Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Georgina, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pontiac, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Georgina, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Georgina, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	14,251	...	...	45,418	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	14,358	...	...	43,517	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.7	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,208	...	...	18,687	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,203	...	...	16,821	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.1	...	...	157.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,991.82	...	...	287.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	14,250	7,100	7,145	45,415	22,520	22,895
0 to 14 years	2,045	1,000	1,045	7,500	3,835	3,670
0 to 4 years	670	320	345	2,505	1,270	1,240
5 to 9 years	680	320	365	2,510	1,325	1,185
10 to 14 years	690	355	335	2,485	1,235	1,245
15 to 64 years	8,820	4,440	4,375	31,235	15,595	15,640
15 to 19 years	780	420	365	2,840	1,475	1,365
20 to 24 years	695	375	320	2,775	1,475	1,300
25 to 29 years	700	360	335	2,870	1,430	1,445
30 to 34 years	605	295	300	2,770	1,410	1,360
35 to 39 years	640	305	330	2,735	1,285	1,450
40 to 44 years	730	365	365	2,865	1,440	1,420
45 to 49 years	835	410	425	3,320	1,585	1,735
50 to 54 years	1,200	610	590	4,305	2,105	2,200
55 to 59 years	1,335	645	690	3,885	1,930	1,955
60 to 64 years	1,305	650	655	2,870	1,465	1,405
65 years and over	3,390	1,655	1,730	6,685	3,095	3,590
65 to 69 years	1,170	580	590	2,355	1,145	1,210
70 to 74 years	920	475	445	1,605	775	835
75 to 79 years	590	285	305	1,145	545	600
80 to 84 years	360	180	185	820	365	460
85 years and over	345	135	210	750	260	490
85 to 89 years	235	95	140	490	175	310
90 to 94 years	90	30	60	215	65	150
95 to 99 years	20	10	10	40	15	25
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	14.1	14.6	16.5	17.0	16.0
15 to 64 years	61.9	62.5	61.2	68.8	69.2	68.3
65 years and over	23.8	23.3	24.2	14.7	13.7	15.7
85 years and over	2.4	1.9	2.9	1.7	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	45.7	45.4	46.1	40.7	39.9	41.4
Median age of the population	50.4	50.1	50.8	42.2	41.2	43.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,205	...	...	16,820	...	...
Single-detached house	5,475	...	...	13,855	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	100	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	690	...	...	2,790	...	...
Semi-detached house	165	...	...	435	...	...
Row house	60	...	...	740	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	120	...	...	575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	335	...	...	985	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,205	...	...	16,820	...	...
1 person	1,895	...	...	3,520	...	...
2 persons	2,455	...	...	5,680	...	...
3 persons	775	...	...	3,055	...	...
4 persons	705	...	...	2,945	...	...
5 or more persons	375	...	...	1,625	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,025	...	...	44,765	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	12,205	6,100	6,100	37,915	18,685	19,225
Married or living common law	7,320	3,660	3,660	22,250	11,110	11,140
Married	5,845	2,935	2,915	17,570	8,795	8,780
Living common law	1,480	730	745	4,675	2,315	2,360
Not married and not living common law	4,880	2,440	2,440	15,670	7,575	8,090
Never married	2,805	1,640	1,160	9,895	5,455	4,435
Separated	250	125	125	1,330	585	745
Divorced	825	425	400	2,395	1,060	1,340
Widowed	1,000	240	760	2,050	475	1,570
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,240	...	...	13,385	...	...
2 persons	2,525	...	...	6,460	...	...
3 persons	775	...	...	3,150	...	...
4 persons	650	...	...	2,800	...	...
5 or more persons	290	...	...	970	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,240	...	...	13,385	...	...
Total couple families	3,610	...	...	10,990	...	...
Married couples	2,870	...	...	8,655	...	...
Common-law couples	740	...	...	2,335	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	630	...	...	2,395	...	...
Female parent	470	...	...	1,800	...	...
Male parent	160	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,615	...	...	10,990	...	...
Couples without children	2,115	...	...	5,050	...	...
Couples with children	1,495	...	...	5,940	...	...
1 child	620	...	...	2,405	...	...
2 children	600	...	...	2,610	...	...
3 or more children	280	...	...	925	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	630	...	...	2,395	...	...
1 child	405	...	...	1,415	...	...
2 children	155	...	...	745	...	...
3 or more children	65	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,470	1,235	1,235	6,030	2,935	3,095
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
One-census-family households	4,070	...	...	12,220	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,055	...	...	4,585	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,020	...	...	7,635	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	85	...	...	575	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,050	...	...	4,025	...	...
