Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pontiac, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Division No. 22, CDR Manitoba [Census division]
	Data quality , Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,850	...	...	42,165	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,681	...	...	40,923	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,664	...	...	12,356	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,252	...	...	10,891	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.1	...	...	0.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	448.15	...	...	92,083.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,850	3,025	2,825	42,165	21,365	20,800
0 to 14 years	1,145	590	555	13,845	7,055	6,790
0 to 4 years	345	185	165	4,845	2,525	2,315
5 to 9 years	415	210	210	4,925	2,420	2,510
10 to 14 years	380	195	180	4,075	2,115	1,965
15 to 64 years	3,895	1,995	1,895	26,160	13,230	12,930
15 to 19 years	305	155	150	3,615	1,850	1,765
20 to 24 years	285	135	140	3,460	1,695	1,765
25 to 29 years	265	135	135	3,360	1,720	1,640
30 to 34 years	400	200	200	2,855	1,390	1,460
35 to 39 years	380	185	195	2,555	1,255	1,305
40 to 44 years	395	215	185	2,380	1,205	1,175
45 to 49 years	445	220	230	2,480	1,265	1,220
50 to 54 years	525	270	250	2,340	1,235	1,105
55 to 59 years	490	270	220	1,820	945	875
60 to 64 years	400	210	185	1,295	675	615
65 years and over	815	435	380	2,160	1,075	1,080
65 to 69 years	325	185	145	955	500	455
70 to 74 years	240	125	120	590	310	275
75 to 79 years	125	75	55	355	155	195
80 to 84 years	70	35	35	165	65	100
85 years and over	50	20	30	100	45	55
85 to 89 years	40	20	20	65	30	35
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	30	10	15
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	0	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.6	19.5	19.6	32.8	33.0	32.6
15 to 64 years	66.6	66.0	67.1	62.0	61.9	62.2
65 years and over	13.9	14.4	13.5	5.1	5.0	5.2
85 years and over	0.9	0.7	1.1	0.2	0.2	0.3
Average age of the population	39.9	40.2	39.5	28.6	28.5	28.6
Median age of the population	41.9	42.4	41.2	25.2	25.2	25.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Single-detached house	2,095	...	...	7,115	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	265	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	150	...	...	2,535	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	295	...	...
Row house	20	...	...	880	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	30	...	...	1,330	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,255	...	...	10,890	...	...
1 person	475	...	...	1,840	...	...
2 persons	850	...	...	2,275	...	...
3 persons	355	...	...	1,605	...	...
4 persons	370	...	...	1,625	...	...
5 or more persons	205	...	...	3,545	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,825	...	...	41,830	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	3.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,710	2,430	2,275	28,320	14,305	14,010
Married or living common law	3,120	1,560	1,560	13,915	6,975	6,945
Married	2,170	1,085	1,085	10,170	5,100	5,065
Living common law	950	480	475	3,745	1,870	1,880
Not married and not living common law	1,585	870	715	14,400	7,335	7,065
Never married	1,085	635	445	11,820	6,290	5,530
Separated	75	40	35	810	390	420
Divorced	270	145	120	725	355	375
Widowed	160	50	115	1,040	305	740
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,770	...	...	10,390	...	...
2 persons	895	...	...	3,715	...	...
3 persons	355	...	...	2,390	...	...
4 persons	365	...	...	1,935	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	2,350	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,770	...	...	10,390	...	...
Total couple families	1,550	...	...	6,720	...	...
Married couples	1,075	...	...	4,850	...	...
Common-law couples	475	...	...	1,875	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	220	...	...	3,675	...	...
Female parent	140	...	...	2,655	...	...
Male parent	80	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,550	...	...	6,720	...	...
Couples without children	750	...	...	2,050	...	...
Couples with children	800	...	...	4,670	...	...
1 child	305	...	...	1,495	...	...
2 children	350	...	...	1,380	...	...
3 or more children	145	...	...	1,790	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	220	...	...	3,670	...	...
1 child	140	...	...	1,665	...	...
2 children	55	...	...	895	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	690	405	285	5,390	3,090	2,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
One-census-family households	1,680	...	...	7,120	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	715	...	...	1,575	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	965	...	...	5,550	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	40	...	...	1,520	...	...
Non-census-family households	530	...	...	2,245	...	...
One-person households	470	...	...	1,840	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	55	...	...	405	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,830	3,015	2,820	41,935	21,255	20,680
English only	1,330	730	595	40,675	20,655	20,025
French only	755	380	370	25	10	10
English and French	3,750	1,895	1,855	955	455	505
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	280	140	135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,830	3,010	2,820	41,935	21,255	20,680
English	2,440	1,255	1,185	41,410	20,985	20,425
French	3,325	1,730	1,595	225	120	105
English and French	70	35	40	30	20	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	265	130	135
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,470	1,265	1,205	235	130	110
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	42.4	42.0	42.7	0.6	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,835	3,010	2,820	41,935	21,255	20,680
Single responses	5,675	2,945	2,730	40,870	20,725	20,145
Official languages	5,490	2,855	2,635	24,475	12,550	11,930
English	2,250	1,160	1,080	24,245	12,425	11,820
French	3,240	1,690	1,550	230	125	110
Non-official languages	185	90	95	16,395	8,175	8,220
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	14,820	7,365	7,455
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,765	7,345	7,425
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	8,935	4,375	4,565
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	255	115	135
Woods Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	8,635	4,240	4,400
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5,825	2,970	2,855
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	80	40	40
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5,745	2,925	2,820
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	50	15	30
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	90	95	1,575	810	760
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	50	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	20	10	5	35	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	120	45	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	105	40	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	70	75	1,180	635	545
Albanian	0	0	5	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	10	110	60	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	110	60	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	25	20	10
Russian	10	0	5	10	5	10
Serbian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	100	55	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	75	40	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	795	430	360
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	780	425	360
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	280	145	135
Hindi	0	0	0	50	20	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	15	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	345	195	150
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	55	30	25
Iranian languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	40	145	70	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Portuguese	35	15	15	80	35	45
Romanian	10	5	0	0	0	5
Spanish	25	10	15	50	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	70	30	45
Chinese languages	5	5	5	70	25	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	50	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	155	65	90	1,065	530	535
English and French	125	50	75	55	30	25
English and non-official language	15	10	5	1,005	495	510
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,830	3,010	2,820	41,935	21,255	20,680
Single responses	5,680	2,945	2,735	40,440	20,525	19,915
Official languages	5,645	2,925	2,715	29,530	14,920	14,610
English	2,705	1,395	1,310	29,465	14,890	14,580
French	2,935	1,525	1,410	65	30	35
Non-official languages	40	25	20	10,905	5,605	5,305
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10,080	5,170	4,910
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10,055	5,160	4,890
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5,330	2,735	2,595
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	50	20	30
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,265	2,710	2,560
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	4,730	2,425	2,300
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	30	20	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	4,695	2,410	2,285
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	25	5	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	20	15	830	435	390
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	5	0	0	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	20	15	660	350	315
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	30	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	565	300	260
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	560	300	255
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	195	105	95
Hindi	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	250	140	105
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	45	25	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	30	15	15
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	5	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese languages	0	5	0	40	20	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	70	85	1,495	730	765
English and French	130	55	75	20	5	10
English and non-official language	10	5	5	1,460	710	745
French and non-official language	5	5	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	10	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,830	3,010	2,820	41,930	21,255	20,680
None	4,310	2,260	2,055	27,055	13,825	13,225
English	850	435	415	7,235	3,740	3,495
French	555	270	285	205	90	115
Non-official language	80	35	45	7,400	3,580	3,815
Aboriginal	0	0	0	6,925	3,345	3,580
Non-Aboriginal	80	35	45	475	240	235
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	0	30	10	15
French and non-official language	25	10	10	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,680	2,415	2,270	28,025	14,155	13,875
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,490	2,315	2,175	25,415	12,745	12,670
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,840	39,584	35,612	22,203	22,285	22,153
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,495	2,320	2,175	25,415	12,745	12,670
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,963	33,963	31,936	21,660	21,643	21,671
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,965	2,065	1,900	17,785	9,360	8,425
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,828	38,199	33,835	28,730	31,765	25,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,250	1,570	1,680	21,240	10,090	11,150
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,915	7,768	8,022	2,642	815	6,785
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,330	1,750	1,580	16,970	8,985	7,985
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,192	38,374	34,432	28,234	30,745	26,068
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,680	2,440	2,235	28,030	14,180	13,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,525	2,365	2,160	25,460	12,760	12,700
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,182	46,389	41,764	34,655	38,775	30,516
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,525	2,365	2,160	25,460	12,760	12,705
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,057	37,399	34,586	29,764	31,906	27,613
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,995	2,095	1,905	17,800	9,325	8,475
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,885	46,011	39,448	41,310	48,402	33,510
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,305	1,660	1,645	21,115	9,935	11,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,636	8,095	9,181	6,966	4,386	9,258
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,330	1,740	1,590	16,975	8,965	8,005
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,911	46,110	39,414	40,744	47,253	33,455
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,680	2,440	2,240	28,030	14,180	13,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,730	925	805	7,780	4,270	3,510
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,629	61,064	51,799	48,935	57,967	43,092
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,435	63,657	54,556	58,785	66,913	48,903
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.6	87.8	82.8	83.2	90.9	73.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.5	72.7	67.9	78.4	85.3	69.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.5	12.3	17.2	16.8	9.1	26.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,680	2,415	2,265	28,025	14,155	13,875
Without total income	190	95	90	2,615	1,405	1,205
With total income	4,490	2,320	2,175	25,415	12,745	12,670
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.1	96.0	90.7	90.0	91.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	575	275	300	7,665	4,345	3,315
$10,000 to $19,999	730	350	385	4,300	1,735	2,570
$20,000 to $29,999	520	275	245	3,100	1,240	1,860
$30,000 to $39,999	530	275	255	2,395	980	1,415
$40,000 to $49,999	455	230	225	1,750	785	970
$50,000 to $59,999	415	205	205	1,255	555	705
$60,000 to $69,999	375	200	180	960	450	510
$70,000 to $79,999	280	160	125	715	380	340
$80,000 to $89,999	195	105	90	700	425	280
$90,000 to $99,999	130	70	65	650	380	270
$100,000 and over	275	185	95	1,910	1,465	440
$100,000 to $149,999	210	135	75	1,620	1,260	365
$150,000 and over	65	45	20	285	210	75
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,680	2,415	2,270	28,030	14,150	13,875
Without after-tax income	185	95	95	2,610	1,410	1,200
With after-tax income	4,495	2,315	2,175	25,415	12,745	12,675
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	95.9	95.8	90.7	90.1	91.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	595	280	320	7,695	4,355	3,340
$10,000 to $19,999	785	375	410	4,405	1,790	2,625
$20,000 to $29,999	640	345	290	3,385	1,360	2,020
$30,000 to $39,999	670	350	320	2,625	1,135	1,490
$40,000 to $49,999	605	315	295	1,940	875	1,065
$50,000 to $59,999	505	255	250	1,300	625	680
$60,000 to $69,999	285	155	130	1,185	665	520
$70,000 to $79,999	190	110	80	1,020	640	385
$80,000 and over	220	140	75	1,855	1,310	545
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	35	775	545	230
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	20	540	400	140
$100,000 and over	85	55	25	545	360	180
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,680	2,415	2,270	28,025	14,150	13,875
Without employment income	1,350	665	685	11,055	5,165	5,890
With employment income	3,330	1,745	1,585	16,975	8,985	7,985
Percentage with employment income	71.2	72.3	69.8	60.6	63.5	57.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	440	220	220	2,995	1,515	1,480
$5,000 to $9,999	235	105	125	1,535	775	760
$10,000 to $19,999	400	215	185	2,225	1,125	1,095
$20,000 to $29,999	380	195	180	2,065	985	1,075
$30,000 to $39,999	325	160	160	1,675	750	925
$40,000 to $49,999	305	155	155	1,230	570	660
$50,000 to $59,999	285	140	150	930	425	500
$60,000 to $69,999	305	165	135	800	400	405
$70,000 to $79,999	210	115	95	615	320	295
$80,000 and over	450	280	170	2,910	2,115	795
$80,000 to $89,999	160	90	75	645	415	235
$90,000 to $99,999	95	60	35	565	340	225
$100,000 and over	190	130	60	1,700	1,360	340
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,952	...	...	64,061	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,194	...	...	59,665	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	475	...	...	1,840	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,896	...	...	46,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,736	...	...	40,590	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,780	...	...	9,055	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,776	...	...	68,507	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,033	...	...	65,030	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,756	...	...	81,012	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,433	...	...	69,591	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	475	...	...	1,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,255	...	...	56,059	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,460	...	...	45,170	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,780	...	...	9,035	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,672	...	...	86,144	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,079	...	...	74,613	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	370	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	230	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	365	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	495	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	540	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	505	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	490	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	105	...	...	410	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	160	...	...	815	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	170	...	...	700	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	140	...	...	570	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	145	...	...	500	...	...
$100,000 and over	810	...	...	3,400	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	270	...	...	1,100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	215	...	...	770	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	220	...	...	945	...	...
$200,000 and over	100	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	230	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	365	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	505	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	475	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	90	...	...	590	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...	530	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	540	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	510	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	115	...	...	495	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	870	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	190	...	...	810	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...	730	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	165	...	...	650	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...	630	...	...
$100,000 and over	540	...	...	2,600	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	280	...	...	1,085	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	140	...	...	750	...	...
$150,000 and over	120	...	...	765	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,740	...	...	8,890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,744	...	...	66,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,963	...	...	63,744	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	700	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,909	...	...	102,827	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,005	...	...	85,589	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	4,710	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,944	...	...	78,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,061	...	...	74,589	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	2,280	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,816	...	...	38,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,275	...	...	37,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,720	...	...	8,865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,775	...	...	84,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,079	...	...	73,255	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	690	...	...	1,505	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,358	...	...	107,809	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,079	...	...	86,924	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	820	...	...	4,675	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,087	...	...	95,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,403	...	...	83,455	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	190	...	...	2,280	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,476	...	...	49,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,015	...	...	45,625	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	600	365	235	2,650	1,640	1,010
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,392	31,936	30,976	37,696	41,728	34,048
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,840	27,840	27,840	34,118	37,056	31,168
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	630	370	260	2,690	1,650	1,045
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,856	38,657	39,142	49,484	52,931	44,053
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,652	31,566	31,776	40,251	42,272	37,068
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,820	3,000	2,820	41,825	21,190	20,635
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,790	1,465	1,320	29,690	14,800	14,890
In the bottom decile	435	250	190	13,495	6,760	6,735
In the second decile	500	265	240	5,790	2,835	2,960
In the third decile	510	260	250	4,285	2,125	2,165
In the fourth decile	615	315	300	3,335	1,680	1,650
In the fifth decile	720	370	350	2,780	1,395	1,385
In the top half of the distribution	3,030	1,535	1,495	12,135	6,395	5,745
In the sixth decile	720	360	355	2,570	1,320	1,245
In the seventh decile	720	370	345	2,420	1,265	1,155
In the eighth decile	695	350	340	2,380	1,260	1,125
In the ninth decile	560	280	285	2,630	1,365	1,265
In the top decile	345	175	165	2,140	1,185	960
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,825	3,005	2,815	15,975	8,055	7,925
0 to 17 years	1,340	690	645	4,905	2,460	2,440
0 to 5 years	425	220	205	1,700	875	825
18 to 64 years	3,670	1,875	1,790	10,100	5,105	4,990
65 years and over	810	435	380	975	490	485
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	655	365	295	2,745	1,225	1,520
0 to 17 years	145	80	65	1,350	655	695
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	525	250	270
18 to 64 years	395	220	175	1,280	530	750
65 years and over	115	55	55	120	45	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.2	12.1	10.5	17.2	15.2	19.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.8	11.6	10.1	27.5	26.6	28.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	9.1	12.2	30.9	28.6	32.7
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	11.7	9.8	12.7	10.4	15.0
65 years and over (%)	14.2	12.6	14.5	12.3	9.2	15.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	235	140	95	1,185	550	635
0 to 17 years	30	15	20	520	260	255
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	215	105	110
18 to 64 years	185	110	70	655	285	370
65 years and over	15	10	10	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	4.7	3.4	7.4	6.8	8.0
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.2	3.1	10.6	10.6	10.5
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.3	2.4	12.6	12.0	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	5.9	3.9	6.5	5.6	7.4
65 years and over (%)	1.9	2.3	2.6	1.0	1.0	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,820	3,005	2,815	41,825	21,190	20,630
Official languages	5,820	3,005	2,820	41,520	21,050	20,470
English	5,065	2,655	2,410	41,500	21,040	20,465
French	4,495	2,280	2,210	900	440	465
Non-official languages	300	165	140	21,035	10,475	10,555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	19,155	9,545	9,605
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	19,135	9,540	9,595
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	12,255	6,005	6,245
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	35	10	20
Plains Cree	0	0	0	50	25	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	370	165	210
Woods Cree	0	0	0	50	30	25
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,755	5,780	5,975
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	6,945	3,565	3,385
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	120	60	60
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	6,835	3,515	3,325
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	300	165	140	1,890	935	955
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	0	30	25	10
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	25	0	30	25	10
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	25	25	0	20	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	105	30	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	105	30	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	20	15	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	135	115	1,470	740	730
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	140	80	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	135	70	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	60	40	25
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	20	100	60	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	10	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	20	10	70	45	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	985	495	485
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	10	975	490	490
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	360	185	175
Hindi	20	15	10	485	245	240
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	20	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	420	210	205
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	95	25	70
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	190	100	90	235	95	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	20	15	10	10
Portuguese	40	20	20	145	70	70
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	125	60	65	75	20	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	65	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	15	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	75	35	45
Chinese languages	10	0	15	75	40	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	65	35	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,820	3,005	2,815	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,750	2,955	2,790	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,300	650	645	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,450	2,305	2,145	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	75	50	30	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,820	3,000	2,820	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,585	2,870	2,715	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	235	135	100	0	0	0
Before 1981	105	55	40	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	45	20	20	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	35	20	15	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	45	25	20	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	15	10	10	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	25	15	10	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	230	135	100	0	0	0
Under 5 years	35	20	15	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	70	40	30	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	45	25	15	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	80	40	35	0	0	0
45 years and over	10	10	0	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	235	135	100	0	0	0
Americas	30	20	10	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	150	75	70	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	20	30	0	0	0
Africa	20	15	0	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,820	3,005	2,815	41,830	21,195	20,635
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	275	150	125	1,820	905	915
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	405	205	200	1,245	620	625
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,140	2,650	2,495	38,760	19,670	19,095
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	135	80	55	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	90	55	35	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	30	15	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,820	3,005	2,820	41,830	21,195	20,635
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	535	295	240	33,385	16,740	16,650
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	520	285	235	33,280	16,705	16,570
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	175	100	75	31,495	15,800	15,690
Métis	345	185	160	1,755	890	870
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	45	15	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	60	20	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,285	2,710	2,575	8,440	4,455	3,985
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,820	3,005	2,815	41,825	21,195	20,630
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	105	55	50	31,420	15,715	15,710
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,715	2,950	2,760	10,410	5,480	4,925
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,820	3,005	2,820	41,830	21,195	20,635
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	215	120	95	28,335	14,165	14,175
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	210	115	95	28,060	14,035	14,025
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	80	45	30	27,710	13,840	13,870
Métis single ancestry	135	70	65	355	195	160
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	275	130	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	260	120	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	505	295	215	4,445	2,265	2,185
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	485	280	200	4,175	2,110	2,065
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	175	100	3,405	1,765	1,640
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	110	100	765	340	420
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	10	15	275	155	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	260	150	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,095	2,590	2,505	9,045	4,760	4,275
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,820	3,000	2,820	41,825	21,190	20,635
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	85	55	30	1,745	875	865
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	1,015	510	505
Chinese	30	10	20	110	70	45
Black	0	10	0	295	150	150
Filipino	0	10	0	140	45	95
Latin American	0	0	0	25	10	10
Arab	20	15	0	25	15	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	20	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	25	20
Japanese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	10	0	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,735	2,945	2,790	40,080	20,315	19,765
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,820	3,005	2,815	41,830	21,195	20,635
North American Aboriginal origins	725	415	310	32,785	16,430	16,355
First Nations (North American Indian)	385	240	150	31,655	15,880	15,770
Inuit	0	0	0	30	20	10
Métis	365	190	175	1,640	810	835
Other North American origins	3,345	1,740	1,605	4,740	2,440	2,300
Acadian	10	0	10	10	0	0
American	0	0	10	105	35	70
Canadian	3,280	1,710	1,570	4,625	2,385	2,240
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	30	25	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	20	15	0	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,595	1,825	1,765	8,840	4,625	4,210
British Isles origins	2,075	1,020	1,060	5,535	2,855	2,680
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	845	430	410	2,715	1,450	1,270
Irish	1,380	665	725	1,880	950	930
Manx	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	750	370	375	2,475	1,210	1,265
Welsh	40	15	30	100	40	60
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	0	15	155	90	65
French origins	2,090	1,075	1,015	1,995	1,055	935
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	15	10	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,080	1,065	1,015	1,995	1,055	935
Western European origins (except French origins)	495	255	245	1,955	1,000	955
Austrian	10	0	0	85	50	35
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	15	80	30	45
Dutch	105	45	60	385	215	170
Flemish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	365	205	160	1,505	750	755
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	10	15	25	10	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	50	35	15	805	400	405
Danish	10	0	10	75	35	40
Finnish	10	10	0	35	25	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	280	155	130
Norwegian	25	15	0	200	115	85
Swedish	0	10	0	195	70	125
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Eastern European origins	190	95	95	2,080	1,055	1,025
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	40	20	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	120	50	70
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	30	35	590	315	270
Romanian	10	0	0	20	20	0
Russian	30	15	20	190	75	110
Slovak	10	15	0	45	35	15
Ukrainian	40	15	25	1,425	705	710
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	295	150	150	510	250	260
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	85	60	25
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	10	25	20	15	10
Italian	110	50	55	140	55	80
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	60	35	250	120	130
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	70	40	30	20	0	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	40	25	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	25	15	10
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	175	75	100
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	145	60	80
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	25	15	90	30	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	0	25	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	10	10	0	195	105	90
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	85	50	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	55	30	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	0	55	20	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	10	0	30	10	15
Asian origins	130	85	50	1,415	690	720
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	35	10	65	25	35
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	0	15
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins	35	30	10	1,020	505	520
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	30	10	915	470	440
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	85	20	65
Punjabi	0	0	0	80	30	45
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	55	20	30	340	155	185
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	40	20	25	110	60	50
Filipino	0	0	0	140	40	105
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	10	0	10	30	20	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	20	0	10
Australian	0	10	0	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Owner	1,970	...	...	3,540	...	...
Renter	285	...	...	2,950	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	4,400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	235	...	...
Not condominium	2,235	...	...	10,655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,255	...	...	10,890	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	1,165	...	...
2 bedrooms	455	...	...	2,040	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,030	...	...	4,180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	635	...	...	3,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,255	...	...	10,890	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	325	...	...	3,185	...	...
5 rooms	330	...	...	2,770	...	...
6 rooms	410	...	...	2,125	...	...
7 rooms	340	...	...	1,350	...	...
8 or more rooms	845	...	...	1,465	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,240	...	...	8,765	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Suitable	2,205	...	...	8,010	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	2,880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
1960 or before	575	...	...	585	...	...
1961 to 1980	680	...	...	3,845	...	...
1981 to 1990	290	...	...	1,950	...	...
1991 to 2000	210	...	...	2,315	...	...
2001 to 2005	150	...	...	860	...	...
2006 to 2010	240	...	...	790	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	110	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,250	...	...	10,890	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,030	...	...	7,450	...	...
Major repairs needed	225	...	...	3,435	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,255	...	...	10,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,155	...	...	7,020	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,060	...	...	3,355	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	35	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,255	...	...	10,890	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	455	...	...
25 to 34 years	300	...	...	2,230	...	...
35 to 44 years	425	...	...	2,360	...	...
45 to 54 years	535	...	...	2,630	...	...
55 to 64 years	475	...	...	1,895	...	...
65 to 74 years	340	...	...	960	...	...
75 to 84 years	120	...	...	325	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,170	...	...	5,640	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,830	...	...	4,875	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	340	...	...	765	...	...
30% to less than 100%	290	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	3,135	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.8	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.5	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,012	...	...	1,138	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,105	...	...	1,173	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	290,606	...	...	210,523	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	334,310	...	...	219,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	280	...	...	2,505	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.7	...	...	19.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.6	...	...	24.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	727	...	...	883	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	763	...	...	933	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,680	2,440	2,240	28,030	14,180	13,850
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,090	670	420	13,860	7,410	6,450
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,250	585	665	6,410	3,040	3,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,345	1,185	1,155	7,760	3,735	4,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	610	445	160	1,785	1,395	390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	380	230	150	820	580	240
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	225	210	15	965	815	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	960	435	525	2,880	1,190	1,685
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	115	35	75	695	255	435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	660	275	390	2,410	900	1,515
Bachelor's degree	440	130	310	1,875	690	1,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	40	15	185	60	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	40	10	30
Master's degree	135	80	60	295	125	165
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	20	0	20	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,265	1,680	1,585	18,945	9,605	9,340
No certificate, diploma or degree	585	380	210	7,665	4,270	3,395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	835	390	450	4,400	2,090	2,310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,840	910	930	6,880	3,250	3,635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	475	330	145	1,530	1,190	340
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	310	180	130	700	485	210
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	165	155	20	830	700	130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	725	330	395	2,530	1,040	1,495
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	25	60	610	235	375
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	550	220	335	2,210	790	1,425
Bachelor's degree	365	100	265	1,720	600	1,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	25	15	160	55	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	35	10	30
Master's degree	130	80	45	285	115	165
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,680	2,440	2,235	28,030	14,175	13,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,335	1,255	1,085	20,265	10,440	9,820
Education	160	40	120	1,100	270	830
13. Education	160	40	125	1,105	270	830
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	40	90	50	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	25	35	80	40	35
Humanities	105	25	80	270	95	165
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	30	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	15	30	140	45	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	40	20	25
54. History	15	10	10	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	75	190	540	150	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	10	0	25	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	30	20	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	240	30	210
22. Legal professions and studies	55	25	30	65	30	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	10	10
42. Psychology	25	10	15	40	15	30
45. Social sciences	115	35	75	145	55	85
Business, management and public administration	460	125	335	1,260	360	900
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	280	80	200
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	125	320	975	280	700
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	50	35	170	70	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	20	30	0	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	35	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	85	55	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	60	50	225	70	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	55	35	180	60	120
25. Library science	20	0	15	25	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	25	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	590	550	40	1,995	1,825	165
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	50	20	25	225	175	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	115	115	10	300	235	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	650	625	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	150	0	630	610	20
48. Precision production	85	80	0	185	185	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	65	35	105	75	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	35	30	30	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	10	80	55	25
Health and related fields	215	40	175	1,205	235	970
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	10	60	30	30
51. Health professions and related programs	195	35	165	1,130	200	930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	180	120	60	805	520	285
12. Personal and culinary services	85	30	55	330	100	225
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	75	70	10	215	170	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	265	250	15
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,265	1,675	1,585	18,945	9,605	9,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,425	765	660	12,065	6,355	5,705
Education	100	30	75	945	230	715
13. Education	105	25	75	945	230	715
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	20	35	80	50	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	15	30	65	35	30
Humanities	70	15	55	220	80	140
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10	110	35	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	35	20	20
54. History	15	0	10	20	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	65	155	490	135	355
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	45	210	30	185
22. Legal professions and studies	30	20	15	60	30	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	15	40	15	30
45. Social sciences	95	40	60	135	55	80
Business, management and public administration	380	105	275	1,155	325	830
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	250	60	185
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	105	255	900	260	635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	35	25	150	60	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	10	10	30	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	35	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	70	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	50	40	210	70	140
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	45	30	170	60	110
25. Library science	10	0	10	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	10	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	440	415	30	1,735	1,595	145
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	40	20	15	205	155	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	95	95	0	260	200	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	145	145	0	530	510	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	105	0	575	560	15
48. Precision production	55	60	0	165	165	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	30	95	60	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	30	25	20	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	0	75	45	25
Health and related fields	195	30	165	1,120	215	905
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	10	55	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	180	30	155	1,055	185	870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	95	55	680	420	255
12. Personal and culinary services	65	20	50	290	80	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	60	60	0	195	150	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	15	0	200	190	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,680	2,445	2,235	28,030	14,180	13,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,335	1,255	1,085	20,265	10,440	9,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,340	1,190	1,155	7,765	3,740	4,025
Location of study inside Canada	2,265	1,135	1,125	7,020	3,370	3,650
Same as province or territory of residence	1,205	550	650	5,700	2,680	3,025
Different than province or territory of residence	1,060	585	470	1,315	690	625
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	85	55	30	745	365	375
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	15	10	60	45	20
Philippines	0	0	0	60	10	55
India	0	0	0	315	175	140
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	30	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	0	20
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	30	20	10	245	115	130
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,265	1,680	1,590	18,945	9,605	9,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,425	765	660	12,070	6,360	5,705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,840	915	930	6,880	3,245	3,635
Location of study inside Canada	1,795	885	915	6,210	2,930	3,280
Same as province or territory of residence	970	425	545	5,075	2,350	2,730
Different than province or territory of residence	820	455	360	1,135	585	550
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	50	25	15	670	315	355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	10	50	30	20
Philippines	0	0	0	55	0	55
India	0	0	0	290	155	135
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	25	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	15
France	0	10	0	0	10	0
Other	15	10	10	235	110	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,680	2,440	2,235	28,025	14,180	13,845
In the labour force	3,155	1,690	1,465	15,570	8,340	7,230
Employed	2,995	1,585	1,410	13,080	6,855	6,225
Unemployed	160	110	50	2,495	1,485	1,010
Not in the labour force	1,525	745	780	12,455	5,835	6,615
Participation rate	67.4	69.3	65.5	55.6	58.8	52.2
Employment rate	64.0	65.0	63.1	46.7	48.3	45.0
Unemployment rate	5.1	6.5	3.4	16.0	17.8	14.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,680	2,445	2,235	28,025	14,175	13,850
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,465	730	730	12,515	5,870	6,645
Worked	3,220	1,715	1,505	15,510	8,310	7,205
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,795	985	810	8,240	4,545	3,695
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,425	730	695	7,270	3,765	3,505
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	43.9	44.0	40.7	40.5	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,155	1,690	1,465	15,575	8,340	7,230
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	35	15	1,060	575	485
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,110	1,660	1,450	14,515	7,770	6,745
Employee	2,650	1,330	1,320	14,125	7,520	6,610
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	465	335	130	390	250	140
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,155	1,695	1,460	15,575	8,340	7,230
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	30	15	1,055	575	485
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,110	1,660	1,450	14,515	7,770	6,745
0 Management occupations	375	235	140	995	585	410
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	655	190	455	1,625	315	1,305
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	200	125	70	500	405	95
3 Health occupations	120	20	100	815	135	675
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	355	100	255	3,140	980	2,165
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	20	50	165	60	100
6 Sales and service occupations	525	195	325	3,410	1,600	1,810
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	640	605	30	2,595	2,490	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	140	15	970	915	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	25	20	0	305	285	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,155	1,695	1,460	15,575	8,345	7,235
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	35	15	1,060	575	485
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,110	1,660	1,450	14,515	7,770	6,740
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	150	110	40	150	135	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,340	1,245	100
22 Utilities	0	0	0	415	330	85
23 Construction	405	345	55	1,080	970	110
31-33 Manufacturing	50	35	20	385	330	55
41 Wholesale trade	55	30	25	135	85	55
44-45 Retail trade	300	130	170	1,350	685	665
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	220	130	90	720	535	180
51 Information and cultural industries	60	35	25	145	85	60
52 Finance and insurance	80	35	50	170	45	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	30	20	10	160	90	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	45	50	160	95	60
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	170	140	35	445	295	145
61 Educational services	180	40	135	2,315	765	1,555
62 Health care and social assistance	250	50	200	2,480	570	1,905
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	25	35	140	70	70
72 Accommodation and food services	125	60	65	1,060	400	660
81 Other services (except public administration)	155	110	45	385	220	165
91 Public administration	720	315	405	1,475	825	655
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,995	1,580	1,410	13,080	6,860	6,225
Worked at home	230	130	105	175	75	100
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	430	395	30	1,300	1,010	295
Worked at usual place	2,320	1,040	1,275	11,600	5,765	5,835
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,320	1,045	1,275	11,600	5,765	5,835
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	220	105	115	9,725	4,795	4,930
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	65	30	35	1,585	795	795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,070	455	615	275	160	115
Commute to a different province or territory	970	460	510	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,750	1,445	1,305	12,900	6,775	6,130
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,305	1,295	1,005	8,420	4,680	3,735
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	225	70	165	1,930	805	1,125
Public transit	120	30	90	170	70	95
Walked	75	30	40	2,010	970	1,035
Bicycle	20	15	0	60	55	10
Other method	10	0	0	320	190	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,750	1,445	1,305	12,905	6,770	6,130
Less than 15 minutes	300	175	130	9,815	4,960	4,865
15 to 29 minutes	660	330	335	2,140	1,220	925
30 to 44 minutes	710	370	335	490	290	200
45 to 59 minutes	575	270	305	140	100	35
60 minutes and over	505	305	205	320	210	110
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,750	1,445	1,305	12,905	6,770	6,130
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	320	215	105	615	505	110
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	895	515	380	1,820	1,385	430
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	805	390	420	2,560	1,440	1,115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	340	135	210	4,810	1,915	2,900
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	135	55	80	1,425	610	815
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	260	135	115	1,675	915	765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,325	1,775	1,545	16,385	8,750	7,635
Single responses	2,920	1,585	1,330	16,075	8,600	7,475
Official languages	2,915	1,585	1,335	14,790	7,865	6,920
English	1,735	995	735	14,745	7,855	6,895
French	1,180	590	595	45	15	30
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,285	730	555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,250	715	540
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,250	715	535
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	725	420	315
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	725	410	310
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	520	295	225
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	520	290	225
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	410	190	215	315	150	160
English and French	410	190	215	10	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	305	145	155
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,325	1,780	1,545	16,385	8,745	7,635
None	1,795	1,015	780	11,570	6,200	5,375
English	740	360	380	1,090	620	470
French	765	385	380	45	15	30
Non-official language	15	10	10	3,675	1,915	1,765
Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,655	1,905	1,750
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,755	2,975	2,780	40,915	20,710	20,205
Non-movers	5,210	2,675	2,540	36,800	18,685	18,115
Movers	545	305	245	4,110	2,020	2,085
Non-migrants	125	85	40	2,635	1,305	1,330
Migrants	420	220	200	1,475	720	760
Internal migrants	390	200	190	1,400	695	710
Intraprovincial migrants	320	160	165	1,180	590	590
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	30	215	100	115
External migrants	30	20	15	80	25	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,470	2,810	2,655	36,965	18,635	18,330
Non-movers	3,925	2,025	1,900	26,330	13,285	13,045
Movers	1,540	785	755	10,635	5,350	5,280
Non-migrants	640	340	300	6,525	3,300	3,230
Migrants	900	440	455	4,105	2,050	2,055
Internal migrants	890	435	460	3,460	1,730	1,730
Intraprovincial migrants	705	345	360	2,600	1,275	1,330
Interprovincial migrants	190	90	95	860	460	395
External migrants	10	10	0	645	315	330

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pontiac, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 22, CDR [Census division], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba