Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rouyn-Noranda, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Census agglomeration], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Rouyn-Noranda, TÉ Quebec [Census division]			Rouyn-Noranda Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Rouyn-Noranda, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Map : Rouyn-Noranda, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Rouyn-Noranda [Census agglomeration], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,334	...	...	42,334	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	41,012	...	...	41,012^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	20,568	...	...	20,568	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18,851	...	...	18,851	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,009.86	...	...	6,009.86	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,335	21,165	21,170	42,335	21,165	21,170
0 to 14 years	7,045	3,610	3,430	7,045	3,610	3,435
0 to 4 years	2,445	1,250	1,200	2,445	1,250	1,200
5 to 9 years	2,485	1,255	1,230	2,485	1,255	1,225
10 to 14 years	2,115	1,105	1,005	2,115	1,105	1,005
15 to 64 years	28,045	14,260	13,790	28,045	14,255	13,785
15 to 19 years	2,420	1,205	1,205	2,420	1,210	1,210
20 to 24 years	2,740	1,375	1,365	2,740	1,380	1,365
25 to 29 years	2,785	1,475	1,310	2,785	1,480	1,310
30 to 34 years	2,675	1,400	1,275	2,675	1,400	1,275
35 to 39 years	2,565	1,325	1,235	2,565	1,325	1,235
40 to 44 years	2,385	1,195	1,195	2,385	1,190	1,195
45 to 49 years	2,570	1,260	1,310	2,570	1,260	1,310
50 to 54 years	3,325	1,695	1,630	3,325	1,695	1,630
55 to 59 years	3,570	1,800	1,770	3,570	1,800	1,770
60 to 64 years	3,010	1,520	1,485	3,010	1,525	1,490
65 years and over	7,245	3,295	3,945	7,245	3,300	3,950
65 to 69 years	2,410	1,200	1,210	2,405	1,200	1,210
70 to 74 years	1,770	880	895	1,770	875	890
75 to 79 years	1,255	550	710	1,255	550	710
80 to 84 years	935	375	555	930	375	560
85 years and over	880	300	575	880	300	580
85 to 89 years	575	205	370	575	205	370
90 to 94 years	260	80	175	260	85	175
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	40	10	25
100 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.1	16.2	16.6	17.1	16.2
15 to 64 years	66.2	67.4	65.1	66.2	67.4	65.1
65 years and over	17.1	15.6	18.6	17.1	15.6	18.7
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.7	2.1	1.4	2.7
Average age of the population	41.3	40.5	42.1	41.3	40.5	42.1
Median age of the population	41.9	40.8	43.2	41.9	40.8	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
Single-detached house	10,025	...	...	10,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	55	...	...	55	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,540	...	...	8,540	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,110	...	...	1,115	...	...
Row house	120	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,665	...	...	1,665	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,490	...	...	5,490	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	145	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	230	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
1 person	6,385	...	...	6,385	...	...
2 persons	7,010	...	...	7,010	...	...
3 persons	2,410	...	...	2,410	...	...
4 persons	2,065	...	...	2,065	...	...
5 or more persons	980	...	...	985	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,165	...	...	41,165	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	35,290	17,555	17,735	35,285	17,555	17,735
Married or living common law	20,850	10,410	10,445	20,855	10,405	10,445
Married	10,275	5,120	5,155	10,275	5,120	5,155
Living common law	10,575	5,290	5,290	10,575	5,285	5,290
Not married and not living common law	14,440	7,150	7,290	14,440	7,145	7,290
Never married	9,765	5,475	4,290	9,760	5,480	4,290
Separated	470	215	250	470	215	255
Divorced	2,170	1,000	1,175	2,175	1,000	1,175
Widowed	2,035	460	1,575	2,030	460	1,575
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	11,965	...	...	11,965	...	...
2 persons	6,825	...	...	6,825	...	...
3 persons	2,290	...	...	2,290	...	...
4 persons	1,970	...	...	1,970	...	...
5 or more persons	875	...	...	875	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	11,965	...	...	11,965	...	...
Total couple families	10,220	...	...	10,220	...	...
Married couples	4,935	...	...	4,935	...	...
Common-law couples	5,285	...	...	5,285	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,745	...	...	1,745	...	...
Female parent	1,150	...	...	1,150	...	...
Male parent	600	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,220	...	...	10,220	...	...
Couples without children	5,765	...	...	5,765	...	...
Couples with children	4,455	...	...	4,455	...	...
1 child	1,750	...	...	1,755	...	...
2 children	1,855	...	...	1,855	...	...
3 or more children	850	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,745	...	...	1,750	...	...
1 child	1,060	...	...	1,060	...	...
2 children	540	...	...	540	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,105	4,235	3,870	8,105	4,235	3,875
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
One-census-family households	11,785	...	...	11,785	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,685	...	...	5,685	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,100	...	...	6,100	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	90	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,980	...	...	6,980	...	...
One-person households	6,385	...	...	6,385	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	595	...	...	595	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	42,090	21,065	21,020	42,090	21,065	21,020
English only	110	55	65	110	55	65
French only	27,905	13,010	14,895	27,905	13,010	14,895
English and French	14,050	7,990	6,060	14,050	7,995	6,055
Neither English nor French	20	15	5	20	10	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	42,085	21,065	21,020	42,085	21,065	21,025
English	885	430	455	885	425	455
French	41,030	20,550	20,480	41,030	20,550	20,480
English and French	150	75	80	150	75	80
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	15	10	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	965	465	495	965	465	495
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.2	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	42,085	21,065	21,025	42,085	21,065	21,025
Single responses	41,700	20,865	20,835	41,700	20,860	20,835
Official languages	41,165	20,575	20,590	41,165	20,575	20,590
English	810	390	420	810	390	420
French	40,355	20,185	20,170	40,355	20,185	20,175
Non-official languages	535	290	245	530	285	245
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	25	10	20
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	15	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Algonquin	5	0	5	10	0	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	505	275	235	505	275	230
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	105	80	185	110	75
Berber languages	20	10	5	15	10	5
Kabyle	15	10	0	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	165	95	70	165	95	70
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	170	95	70	170	95	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	100	105	205	100	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	45	25	20
Baltic languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	40	25	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	10	5	10
Russian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	60	70	125	60	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	15	10	10
Portuguese	15	10	5	10	10	5
Romanian	15	10	10	20	5	10
Spanish	80	30	50	80	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	40	30	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	5	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	15	5	10	15	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	35	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	5	15	10	5
Chinese languages	15	10	5	15	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	5	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	205	185	390	205	190
English and French	295	150	145	290	150	145
English and non-official language	10	5	5	15	5	10
French and non-official language	75	45	35	75	45	35
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	10	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	42,085	21,065	21,020	42,085	21,065	21,025
Single responses	41,695	20,880	20,815	41,700	20,885	20,815
Official languages	41,525	20,785	20,740	41,530	20,785	20,740
English	525	270	265	525	265	260
French	41,000	20,520	20,480	41,000	20,520	20,480
Non-official languages	170	95	75	165	95	75
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	165	85	75	160	90	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	65	40	25
Berber languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	35	25	60	35	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	25	60	40	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	30	35	70	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	60	25	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	5	5
Romanian	10	0	5	10	5	5
Spanish	35	15	20	35	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	5	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	5	5	0	5	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	180	205	390	180	210
English and French	235	110	125	235	105	125
English and non-official language	5	5	0	5	0	5
French and non-official language	130	65	65	130	65	65
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	42,090	21,065	21,020	42,085	21,065	21,025
None	39,455	19,650	19,805	39,455	19,650	19,805
English	1,945	1,055	890	1,945	1,055	890
French	355	185	165	355	185	170
Non-official language	275	145	130	275	145	135
Aboriginal	10	10	5	10	10	5
Non-Aboriginal	260	135	125	265	135	125
English and French	20	10	10	15	10	10
English and non-official language	30	20	15	35	20	15
French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	34,145	17,160	16,985	34,150	17,165	16,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,265	16,805	16,455	33,260	16,810	16,455
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,363	44,116	27,826	35,363	44,116	27,826
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,270	16,810	16,460	33,270	16,805	16,465
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,150	37,684	25,264	31,150	37,684	25,264
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,730	15,415	14,310	29,730	15,420	14,310
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,024	41,546	24,875	32,024	41,546	24,875
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,510	11,410	13,100	24,505	11,410	13,100
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,043	7,885	8,157	8,043	7,885	8,157
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,975	13,390	11,590	24,975	13,390	11,585
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,786	43,380	26,106	33,786	43,380	26,106
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	34,150	17,160	16,985	34,145	17,160	16,990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,250	16,780	16,470	33,250	16,780	16,475
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,512	56,347	34,474	45,512	56,347	34,474
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,255	16,780	16,475	33,255	16,780	16,480
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,890	42,318	29,344	35,890	42,318	29,344
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,625	15,370	14,250	29,625	15,370	14,250
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,440	54,620	31,381	43,440	54,620	31,381
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,405	11,310	13,095	24,405	11,310	13,100
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,280	9,362	9,209	9,280	9,362	9,209
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,975	13,430	11,545	24,975	13,435	11,545
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,801	53,839	32,120	43,801	53,839	32,120
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	34,145	17,160	16,990	34,150	17,160	16,985
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	10,490	5,855	4,630	10,485	5,855	4,635
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,775	60,248	40,585	49,775	60,248	40,585
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,920	70,677	46,325	59,920	70,677	46,325
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.9	88.5	79.0	84.9	88.5	79.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.0	75.8	66.0	72.0	75.8	66.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.1	11.5	21.0	15.1	11.5	21.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	34,150	17,165	16,990	34,145	17,160	16,985
Without total income	885	355	530	890	355	535
With total income	33,260	16,810	16,455	33,260	16,805	16,455
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.9	96.9	97.4	97.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,710	1,400	2,310	3,710	1,400	2,310
$10,000 to $19,999	5,850	2,190	3,665	5,850	2,190	3,660
$20,000 to $29,999	4,835	2,060	2,770	4,830	2,060	2,770
$30,000 to $39,999	4,115	1,915	2,195	4,110	1,915	2,195
$40,000 to $49,999	3,835	1,885	1,945	3,835	1,885	1,950
$50,000 to $59,999	2,785	1,505	1,270	2,780	1,505	1,275
$60,000 to $69,999	2,050	1,315	735	2,050	1,315	735
$70,000 to $79,999	1,560	970	590	1,560	970	590
$80,000 to $89,999	1,160	780	375	1,160	785	375
$90,000 to $99,999	825	655	170	825	655	170
$100,000 and over	2,555	2,125	430	2,550	2,120	425
$100,000 to $149,999	1,940	1,630	310	1,940	1,630	310
$150,000 and over	610	495	115	610	495	115
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,150	17,160	16,990	34,150	17,165	16,990
Without after-tax income	875	350	520	875	350	525
With after-tax income	33,275	16,810	16,465	33,270	16,805	16,460
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	98.0	96.9	97.4	97.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,840	1,445	2,395	3,840	1,445	2,395
$10,000 to $19,999	6,195	2,340	3,855	6,190	2,340	3,855
$20,000 to $29,999	5,945	2,605	3,340	5,945	2,605	3,335
$30,000 to $39,999	5,420	2,625	2,790	5,420	2,630	2,790
$40,000 to $49,999	4,140	2,280	1,860	4,145	2,285	1,860
$50,000 to $59,999	2,650	1,650	1,000	2,650	1,650	1,000
$60,000 to $69,999	1,880	1,260	615	1,880	1,260	615
$70,000 to $79,999	1,210	965	245	1,210	960	250
$80,000 and over	1,995	1,635	360	1,995	1,630	360
$80,000 to $89,999	755	615	135	755	615	135
$90,000 to $99,999	445	380	65	445	380	65
$100,000 and over	800	635	160	795	640	160
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	34,145	17,160	16,990	34,150	17,160	16,990
Without employment income	9,170	3,770	5,400	9,170	3,775	5,400
With employment income	24,975	13,390	11,590	24,975	13,390	11,590
Percentage with employment income	73.1	78.0	68.2	73.1	78.0	68.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,180	1,620	1,560	3,180	1,620	1,560
$5,000 to $9,999	1,940	795	1,145	1,935	795	1,145
$10,000 to $19,999	3,370	1,355	2,015	3,365	1,355	2,015
$20,000 to $29,999	2,950	1,260	1,685	2,945	1,255	1,690
$30,000 to $39,999	2,825	1,260	1,575	2,825	1,255	1,575
$40,000 to $49,999	2,495	1,240	1,255	2,500	1,240	1,255
$50,000 to $59,999	1,830	1,090	740	1,830	1,090	740
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	950	465	1,415	950	465
$70,000 to $79,999	1,250	765	485	1,255	765	485
$80,000 and over	3,725	3,060	660	3,725	3,060	665
$80,000 to $89,999	875	650	225	875	650	225
$90,000 to $99,999	720	585	135	715	585	130
$100,000 and over	2,135	1,830	310	2,130	1,830	310
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,994	...	...	62,994	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,020	...	...	54,020	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,380	...	...	6,380	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,737	...	...	30,737	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,731	...	...	27,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,470	...	...	12,470	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,561	...	...	86,561	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,732	...	...	72,732	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	18,855	...	...	18,855	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,278	...	...	80,278	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,315	...	...	63,315	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,385	...	...	6,380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,004	...	...	41,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,657	...	...	33,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,470	...	...	12,470	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,380	...	...	100,380	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,495	...	...	78,495	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	18,855	...	...	18,850	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	180	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	650	...	...	645	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,035	...	...	1,030	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	960	...	...	960	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	800	...	...	795	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	985	...	...	990	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	970	...	...	970	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	890	...	...	885	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	790	...	...	795	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,505	...	...	1,505	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,240	...	...	1,240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,035	...	...	1,035	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	950	...	...	950	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,415	...	...	5,415	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,925	...	...	1,920	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,435	...	...	1,435	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,340	...	...	1,345	...	...
$200,000 and over	715	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	195	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	660	...	...	660	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,090	...	...	1,095	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,090	...	...	1,090	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	995	...	...	990	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,180	...	...	1,180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,190	...	...	1,190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,045	...	...	1,050	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,005	...	...	1,005	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,655	...	...	1,655	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,525	...	...	1,525	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	...	...	1,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,175	...	...	1,175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,030	...	...	1,030	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,370	...	...	3,370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,740	...	...	1,745	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	850	...	...	845	...	...
$150,000 and over	785	...	...	785	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	11,995	...	...	12,000	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,368	...	...	87,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,328	...	...	73,328	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,610	...	...	5,610	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,061	...	...	75,061	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,339	...	...	63,339	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,480	...	...	4,480	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,771	...	...	121,771	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,656	...	...	98,656	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,968	...	...	51,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,771	...	...	46,771	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,000	...	...	12,000	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,319	...	...	101,319	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,988	...	...	78,988	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,585	...	...	5,585	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,586	...	...	86,586	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,392	...	...	70,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,455	...	...	4,455	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,035	...	...	137,035	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,094	...	...	101,094	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	1,720	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,664	...	...	59,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,083	...	...	51,083	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,630	4,005	3,625	7,630	4,005	3,625
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,655	33,103	24,532	28,655	33,103	24,532
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,200	29,264	23,303	26,200	29,264	23,303
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,630	3,990	3,645	7,630	3,985	3,645
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,964	44,927	32,438	38,964	44,927	32,438
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,181	36,074	27,921	32,181	36,074	27,921
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,165	20,755	20,410	41,165	20,760	20,410
In the bottom half of the distribution	21,095	10,290	10,805	21,095	10,290	10,800
In the bottom decile	3,150	1,530	1,625	3,150	1,525	1,625
In the second decile	4,265	1,910	2,350	4,260	1,910	2,355
In the third decile	4,435	2,195	2,245	4,435	2,195	2,240
In the fourth decile	4,735	2,350	2,385	4,730	2,350	2,385
In the fifth decile	4,510	2,315	2,200	4,510	2,310	2,195
In the top half of the distribution	20,070	10,465	9,605	20,070	10,465	9,605
In the sixth decile	4,755	2,440	2,320	4,755	2,435	2,320
In the seventh decile	4,790	2,470	2,320	4,795	2,475	2,320
In the eighth decile	4,340	2,260	2,080	4,340	2,265	2,080
In the ninth decile	3,745	2,000	1,750	3,750	2,005	1,750
In the top decile	2,435	1,290	1,140	2,430	1,290	1,140
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	41,170	20,760	20,405	41,170	20,760	20,410
0 to 17 years	8,375	4,265	4,105	8,375	4,270	4,105
0 to 5 years	2,920	1,490	1,435	2,920	1,490	1,435
18 to 64 years	26,525	13,495	13,035	26,525	13,495	13,030
65 years and over	6,270	2,995	3,275	6,270	2,995	3,275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,240	2,400	2,840	5,240	2,400	2,840
0 to 17 years	815	420	390	815	420	395
0 to 5 years	290	140	150	290	140	150
18 to 64 years	3,050	1,475	1,575	3,050	1,475	1,575
65 years and over	1,370	500	875	1,370	500	875
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.7	11.6	13.9	12.7	11.6	13.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.7	9.8	9.5	9.7	9.8	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	9.4	10.5	9.9	9.4	10.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.9	12.1	11.5	10.9	12.1
65 years and over (%)	21.9	16.7	26.7	21.9	16.7	26.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,065	1,060	1,005	2,065	1,060	1,005
0 to 17 years	280	160	120	280	155	125
0 to 5 years	95	55	45	90	50	45
18 to 64 years	1,695	865	825	1,695	870	825
65 years and over	90	40	50	90	35	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.1	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.9	3.3	3.6	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.7	3.1	3.1	3.4	3.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.4	6.3	6.4	6.4	6.3
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,165	20,760	20,410	41,170	20,760	20,410
Official languages	41,150	20,750	20,405	41,150	20,745	20,405
English	14,010	7,985	6,020	14,010	7,990	6,020
French	41,040	20,700	20,340	41,040	20,695	20,340
Non-official languages	1,640	830	810	1,645	835	810
Aboriginal languages	70	45	25	70	40	30
Algonquian languages	60	35	15	55	40	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	45	30	15	45	30	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	25	15	45	30	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	25	10	30	25	10
Algonquin	25	25	0	25	20	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	10	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,570	790	785	1,570	790	780
Afro-Asiatic languages	305	155	145	305	160	145
Berber languages	30	20	10	30	20	15
Kabyle	20	10	10	20	15	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	295	150	140	295	150	145
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	295	150	140	295	150	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	30	45	10	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	35	10	25	40	10	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,060	535	525	1,060	535	525
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	45	20	70	45	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	40	20	60	45	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10	30	20	10
Russian	30	15	0	30	20	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	60	45	105	55	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	15	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	85	50	40	90	50	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	915	450	465	910	455	460
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	35	55	85	35	55
Portuguese	45	20	25	45	25	25
Romanian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	840	415	420	835	420	420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	100	50	50	100	50	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	10	0	10
Wolof	25	10	10	25	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	30	30	70	35	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	20	25	0	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	25	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	35	10	40	35	10
Chinese languages	45	30	0	40	35	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	20	0	25	20	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	0	20	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lao	10	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	41,170	20,760	20,410	41,170	20,760	20,405
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	40,760	20,535	20,230	40,760	20,535	20,225
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,300	4,250	4,050	8,300	4,250	4,050
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,465	16,280	16,180	32,465	16,280	16,180
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	405	225	185	410	225	185
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	41,165	20,760	20,410	41,165	20,760	20,410
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	40,240	20,295	19,950	40,245	20,295	19,950
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	765	370	395	760	365	395
Before 1981	155	90	70	155	85	70
1981 to 1990	55	20	30	55	25	30
1991 to 2000	85	45	45	85	45	45
2001 to 2010	235	105	125	230	105	125
2001 to 2005	80	35	40	75	35	40
2006 to 2010	155	70	85	155	70	85
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	230	110	125	230	105	120
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	165	100	65	160	100	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	760	365	395	765	370	395
Under 5 years	145	65	80	145	65	80
5 to 14 years	115	40	75	115	45	75
15 to 24 years	130	45	85	130	45	85
25 to 44 years	350	205	150	350	205	150
45 years and over	20	15	0	20	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	765	370	395	760	370	395
Americas	110	50	65	110	45	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	10	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	15	25	40	10	25
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	20	15	0	20
Peru	10	10	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	25	0	30	25	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	15	10	10
Europe	270	145	125	270	145	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	130	70	65	130	65	60
Germany	30	15	15	30	15	15
Greece	10	0	0	10	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	15	25	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	0	10
Poland	10	0	10	10	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	15	0	10	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	30	15	40	25	15
Africa	280	140	140	280	145	140
Algeria	50	30	20	50	30	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	70	30	35	70	35	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	160	75	80	160	80	80
Asia	105	35	70	105	35	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	10	30	35	0	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	25	25	50	20	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	230	110	120	230	110	125
Americas	25	15	10	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	10	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	35	60	30	35
France	30	15	15	30	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	20	10	10
Africa	145	70	75	145	70	75
Algeria	35	20	10	30	20	15
Cameroon	20	0	15	15	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	15	10	25	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	20	25	0	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	35	15	20
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,170	20,760	20,410	41,170	20,760	20,410
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	965	480	480	960	480	480
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,075	515	560	1,075	515	560
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	39,130	19,760	19,370	39,130	19,760	19,370
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	605	285	320	610	285	320
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	335	180	160	335	180	155
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	170	130	40	170	130	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	165	50	115	165	50	120
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	240	90	150	240	95	150
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	30	15	20	35	15	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,165	20,755	20,410	41,170	20,760	20,410
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,065	590	480	1,065	590	475
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,005	550	455	1,005	555	455
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	380	195	185	380	195	185
Métis	615	350	265	615	350	260
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	25	10	25	20	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	15	20	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,100	20,170	19,930	40,100	20,170	19,930
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,165	20,755	20,405	41,165	20,760	20,405
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	390	205	185	390	205	185
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,780	20,555	20,225	40,780	20,555	20,225
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,165	20,755	20,410	41,170	20,760	20,410
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	670	340	330	670	340	330
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	655	330	325	655	335	330
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	565	295	275	565	290	275
Métis single ancestry	85	40	40	80	40	40
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,965	1,030	935	1,970	1,035	935
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,895	990	905	1,895	985	905
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,550	795	755	1,550	800	755
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	320	170	145	320	170	145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	45	30	75	50	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	45	30	80	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	38,530	19,390	19,145	38,530	19,385	19,145
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,170	20,755	20,410	41,165	20,755	20,405
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	805	370	435	805	370	435
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	15	25	10	15
Chinese	65	25	40	65	25	40
Black	370	175	195	370	170	195
Filipino	10	0	0	10	10	10
Latin American	55	10	45	60	15	45
Arab	260	135	120	260	135	120
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	10	15	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	10	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,365	20,390	19,975	40,360	20,385	19,970
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,170	20,755	20,405	41,165	20,760	20,410
North American Aboriginal origins	2,635	1,375	1,265	2,640	1,370	1,265
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,210	1,150	1,060	2,205	1,150	1,060
Inuit	30	15	15	30	15	15
Métis	490	265	225	485	260	225
Other North American origins	32,230	16,185	16,045	32,230	16,185	16,045
Acadian	200	95	100	200	95	105
American	240	120	120	240	120	120
Canadian	31,210	15,625	15,585	31,205	15,620	15,585
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	920	505	410	920	510	415
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	13,635	6,955	6,675	13,630	6,955	6,675
British Isles origins	3,285	1,585	1,695	3,290	1,585	1,695
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	615	290	325	615	290	325
Irish	2,350	1,130	1,220	2,350	1,130	1,220
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	770	395	375	770	395	380
Welsh	10	0	0	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	85	40	45	90	40	45
French origins	10,775	5,590	5,185	10,775	5,590	5,180
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	180	95	75	180	100	80
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,690	5,550	5,140	10,690	5,550	5,135
Western European origins (except French origins)	850	365	480	845	365	485
Austrian	15	10	0	20	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	185	85	95	185	85	100
Dutch	45	10	30	45	15	30
Flemish	10	0	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	585	245	335	585	250	335
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swiss	25	10	20	25	10	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	110	55	60	115	50	60
Danish	10	0	10	15	10	0
Finnish	50	25	20	50	30	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	10	25	30	10	30
Swedish	0	10	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	10	15	0	10
Eastern European origins	540	280	265	545	280	265
Bulgarian	30	10	15	25	10	15
Byelorussian	20	10	10	20	10	10
Czech	20	10	10	20	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	25	35	10	20
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	240	140	100	240	145	95
Romanian	20	10	10	20	10	10
Russian	50	25	25	50	25	25
Slovak	20	15	0	20	20	0
Ukrainian	145	60	85	145	60	85
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	630	365	270	630	360	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	40	20	20
Italian	390	240	155	390	240	155
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	35	30	65	35	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	30	20	10	30	20	10
Spanish	60	25	35	60	30	35
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	35	10	40	30	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	60	40	100	60	40
Basque	30	20	10	30	25	0
Jewish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	25	35	65	25	35
Caribbean origins	130	50	80	130	50	80
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	115	45	70	115	45	65
Jamaican	10	0	0	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	110	40	70	110	40	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	15	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	35	10	20	35	10	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	20	20	45	20	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	585	330	255	585	330	250
Central and West African origins	205	105	95	205	110	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	10	20	10	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	25	20	0	25	20	10
Cameroonian	35	10	20	35	10	20
Chadian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	20	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	25	20	10	20	15	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	20	15	40	25	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	10	10	0	10
Senegalese	15	0	10	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	10	35	45	10	40
North African origins	320	200	125	320	200	120
Algerian	75	40	30	75	40	35
Berber	30	25	10	30	20	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	115	85	30	120	85	35
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	105	50	50	105	55	50
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	10	25	25	0	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	10	10	10	10	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	10	10	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Other African origins	35	20	15	40	20	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	35	20	20	35	20	15
Asian origins	260	110	145	260	110	145
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	125	55	70	120	50	70
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	15	20	35	10	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	30	50	80	30	50
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	30	0	25	30	10	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	10	20	30	10	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	105	55	50	105	55	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	80	35	45	80	35	45
Filipino	10	10	10	10	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	20	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
Owner	11,970	...	...	11,970	...	...
Renter	6,885	...	...	6,880	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	18,855	...	...	18,850	...	...
Condominium	1,095	...	...	1,095	...	...
Not condominium	17,755	...	...	17,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	18,855	...	...	18,850	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	2,775	...	...	2,770	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,685	...	...	5,680	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,080	...	...	6,085	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,245	...	...	4,245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	18,855	...	...	18,850	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,210	...	...	6,210	...	...
5 rooms	3,250	...	...	3,250	...	...
6 rooms	2,030	...	...	2,030	...	...
7 rooms	2,080	...	...	2,080	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,280	...	...	5,280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,800	...	...	18,800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	50	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
Suitable	18,475	...	...	18,480	...	...
Not suitable	375	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	18,850	...	...	18,855	...	...
1960 or before	6,025	...	...	6,030	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,795	...	...	5,795	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,165	...	...	3,165	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,850	...	...	1,850	...	...
2001 to 2005	350	...	...	345	...	...
2006 to 2010	670	...	...	670	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	990	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	18,850	...	...	18,850	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	17,405	...	...	17,405	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,450	...	...	1,450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	18,850	...	...	18,855	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,010	...	...	12,010	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,715	...	...	6,715	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	125	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	18,850	...	...	18,855	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,100	...	...	1,100	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,045	...	...	3,050	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,915	...	...	2,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,510	...	...	3,515	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,030	...	...	4,030	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,635	...	...	2,635	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,250	...	...	1,250	...	...
85 years and over	360	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,785	...	...	18,785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,660	...	...	15,655	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,130	...	...	3,130	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,785	...	...	2,780	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,915	...	...	11,915	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.6	...	...	61.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.6	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	925	...	...	925	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	976	...	...	976	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,762	...	...	229,762	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	238,848	...	...	238,848	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,885	...	...	6,880	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.6	...	...	30.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	627	...	...	627	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	662	...	...	662	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,150	17,165	16,985	34,145	17,160	16,990
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,080	4,365	3,710	8,075	4,365	3,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,890	3,075	3,815	6,890	3,075	3,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,180	9,720	9,460	19,180	9,720	9,455
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,540	4,745	2,790	7,535	4,745	2,790
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,410	3,045	2,365	5,410	3,050	2,365
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,130	1,700	425	2,125	1,695	425
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,385	2,465	2,915	5,380	2,460	2,915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,225	445	775	1,220	450	775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,040	2,065	2,980	5,040	2,065	2,975
Bachelor's degree	3,565	1,395	2,170	3,565	1,390	2,170
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	360	120	240	360	115	240
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	60	65	125	60	65
Master's degree	840	390	445	840	395	445
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	155	100	55	155	105	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,770	11,605	11,165	22,770	11,600	11,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,660	2,135	1,525	3,655	2,135	1,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,870	1,800	2,065	3,870	1,805	2,070
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,245	7,670	7,580	15,245	7,665	7,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,975	3,695	2,280	5,975	3,695	2,280
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,340	2,390	1,950	4,340	2,390	1,955
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,635	1,310	330	1,635	1,310	330
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,010	1,900	2,110	4,010	1,905	2,105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	895	325	565	895	325	565
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,365	1,745	2,625	4,370	1,740	2,625
Bachelor's degree	3,095	1,210	1,885	3,095	1,210	1,885
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	310	90	215	310	90	220
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	55	60	115	55	60
Master's degree	710	300	410	715	300	415
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	85	45	140	90	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,145	17,160	16,990	34,145	17,160	16,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,970	7,440	7,530	14,970	7,445	7,530
Education	1,625	310	1,320	1,625	310	1,320
13. Education	1,625	310	1,315	1,625	310	1,315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	175	260	430	175	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	40	0	50	40	10
50. Visual and performing arts	385	130	250	385	130	250
Humanities	780	370	410	775	370	405
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	15	40	55	15	40
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	510	225	290	515	225	285
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	0	25	25	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	50	10	60	45	10
54. History	35	30	10	35	30	10
55. French language and literature/letters	80	35	45	75	35	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,135	235	905	1,140	235	905
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	30	85	120	30	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	305	15	290	305	15	290
22. Legal professions and studies	125	40	85	125	40	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	30	35	10	35
42. Psychology	340	55	285	340	50	285
45. Social sciences	195	85	110	190	85	105
Business, management and public administration	4,370	1,330	3,045	4,375	1,330	3,045
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	450	90	360	450	90	360
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,915	1,240	2,675	3,915	1,240	2,675
Physical and life sciences and technologies	520	260	250	515	260	255
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	55	90	145	55	90
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	30	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	60	60	120	60	60
40. Physical sciences	195	125	70	195	125	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	25	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	160	120	280	160	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	130	45	185	135	50
25. Library science	70	10	65	75	10	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	25	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,830	5,420	405	5,830	5,425	405
04. Architecture and related services	85	45	40	85	45	40
14. Engineering	560	485	75	555	480	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,695	1,505	180	1,690	1,505	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,220	1,175	45	1,220	1,175	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,400	1,355	40	1,400	1,355	40
48. Precision production	875	860	20	880	855	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	540	370	175	545	370	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	145	80	70	145	80	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	400	295	105	395	295	105
Health and related fields	1,890	305	1,585	1,890	305	1,585
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	45	65	110	45	60
51. Health professions and related programs	1,730	230	1,500	1,730	230	1,500
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	35	20	50	30	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,770	775	995	1,765	780	990
12. Personal and culinary services	1,005	125	880	1,000	125	880
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	295	220	70	290	220	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	475	430	40	475	435	40
Other	10	10	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,770	11,605	11,170	22,770	11,605	11,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,525	3,935	3,590	7,525	3,935	3,590
Education	1,155	200	950	1,150	200	950
13. Education	1,150	205	950	1,150	200	950
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	150	205	360	155	205
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	35	30	0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	120	200	320	120	200
Humanities	480	250	235	480	250	230
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	25	35	15	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	160	145	310	160	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	30	20	10
54. History	25	25	0	20	25	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	20	40	60	20	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	995	205	790	990	205	790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	25	75	105	30	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	250	15	240	255	15	240
22. Legal professions and studies	120	40	80	120	40	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	30	0	30
42. Psychology	295	45	255	290	40	255
45. Social sciences	175	75	100	175	80	100
Business, management and public administration	3,635	1,045	2,590	3,635	1,045	2,590
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	380	70	310	375	70	310
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,250	970	2,275	3,250	975	2,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	335	180	155	335	180	155
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	50	65	115	55	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	15	15	0
40. Physical sciences	170	105	65	170	105	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	20	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	130	110	240	130	115
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	175	125	50	170	125	45
25. Library science	60	0	60	60	0	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,675	4,310	365	4,680	4,310	370
04. Architecture and related services	70	30	40	70	30	40
14. Engineering	535	465	70	535	465	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,365	1,210	150	1,365	1,210	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	930	885	45	925	885	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,130	1,085	40	1,130	1,085	45
48. Precision production	650	635	15	655	635	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	450	300	150	450	300	150
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	65	55	115	65	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	330	235	95	330	230	95
Health and related fields	1,470	260	1,210	1,470	260	1,205
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	60	90	35	55
51. Health professions and related programs	1,320	195	1,130	1,325	195	1,130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	20	50	35	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,450	635	815	1,450	635	820
12. Personal and culinary services	830	100	725	825	105	725
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	225	165	55	220	170	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	400	365	35	395	365	35
Other	10	10	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	10	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,150	17,160	16,985	34,150	17,160	16,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,970	7,440	7,525	14,970	7,440	7,525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,180	9,720	9,460	19,175	9,720	9,460
Location of study inside Canada	18,890	9,550	9,340	18,885	9,555	9,340
Same as province or territory of residence	18,215	9,170	9,040	18,210	9,170	9,040
Different than province or territory of residence	680	380	295	675	385	300
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	290	170	120	290	170	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	10	25	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	10	0	10
France	90	60	25	85	60	30
Other	165	90	75	165	85	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,770	11,605	11,170	22,775	11,605	11,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,525	3,935	3,585	7,525	3,935	3,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,250	7,670	7,580	15,245	7,665	7,575
Location of study inside Canada	15,010	7,525	7,485	15,005	7,525	7,485
Same as province or territory of residence	14,545	7,255	7,290	14,550	7,260	7,290
Different than province or territory of residence	460	265	195	460	265	195
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	145	90	240	145	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	65	50	20	65	50	20
Other	155	90	70	155	85	70
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	34,145	17,160	16,990	34,145	17,160	16,985
In the labour force	22,050	11,700	10,350	22,050	11,705	10,350
Employed	20,370	10,610	9,765	20,370	10,610	9,765
Unemployed	1,680	1,095	590	1,685	1,100	585
Not in the labour force	12,095	5,455	6,635	12,095	5,455	6,640
Participation rate	64.6	68.2	60.9	64.6	68.2	60.9
Employment rate	59.7	61.8	57.5	59.7	61.8	57.5
Unemployment rate	7.6	9.4	5.7	7.6	9.4	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	34,150	17,160	16,990	34,145	17,160	16,990
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,785	4,735	6,050	10,785	4,735	6,050
Worked	23,365	12,425	10,935	23,365	12,430	10,935
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10,670	5,940	4,730	10,670	5,940	4,730
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,695	6,490	6,205	12,695	6,490	6,205
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	41.7	41.6	41.7	41.7	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	22,055	11,705	10,350	22,050	11,700	10,350
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	395	195	205	395	195	205
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	21,655	11,505	10,145	21,650	11,510	10,145
Employee	20,015	10,645	9,375	20,020	10,645	9,370
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,640	865	770	1,640	865	775
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	22,055	11,700	10,345	22,050	11,700	10,350
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	395	195	200	400	195	205
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	21,655	11,510	10,145	21,655	11,510	10,145
0 Management occupations	1,700	1,055	645	1,700	1,055	640
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,215	945	2,275	3,220	950	2,270
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,485	1,165	315	1,485	1,165	315
3 Health occupations	1,260	205	1,055	1,260	205	1,055
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,825	705	2,120	2,825	705	2,120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	410	145	265	410	145	260
6 Sales and service occupations	5,205	2,145	3,065	5,205	2,145	3,060
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,735	3,505	235	3,735	3,505	230
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,280	1,220	60	1,275	1,215	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	550	425	125	550	425	125
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	22,050	11,700	10,350	22,055	11,700	10,350
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	395	195	205	400	195	205
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	21,655	11,510	10,145	21,650	11,510	10,145
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	190	70	255	185	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,420	2,180	240	2,420	2,180	240
22 Utilities	595	445	150	590	445	150
23 Construction	1,740	1,500	245	1,740	1,495	245
31-33 Manufacturing	1,160	895	270	1,165	895	265
41 Wholesale trade	515	400	115	515	405	115
44-45 Retail trade	2,880	1,305	1,575	2,880	1,310	1,575
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	675	505	170	675	505	175
51 Information and cultural industries	215	110	105	215	110	105
52 Finance and insurance	450	115	335	445	110	335
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	280	190	90	275	185	90
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	970	550	420	970	550	420
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	880	465	415	885	470	410
61 Educational services	1,720	470	1,250	1,720	470	1,250
62 Health care and social assistance	2,855	490	2,365	2,855	490	2,360
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	255	85	170	255	85	170
72 Accommodation and food services	1,420	510	910	1,415	505	910
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,065	510	555	1,065	510	555
91 Public administration	1,310	595	710	1,310	600	710
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	20,370	10,610	9,765	20,370	10,610	9,760
Worked at home	945	475	475	950	470	470
Worked outside Canada	45	40	10	45	45	10
No fixed workplace address	1,510	1,210	300	1,515	1,210	300
Worked at usual place	17,870	8,880	8,985	17,865	8,880	8,985
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,865	8,880	8,985	17,865	8,875	8,985
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,100	7,485	8,615	16,100	7,485	8,615
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,620	1,280	345	1,625	1,275	350
Commute to a different province or territory	145	115	25	145	120	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	19,375	10,095	9,285	19,375	10,095	9,285
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,695	8,195	7,500	15,695	8,195	7,505
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,095	525	575	1,095	525	575
Public transit	165	45	120	165	50	120
Walked	1,705	720	985	1,705	720	985
Bicycle	105	75	30	105	75	35
Other method	605	535	70	605	535	75
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	19,380	10,090	9,285	19,375	10,090	9,285
Less than 15 minutes	10,335	4,900	5,435	10,330	4,895	5,435
15 to 29 minutes	5,430	2,640	2,795	5,430	2,635	2,790
30 to 44 minutes	1,905	1,200	705	1,905	1,200	705
45 to 59 minutes	595	445	155	600	445	155
60 minutes and over	1,115	910	200	1,115	910	205
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	19,375	10,095	9,285	19,380	10,095	9,285
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,475	1,270	200	1,470	1,270	205
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,785	2,000	785	2,785	1,995	790
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,460	3,120	3,345	6,465	3,115	3,345
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,245	1,520	2,725	4,245	1,520	2,725
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,635	600	1,035	1,635	600	1,030
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,780	1,590	1,190	2,780	1,590	1,190
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	23,970	12,740	11,235	23,975	12,740	11,230
Single responses	23,490	12,410	11,080	23,490	12,410	11,080
Official languages	23,490	12,410	11,080	23,490	12,410	11,080
English	460	295	170	465	295	170
French	23,025	12,115	10,910	23,025	12,115	10,910
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	485	330	150	485	335	150
English and French	460	320	140	460	320	140
English and non-official language	10	10	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	23,975	12,745	11,230	23,970	12,745	11,235
None	19,300	9,980	9,315	19,300	9,985	9,315
English	4,320	2,530	1,795	4,320	2,525	1,795
French	315	210	105	320	210	105
Non-official language	25	20	10	30	15	10
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	0	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	10	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	40,710	20,500	20,210	40,710	20,505	20,210
Non-movers	35,335	17,860	17,485	35,340	17,860	17,480
Movers	5,370	2,645	2,730	5,370	2,640	2,730
Non-migrants	4,290	2,105	2,190	4,290	2,100	2,190
Migrants	1,080	540	540	1,080	545	540
Internal migrants	1,005	500	505	1,005	495	505
Intraprovincial migrants	935	445	490	930	445	490
Interprovincial migrants	70	55	20	70	55	15
External migrants	75	45	35	75	45	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	38,735	19,515	19,220	38,735	19,520	19,215
Non-movers	24,855	12,550	12,305	24,855	12,550	12,300
Movers	13,880	6,965	6,915	13,880	6,970	6,915
Non-migrants	10,195	5,085	5,110	10,195	5,090	5,110
Migrants	3,685	1,880	1,810	3,685	1,880	1,805
Internal migrants	3,365	1,720	1,645	3,365	1,720	1,645
Intraprovincial migrants	3,145	1,595	1,550	3,145	1,595	1,555
Interprovincial migrants	225	130	90	220	125	95
External migrants	320	160	160	320	155	160

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Rouyn-Noranda, TÉ [Census division], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Census agglomeration], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rouyn-Noranda, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Census agglomeration], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Rouyn-Noranda, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Census agglomeration], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rouyn-Noranda, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec and Rouyn-Noranda [Census agglomeration], Quebec