One-person households	1,895	...	...	3,520	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	155	...	...	505	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	14,105	7,040	7,060	44,850	22,270	22,585
English only	5,975	3,075	2,905	42,340	21,180	21,155
French only	850	410	440	10	0	5
English and French	7,270	3,555	3,710	2,235	980	1,260
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	270	110	160
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	14,105	7,040	7,065	44,855	22,270	22,580
English	8,325	4,120	4,205	44,055	21,905	22,150
French	5,680	2,870	2,815	455	220	235
English and French	100	55	50	70	35	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	265	105	155
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	8,375	4,145	4,225	495	240	255
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	59.4	58.9	59.8	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	14,105	7,045	7,065	44,850	22,270	22,585
Single responses	13,850	6,920	6,925	44,380	22,040	22,335
Official languages	13,655	6,830	6,825	40,085	20,000	20,090
English	8,020	3,985	4,040	39,565	19,745	19,820
French	5,635	2,845	2,790	520	255	265
Non-official languages	195	95	100	4,295	2,045	2,250
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	90	95	4,280	2,040	2,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	125	70	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	125	65	60
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	5	10	0	80	35	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	25	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	130	40	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	10	115	35	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	70	30	40
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	65	75	2,870	1,425	1,450
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	5	805	390	415
Baltic languages	10	5	5	20	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	20	10	10	785	385	405
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Polish	10	5	5	155	75	80
Russian	5	0	5	365	180	185
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	5	5	0	65	25	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	30	50	545	260	285
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	15	5	10	105	50	55
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	60	25	30	375	190	185
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	110	65	45
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	345	180	160
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	155	85	80
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	70	30	35
Iranian languages	5	5	5	185	100	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	5	185	100	85
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	1,035	510	525
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italian	5	0	5	445	245	200
Portuguese	5	0	5	255	120	135
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Spanish	15	10	10	270	115	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	25	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	5	0	0	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	530	230	295
Chinese languages	5	5	0	525	230	290
Cantonese	0	0	0	270	120	150
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	200	90	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	10
Thai	5	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	265	120	150
Estonian	0	0	0	60	30	35
Finnish	0	0	0	75	25	40
Hungarian	0	5	0	130	65	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	260	120	135	475	225	250
English and French	235	110	125	80	30	50
English and non-official language	10	10	5	380	185	195
French and non-official language	0	0	5	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	14,105	7,040	7,065	44,855	22,270	22,585
Single responses	13,790	6,885	6,900	43,990	21,855	22,135
Official languages	13,740	6,855	6,880	42,415	21,110	21,300
English	9,075	4,525	4,550	42,310	21,060	21,245
French	4,665	2,330	2,335	100	50	55
Non-official languages	50	30	20	1,580	745	835
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	1,575	745	835
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	15	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	45	15	30
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	885	435	450
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	365	180	185
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	360	180	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Polish	5	0	0	45	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	245	130	120
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	35	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	150	75	75
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	70	30	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian languages	5	5	0	80	40	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	80	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	290	135	150
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Portuguese	0	0	0	75	40	35
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	10	5	5	100	45	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	390	180	205
Chinese languages	5	5	0	385	180	210
Cantonese	0	5	0	195	90	105
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	155	70	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	315	155	160	860	415	450
English and French	275	135	140	45	20	25
English and non-official language	25	15	15	795	385	410
French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	20	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	14,105	7,045	7,065	44,850	22,270	22,580
None	11,250	5,670	5,580	42,245	21,080	21,165
English	1,580	775	800	685	325	355
French	1,200	560	640	390	160	230
Non-official language	65	30	35	1,490	680	810
Aboriginal	5	0	0	15	10	5
Non-Aboriginal	60	30	35	1,475	670	810
English and French	5	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,985	6,020	5,965	37,275	18,390	18,890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,535	5,810	5,725	35,720	17,620	18,110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,490	30,005	23,460	35,140	42,960	28,748
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,535	5,810	5,725	35,725	17,615	18,110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,846	27,479	22,245	31,708	37,949	26,527
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,175	4,725	4,450	31,940	16,075	15,860
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,033	28,247	21,643	34,375	43,093	26,605
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,505	4,665	4,840	24,905	11,120	13,790
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,852	9,748	9,952	4,890	3,168	5,754
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,085	3,775	3,305	27,585	14,230	13,360
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,938	27,955	23,648	36,750	44,789	29,716
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	11,985	6,030	5,960	37,275	18,435	18,840
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,595	5,845	5,755	35,645	17,645	18,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,665	38,323	32,964	43,842	51,040	36,788
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,600	5,845	5,755	35,655	17,645	18,010
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,103	31,862	28,316	36,811	42,090	31,639
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,165	4,700	4,470	31,945	16,240	15,705
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,432	37,436	31,274	43,081	50,725	35,175
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,475	4,650	4,825	24,910	11,095	13,815
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,340	10,338	10,341	7,487	6,903	7,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,080	3,790	3,290	27,590	14,405	13,180
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,413	37,119	31,301	43,577	50,053	36,499
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	11,985	6,025	5,960	37,275	18,430	18,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,980	1,605	1,370	14,495	8,280	6,215
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,817	43,247	41,936	53,347	60,148	47,012
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,651	53,165	47,707	59,374	64,092	53,088
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	75.8	78.7	72.0	87.9	91.1	83.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.0	62.6	54.2	77.2	80.3	73.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	24.2	21.2	28.0	12.1	8.9	16.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	11,985	6,020	5,970	37,270	18,385	18,890
Without total income	450	205	240	1,550	770	780
With total income	11,535	5,810	5,720	35,720	17,615	18,105
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.5	95.8	95.8	95.8	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,705	770	935	5,080	2,180	2,905
$10,000 to $19,999	2,720	1,235	1,490	5,950	2,350	3,600
$20,000 to $29,999	1,890	905	990	4,755	1,915	2,840
$30,000 to $39,999	1,465	740	725	4,050	1,805	2,245
$40,000 to $49,999	1,230	685	555	3,820	1,840	1,975
$50,000 to $59,999	815	430	385	3,025	1,625	1,400
$60,000 to $69,999	590	355	235	2,425	1,480	950
$70,000 to $79,999	385	215	165	1,765	1,140	625
$80,000 to $89,999	220	125	95	1,380	895	485
$90,000 to $99,999	160	95	60	1,105	665	440
$100,000 and over	350	260	95	2,360	1,720	645
$100,000 to $149,999	270	195	70	1,810	1,315	495
$150,000 and over	85	65	20	550	405	145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,985	6,020	5,970	37,275	18,385	18,885
Without after-tax income	455	210	245	1,550	770	775
With after-tax income	11,535	5,815	5,720	35,725	17,615	18,110
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.6	95.8	95.8	95.8	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,765	785	980	5,205	2,215	2,990
$10,000 to $19,999	2,815	1,285	1,530	6,270	2,485	3,780
$20,000 to $29,999	2,255	1,080	1,175	5,540	2,275	3,260
$30,000 to $39,999	1,850	985	860	4,985	2,315	2,670
$40,000 to $49,999	1,220	665	545	4,405	2,300	2,105
$50,000 to $59,999	745	435	310	3,255	1,955	1,295
$60,000 to $69,999	430	250	175	2,205	1,450	755
$70,000 to $79,999	185	120	65	1,580	995	580
$80,000 and over	280	195	80	2,295	1,625	670
$80,000 to $89,999	110	75	40	915	615	300
$90,000 to $99,999	50	40	10	505	365	135
$100,000 and over	120	85	30	880	645	230
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	11,990	6,020	5,965	37,275	18,385	18,885
Without employment income	4,905	2,240	2,665	9,685	4,155	5,525
With employment income	7,080	3,775	3,305	27,590	14,230	13,360
Percentage with employment income	59.0	62.7	55.4	74.0	77.4	70.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,255	630	625	3,440	1,595	1,850
$5,000 to $9,999	595	280	315	2,170	910	1,255
$10,000 to $19,999	1,105	580	525	3,460	1,400	2,065
$20,000 to $29,999	945	475	475	2,785	1,240	1,550
$30,000 to $39,999	860	435	425	2,895	1,295	1,595
$40,000 to $49,999	720	385	335	2,860	1,420	1,445
$50,000 to $59,999	470	270	200	2,400	1,310	1,085
$60,000 to $69,999	355	215	140	1,960	1,225	740
$70,000 to $79,999	250	140	110	1,445	960	485
$80,000 and over	520	370	155	4,165	2,875	1,295
$80,000 to $89,999	165	100	65	1,220	795	420
$90,000 to $99,999	115	75	40	985	605	380
$100,000 and over	240	195	45	1,965	1,475	495
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,567	...	...	81,695	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,033	...	...	70,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,890	...	...	3,520	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,051	...	...	36,885	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,280	...	...	33,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,310	...	...	13,300	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,414	...	...	94,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,110	...	...	81,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,677	...	...	92,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,279	...	...	78,022	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	3,525	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,312	...	...	44,390	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,263	...	...	37,589	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,310	...	...	13,300	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,576	...	...	105,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,267	...	...	88,736	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	160	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	290	...	...	320	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	410	...	...	490	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	425	...	...	615	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	345	...	...	520	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	420	...	...	570	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	365	...	...	675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	310	...	...	575	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	585	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	515	...	...	1,215	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	435	...	...	1,165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	395	...	...	1,140	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	335	...	...	1,140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	310	...	...	1,090	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,145	...	...	6,350	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...	2,320	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	1,525	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	225	...	...	1,565	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	940	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	220	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	170	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	290	...	...	325	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	435	...	...	520	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	435	...	...	675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	395	...	...	595	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	470	...	...	675	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	455	...	...	750	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	740	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	325	...	...	715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	610	...	...	1,470	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	535	...	...	1,430	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	410	...	...	1,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	380	...	...	1,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	220	...	...	1,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	670	...	...	4,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	385	...	...	2,115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	150	...	...	1,155	...	...
$150,000 and over	135	...	...	1,260	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,230	...	...	12,960	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,432	...	...	93,820	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,980	...	...	80,816	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,010	...	...	4,440	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,858	...	...	83,279	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	51,232	...	...	71,851	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,515	...	...	6,035	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,309	...	...	114,017	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,011	...	...	97,310	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...	2,110	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,859	...	...	58,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,760	...	...	53,010	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,210	...	...	12,925	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,671	...	...	104,760	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,307	...	...	87,831	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,015	...	...	4,445	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,722	...	...	93,430	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,147	...	...	77,805	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,525	...	...	6,020	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,099	...	...	126,439	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,441	...	...	105,403	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	550	...	...	2,125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,978	...	...	65,429	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,026	...	...	57,537	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,180	1,100	1,085	4,950	2,525	2,425
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,362	22,251	22,443	33,664	37,845	29,912
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,624	21,312	21,845	30,162	33,650	27,403
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,195	1,115	1,080	5,020	2,590	2,430
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,589	32,700	38,561	41,554	45,061	37,821
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,923	27,772	32,137	35,282	37,610	32,803
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,545
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,280	4,575	4,705	20,360	9,790	10,570
In the bottom decile	1,805	925	880	3,420	1,690	1,730
In the second decile	2,205	1,035	1,170	3,810	1,700	2,110
In the third decile	1,990	985	1,005	4,020	1,920	2,105
In the fourth decile	1,660	795	870	4,360	2,130	2,235
In the fifth decile	1,615	835	780	4,750	2,355	2,395
In the top half of the distribution	4,750	2,445	2,310	24,405	12,425	11,980
In the sixth decile	1,370	710	660	5,145	2,510	2,635
In the seventh decile	1,290	655	635	5,265	2,650	2,615
In the eighth decile	915	455	455	5,445	2,800	2,640
In the ninth decile	785	420	365	5,185	2,680	2,505
In the top decile	385	200	190	3,370	1,780	1,585
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,550
0 to 17 years	2,505	1,240	1,270	9,175	4,705	4,475
0 to 5 years	810	395	410	3,020	1,540	1,480
18 to 64 years	8,300	4,175	4,125	29,275	14,550	14,725
65 years and over	3,220	1,600	1,620	6,310	2,960	3,345
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,980	1,455	1,525	5,070	2,385	2,680
0 to 17 years	550	270	280	1,280	660	620
0 to 5 years	190	100	90	415	210	205
18 to 64 years	1,640	830	815	3,015	1,430	1,585
65 years and over	785	360	430	775	295	475
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.2	20.7	21.8	11.3	10.7	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0	21.8	22.0	14.0	14.0	13.9
0 to 5 years (%)	23.5	25.3	22.0	13.7	13.6	13.9
18 to 64 years (%)	19.8	19.9	19.8	10.3	9.8	10.8
65 years and over (%)	24.4	22.5	26.5	12.3	10.0	14.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	865	460	405	2,045	1,035	1,005
0 to 17 years	130	60	75	410	195	215
0 to 5 years	50	25	30	130	65	65
18 to 64 years	670	365	305	1,520	785	735
65 years and over	60	35	25	115	55	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.6	5.8	4.6	4.7	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	5.2	4.8	5.9	4.5	4.1	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2	6.3	7.3	4.3	4.2	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	8.7	7.4	5.2	5.4	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	2.2	1.5	1.8	1.9	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	14,025	7,015	7,015	44,765	22,215	22,550
Official languages	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,470	22,115	22,355
English	13,195	6,590	6,610	44,475	22,115	22,355
French	8,075	3,995	4,080	2,150	915	1,235
Non-official languages	380	210	170	5,425	2,530	2,895
Aboriginal languages	15	15	10	30	15	10
Algonquian languages	15	15	10	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	0	20	10	10
Algonquin	15	15	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	365	190	170	5,400	2,520	2,885
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	210	100	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	205	100	105
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	120	55	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	0	45	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	55	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	195	65	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	190	65	125
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	70	30	45
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	170	145	3,885	1,935	1,955
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	10	0	20	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	55	35	20	900	440	460
Baltic languages	15	10	10	15	0	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Slavic languages	45	25	15	890	445	450
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	80	60	25
Polish	20	0	15	180	70	110
Russian	10	0	0	395	190	210
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Ukrainian	15	10	0	130	70	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	25	10	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	0	15
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	100	60	45	670	340	335
Afrikaans	10	0	0	25	15	15
Danish	10	0	10	20	20	10
Dutch	0	0	0	115	55	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	90	50	40	485	250	235
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	200	110	100
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	530	260	270
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	335	155	180
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	60	25	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Urdu	0	0	0	215	100	115
Iranian languages	0	0	0	195	105	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	190	105	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	75	80	1,665	845	820
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	600	315	285
Portuguese	10	0	0	330	160	165
Romanian	10	0	0	110	50	55
Spanish	120	55	60	685	355	330
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korean	10	0	0	85	35	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	10	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	10	55	20	35
American Sign Language	0	0	10	35	0	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	590	245	345
Chinese languages	0	0	0	585	240	345
Cantonese	0	0	0	330	145	185
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	305	115	190
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	230	95	135
Estonian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	10	0	0	95	35	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,545
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	13,965	6,970	6,990	43,540	21,695	21,850
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,505	1,225	1,285	9,085	4,550	4,535
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,460	5,750	5,710	34,455	17,140	17,310
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	60	45	15	1,225	525	700
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,545
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	13,685	6,835	6,855	38,700	19,405	19,295
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	325	170	155	6,010	2,795	3,215
Before 1981	195	110	80	2,875	1,400	1,475
1981 to 1990	25	10	10	760	330	430
1991 to 2000	65	20	40	1,110	490	615
2001 to 2010	40	25	10	880	415	465
2001 to 2005	15	10	0	465	220	245
2006 to 2010	25	20	10	415	200	220
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	385	155	230
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	55	15	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	330	175	155	6,010	2,795	3,215
Under 5 years	55	35	15	800	410	395
5 to 14 years	70	25	40	1,425	700	725
15 to 24 years	85	50	40	1,385	635	750
25 to 44 years	100	55	50	1,965	845	1,120
45 years and over	10	10	10	430	205	220
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	325	175	155	6,010	2,795	3,215
Americas	95	45	40	980	460	520
Brazil	0	10	0	30	20	15
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	35	15	20
Guyana	0	0	0	95	35	60
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	145	80	65
Mexico	0	0	10	55	30	25
Peru	15	10	10	15	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	65	35	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	30	15	270	105	165
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	260	135	120
Europe	200	105	95	3,280	1,580	1,700
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	30	20	10
France	35	20	15	15	10	10
Germany	30	20	10	325	175	150
Greece	10	10	0	80	55	30
Hungary	10	0	0	60	25	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Italy	15	0	0	250	140	110
Netherlands	10	0	10	95	40	55
Poland	10	0	10	125	45	80
Portugal	10	0	0	180	100	85
Romania	0	0	0	85	30	55
Russian Federation	0	0	0	115	60	60
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	105	70	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	30	40	1,265	565	695
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	450	200	250
Africa	15	0	0	175	95	80
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	70	30	35
Asia	20	0	15	1,545	655	890
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	295	125	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	75	30	45
India	0	0	0	150	70	85
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Iraq	0	0	0	15	15	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	85	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	30	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	110	45	65
Philippines	0	0	0	210	65	140
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	85	40	50
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	80	40	45
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	230	85	145
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	385	160	230
Americas	10	10	0	90	45	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	15	10
Europe	10	0	0	70	20	50
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	0	15
Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	200	75	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	95	40	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	14,030	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,550
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	360	195	170	6,200	2,890	3,305
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	525	320	205	8,560	4,245	4,315
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	13,140	6,505	6,635	30,005	15,075	14,930
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	140	65	75	3,275	1,470	1,805
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	15	10	1,365	635	730
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	10	10	530	315	215
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	0	835	315	515
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	90	35	50	1,345	530	815
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	10	15	495	265	230
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,220	22,550
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,545	1,380	1,170	1,225	585	640
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,410	1,280	1,125	1,170	565	605
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	455	295	160	660	315	345
Métis	1,940	985	955	505	240	260
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	30	25	30	10	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	80	60	20	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,480	5,635	5,840	43,540	21,630	21,910
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,220	22,550
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	390	240	150	335	140	195
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,635	6,775	6,860	44,430	22,080	22,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,550
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	510	245	270	205	95	115
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	495	240	250	205	95	110
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	240	130	105	155	75	80
Métis single ancestry	255	110	145	50	15	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,270	1,140	1,135	1,875	955	925
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,190	1,090	1,105	1,810	910	900
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	965	495	475	1,375	695	680
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,215	590	620	430	205	220
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	80	50	30	65	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	45	30	55	35	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,240	5,630	5,610	42,680	21,170	21,510
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	14,025	7,015	7,015	44,765	22,220	22,550
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	90	50	40	3,685	1,735	1,950
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	700	335	365
Chinese	15	10	0	660	270	390
Black	20	20	0	685	385	300
Filipino	10	0	0	345	145	195
Latin American	20	0	20	380	180	195
Arab	0	0	0	100	50	55
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	10	155	75	80
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	185	100	90
Korean	0	0	10	100	35	65
Japanese	10	10	0	65	35	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	10	250	105	145
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	13,935	6,965	6,970	41,075	20,480	20,595
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	14,025	7,015	7,010	44,765	22,215	22,550
North American Aboriginal origins	2,785	1,385	1,400	2,085	1,045	1,040
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,305	680	625	1,595	810	785
Inuit	20	10	10	30	20	10
Métis	1,565	755	815	530	250	275
Other North American origins	8,370	4,250	4,125	16,580	8,095	8,485
Acadian	40	20	20	80	35	45
American	45	30	10	510	250	260
Canadian	8,270	4,190	4,085	16,260	7,925	8,335
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	145	80	70
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,430	4,205	4,225	34,010	17,020	16,990
British Isles origins	5,675	2,765	2,910	25,750	12,750	13,000
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	10
English	2,245	1,060	1,180	15,845	7,760	8,095
Irish	3,560	1,760	1,805	10,495	5,000	5,490
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	1,970	925	1,040	10,895	5,300	5,595
Welsh	65	35	40	1,025	505	515
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	125	50	70	1,555	770	785
French origins	4,370	2,165	2,205	4,630	2,325	2,300
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,365	2,165	2,200	4,630	2,330	2,300
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,365	635	730	7,160	3,580	3,585
Austrian	10	0	0	320	150	170
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	15	0	125	60	65
Dutch	160	45	120	2,400	1,200	1,205
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	1,155	560	595	4,650	2,360	2,290
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	20	20	270	140	135
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	85	50	35	1,105	520	590
Danish	15	10	10	310	165	140
Finnish	45	30	10	335	155	185
Icelandic	0	0	0	60	30	35
Norwegian	10	0	0	200	85	115
Swedish	15	0	15	205	90	120
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	30	0	25
Eastern European origins	755	355	400	4,245	2,115	2,125
Bulgarian	15	10	0	35	30	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Czech	10	0	0	175	95	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	80	30	55
Estonian	0	0	0	170	65	105
Hungarian	10	0	10	495	200	295
Latvian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lithuanian	10	10	10	160	80	85
Moldovan	0	0	0	45	25	25
Polish	635	295	340	1,420	735	685
Romanian	0	0	0	215	85	130
Russian	40	15	15	570	285	285
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	45
Ukrainian	70	35	25	1,395	740	660
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	185	80	105	4,815	2,475	2,340
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	135	75	55
Cypriot	0	0	0	65	25	45
Greek	0	0	0	440	260	175
Italian	100	35	65	2,815	1,445	1,370
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	245	155	90
Maltese	0	0	0	80	40	40
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	735	370	360
Serbian	15	10	10	90	40	45
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	75	40	40
Spanish	40	10	25	415	180	240
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	10	25	290	150	140
Basque	20	10	10	20	15	10
Jewish	10	0	10	175	85	90
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	10	90	50	45
Caribbean origins	20	10	10	925	470	450
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	45	20	20
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Jamaican	10	0	0	460	240	220
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	140	85	50
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	45	20	25
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	140	50	90
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	10	20	545	285	255
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	25	0	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	0	20	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	45	25	20
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Guatemalan	0	0	0	35	15	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	80	45	35
Hispanic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	10	70	35	40
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	55	35	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	10	0	20	0	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	10	15
African origins	45	30	10	390	185	210
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0	25	10	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	10	155	60	95
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	10	95	40	55
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other African origins	30	25	10	210	110	95
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	20	0	195	105	85
Asian origins	85	55	30	2,975	1,375	1,600
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	20	10	665	335	330
Afghan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	10	0	0	70	25	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	245	130	115
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanese	25	15	10	205	115	90
Palestinian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	20	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	45	20	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	15	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	770	375	395
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	10	485	260	225
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	90	45	50
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	70	30	40
Tamil	0	0	0	25	20	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	115	35	80
East and Southeast Asian origins	50	30	25	1,575	700	880
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	60	30	25
Chinese	30	15	10	805	355	455
Filipino	10	10	10	385	165	220
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	10	0	0	85	45	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	100	35	60
Laotian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	0	15
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	100	45	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	0	90	50	35
Australian	15	10	0	80	50	30
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
Owner	4,880	...	...	14,140	...	...
Renter	1,325	...	...	2,685	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,200	...	...	16,825	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...	350	...	...
Not condominium	6,145	...	...	16,470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,205	...	...	16,820	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	475	...	...	975	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,560	...	...	3,025	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,625	...	...	7,920	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,540	...	...	4,885	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,200	...	...	16,825	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,230	...	...	2,335	...	...
5 rooms	1,155	...	...	2,700	...	...
6 rooms	1,190	...	...	3,270	...	...
7 rooms	865	...	...	2,845	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,765	...	...	5,670	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,205	...	...	16,820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,190	...	...	16,725	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,205	...	...	16,825	...	...
Suitable	6,055	...	...	16,200	...	...
Not suitable	155	...	...	620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,205	...	...	16,825	...	...
1960 or before	2,110	...	...	3,585	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,120	...	...	3,630	...	...
1981 to 1990	745	...	...	3,265	...	...
1991 to 2000	605	...	...	2,685	...	...
2001 to 2005	205	...	...	1,535	...	...
2006 to 2010	230	...	...	985	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	190	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,205	...	...	16,820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,460	...	...	15,730	...	...
Major repairs needed	745	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,970	...	...	9,005	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,165	...	...	7,355	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,200	...	...	16,820	...	...
15 to 24 years	110	...	...	180	...	...
25 to 34 years	575	...	...	2,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	725	...	...	2,820	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,100	...	...	4,125	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,460	...	...	3,820	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,360	...	...	2,230	...	...
75 to 84 years	680	...	...	1,220	...	...
85 years and over	185	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,015	...	...	16,695	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,050	...	...	12,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	960	...	...	4,640	...	...
30% to less than 100%	830	...	...	4,035	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,695	...	...	14,030	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	42.3	...	...	71.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.0	...	...	23.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	547	...	...	1,502	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	737	...	...	1,504	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,281	...	...	448,937	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	182,892	...	...	473,467	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,320	...	...	2,680	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.8	...	...	18.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.0	...	...	49.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	535	...	...	1,092	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	610	...	...	1,122	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,985	6,025	5,960	37,270	18,435	18,840
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,940	2,285	1,660	7,550	3,880	3,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,870	1,380	1,490	12,525	6,275	6,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,170	2,365	2,805	17,190	8,275	8,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,820	1,135	680	3,545	2,630	925
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,150	630	515	1,565	980	585
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	670	500	165	1,980	1,645	340
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,195	805	1,395	8,600	3,540	5,060
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	250	75	175	650	285	365
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	905	350	555	4,395	1,825	2,575
Bachelor's degree	665	220	450	3,415	1,425	1,990
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	20	40	300	120	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	30	10	65	30	40
Master's degree	125	70	55	565	220	345
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	15	0	60	35	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,325	3,610	3,715	25,375	12,560	12,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,840	1,150	690	3,480	2,030	1,455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,740	830	910	8,310	4,160	4,150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,745	1,630	2,110	13,580	6,370	7,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,365	830	530	2,665	1,995	665
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	865	455	410	1,160	740	415
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	495	375	120	1,510	1,255	250
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,645	590	1,060	6,955	2,820	4,135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	45	100	465	200	265
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	590	170	415	3,500	1,355	2,145
Bachelor's degree	465	115	350	2,690	1,055	1,630
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	10	25	240	90	150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	45	15	30
Master's degree	65	30	30	470	160	315
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,985	6,030	5,960	37,275	18,435	18,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,815	3,660	3,155	20,080	10,160	9,920
Education	455	130	320	895	215	680
13. Education	450	130	325	890	215	680
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	55	45	745	390	360
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	225	165	65
50. Visual and performing arts	95	45	45	520	225	295
Humanities	145	65	85	600	260	340
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	10	160	30	130
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	160	75	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	45	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	95	45	45
54. History	15	10	10	105	55	50
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	390	85	310	2,075	480	1,595
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	35	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	155	50	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	10	145	530	30	500
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	30	470	90	375
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	0	60
42. Psychology	70	15	55	235	30	205
45. Social sciences	100	40	55	595	270	325
Business, management and public administration	1,120	210	910	3,120	1,015	2,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	35	10	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	105	30	75	375	60	315
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,010	180	830	2,710	945	1,765
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	60	40	370	180	190
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	155	70	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	15	70	35	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	110	75	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	35	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	70	30	580	330	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	70	20	445	270	175
25. Library science	15	0	10	45	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	40	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,085	1,055	35	4,255	3,970	285
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	115	80	30
14. Engineering	40	35	0	430	340	95
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	185	170	10	760	670	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	285	280	10	1,215	1,175	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	325	320	10	1,200	1,175	25
48. Precision production	240	230	0	550	535	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265	195	70	335	235	105
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	90	30	220	155	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	110	35	125	75	45
Health and related fields	900	140	760	2,580	415	2,165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	10	25	220	110	110
51. Health professions and related programs	860	130	730	2,345	300	2,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	510	310	205	1,620	785	835
12. Personal and culinary services	265	90	180	760	195	570
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	115	95	20	590	355	240
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	0	250	230	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,325	3,610	3,715	25,375	12,565	12,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,580	1,980	1,600	11,795	6,190	5,600
Education	205	70	140	670	160	505
13. Education	205	65	135	665	160	510
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	50	40	545	265	280
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	140	105	35
50. Visual and performing arts	80	40	40	405	165	245
Humanities	80	30	45	430	195	235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	110	25	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	15	110	55	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	35	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	65	25	40
54. History	10	10	10	85	50	35
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	15	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	290	45	240	1,730	340	1,380
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	135	40	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	10	115	465	30	435
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25	420	55	360
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	50	0	40
42. Psychology	55	10	55	200	20	185
45. Social sciences	65	30	35	440	200	245
Business, management and public administration	885	130	760	2,450	740	1,710
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	35	10	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	15	65	315	50	265
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	805	115	690	2,100	685	1,420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	40	35	290	130	155
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	15	130	60	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	50	20	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	80	50	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	25	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	65	20	520	280	235
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	60	0	405	250	160
25. Library science	10	0	15	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	30	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	790	775	20	3,385	3,145	240
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	90	65	30
14. Engineering	20	15	10	345	260	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	135	125	10	640	570	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	235	240	0	940	910	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	255	10	950	935	15
48. Precision production	125	120	0	415	405	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	135	70	250	150	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	65	35	165	105	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	70	35	90	50	40
Health and related fields	680	90	590	2,010	310	1,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	0	25	195	90	100
51. Health professions and related programs	650	90	555	1,815	220	1,590
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	380	215	165	1,315	640	680
12. Personal and culinary services	215	75	145	620	160	455
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	90	65	20	480	280	200
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	65	0	205	190	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,990	6,025	5,960	37,270	18,435	18,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,815	3,660	3,150	20,080	10,155	9,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,175	2,365	2,805	17,195	8,275	8,915
Location of study inside Canada	5,025	2,285	2,735	15,570	7,515	8,055
Same as province or territory of residence	2,740	1,215	1,530	14,880	7,190	7,690
Different than province or territory of residence	2,280	1,075	1,205	690	320	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	150	75	70	1,620	765	855
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	45	10	300	125	170
Philippines	0	0	0	55	10	40
India	0	0	0	50	30	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	10	25	240	105	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	95	50	45
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	55	25	35	880	435	445
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,325	3,610	3,715	25,375	12,560	12,810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,580	1,980	1,600	11,790	6,190	5,600
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,745	1,630	2,115	13,585	6,375	7,215
Location of study inside Canada	3,655	1,590	2,065	12,450	5,875	6,570
Same as province or territory of residence	2,080	880	1,195	11,930	5,640	6,285
Different than province or territory of residence	1,575	710	865	520	235	290
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	45	50	1,135	490	640
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	25	0	235	90	140
Philippines	0	0	0	50	15	35
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	15	110	65	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	95	45	45
France	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other	30	0	20	600	255	350
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	11,985	6,025	5,960	37,275	18,435	18,840
In the labour force	6,295	3,395	2,900	25,590	13,500	12,090
Employed	5,630	2,935	2,700	23,975	12,640	11,335
Unemployed	660	465	200	1,615	855	760
Not in the labour force	5,690	2,630	3,060	11,680	4,935	6,745
Participation rate	52.5	56.3	48.7	68.7	73.2	64.2
Employment rate	47.0	48.7	45.3	64.3	68.6	60.2
Unemployment rate	10.5	13.7	6.9	6.3	6.3	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	11,990	6,025	5,960	37,270	18,430	18,840
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,300	2,455	2,835	10,915	4,565	6,350
Worked	6,690	3,570	3,120	26,360	13,875	12,490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,110	1,685	1,425	14,855	8,500	6,355
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,580	1,885	1,695	11,510	5,375	6,140
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	40.5	42.2	43.8	44.3	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	6,295	3,395	2,905	25,590	13,500	12,095
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	95	85	350	160	190
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	6,110	3,300	2,815	25,245	13,340	11,910
Employee	5,205	2,645	2,550	22,130	11,340	10,785
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	910	655	260	3,115	1,995	1,120
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	6,295	3,395	2,900	25,590	13,500	12,095
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	95	90	345	160	185
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	6,110	3,300	2,810	25,245	13,335	11,905
0 Management occupations	665	460	200	2,845	1,690	1,155
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	855	140	710	3,750	835	2,920
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	160	105	55	1,350	1,080	270
3 Health occupations	475	90	385	1,215	130	1,085
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	715	175	540	2,610	785	1,825
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	25	60	650	285	370
6 Sales and service occupations	1,305	530	775	5,685	2,230	3,455
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,360	1,310	50	5,215	4,835	390
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	265	250	15	745	600	145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	235	215	20	1,175	870	300
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	6,295	3,395	2,900	25,590	13,495	12,095
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	95	90	350	160	190
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	6,110	3,300	2,810	25,245	13,340	11,905
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	405	315	90	450	300	150
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	80	0	60	60	0
22 Utilities	65	55	10	205	140	65
23 Construction	820	780	40	3,190	2,855	335
31-33 Manufacturing	345	275	70	2,515	1,845	665
41 Wholesale trade	105	85	25	1,050	645	405
44-45 Retail trade	700	330	370	2,880	1,295	1,585
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	230	185	50	1,070	725	340
51 Information and cultural industries	70	35	30	605	290	310
52 Finance and insurance	170	30	135	950	290	660
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	45	25	465	270	200
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	200	120	80	1,530	715	815
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	275	195	80	1,440	850	590
61 Educational services	375	105	270	1,630	535	1,100
62 Health care and social assistance	985	145	845	2,580	320	2,260
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	65	45	605	340	265
72 Accommodation and food services	255	70	190	1,315	385	930
81 Other services (except public administration)	285	120	165	1,190	630	555
91 Public administration	555	270	285	1,495	835	665
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,635	2,935	2,700	23,980	12,640	11,340
Worked at home	610	360	255	1,575	690	885
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	45	25	20
No fixed workplace address	800	675	125	4,055	3,170	885
Worked at usual place	4,210	1,890	2,320	18,305	8,750	9,550
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,205	1,890	2,320	18,300	8,750	9,555
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	860	370	490	4,645	1,730	2,920
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,455	515	940	9,245	4,405	4,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	430	240	185	4,375	2,595	1,785
Commute to a different province or territory	1,460	760	705	35	30	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,010	2,560	2,445	22,360	11,920	10,435
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,425	2,285	2,140	19,455	10,705	8,750
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	260	130	130	1,485	625	865
Public transit	45	25	15	670	285	390
Walked	205	75	135	530	200	330
Bicycle	10	10	0	45	45	0
Other method	65	40	20	165	75	90
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,010	2,565	2,445	22,360	11,925	10,435
Less than 15 minutes	1,655	720	935	4,020	1,645	2,365
15 to 29 minutes	1,115	550	570	5,010	2,215	2,795
30 to 44 minutes	795	355	435	4,735	2,475	2,260
45 to 59 minutes	335	220	115	3,095	1,780	1,325
60 minutes and over	1,095	715	385	5,500	3,805	1,690
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,010	2,565	2,445	22,360	11,925	10,435
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	635	445	190	3,250	2,570	680
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,090	660	430	4,855	2,935	1,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,500	720	780	5,145	2,445	2,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	795	255	540	3,575	1,330	2,240
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	305	85	220	1,995	740	1,250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	690	405	280	3,540	1,900	1,640
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,900	3,675	3,220	27,145	14,245	12,895
Single responses	6,280	3,415	2,865	27,015	14,205	12,810
Official languages	6,280	3,415	2,865	26,870	14,155	12,720
English	4,540	2,555	1,980	26,810	14,135	12,680
French	1,740	860	885	60	25	40
Non-official languages	0	0	0	140	50	90
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	50	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	620	260	355	135	45	90
English and French	620	265	360	50	20	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	25	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,900	3,675	3,225	27,145	14,250	12,895
None	4,535	2,500	2,035	26,500	13,960	12,545
English	1,125	535	590	90	30	55
French	1,200	620	585	230	95	130
Non-official language	30	20	0	305	155	150
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	30	20	10	295	155	140
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	13,865	6,950	6,915	44,255	21,960	22,295
Non-movers	12,740	6,390	6,350	39,140	19,525	19,615
Movers	1,130	560	570	5,115	2,440	2,675
Non-migrants	500	255	250	2,230	1,055	1,175
Migrants	625	305	315	2,890	1,385	1,505
Internal migrants	620	300	320	2,800	1,345	1,455
Intraprovincial migrants	375	175	200	2,725	1,310	1,420
Interprovincial migrants	245	125	120	70	35	40
External migrants	10	0	0	90	35	55
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	13,370	6,735	6,645	42,210	20,935	21,270
Non-movers	10,155	5,120	5,035	27,325	13,660	13,675
Movers	3,215	1,605	1,605	14,880	7,285	7,595
Non-migrants	1,375	645	730	6,455	3,155	3,305
Migrants	1,845	965	875	8,425	4,130	4,295
Internal migrants	1,825	955	875	8,070	3,965	4,105
Intraprovincial migrants	1,165	580	590	7,745	3,835	3,915
Interprovincial migrants	660	375	290	325	135	190
External migrants	20	10	0	360	165	190

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pontiac, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Georgina, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Georgina, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Georgina, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Georgina, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario