Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rouyn-Noranda, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 18, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Rouyn-Noranda, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Division No. 18, CDR Manitoba [Census division]
	Data quality , Rouyn-Noranda, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Rouyn-Noranda, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 18, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,334	...	...	24,036	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	41,012	...	...	23,469	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	20,568	...	...	15,528	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18,851	...	...	10,038	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,009.86	...	...	11,331.94	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,335	21,165	21,165	24,035	12,030	12,005
0 to 14 years	7,045	3,610	3,430	4,270	2,250	2,030
0 to 4 years	2,445	1,245	1,200	1,440	740	700
5 to 9 years	2,485	1,255	1,230	1,435	750	685
10 to 14 years	2,115	1,105	1,010	1,395	755	640
15 to 64 years	28,045	14,255	13,790	14,085	7,000	7,090
15 to 19 years	2,415	1,205	1,210	1,410	740	670
20 to 24 years	2,740	1,375	1,365	1,180	620	565
25 to 29 years	2,785	1,475	1,310	1,120	550	565
30 to 34 years	2,675	1,400	1,280	1,040	490	545
35 to 39 years	2,565	1,325	1,240	985	500	490
40 to 44 years	2,390	1,190	1,195	1,200	600	600
45 to 49 years	2,570	1,260	1,310	1,315	625	690
50 to 54 years	3,325	1,695	1,630	1,795	905	895
55 to 59 years	3,570	1,800	1,770	1,950	925	1,020
60 to 64 years	3,010	1,520	1,485	2,105	1,040	1,055
65 years and over	7,245	3,295	3,945	5,670	2,790	2,885
65 to 69 years	2,410	1,195	1,210	1,910	955	950
70 to 74 years	1,770	880	890	1,425	740	690
75 to 79 years	1,255	550	705	970	480	490
80 to 84 years	930	375	555	720	355	365
85 years and over	880	300	580	645	260	390
85 to 89 years	575	205	365	395	175	220
90 to 94 years	260	85	175	185	65	120
95 to 99 years	40	10	30	60	20	40
100 years and over	5	0	5	15	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.1	16.2	17.8	18.7	16.9
15 to 64 years	66.2	67.4	65.2	58.6	58.2	59.1
65 years and over	17.1	15.6	18.6	23.6	23.2	24.0
85 years and over	2.1	1.4	2.7	2.7	2.2	3.2
Average age of the population	41.3	40.5	42.1	44.1	43.4	44.8
Median age of the population	41.9	40.8	43.2	48.1	47.1	49.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	18,855	...	...	10,035	...	...
Single-detached house	10,025	...	...	8,470	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	60	...	...	45	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,540	...	...	970	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,110	...	...	245	...	...
Row house	120	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,665	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,495	...	...	555	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	230	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	18,850	...	...	10,035	...	...
1 person	6,385	...	...	2,965	...	...
2 persons	7,010	...	...	4,100	...	...
3 persons	2,410	...	...	1,190	...	...
4 persons	2,070	...	...	900	...	...
5 or more persons	980	...	...	885	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,165	...	...	23,505	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	35,290	17,555	17,735	19,765	9,790	9,975
Married or living common law	20,850	10,405	10,445	12,270	6,140	6,135
Married	10,275	5,120	5,160	10,305	5,155	5,150
Living common law	10,575	5,285	5,290	1,970	980	985
Not married and not living common law	14,440	7,150	7,290	7,490	3,650	3,840
Never married	9,765	5,480	4,290	4,405	2,520	1,885
Separated	470	215	255	500	255	245
Divorced	2,170	995	1,175	1,035	520	510
Widowed	2,035	460	1,580	1,550	355	1,195
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	11,965	...	...	7,035	...	...
2 persons	6,825	...	...	4,290	...	...
3 persons	2,290	...	...	1,225	...	...
4 persons	1,970	...	...	860	...	...
5 or more persons	875	...	...	670	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	11,965	...	...	7,040	...	...
Total couple families	10,220	...	...	6,000	...	...
Married couples	4,935	...	...	5,020	...	...
Common-law couples	5,285	...	...	985	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,745	...	...	1,035	...	...
Female parent	1,150	...	...	790	...	...
Male parent	595	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,220	...	...	6,005	...	...
Couples without children	5,765	...	...	3,715	...	...
Couples with children	4,455	...	...	2,290	...	...
1 child	1,750	...	...	925	...	...
2 children	1,855	...	...	765	...	...
3 or more children	845	...	...	605	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,750	...	...	1,035	...	...
1 child	1,060	...	...	580	...	...
2 children	540	...	...	300	...	...
3 or more children	145	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,105	4,235	3,875	4,015	2,015	2,005
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	18,855	...	...	10,040	...	...
One-census-family households	11,785	...	...	6,720	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,685	...	...	3,630	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,100	...	...	3,095	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	90	...	...	155	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,975	...	...	3,160	...	...
One-person households	6,380	...	...	2,965	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	595	...	...	200	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	42,090	21,060	21,020	23,780	11,920	11,860
English only	110	50	65	22,640	11,390	11,250
French only	27,905	13,010	14,895	20	10	5
English and French	14,050	7,995	6,060	1,025	475	555
Neither English nor French	20	15	5	100	50	50
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	42,085	21,060	21,025	23,780	11,920	11,860
English	885	430	455	23,160	11,620	11,540
French	41,035	20,550	20,480	500	240	260
English and French	155	75	75	25	10	10
Neither English nor French	20	10	5	95	45	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	960	465	500	520	250	265
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.2	2.4	2.2	2.1	2.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	42,085	21,065	21,020	23,780	11,920	11,860
Single responses	41,700	20,860	20,840	23,470	11,785	11,685
Official languages	41,165	20,575	20,590	19,875	9,995	9,880
English	810	390	420	19,315	9,730	9,585
French	40,355	20,185	20,175	555	265	295
Non-official languages	535	285	245	3,595	1,790	1,810
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	695	330	360
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	680	325	355
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	5	35	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	5	30	15	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	650	315	335
Algonquin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	650	310	335
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	505	275	230	2,900	1,460	1,445
Afro-Asiatic languages	185	110	80	25	15	15
Berber languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	95	70	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	170	100	70	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	110	50	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	105	45	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	100	100	2,625	1,315	1,310
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	15	670	325	350
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	20	670	325	350
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	65	35	30
Russian	5	5	5	70	35	35
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	520	240	275
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	1,795	905	890
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	5	0	5	10	5	5
Dutch	5	5	0	60	35	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	1,465	730	735
Icelandic	0	0	0	230	120	115
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Greek	5	5	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	20	20	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	10	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	60	65	115	60	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	20	15	10
Portuguese	10	10	5	45	20	20
Romanian	20	10	10	5	0	5
Spanish	85	35	50	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	30	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5	0	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	15	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	40	15	20
Chinese languages	15	10	5	45	20	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	385	200	185	310	135	170
English and French	290	150	145	45	15	30
English and non-official language	10	5	5	245	110	135
French and non-official language	75	45	35	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	10	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	42,090	21,065	21,020	23,780	11,920	11,860
Single responses	41,695	20,880	20,815	23,255	11,685	11,570
Official languages	41,525	20,785	20,740	22,055	11,075	10,980
English	530	270	260	21,915	11,020	10,895
French	41,000	20,520	20,480	145	60	80
Non-official languages	170	90	75	1,195	605	590
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	305	155	155
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	300	155	150
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	295	150	145
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	295	150	150
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	90	75	890	450	440
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	25	20	10	10
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	40	25	20	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	40	25	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	35	750	380	370
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	95	45	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	95	50	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Russian	5	0	5	50	30	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	595	295	300
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	560	280	280
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	5	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	15	10	5
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	5
Spanish	35	15	25	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	10	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	30	15	20
Chinese languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	20	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	185	210	530	235	290
English and French	235	110	125	50	20	30
English and non-official language	5	5	0	470	210	255
French and non-official language	130	65	70	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	42,085	21,065	21,025	23,780	11,920	11,860
None	39,455	19,650	19,800	21,780	10,920	10,865
English	1,945	1,055	890	685	335	345
French	355	185	170	180	95	85
Non-official language	275	140	130	1,115	560	555
Aboriginal	10	10	5	255	125	130
Non-Aboriginal	260	135	130	855	430	425
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	20	15	5	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	34,150	17,165	16,990	19,295	9,580	9,715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,260	16,805	16,455	18,550	9,235	9,320
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,363	44,116	27,826	28,009	34,148	23,543
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,275	16,810	16,465	18,550	9,235	9,320
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,150	37,684	25,264	25,803	30,881	22,223
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,725	15,415	14,315	16,215	8,310	7,905
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,024	41,546	24,875	24,745	30,600	19,735
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,510	11,405	13,100	14,690	6,960	7,740
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,043	7,885	8,157	8,386	8,337	8,419
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,975	13,390	11,590	12,680	6,750	5,930
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,786	43,380	26,106	25,199	30,028	21,530
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	34,150	17,160	16,990	19,290	9,635	9,660
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,250	16,780	16,475	18,500	9,275	9,220
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,512	56,347	34,474	36,592	42,528	30,620
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,255	16,780	16,475	18,495	9,275	9,220
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,890	42,318	29,344	31,003	35,376	26,604
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,620	15,375	14,255	16,210	8,380	7,830
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,440	54,620	31,381	33,813	39,896	27,298
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,410	11,310	13,100	14,600	6,985	7,620
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,280	9,362	9,209	8,820	8,611	9,012
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,975	13,430	11,545	12,680	6,875	5,805
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,801	53,839	32,120	34,256	39,211	28,384
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	34,150	17,160	16,990	19,295	9,635	9,660
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	10,485	5,855	4,630	5,450	3,170	2,280
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,775	60,248	40,585	42,809	46,886	39,453
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,920	70,677	46,325	49,037	53,206	43,230
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.9	88.5	79.1	80.7	84.7	75.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.0	75.8	66.0	64.0	67.5	59.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.1	11.5	21.0	19.2	15.3	24.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	34,145	17,165	16,985	19,295	9,580	9,710
Without total income	885	355	535	745	350	395
With total income	33,265	16,805	16,455	18,550	9,230	9,315
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.9	96.9	96.1	96.3	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,710	1,400	2,310	2,920	1,280	1,640
$10,000 to $19,999	5,850	2,195	3,660	3,740	1,505	2,230
$20,000 to $29,999	4,830	2,060	2,770	3,140	1,355	1,780
$30,000 to $39,999	4,115	1,915	2,200	2,355	1,090	1,265
$40,000 to $49,999	3,835	1,885	1,950	1,965	1,055	905
$50,000 to $59,999	2,780	1,505	1,275	1,310	825	490
$60,000 to $69,999	2,050	1,315	735	925	605	320
$70,000 to $79,999	1,560	970	590	625	425	205
$80,000 to $89,999	1,160	785	380	505	305	200
$90,000 to $99,999	825	660	170	320	210	110
$100,000 and over	2,550	2,125	430	745	575	165
$100,000 to $149,999	1,945	1,630	315	550	420	135
$150,000 and over	605	495	115	200	160	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,150	17,160	16,985	19,290	9,580	9,710
Without after-tax income	875	355	520	740	350	395
With after-tax income	33,270	16,805	16,465	18,550	9,230	9,320
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.9	96.9	96.2	96.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,840	1,445	2,395	3,050	1,315	1,735
$10,000 to $19,999	6,195	2,340	3,850	3,965	1,605	2,360
$20,000 to $29,999	5,945	2,610	3,335	3,635	1,600	2,035
$30,000 to $39,999	5,420	2,630	2,790	2,855	1,410	1,445
$40,000 to $49,999	4,145	2,280	1,860	1,885	1,170	715
$50,000 to $59,999	2,650	1,650	995	1,240	825	415
$60,000 to $69,999	1,880	1,260	620	815	510	300
$70,000 to $79,999	1,205	960	245	455	300	155
$80,000 and over	1,995	1,635	360	650	495	150
$80,000 to $89,999	750	615	135	235	175	60
$90,000 to $99,999	445	380	65	140	100	35
$100,000 and over	795	635	160	275	220	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	34,150	17,160	16,990	19,295	9,580	9,715
Without employment income	9,175	3,775	5,400	6,615	2,830	3,780
With employment income	24,980	13,390	11,590	12,680	6,750	5,930
Percentage with employment income	73.1	78.0	68.2	65.7	70.5	61.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,175	1,620	1,560	2,320	1,190	1,135
$5,000 to $9,999	1,935	795	1,140	1,190	530	650
$10,000 to $19,999	3,365	1,355	2,015	1,915	885	1,030
$20,000 to $29,999	2,945	1,260	1,685	1,645	765	880
$30,000 to $39,999	2,825	1,260	1,570	1,385	655	725
$40,000 to $49,999	2,500	1,240	1,255	1,165	665	500
$50,000 to $59,999	1,830	1,085	740	830	535	295
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	955	465	605	390	215
$70,000 to $79,999	1,250	765	485	460	305	160
$80,000 and over	3,725	3,060	660	1,180	840	340
$80,000 to $89,999	875	650	225	380	225	160
$90,000 to $99,999	715	585	135	240	165	70
$100,000 and over	2,135	1,830	305	555	445	105
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,994	...	...	54,491	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,020	...	...	48,973	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,380	...	...	2,965	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,737	...	...	28,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,731	...	...	26,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,470	...	...	7,070	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,561	...	...	67,305	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,732	...	...	59,989	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	18,855	...	...	10,035	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,278	...	...	67,428	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,315	...	...	57,130	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,380	...	...	2,975	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,004	...	...	35,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,657	...	...	30,582	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,470	...	...	7,065	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,380	...	...	80,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,495	...	...	68,301	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	240	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	650	...	...	265	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,035	...	...	610	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	965	...	...	570	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	800	...	...	545	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	990	...	...	625	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	965	...	...	540	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	885	...	...	530	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	790	...	...	485	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,505	...	...	915	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,240	...	...	815	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	...	...	650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,030	...	...	595	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	950	...	...	490	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,415	...	...	1,975	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,925	...	...	870	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,435	...	...	460	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,345	...	...	425	...	...
$200,000 and over	715	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
Under $5,000	195	...	...	255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	655	...	...	270	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,090	...	...	620	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,090	...	...	645	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	995	...	...	660	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,180	...	...	690	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,185	...	...	635	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,045	...	...	660	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,005	...	...	500	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,655	...	...	1,090	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,520	...	...	930	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	...	...	725	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,175	...	...	555	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,030	...	...	435	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,370	...	...	1,170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,745	...	...	630	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	845	...	...	280	...	...
$150,000 and over	780	...	...	265	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	11,995	...	...	6,970	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,368	...	...	67,095	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,328	...	...	59,874	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,610	...	...	3,545	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,061	...	...	65,166	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,339	...	...	57,828	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,475	...	...	2,315	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,771	...	...	86,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,656	...	...	75,776	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...	915	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,968	...	...	39,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,771	...	...	38,592	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,000	...	...	6,940	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,319	...	...	80,660	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,988	...	...	68,148	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,580	...	...	3,515	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,586	...	...	75,816	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,392	...	...	63,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,455	...	...	2,315	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,035	...	...	100,005	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,094	...	...	83,608	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	915	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,664	...	...	49,145	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,083	...	...	44,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,630	4,005	3,625	3,300	1,655	1,645
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,655	33,103	24,532	27,392	29,901	26,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,200	29,264	23,303	25,696	26,816	24,832
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,630	3,990	3,645	3,340	1,720	1,630
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,964	44,927	32,438	34,903	35,648	34,116
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,181	36,074	27,921	29,974	30,156	29,781
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,165	20,755	20,405	23,505	11,790	11,715
In the bottom half of the distribution	21,095	10,290	10,805	15,520	7,625	7,895
In the bottom decile	3,155	1,530	1,625	3,785	1,935	1,850
In the second decile	4,265	1,910	2,355	3,645	1,705	1,940
In the third decile	4,435	2,190	2,240	3,055	1,430	1,620
In the fourth decile	4,735	2,350	2,385	2,610	1,325	1,285
In the fifth decile	4,510	2,315	2,195	2,435	1,235	1,200
In the top half of the distribution	20,070	10,465	9,605	7,980	4,160	3,820
In the sixth decile	4,755	2,440	2,315	2,100	1,085	1,015
In the seventh decile	4,795	2,475	2,320	1,910	975	935
In the eighth decile	4,340	2,260	2,080	1,710	895	815
In the ninth decile	3,750	2,005	1,745	1,345	715	630
In the top decile	2,430	1,295	1,140	925	500	425
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	41,165	20,755	20,410	21,175	10,605	10,565
0 to 17 years	8,370	4,265	4,105	4,150	2,145	2,010
0 to 5 years	2,925	1,485	1,435	1,320	670	650
18 to 64 years	26,525	13,495	13,035	11,755	5,850	5,905
65 years and over	6,265	2,995	3,270	5,265	2,620	2,650
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,235	2,400	2,840	4,285	2,085	2,195
0 to 17 years	815	420	395	1,215	640	575
0 to 5 years	290	140	150	455	235	220
18 to 64 years	3,050	1,475	1,575	1,980	980	1,005
65 years and over	1,375	495	870	1,080	465	620
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.7	11.6	13.9	20.2	19.7	20.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.7	9.8	9.6	29.3	29.8	28.6
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	9.4	10.5	34.5	35.1	33.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.9	12.1	16.8	16.8	17.0
65 years and over (%)	21.9	16.5	26.6	20.5	17.7	23.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,065	1,060	1,005	1,290	700	590
0 to 17 years	280	155	120	395	215	185
0 to 5 years	90	50	40	145	75	65
18 to 64 years	1,695	865	830	805	440	360
65 years and over	85	40	50	90	50	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.1	4.9	6.1	6.6	5.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.6	2.9	9.5	10.0	9.2
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.4	2.8	11.0	11.2	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.4	6.4	6.8	7.5	6.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,165	20,760	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,715
Official languages	41,150	20,750	20,405	23,345	11,725	11,620
English	14,010	7,990	6,020	23,335	11,720	11,620
French	41,040	20,695	20,345	1,055	505	555
Non-official languages	1,640	835	810	3,875	1,940	1,930
Aboriginal languages	70	40	25	845	400	445
Algonquian languages	60	35	20	800	385	420
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	45	30	15	60	10	50
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	30	15	55	10	40
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	25	0	750	375	375
Algonquin	25	25	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	745	375	370
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	30	10	15
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,570	790	780	3,025	1,545	1,485
Afro-Asiatic languages	305	160	145	45	35	10
Berber languages	35	25	10	10	0	0
Kabyle	20	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	295	150	140	45	30	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Arabic	295	155	140	30	20	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	70	35	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	65	30	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	10	30	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	10	25	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	0	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,060	530	525	2,765	1,405	1,360
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	50	20	790	415	370
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	40	20	790	420	370
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10	85	55	35
Russian	30	20	10	145	70	70
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	605	315	285
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	60	45	1,855	925	935
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dutch	15	10	0	75	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	50	35	1,360	690	675
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	135	135
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	75	65
Greek	0	0	10	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	915	450	460	205	130	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	35	50	0	10	0
Portuguese	50	20	20	45	20	25
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	840	415	420	155	100	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	100	50	55	10	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	10	0	0	10
Wolof	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	35	35	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	20	30	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	20	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	30	10	20	15	10
Chinese languages	40	35	10	20	15	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	25	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	41,165	20,760	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,715
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	40,760	20,535	20,225	22,840	11,445	11,390
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,300	4,250	4,045	4,975	2,555	2,420
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,465	16,285	16,175	17,870	8,890	8,970
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	410	225	180	665	345	320
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	41,165	20,755	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	40,245	20,290	19,950	21,860	10,990	10,870
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	765	370	395	1,565	755	810
Before 1981	160	90	75	665	310	355
1981 to 1990	55	20	30	135	55	80
1991 to 2000	90	40	45	190	95	95
2001 to 2010	235	105	125	335	170	160
2001 to 2005	75	35	40	115	60	55
2006 to 2010	155	75	85	220	110	105
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	230	110	120	240	125	115
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	160	100	65	80	45	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	760	370	390	1,560	755	805
Under 5 years	145	60	80	210	115	95
5 to 14 years	120	45	75	345	185	165
15 to 24 years	130	45	85	445	195	245
25 to 44 years	350	200	150	455	210	240
45 years and over	20	10	0	115	50	65
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	765	365	395	1,565	755	810
Americas	110	50	60	560	270	285
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	40	15	25	25	10	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	20	180	80	105
Peru	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	20	10	135	50	85
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	215	135	80
Europe	265	145	120	785	375	410
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	130	70	60	10	0	10
Germany	30	15	15	170	90	85
Greece	10	0	10	0	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	20	15	10	10	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	75	40	30
Poland	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	40	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	265	120	140
Other places of birth in Europe	40	25	10	110	60	50
Africa	280	140	135	35	20	15
Algeria	50	30	20	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	70	30	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	160	80	85	10	10	0
Asia	100	35	65	180	80	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	0	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	30	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	50	20	30	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	55	20	35
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	30	10	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	230	110	120	240	125	110
Americas	20	15	10	40	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	20	0
Europe	60	25	30	80	35	40
France	30	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	10	10	0	25	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	15	20	15	10
Africa	145	65	75	10	0	0
Algeria	35	20	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	20	15	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	0	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	115	55	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,165	20,760	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,715
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	960	480	480	1,765	860	905
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,075	515	560	3,280	1,625	1,655
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	39,130	19,760	19,370	18,465	9,310	9,155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	610	290	320	915	450	465
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	335	180	155	460	270	190
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	170	130	40	170	130	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	165	50	115	285	135	150
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	240	90	150	375	130	245
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	30	15	15	70	40	30
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,165	20,760	20,405	23,505	11,790	11,715
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,065	590	475	6,630	3,290	3,340
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,005	555	460	6,530	3,250	3,280
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	380	195	185	3,605	1,765	1,840
Métis	615	350	265	2,895	1,475	1,425
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	10	30	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	25	0	45	15	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	15	15	60	30	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,100	20,170	19,935	16,870	8,500	8,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,170	20,755	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,715
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	390	205	180	3,525	1,735	1,790
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,780	20,555	20,225	19,975	10,055	9,925
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,165	20,760	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,715
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	670	335	330	3,155	1,550	1,605
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	655	330	330	3,125	1,530	1,595
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	565	295	275	2,630	1,295	1,330
Métis single ancestry	80	35	40	495	230	260
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,970	1,035	935	3,385	1,705	1,680
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,895	985	910	3,205	1,620	1,595
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,550	800	750	1,185	600	585
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	315	175	145	1,995	1,000	995
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	25	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	45	30	175	90	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	45	30	180	95	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	38,530	19,385	19,145	16,960	8,525	8,435
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,170	20,760	20,405	23,505	11,790	11,715
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	800	370	435	400	195	205
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	15	65	30	35
Chinese	65	25	35	25	15	10
Black	370	175	195	65	20	45
Filipino	10	0	0	85	40	45
Latin American	55	10	45	25	10	20
Arab	260	135	120	30	15	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	0	30	25	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,365	20,385	19,975	23,105	11,595	11,510
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,170	20,755	20,410	23,505	11,790	11,715
North American Aboriginal origins	2,635	1,370	1,270	6,545	3,260	3,280
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,205	1,145	1,060	4,020	2,010	2,010
Inuit	30	15	15	35	15	20
Métis	490	265	225	2,695	1,350	1,345
Other North American origins	32,230	16,185	16,045	4,330	2,110	2,225
Acadian	200	95	105	10	0	10
American	240	120	120	115	65	50
Canadian	31,210	15,625	15,585	4,260	2,065	2,190
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	925	505	415	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	13,630	6,955	6,675	18,050	9,095	8,960
British Isles origins	3,290	1,590	1,700	8,190	4,000	4,195
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	620	290	330	4,940	2,315	2,630
Irish	2,350	1,130	1,220	2,755	1,340	1,420
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	770	395	375	3,855	1,860	1,990
Welsh	10	0	0	295	155	135
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	85	40	45	210	105	100
French origins	10,770	5,590	5,185	2,325	1,065	1,260
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Breton	175	100	75	0	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,690	5,550	5,135	2,320	1,065	1,255
Western European origins (except French origins)	845	365	485	5,850	2,880	2,975
Austrian	15	15	10	230	115	115
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	185	90	95	265	100	165
Dutch	45	15	30	1,225	600	625
Flemish	10	10	0	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	585	250	340	4,545	2,255	2,285
Luxembourger	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	20	10	20	150	85	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	115	50	65	4,920	2,530	2,390
Danish	10	10	0	195	120	70
Finnish	50	30	20	35	25	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	3,865	2,020	1,845
Norwegian	30	10	25	505	220	285
Swedish	10	10	0	735	360	380
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	50	35	15
Eastern European origins	545	280	265	6,680	3,405	3,275
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	115	55	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	0	10	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	295	170	130
Latvian	10	0	0	15	15	10
Lithuanian	10	0	10	15	0	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	245	145	95	2,360	1,160	1,200
Romanian	20	10	10	160	55	105
Russian	50	25	25	900	465	440
Slovak	15	20	0	30	25	10
Ukrainian	145	60	80	4,730	2,450	2,275
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	630	360	270	385	200	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	20	25	10	15
Italian	395	240	155	155	80	75
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	35	30	110	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	65	25	35	60	35	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	35	10	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	60	40	75	35	45
Basque	30	25	10	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	60	25	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	30	35	20	10	0
Caribbean origins	130	50	80	65	15	50
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	115	45	70	20	0	15
Jamaican	0	10	0	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	110	45	65	260	140	125
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	30	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	35	10	20	155	80	75
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Peruvian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	585	330	255	60	35	25
Central and West African origins	205	110	95	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	20	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	10	35	0	0	0
North African origins	320	195	125	0	10	0
Algerian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Berber	30	20	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	120	85	35	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisian	105	55	50	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	0	20	40	20	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	35	20	15	20	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	20	15	15	10	10
Asian origins	255	115	145	360	185	180
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	120	55	70	130	55	75
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	30	50	50	35	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	75	15	55
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	30	0	25	85	45	40
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	10	25	80	40	40
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	105	50	55	155	85	65
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	35	45	30	20	15
Filipino	10	0	10	100	50	50
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
Owner	11,970	...	...	7,955	...	...
Renter	6,885	...	...	1,490	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
Condominium	1,095	...	...	565	...	...
Not condominium	17,755	...	...	9,470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	2,775	...	...	755	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,685	...	...	2,600	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,085	...	...	4,340	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,245	...	...	2,315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,210	...	...	1,915	...	...
5 rooms	3,245	...	...	2,355	...	...
6 rooms	2,030	...	...	2,170	...	...
7 rooms	2,085	...	...	1,405	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,275	...	...	2,190	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	18,850	...	...	10,035	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,805	...	...	9,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	50	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
Suitable	18,475	...	...	9,645	...	...
Not suitable	375	...	...	395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	18,850	...	...	10,035	...	...
1960 or before	6,025	...	...	2,535	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,795	...	...	3,035	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,170	...	...	1,600	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,850	...	...	1,215	...	...
2001 to 2005	350	...	...	570	...	...
2006 to 2010	675	...	...	590	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	990	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	18,850	...	...	10,035	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	17,400	...	...	8,810	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,445	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,010	...	...	6,715	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,715	...	...	3,260	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	125	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	18,850	...	...	10,040	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,100	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,045	...	...	1,015	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,920	...	...	1,145	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,510	...	...	1,695	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,030	...	...	2,275	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,635	...	...	2,025	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,245	...	...	1,205	...	...
85 years and over	360	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,785	...	...	8,550	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,655	...	...	7,250	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,130	...	...	1,300	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,785	...	...	1,125	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,915	...	...	7,110	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.6	...	...	47.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.6	...	...	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	925	...	...	542	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	976	...	...	730	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,762	...	...	179,681	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	238,848	...	...	209,171	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,885	...	...	1,465	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.3	...	...	25.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.5	...	...	33.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	627	...	...	649	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	662	...	...	676	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,150	17,160	16,990	19,295	9,630	9,660
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,080	4,365	3,715	6,175	3,425	2,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,890	3,075	3,815	5,535	2,630	2,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,180	9,720	9,460	7,575	3,580	4,000
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,535	4,745	2,790	1,905	1,320	580
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,410	3,050	2,365	860	470	395
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,130	1,700	425	1,050	855	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,380	2,465	2,920	3,100	1,150	1,950
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,225	450	770	715	300	420
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,040	2,065	2,980	1,860	805	1,055
Bachelor's degree	3,565	1,395	2,170	1,330	545	790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	355	120	240	185	75	110
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	60	65	70	35	30
Master's degree	835	390	445	245	130	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	160	105	50	30	20	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,770	11,605	11,165	11,410	5,610	5,800
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,655	2,135	1,520	2,735	1,650	1,085
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,870	1,805	2,070	3,535	1,695	1,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,245	7,665	7,575	5,145	2,270	2,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,975	3,695	2,280	1,200	835	370
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,340	2,390	1,950	560	300	260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,635	1,310	325	640	530	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,010	1,900	2,105	2,250	760	1,490
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	895	325	570	455	190	270
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,365	1,740	2,625	1,240	485	755
Bachelor's degree	3,095	1,210	1,885	935	370	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	310	90	220	85	20	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	55	60	55	35	25
Master's degree	715	300	410	150	60	90
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	90	45	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,145	17,160	16,990	19,295	9,635	9,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,970	7,440	7,530	11,715	6,055	5,660
Education	1,625	310	1,315	955	230	730
13. Education	1,625	310	1,320	955	225	730
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	170	260	135	65	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	10	20	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	385	130	250	110	40	70
Humanities	775	370	405	305	160	150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	15	40	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	515	220	290	60	20	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	25	0	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	45	15	110	60	50
54. History	40	30	10	60	50	10
55. French language and literature/letters	75	30	45	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,140	235	905	410	125	285
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	15	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	30	85	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	310	15	290	150	10	140
22. Legal professions and studies	125	40	85	75	20	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	35	10	10	0
42. Psychology	335	55	285	65	20	45
45. Social sciences	190	85	110	105	65	40
Business, management and public administration	4,370	1,330	3,045	1,225	335	890
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	85	365	120	30	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,915	1,240	2,675	1,100	305	800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	515	265	255	135	70	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	55	90	35	20	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	10	45	20	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	60	60	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	200	120	75	35	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	160	115	110	55	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	185	130	45	70	35	35
25. Library science	75	10	65	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	20	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,825	5,425	405	1,930	1,840	90
04. Architecture and related services	80	45	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	560	485	75	130	125	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,690	1,510	185	280	235	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,220	1,175	45	555	555	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,400	1,355	45	740	735	10
48. Precision production	880	855	20	225	185	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	375	175	375	305	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	145	80	65	315	260	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	400	295	100	60	50	15
Health and related fields	1,890	305	1,585	1,415	150	1,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	45	60	50	15	30
51. Health professions and related programs	1,730	225	1,500	1,360	135	1,230
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	25	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,765	775	995	580	245	330
12. Personal and culinary services	1,005	120	880	355	55	295
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	290	220	70	85	65	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	475	430	40	120	115	10
Other	10	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,770	11,605	11,165	11,410	5,610	5,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,525	3,935	3,590	6,265	3,350	2,920
Education	1,150	200	950	535	95	435
13. Education	1,150	205	945	530	100	435
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	150	205	90	40	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	30	10	20	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	320	120	200	70	20	45
Humanities	485	245	230	205	95	110
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	15	25	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	25	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	160	150	35	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	25	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	70	35	30
54. History	25	20	0	35	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	60	20	40	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	995	205	790	280	60	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	25	80	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	255	15	240	95	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	120	40	80	65	15	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	290	40	250	45	15	30
45. Social sciences	175	75	100	55	20	35
Business, management and public administration	3,635	1,045	2,590	865	215	645
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	380	70	310	85	15	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,245	970	2,280	770	200	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	180	155	85	40	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	55	65	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	35	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	15	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	105	65	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	240	130	110	85	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	125	50	55	25	30
25. Library science	60	0	65	20	10	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,675	4,305	365	1,260	1,210	50
04. Architecture and related services	70	30	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	535	460	70	85	85	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,365	1,210	155	185	165	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	925	885	45	375	370	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,125	1,085	45	465	460	10
48. Precision production	650	635	15	150	135	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	450	295	150	265	205	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	65	55	220	170	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	330	230	100	45	30	15
Health and related fields	1,470	255	1,210	1,095	125	975
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	55	40	15	30
51. Health professions and related programs	1,325	195	1,130	1,055	105	950
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	25	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,450	630	815	390	150	235
12. Personal and culinary services	830	100	725	245	35	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	220	170	55	60	40	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	400	365	40	85	75	10
Other	10	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,150	17,160	16,985	19,295	9,635	9,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,970	7,445	7,525	11,710	6,050	5,660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,180	9,720	9,460	7,580	3,580	4,000
Location of study inside Canada	18,890	9,555	9,335	7,065	3,310	3,760
Same as province or territory of residence	18,210	9,170	9,040	6,030	2,750	3,280
Different than province or territory of residence	680	380	295	1,035	555	480
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	290	170	120	510	270	240
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	15	140	80	60
Philippines	0	0	0	45	15	25
India	0	0	0	35	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	80	45	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	0	0	0
France	85	60	25	10	0	0
Other	165	90	75	205	110	95
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,770	11,600	11,165	11,415	5,610	5,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,525	3,935	3,590	6,265	3,350	2,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,250	7,665	7,580	5,145	2,265	2,880
Location of study inside Canada	15,010	7,520	7,485	4,830	2,120	2,710
Same as province or territory of residence	14,545	7,255	7,290	4,145	1,775	2,365
Different than province or territory of residence	460	265	195	690	345	345
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	145	90	315	145	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	75	35	40
Philippines	0	0	0	45	20	20
India	0	0	0	30	0	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	40	15	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	65	45	20	0	0	0
Other	160	90	70	130	65	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	34,150	17,160	16,990	19,295	9,635	9,660
In the labour force	22,055	11,705	10,345	10,895	5,990	4,900
Employed	20,370	10,610	9,765	9,990	5,360	4,630
Unemployed	1,680	1,095	585	900	625	270
Not in the labour force	12,100	5,460	6,640	8,400	3,645	4,760
Participation rate	64.6	68.2	60.9	56.5	62.2	50.7
Employment rate	59.6	61.8	57.5	51.8	55.6	47.9
Unemployment rate	7.6	9.4	5.7	8.3	10.4	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	34,145	17,160	16,985	19,295	9,630	9,660
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,785	4,730	6,050	7,405	3,130	4,280
Worked	23,365	12,425	10,935	11,890	6,505	5,380
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10,670	5,935	4,730	5,740	3,340	2,405
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,695	6,490	6,205	6,145	3,165	2,980
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	41.7	41.6	41.4	41.3	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	22,050	11,705	10,350	10,890	5,995	4,900
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	395	195	200	120	60	55
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	21,655	11,510	10,145	10,770	5,930	4,845
Employee	20,015	10,645	9,370	8,520	4,365	4,155
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,640	865	775	2,250	1,565	690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	22,050	11,705	10,350	10,890	5,990	4,900
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	395	195	205	115	65	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	21,655	11,510	10,145	10,770	5,930	4,845
0 Management occupations	1,695	1,055	640	1,810	1,260	545
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,215	950	2,270	1,050	205	845
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,485	1,165	320	290	240	50
3 Health occupations	1,255	205	1,055	675	85	595
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,825	705	2,125	1,225	235	990
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	410	145	265	130	30	95
6 Sales and service occupations	5,205	2,140	3,065	2,120	760	1,360
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,735	3,500	230	2,285	2,205	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,275	1,215	60	850	615	235
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	545	425	125	335	290	50
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	22,055	11,705	10,345	10,890	5,990	4,900
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	400	195	205	115	65	55
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	21,655	11,505	10,145	10,775	5,930	4,845
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	250	185	70	1,720	1,280	445
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,420	2,180	240	75	70	0
22 Utilities	595	440	150	125	105	20
23 Construction	1,740	1,495	245	1,330	1,170	165
31-33 Manufacturing	1,165	895	270	635	525	115
41 Wholesale trade	520	405	115	245	165	75
44-45 Retail trade	2,880	1,310	1,575	1,075	510	560
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	675	505	170	465	390	70
51 Information and cultural industries	215	110	105	55	30	25
52 Finance and insurance	445	115	330	265	50	215
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	275	185	90	80	35	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	970	550	420	245	100	145
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	880	465	410	330	215	110
61 Educational services	1,720	470	1,245	800	205	600
62 Health care and social assistance	2,855	490	2,365	1,385	155	1,225
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	255	85	170	200	90	110
72 Accommodation and food services	1,415	505	915	640	200	445
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,060	510	555	480	280	205
91 Public administration	1,310	600	710	615	355	260
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	20,370	10,610	9,760	9,995	5,365	4,630
Worked at home	950	475	475	1,815	1,090	725
Worked outside Canada	45	45	10	20	15	10
No fixed workplace address	1,510	1,210	300	1,455	1,145	305
Worked at usual place	17,865	8,880	8,985	6,700	3,105	3,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,865	8,880	8,985	6,705	3,110	3,600
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,100	7,485	8,615	3,415	1,405	2,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	1,700	770	935
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,625	1,275	345	1,525	890	640
Commute to a different province or territory	145	120	25	60	45	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	19,380	10,090	9,285	8,160	4,255	3,905
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,695	8,195	7,500	6,935	3,645	3,285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,095	520	575	440	235	205
Public transit	170	50	120	80	40	35
Walked	1,705	720	985	505	190	310
Bicycle	105	75	30	25	10	15
Other method	610	530	70	175	125	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	19,375	10,090	9,285	8,155	4,260	3,905
Less than 15 minutes	10,330	4,895	5,435	3,550	1,560	1,980
15 to 29 minutes	5,430	2,635	2,790	2,015	1,035	985
30 to 44 minutes	1,905	1,200	705	1,000	590	415
45 to 59 minutes	595	445	150	455	305	150
60 minutes and over	1,115	915	200	1,135	765	370
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	19,375	10,095	9,285	8,160	4,255	3,905
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,475	1,270	205	460	295	165
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,785	1,995	790	1,480	970	510
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,465	3,120	3,345	2,265	1,285	975
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,240	1,520	2,725	2,165	880	1,285
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,630	600	1,030	820	290	530
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,780	1,590	1,190	980	540	440
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	23,975	12,740	11,230	12,305	6,700	5,605
Single responses	23,490	12,410	11,080	12,185	6,625	5,555
Official languages	23,490	12,410	11,080	12,090	6,580	5,510
English	460	295	170	12,040	6,570	5,480
French	23,025	12,115	10,910	45	10	30
Non-official languages	0	0	0	95	50	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	40	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	485	335	150	120	70	50
English and French	460	320	140	25	15	10
English and non-official language	0	10	0	90	50	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	23,975	12,740	11,235	12,305	6,695	5,605
None	19,295	9,985	9,315	11,945	6,495	5,450
English	4,320	2,530	1,795	55	30	30
French	320	215	105	75	40	35
Non-official language	30	15	10	220	135	85
Aboriginal	0	0	0	85	45	40
Non-Aboriginal	20	15	0	140	90	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	40,710	20,500	20,210	23,220	11,655	11,560
Non-movers	35,340	17,860	17,480	20,820	10,450	10,365
Movers	5,375	2,645	2,730	2,400	1,200	1,195
Non-migrants	4,295	2,100	2,190	870	445	425
Migrants	1,080	545	540	1,530	755	770
Internal migrants	1,005	500	505	1,465	730	735
Intraprovincial migrants	935	440	485	1,215	625	590
Interprovincial migrants	75	55	20	250	100	150
External migrants	75	45	30	60	30	35
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	38,730	19,520	19,215	22,075	11,085	10,995
Non-movers	24,855	12,550	12,305	15,910	8,090	7,820
Movers	13,880	6,965	6,915	6,170	2,990	3,175
Non-migrants	10,195	5,085	5,105	2,455	1,220	1,240
Migrants	3,685	1,880	1,805	3,710	1,775	1,935
Internal migrants	3,370	1,720	1,645	3,485	1,660	1,830
Intraprovincial migrants	3,145	1,590	1,555	2,955	1,410	1,545
Interprovincial migrants	220	130	90	535	250	285
External migrants	315	160	160	225	115	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Rouyn-Noranda, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 18, CDR [Census division], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rouyn-Noranda, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 18, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Rouyn-Noranda, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 18, Census division [Census division], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Rouyn-Noranda, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Division No. 18, Census division [Census division], Manitoba