,285	4,465	4,820	2,850	1,325	1,525
Education	915	195	720	155	35	120
13. Education	910	190	715	160	35	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	590	255	335	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	75	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	485	175	310	10	0	10
Humanities	705	305	405	110	55	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	10	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	375	185	195	25	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	20	10	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	15	45	35	15
54. History	55	30	25	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	95	30	65	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	920	240	675	190	80	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	15	70	15	15	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	10	190	85	10	75
22. Legal professions and studies	180	55	125	15	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	0	0	10
42. Psychology	150	25	130	30	15	15
45. Social sciences	255	125	125	45	30	15
Business, management and public administration	2,895	1,095	1,800	610	165	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	10	95	70	25	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,795	1,085	1,710	540	135	405
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	255	160	45	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	70	60	20	15	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	40	35	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	85	55	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	85	25	15	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	440	280	160	100	60	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	360	235	125	75	55	20
25. Library science	45	10	35	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,440	2,205	235	425	385	40
04. Architecture and related services	75	60	15	10	0	0
14. Engineering	390	335	55	35	30	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	540	460	75	85	60	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	580	550	30	115	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	495	460	30	130	130	0
48. Precision production	370	345	25	45	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	70	95	30	15	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	50	85	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	0	15	10	10
Health and related fields	1,370	325	1,045	595	100	495
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	80	45	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,220	235	985	575	90	485
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,080	535	545	210	105	105
12. Personal and culinary services	545	110	435	125	40	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	10	0	10
43. Security and protective services	270	205	65	20	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	260	210	50	50	50	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	13,335	6,500	6,835	3,150	1,400	1,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,615	2,315	2,300	1,355	700	655
Education	575	90	485	110	30	80
13. Education	575	95	485	110	30	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	175	250	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	20	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	360	125	235	10	0	0
Humanities	430	170	265	80	40	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	0	70	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	115	115	15	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	40	20	10
54. History	25	10	15	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	70	20	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	680	170	515	135	35	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	10	50	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	10	145	75	10	75
22. Legal professions and studies	145	45	100	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	10	0	0
42. Psychology	115	20	95	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	180	85	100	35	20	15
Business, management and public administration	2,085	775	1,305	460	120	335
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	70	60	25	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,995	765	1,230	395	100	295
Physical and life sciences and technologies	275	165	110	15	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	60	55	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	65	25	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	380	230	150	80	45	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	310	195	115	55	35	20
25. Library science	45	10	30	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,870	1,660	215	285	255	30
04. Architecture and related services	60	55	0	10	0	0
14. Engineering	300	245	55	0	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	415	345	70	50	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	450	425	25	85	85	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	360	330	25	95	100	0
48. Precision production	285	260	30	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	65	80	30	15	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	45	75	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	0	15	10	10
Health and related fields	1,025	250	780	445	80	360
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	70	35	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	900	170	735	425	70	350
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	815	435	380	160	65	95
12. Personal and culinary services	390	80	305	120	30	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	200	170	35	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	175	40	25	30	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	21,230	10,230	11,005	5,320	2,355	2,965
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,285	4,460	4,820	2,850	1,325	1,525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,950	5,765	6,185	2,475	1,035	1,440
Location of study inside Canada	11,445	5,490	5,955	2,280	940	1,335
Same as province or territory of residence	11,175	5,350	5,825	1,870	695	1,175
Different than province or territory of residence	270	140	130	410	240	165
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	505	270	230	195	95	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	25	15	85	40	45
Philippines	10	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	20	10	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	25	15	0	0	0
France	115	75	40	10	0	0
Other	275	135	145	65	35	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	13,330	6,495	6,840	3,150	1,400	1,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,615	2,315	2,300	1,355	700	650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,715	4,180	4,535	1,795	700	1,100
Location of study inside Canada	8,305	3,980	4,325	1,675	655	1,020
Same as province or territory of residence	8,135	3,910	4,225	1,375	475	900
Different than province or territory of residence	175	75	95	295	175	120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	410	195	215	125	45	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	25	15	40	15	30
Philippines	0	0	10	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	15	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	15	10	0	10
France	85	50	30	0	0	0
Other	235	100	135	50	30	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	21,235	10,225	11,005	5,320	2,360	2,965
In the labour force	13,455	6,865	6,590	2,970	1,380	1,590
Employed	12,580	6,355	6,225	2,620	1,175	1,450
Unemployed	875	510	365	350	205	145
Not in the labour force	7,780	3,365	4,415	2,355	980	1,375
Participation rate	63.4	67.1	59.9	55.8	58.5	53.6
Employment rate	59.2	62.2	56.6	49.2	49.8	48.9
Unemployment rate	6.5	7.4	5.5	11.8	14.9	9.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	21,235	10,225	11,005	5,325	2,360	2,965
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,315	3,105	4,210	2,220	890	1,330
Worked	13,920	7,120	6,795	3,100	1,465	1,635
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,340	3,405	2,930	1,425	695	730
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,575	3,715	3,865	1,675	775	905
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.5	43.0	40.6	39.4	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	13,455	6,865	6,590	2,970	1,380	1,590
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	310	170	140	75	45	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,145	6,695	6,450	2,895	1,340	1,560
Employee	11,675	5,820	5,855	2,655	1,185	1,465
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,475	880	595	240	145	90
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	13,455	6,860	6,590	2,970	1,380	1,590
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	310	165	135	75	45	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,145	6,695	6,450	2,895	1,335	1,560
0 Management occupations	1,410	875	540	210	85	125
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,115	610	1,510	330	85	245
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	835	670	165	115	100	15
3 Health occupations	840	185	655	275	75	200
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,365	400	965	385	115	270
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	495	240	255	45	10	35
6 Sales and service occupations	3,380	1,505	1,880	945	325	620
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,825	1,680	145	240	230	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	125	95	35	185	180	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	745	445	300	165	125	40
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	13,455	6,865	6,590	2,970	1,380	1,590
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	310	170	140	75	45	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,145	6,695	6,450	2,900	1,335	1,565
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	80	40	35	155	155	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	110	45	60	0	10	0
23 Construction	1,065	915	150	90	85	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,755	1,200	560	260	180	85
41 Wholesale trade	535	345	190	65	50	15
44-45 Retail trade	1,995	940	1,060	585	235	350
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	570	385	185	85	65	25
51 Information and cultural industries	265	155	110	60	30	30
52 Finance and insurance	410	165	240	60	20	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	205	110	90	35	15	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	800	420	385	135	90	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	585	325	255	80	55	25
61 Educational services	1,050	335	715	155	30	125
62 Health care and social assistance	1,435	230	1,200	505	110	395
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	320	185	130	60	25	30
72 Accommodation and food services	795	330	465	310	70	240
81 Other services (except public administration)	540	220	325	95	30	65
91 Public administration	630	345	285	150	75	75
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	12,580	6,355	6,225	2,620	1,170	1,445
Worked at home	690	345	345	55	35	15
Worked outside Canada	30	30	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,235	905	330	295	250	45
Worked at usual place	10,625	5,075	5,550	2,260	880	1,385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,620	5,075	5,545	2,265	880	1,380
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,880	795	1,085	1,715	600	1,115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,320	1,060	1,260	420	220	195
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,400	3,205	3,195	110	45	65
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	10	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,855	5,980	5,875	2,565	1,130	1,430
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,635	4,950	4,685	1,935	845	1,090
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	320	130	195	290	140	145
Public transit	1,010	465	545	25	10	10
Walked	670	275	400	275	115	160
Bicycle	125	95	30	0	0	0
Other method	90	70	25	35	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,860	5,985	5,880	2,560	1,135	1,425
Less than 15 minutes	3,310	1,530	1,785	1,935	765	1,170
15 to 29 minutes	3,750	1,760	1,990	365	195	175
30 to 44 minutes	2,345	1,370	985	170	120	50
45 to 59 minutes	1,015	550	470	30	20	15
60 minutes and over	1,435	775	655	55	35	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,860	5,980	5,880	2,560	1,130	1,430
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,275	915	360	110	50	60
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,355	1,365	995	340	150	185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,000	1,285	1,710	710	345	365
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,985	805	1,180	640	225	415
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,275	500	775	310	125	190
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,970	1,110	855	445	235	215
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	14,295	7,315	6,980	3,200	1,510	1,695
Single responses	13,340	6,820	6,520	3,180	1,500	1,680
Official languages	13,315	6,805	6,515	3,185	1,500	1,680
English	825	525	300	3,160	1,485	1,675
French	12,490	6,275	6,215	25	15	0
Non-official languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	950	495	460	20	10	15
English and French	925	480	440	20	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	14,300	7,315	6,980	3,205	1,505	1,695
None	9,290	4,670	4,620	3,000	1,440	1,560
English	4,195	2,155	2,045	10	10	0
French	710	440	275	175	60	120
Non-official language	65	25	40	15	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	60	25	40	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	20	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	24,170	11,705	12,470	6,140	2,800	3,340
Non-movers	20,385	9,850	10,535	4,985	2,210	2,770
Movers	3,790	1,860	1,930	1,155	585	570
Non-migrants	1,450	700	755	755	375	375
Migrants	2,340	1,160	1,185	405	210	190
Internal migrants	2,285	1,125	1,165	380	200	180
Intraprovincial migrants	2,245	1,095	1,155	210	100	105
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	10	170	95	75
External migrants	50	35	15	20	15	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	23,320	11,250	12,070	5,900	2,665	3,240
Non-movers	13,160	6,250	6,910	3,135	1,435	1,700
Movers	10,160	5,000	5,160	2,765	1,230	1,540
Non-migrants	3,690	1,730	1,955	1,720	715	1,000
Migrants	6,470	3,270	3,200	1,050	515	535
Internal migrants	6,210	3,115	3,090	970	480	490
Intraprovincial migrants	6,130	3,075	3,060	585	280	305
Interprovincial migrants	75	40	35	385	200	185
External migrants	265	155	110	80	35	45

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sainte-Thérèse, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Yarmouth, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sainte-Thérèse, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Yarmouth, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sainte-Thérèse, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Yarmouth, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sainte-Thérèse, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Yarmouth, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia