Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thurso, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fort McMurray [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Thurso, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Fort McMurray Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Thurso, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Thurso, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Fort McMurray [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,818	...	...	66,573	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,455	...	...	60,555^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	14.8	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,308	...	...	28,567	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,228	...	...	23,937	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	449.0	...	...	1,285.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.28	...	...	51.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,815	1,395	1,420	66,575	35,920	30,655
0 to 14 years	535	265	270	13,140	6,775	6,365
0 to 4 years	180	90	90	5,585	2,900	2,685
5 to 9 years	190	95	95	4,295	2,175	2,120
10 to 14 years	165	80	80	3,265	1,700	1,565
15 to 64 years	1,775	900	880	51,720	28,200	23,520
15 to 19 years	140	80	60	3,140	1,685	1,450
20 to 24 years	165	80	80	4,250	2,200	2,050
25 to 29 years	205	105	105	7,340	3,770	3,575
30 to 34 years	190	90	100	8,365	4,475	3,895
35 to 39 years	185	85	95	6,720	3,590	3,130
40 to 44 years	150	85	70	5,525	3,085	2,435
45 to 49 years	140	65	75	5,005	2,765	2,230
50 to 54 years	190	90	105	4,980	2,820	2,160
55 to 59 years	250	135	115	4,170	2,460	1,710
60 to 64 years	170	85	80	2,230	1,335	890
65 years and over	500	230	270	1,710	945	765
65 to 69 years	150	75	70	955	570	385
70 to 74 years	105	45	55	365	200	165
75 to 79 years	80	40	35	205	105	100
80 to 84 years	85	35	50	120	40	85
85 years and over	85	25	55	75	35	35
85 to 89 years	60	25	35	65	30	30
90 to 94 years	25	5	15	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	5	5	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.0	19.0	19.7	18.9	20.8
15 to 64 years	63.1	64.5	62.0	77.7	78.5	76.7
65 years and over	17.8	16.5	19.0	2.6	2.6	2.5
85 years and over	3.0	1.8	3.9	0.1	0.1	0.1
Average age of the population	40.8	40.2	41.4	33.0	33.7	32.2
Median age of the population	39.8	39.6	40.0	33.1	33.8	32.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,225	...	...	23,940	...	...
Single-detached house	710	...	...	11,435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	585	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	515	...	...	9,385	...	...
Semi-detached house	160	...	...	1,135	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	2,635	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	220	...	...	5,210	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	2,530	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,230	...	...	23,935	...	...
1 person	380	...	...	5,610	...	...
2 persons	465	...	...	6,930	...	...
3 persons	185	...	...	4,375	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...	3,850	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	3,175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,770	...	...	66,480	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,280	1,135	1,145	53,435	29,145	24,285
Married or living common law	1,310	655	650	31,635	16,365	15,265
Married	705	350	350	26,100	13,590	12,510
Living common law	600	300	300	5,535	2,775	2,755
Not married and not living common law	975	480	495	21,800	12,780	9,020
Never married	630	355	275	17,810	10,710	7,090
Separated	25	15	10	1,620	975	645
Divorced	140	65	75	1,810	955	855
Widowed	180	45	135	565	135	435
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	825	...	...	16,405	...	...
2 persons	470	...	...	7,170	...	...
3 persons	170	...	...	3,930	...	...
4 persons	120	...	...	3,550	...	...
5 or more persons	65	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	825	...	...	16,405	...	...
Total couple families	645	...	...	14,000	...	...
Married couples	345	...	...	11,235	...	...
Common-law couples	300	...	...	2,765	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	175	...	...	2,405	...	...
Female parent	125	...	...	1,550	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	855	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	650	...	...	14,000	...	...
Couples without children	355	...	...	5,770	...	...
Couples with children	290	...	...	8,230	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	3,240	...	...
2 children	105	...	...	3,345	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	1,640	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	2,405	...	...
1 child	115	...	...	1,400	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	685	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	505	260	245	16,620	10,620	6,000
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,230	...	...	23,935	...	...
One-census-family households	805	...	...	14,705	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	350	...	...	5,125	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	455	...	...	9,580	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	825	...	...
Non-census-family households	415	...	...	8,410	...	...
One-person households	380	...	...	5,610	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	2,795	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,820	1,400	1,415	66,530	35,900	30,630
English only	20	15	10	61,040	33,065	27,975
French only	1,655	785	870	145	70	75
English and French	1,140	600	540	4,735	2,475	2,260
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	610	290	320
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,815	1,395	1,415	66,530	35,900	30,635
English	95	45	50	63,805	34,395	29,405
French	2,705	1,350	1,355	1,760	1,015	750
English and French	20	10	15	380	220	165
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	580	275	310
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	105	50	55	1,955	1,120	835
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.7	3.6	3.9	2.9	3.1	2.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,820	1,400	1,415	66,530	35,895	30,630
Single responses	2,775	1,385	1,395	65,385	35,290	30,095
Official languages	2,755	1,370	1,390	51,600	28,150	23,445
English	75	35	45	49,835	27,160	22,675
French	2,680	1,335	1,345	1,765	990	775
Non-official languages	20	15	5	13,785	7,140	6,650
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	195	80	115
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	130	50	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	110	45	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	35	65
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	55	25	35
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	15	5	13,595	7,060	6,535
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	2,645	1,595	1,050
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	795	520	275
Bilen	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	60	25	35
Somali	0	0	0	720	485	240
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,825	1,060	770
Amharic	0	0	0	450	265	180
Arabic	0	0	0	1,265	720	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	95	55	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	3,125	1,345	1,775
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	80	35	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	70	20	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	2,850	1,230	1,625
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	30	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	25	20	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	360	200	160
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	150	80	65
Tamil	0	0	0	125	75	50
Telugu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	5	5,480	2,910	2,570
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	530	265	265
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	515	265	255
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	125	70	60
Russian	0	0	0	145	70	80
Serbian	0	0	0	65	30	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	380	210	170
Afrikaans	0	0	0	155	70	85
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	65	40	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	145	85	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,470	1,870	1,600
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	3,245	1,740	1,505
Bengali	0	0	0	235	125	110
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,030	550	475
Hindi	0	0	0	405	215	185
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	65	40	30
Nepali	0	0	0	30	20	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	405	235	175
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Urdu	0	0	0	995	520	475
Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	120	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	75	40	35
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	125	70	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	1,050	530	520
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	30	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	125	55	65
Romanian	0	0	0	110	65	50
Spanish	10	5	5	780	390	390
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Korean	0	0	0	160	75	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	770	400	370
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	25	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	15	10	0
Igbo	0	0	0	50	25	25
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Shona	0	0	0	110	55	55
Swahili	0	0	0	70	40	25
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	100	50	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	140	145
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	70	55	15
Dinka	0	0	0	35	25	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	670	335	330
Chinese languages	5	0	0	655	330	325
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	65	60
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	5	5	0	335	165	165
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	100	90
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	10	45
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	40	5	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple responses	40	15	30	1,145	610	540
English and French	40	15	25	130	65	65
English and non-official language	0	0	0	920	480	440
French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	50	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,815	1,400	1,420	66,530	35,900	30,635
Single responses	2,745	1,370	1,375	64,370	34,775	29,595
Official languages	2,740	1,370	1,375	56,180	30,435	25,750
English	70	35	35	55,200	29,865	25,335
French	2,670	1,335	1,340	980	565	415
Non-official languages	0	5	0	8,190	4,345	3,845
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	50	20	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	8,135	4,325	3,810
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,835	1,080	760
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	565	365	200
Bilen	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oromo	0	0	0	35	15	20
Somali	0	0	0	530	345	180
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,265	715	555
Amharic	0	0	0	315	185	135
Arabic	0	0	0	860	480	380
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	75	45	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,545	745	800
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	20	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,455	705	755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	265	140	130
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	45	45
Tamil	0	0	0	105	55	50
Telugu	0	0	0	70	30	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,425	1,800	1,625
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	245	130	115
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	240	125	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Russian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Serbian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	135	70	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	100	50	50
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,430	1,275	1,150
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,270	1,190	1,080
Bengali	0	0	0	150	70	75
Gujarati	0	0	0	765	400	365
Hindi	0	0	0	295	160	135
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	50	30	20
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	260	150	115
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Urdu	0	0	0	695	345	340
Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	80	70
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	55	30	25
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	605	315	290
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Spanish	0	0	0	480	250	230
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	110	60	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	370	190	175
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swahili	0	0	0	35	25	10
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	75
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	45	35	10
Dinka	0	0	0	20	15	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	395	205	190
Chinese languages	5	5	0	390	205	190
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	35	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	220	110	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	110	60	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5
Multiple responses	70	30	45	2,160	1,120	1,040
English and French	60	20	35	120	65	55
English and non-official language	5	0	0	1,955	1,000	955
French and non-official language	10	5	5	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,815	1,395	1,420	66,530	35,900	30,630
None	2,535	1,255	1,285	58,950	32,035	26,915
English	250	130	115	3,335	1,745	1,590
French	25	15	10	715	380	340
Non-official language	10	0	0	3,410	1,680	1,730
Aboriginal	0	0	0	90	35	50
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	0	3,320	1,645	1,675
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	5	5	0	65	35	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,235	1,115	1,120	53,340	29,105	24,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,165	1,075	1,090	50,450	27,855	22,595
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,184	36,928	24,789	77,740	120,598	45,096
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,165	1,075	1,090	50,450	27,855	22,595
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,203	32,933	23,573	63,234	92,626	39,629
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,840	960	885	47,325	27,275	20,050
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,032	35,285	20,949	83,658	122,937	49,113
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,700	785	910	22,065	7,985	14,080
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,132	7,952	9,976	2,282	1,694	2,596
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,475	780	695	45,315	26,570	18,750
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,712	39,264	24,640	85,549	123,208	51,127
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,220	1,100	1,120	53,285	29,110	24,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,125	1,040	1,080	50,445	27,930	22,510
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,903	43,171	30,883	99,264	131,345	59,461
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,130	1,040	1,090	50,440	27,930	22,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,559	35,951	27,360	75,163	97,231	47,782
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,820	915	900	47,380	27,345	20,035
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,296	41,242	25,264	103,280	132,680	63,148
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,645	735	910	21,680	7,860	13,820
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,911	9,955	11,679	5,242	5,108	5,319
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,455	770	690	45,260	26,600	18,665
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,556	44,310	27,886	103,124	130,437	64,205
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,220	1,100	1,120	53,285	29,105	24,175
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	660	375	285	28,275	18,255	10,020
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,367	55,089	39,599	106,457	137,832	69,096
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,291	58,849	39,094	121,286	143,304	81,195
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.4	84.1	70.0	97.7	98.9	94.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.3	72.1	60.3	93.8	95.3	89.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.6	15.9	29.9	2.3	1.1	5.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,235	1,115	1,120	53,340	29,105	24,235
Without total income	70	40	35	2,890	1,250	1,640
With total income	2,160	1,075	1,085	50,445	27,855	22,595
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.4	96.9	94.6	95.7	93.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	245	100	140	6,150	1,640	4,515
$10,000 to $19,999	430	150	280	3,370	1,230	2,145
$20,000 to $29,999	370	150	215	3,105	1,030	2,075
$30,000 to $39,999	345	185	160	2,875	1,125	1,745
$40,000 to $49,999	240	120	120	2,650	975	1,670
$50,000 to $59,999	195	105	80	2,670	1,085	1,585
$60,000 to $69,999	125	85	45	2,640	1,170	1,470
$70,000 to $79,999	90	65	25	2,225	1,080	1,145
$80,000 to $89,999	60	50	15	2,030	1,035	995
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	2,065	1,160	900
$100,000 and over	40	40	0	20,660	16,320	4,340
$100,000 to $149,999	30	30	5	7,730	5,150	2,580
$150,000 and over	10	5	0	12,935	11,175	1,760
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,235	1,115	1,120	53,340	29,105	24,235
Without after-tax income	70	35	30	2,890	1,255	1,640
With after-tax income	2,160	1,075	1,090	50,450	27,855	22,600
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.4	97.3	94.6	95.7	93.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	255	105	150	6,205	1,655	4,550
$10,000 to $19,999	440	155	285	3,580	1,295	2,280
$20,000 to $29,999	470	210	260	3,655	1,225	2,430
$30,000 to $39,999	405	210	195	3,495	1,390	2,110
$40,000 to $49,999	275	160	110	3,755	1,490	2,265
$50,000 to $59,999	175	115	65	3,535	1,605	1,930
$60,000 to $69,999	85	65	20	3,035	1,495	1,540
$70,000 to $79,999	35	35	0	2,860	1,660	1,200
$80,000 and over	25	25	0	20,335	16,040	4,290
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	2,790	1,720	1,070
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	2,260	1,500	760
$100,000 and over	15	15	5	15,285	12,820	2,460
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,235	1,115	1,120	53,340	29,105	24,235
Without employment income	760	330	425	8,025	2,540	5,485
With employment income	1,475	785	695	45,315	26,565	18,750
Percentage with employment income	66.0	70.4	62.1	85.0	91.3	77.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	190	70	115	2,595	945	1,650
$5,000 to $9,999	110	50	60	1,615	595	1,020
$10,000 to $19,999	215	90	125	2,905	1,105	1,805
$20,000 to $29,999	195	80	110	2,610	935	1,675
$30,000 to $39,999	200	110	90	2,615	1,045	1,570
$40,000 to $49,999	160	90	75	2,420	930	1,490
$50,000 to $59,999	135	85	50	2,445	1,005	1,445
$60,000 to $69,999	100	60	35	2,360	1,030	1,330
$70,000 to $79,999	85	65	20	2,045	990	1,050
$80,000 and over	95	85	10	23,710	17,990	5,720
$80,000 to $89,999	45	40	10	1,935	1,040	895
$90,000 to $99,999	25	25	5	1,935	1,105	825
$100,000 and over	25	25	5	19,845	15,845	4,000
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,230	...	...	23,935	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,077	...	...	195,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,565	...	...	148,163	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	380	...	...	5,610	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,608	...	...	106,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,880	...	...	83,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	850	...	...	18,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	221,425	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,709	...	...	168,545	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,230	...	...	23,900	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,889	...	...	209,514	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,767	...	...	158,645	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	405	...	...	4,455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,438	...	...	129,785	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,834	...	...	95,831	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	19,440	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,236	...	...	227,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,913	...	...	173,045	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,230	...	...	23,940	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	160	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	175	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	210	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	80	...	...	195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	270	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	460	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	565	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	490	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	580	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 and over	210	...	...	18,945	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	95	...	...	1,660	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	1,665	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	4,055	...	...
$200,000 and over	10	...	...	11,575	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,230	...	...	23,940	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	420	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	160	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	175	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	250	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	250	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	265	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	250	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	85	...	...	330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	160	...	...	705	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	120	...	...	705	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75	...	...	800	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	880	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	845	...	...
$100,000 and over	125	...	...	17,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	75	...	...	2,540	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	3,085	...	...
$150,000 and over	20	...	...	11,745	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	820	...	...	16,275	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,456	...	...	214,189	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,624	...	...	162,751	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	5,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,912	...	...	209,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,720	...	...	158,390	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	295	...	...	8,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	230,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,672	...	...	174,150	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	2,080	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,648	...	...	123,989	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,600	...	...	101,146	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	805	...	...	18,030	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,568	...	...	219,830	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,139	...	...	166,577	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	305	...	...	6,300	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,014	...	...	214,197	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,833	...	...	161,175	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	315	...	...	9,185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,188	...	...	235,598	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,439	...	...	178,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	1,685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,871	...	...	144,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	36,980	...	...	112,580	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	450	235	215	13,145	8,560	4,585
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,224	35,712	23,072	83,371	103,394	58,957
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,547	31,168	22,176	66,683	80,066	49,451
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	450	215	235	10,105	7,040	3,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,298	35,708	31,094	103,209	115,193	75,714
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,924	30,450	27,528	77,935	85,871	59,726
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,770	1,375	1,390	66,475	35,875	30,605
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,875	900	975	10,450	5,055	5,390
In the bottom decile	310	145	170	3,290	1,680	1,610
In the second decile	385	170	215	1,625	695	930
In the third decile	470	225	245	1,660	790	865
In the fourth decile	375	185	195	1,715	845	870
In the fifth decile	335	170	160	2,165	1,050	1,115
In the top half of the distribution	895	480	420	56,030	30,815	25,210
In the sixth decile	300	155	145	2,600	1,315	1,285
In the seventh decile	205	105	100	3,470	1,770	1,700
In the eighth decile	180	105	75	5,490	2,890	2,600
In the ninth decile	145	80	65	10,405	5,550	4,850
In the top decile	65	30	30	34,070	19,290	14,775
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,770	1,380	1,395	66,475	35,875	30,605
0 to 17 years	625	315	310	15,025	7,785	7,235
0 to 5 years	220	105	110	6,500	3,340	3,155
18 to 64 years	1,680	845	835	49,810	27,175	22,635
65 years and over	465	215	245	1,650	920	735
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	495	220	275	2,850	1,390	1,455
0 to 17 years	145	75	65	935	500	440
0 to 5 years	45	20	20	405	200	205
18 to 64 years	245	105	135	1,805	845	960
65 years and over	105	35	70	105	50	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.9	15.9	19.7	4.3	3.9	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	23.2	23.8	21.0	6.2	6.4	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	20.5	19.0	18.2	6.2	6.0	6.5
18 to 64 years (%)	14.6	12.4	16.2	3.6	3.1	4.2
65 years and over (%)	22.6	16.3	28.6	6.4	5.4	8.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	195	95	105	2,990	1,540	1,450
0 to 17 years	55	25	25	730	385	345
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	290	140	155
18 to 64 years	130	60	70	2,180	1,110	1,070
65 years and over	15	5	10	80	45	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	6.9	7.5	4.5	4.3	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.8	7.9	8.1	4.9	4.9	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.8	9.5	4.5	4.5	4.2	4.9
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	7.1	8.4	4.4	4.1	4.7
65 years and over (%)	3.2	2.3	4.1	4.8	4.9	4.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,770	1,385	1,390	66,385	35,870	30,520
Official languages	2,770	1,380	1,390	65,765	35,575	30,195
English	1,100	565	535	65,665	35,520	30,140
French	2,745	1,370	1,380	4,815	2,530	2,285
Non-official languages	70	40	30	17,660	9,020	8,645
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	290	110	180
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	200	65	135
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	170	60	110
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	145	50	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	65	25	35
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	40	30	17,385	8,920	8,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,235	1,925	1,310
Berber languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	620	405	215
Bilen	0	0	0	30	25	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	590	380	215
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,630	1,535	1,095
Amharic	0	0	0	545	315	225
Arabic	0	0	0	1,820	1,030	790
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	240	170	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	35	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	25	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	4,410	1,950	2,460
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	130	70	65
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	130	55	75
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	80	45	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	4,200	1,845	2,355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	120	65	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	50	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	540	305	235
Kannada	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	205	110	95
Tamil	0	0	0	235	135	95
Telugu	0	0	0	80	50	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	45	30	6,800	3,560	3,240
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	660	290	375
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic languages	10	0	0	655	285	370
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	60	15	35
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polish	0	0	0	165	80	80
Russian	10	0	0	210	85	120
Serbian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	10	0	0	100	35	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	515	290	225
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	80	90
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	90	70	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	265	145	120
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,955	2,120	1,835
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	3,820	2,045	1,775
Bengali	0	0	0	220	125	100
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,075	550	525
Hindi	0	0	0	1,050	585	460
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	105	55	45
Nepali	0	0	0	70	50	20
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	630	375	255
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	140	70	75
Urdu	0	0	0	1,260	655	605
Iranian languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashto	0	0	0	45	20	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	70	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	1,710	860	845
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	135	80	60
Portuguese	15	0	10	135	60	75
Romanian	0	0	0	115	65	55
Spanish	45	20	20	1,350	675	675
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	60	20	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	200	90	105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	1,185	630	550
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	90	40	45
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	30	20	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	55	45	10
Igbo	0	0	0	125	60	60
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Shona	0	0	0	135	65	70
Swahili	0	0	0	140	80	65
Wolof	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	225	130	90
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	380	195	190
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	50	40	10
Dinka	0	0	0	30	30	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	0	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	0	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	895	420	465
Chinese languages	0	0	0	865	415	455
Cantonese	0	0	0	185	110	80
Hakka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	580	250	325
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	115	60	60
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	115	40	75
Lao	0	0	0	35	20	15
Thai	0	0	0	75	15	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	65	45	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	55	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	85	55	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,775	1,385	1,385	66,385	35,865	30,520
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,755	1,375	1,380	58,860	32,260	26,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	645	340	300	13,920	7,160	6,760
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,110	1,035	1,080	44,935	25,100	19,840
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15	10	10	7,530	3,605	3,925
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,770	1,385	1,390	66,385	35,865	30,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,720	1,370	1,350	49,615	27,145	22,470
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	50	15	40	15,380	8,025	7,355
Before 1981	10	0	10	970	620	350
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	845	490	350
1991 to 2000	10	0	15	1,915	1,095	815
2001 to 2010	20	10	15	6,740	3,530	3,205
2001 to 2005	20	10	10	2,770	1,450	1,320
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	3,970	2,085	1,885
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	4,910	2,280	2,630
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,390	695	695
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	50	15	40	15,380	8,025	7,355
Under 5 years	20	10	15	1,240	725	520
5 to 14 years	10	0	10	2,445	1,330	1,115
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	3,030	1,580	1,445
25 to 44 years	15	0	15	7,505	3,765	3,745
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,155	625	530
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	50	10	35	15,375	8,025	7,355
Americas	20	10	10	1,580	795	795
Brazil	0	0	0	55	20	35
Colombia	10	10	0	65	30	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	70	35	30
Guyana	0	0	0	25	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	55	35	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	235	130	105
Mexico	0	0	0	100	30	65
Peru	0	0	0	55	25	35
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	85	45	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	365	185	175
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	475	240	240
Europe	20	0	15	1,505	880	625
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	30	20
Croatia	0	0	0	15	0	15
France	15	0	10	25	0	15
Germany	0	0	0	135	90	45
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	70	45	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	90	30	60
Italy	0	0	0	40	30	15
Netherlands	0	0	0	45	40	0
Poland	0	0	0	65	25	40
Portugal	0	0	0	40	30	0
Romania	0	0	0	100	50	50
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	25	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	20	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	500	325	170
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	205	105	95
Africa	0	0	10	3,020	1,780	1,245
Algeria	0	0	0	50	25	25
Egypt	0	0	0	45	30	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	490	285	205
Kenya	0	0	0	95	30	60
Morocco	0	0	0	100	70	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	425	250	175
Somalia	0	0	0	465	315	150
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	170	90	80
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	1,185	675	510
Asia	10	0	0	9,060	4,460	4,600
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	95	50	45
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	465	200	265
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	65	35	30
India	0	0	0	2,135	1,165	970
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	55	30	20
Iraq	0	0	0	20	15	10
Japan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	160	60	100
Lebanon	0	0	0	420	220	200
Pakistan	0	0	0	905	520	385
Philippines	0	0	0	3,525	1,520	2,005
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	285	160	125
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0	65	25	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	700	385	325
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	205	110	95
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	4,910	2,280	2,630
Americas	0	0	0	430	215	215
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	35	30	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	60	20	40
Mexico	0	0	0	20	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	85	50	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	155	95	55
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	15	20
Europe	0	0	0	275	155	120
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	55	15	35
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	80	65	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	90	50	40
Africa	0	0	0	1,000	465	540
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	165	120	45
Ethiopia	0	0	0	215	90	125
Morocco	0	0	0	25	0	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	100	55	45
Somalia	0	0	0	90	45	40
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	60	30	25
Tunisia	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	285	95	195
Asia	0	0	0	3,135	1,410	1,730
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	125	60	70
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	530	285	240
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	75	35	40
Nepal	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	205	115	90
Philippines	0	0	0	1,800	760	1,045
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	35	20	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	65	35	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	160	55	110
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	40	30
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	60	40	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,770	1,380	1,385	66,385	35,865	30,520
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	50	15	35	16,975	8,845	8,125
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	65	35	30	7,600	4,245	3,350
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,655	1,330	1,320	41,820	22,770	19,045
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	40	15	30	14,530	7,475	7,055
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	10	8,460	4,515	3,940
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	3,630	2,395	1,235
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	0	4,825	2,125	2,705
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	25	10	15	3,865	1,590	2,275
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	2,090	1,310	785
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	115	60	55
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,770	1,385	1,390	66,385	35,865	30,520
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	85	50	35	5,195	2,760	2,435
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	85	45	35	5,055	2,685	2,370
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	65	40	20	2,870	1,485	1,385
Métis	20	10	15	2,065	1,145	920
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	120	55	65
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	120	65	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,685	1,330	1,355	61,190	33,100	28,085
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,770	1,385	1,385	66,385	35,865	30,520
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	10	2,370	1,245	1,120
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,750	1,375	1,375	64,020	34,620	29,400
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,770	1,385	1,390	66,385	35,865	30,520
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	115	60	55	1,930	1,025	905
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	115	60	55	1,900	1,000	900
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	110	60	50	1,360	695	665
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	480	270	215
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	60	35	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	150	85	60	3,275	1,670	1,600
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	150	85	65	3,145	1,600	1,550
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	90	60	2,005	1,020	990
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	980	485	490
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	160	95	65
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	125	70	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	120	70	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,510	1,235	1,270	61,185	33,170	28,010
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,770	1,385	1,390	66,385	35,865	30,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	35	10	20	18,695	9,770	8,925
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	4,785	2,610	2,175
Chinese	0	0	0	920	440	475
Black	10	0	0	4,110	2,380	1,730
Filipino	0	0	0	4,835	2,175	2,655
Latin American	15	10	10	925	475	450
Arab	0	0	0	1,775	990	780
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	460	215	240
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	160	95	65
Korean	0	0	0	225	100	125
Japanese	0	0	0	105	55	50
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	135	70	60
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	270	160	110
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,735	1,375	1,365	47,690	26,095	21,595
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,770	1,385	1,385	66,385	35,865	30,520
North American Aboriginal origins	265	150	115	5,205	2,695	2,505
First Nations (North American Indian)	255	145	110	3,515	1,810	1,705
Inuit	0	0	0	235	135	100
Métis	10	0	0	1,610	855	760
Other North American origins	2,175	1,090	1,085	22,165	12,125	10,040
Acadian	25	10	15	320	175	150
American	10	10	0	550	300	250
Canadian	2,130	1,075	1,055	21,315	11,650	9,660
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	200	120	75
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	10	25	40	20	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	780	380	395	29,425	15,990	13,435
British Isles origins	180	70	110	20,990	11,375	9,615
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	10
English	40	10	35	10,915	5,850	5,065
Irish	120	50	70	8,390	4,360	4,025
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	35	20	20	8,025	4,405	3,625
Welsh	0	0	0	645	305	345
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	10	830	480	350
French origins	610	300	310	5,075	2,600	2,470
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Breton	15	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	605	295	305	5,075	2,600	2,470
Western European origins (except French origins)	65	35	30	5,395	2,985	2,405
Austrian	0	0	0	270	135	135
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	10	115	70	45
Dutch	15	10	10	1,270	695	580
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	25	20	4,125	2,325	1,800
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	10	75	40	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,785	1,015	770
Danish	0	0	0	240	165	80
Finnish	0	0	0	115	60	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	195	110	85
Norwegian	0	0	0	700	425	280
Swedish	0	0	0	515	265	250
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	85	50	35
Eastern European origins	15	20	0	4,155	2,220	1,940
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	25
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	100	45	55
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	345	195	150
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	1,095	585	515
Romanian	0	0	0	265	155	110
Russian	0	0	0	620	310	310
Slovak	0	0	0	70	50	15
Ukrainian	15	15	0	2,035	1,100	935
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins	35	10	30	2,180	1,090	1,095
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	145	95	55
Italian	10	0	15	855	440	415
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	0	10	270	130	145
Serbian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Spanish	0	0	0	665	310	350
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	205	125	80
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	180	115	65
Caribbean origins	35	15	20	655	365	290
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	20	10
Dominican	25	10	15	35	15	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	60	35	25
Jamaican	10	10	0	335	195	145
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	35	35	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	10	0	1,060	540	520
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	80	25	55
Chilean	0	0	0	25	20	10
Colombian	0	0	0	140	95	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	30	20	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	30	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	160	70	95
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	35	35
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	305	135	170
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	80	50	35
African origins	0	0	0	4,215	2,405	1,810
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	860	485	375
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	80	55	25
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	25	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	130	65	60
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	40	35	15
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	490	270	220
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	60	35	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	45	15	30
North African origins	0	0	0	450	235	215
Algerian	0	0	0	90	35	50
Berber	0	0	0	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	120	60	55
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	25	10	15
Moroccan	0	0	0	90	55	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	40	20	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	2,275	1,320	955
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	275	200	75
Ethiopian	0	0	0	555	305	245
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	725	445	285
South African	0	0	0	105	60	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	80	55	20
Zambian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	185	95	95
Zulu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	195	95	100
Other African origins	0	0	0	660	380	285
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	645	365	275
Asian origins	10	0	0	13,525	6,820	6,705
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,845	1,055	795
Afghan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	330	215	115
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Iraqi	0	0	0	40	20	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	60	25	35
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	865	495	365
Palestinian	0	0	0	130	75	55
Pashtun	0	0	0	30	20	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	30	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	95	15	80
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	15	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	5,010	2,730	2,280
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	140	80	60
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	3,070	1,670	1,405
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	45	25	25
Pakistani	0	0	0	1,070	555	515
Punjabi	0	0	0	230	125	100
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	325	190	140
Tamil	0	0	0	60	45	20
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	125	65	60
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	0	0	6,675	3,020	3,655
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	25	10
Chinese	10	0	10	1,115	530	590
Filipino	0	0	0	4,990	2,255	2,740
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Japanese	0	0	0	125	75	50
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	235	100	130
Laotian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Thai	0	0	0	70	15	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	45	65
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	50	35	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	50	35	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	240	130	110
Australian	0	0	0	125	70	50
New Zealander	0	0	0	75	50	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	35	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,230	...	...	23,900	...	...
Owner	805	...	...	15,965	...	...
Renter	425	...	...	7,905	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,230	...	...	23,895	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	5,845	...	...
Not condominium	1,175	...	...	18,055	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,225	...	...	23,900	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	55	...	...
1 bedroom	105	...	...	2,025	...	...
2 bedrooms	365	...	...	4,680	...	...
3 bedrooms	575	...	...	7,980	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	185	...	...	9,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,230	...	...	23,900	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	310	...	...	5,275	...	...
5 rooms	270	...	...	4,225	...	...
6 rooms	235	...	...	3,860	...	...
7 rooms	190	...	...	3,055	...	...
8 or more rooms	225	...	...	7,485	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,230	...	...	23,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,230	...	...	23,360	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,225	...	...	23,900	...	...
Suitable	1,205	...	...	22,470	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	1,425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,225	...	...	23,900	...	...
1960 or before	490	...	...	135	...	...
1961 to 1980	250	...	...	6,040	...	...
1981 to 1990	125	...	...	2,815	...	...
1991 to 2000	100	...	...	2,065	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	3,895	...	...
2006 to 2010	40	...	...	6,065	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	195	...	...	2,885	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,230	...	...	23,900	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,130	...	...	22,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	100	...	...	1,020	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,230	...	...	23,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	755	...	...	13,080	...	...
2 household maintainers	460	...	...	9,705	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,225	...	...	23,900	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	860	...	...
25 to 34 years	225	...	...	6,860	...	...
35 to 44 years	220	...	...	6,255	...	...
45 to 54 years	225	...	...	5,620	...	...
55 to 64 years	160	...	...	3,540	...	...
65 to 74 years	170	...	...	640	...	...
75 to 84 years	110	...	...	120	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,225	...	...	23,775	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	940	...	...	20,860	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	285	...	...	2,920	...	...
30% to less than 100%	260	...	...	2,385	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	800	...	...	15,965	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.2	...	...	86.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.0	...	...	9.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	2,809	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	869	...	...	2,716	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,464	...	...	601,431	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	169,829	...	...	613,221	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	420	...	...	7,900	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.9	...	...	9.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.1	...	...	18.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	698	...	...	1,703	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	751	...	...	1,809	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,225	1,100	1,120	53,285	29,105	24,175
No certificate, diploma or degree	675	360	315	5,645	3,140	2,505
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	485	220	270	15,665	8,150	7,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,055	520	535	31,970	17,820	14,155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	550	335	215	7,515	6,280	1,240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	440	240	195	2,530	1,965	570
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	115	90	25	4,985	4,310	670
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	340	130	210	12,495	5,925	6,570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	20	25	1,395	635	760
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	130	40	80	10,560	4,980	5,585
Bachelor's degree	110	30	75	7,830	3,540	4,285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	445	225	215
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	220	100	120
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,885	995	895
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	10	185	125	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,440	725	715	44,290	24,245	20,045
No certificate, diploma or degree	300	165	135	3,135	1,795	1,340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	320	155	165	12,010	6,255	5,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	825	400	420	29,145	16,195	12,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	455	260	200	6,745	5,605	1,145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	355	190	175	2,295	1,770	520
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	95	75	25	4,450	3,830	625
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	250	100	150	11,345	5,405	5,940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	15	1,225	560	670
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	95	30	65	9,820	4,630	5,190
Bachelor's degree	90	25	60	7,225	3,260	3,965
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	395	215	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	205	95	110
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,815	945	870
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	175	115	60
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,220	1,100	1,120	53,280	29,110	24,175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,165	575	585	21,310	11,290	10,025
Education	95	10	85	1,445	330	1,110
13. Education	95	10	85	1,445	330	1,115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	15	545	230	315
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	115	50	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	435	175	260
Humanities	30	15	15	1,020	355	660
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	70	10	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	175	50	125
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	480	125	355
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	50	40	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	85	45	40
54. History	0	10	0	140	75	65
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	20	15	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45	10	35	1,970	555	1,420
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	15	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	200	60	140
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	540	30	510
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	280	70	210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	10	295	70	225
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	620	315	310
Business, management and public administration	235	70	165	5,985	1,560	4,425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	275	45	235
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	65	165	5,700	1,515	4,190
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	20	1,215	625	585
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	385	185	200
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	310	140	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	415	250	170
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	95	50	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	15	940	565	375
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	825	520	300
25. Library science	10	0	10	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	90	40	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	220	220	0	12,495	11,090	1,400
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	130	85	45
14. Engineering	10	10	0	2,630	2,165	465
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	25	10	1,995	1,650	345
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	0	2,575	2,395	185
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	105	0	3,965	3,680	290
48. Precision production	40	40	0	1,190	1,120	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	35	0	535	295	240
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	10	0	225	80	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	0	310	215	95
Health and related fields	175	45	135	3,105	570	2,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	250	95	155
51. Health professions and related programs	175	40	135	2,815	450	2,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	40	25	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	85	50	2,715	1,635	1,080
12. Personal and culinary services	60	20	40	975	175	805
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	310	235	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	50	0	1,430	1,230	200
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,440	725	720	44,290	24,245	20,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	620	320	295	15,140	8,050	7,100
Education	50	0	45	1,300	290	1,010
13. Education	50	10	45	1,300	295	1,010
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	445	190	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	110	55	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	335	135	200
Humanities	20	10	10	925	315	610
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	65	10	50
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	170	45	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	435	120	325
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	75	35	40
54. History	0	0	0	120	60	60
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	10	35	1,790	515	1,270
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	195	60	135
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	455	30	425
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	245	50	195
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10	275	65	215
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	585	300	285
Business, management and public administration	195	65	135	5,565	1,450	4,115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	240	35	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	195	60	135	5,320	1,410	3,910
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	1,080	545	530
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	365	180	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	260	110	155
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	365	210	155
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	50	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	865	510	360
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	750	455	290
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	85	45	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	155	150	0	11,335	10,035	1,300
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	125	85	40
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,465	2,040	425
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	25	0	1,805	1,490	320
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	10	2,285	2,115	175
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	60	0	3,565	3,290	275
48. Precision production	30	30	0	1,090	1,020	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	500	275	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	200	75	130
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	295	205	95
Health and related fields	150	40	115	2,880	550	2,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	225	90	140
51. Health professions and related programs	145	35	115	2,615	430	2,185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	35	25	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	80	45	2,450	1,520	930
12. Personal and culinary services	60	20	40	855	160	700
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	15	10	300	225	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	10	1,300	1,135	165
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,225	1,100	1,120	53,280	29,110	24,175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,165	575	590	21,315	11,290	10,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,055	520	535	31,970	17,820	14,155
Location of study inside Canada	1,040	520	525	24,880	14,495	10,385
Same as province or territory of residence	905	450	455	11,240	7,010	4,230
Different than province or territory of residence	135	65	65	13,645	7,485	6,160
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	0	10	7,090	3,325	3,765
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	385	215	165
Philippines	0	0	0	2,285	880	1,400
India	0	0	0	1,285	660	620
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	240	160	75
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	200	95	105
France	10	0	10	10	0	10
Other	0	10	0	2,690	1,305	1,385
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,445	720	720	44,290	24,240	20,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	620	320	300	15,140	8,045	7,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	825	400	420	29,145	16,195	12,950
Location of study inside Canada	815	395	415	22,410	13,050	9,360
Same as province or territory of residence	715	355	360	9,785	6,125	3,660
Different than province or territory of residence	100	45	60	12,620	6,920	5,700
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	10	6,735	3,150	3,590
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	365	200	160
Philippines	0	0	0	2,205	850	1,355
India	0	0	0	1,220	620	605
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	200	125	80
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	200	95	105
France	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other	0	0	0	2,535	1,250	1,285
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,220	1,105	1,120	53,285	29,110	24,170
In the labour force	1,330	700	625	41,680	25,225	16,455
Employed	1,225	630	595	38,825	23,710	15,120
Unemployed	105	70	35	2,855	1,515	1,340
Not in the labour force	890	395	490	11,600	3,880	7,720
Participation rate	59.9	63.3	55.8	78.2	86.7	68.1
Employment rate	55.2	57.0	53.1	72.9	81.4	62.6
Unemployment rate	7.9	10.0	5.6	6.8	6.0	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,220	1,100	1,120	53,280	29,110	24,170
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	920	415	505	9,915	2,995	6,925
Worked	1,300	680	620	43,365	26,115	17,250
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	675	385	290	28,895	18,645	10,250
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	630	300	325	14,470	7,470	7,005
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.3	41.7	45.3	46.2	44.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,330	705	625	41,680	25,225	16,455
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	40	20	570	240	330
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,275	665	610	41,115	24,985	16,125
Employee	1,165	585	580	39,105	23,810	15,295
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	105	80	25	2,005	1,180	830
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,330	700	630	41,685	25,225	16,455
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	40	15	570	240	330
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,270	665	610	41,110	24,985	16,125
0 Management occupations	100	60	30	3,700	2,210	1,480
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	185	40	145	5,180	1,225	3,950
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	30	10	3,670	2,820	850
3 Health occupations	125	20	105	1,270	240	1,030
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	140	20	115	2,905	815	2,090
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	10	390	130	260
6 Sales and service occupations	260	75	180	7,465	2,940	4,520
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	275	260	15	12,515	11,140	1,375
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0	1,565	1,315	245
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	130	0	2,460	2,140	315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,335	700	625	41,680	25,225	16,455
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	40	20	575	240	330
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,270	665	610	41,115	24,985	16,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	195	115	75
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	12,470	10,020	2,455
22 Utilities	10	10	0	270	175	100
23 Construction	115	105	15	4,140	3,225	910
31-33 Manufacturing	225	220	0	1,305	1,040	265
41 Wholesale trade	30	25	10	1,425	960	465
44-45 Retail trade	165	70	90	3,430	1,595	1,840
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	30	10	2,165	1,585	585
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	255	120	135
52 Finance and insurance	50	10	40	500	115	390
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	15	0	925	565	360
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	35	0	30	1,615	980	630
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	50	30	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	55	20	30	2,105	1,040	1,065
61 Educational services	75	10	65	1,815	360	1,455
62 Health care and social assistance	185	30	160	2,175	305	1,870
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	0	15	465	125	340
72 Accommodation and food services	65	10	60	2,250	865	1,380
81 Other services (except public administration)	40	25	10	1,720	820	895
91 Public administration	120	45	80	1,835	945	895
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,220	630	595	38,825	23,710	15,115
Worked at home	60	40	15	1,525	520	1,005
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	25	10	10
No fixed workplace address	110	85	30	5,210	4,150	1,065
Worked at usual place	1,050	505	545	32,055	19,025	13,035
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,050	505	545	32,060	19,025	13,035
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	275	170	100	31,135	18,520	12,615
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	120	65	55	160	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	570	240	335	660	390	275
Commute to a different province or territory	85	25	60	100	50	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,165	590	575	37,270	23,175	14,100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	960	485	470	21,620	12,345	9,275
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	65	40	25	1,640	955	690
Public transit	30	10	30	12,420	9,110	3,310
Walked	85	35	45	1,230	570	660
Bicycle	0	10	0	65	45	25
Other method	15	10	10	295	150	140
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,165	590	575	37,270	23,175	14,100
Less than 15 minutes	340	220	120	9,290	3,720	5,570
15 to 29 minutes	340	160	180	8,760	4,785	3,975
30 to 44 minutes	225	85	145	7,085	5,200	1,885
45 to 59 minutes	130	60	65	4,665	3,565	1,100
60 minutes and over	130	65	65	7,470	5,905	1,570
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,165	590	575	37,270	23,175	14,100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	180	150	30	5,920	4,640	1,280
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	310	165	140	12,375	8,970	3,405
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	290	125	165	6,925	3,215	3,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	130	45	85	4,000	1,440	2,560
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	20	30	1,875	725	1,150
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	205	80	120	6,180	4,185	1,995
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,355	695	655	44,205	26,415	17,785
Single responses	1,245	640	605	44,110	26,385	17,725
Official languages	1,245	640	605	43,915	26,260	17,655
English	75	30	50	43,820	26,250	17,565
French	1,170	615	555	100	0	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	195	120	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	190	115	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	95	70	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	85	70	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	85	70	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	55	50	95	35	60
English and French	105	55	50	40	15	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	20	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,355	695	655	44,200	26,415	17,790
None	930	535	395	43,325	25,990	17,335
English	365	145	220	95	35	55
French	60	20	35	355	180	180
Non-official language	0	0	0	415	200	210
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	405	200	205
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,745	1,375	1,370	65,145	35,140	30,005
Non-movers	2,355	1,180	1,175	54,700	29,505	25,185
Movers	385	200	195	10,445	5,630	4,820
Non-migrants	195	120	70	8,080	4,410	3,665
Migrants	195	80	120	2,370	1,215	1,155
Internal migrants	195	75	120	1,700	885	810
Intraprovincial migrants	180	70	110	760	435	325
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	940	455	490
External migrants	0	0	0	670	330	345
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,585	1,290	1,295	60,835	32,965	27,865
Non-movers	1,485	730	760	26,115	14,240	11,875
Movers	1,100	560	540	34,720	18,730	15,990
Non-migrants	420	205	210	18,725	10,450	8,270
Migrants	685	355	325	15,990	8,275	7,720
Internal migrants	685	355	330	11,960	6,380	5,575
Intraprovincial migrants	660	345	315	3,170	1,790	1,380
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	8,790	4,595	4,200
External migrants	0	0	0	4,030	1,890	2,140

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Thurso, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fort McMurray [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 21, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thurso, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fort McMurray [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Thurso, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fort McMurray [Population centre], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thurso, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Fort McMurray [Population centre], Alberta