Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Orillia [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Orillia Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Orillia [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	52,741	...	...	31,128	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	52,520	...	...	30,546^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.4	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	25,450	...	...	14,275	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	22,909	...	...	13,465	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19.0	...	...	1,371.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,779.97	...	...	22.70	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	52,740	26,450	26,290	31,130	14,585	16,545
0 to 14 years	8,540	4,335	4,200	4,400	2,250	2,150
0 to 4 years	2,745	1,425	1,325	1,410	740	670
5 to 9 years	3,050	1,555	1,495	1,490	755	735
10 to 14 years	2,740	1,355	1,380	1,495	755	745
15 to 64 years	33,370	17,050	16,325	19,330	9,200	10,130
15 to 19 years	2,630	1,345	1,280	1,585	790	790
20 to 24 years	2,725	1,395	1,330	1,980	965	1,015
25 to 29 years	2,670	1,350	1,315	1,930	955	980
30 to 34 years	3,055	1,560	1,500	1,795	895	900
35 to 39 years	3,195	1,655	1,540	1,570	750	815
40 to 44 years	2,690	1,385	1,305	1,620	795	825
45 to 49 years	2,780	1,445	1,335	1,775	835	945
50 to 54 years	4,225	2,135	2,090	2,335	1,080	1,255
55 to 59 years	5,005	2,515	2,490	2,485	1,140	1,350
60 to 64 years	4,400	2,260	2,140	2,255	1,005	1,250
65 years and over	10,835	5,070	5,765	7,400	3,130	4,270
65 to 69 years	3,440	1,755	1,680	2,035	980	1,055
70 to 74 years	2,680	1,285	1,395	1,570	675	900
75 to 79 years	1,955	885	1,070	1,310	570	740
80 to 84 years	1,455	605	850	1,100	460	635
85 years and over	1,300	525	770	1,380	450	930
85 to 89 years	900	375	530	790	285	505
90 to 94 years	340	135	205	445	130	320
95 to 99 years	55	20	35	130	35	95
100 years and over	10	5	5	10	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	16.4	16.0	14.1	15.4	13.0
15 to 64 years	63.3	64.5	62.1	62.1	63.1	61.2
65 years and over	20.5	19.2	21.9	23.8	21.5	25.8
85 years and over	2.5	2.0	2.9	4.4	3.1	5.6
Average age of the population	43.8	43.1	44.4	45.1	43.2	46.7
Median age of the population	46.6	45.7	47.6	47.0	44.4	49.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	22,905	...	...	13,465	...	...
Single-detached house	13,845	...	...	7,440	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	65	...	...	835	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,880	...	...	5,020	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,440	...	...	340	...	...
Row house	345	...	...	1,110	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,835	...	...	870	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,070	...	...	2,670	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	115	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
1 person	7,095	...	...	4,450	...	...
2 persons	8,990	...	...	4,895	...	...
3 persons	2,960	...	...	1,955	...	...
4 persons	2,550	...	...	1,350	...	...
5 or more persons	1,315	...	...	810	...	...
Number of persons in private households	51,175	...	...	29,925	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	44,205	22,115	22,090	26,730	12,335	14,400
Married or living common law	27,425	13,660	13,765	13,680	6,830	6,850
Married	16,220	8,085	8,135	10,530	5,260	5,270
Living common law	11,200	5,575	5,630	3,150	1,575	1,580
Not married and not living common law	16,775	8,455	8,325	13,050	5,500	7,550
Never married	10,505	6,130	4,375	7,045	3,670	3,375
Separated	545	285	260	1,190	485	705
Divorced	2,875	1,320	1,550	2,300	855	1,445
Widowed	2,860	720	2,140	2,520	495	2,020
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,425	...	...	8,660	...	...
2 persons	8,925	...	...	5,110	...	...
3 persons	2,840	...	...	1,855	...	...
4 persons	2,485	...	...	1,190	...	...
5 or more persons	1,170	...	...	505	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,425	...	...	8,660	...	...
Total couple families	13,430	...	...	6,640	...	...
Married couples	7,835	...	...	5,065	...	...
Common-law couples	5,590	...	...	1,575	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,995	...	...	2,020	...	...
Female parent	1,425	...	...	1,630	...	...
Male parent	565	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	13,430	...	...	6,640	...	...
Couples without children	7,710	...	...	3,845	...	...
Couples with children	5,720	...	...	2,800	...	...
1 child	2,250	...	...	1,280	...	...
2 children	2,325	...	...	1,050	...	...
3 or more children	1,140	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,990	...	...	2,020	...	...
1 child	1,220	...	...	1,275	...	...
2 children	590	...	...	570	...	...
3 or more children	190	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,690	4,625	4,060	6,705	2,870	3,840
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
One-census-family households	15,235	...	...	8,170	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,615	...	...	3,645	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,625	...	...	4,525	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	90	...	...	240	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,580	...	...	5,055	...	...
One-person households	7,090	...	...	4,450	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	485	...	...	600	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	52,085	26,175	25,905	30,270	14,300	15,970
English only	20	10	5	28,740	13,705	15,035
French only	43,770	21,260	22,515	5	5	0
English and French	8,270	4,890	3,375	1,430	550	880
Neither English nor French	25	20	5	100	45	55
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	52,080	26,175	25,905	30,270	14,300	15,965
English	185	105	80	29,845	14,125	15,720
French	51,840	26,035	25,805	310	125	180
English and French	30	20	15	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	25	15	5	90	40	50
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	205	115	90	320	130	190
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.4	0.4	0.3	1.1	0.9	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	52,080	26,175	25,905	30,270	14,300	15,970
Single responses	51,945	26,100	25,845	30,035	14,195	15,840
Official languages	51,705	25,970	25,730	28,195	13,340	14,855
English	180	105	80	27,835	13,190	14,645
French	51,520	25,870	25,655	365	150	215
Non-official languages	245	130	115	1,835	855	980
Aboriginal languages	50	25	20	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	50	25	20	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	50	25	20	5	0	0
Atikamekw	45	25	20	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	100	95	1,810	845	965
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	30	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	185	70	115
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	175	65	105
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	1,140	530	610
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	245	110	140
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	235	100	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	15	5	15
Czech	0	0	0	20	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	85	35	50
Russian	5	5	5	30	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	380	165	215
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	125	60	65
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	10	5	5	235	95	140
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	190	100	85
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	160	85	75
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	60	30	25
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	50	30	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	280	135	150
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	180	90	85
Portuguese	5	0	0	35	20	15
Romanian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Spanish	50	20	30	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	255	130	125
Chinese languages	20	10	5	255	130	125
Cantonese	5	5	0	115	60	50
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	10	5	5	120	55	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	80	40	40
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	0	5	0	45	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	70	60	235	105	135
English and French	95	50	45	70	30	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	155	70	90
French and non-official language	40	20	15	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	52,080	26,175	25,905	30,270	14,300	15,970
Single responses	51,900	26,080	25,825	29,855	14,115	15,745
Official languages	51,790	26,015	25,775	29,225	13,805	15,420
English	80	40	40	29,175	13,790	15,380
French	51,705	25,970	25,730	50	15	40
Non-official languages	115	65	45	635	310	325
Aboriginal languages	35	20	10	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	30	25	10	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	30	20	15	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	75	45	35	615	305	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	0	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	70	35	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	70	30	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	25	270	125	145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	60	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	60	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	5	0	0	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	100	50	50
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	75	40	40
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	25	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	15	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Spanish	30	15	15	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	10	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	195	95	95
Chinese languages	10	10	5	190	95	90
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	40	40
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	10	5	5	90	45	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	100	80	410	185	225
English and French	100	60	40	30	10	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	375	175	205
French and non-official language	70	35	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	52,080	26,175	25,905	30,265	14,300	15,970
None	50,995	25,565	25,425	29,055	13,790	15,260
English	870	500	375	290	125	160
French	100	50	50	265	100	165
Non-official language	95	55	40	630	265	365
Aboriginal	5	0	5	50	25	25
Non-Aboriginal	90	50	40	585	245	335
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	15	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	42,650	21,530	21,115	25,545	11,905	13,635
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,450	21,070	20,375	24,685	11,460	13,225
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,735	39,942	24,034	29,617	33,451	26,613
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,465	21,070	20,395	24,690	11,465	13,225
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,447	34,843	22,528	27,397	30,558	25,011
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,235	19,215	17,020	21,215	9,925	11,290
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,443	35,204	20,355	27,462	32,669	23,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,945	15,900	17,040	19,410	8,490	10,920
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,808	8,765	8,848	8,399	7,862	8,908
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,800	15,815	12,980	16,670	8,190	8,485
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,281	35,650	21,984	27,648	31,652	24,512
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	42,645	21,535	21,120	25,530	11,900	13,635
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,440	21,025	20,415	24,630	11,395	13,235
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,097	47,063	30,892	38,715	43,895	34,256
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,460	21,030	20,430	24,635	11,395	13,245
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,750	38,550	26,782	33,382	37,107	30,179
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,285	19,220	17,070	21,165	9,850	11,315
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,993	43,708	27,305	36,653	43,462	30,725
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,640	15,645	16,990	19,295	8,390	10,905
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,627	9,560	9,689	9,215	8,583	9,702
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,800	15,790	13,015	16,660	8,115	8,540
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,426	42,809	28,682	35,736	40,849	30,876
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	42,650	21,530	21,115	25,535	11,900	13,630
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,730	6,525	5,200	7,555	3,970	3,585
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,897	53,028	37,496	45,270	48,636	41,940
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,693	62,228	42,985	53,197	58,597	47,225
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.5	84.6	73.9	81.3	85.2	77.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.9	68.2	59.8	62.2	66.3	57.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.5	15.4	26.1	18.7	14.8	22.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	42,645	21,530	21,115	25,540	11,900	13,635
Without total income	1,200	460	740	855	445	410
With total income	41,450	21,070	20,380	24,685	11,460	13,225
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.9	96.5	96.7	96.3	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,910	1,670	3,235	2,995	1,355	1,645
$10,000 to $19,999	8,270	3,055	5,210	5,075	2,035	3,045
$20,000 to $29,999	6,530	2,780	3,750	4,410	1,790	2,620
$30,000 to $39,999	5,800	3,045	2,760	3,325	1,505	1,820
$40,000 to $49,999	5,095	3,025	2,070	2,700	1,260	1,445
$50,000 to $59,999	3,595	2,330	1,265	1,895	990	900
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	1,400	705	1,175	640	540
$70,000 to $79,999	1,595	950	640	845	495	350
$80,000 to $89,999	995	720	270	650	385	265
$90,000 to $99,999	810	630	180	500	255	245
$100,000 and over	1,760	1,465	295	1,105	755	350
$100,000 to $149,999	1,380	1,175	205	810	535	280
$150,000 and over	375	285	90	300	225	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,650	21,530	21,115	25,545	11,905	13,635
Without after-tax income	1,180	460	725	855	445	410
With after-tax income	41,465	21,075	20,395	24,690	11,465	13,225
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.9	96.6	96.7	96.3	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,165	1,700	3,465	3,120	1,390	1,730
$10,000 to $19,999	8,660	3,215	5,445	5,285	2,105	3,180
$20,000 to $29,999	8,055	3,695	4,365	5,080	2,135	2,945
$30,000 to $39,999	7,330	4,140	3,190	3,830	1,750	2,080
$40,000 to $49,999	5,200	3,345	1,855	2,845	1,415	1,430
$50,000 to $59,999	2,835	1,825	1,010	1,615	885	730
$60,000 to $69,999	1,735	1,155	580	1,015	600	420
$70,000 to $79,999	1,125	895	225	750	425	325
$80,000 and over	1,355	1,110	250	1,145	755	390
$80,000 to $89,999	565	475	85	430	235	195
$90,000 to $99,999	285	240	40	220	160	55
$100,000 and over	505	385	120	495	355	140
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	42,650	21,530	21,115	25,540	11,905	13,640
Without employment income	13,845	5,710	8,135	8,870	3,715	5,155
With employment income	28,800	15,815	12,980	16,675	8,185	8,485
Percentage with employment income	67.5	73.5	61.5	65.3	68.8	62.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,990	2,150	1,845	2,675	1,280	1,395
$5,000 to $9,999	2,475	1,020	1,460	1,430	595	835
$10,000 to $19,999	4,590	1,890	2,695	2,470	1,035	1,440
$20,000 to $29,999	3,950	1,825	2,120	2,250	1,030	1,220
$30,000 to $39,999	3,505	1,860	1,650	2,010	940	1,075
$40,000 to $49,999	2,810	1,735	1,075	1,750	875	870
$50,000 to $59,999	2,085	1,405	680	1,205	665	545
$60,000 to $69,999	1,345	895	450	745	425	315
$70,000 to $79,999	1,260	765	500	565	360	210
$80,000 and over	2,785	2,270	515	1,565	990	580
$80,000 to $89,999	780	590	185	435	255	175
$90,000 to $99,999	655	520	135	410	205	210
$100,000 and over	1,355	1,160	195	720	530	190
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	22,905	...	...	13,465	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,076	...	...	55,812	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,031	...	...	50,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,095	...	...	4,450	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,885	...	...	29,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,377	...	...	27,284	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	15,815	...	...	9,015	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,944	...	...	72,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,933	...	...	64,866	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	22,910	...	...	13,460	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,725	...	...	70,829	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,270	...	...	61,094	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,080	...	...	4,475	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,323	...	...	38,933	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,852	...	...	33,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,825	...	...	8,990	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,116	...	...	86,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,984	...	...	74,809	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	800	...	...	530	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,255	...	...	735	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,165	...	...	910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,000	...	...	690	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,450	...	...	695	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,195	...	...	760	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,190	...	...	740	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,160	...	...	650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,220	...	...	1,240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,890	...	...	1,010	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,620	...	...	890	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,400	...	...	785	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,165	...	...	610	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,940	...	...	2,910	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,140	...	...	1,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,320	...	...	730	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,035	...	...	620	...	...
$200,000 and over	440	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	150	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	300	...	...	185	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	800	...	...	540	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,335	...	...	760	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,310	...	...	1,020	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,235	...	...	750	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,695	...	...	785	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,470	...	...	905	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,480	...	...	845	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,405	...	...	760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,580	...	...	1,340	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	...	...	1,105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,730	...	...	960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,350	...	...	780	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,120	...	...	590	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,855	...	...	2,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,655	...	...	1,015	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	470	...	...
$150,000 and over	505	...	...	520	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,500	...	...	8,570	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,124	...	...	71,308	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,028	...	...	63,881	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,510	...	...	3,545	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,194	...	...	71,225	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,189	...	...	63,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,745	...	...	2,850	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,585	...	...	95,744	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,624	...	...	84,209	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,945	...	...	1,900	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,826	...	...	44,437	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,938	...	...	42,405	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,515	...	...	8,555	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,271	...	...	86,470	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,059	...	...	74,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,510	...	...	3,515	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,046	...	...	83,398	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,264	...	...	71,263	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,740	...	...	2,875	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,868	...	...	112,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,947	...	...	96,143	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,950	...	...	1,880	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,785	...	...	52,276	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,106	...	...	47,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,990	4,290	3,700	6,000	2,575	3,435
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,638	33,316	22,744	27,296	27,200	27,357
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,498	29,344	22,080	25,371	24,933	25,671
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,930	4,225	3,710	5,950	2,490	3,460
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,532	40,699	29,645	35,892	37,192	34,956
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,246	33,649	26,368	31,169	31,800	30,714
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	51,175	25,865	25,310	29,930	14,155	15,780
In the bottom half of the distribution	31,115	15,365	15,750	18,200	8,385	9,815
In the bottom decile	3,655	1,700	1,955	3,745	1,735	2,010
In the second decile	6,110	2,780	3,325	4,235	1,840	2,395
In the third decile	6,990	3,485	3,505	3,810	1,775	2,030
In the fourth decile	7,275	3,735	3,540	3,260	1,550	1,710
In the fifth decile	7,085	3,665	3,420	3,155	1,480	1,670
In the top half of the distribution	20,055	10,495	9,565	11,730	5,765	5,960
In the sixth decile	6,210	3,225	2,980	2,885	1,400	1,480
In the seventh decile	5,245	2,725	2,520	2,715	1,315	1,395
In the eighth decile	4,010	2,085	1,925	2,410	1,190	1,220
In the ninth decile	2,980	1,600	1,385	2,040	1,020	1,025
In the top decile	1,610	860	755	1,675	840	830
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,930	14,150	15,775
0 to 17 years	10,045	5,115	4,935	5,315	2,725	2,590
0 to 5 years	3,335	1,735	1,600	1,710	895	815
18 to 64 years	31,600	16,115	15,485	18,145	8,575	9,570
65 years and over	9,525	4,640	4,890	6,470	2,850	3,615
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,765	3,040	3,720	5,495	2,430	3,065
0 to 17 years	1,070	530	540	1,425	755	675
0 to 5 years	330	160	165	555	295	255
18 to 64 years	3,595	1,685	1,910	3,180	1,375	1,805
65 years and over	2,095	830	1,270	890	305	585
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.2	11.8	14.7	18.4	17.2	19.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.4	10.9	26.8	27.7	26.1
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	9.2	10.3	32.5	33.0	31.3
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	10.5	12.3	17.5	16.0	18.9
65 years and over (%)	22.0	17.9	26.0	13.8	10.7	16.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,235	1,115	1,120	2,990	1,425	1,565
0 to 17 years	330	175	160	690	355	330
0 to 5 years	100	50	50	270	145	120
18 to 64 years	1,795	905	885	2,155	1,005	1,155
65 years and over	110	40	70	145	70	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.3	4.4	10.0	10.1	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.4	3.2	13.0	13.0	12.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	2.9	3.1	15.8	16.2	14.7
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	5.6	5.7	11.9	11.7	12.1
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.9	1.4	2.2	2.5	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,780
Official languages	51,160	25,850	25,300	29,860	14,110	15,750
English	8,125	4,880	3,245	29,860	14,105	15,750
French	51,115	25,825	25,290	1,390	520	870
Non-official languages	865	365	500	2,350	1,045	1,305
Aboriginal languages	40	30	10	145	70	70
Algonquian languages	40	25	15	135	70	65
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	25	20	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	130	70	60
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	120	65	55
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	820	335	485	2,200	970	1,230
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	45	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	30	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	10	25	0	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	10	10	10	25	0	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	0	240	80	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	15	10	225	75	150
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	15	30
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	675	270	410	1,360	625	735
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	235	95	135
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	225	90	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polish	10	0	0	100	25	70
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	435	200	235
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	135	55	80
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	30	15	10	275	140	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	220	115	100
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	200	100	95
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	30
Hindi	0	0	0	65	25	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	115	65	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	650	255	400	435	195	245
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	40	10	240	120	125
Portuguese	20	10	10	55	25	30
Romanian	15	0	10	10	0	10
Spanish	595	220	370	165	65	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	40	25	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	10
Swahili	0	0	0	20	15	10
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	15	40	90	25	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	20	30
Quebec Sign Language	45	10	35	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	40	10	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	280	120	165
Chinese languages	0	0	0	285	115	165
Cantonese	0	0	0	145	70	75
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	140	50	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	50	30
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	15	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	51,170	25,865	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,780
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	50,975	25,770	25,205	29,380	13,950	15,430
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,065	5,200	4,865	5,310	2,770	2,545
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	40,905	20,570	20,335	24,070	11,185	12,885
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	195	95	105	545	200	350
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,775
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	50,660	25,640	25,020	27,155	12,930	14,225
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	450	180	265	2,720	1,190	1,530
Before 1981	80	55	25	1,650	745	905
1981 to 1990	20	10	15	255	115	140
1991 to 2000	90	35	60	325	155	175
2001 to 2010	160	55	100	330	115	215
2001 to 2005	60	20	35	190	55	130
2006 to 2010	100	35	65	145	60	80
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	100	30	65	160	55	100
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	65	40	25	50	30	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	450	185	265	2,720	1,185	1,530
Under 5 years	175	50	125	305	135	170
5 to 14 years	80	30	50	585	300	285
15 to 24 years	35	20	15	685	280	405
25 to 44 years	150	75	75	985	415	575
45 years and over	20	10	10	160	65	90
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	450	180	270	2,720	1,185	1,530
Americas	100	50	50	255	110	140
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haiti	30	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mexico	50	15	35	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	15	0	135	50	85
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	55	20	35
Europe	170	90	75	1,620	725	890
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	15	10
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	65	35	25	20	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	155	75	80
Greece	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Italy	30	20	10	130	70	65
Netherlands	0	0	0	140	75	70
Poland	0	0	0	65	10	50
Portugal	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romania	15	10	10	20	10	10
Russian Federation	10	10	10	15	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	850	375	470
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25	120	50	70
Africa	70	30	40	100	45	50
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other places of birth in Africa	50	15	40	20	15	15
Asia	110	10	100	745	305	445
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	80	0	85	180	65	115
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	15	10
India	0	0	0	170	85	85
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	25	15	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	230	75	155
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	35	10	30
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	100	30	65	160	55	100
Americas	35	10	25	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10	20	10	10
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	10	20	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	20	10	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	15	135	45	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	50	25	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	35	10	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	51,175	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,780
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	540	240	300	2,905	1,285	1,620
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	495	230	265	4,095	1,940	2,160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	50,135	25,395	24,745	22,925	10,930	11,995
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	375	130	245	1,115	455	655
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	110	45	70	490	180	310
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	60	25	40	230	105	120
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	50	20	30	265	75	185
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	245	85	160	485	195	295
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	15	120	75	50
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,780
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,880	1,050	830	1,835	870	970
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,785	1,000	785	1,770	850	925
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	465	235	230	1,275	595	680
Métis	1,310	750	555	470	245	225
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	0	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	25	35	15	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	25	10	50	20	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	49,290	24,810	24,480	28,090	13,280	14,810
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,775
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	595	310	285	925	420	510
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,575	25,550	25,025	29,000	13,730	15,270
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,775
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,205	665	540	445	195	255
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,185	655	530	435	190	245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	675	350	320	345	160	185
Métis single ancestry	480	295	190	90	30	60
Inuit single ancestry	30	0	30	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	15	10	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,620	815	805	1,810	845	965
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,570	785	785	1,770	840	930
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,080	530	550	1,330	610	715
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	255	230	430	225	210
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	25	25	30	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	25	25	35	0	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	48,345	24,385	23,960	27,675	13,120	14,560
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	51,170	25,865	25,310	29,930	14,150	15,775
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	400	140	260	1,525	740	790
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	10	310	155	155
Chinese	95	10	85	380	180	205
Black	160	60	105	200	125	80
Filipino	30	20	10	355	140	215
Latin American	30	10	15	35	0	30
Arab	25	15	15	25	20	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	20	30	15	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korean	10	10	0	35	20	15
Japanese	0	10	0	50	20	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	50	30	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	50,775	25,720	25,050	28,400	13,410	14,990
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	51,170	25,860	25,310	29,925	14,150	15,775
North American Aboriginal origins	2,825	1,475	1,350	2,250	1,035	1,215
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,825	925	900	1,710	775	935
Inuit	35	0	35	20	10	0
Métis	1,040	590	455	560	250	305
Other North American origins	43,480	21,970	21,510	11,835	5,705	6,130
Acadian	195	80	110	25	10	20
American	85	40	45	250	110	135
Canadian	42,370	21,470	20,900	11,600	5,615	5,995
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	55	15	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,160	560	595	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	13,210	6,675	6,540	22,375	10,415	11,960
British Isles origins	1,940	885	1,055	18,080	8,355	9,720
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	10
English	325	160	165	11,165	5,180	5,985
Irish	1,095	470	625	7,740	3,475	4,265
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	700	335	365	8,375	3,665	4,710
Welsh	0	0	0	705	320	385
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	15	0	985	400	585
French origins	11,350	5,815	5,535	3,955	1,780	2,170
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	50	20	30	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,305	5,795	5,510	3,955	1,785	2,170
Western European origins (except French origins)	400	185	210	4,650	2,315	2,335
Austrian	10	0	10	160	100	60
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgian	95	40	60	85	20	60
Dutch	55	30	25	1,555	750	805
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	205	100	110	3,045	1,540	1,505
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	25	15	150	90	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	60	25	35	725	270	450
Danish	0	0	0	150	50	100
Finnish	10	0	0	175	95	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	35	20	20
Norwegian	25	15	10	180	65	115
Swedish	15	10	10	165	50	120
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	15	60	10	45
Eastern European origins	175	95	75	2,140	980	1,160
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	70	25	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Estonian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	245	150	100
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	25	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	55	30	890	360	525
Romanian	20	0	10	115	80	35
Russian	60	20	40	150	75	70
Slovak	0	0	0	60	45	15
Ukrainian	15	10	0	790	300	490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	285	140	145	1,925	940	985
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	120	65	55
Italian	235	115	115	1,305	660	650
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	40	30	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	10	20	215	110	110
Serbian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	155	55	100
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	25	45	150	70	75
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	65	25	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	15	40	85	40	40
Caribbean origins	45	20	20	285	165	115
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	20	0	25
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	140	100	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	85	30	55	85	25	65
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	0	30
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	35	55	15	10	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	170	55	115	140	70	70
Central and West African origins	75	25	50	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	20	10	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	20	30	40	30	10
Algerian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	35	0	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	30	0	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	40	10	30	65	30	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	10	30	45	15	30
Asian origins	275	95	185	1,375	645	730
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	95	35	55	130	85	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	35	45	30	15	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	365	185	185
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	10	295	140	155
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	50	30	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	180	55	115	890	385	505
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	100	10	90	410	180	230
Filipino	30	20	10	385	145	235
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	35	25	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	65	35	30
Australian	0	0	0	40	20	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	22,910	...	...	13,460	...	...
Owner	16,610	...	...	8,350	...	...
Renter	6,305	...	...	5,115	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
Condominium	1,255	...	...	1,330	...	...
Not condominium	21,655	...	...	12,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	2,010	...	...	1,900	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,715	...	...	3,590	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,970	...	...	5,120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,200	...	...	2,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,845	...	...	3,615	...	...
5 rooms	3,810	...	...	2,295	...	...
6 rooms	3,285	...	...	2,105	...	...
7 rooms	3,255	...	...	1,705	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,710	...	...	3,735	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	22,905	...	...	13,465	...	...
One person or fewer per room	22,890	...	...	13,395	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
Suitable	22,725	...	...	12,915	...	...
Not suitable	185	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
1960 or before	6,230	...	...	4,635	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,630	...	...	3,880	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,015	...	...	1,595	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,345	...	...	1,490	...	...
2001 to 2005	995	...	...	650	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,305	...	...	755	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,385	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	21,630	...	...	12,460	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,280	...	...	1,000	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,750	...	...	8,495	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,055	...	...	4,670	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	100	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	22,910	...	...	13,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	580	...	...	435	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,005	...	...	1,765	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,290	...	...	1,710	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,960	...	...	2,310	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,705	...	...	2,815	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,770	...	...	2,300	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,090	...	...	1,475	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	22,700	...	...	13,450	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,320	...	...	9,235	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,375	...	...	4,220	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,185	...	...	3,860	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,410	...	...	8,350	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.2	...	...	59.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.2	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	840	...	...	1,095	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	890	...	...	1,174	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,979	...	...	269,563	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	186,748	...	...	302,680	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,290	...	...	5,115	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.8	...	...	18.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.0	...	...	51.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	531	...	...	925	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	580	...	...	954	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,645	21,535	21,115	25,535	11,900	13,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,055	4,605	4,450	5,710	2,805	2,905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,055	3,600	4,450	7,875	3,765	4,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,540	13,320	12,220	11,950	5,335	6,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,590	7,350	4,235	1,800	1,230	570
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,400	4,780	3,620	905	545	360
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,190	2,575	610	895	685	210
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,705	3,375	4,335	5,945	2,340	3,610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,290	435	855	370	120	245
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,955	2,160	2,795	3,835	1,640	2,190
Bachelor's degree	3,825	1,615	2,205	2,865	1,185	1,680
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	355	170	180	245	105	145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	70	75	120	95	30
Master's degree	590	275	315	550	240	315
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	30	15	55	25	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	27,785	14,085	13,700	15,485	7,215	8,270
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,140	2,155	1,980	2,495	1,275	1,220
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,150	1,930	2,225	4,725	2,350	2,380
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,500	10,005	9,495	8,265	3,590	4,680
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,205	5,705	3,500	1,090	720	365
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,720	3,740	2,975	595	340	250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,490	1,965	525	495	380	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,685	2,470	3,215	4,325	1,690	2,630
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	770	265	500	185	60	130
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,845	1,565	2,275	2,670	1,120	1,550
Bachelor's degree	2,970	1,170	1,795	2,025	860	1,165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	105	150	165	60	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	55	60	70	50	25
Master's degree	485	215	270	355	130	225
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	55	20	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,650	21,535	21,115	25,530	11,900	13,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,105	8,210	8,895	13,585	6,570	7,010
Education	2,215	555	1,665	925	275	655
13. Education	2,215	555	1,665	925	275	655
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	185	235	490	235	255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	40	40	75	65	10
50. Visual and performing arts	335	145	195	415	165	250
Humanities	960	420	540	555	230	330
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	10	50	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	175	60	115
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	585	240	345	130	30	105
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	35	25	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	35	50	75	45	35
54. History	65	45	15	110	55	55
55. French language and literature/letters	110	55	60	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,300	275	1,020	1,435	430	1,005
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	50	70	55	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	600	25	575	465	70	395
22. Legal professions and studies	195	65	130	235	75	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	40	40	0	40
42. Psychology	190	45	140	220	35	185
45. Social sciences	190	120	70	390	185	205
Business, management and public administration	4,915	1,340	3,575	2,230	805	1,425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	405	50	355	350	50	305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,495	1,285	3,210	1,875	755	1,120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	485	325	160	245	145	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	80	25	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	55	10	75	60	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	150	65	90	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	105	20	60	45	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	20	10	25	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	505	310	190	270	145	125
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	400	265	135	190	105	80
25. Library science	75	20	55	25	10	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	40	25	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,295	6,885	405	1,940	1,850	90
04. Architecture and related services	135	55	75	50	25	30
14. Engineering	420	380	40	215	190	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,430	1,275	160	450	445	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,790	1,765	25	435	425	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,865	1,825	40	455	440	15
48. Precision production	1,650	1,590	65	335	325	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,355	1,060	295	165	105	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	625	410	215	60	40	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	735	645	85	110	70	35
Health and related fields	3,370	560	2,810	2,555	460	2,100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	90	60	230	110	125
51. Health professions and related programs	3,205	460	2,735	2,275	310	1,970
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	45	40	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,730	1,410	1,315	1,130	655	480
12. Personal and culinary services	1,505	285	1,215	590	180	410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	345	275	70	355	285	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	870	840	30	190	190	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	27,785	14,085	13,700	15,485	7,215	8,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,285	4,080	4,205	7,220	3,630	3,595
Education	1,335	275	1,065	530	155	375
13. Education	1,335	275	1,060	530	155	380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	345	145	195	350	185	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	25	60	55	10
50. Visual and performing arts	295	115	175	285	130	160
Humanities	500	230	265	335	140	200
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	35	75
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	305	145	155	70	20	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	20	25	50	30	25
54. History	35	25	0	60	35	25
55. French language and literature/letters	60	25	40	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,015	215	800	1,065	270	790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	45	50	35	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	530	20	505	355	40	315
22. Legal professions and studies	140	55	90	210	55	150
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	10	45	10	35
42. Psychology	135	35	100	145	15	130
45. Social sciences	135	90	45	250	110	140
Business, management and public administration	4,030	990	3,040	1,595	575	1,020
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	385	50	340	280	50	240
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,640	940	2,695	1,310	525	780
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	235	60	190	105	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	70	15	70	25	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	40	0	55	50	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	105	15	40	25	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	25	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	380	235	150	210	130	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	305	200	105	160	95	65
25. Library science	65	25	45	15	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,615	5,270	350	1,165	1,100	65
04. Architecture and related services	105	40	65	30	15	15
14. Engineering	305	270	40	125	105	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,150	1,025	130	285	280	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,325	1,295	25	260	250	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,445	1,400	40	260	245	15
48. Precision production	1,285	1,230	50	200	200	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,120	860	260	120	75	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	500	305	195	45	30	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	615	550	65	75	40	35
Health and related fields	2,665	430	2,230	1,810	335	1,470
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	75	45	180	95	90
51. Health professions and related programs	2,530	355	2,180	1,600	220	1,380
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	10	25	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,195	1,115	1,080	895	520	375
12. Personal and culinary services	1,215	215	1,000	470	155	315
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	270	215	55	285	230	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	710	685	25	140	140	0
Other	0	10	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,645	21,530	21,120	25,535	11,900	13,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,105	8,210	8,900	13,585	6,565	7,015
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,540	13,320	12,220	11,950	5,330	6,620
Location of study inside Canada	25,425	13,260	12,170	10,980	4,875	6,110
Same as province or territory of residence	25,205	13,135	12,070	10,485	4,645	5,840
Different than province or territory of residence	225	125	95	500	230	265
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	115	65	50	970	455	515
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	185	105	80
Philippines	0	0	0	135	35	100
India	0	0	0	50	25	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	250	125	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	75	35	45
France	30	15	20	10	0	0
Other	70	40	25	275	120	150
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	27,785	14,085	13,700	15,490	7,215	8,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,290	4,080	4,205	7,220	3,625	3,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,500	10,005	9,495	8,265	3,590	4,680
Location of study inside Canada	19,410	9,960	9,450	7,715	3,340	4,375
Same as province or territory of residence	19,285	9,905	9,375	7,380	3,165	4,215
Different than province or territory of residence	125	55	70	330	175	155
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	45	45	555	250	305
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	130	80	50
Philippines	0	0	0	95	25	65
India	0	0	0	50	30	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	55	30	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	70	30	45
France	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other	60	35	30	150	50	100
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	42,645	21,530	21,115	25,530	11,900	13,630
In the labour force	25,345	13,690	11,650	14,820	7,280	7,540
Employed	22,915	11,970	10,945	13,650	6,660	6,985
Unemployed	2,425	1,715	710	1,175	615	560
Not in the labour force	17,305	7,845	9,465	10,715	4,625	6,090
Participation rate	59.4	63.6	55.2	58.0	61.2	55.3
Employment rate	53.7	55.6	51.8	53.5	56.0	51.2
Unemployment rate	9.6	12.5	6.1	7.9	8.4	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	42,645	21,535	21,115	25,535	11,900	13,635
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,750	6,985	8,760	10,050	4,340	5,705
Worked	26,900	14,545	12,355	15,485	7,555	7,930
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,940	6,640	5,300	7,725	4,080	3,650
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,960	7,900	7,055	7,760	3,480	4,280
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.0	41.9	42.6	42.7	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	25,340	13,685	11,650	14,820	7,275	7,545
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	225	190	350	180	170
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	24,925	13,465	11,460	14,470	7,100	7,375
Employee	22,460	12,140	10,315	13,080	6,280	6,795
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,465	1,320	1,145	1,390	820	580
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	25,345	13,690	11,650	14,820	7,275	7,540
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	225	190	350	180	165
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	24,930	13,460	11,465	14,470	7,100	7,375
0 Management occupations	2,075	1,300	780	1,125	690	435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,990	785	2,200	1,850	525	1,330
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,140	965	180	515	420	100
3 Health occupations	1,970	305	1,665	1,165	235	930
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,855	655	2,200	1,720	540	1,180
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	355	110	245	280	115	160
6 Sales and service occupations	6,025	2,390	3,630	5,000	2,040	2,960
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,000	4,825	175	1,955	1,845	110
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	820	670	145	210	170	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,685	1,450	235	650	515	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	25,345	13,690	11,650	14,820	7,280	7,545
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	225	190	350	180	170
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	24,925	13,460	11,465	14,470	7,100	7,375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,315	1,000	315	85	50	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	275	250	25	80	70	10
22 Utilities	300	275	25	65	50	15
23 Construction	2,165	1,955	210	1,100	1,000	95
31-33 Manufacturing	3,450	2,895	550	1,105	880	225
41 Wholesale trade	635	475	160	435	330	105
44-45 Retail trade	3,555	1,570	1,980	1,935	935	995
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	900	735	165	370	295	80
51 Information and cultural industries	170	80	90	215	110	100
52 Finance and insurance	555	145	410	265	100	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160	120	40	200	115	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	985	525	460	625	320	305
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	15	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	700	455	240	725	355	365
61 Educational services	1,700	460	1,245	830	250	575
62 Health care and social assistance	3,580	545	3,035	2,075	355	1,715
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	190	145	1,165	550	610
72 Accommodation and food services	1,690	595	1,100	1,615	590	1,025
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,325	585	740	645	280	365
91 Public administration	1,110	600	510	935	445	490
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	22,915	11,970	10,940	13,645	6,660	6,985
Worked at home	1,235	515	715	775	350	420
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	30	25	10
No fixed workplace address	2,020	1,605	415	1,390	1,010	385
Worked at usual place	19,645	9,840	9,805	11,450	5,285	6,170
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,645	9,845	9,805	11,455	5,280	6,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,820	4,890	5,930	6,705	2,595	4,105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,095	2,645	2,450	3,760	2,070	1,690
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,690	2,275	1,415	960	595	365
Commute to a different province or territory	40	30	10	25	25	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	21,670	11,450	10,220	12,845	6,290	6,555
Car, truck, van - as a driver	19,055	10,055	9,005	9,770	5,010	4,765
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	745	400	345	1,120	505	615
Public transit	100	70	30	595	185	415
Walked	1,300	570	725	1,070	445	625
Bicycle	110	100	10	120	85	40
Other method	360	255	105	160	60	95
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	21,670	11,450	10,220	12,840	6,290	6,555
Less than 15 minutes	11,270	5,395	5,875	6,450	2,670	3,780
15 to 29 minutes	5,425	2,790	2,635	3,050	1,575	1,480
30 to 44 minutes	2,560	1,575	980	1,750	940	805
45 to 59 minutes	1,450	895	555	605	355	250
60 minutes and over	965	795	175	990	750	245
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	21,670	11,450	10,220	12,845	6,290	6,555
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,500	1,160	345	995	675	320
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,370	3,275	1,100	1,980	1,230	750
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,220	3,835	4,385	2,895	1,410	1,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,215	1,030	2,190	2,570	875	1,695
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,070	285	785	1,650	695	960
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,290	1,875	1,420	2,750	1,405	1,340
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	27,680	14,930	12,755	15,965	7,795	8,170
Single responses	27,465	14,780	12,690	15,905	7,775	8,130
Official languages	27,465	14,775	12,690	15,880	7,760	8,110
English	250	165	90	15,835	7,755	8,075
French	27,215	14,615	12,605	40	10	35
Non-official languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	215	150	65	55	20	40
English and French	215	150	65	35	10	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	27,680	14,930	12,755	15,965	7,795	8,170
None	25,900	13,760	12,140	15,630	7,670	7,955
English	1,605	1,070	535	25	0	20
French	145	95	50	180	50	125
Non-official language	25	0	20	135	70	65
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	20	120	60	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	50,670	25,595	25,075	29,690	14,005	15,690
Non-movers	46,365	23,475	22,880	25,105	11,820	13,285
Movers	4,310	2,115	2,195	4,585	2,180	2,405
Non-migrants	2,665	1,335	1,330	2,620	1,195	1,420
Migrants	1,645	780	865	1,965	990	980
Internal migrants	1,600	745	855	1,895	945	950
Intraprovincial migrants	1,580	730	845	1,780	880	900
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	10	115	65	50
External migrants	45	35	0	70	45	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	48,400	24,410	23,990	28,470	13,415	15,060
Non-movers	34,855	17,735	17,125	15,865	7,555	8,305
Movers	13,545	6,680	6,865	12,610	5,855	6,755
Non-migrants	8,020	4,000	4,020	7,220	3,260	3,955
Migrants	5,525	2,680	2,845	5,395	2,595	2,800
Internal migrants	5,420	2,625	2,800	5,100	2,440	2,655
Intraprovincial migrants	5,345	2,575	2,770	4,845	2,305	2,540
Interprovincial migrants	75	50	25	250	140	110
External migrants	105	55	45	295	155	145

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Orillia [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Orillia [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Orillia [Population centre], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Orillia [Population centre], Ontario