Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mercier, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Jérôme, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Mercier, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Mercier, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	74,346	...	...	13,115	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	68,456	...	...	11,584	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.6	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,316	...	...	4,932	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	33,642	...	...	4,839	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	822.1	...	...	284.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	90.44	...	...	46.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	74,345	35,925	38,420	13,115	6,500	6,615
0 to 14 years	11,045	5,660	5,395	2,685	1,365	1,320
0 to 4 years	3,825	1,940	1,880	900	470	435
5 to 9 years	3,810	1,950	1,860	930	480	450
10 to 14 years	3,415	1,760	1,655	855	415	440
15 to 64 years	47,500	23,480	24,015	8,685	4,315	4,375
15 to 19 years	3,805	1,895	1,910	880	485	395
20 to 24 years	4,770	2,435	2,335	775	400	375
25 to 29 years	4,655	2,375	2,285	640	285	355
30 to 34 years	4,365	2,245	2,115	845	430	415
35 to 39 years	4,460	2,260	2,200	1,045	500	545
40 to 44 years	4,210	2,060	2,155	925	460	465
45 to 49 years	4,440	2,170	2,275	945	465	480
50 to 54 years	5,680	2,750	2,935	975	510	465
55 to 59 years	5,885	2,855	3,030	980	450	530
60 to 64 years	5,235	2,445	2,795	680	330	350
65 years and over	15,795	6,785	9,010	1,735	825	915
65 to 69 years	4,680	2,115	2,565	595	275	315
70 to 74 years	4,010	1,820	2,190	505	235	270
75 to 79 years	2,950	1,305	1,645	335	165	170
80 to 84 years	2,125	910	1,205	180	85	90
85 years and over	2,035	625	1,405	125	55	70
85 to 89 years	1,300	445	855	100	45	55
90 to 94 years	610	135	475	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	115	45	65	5	0	5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.8	14.0	20.5	21.0	20.0
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.4	62.5	66.2	66.4	66.1
65 years and over	21.2	18.9	23.5	13.2	12.7	13.8
85 years and over	2.7	1.7	3.7	1.0	0.8	1.1
Average age of the population	43.5	42.1	44.9	38.1	37.5	38.7
Median age of the population	44.9	42.6	46.8	38.5	37.9	39.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
Single-detached house	12,970	...	...	3,670	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,165	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,500	...	...	1,170	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,450	...	...	325	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,920	...	...	155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,365	...	...	560	...	...
Other single-attached house	210	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
1 person	12,255	...	...	870	...	...
2 persons	12,155	...	...	1,710	...	...
3 persons	4,475	...	...	900	...	...
4 persons	3,220	...	...	930	...	...
5 or more persons	1,535	...	...	430	...	...
Number of persons in private households	71,225	...	...	13,060	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	63,300	30,270	33,025	10,430	5,135	5,295
Married or living common law	33,155	16,620	16,540	6,810	3,400	3,415
Married	17,410	8,770	8,640	3,900	1,945	1,950
Living common law	15,750	7,845	7,900	2,915	1,450	1,460
Not married and not living common law	30,140	13,655	16,490	3,620	1,740	1,880
Never married	18,635	9,995	8,635	2,615	1,415	1,205
Separated	1,045	450	590	115	45	60
Divorced	5,875	2,130	3,745	510	190	320
Widowed	4,590	1,075	3,515	380	85	295
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,290	...	...	3,930	...	...
2 persons	11,860	...	...	1,770	...	...
3 persons	4,210	...	...	880	...	...
4 persons	3,000	...	...	930	...	...
5 or more persons	1,225	...	...	350	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,290	...	...	3,930	...	...
Total couple families	16,100	...	...	3,385	...	...
Married couples	8,280	...	...	1,925	...	...
Common-law couples	7,815	...	...	1,455	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,195	...	...	545	...	...
Female parent	3,170	...	...	400	...	...
Male parent	1,020	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,100	...	...	3,380	...	...
Couples without children	9,175	...	...	1,480	...	...
Couples with children	6,920	...	...	1,900	...	...
1 child	3,050	...	...	690	...	...
2 children	2,725	...	...	875	...	...
3 or more children	1,140	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,190	...	...	545	...	...
1 child	2,685	...	...	290	...	...
2 children	1,155	...	...	195	...	...
3 or more children	350	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,385	7,710	8,675	1,290	585	705
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	33,640	...	...	4,835	...	...
One-census-family households	19,810	...	...	3,840	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,985	...	...	1,445	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,825	...	...	2,395	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	240	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,595	...	...	960	...	...
One-person households	12,255	...	...	865	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,340	...	...	90	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	72,845	35,215	37,625	13,115	6,505	6,615
English only	195	100	90	285	140	145
French only	46,055	20,755	25,295	5,875	2,685	3,185
English and French	26,380	14,240	12,135	6,925	3,660	3,265
Neither English nor French	220	115	105	30	10	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	72,845	35,215	37,630	13,115	6,500	6,615
English	1,330	700	630	1,025	520	500
French	70,800	34,160	36,640	11,820	5,845	5,975
English and French	500	245	250	240	125	115
Neither English nor French	215	110	105	30	10	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,580	820	760	1,145	580	560
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.2	2.3	2.0	8.7	8.9	8.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	72,845	35,215	37,630	13,115	6,500	6,615
Single responses	72,075	34,825	37,250	12,885	6,385	6,490
Official languages	69,815	33,730	36,090	12,180	6,035	6,150
English	1,090	580	510	820	420	395
French	68,725	33,140	35,585	11,365	5,610	5,755
Non-official languages	2,260	1,100	1,160	705	355	345
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,250	1,095	1,155	700	360	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	150	125	80	45	35
Berber languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
Kabyle	15	10	10	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	135	115	60	30	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	245	135	110	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	25	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	15	5	5
Vietnamese	30	15	15	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	15	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	50	45	40	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	45	35	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,520	725	795	450	235	215
Albanian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	50	70	115	60	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	50	70	120	60	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	25	10	10	20	10	10
Russian	50	20	30	75	40	40
Serbian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	20	15	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	15	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	60	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	115	55	60	10	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	100	50	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,085	510	575	275	145	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	60	50	70	40	30
Portuguese	100	60	45	30	15	15
Romanian	35	15	20	60	35	25
Spanish	840	370	465	115	55	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	135	65	70	55	25	35
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	10	10	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	10	5	5	5
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	40	15	10	5
Chinese languages	80	40	40	15	5	5
Cantonese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	25	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	5	0	5
Lao	15	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	765	390	380	235	110	120
English and French	485	230	255	140	60	80
English and non-official language	50	25	20	10	5	5
French and non-official language	195	110	90	70	35	30
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	72,840	35,220	37,630	13,115	6,505	6,615
Single responses	71,690	34,640	37,050	12,790	6,340	6,450
Official languages	70,585	34,120	36,465	12,480	6,195	6,285
English	860	465	395	900	460	435
French	69,720	33,655	36,065	11,580	5,735	5,845
Non-official languages	1,105	520	585	310	150	165
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,105	520	585	310	145	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	60	60	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	65	60	25	10	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	5	15	10	5
Vietnamese	10	10	5	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	785	360	425	225	105	115
Albanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	90	40	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	85	45	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	10	65	30	35
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	45	55	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	55	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	585	265	325	125	60	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	15	5	5
Portuguese	20	10	10	5	5	5
Romanian	15	10	10	45	20	25
Spanish	525	235	295	60	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	25	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	35	25	10	5	0
Chinese languages	55	35	25	10	5	0
Cantonese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,155	575	580	325	160	165
English and French	530	275	255	145	65	80
English and non-official language	45	15	30	30	15	15
French and non-official language	500	245	255	105	50	50
English, French and non-official language	85	45	45	40	25	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	72,840	35,220	37,625	13,115	6,500	6,615
None	67,620	32,510	35,110	11,475	5,660	5,810
English	3,405	1,810	1,600	940	485	455
French	900	435	465	395	210	190
Non-official language	750	370	380	230	110	115
Aboriginal	10	0	5	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	740	365	375	225	110	120
English and French	35	15	20	20	10	15
English and non-official language	90	50	40	25	10	15
French and non-official language	50	30	15	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,375	5,120	5,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,500	28,190	30,310	9,940	4,885	5,050
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,960	35,838	25,384	39,559	46,630	33,235
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,510	28,190	30,320	9,945	4,890	5,055
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,225	31,650	23,792	34,350	39,150	29,858
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,260	24,940	25,320	9,215	4,635	4,580
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,046	33,473	21,882	35,857	43,886	28,944
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,075	21,450	25,630	7,130	3,095	4,030
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,411	7,649	8,999	6,784	5,424	7,472
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,335	20,815	19,515	7,835	4,000	3,835
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,713	33,638	24,655	37,782	45,617	31,733
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	60,215	28,980	31,230	10,370	5,125	5,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,630	28,230	30,395	9,935	4,885	5,050
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,538	42,226	31,256	45,920	53,619	38,476
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,635	28,235	30,400	9,945	4,880	5,060
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,847	34,793	27,182	37,499	42,840	32,344
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,360	24,960	25,400	9,200	4,635	4,565
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,911	40,414	27,520	43,205	51,504	34,777
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,220	21,430	25,785	7,025	3,010	4,015
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,201	8,557	9,736	8,380	7,706	8,885
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,335	20,855	19,480	7,835	4,025	3,805
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,809	39,544	29,739	43,058	50,287	35,419
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	60,210	28,980	31,235	10,375	5,120	5,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,085	9,330	7,755	3,945	2,195	1,755
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,678	47,632	38,545	50,580	57,084	42,600
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,519	53,789	42,177	57,124	64,792	47,518
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.0	84.8	73.9	86.6	90.7	81.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.4	68.9	61.0	74.1	76.6	70.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.0	15.2	26.1	13.4	9.4	18.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	60,210	28,980	31,235	10,370	5,120	5,250
Without total income	1,715	795	925	435	230	200
With total income	58,495	28,185	30,310	9,935	4,890	5,050
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.3	97.0	95.8	95.5	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,830	2,920	3,910	1,055	410	645
$10,000 to $19,999	12,305	4,670	7,635	1,380	515	865
$20,000 to $29,999	10,145	4,280	5,870	1,355	560	795
$30,000 to $39,999	8,255	3,925	4,330	1,235	555	680
$40,000 to $49,999	6,800	3,400	3,400	1,240	580	660
$50,000 to $59,999	4,785	2,770	2,015	1,040	570	470
$60,000 to $69,999	2,985	1,855	1,135	780	450	325
$70,000 to $79,999	2,430	1,495	930	610	385	220
$80,000 to $89,999	1,395	945	455	410	235	180
$90,000 to $99,999	855	620	235	265	185	75
$100,000 and over	1,700	1,315	385	565	435	130
$100,000 to $149,999	1,265	960	300	440	340	95
$150,000 and over	440	350	85	125	100	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,375	5,120	5,255
Without after-tax income	1,700	785	915	430	230	195
With after-tax income	58,510	28,190	30,320	9,945	4,890	5,055
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.3	97.1	95.9	95.5	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,110	2,975	4,140	1,100	420	675
$10,000 to $19,999	12,980	4,995	7,980	1,495	560	935
$20,000 to $29,999	12,170	5,280	6,890	1,615	690	930
$30,000 to $39,999	10,270	5,105	5,165	1,760	830	925
$40,000 to $49,999	7,100	4,000	3,100	1,465	780	685
$50,000 to $59,999	4,100	2,510	1,590	1,065	645	420
$60,000 to $69,999	2,405	1,545	860	660	390	270
$70,000 to $79,999	1,035	745	290	345	235	105
$80,000 and over	1,345	1,035	315	445	340	105
$80,000 to $89,999	540	400	135	180	135	45
$90,000 to $99,999	240	190	50	90	70	15
$100,000 and over	575	440	130	180	130	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,370	5,120	5,255
Without employment income	19,880	8,165	11,715	2,545	1,125	1,425
With employment income	40,335	20,815	19,520	7,830	4,000	3,830
Percentage with employment income	67.0	71.8	62.5	75.5	78.1	72.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,625	2,990	2,635	865	440	425
$5,000 to $9,999	3,185	1,325	1,855	540	205	335
$10,000 to $19,999	6,485	2,735	3,750	960	395	565
$20,000 to $29,999	5,495	2,470	3,030	865	350	515
$30,000 to $39,999	5,355	2,540	2,815	910	365	540
$40,000 to $49,999	4,105	2,140	1,965	900	425	475
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	1,840	1,245	735	425	315
$60,000 to $69,999	2,125	1,345	775	585	365	220
$70,000 to $79,999	1,915	1,175	740	510	320	195
$80,000 and over	2,955	2,250	700	960	715	250
$80,000 to $89,999	1,065	760	300	330	215	115
$90,000 to $99,999	660	510	155	200	150	45
$100,000 and over	1,225	985	245	430	345	90
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	33,640	...	...	4,835	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,454	...	...	83,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,871	...	...	70,491	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,255	...	...	870	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,115	...	...	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,276	...	...	33,390	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,385	...	...	3,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,553	...	...	94,442	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,547	...	...	79,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	33,640	...	...	4,835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,678	...	...	94,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,762	...	...	77,066	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,240	...	...	865	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,247	...	...	44,153	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,283	...	...	36,409	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,395	...	...	3,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,517	...	...	105,252	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,768	...	...	85,950	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	33,645	...	...	4,840	...	...
Under $5,000	295	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	635	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,175	...	...	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,205	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,750	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,070	...	...	175	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,100	...	...	195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,890	...	...	180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,715	...	...	185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,130	...	...	355	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,500	...	...	365	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	...	...	400	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,875	...	...	345	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,650	...	...	335	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,965	...	...	1,865	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,670	...	...	735	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,525	...	...	490	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,210	...	...	440	...	...
$200,000 and over	565	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,640	...	...	4,835	...	...
Under $5,000	315	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	635	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,280	...	...	100	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,545	...	...	145	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,035	...	...	145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,590	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,410	...	...	245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,150	...	...	230	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,085	...	...	215	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,445	...	...	485	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,830	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,305	...	...	460	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,855	...	...	430	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,290	...	...	395	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,390	...	...	1,145	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,985	...	...	600	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	785	...	...	315	...	...
$150,000 and over	620	...	...	230	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,385	...	...	3,925	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,929	...	...	94,243	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,790	...	...	79,097	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,800	...	...	1,405	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,577	...	...	75,577	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,561	...	...	64,064	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,975	...	...	1,905	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,511	...	...	117,717	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,027	...	...	97,233	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,055	...	...	525	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,051	...	...	62,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,476	...	...	55,424	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,385	...	...	3,915	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,915	...	...	105,129	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,970	...	...	85,817	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,740	...	...	1,410	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,227	...	...	85,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,185	...	...	70,411	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,040	...	...	1,925	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,051	...	...	131,052	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,955	...	...	105,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,025	...	...	505	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,593	...	...	65,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,145	...	...	55,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,030	7,105	7,935	1,045	495	545
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,667	28,533	23,877	37,264	43,776	32,224
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,179	26,089	23,081	32,472	37,035	28,896
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,035	7,025	8,010	1,055	510	545
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,780	35,517	30,381	42,230	48,474	36,420
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,143	29,770	26,717	34,901	38,944	31,140
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	71,225	34,610	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,575
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,015	21,660	24,355	5,785	2,755	3,020
In the bottom decile	7,845	3,685	4,160	450	210	240
In the second decile	9,775	4,220	5,555	845	365	475
In the third decile	9,975	4,655	5,320	1,215	585	630
In the fourth decile	9,920	4,845	5,070	1,740	835	905
In the fifth decile	8,505	4,255	4,250	1,530	765	770
In the top half of the distribution	25,210	12,950	12,255	7,280	3,730	3,550
In the sixth decile	7,760	3,915	3,845	1,965	985	980
In the seventh decile	6,790	3,485	3,305	1,845	940	905
In the eighth decile	5,225	2,720	2,505	1,630	845	785
In the ninth decile	3,555	1,845	1,705	1,170	610	555
In the top decile	1,880	980	895	665	340	325
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	71,225	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,485	6,570
0 to 17 years	13,185	6,715	6,470	3,245	1,665	1,575
0 to 5 years	4,540	2,305	2,240	1,090	570	520
18 to 64 years	44,720	21,950	22,770	8,120	4,010	4,110
65 years and over	13,320	5,950	7,370	1,695	815	885
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,495	5,490	7,005	775	340	430
0 to 17 years	2,455	1,235	1,225	205	110	95
0 to 5 years	855	415	440	50	25	25
18 to 64 years	7,150	3,315	3,835	405	170	230
65 years and over	2,885	940	1,945	165	60	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.5	15.9	19.1	5.9	5.2	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	18.6	18.4	18.9	6.3	6.6	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	18.0	19.6	4.6	4.4	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.1	16.8	5.0	4.2	5.6
65 years and over (%)	21.7	15.8	26.4	9.7	7.4	12.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,185	3,010	3,180	325	150	175
0 to 17 years	1,135	575	555	85	50	35
0 to 5 years	405	205	200	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	4,690	2,305	2,385	225	95	130
65 years and over	360	125	235	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.7	8.7	8.7	2.5	2.3	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	2.6	3.0	2.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.9	8.9	8.9	1.8	2.6	1.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.5	10.5	2.8	2.4	3.2
65 years and over (%)	2.7	2.1	3.2	1.2	1.2	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	71,225	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,570
Official languages	70,960	34,485	36,475	13,040	6,480	6,555
English	26,185	14,175	12,010	7,150	3,790	3,360
French	70,780	34,400	36,385	12,765	6,335	6,425
Non-official languages	4,260	2,030	2,235	1,315	615	700
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	15	15	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	15	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,260	2,025	2,235	1,305	600	700
Afro-Asiatic languages	425	190	240	125	50	70
Berber languages	20	10	10	30	10	25
Kabyle	20	10	15	35	10	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	180	225	90	40	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	405	180	225	85	40	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	45	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	190	100	90	60	35	20
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	90	90	45	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,150	1,480	1,675	955	465	495
Albanian	65	45	25	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	185	90	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	65	185	90	95
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	0	0	10	10	0	0
Russian	40	20	25	145	70	70
Serbian	15	10	0	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	65	110	35	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	115	50	75	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	20	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	65	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	55	35	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	25	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	110	55	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	10
Iranian languages	30	20	10	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	20	10	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,660	1,220	1,445	730	345	385
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	190	120	160	95	70
Portuguese	115	65	50	60	25	35
Romanian	65	20	45	100	50	50
Spanish	2,275	1,035	1,240	435	190	240
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	120	100	150	55	100
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	20	10	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	20	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	35	20	15	85	30	50
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	30	30	15	10	0
Wolof	20	10	10	20	10	15
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	40	10	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	40	35	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	20	25	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	15	10	0
Chinese languages	90	45	40	15	10	0
Cantonese	30	20	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	25	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	10	0	0
Lao	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	71,225	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,570
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	70,260	34,140	36,115	12,850	6,400	6,450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,920	6,605	6,320	3,180	1,640	1,545
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	57,330	27,535	29,795	9,670	4,765	4,905
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	965	470	495	210	90	120
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	71,225	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,570
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	68,120	33,135	34,985	12,045	5,970	6,080
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,965	1,410	1,550	1,005	520	480
Before 1981	640	365	280	180	105	75
1981 to 1990	265	135	135	65	30	30
1991 to 2000	455	190	270	130	80	50
2001 to 2010	1,060	470	590	505	250	260
2001 to 2005	390	195	200	130	60	65
2006 to 2010	665	275	390	380	185	190
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	545	260	285	120	55	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	140	65	70	15	0	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,965	1,410	1,555	1,000	525	480
Under 5 years	500	195	310	130	65	60
5 to 14 years	655	340	315	210	130	85
15 to 24 years	545	235	310	175	85	90
25 to 44 years	1,080	550	530	440	235	205
45 years and over	190	90	100	50	10	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,965	1,410	1,555	1,000	520	480
Americas	990	435	550	230	115	115
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	395	175	220	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	150	65	85	20	10	10
Jamaica	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mexico	45	10	35	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	15	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	30	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	60	30	55	20	30
Other places of birth in Americas	285	115	175	70	35	40
Europe	955	455	500	345	180	165
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	465	230	240	85	55	35
Germany	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greece	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	85	60	30	50	35	15
Netherlands	10	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	0	10	10	0
Portugal	50	10	35	10	0	10
Romania	55	15	35	40	25	15
Russian Federation	20	10	15	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	10	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	160	65	95	105	45	60
Africa	525	270	250	300	175	130
Algeria	75	30	45	45	30	20
Egypt	15	15	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	105	50	55	25	10	10
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	320	165	150	225	130	100
Asia	495	240	255	125	55	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	10	70	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	40	25	10	0	10
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	25	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	205	105	105	60	25	30
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	545	260	285	120	55	60
Americas	220	100	120	15	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cuba	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haiti	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	0	0	10
Europe	95	45	50	25	10	20
France	50	25	30	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	15	0	10
Africa	140	70	65	45	25	25
Algeria	25	0	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	15	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	10	10	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0
Asia	95	45	50	35	20	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	25	20	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	71,225	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,575
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,245	1,550	1,695	1,025	530	490
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,720	1,370	1,345	955	515	440
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	65,260	31,690	33,575	11,085	5,440	5,645
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,350	1,060	1,290	830	415	410
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	775	385	395	505	275	225
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	315	200	110	210	130	75
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	465	185	280	295	145	150
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	675	240	430	210	85	130
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	885	425	450	100	50	45
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	15	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	71,220	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,485	6,575
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,180	595	585	215	135	75
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,075	555	525	210	140	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	465	255	210	110	80	25
Métis	605	300	310	95	55	45
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	20	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	25	25	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	70,040	34,020	36,025	12,845	6,350	6,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	71,225	34,610	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,570
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	265	135	135	95	70	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	70,955	34,480	36,475	12,965	6,420	6,545
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	71,225	34,615	36,610	13,060	6,485	6,575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	905	435	475	100	45	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	895	425	475	105	45	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	700	330	375	70	35	40
Métis single ancestry	185	100	85	30	15	15
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,690	1,300	1,385	525	295	230
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,645	1,285	1,360	515	280	230
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,260	1,070	1,190	445	240	205
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	350	195	150	65	40	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	20	30	10	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	30	10	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	67,625	32,880	34,745	12,425	6,145	6,280
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	71,225	34,610	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,570
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,520	1,215	1,310	840	450	385
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	140	65	75	55	30	25
Chinese	155	55	100	30	20	10
Black	835	460	375	445	255	185
Filipino	10	10	10	25	10	15
Latin American	740	310	430	100	50	45
Arab	365	170	195	90	45	45
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	175	80	95	20	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	35	10	10	10	10
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	40	20	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	20	20	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	68,700	33,400	35,305	12,225	6,035	6,190
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	71,220	34,610	36,610	13,060	6,490	6,575
North American Aboriginal origins	3,595	1,730	1,865	630	340	290
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,020	1,420	1,600	525	285	245
Inuit	45	20	20	10	0	10
Métis	585	315	270	105	65	40
Other North American origins	54,140	26,045	28,090	8,990	4,365	4,625
Acadian	305	135	170	125	50	75
American	285	120	160	40	20	20
Canadian	51,485	24,710	26,775	8,450	4,135	4,320
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10	10	10	10
Québécois	2,640	1,350	1,285	500	230	270
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,005	11,880	12,125	5,125	2,620	2,505
British Isles origins	5,810	2,835	2,975	1,435	730	700
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,225	615	610	425	240	185
Irish	4,095	1,990	2,100	930	460	465
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,180	545	640	270	150	130
Welsh	25	10	15	20	10	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	90	40	45	65	35	30
French origins	17,550	8,785	8,765	3,225	1,675	1,550
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	110	45	65	15	15	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,460	8,740	8,725	3,215	1,665	1,550
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,635	740	890	360	180	180
Austrian	20	10	15	15	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	480	185	295	70	35	35
Dutch	130	65	65	45	30	20
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	940	440	500	240	120	120
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	115	60	55	30	10	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	50	65	10	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	10	10	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Swedish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	705	345	365	360	205	155
Bulgarian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	20	10	15	15	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	35	45	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	50	25	25
Polish	290	160	130	105	60	45
Romanian	75	20	50	75	40	35
Russian	120	60	55	85	50	40
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	55	75	50	35	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	2,570	1,265	1,305	805	420	385
Albanian	20	0	10	15	10	10
Bosnian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	15	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	105	115	40	20	15
Italian	1,635	805	825	530	280	255
Kosovar	65	40	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	225	100	120	95	40	55
Serbian	25	15	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	20	0	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	400	175	220	140	85	65
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	165	90	75	15	0	15
Basque	30	15	10	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	20	0	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	525	255	265	135	75	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	15	15	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	40	25	10	10
Dominican	50	25	30	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	320	140	180	50	30	20
Jamaican	40	35	0	35	20	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Martinican	30	30	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,025	445	580	175	90	80
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Chilean	70	40	35	20	10	10
Colombian	515	235	285	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	15	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	15	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	70	60	50	30	20
Nicaraguan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	15	15	40	15	25
Salvadorean	75	45	25	25	10	15
Uruguayan	25	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	20	25	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	0	10	0	0	10
African origins	850	435	420	440	245	200
Central and West African origins	295	160	135	245	145	105
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	40	30	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	20	0	105	75	30
Chadian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Congolese	100	55	40	75	35	40
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	15	20	30	10	15
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins	335	170	165	95	55	40
Algerian	110	50	55	55	30	25
Berber	0	0	0	30	10	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	20	0	20	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	185	90	95	20	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	40	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	65	70	110	50	60
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	10	70	30	40
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	125	65	60	100	50	50
Asian origins	1,000	485	515	325	150	175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	425	220	205	140	70	70
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	105	40	60	30	20	15
Armenian	15	10	10	15	15	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	30	10	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	90	90	55	20	40
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	10	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	175	100	75	85	40	40
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	45	25	15	0	0	0
East Indian	45	30	15	65	35	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	60	25	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	385	155	230	95	35	60
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	85	50	40	10	0	0
Chinese	195	65	130	45	20	25
Filipino	10	0	10	50	20	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	55	30	25	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	30	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania origins	15	10	15	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
Owner	18,375	...	...	4,130	...	...
Renter	15,265	...	...	710	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	33,645	...	...	4,840	...	...
Condominium	4,380	...	...	230	...	...
Not condominium	29,260	...	...	4,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
No bedrooms	160	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	6,370	...	...	195	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,850	...	...	1,205	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,540	...	...	1,965	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,720	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,305	...	...	685	...	...
5 rooms	6,030	...	...	675	...	...
6 rooms	3,545	...	...	875	...	...
7 rooms	3,445	...	...	755	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,315	...	...	1,850	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	33,640	...	...	4,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,505	...	...	4,835	...	...
More than 1 person per room	135	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	33,645	...	...	4,840	...	...
Suitable	32,675	...	...	4,795	...	...
Not suitable	970	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
1960 or before	5,225	...	...	445	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,880	...	...	1,315	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,440	...	...	805	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,755	...	...	690	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,610	...	...	355	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,340	...	...	725	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,385	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	33,645	...	...	4,840	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,030	...	...	4,645	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,605	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	33,640	...	...	4,840	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,020	...	...	2,435	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,225	...	...	2,350	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	395	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	33,645	...	...	4,840	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,475	...	...	100	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,720	...	...	630	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,015	...	...	1,060	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,255	...	...	1,145	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,965	...	...	860	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,480	...	...	670	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,955	...	...	275	...	...
85 years and over	780	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	33,595	...	...	4,800	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,235	...	...	4,190	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,360	...	...	615	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,715	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,365	...	...	4,090	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.5	...	...	72.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.7	...	...	10.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,081	...	...	1,236	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,090	...	...	1,225	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,591	...	...	259,775	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	235,881	...	...	280,909	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,265	...	...	705	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.9	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.5	...	...	26.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	716	...	...	735	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	768	...	...	792	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,375	5,125	5,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,265	7,760	7,510	2,050	1,125	920
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,405	6,730	7,680	2,640	1,355	1,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,540	14,495	16,045	5,690	2,640	3,050
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,610	7,245	5,360	2,160	1,265	890
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,485	4,785	4,705	1,500	745	750
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,120	2,465	660	655	515	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,980	4,060	5,920	1,715	675	1,040
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,030	755	1,280	350	150	200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,925	2,440	3,480	1,465	550	920
Bachelor's degree	4,280	1,705	2,580	1,050	365	685
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	545	210	330	160	70	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	65	70	25	15	15
Master's degree	850	385	465	220	80	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	70	35	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	38,425	18,910	19,515	6,980	3,375	3,600
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,205	4,115	3,090	845	510	335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,985	3,905	4,075	1,500	790	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,235	10,890	12,345	4,635	2,070	2,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,790	5,570	4,215	1,735	985	750
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,455	3,745	3,710	1,190	570	620
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,335	1,830	505	540	420	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,315	3,000	4,310	1,325	485	835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,410	535	875	285	120	170
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,725	1,780	2,945	1,285	480	805
Bachelor's degree	3,460	1,275	2,180	950	345	600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	445	165	285	125	50	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	35	65	25	10	15
Master's degree	650	270	380	180	65	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	70	40	30	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,210	28,980	31,235	10,375	5,120	5,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	29,670	14,485	15,190	4,690	2,485	2,205
Education	2,425	560	1,865	425	70	355
13. Education	2,420	560	1,865	425	75	355
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	905	435	475	195	70	120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	120	40	35	35	0
50. Visual and performing arts	740	310	435	160	40	120
Humanities	1,325	530	790	170	65	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	15	105	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	840	340	500	120	35	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	40	45	10	10	0
54. History	45	35	10	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	160	65	95	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,110	415	1,695	425	130	295
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	65	135	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	745	25	720	120	0	120
22. Legal professions and studies	360	100	265	75	30	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	0	75	10	0	0
42. Psychology	365	75	295	55	10	50
45. Social sciences	360	155	205	120	75	50
Business, management and public administration	6,640	2,240	4,400	1,255	345	910
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	70	300	45	15	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,255	2,170	4,085	1,205	330	875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	325	275	140	80	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	60	115	45	25	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	70	40	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	55	65	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	155	120	40	60	35	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	25	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	860	550	310	195	155	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	710	520	190	185	145	40
25. Library science	115	10	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,220	6,635	580	1,385	1,260	125
04. Architecture and related services	160	90	70	40	15	25
14. Engineering	505	410	95	150	120	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,480	1,270	205	245	215	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,945	1,875	70	420	400	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,850	1,770	75	310	300	10
48. Precision production	1,285	1,225	70	210	210	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	225	165	80	40	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	255	100	145	70	35	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	125	15	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,430	735	3,695	835	115	725
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	125	70	35	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs	4,205	595	3,610	805	100	705
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,645	1,845	1,795	580	300	280
12. Personal and culinary services	1,910	400	1,505	290	50	235
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	680	485	200	155	130	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,050	955	95	125	115	10
Other	0	10	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	38,430	18,910	19,510	6,975	3,375	3,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,190	8,025	7,165	2,345	1,305	1,035
Education	1,665	365	1,305	305	30	270
13. Education	1,665	365	1,300	300	35	270
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	630	310	320	140	50	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	95	40	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	495	215	285	115	25	85
Humanities	875	350	530	90	40	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	75	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	235	315	55	20	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	0	30	10	10	0
54. History	30	20	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	45	75	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,690	285	1,405	370	110	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	35	110	40	10	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	600	15	590	110	0	110
22. Legal professions and studies	290	65	220	75	30	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	330	55	275	40	10	35
45. Social sciences	290	115	180	95	55	45
Business, management and public administration	5,050	1,610	3,440	1,120	300	820
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	290	40	250	40	10	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,750	1,570	3,180	1,075	285	790
Physical and life sciences and technologies	390	220	175	100	60	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	65	105	35	25	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	50	25	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	80	35	40	25	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	20	10	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	745	490	260	175	135	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	630	460	165	170	135	40
25. Library science	95	10	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,490	5,005	490	1,095	985	115
04. Architecture and related services	140	75	70	35	10	25
14. Engineering	430	340	90	145	115	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,135	980	155	200	180	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,450	1,395	55	300	280	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,325	1,260	70	240	230	10
48. Precision production	1,015	965	50	175	175	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	175	135	65	35	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	65	120	60	25	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	105	15	10	10	0
Health and related fields	3,435	565	2,875	720	85	635
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	85	65	30	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	3,260	465	2,795	695	75	620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,940	1,520	1,420	450	240	210
12. Personal and culinary services	1,475	305	1,170	235	50	190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	560	385	170	110	100	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	905	825	80	100	90	10
Other	10	10	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,375	5,125	5,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,670	14,480	15,190	4,690	2,480	2,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,540	14,500	16,045	5,685	2,640	3,050
Location of study inside Canada	29,860	14,125	15,730	5,315	2,455	2,855
Same as province or territory of residence	29,405	13,885	15,520	5,225	2,405	2,820
Different than province or territory of residence	460	240	215	85	50	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	680	370	310	375	185	190
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	65	0	20	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	0	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	255	160	95	65	35	35
Other	355	145	210	255	130	125
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	38,425	18,915	19,510	6,980	3,380	3,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,190	8,025	7,165	2,345	1,305	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,235	10,890	12,350	4,635	2,070	2,560
Location of study inside Canada	22,705	10,645	12,060	4,290	1,910	2,380
Same as province or territory of residence	22,370	10,465	11,910	4,220	1,870	2,350
Different than province or territory of residence	330	180	150	80	45	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	530	240	285	340	155	180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	25	0	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	180	105	80	45	20	25
Other	315	115	195	240	120	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,370	5,120	5,250
In the labour force	36,730	18,860	17,870	7,205	3,735	3,475
Employed	34,030	17,330	16,700	6,850	3,515	3,330
Unemployed	2,700	1,530	1,170	360	220	140
Not in the labour force	23,480	10,120	13,360	3,165	1,385	1,775
Participation rate	61.0	65.1	57.2	69.5	72.9	66.2
Employment rate	56.5	59.8	53.5	66.1	68.7	63.4
Unemployment rate	7.4	8.1	6.5	5.0	5.9	4.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	60,210	28,980	31,230	10,375	5,120	5,250
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,480	9,695	12,785	2,880	1,220	1,660
Worked	37,730	19,285	18,450	7,500	3,905	3,595
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,470	9,560	7,910	3,995	2,230	1,760
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	20,260	9,725	10,535	3,505	1,670	1,830
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3	44.1	44.2	44.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	36,730	18,860	17,875	7,210	3,735	3,475
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	940	505	430	135	65	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,790	18,355	17,440	7,080	3,665	3,410
Employee	31,500	15,850	15,655	6,380	3,220	3,155
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,285	2,505	1,785	700	450	250
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	36,730	18,860	17,875	7,210	3,735	3,470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	940	505	430	135	65	65
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,790	18,350	17,440	7,075	3,665	3,410
0 Management occupations	3,045	1,925	1,120	800	515	285
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,870	1,315	3,550	1,245	370	875
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,835	1,420	415	370	285	85
3 Health occupations	2,775	380	2,395	500	80	425
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,250	1,085	3,165	820	185	635
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	755	375	375	140	50	90
6 Sales and service occupations	9,570	4,125	5,445	1,525	665	860
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,050	5,700	355	1,295	1,210	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	430	360	70	70	50	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,205	1,670	535	315	255	60
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	36,730	18,860	17,870	7,210	3,735	3,475
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	940	505	430	135	70	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,795	18,350	17,440	7,075	3,670	3,410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	255	150	100	85	60	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	60	10	30	25	10
22 Utilities	340	245	95	95	75	20
23 Construction	3,050	2,650	400	565	485	85
31-33 Manufacturing	4,225	3,150	1,080	770	565	205
41 Wholesale trade	1,340	905	435	360	265	100
44-45 Retail trade	5,385	2,515	2,870	970	455	515
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,720	1,310	410	445	325	120
51 Information and cultural industries	435	260	175	185	100	90
52 Finance and insurance	780	290	495	285	100	190
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	470	305	160	90	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,705	875	825	350	185	170
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,770	1,090	680	295	190	100
61 Educational services	2,570	690	1,875	515	115	405
62 Health care and social assistance	5,055	775	4,275	925	125	800
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	700	365	330	100	60	45
72 Accommodation and food services	2,765	1,140	1,630	350	135	220
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,615	715	905	295	150	150
91 Public administration	1,520	835	685	355	220	135
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	34,035	17,330	16,700	6,850	3,515	3,330
Worked at home	2,085	1,005	1,085	395	205	190
Worked outside Canada	70	60	10	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	3,970	3,050	920	610	500	110
Worked at usual place	27,900	13,215	14,685	5,830	2,805	3,025
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	27,905	13,215	14,685	5,830	2,805	3,025
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,765	5,570	8,195	650	250	400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,030	445	585	1,855	730	1,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,035	7,165	5,865	3,320	1,820	1,500
Commute to a different province or territory	70	40	35	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	31,875	16,265	15,610	6,440	3,300	3,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	27,455	14,290	13,170	5,545	2,955	2,595
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,240	500	735	225	75	155
Public transit	1,150	475	680	490	180	315
Walked	1,555	680	875	115	60	55
Bicycle	150	105	45	30	25	0
Other method	320	215	100	30	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	31,875	16,265	15,610	6,440	3,300	3,135
Less than 15 minutes	10,775	4,740	6,035	1,670	695	980
15 to 29 minutes	9,625	4,485	5,140	1,500	770	730
30 to 44 minutes	5,460	3,070	2,395	1,590	905	685
45 to 59 minutes	2,820	1,870	950	925	535	385
60 minutes and over	3,190	2,100	1,090	750	395	355
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	31,875	16,265	15,605	6,435	3,305	3,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,700	2,830	870	785	600	185
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,790	3,570	2,220	1,355	780	570
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,495	3,635	4,860	1,815	750	1,065
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,035	1,765	3,270	1,025	345	685
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,110	1,140	1,975	435	180	255
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,745	3,325	2,415	1,020	645	380
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	39,055	20,015	19,035	7,680	3,975	3,700
Single responses	37,305	19,005	18,300	6,980	3,640	3,345
Official languages	37,275	18,990	18,290	6,975	3,635	3,345
English	1,110	665	445	625	350	275
French	36,170	18,320	17,845	6,355	3,290	3,060
Non-official languages	25	15	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	20	10	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,755	1,015	745	700	335	365
English and French	1,700	985	715	680	325	360
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	39,055	20,020	19,040	7,680	3,975	3,705
None	30,005	14,895	15,105	4,275	2,190	2,090
English	8,035	4,505	3,525	2,895	1,520	1,370
French	810	500	310	415	215	200
Non-official language	120	70	55	75	45	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	65	50	75	45	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	50	35	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	70,455	34,235	36,215	12,920	6,395	6,520
Non-movers	59,980	29,335	30,645	11,885	5,900	5,985
Movers	10,475	4,900	5,580	1,035	495	540
Non-migrants	5,470	2,560	2,910	255	120	130
Migrants	5,005	2,335	2,670	785	380	405
Internal migrants	4,860	2,275	2,590	730	350	380
Intraprovincial migrants	4,795	2,235	2,555	730	345	385
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	35	0	0	0
External migrants	150	60	85	55	30	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	67,375	32,720	34,660	12,160	5,995	6,165
Non-movers	37,145	18,365	18,780	8,265	4,145	4,120
Movers	30,235	14,355	15,880	3,900	1,850	2,040
Non-migrants	15,475	7,270	8,200	1,185	540	640
Migrants	14,765	7,085	7,680	2,710	1,315	1,400
Internal migrants	14,255	6,845	7,405	2,570	1,240	1,335
Intraprovincial migrants	13,975	6,700	7,275	2,530	1,220	1,310
Interprovincial migrants	280	150	130	45	15	25
External migrants	505	235	265	140	75	65

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Jérôme, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mercier, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mercier, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mercier, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Mercier, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec