Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Hudson, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Jérôme, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Hudson, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Hudson, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	74,346	...	...	5,185^E	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	68,456	...	...	5,135	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.6	...	...	1.0^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,316	...	...	2,386	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	33,642	...	...	2,241	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	822.1	...	...	237.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	90.44	...	...	21.87	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	74,345	35,925	38,420	5,185	2,465	2,720
0 to 14 years	11,045	5,660	5,395	715	365	350
0 to 4 years	3,825	1,940	1,880	180	90	85
5 to 9 years	3,810	1,950	1,860	255	140	120
10 to 14 years	3,415	1,760	1,655	280	135	145
15 to 64 years	47,500	23,480	24,015	3,090	1,445	1,645
15 to 19 years	3,805	1,895	1,910	285	145	145
20 to 24 years	4,770	2,435	2,335	250	130	115
25 to 29 years	4,655	2,375	2,285	150	70	80
30 to 34 years	4,365	2,245	2,115	150	65	80
35 to 39 years	4,460	2,260	2,200	220	100	125
40 to 44 years	4,210	2,060	2,155	265	120	150
45 to 49 years	4,440	2,170	2,275	365	165	195
50 to 54 years	5,680	2,750	2,935	410	190	215
55 to 59 years	5,885	2,855	3,030	475	225	255
60 to 64 years	5,235	2,445	2,795	530	245	285
65 years and over	15,795	6,785	9,010	1,385	655	730
65 to 69 years	4,680	2,115	2,565	445	230	215
70 to 74 years	4,010	1,820	2,190	380	170	215
75 to 79 years	2,950	1,305	1,645	240	120	115
80 to 84 years	2,125	910	1,205	165	70	95
85 years and over	2,035	625	1,405	150	65	90
85 to 89 years	1,300	445	855	95	40	55
90 to 94 years	610	135	475	45	15	30
95 to 99 years	115	45	65	15	5	5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.8	14.0	13.8	14.8	12.9
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.4	62.5	59.6	58.6	60.5
65 years and over	21.2	18.9	23.5	26.7	26.6	26.8
85 years and over	2.7	1.7	3.7	2.9	2.6	3.3
Average age of the population	43.5	42.1	44.9	47.7	46.9	48.5
Median age of the population	44.9	42.6	46.8	52.7	52.3	53.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
Single-detached house	12,970	...	...	1,975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,165	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,500	...	...	260	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,450	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,920	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,365	...	...	145	...	...
Other single-attached house	210	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	33,640	...	...	2,245	...	...
1 person	12,255	...	...	615	...	...
2 persons	12,155	...	...	915	...	...
3 persons	4,475	...	...	300	...	...
4 persons	3,220	...	...	280	...	...
5 or more persons	1,535	...	...	135	...	...
Number of persons in private households	71,225	...	...	5,185	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	63,300	30,270	33,025	4,470	2,105	2,370
Married or living common law	33,155	16,620	16,540	2,865	1,430	1,435
Married	17,410	8,770	8,640	2,315	1,155	1,160
Living common law	15,750	7,845	7,900	550	275	275
Not married and not living common law	30,140	13,655	16,490	1,610	670	940
Never married	18,635	9,995	8,635	925	475	455
Separated	1,045	450	590	85	30	60
Divorced	5,875	2,130	3,745	300	115	185
Widowed	4,590	1,075	3,515	295	55	245
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,290	...	...	1,595	...	...
2 persons	11,860	...	...	925	...	...
3 persons	4,210	...	...	285	...	...
4 persons	3,000	...	...	270	...	...
5 or more persons	1,225	...	...	120	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,290	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total couple families	16,100	...	...	1,420	...	...
Married couples	8,280	...	...	1,140	...	...
Common-law couples	7,815	...	...	275	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,195	...	...	180	...	...
Female parent	3,170	...	...	140	...	...
Male parent	1,020	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,100	...	...	1,415	...	...
Couples without children	9,175	...	...	825	...	...
Couples with children	6,920	...	...	590	...	...
1 child	3,050	...	...	230	...	...
2 children	2,725	...	...	240	...	...
3 or more children	1,140	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,190	...	...	175	...	...
1 child	2,685	...	...	100	...	...
2 children	1,155	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	350	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,385	7,710	8,675	785	290	490
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
One-census-family households	19,810	...	...	1,570	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,985	...	...	810	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,825	...	...	760	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	240	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,595	...	...	660	...	...
One-person households	12,255	...	...	615	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,340	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	72,845	35,215	37,625	5,185	2,465	2,720
English only	195	100	90	1,240	615	625
French only	46,055	20,755	25,295	165	70	95
English and French	26,380	14,240	12,135	3,770	1,775	1,990
Neither English nor French	220	115	105	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	72,845	35,215	37,630	5,185	2,465	2,720
English	1,330	700	630	3,665	1,785	1,880
French	70,800	34,160	36,640	1,420	635	785
English and French	500	245	250	95	45	50
Neither English nor French	215	110	105	10	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,580	820	760	3,710	1,810	1,905
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.2	2.3	2.0	71.6	73.4	70.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	72,845	35,215	37,630	5,185	2,465	2,720
Single responses	72,075	34,825	37,250	5,025	2,390	2,635
Official languages	69,815	33,730	36,090	4,550	2,155	2,390
English	1,090	580	510	3,180	1,550	1,630
French	68,725	33,140	35,585	1,375	610	760
Non-official languages	2,260	1,100	1,160	470	230	245
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,250	1,095	1,155	470	230	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	150	125	20	5	10
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	135	115	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	245	135	110	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	15	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	50	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,520	725	795	405	205	205
Albanian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	125	50	70	115	45	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	120	50	70	110	50	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	10	35	10	20
Russian	50	20	30	40	20	25
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	25	145	70	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	10	5	5	20	20	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	20	15	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	5	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	25	15	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	60	10	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	115	55	60	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	100	50	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,085	510	575	115	65	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	60	50	80	45	40
Portuguese	100	60	45	10	5	0
Romanian	35	15	20	10	5	0
Spanish	840	370	465	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	40	10	5	5
Chinese languages	80	40	40	10	0	5
Cantonese	15	5	10	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	25	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	10	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	765	390	380	160	75	85
English and French	485	230	255	125	55	65
English and non-official language	50	25	20	20	15	10
French and non-official language	195	110	90	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	72,840	35,220	37,630	5,185	2,465	2,720
Single responses	71,690	34,640	37,050	5,020	2,390	2,635
Official languages	70,585	34,120	36,465	4,930	2,345	2,580
English	860	465	395	3,875	1,860	2,010
French	69,720	33,655	36,065	1,055	485	575
Non-official languages	1,105	520	585	95	45	50
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,105	520	585	90	45	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	60	60	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	65	60	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	785	360	425	80	35	40
Albanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	45	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	15
Russian	20	10	10	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	45	55	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	55	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	585	265	325	10	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	5	0	5
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	5
Spanish	525	235	295	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	15	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	35	25	10	5	5
Chinese languages	55	35	25	10	5	5
Cantonese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,155	575	580	165	75	85
English and French	530	275	255	95	45	55
English and non-official language	45	15	30	55	25	25
French and non-official language	500	245	255	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	45	45	10	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	72,840	35,220	37,625	5,185	2,465	2,720
None	67,620	32,510	35,110	3,885	1,865	2,025
English	3,405	1,810	1,600	390	170	220
French	900	435	465	695	340	360
Non-official language	750	370	380	165	80	85
Aboriginal	10	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	740	365	375	165	80	80
English and French	35	15	20	10	5	5
English and non-official language	90	50	40	5	0	0
French and non-official language	50	30	15	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,100	2,370
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,500	28,190	30,310	4,300	2,030	2,270
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,960	35,838	25,384	39,965	50,912	31,909
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,510	28,190	30,320	4,305	2,030	2,275
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,225	31,650	23,792	34,603	43,674	28,251
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,260	24,940	25,320	3,995	1,910	2,080
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,046	33,473	21,882	35,955	47,835	26,517
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,075	21,450	25,630	3,060	1,300	1,760
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,411	7,649	8,999	8,581	8,475	8,686
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,335	20,815	19,515	2,890	1,500	1,395
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,713	33,638	24,655	31,509	37,888	26,688
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	60,215	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,085	2,390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,630	28,230	30,395	4,270	1,990	2,275
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,538	42,226	31,256	63,544	80,712	48,523
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,635	28,235	30,400	4,275	2,000	2,275
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,847	34,793	27,182	47,858	59,436	37,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,360	24,960	25,400	4,015	1,875	2,140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,911	40,414	27,520	60,886	79,998	44,195
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,220	21,430	25,785	2,995	1,270	1,725
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,201	8,557	9,736	9,018	8,804	9,176
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,335	20,855	19,480	2,890	1,435	1,460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,809	39,544	29,739	57,393	73,357	41,756
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	60,210	28,980	31,235	4,475	2,085	2,390
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,085	9,330	7,755	1,280	725	555
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,678	47,632	38,545	61,757	78,908	50,030
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,519	53,789	42,177	85,189	105,277	59,005
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.0	84.8	73.9	91.2	94.2	84.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.4	68.9	61.0	54.4	53.5	56.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.0	15.2	26.1	8.9	5.6	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	60,210	28,980	31,235	4,475	2,100	2,375
Without total income	1,715	795	925	170	75	100
With total income	58,495	28,185	30,310	4,305	2,030	2,275
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.3	97.0	96.2	96.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,830	2,920	3,910	575	245	335
$10,000 to $19,999	12,305	4,670	7,635	640	225	415
$20,000 to $29,999	10,145	4,280	5,870	540	205	330
$30,000 to $39,999	8,255	3,925	4,330	405	150	255
$40,000 to $49,999	6,800	3,400	3,400	410	185	225
$50,000 to $59,999	4,785	2,770	2,015	305	125	180
$60,000 to $69,999	2,985	1,855	1,135	245	120	125
$70,000 to $79,999	2,430	1,495	930	215	115	100
$80,000 to $89,999	1,395	945	455	160	90	70
$90,000 to $99,999	855	620	235	125	75	45
$100,000 and over	1,700	1,315	385	690	505	185
$100,000 to $149,999	1,265	960	300	360	255	105
$150,000 and over	440	350	85	325	245	80
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,470	2,105	2,375
Without after-tax income	1,700	785	915	170	70	100
With after-tax income	58,510	28,190	30,320	4,305	2,030	2,275
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.3	97.1	96.3	96.4	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,110	2,975	4,140	630	250	380
$10,000 to $19,999	12,980	4,995	7,980	690	245	445
$20,000 to $29,999	12,170	5,280	6,890	595	225	365
$30,000 to $39,999	10,270	5,105	5,165	540	220	315
$40,000 to $49,999	7,100	4,000	3,100	465	195	265
$50,000 to $59,999	4,100	2,510	1,590	335	170	160
$60,000 to $69,999	2,405	1,545	860	250	145	110
$70,000 to $79,999	1,035	745	290	160	100	60
$80,000 and over	1,345	1,035	315	645	475	170
$80,000 to $89,999	540	400	135	145	95	50
$90,000 to $99,999	240	190	50	110	85	30
$100,000 and over	575	440	130	395	300	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,100	2,375
Without employment income	19,880	8,165	11,715	1,580	605	980
With employment income	40,335	20,815	19,520	2,895	1,500	1,395
Percentage with employment income	67.0	71.8	62.5	64.7	71.4	58.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,625	2,990	2,635	540	290	250
$5,000 to $9,999	3,185	1,325	1,855	255	105	150
$10,000 to $19,999	6,485	2,735	3,750	380	165	210
$20,000 to $29,999	5,495	2,470	3,030	250	120	125
$30,000 to $39,999	5,355	2,540	2,815	195	75	120
$40,000 to $49,999	4,105	2,140	1,965	190	75	115
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	1,840	1,245	185	90	95
$60,000 to $69,999	2,125	1,345	775	135	55	75
$70,000 to $79,999	1,915	1,175	740	150	75	80
$80,000 and over	2,955	2,250	700	625	445	175
$80,000 to $89,999	1,065	760	300	80	45	35
$90,000 to $99,999	660	510	155	65	40	25
$100,000 and over	1,225	985	245	475	360	115
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	33,640	...	...	2,245	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,454	...	...	85,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,871	...	...	70,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,255	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,115	...	...	38,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,276	...	...	33,472	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,385	...	...	1,625	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,553	...	...	108,493	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,547	...	...	89,318	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,678	...	...	121,058	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,762	...	...	91,259	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,240	...	...	620	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,247	...	...	56,177	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,283	...	...	43,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,395	...	...	1,620	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,517	...	...	145,725	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,768	...	...	109,371	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	33,645	...	...	2,240	...	...
Under $5,000	295	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	635	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,175	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,205	...	...	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,750	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,070	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,100	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,890	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,715	...	...	80	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,130	...	...	140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,500	...	...	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	...	...	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,875	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,650	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,965	...	...	960	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,670	...	...	250	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,525	...	...	170	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,210	...	...	180	...	...
$200,000 and over	565	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
Under $5,000	315	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	635	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,280	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,545	...	...	110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,035	...	...	85	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,590	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,410	...	...	105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,150	...	...	80	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,085	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,445	...	...	205	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,830	...	...	170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,305	...	...	140	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,855	...	...	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,290	...	...	150	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,390	...	...	695	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,985	...	...	215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	785	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 and over	620	...	...	335	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,385	...	...	1,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,929	...	...	109,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,790	...	...	89,746	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,800	...	...	795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,577	...	...	105,216	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,561	...	...	83,925	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,975	...	...	590	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,511	...	...	131,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,027	...	...	106,496	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,055	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,051	...	...	66,389	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,476	...	...	59,136	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,385	...	...	1,605	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,915	...	...	145,747	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,970	...	...	109,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,740	...	...	790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,227	...	...	137,909	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,185	...	...	102,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,040	...	...	575	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,051	...	...	175,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,955	...	...	130,758	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,025	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,593	...	...	92,541	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,145	...	...	72,128	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,030	7,105	7,935	695	265	430
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,667	28,533	23,877	36,779	42,176	33,749
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,179	26,089	23,081	32,192	36,704	30,272
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,035	7,025	8,010	680	240	440
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,780	35,517	30,381	54,771	70,816	46,016
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,143	29,770	26,717	42,634	52,304	37,358
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	71,225	34,610	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,015	21,660	24,355	2,010	895	1,115
In the bottom decile	7,845	3,685	4,160	335	165	165
In the second decile	9,775	4,220	5,555	400	155	245
In the third decile	9,975	4,655	5,320	385	165	220
In the fourth decile	9,920	4,845	5,070	460	215	245
In the fifth decile	8,505	4,255	4,250	430	190	235
In the top half of the distribution	25,210	12,950	12,255	3,175	1,570	1,605
In the sixth decile	7,760	3,915	3,845	475	225	250
In the seventh decile	6,790	3,485	3,305	515	260	260
In the eighth decile	5,225	2,720	2,505	540	260	275
In the ninth decile	3,555	1,845	1,705	630	305	325
In the top decile	1,880	980	895	1,015	515	495
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	71,225	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
0 to 17 years	13,185	6,715	6,470	890	460	425
0 to 5 years	4,540	2,305	2,240	220	110	110
18 to 64 years	44,720	21,950	22,770	2,910	1,350	1,560
65 years and over	13,320	5,950	7,370	1,380	650	730
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,495	5,490	7,005	540	250	295
0 to 17 years	2,455	1,235	1,225	100	50	50
0 to 5 years	855	415	440	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	7,150	3,315	3,835	310	145	160
65 years and over	2,885	940	1,945	135	50	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.5	15.9	19.1	10.4	10.1	10.8
0 to 17 years (%)	18.6	18.4	18.9	11.2	10.9	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	18.0	19.6	13.6	13.6	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.1	16.8	10.7	10.7	10.3
65 years and over (%)	21.7	15.8	26.4	9.8	7.7	11.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,185	3,010	3,180	235	115	120
0 to 17 years	1,135	575	555	50	25	30
0 to 5 years	405	205	200	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	4,690	2,305	2,385	170	80	85
65 years and over	360	125	235	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.7	8.7	8.7	4.5	4.7	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	5.6	5.4	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.9	8.9	8.9	4.5	4.5	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.5	10.5	5.8	5.9	5.4
65 years and over (%)	2.7	2.1	3.2	1.1	1.5	0.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	71,225	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Official languages	70,960	34,485	36,475	5,170	2,460	2,710
English	26,185	14,175	12,010	5,015	2,385	2,630
French	70,780	34,400	36,385	3,930	1,840	2,095
Non-official languages	4,260	2,030	2,235	865	440	425
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,260	2,025	2,235	865	445	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	425	190	240	15	10	10
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	180	225	15	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	405	180	225	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	45	45	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	20	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	190	100	90	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	180	90	90	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,150	1,480	1,675	760	405	355
Albanian	65	45	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	115	60	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	65	110	60	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	50	30	20
Russian	40	20	25	30	15	15
Serbian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	175	65	110	295	145	145
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dutch	20	10	15	40	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	115	50	75	235	125	115
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	25	10	15	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	20	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	65	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	55	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	110	55	55	0	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	10	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	20	10	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,660	1,220	1,445	350	200	145
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	190	120	150	100	55
Portuguese	115	65	50	25	25	10
Romanian	65	20	45	10	0	0
Spanish	2,275	1,035	1,240	185	90	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	120	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	35	20	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	30	30	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	20	25	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	35	10	25
Chinese languages	90	45	40	35	15	25
Cantonese	30	20	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	25	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	0	10	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10	15	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	0	15	30	0	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	0
Hungarian	20	0	15	15	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	71,225	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	70,260	34,140	36,115	4,980	2,365	2,610
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,920	6,605	6,320	875	480	400
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	57,330	27,535	29,795	4,100	1,885	2,215
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	965	470	495	210	100	110
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	71,225	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	68,120	33,135	34,985	4,290	2,040	2,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,965	1,410	1,550	820	385	435
Before 1981	640	365	280	600	285	315
1981 to 1990	265	135	135	55	25	30
1991 to 2000	455	190	270	70	30	35
2001 to 2010	1,060	470	590	60	20	35
2001 to 2005	390	195	200	30	10	20
2006 to 2010	665	275	390	30	15	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	545	260	285	45	20	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	140	65	70	75	40	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,965	1,410	1,555	820	385	435
Under 5 years	500	195	310	135	60	70
5 to 14 years	655	340	315	130	50	75
15 to 24 years	545	235	310	240	100	140
25 to 44 years	1,080	550	530	275	145	135
45 years and over	190	90	100	40	20	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,965	1,410	1,555	820	385	435
Americas	990	435	550	90	40	50
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	395	175	220	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	150	65	85	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	10	35	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	60	30	75	30	40
Other places of birth in Americas	285	115	175	10	10	0
Europe	955	455	500	620	305	320
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	465	230	240	45	15	25
Germany	25	15	10	75	25	50
Greece	15	10	10	0	0	10
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italy	85	60	30	15	15	10
Netherlands	10	0	0	35	20	15
Poland	10	10	0	15	15	0
Portugal	50	10	35	10	10	0
Romania	55	15	35	0	0	10
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	10	300	150	145
Other places of birth in Europe	160	65	95	95	50	50
Africa	525	270	250	20	10	10
Algeria	75	30	45	0	0	0
Egypt	15	15	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	105	50	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	320	165	150	10	0	10
Asia	495	240	255	80	35	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	10	70	30	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	10	10	0	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	40	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	205	105	105	20	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	545	260	285	40	20	20
Americas	220	100	120	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	60	20	40	0	0	0
Cuba	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haiti	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	0	0	0
Europe	95	45	50	25	10	15
France	50	25	30	15	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	10	0	0
Africa	140	70	65	0	0	0
Algeria	25	0	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0
Asia	95	45	50	15	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	71,225	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,245	1,550	1,695	950	455	490
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,720	1,370	1,345	1,065	525	540
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	65,260	31,690	33,575	3,165	1,480	1,685
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,350	1,060	1,290	240	110	125
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	775	385	395	145	75	75
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	315	200	110	85	55	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	465	185	280	65	15	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	675	240	430	70	30	45
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	885	425	450	20	10	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	71,220	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,180	595	585	25	0	15
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,075	555	525	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	465	255	210	15	0	10
Métis	605	300	310	10	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	20	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	70,040	34,020	36,025	5,165	2,455	2,705
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	71,225	34,610	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	265	135	135	0	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	70,955	34,480	36,475	5,175	2,460	2,715
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	71,225	34,615	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	905	435	475	10	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	895	425	475	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	700	330	375	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	185	100	85	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,690	1,300	1,385	95	45	50
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,645	1,285	1,360	90	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,260	1,070	1,190	85	40	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	350	195	150	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	20	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	30	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	67,625	32,880	34,745	5,080	2,420	2,665
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	71,225	34,610	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,520	1,215	1,310	180	85	90
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	140	65	75	15	10	0
Chinese	155	55	100	55	25	35
Black	835	460	375	25	20	0
Filipino	10	10	10	10	0	10
Latin American	740	310	430	20	10	0
Arab	365	170	195	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	175	80	95	15	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	35	10	15	10	10
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	10	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	20	20	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	68,700	33,400	35,305	5,010	2,380	2,625
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	71,220	34,610	36,610	5,185	2,465	2,720
North American Aboriginal origins	3,595	1,730	1,865	105	50	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,020	1,420	1,600	100	50	50
Inuit	45	20	20	10	0	10
Métis	585	315	270	0	0	0
Other North American origins	54,140	26,045	28,090	2,005	905	1,105
Acadian	305	135	170	25	10	20
American	285	120	160	85	30	55
Canadian	51,485	24,710	26,775	1,935	875	1,060
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	2,640	1,350	1,285	25	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,005	11,880	12,125	4,075	1,965	2,110
British Isles origins	5,810	2,835	2,975	2,670	1,280	1,390
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	10
English	1,225	615	610	1,365	685	680
Irish	4,095	1,990	2,100	1,085	475	610
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	1,180	545	640	1,015	460	555
Welsh	25	10	15	125	50	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	90	40	45	360	180	180
French origins	17,550	8,785	8,765	1,155	515	645
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	110	45	65	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,460	8,740	8,725	1,160	515	645
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,635	740	890	715	370	340
Austrian	20	10	15	75	35	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	480	185	295	70	50	20
Dutch	130	65	65	130	60	65
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	940	440	500	415	205	210
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	115	60	55	85	40	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	50	65	215	115	105
Danish	20	10	10	75	30	45
Finnish	10	10	0	30	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	15	75	40	35
Swedish	50	20	30	65	45	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	705	345	365	555	240	310
Bulgarian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	0	35	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	80	35	45	40	20	25
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	20	10	15	40	0	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	290	160	130	150	65	85
Romanian	75	20	50	45	20	35
Russian	120	60	55	155	90	65
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	10
Ukrainian	130	55	75	115	50	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	2,570	1,265	1,305	435	250	190
Albanian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	105	115	50	15	30
Italian	1,635	805	825	275	160	120
Kosovar	65	40	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	100	120	55	40	15
Serbian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	0	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	400	175	220	80	45	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	165	90	75	75	35	35
Basque	30	15	10	10	0	0
Jewish	10	0	0	65	35	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	130	70	60	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	525	255	265	30	20	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	20	15	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	40	0	0	0
Dominican	50	25	30	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	320	140	180	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	35	0	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	30	30	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,025	445	580	50	40	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	15	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	20	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Chilean	70	40	35	0	0	0
Colombian	515	235	285	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	15	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	70	60	30	20	0
Nicaraguan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	75	45	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	25	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	20	25	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	850	435	420	30	20	10
Central and West African origins	295	160	135	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	40	30	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Chadian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Congolese	100	55	40	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	335	170	165	20	15	10
Algerian	110	50	55	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	20	0	10	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	185	90	95	15	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	40	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	65	70	10	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	125	65	60	10	0	0
Asian origins	1,000	485	515	225	115	110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	425	220	205	105	60	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	105	40	60	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	30	10	0	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	90	90	65	30	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	20	30	0	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	10	15	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	175	100	75	15	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	45	25	15	0	0	0
East Indian	45	30	15	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	60	25	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	10	0	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	385	155	230	105	45	60
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	85	50	40	0	0	0
Chinese	195	65	130	60	20	40
Filipino	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	30	45	15	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	15	10	10	10
Australian	0	0	10	10	0	10
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
Owner	18,375	...	...	1,930	...	...
Renter	15,265	...	...	310	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	33,645	...	...	2,240	...	...
Condominium	4,380	...	...	70	...	...
Not condominium	29,260	...	...	2,175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
No bedrooms	160	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,370	...	...	120	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,850	...	...	375	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,540	...	...	815	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,720	...	...	930	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	33,640	...	...	2,245	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,305	...	...	210	...	...
5 rooms	6,030	...	...	200	...	...
6 rooms	3,545	...	...	255	...	...
7 rooms	3,445	...	...	370	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,315	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,505	...	...	2,240	...	...
More than 1 person per room	135	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	33,645	...	...	2,245	...	...
Suitable	32,675	...	...	2,210	...	...
Not suitable	970	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
1960 or before	5,225	...	...	860	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,880	...	...	520	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,440	...	...	305	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,755	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,610	...	...	155	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,340	...	...	140	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,385	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	33,645	...	...	2,240	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,030	...	...	2,120	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,605	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	33,640	...	...	2,240	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,020	...	...	1,415	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,225	...	...	815	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	395	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	33,645	...	...	2,240	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,475	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,720	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,015	...	...	225	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,255	...	...	445	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,965	...	...	565	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,480	...	...	480	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,955	...	...	270	...	...
85 years and over	780	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	33,595	...	...	2,230	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,235	...	...	1,690	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,360	...	...	540	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,715	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,365	...	...	1,925	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.5	...	...	51.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.7	...	...	19.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,081	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,090	...	...	1,450	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,591	...	...	424,814	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	235,881	...	...	531,754	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,265	...	...	315	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.9	...	...	19.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.5	...	...	55.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	716	...	...	908	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	768	...	...	1,021	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,085	2,390
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,265	7,760	7,510	410	205	205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,405	6,730	7,680	1,115	505	615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,540	14,495	16,045	2,950	1,375	1,575
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,610	7,245	5,360	320	200	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,485	4,785	4,705	235	130	100
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,120	2,465	660	90	70	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,980	4,060	5,920	900	330	575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,030	755	1,280	225	85	135
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,925	2,440	3,480	1,500	755	745
Bachelor's degree	4,280	1,705	2,580	935	450	480
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	545	210	330	100	50	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	65	70	35	20	20
Master's degree	850	385	465	350	185	165
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	70	35	85	50	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	38,425	18,910	19,515	2,555	1,140	1,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,205	4,115	3,090	110	55	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,985	3,905	4,075	555	230	320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,235	10,890	12,345	1,890	855	1,035
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,790	5,570	4,215	185	110	75
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,455	3,745	3,710	140	75	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,335	1,830	505	40	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,315	3,000	4,310	490	195	295
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,410	535	875	120	40	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,725	1,780	2,945	1,090	510	580
Bachelor's degree	3,460	1,275	2,180	695	305	390
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	445	165	285	75	40	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	35	65	30	15	15
Master's degree	650	270	380	245	125	125
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	70	40	30	55	30	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,210	28,980	31,235	4,475	2,085	2,390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	29,670	14,485	15,190	1,525	710	820
Education	2,425	560	1,865	210	55	155
13. Education	2,420	560	1,865	205	60	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	905	435	475	235	90	145
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	120	40	25	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	740	310	435	210	70	145
Humanities	1,325	530	790	220	100	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	15	105	15	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	55	20	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	840	340	500	90	50	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	20	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	40	45	10	0	10
54. History	45	35	10	30	10	25
55. French language and literature/letters	160	65	95	15	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,110	415	1,695	385	125	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	65	135	65	15	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	745	25	720	45	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	360	100	265	40	20	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	0	75	10	0	0
42. Psychology	365	75	295	65	15	50
45. Social sciences	360	155	205	160	65	90
Business, management and public administration	6,640	2,240	4,400	710	295	415
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	70	300	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,255	2,170	4,085	695	295	400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	325	275	190	115	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	60	115	70	40	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	70	40	45	20	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	55	65	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	155	120	40	70	55	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	860	550	310	70	40	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	710	520	190	40	35	10
25. Library science	115	10	110	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,220	6,635	580	445	395	55
04. Architecture and related services	160	90	70	35	15	20
14. Engineering	505	410	95	165	140	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,480	1,270	205	80	80	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,945	1,875	70	35	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,850	1,770	75	75	75	10
48. Precision production	1,285	1,225	70	50	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	225	165	60	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	255	100	145	55	25	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	125	15	0	10	0
Health and related fields	4,430	735	3,695	295	50	240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	125	70	15	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	4,205	595	3,610	255	40	220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	15	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,645	1,845	1,795	130	75	55
12. Personal and culinary services	1,910	400	1,505	65	25	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	680	485	200	25	10	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,050	955	95	40	40	10
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	38,430	18,910	19,510	2,555	1,140	1,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,190	8,025	7,165	660	285	375
Education	1,665	365	1,305	95	15	80
13. Education	1,665	365	1,300	95	15	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	630	310	320	145	45	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	95	40	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	495	215	285	135	40	100
Humanities	875	350	530	130	55	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	75	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	35	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	235	315	40	25	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	10	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	0	30	0	0	0
54. History	30	20	10	25	10	20
55. French language and literature/letters	120	45	75	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,690	285	1,405	265	100	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	35	110	40	15	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	600	15	590	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	290	65	220	30	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	0	10	0
42. Psychology	330	55	275	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	290	115	180	105	55	50
Business, management and public administration	5,050	1,610	3,440	490	185	305
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	290	40	250	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,750	1,570	3,180	485	185	295
Physical and life sciences and technologies	390	220	175	120	70	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	65	105	55	35	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	50	25	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	80	35	55	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	745	490	260	50	25	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	630	460	165	30	25	10
25. Library science	95	10	85	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,490	5,005	490	275	235	50
04. Architecture and related services	140	75	70	25	10	15
14. Engineering	430	340	90	100	70	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,135	980	155	55	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,450	1,395	55	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,325	1,260	70	50	45	0
48. Precision production	1,015	965	50	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	175	135	50	25	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	65	120	50	25	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	105	15	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,435	565	2,875	175	45	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	85	65	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,260	465	2,795	155	30	125
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	10	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,940	1,520	1,420	85	45	40
12. Personal and culinary services	1,475	305	1,170	45	15	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	560	385	170	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	905	825	80	25	20	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,085	2,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,670	14,480	15,190	1,530	710	815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,540	14,500	16,045	2,945	1,375	1,570
Location of study inside Canada	29,860	14,125	15,730	2,550	1,145	1,410
Same as province or territory of residence	29,405	13,885	15,520	2,090	915	1,170
Different than province or territory of residence	460	240	215	465	225	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	680	370	310	395	235	165
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	65	0	105	65	35
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	150	95	55
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	255	160	95	25	10	10
Other	355	145	210	120	60	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	38,425	18,915	19,510	2,555	1,140	1,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,190	8,025	7,165	665	290	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,235	10,890	12,350	1,890	850	1,040
Location of study inside Canada	22,705	10,645	12,060	1,700	750	950
Same as province or territory of residence	22,370	10,465	11,910	1,355	595	760
Different than province or territory of residence	330	180	150	345	155	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	530	240	285	190	100	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	25	0	65	40	20
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	45	30	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	180	105	80	20	10	15
Other	315	115	195	65	25	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,085	2,390
In the labour force	36,730	18,860	17,870	2,700	1,380	1,320
Employed	34,030	17,330	16,700	2,545	1,310	1,230
Unemployed	2,700	1,530	1,170	155	70	90
Not in the labour force	23,480	10,120	13,360	1,775	705	1,070
Participation rate	61.0	65.1	57.2	60.3	66.2	55.2
Employment rate	56.5	59.8	53.5	56.9	62.8	51.5
Unemployment rate	7.4	8.1	6.5	5.7	5.1	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	60,210	28,980	31,230	4,475	2,085	2,390
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,480	9,695	12,785	1,600	645	950
Worked	37,730	19,285	18,450	2,875	1,435	1,440
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,470	9,560	7,910	1,365	775	590
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	20,260	9,725	10,535	1,510	660	850
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.3	42.3	43.6	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	36,730	18,860	17,875	2,700	1,385	1,320
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	940	505	430	25	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,790	18,355	17,440	2,675	1,365	1,310
Employee	31,500	15,850	15,655	2,060	1,010	1,055
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,285	2,505	1,785	610	355	255
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	36,730	18,860	17,875	2,700	1,385	1,320
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	940	505	430	30	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,790	18,350	17,440	2,675	1,370	1,310
0 Management occupations	3,045	1,925	1,120	525	350	175
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,870	1,315	3,550	470	200	270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,835	1,420	415	215	170	45
3 Health occupations	2,775	380	2,395	130	35	95
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,250	1,085	3,165	290	65	225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	755	375	375	125	35	95
6 Sales and service occupations	9,570	4,125	5,445	610	265	350
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,050	5,700	355	195	185	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	430	360	70	85	55	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,205	1,670	535	20	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	36,730	18,860	17,870	2,700	1,385	1,320
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	940	505	430	25	15	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,795	18,350	17,440	2,675	1,365	1,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	255	150	100	25	15	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	60	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	340	245	95	20	15	0
23 Construction	3,050	2,650	400	190	140	50
31-33 Manufacturing	4,225	3,150	1,080	250	175	80
41 Wholesale trade	1,340	905	435	185	95	90
44-45 Retail trade	5,385	2,515	2,870	280	105	170
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,720	1,310	410	160	105	50
51 Information and cultural industries	435	260	175	55	25	25
52 Finance and insurance	780	290	495	135	85	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	470	305	160	70	35	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,705	875	825	310	165	140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,770	1,090	680	130	65	70
61 Educational services	2,570	690	1,875	205	50	155
62 Health care and social assistance	5,055	775	4,275	225	50	180
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	700	365	330	85	35	55
72 Accommodation and food services	2,765	1,140	1,630	145	80	65
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,615	715	905	115	55	60
91 Public administration	1,520	835	685	90	60	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	34,035	17,330	16,700	2,545	1,315	1,235
Worked at home	2,085	1,005	1,085	470	215	250
Worked outside Canada	70	60	10	15	10	10
No fixed workplace address	3,970	3,050	920	300	200	100
Worked at usual place	27,900	13,215	14,685	1,760	895	870
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	27,905	13,215	14,685	1,760	895	865
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,765	5,570	8,195	385	165	220
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,030	445	585	310	155	155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,035	7,165	5,865	1,010	550	460
Commute to a different province or territory	70	40	35	55	25	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	31,875	16,265	15,610	2,060	1,090	970
Car, truck, van - as a driver	27,455	14,290	13,170	1,670	900	775
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,240	500	735	115	55	60
Public transit	1,150	475	680	115	60	55
Walked	1,555	680	875	110	50	60
Bicycle	150	105	45	25	15	10
Other method	320	215	100	25	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	31,875	16,265	15,610	2,060	1,090	970
Less than 15 minutes	10,775	4,740	6,035	445	180	265
15 to 29 minutes	9,625	4,485	5,140	425	200	225
30 to 44 minutes	5,460	3,070	2,395	485	270	220
45 to 59 minutes	2,820	1,870	950	285	180	110
60 minutes and over	3,190	2,100	1,090	415	255	155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	31,875	16,265	15,605	2,060	1,090	975
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,700	2,830	870	90	50	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,790	3,570	2,220	405	245	165
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,495	3,635	4,860	645	360	285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,035	1,765	3,270	360	165	195
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,110	1,140	1,975	350	170	180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,745	3,325	2,415	200	95	105
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	39,055	20,015	19,035	2,930	1,460	1,470
Single responses	37,305	19,005	18,300	2,615	1,315	1,300
Official languages	37,275	18,990	18,290	2,600	1,310	1,295
English	1,110	665	445	1,825	945	880
French	36,170	18,320	17,845	775	365	410
Non-official languages	25	15	10	10	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	20	10	10	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,755	1,015	745	320	145	175
English and French	1,700	985	715	315	140	170
English and non-official language	10	10	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	39,055	20,020	19,040	2,930	1,460	1,470
None	30,005	14,895	15,105	1,330	640	695
English	8,035	4,505	3,525	595	280	310
French	810	500	310	1,000	535	465
Non-official language	120	70	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	65	50	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	50	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	70,455	34,235	36,215	5,170	2,455	2,710
Non-movers	59,980	29,335	30,645	4,665	2,200	2,465
Movers	10,475	4,900	5,580	505	255	250
Non-migrants	5,470	2,560	2,910	145	80	70
Migrants	5,005	2,335	2,670	355	180	180
Internal migrants	4,860	2,275	2,590	290	145	150
Intraprovincial migrants	4,795	2,235	2,555	240	120	120
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	35	50	25	25
External migrants	150	60	85	65	35	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	67,375	32,720	34,660	5,040	2,395	2,645
Non-movers	37,145	18,365	18,780	3,480	1,640	1,845
Movers	30,235	14,355	15,880	1,560	755	805
Non-migrants	15,475	7,270	8,200	425	180	240
Migrants	14,765	7,085	7,680	1,140	575	570
Internal migrants	14,255	6,845	7,405	1,000	495	505
Intraprovincial migrants	13,975	6,700	7,275	880	445	435
Interprovincial migrants	280	150	130	120	55	65
External migrants	505	235	265	135	75	60

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Jérôme, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Hudson, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Hudson, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Hudson, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Hudson, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec