Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Moncton New Brunswick [Census metropolitan area]			Holyrood, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick Map : Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	144,810	...	...	2,463	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	139,287 ^r	...	...	1,995	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.0	...	...	23.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	66,699	...	...	1,106	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	61,769	...	...	975	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	56.6	...	...	19.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,559.05	...	...	125.72	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	144,810	70,750	74,060	2,465	1,240	1,225
0 to 14 years	22,720	11,685	11,035	400	215	185
0 to 4 years	7,195	3,695	3,500	140	85	60
5 to 9 years	7,960	4,055	3,905	140	75	65
10 to 14 years	7,565	3,935	3,630	120	60	55
15 to 64 years	96,970	47,840	49,125	1,550	770	775
15 to 19 years	7,730	3,965	3,765	95	50	45
20 to 24 years	8,945	4,415	4,525	95	50	45
25 to 29 years	8,995	4,460	4,530	100	45	55
30 to 34 years	9,695	4,730	4,960	155	70	80
35 to 39 years	9,980	4,920	5,065	160	80	85
40 to 44 years	10,400	5,080	5,320	170	90	75
45 to 49 years	10,070	5,090	4,980	155	80	70
50 to 54 years	11,100	5,425	5,670	170	80	85
55 to 59 years	10,435	5,100	5,340	230	105	120
60 to 64 years	9,635	4,655	4,975	225	115	110
65 years and over	25,120	11,225	13,900	515	255	260
65 to 69 years	8,700	4,165	4,540	205	95	110
70 to 74 years	6,005	2,840	3,165	135	70	65
75 to 79 years	4,125	1,900	2,225	90	55	40
80 to 84 years	3,035	1,255	1,785	45	20	20
85 years and over	3,250	1,065	2,190	35	10	25
85 to 89 years	1,905	670	1,240	20	5	20
90 to 94 years	1,015	325	690	10	0	5
95 to 99 years	285	65	225	5	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.5	14.9	16.2	17.3	15.1
15 to 64 years	67.0	67.6	66.3	62.9	62.1	63.3
65 years and over	17.3	15.9	18.8	20.9	20.6	21.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	3.0	1.4	0.8	2.0
Average age of the population	41.7	40.7	42.6	44.1	43.4	44.7
Median age of the population	42.1	41.2	43.0	46.8	46.0	47.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Single-detached house	34,290	...	...	910	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,370	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	23,535	...	...	65	...	...
Semi-detached house	6,150	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	2,030	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,155	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,055	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,575	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
1 person	17,410	...	...	200	...	...
2 persons	24,075	...	...	405	...	...
3 persons	9,525	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	7,660	...	...	145	...	...
5 or more persons	3,100	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	141,520	...	...	2,385	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	122,085	59,065	63,030	2,065	1,025	1,040
Married or living common law	71,825	35,970	35,855	1,370	685	685
Married	55,905	28,045	27,865	1,140	575	565
Living common law	15,915	7,925	7,995	230	115	115
Not married and not living common law	50,260	23,090	27,170	695	335	355
Never married	31,925	16,905	15,015	415	240	180
Separated	4,245	1,880	2,370	40	20	20
Divorced	7,305	2,860	4,445	100	50	50
Widowed	6,790	1,445	5,340	130	25	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	41,910	...	...	770	...	...
2 persons	23,635	...	...	425	...	...
3 persons	8,875	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	7,110	...	...	125	...	...
5 or more persons	2,290	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	41,910	...	...	765	...	...
Total couple families	35,280	...	...	680	...	...
Married couples	27,320	...	...	565	...	...
Common-law couples	7,955	...	...	115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,630	...	...	90	...	...
Female parent	5,320	...	...	70	...	...
Male parent	1,315	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	35,275	...	...	680	...	...
Couples without children	19,345	...	...	360	...	...
Couples with children	15,935	...	...	315	...	...
1 child	7,085	...	...	155	...	...
2 children	6,670	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	2,180	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,635	...	...	90	...	...
1 child	4,295	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	1,795	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	550	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	27,010	12,660	14,350	285	140	145
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
One-census-family households	40,495	...	...	745	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	18,735	...	...	350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,760	...	...	395	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	705	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	20,570	...	...	215	...	...
One-person households	17,410	...	...	200	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,160	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	142,325	69,310	73,015	2,450	1,230	1,220
English only	70,390	35,635	34,760	2,395	1,210	1,190
French only	4,565	2,180	2,390	0	0	0
English and French	66,765	31,195	35,575	55	20	35
Neither English nor French	605	310	295	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	142,325	69,310	73,015	2,450	1,235	1,220
English	91,050	44,880	46,170	2,450	1,225	1,220
French	49,540	23,575	25,960	5	0	0
English and French	1,170	570	605	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	565	285	280	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	50,125	23,860	26,265	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	35.2	34.4	36.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	142,330	69,315	73,015	2,450	1,230	1,220
Single responses	139,465	67,935	71,535	2,450	1,230	1,215
Official languages	134,230	65,255	68,975	2,430	1,225	1,205
English	85,500	42,130	43,370	2,430	1,220	1,210
French	48,735	23,125	25,610	5	0	0
Non-official languages	5,235	2,680	2,555	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,195	2,660	2,535	20	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	920	530	390	5	0	0
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	890	515	380	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	845	490	350	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	15	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	240	110	130	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240	110	130	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	340	120	220	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	295	110	190	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	20	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	55	35	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	45	30	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,750	880	865	5	5	5
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	315	160	160	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	305	155	150	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	20	30	0	0	0
Russian	165	80	80	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	435	215	220	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	145	70	70	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	225	105	120	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	170	130	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	200	110	90	5	0	0
Bengali	40	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	5	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	15	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	70	35	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	60	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	95	55	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	645	310	330	5	5	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	85	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	25	35	0	0	0
Romanian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Spanish	315	145	170	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	540	285	260	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	360	200	160	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	55	30	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	45	25	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	15	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	55	30	25	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	55	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	735	380	355	5	0	5
Chinese languages	710	365	345	5	0	5
Cantonese	135	75	60	5	5	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	465	210	255	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	65	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,860	1,385	1,480	0	0	0
English and French	2,260	1,065	1,195	0	0	0
English and non-official language	355	180	175	0	5	0
French and non-official language	195	110	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	142,325	69,310	73,015	2,450	1,230	1,220
Single responses	138,785	67,615	71,175	2,440	1,225	1,215
Official languages	135,830	66,110	69,720	2,435	1,220	1,215
English	96,155	47,275	48,880	2,435	1,220	1,210
French	39,675	18,835	20,845	0	0	0
Non-official languages	2,955	1,500	1,455	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,950	1,500	1,450	0	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	640	345	295	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	640	340	295	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	610	335	280	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	110	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	220	105	110	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	745	365	380	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	145	75	75	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Russian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	185	95	90	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	300	150	155	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Spanish	155	80	80	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	440	225	215	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	570	275	295	5	0	0
Chinese languages	545	265	280	5	0	0
Cantonese	80	40	45	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	405	180	215	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	35	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,545	1,700	1,845	10	5	5
English and French	2,380	1,070	1,310	0	0	0
English and non-official language	835	440	395	15	10	5
French and non-official language	205	115	90	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	125	75	50	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	142,330	69,315	73,015	2,450	1,230	1,220
None	114,520	56,305	58,210	2,435	1,225	1,210
English	15,300	7,180	8,115	0	0	5
French	10,520	4,830	5,690	0	5	5
Non-official language	1,660	815	850	10	5	10
Aboriginal	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,625	795	835	10	5	5
English and French	80	40	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	75	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	110	60	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	118,825	57,280	61,550	1,985	980	1,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	114,270	54,875	59,400	1,920	955	960
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,587	39,174	28,770	39,744	52,659	29,728
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	114,315	54,880	59,435	1,920	960	960
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,081	34,364	26,290	35,243	43,758	26,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	103,265	50,950	52,315	1,670	865	810
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,533	37,040	26,609	37,939	52,032	28,608
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,190	33,730	46,465	1,435	645	780
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,544	7,182	6,096	8,325	9,971	7,203
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,505	43,885	42,615	1,400	745	655
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,881	36,358	28,042	41,643	56,448	30,037
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	118,865	57,285	61,580	1,995	1,000	990
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	114,270	54,810	59,455	1,925	975	950
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,410	47,883	35,442	48,889	61,296	36,205
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	114,300	54,820	59,485	1,930	975	950
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,614	39,239	30,351	40,141	49,560	30,511
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,305	50,870	52,435	1,685	880	805
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,756	46,301	33,407	47,512	58,724	35,268
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,025	33,715	46,315	1,520	715	805
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,807	7,985	7,677	9,384	11,364	7,624
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,500	43,680	42,820	1,390	720	670
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,513	45,097	33,817	50,405	62,760	37,209
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	118,865	57,285	61,585	1,990	1,000	995
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	44,830	23,555	21,275	645	305	340
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,150	50,462	41,969	59,619	67,082	51,707
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,527	60,883	47,491	64,852	74,495	56,199
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.8	89.7	83.1	85.9	88.5	81.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.1	74.7	68.9	75.2	79.3	68.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.2	10.3	16.9	13.8	11.0	18.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	118,830	57,280	61,550	1,985	985	1,005
Without total income	4,555	2,405	2,150	65	25	45
With total income	114,275	54,875	59,395	1,920	955	960
Percentage with total income	96.2	95.8	96.5	96.7	97.0	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,560	6,180	8,380	220	75	140
$10,000 to $19,999	18,600	6,815	11,785	310	110	195
$20,000 to $29,999	18,145	7,425	10,715	250	100	150
$30,000 to $39,999	16,215	7,685	8,530	195	95	100
$40,000 to $49,999	13,730	7,015	6,715	215	85	125
$50,000 to $59,999	9,315	5,205	4,110	160	85	80
$60,000 to $69,999	6,830	3,970	2,855	95	55	40
$70,000 to $79,999	5,250	2,920	2,330	95	65	35
$80,000 to $89,999	3,705	2,010	1,695	85	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	2,245	1,465	780	75	50	30
$100,000 and over	5,680	4,180	1,500	235	200	35
$100,000 to $149,999	3,965	2,860	1,105	160	135	30
$150,000 and over	1,720	1,320	405	70	65	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	118,825	57,275	61,550	1,985	985	1,005
Without after-tax income	4,515	2,400	2,115	65	25	45
With after-tax income	114,315	54,880	59,430	1,915	955	960
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.8	96.6	96.5	97.0	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,165	6,285	8,880	225	75	155
$10,000 to $19,999	19,840	7,385	12,460	320	120	205
$20,000 to $29,999	21,980	9,400	12,580	295	120	175
$30,000 to $39,999	19,965	9,845	10,120	240	120	120
$40,000 to $49,999	13,960	7,605	6,350	240	105	135
$50,000 to $59,999	8,955	5,205	3,745	150	105	45
$60,000 to $69,999	6,250	3,375	2,870	125	70	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,170	2,090	1,080	110	65	40
$80,000 and over	5,030	3,690	1,345	210	185	25
$80,000 to $89,999	1,675	1,175	505	65	55	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,000	750	250	40	35	10
$100,000 and over	2,355	1,765	590	100	100	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	118,830	57,275	61,550	1,985	980	1,000
Without employment income	32,325	13,390	18,935	585	240	345
With employment income	86,500	43,890	42,615	1,395	740	655
Percentage with employment income	72.8	76.6	69.2	70.3	75.5	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,690	5,325	5,360	195	80	115
$5,000 to $9,999	7,060	3,065	3,995	85	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	11,595	5,100	6,495	175	75	95
$20,000 to $29,999	11,780	5,175	6,600	120	45	70
$30,000 to $39,999	11,140	5,345	5,795	115	50	60
$40,000 to $49,999	9,405	4,810	4,595	110	40	75
$50,000 to $59,999	6,430	3,710	2,720	100	50	50
$60,000 to $69,999	5,120	2,935	2,185	85	45	40
$70,000 to $79,999	4,125	2,185	1,940	75	50	25
$80,000 and over	9,150	6,230	2,920	340	260	85
$80,000 to $89,999	2,920	1,595	1,325	75	40	35
$90,000 to $99,999	1,825	1,225	600	60	40	20
$100,000 and over	4,410	3,415	995	205	185	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,871	...	...	87,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,165	...	...	73,088	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	17,410	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,490	...	...	28,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,210	...	...	25,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	44,360	...	...	775	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,335	...	...	106,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,888	...	...	87,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,600	...	...	96,665	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,050	...	...	79,367	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	17,415	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,456	...	...	37,824	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,433	...	...	32,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	44,360	...	...	780	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,181	...	...	111,499	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,070	...	...	91,239	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Under $5,000	780	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,345	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,225	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,775	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,940	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,775	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,105	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,185	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,990	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,885	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,355	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,925	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,590	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,965	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,240	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,675	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,145	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,840	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,605	...	...	130	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,090	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Under $5,000	805	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,370	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,260	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,930	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,395	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,285	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,810	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,795	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,395	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,410	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,415	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,860	...	...	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,860	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,930	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,090	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,155	...	...	320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,185	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,545	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,425	...	...	85	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	41,940	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,928	...	...	106,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,228	...	...	86,955	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	18,360	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,837	...	...	85,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,343	...	...	72,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,105	...	...	320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,872	...	...	133,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,900	...	...	110,165	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,270	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,761	...	...	54,144	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,010	...	...	50,496	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	41,945	...	...	755	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,942	...	...	110,527	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,527	...	...	90,418	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	18,305	...	...	355	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,316	...	...	93,625	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,676	...	...	77,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,135	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,654	...	...	150,521	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,358	...	...	121,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,275	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,837	...	...	60,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,572	...	...	51,959	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,215	11,460	12,755	235	120	120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,689	31,312	28,441	28,256	34,688	25,728
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,007	27,819	26,274	25,408	30,816	24,320
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,105	11,320	12,785	265	155	105
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,320	37,277	35,472	40,757	44,309	35,402
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,981	31,331	30,672	34,417	37,374	29,958
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	141,520	68,945	72,575	2,385	1,195	1,185
In the bottom half of the distribution	78,730	37,450	41,275	925	435	485
In the bottom decile	14,830	7,075	7,755	130	55	75
In the second decile	15,860	7,060	8,795	225	100	130
In the third decile	15,980	7,635	8,350	170	85	85
In the fourth decile	16,295	7,975	8,325	215	110	105
In the fifth decile	15,760	7,715	8,045	175	90	90
In the top half of the distribution	62,790	31,495	31,295	1,460	760	705
In the sixth decile	15,345	7,570	7,780	230	115	110
In the seventh decile	15,075	7,595	7,485	290	150	140
In the eighth decile	13,970	6,960	7,015	275	140	135
In the ninth decile	10,660	5,385	5,280	345	180	165
In the top decile	7,725	3,990	3,740	320	175	145
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	141,480	68,930	72,545	2,385	1,195	1,190
0 to 17 years	27,285	14,045	13,240	460	245	215
0 to 5 years	8,750	4,480	4,275	180	95	80
18 to 64 years	90,820	44,235	46,585	1,470	725	745
65 years and over	23,370	10,645	12,725	460	225	235
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	21,865	9,935	11,935	240	105	135
0 to 17 years	5,530	2,880	2,650	45	20	25
0 to 5 years	1,995	1,040	955	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	12,825	5,790	7,035	125	55	70
65 years and over	3,510	1,260	2,250	70	25	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.5	14.4	16.5	10.1	8.8	11.3
0 to 17 years (%)	20.3	20.5	20.0	9.8	8.2	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.8	23.2	22.3	8.3	5.3	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	13.1	15.1	8.5	7.6	9.4
65 years and over (%)	15.0	11.8	17.7	15.2	11.1	17.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,735	5,675	6,060	50	20	30
0 to 17 years	2,860	1,475	1,385	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	1,070	545	525	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,235	3,995	4,240	40	15	25
65 years and over	640	205	435	0	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.3	8.2	8.4	2.1	1.7	2.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	10.5	10.5	1.1	0.0	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.2	12.2	12.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	9.0	9.1	2.7	2.1	3.4
65 years and over (%)	2.7	1.9	3.4	0.0	2.2	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	141,525	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,195	1,185
Official languages	140,930	68,625	72,305	2,380	1,195	1,185
English	136,350	66,400	69,945	2,385	1,195	1,185
French	70,935	33,200	37,740	60	20	35
Non-official languages	8,685	4,420	4,265	15	10	0
Aboriginal languages	85	55	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75	55	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	65	45	20	0	0	0
Malecite	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	65	45	20	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,610	4,370	4,240	15	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,355	795	565	0	0	0
Berber languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,330	780	555	0	0	0
Amharic	55	30	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,220	710	510	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	25	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	285	155	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	285	155	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	470	205	260	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	455	195	260	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	60	120	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	130	35	95	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	10	0	0	0
Telugu	65	35	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,675	1,780	1,895	10	10	0
Albanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	370	195	170	0	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	370	195	175	0	10	0
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	15	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	40	45	0	0	0
Russian	230	110	115	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	880	455	420	0	0	0
Afrikaans	55	35	20	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	225	100	125	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	555	285	270	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	175	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	250	140	105	0	0	0
Bengali	45	30	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	85	45	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	55	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	40	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,250	1,015	1,235	0	0	10
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	150	150	10	0	0
Portuguese	150	85	60	0	0	0
Romanian	195	115	80	0	0	0
Spanish	1,710	740	970	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	145	80	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	610	305	300	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	805	485	320	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	120	55	70	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	85	70	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	95	80	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swahili	180	105	80	0	0	0
Wolof	50	35	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	295	175	120	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	260	110	150	0	0	0
American Sign Language	100	40	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	170	80	90	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	885	440	440	0	0	0
Chinese languages	820	415	405	0	0	0
Cantonese	160	80	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	605	275	330	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	90	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	35	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	141,520	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,195	1,185
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	136,260	66,255	70,010	2,380	1,190	1,185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,150	13,480	12,665	440	225	210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	110,110	52,775	57,340	1,945	970	975
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,265	2,670	2,590	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	141,525	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,200	1,185
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	132,295	64,325	67,970	2,355	1,180	1,180
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,955	3,835	4,120	20	20	10
Before 1981	2,125	910	1,210	15	10	0
1981 to 1990	470	265	205	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	520	295	225	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,995	940	1,055	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	675	280	395	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,325	660	665	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,840	1,420	1,420	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,275	765	510	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,955	3,840	4,115	25	15	10
Under 5 years	1,155	525	635	10	10	10
5 to 14 years	1,815	895	915	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	1,365	580	785	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,040	1,515	1,525	0	0	0
45 years and over	570	325	250	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,955	3,840	4,120	25	15	10
Americas	1,785	795	995	0	0	10
Brazil	15	0	20	0	0	0
Colombia	80	30	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	25	0	0	0	0
Guyana	40	25	15	0	0	0
Haiti	60	20	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	25	10	0	0	0
Mexico	40	15	25	0	0	0
Peru	15	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,290	570	720	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	165	60	105	0	0	0
Europe	2,285	1,065	1,220	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	340	165	170	10	0	0
Germany	245	120	125	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	0	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Italy	100	50	50	0	0	0
Netherlands	150	65	85	0	0	0
Poland	45	20	25	0	0	0
Portugal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	185	105	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	65	15	45	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	25	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	780	315	460	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	250	135	115	10	0	0
Africa	1,125	645	485	0	0	0
Algeria	110	55	50	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	95	55	45	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	790	445	345	0	0	0
Asia	2,735	1,325	1,415	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	535	205	330	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	25	25	0	0	0
India	175	95	75	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	30	15	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	520	275	245	0	0	0
Lebanon	110	70	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	35	20	0	0	0
Philippines	365	140	225	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	285	135	155	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	270	130	135	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	260	155	105	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,840	1,425	1,415	0	0	0
Americas	200	85	115	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	45	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	0	0	0
Europe	490	235	255	0	0	0
France	175	95	80	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	130	80	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	105	30	70	0	0	0
Africa	450	275	175	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	15	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	75	35	40	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	55	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	180	125	55	0	0	0
Asia	1,695	815	875	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	380	170	220	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	255	120	140	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	40	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	280	120	165	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	25	25	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	265	125	140	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	15	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	200	95	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	141,525	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,195	1,185
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,840	4,940	4,900	35	25	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,725	4,470	4,255	40	15	25
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	122,970	59,520	63,445	2,310	1,150	1,155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,925	2,955	2,970	10	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,585	1,855	1,730	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,400	985	420	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,185	875	1,310	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,270	550	725	0	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,030	535	495	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	141,525	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,200	1,185
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,515	1,670	1,845	65	30	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,340	1,605	1,735	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,575	735	840	30	15	20
Métis	1,695	830	860	25	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	135	50	85	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	138,005	67,255	70,755	2,315	1,170	1,150
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	141,525	68,930	72,600	2,385	1,200	1,185
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,020	505	520	15	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	140,500	68,425	72,080	2,370	1,195	1,175
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	141,525	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,200	1,185
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	845	390	460	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	835	385	455	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	580	245	335	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	220	115	110	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,125	2,805	3,330	110	40	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,960	2,740	3,220	110	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,425	2,045	2,380	80	30	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,450	665	780	25	10	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	30	55	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	170	65	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	65	100	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	134,545	65,735	68,815	2,260	1,140	1,120
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	141,525	68,930	72,595	2,385	1,200	1,185
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,980	3,690	3,295	10	10	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	470	265	210	0	0	0
Chinese	910	445	460	0	0	0
Black	2,350	1,270	1,080	0	0	10
Filipino	565	275	290	0	10	0
Latin American	295	140	155	0	0	0
Arab	1,015	615	405	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	430	205	220	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Korean	600	315	280	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	60	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	160	90	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	134,540	65,235	69,305	2,375	1,195	1,185
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	141,525	68,925	72,600	2,385	1,200	1,190
North American Aboriginal origins	6,975	3,195	3,785	120	55	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,180	2,360	2,825	85	35	50
Inuit	135	60	80	10	10	10
Métis	1,850	850	1,000	30	15	15
Other North American origins	82,425	39,765	42,655	1,350	665	680
Acadian	10,050	4,725	5,330	0	0	0
American	1,100	540	555	10	10	0
Canadian	75,745	36,545	39,205	1,335	655	680
New Brunswicker	65	30	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	75	35	45	25	15	10
Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	220	120	95	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	86,715	42,060	44,655	1,280	660	625
British Isles origins	59,745	28,750	31,000	1,230	630	600
Channel Islander	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	32,060	15,460	16,605	635	325	310
Irish	26,455	12,525	13,930	840	445	395
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	25,250	12,145	13,105	195	85	110
Welsh	1,585	730	850	25	0	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,285	1,050	1,235	35	20	10
French origins	39,470	19,030	20,440	100	45	50
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	39,465	19,025	20,440	95	50	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,750	5,615	6,135	30	0	20
Austrian	225	105	125	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	360	165	195	0	0	0
Dutch	2,605	1,300	1,305	0	0	0
Flemish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	9,035	4,325	4,710	30	10	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	290	125	170	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,715	830	890	20	25	0
Danish	630	285	350	10	0	0
Finnish	85	30	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	50	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	460	190	270	15	20	0
Swedish	360	210	155	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	190	120	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,285	1,070	1,215	25	10	10
Bulgarian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	115	40	80	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	135	155	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	90	50	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	640	290	350	10	10	0
Romanian	305	175	130	0	0	0
Russian	385	180	205	0	0	0
Slovak	50	10	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	635	315	325	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,985	1,375	1,610	10	0	10
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	75	90	0	0	0
Italian	1,760	830	935	10	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	355	145	205	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Spanish	590	250	335	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	375	205	170	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	160	90	70	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	190	100	90	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	510	225	285	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	50	25	25	0	0	0
Dominican	45	30	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	130	50	80	0	0	0
Jamaican	120	70	45	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	35	35	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	525	260	270	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	55	25	30	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	90	45	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	40	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	25	25	0	0	0
African origins	2,570	1,465	1,105	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,055	610	445	0	0	0
Akan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	60	40	25	0	0	0
Cameroonian	100	65	35	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	265	165	95	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Guinean	130	90	40	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Liberian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Malian	85	30	50	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Peulh	40	20	20	0	0	0
Senegalese	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	20	0	20	0	0	0
Togolese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	125	90	35	0	0	0
North African origins	580	350	225	0	0	0
Algerian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Berber	125	75	45	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	200	135	60	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	130	75	55	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	375	230	150	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Burundian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	95	65	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	45	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	650	335	310	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	600	320	285	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,580	2,375	2,205	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,350	770	580	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	135	80	50	0	0	0
Armenian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	425	255	170	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	425	210	215	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	80	55	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	520	285	235	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	420	220	200	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	50	35	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	20	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,705	1,320	1,395	10	0	0
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,060	530	530	0	0	0
Filipino	575	265	310	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	80	25	60	0	0	0
Karen	65	30	40	0	0	0
Korean	605	315	285	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	325	155	165	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	30	20	0	0	0
Australian	30	20	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Owner	42,590	...	...	840	...	...
Renter	19,175	...	...	135	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Condominium	3,340	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	58,430	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
No bedrooms	190	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,240	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,890	...	...	140	...	...
3 bedrooms	24,210	...	...	550	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,240	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,650	...	...	80	...	...
5 rooms	9,660	...	...	160	...	...
6 rooms	9,470	...	...	155	...	...
7 rooms	8,855	...	...	130	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,140	...	...	450	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
One person or fewer per room	61,470	...	...	965	...	...
More than 1 person per room	305	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Suitable	60,380	...	...	960	...	...
Not suitable	1,395	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	61,775	...	...	975	...	...
1960 or before	11,660	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,775	...	...	285	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,915	...	...	175	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,195	...	...	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,660	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	7,045	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	5,525	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	58,300	...	...	930	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,470	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	61,775	...	...	975	...	...
1 household maintainer	35,710	...	...	525	...	...
2 household maintainers	25,265	...	...	440	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	795	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	61,770	...	...	975	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,600	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,410	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	11,210	...	...	170	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,855	...	...	170	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,410	...	...	230	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,060	...	...	195	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,415	...	...	85	...	...
85 years and over	1,815	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	61,415	...	...	975	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	48,990	...	...	820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,425	...	...	155	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,075	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	42,475	...	...	840	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.7	...	...	56.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	10.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	986	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,052	...	...	1,113	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,727	...	...	299,224	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	191,276	...	...	304,102	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,165	...	...	135	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	29.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.0	...	...	48.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	803	...	...	804	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	837	...	...	936	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	118,865	57,280	61,585	1,995	1,005	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,930	10,110	9,825	320	180	140
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,620	16,970	16,650	390	180	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65,310	30,200	35,105	1,285	645	640
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,250	6,295	2,955	335	260	80
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,025	2,860	2,170	145	75	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,225	3,440	785	195	185	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,335	12,365	16,970	580	230	350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,410	885	1,520	85	45	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,320	10,655	13,660	285	110	170
Bachelor's degree	17,260	7,340	9,915	200	90	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,750	755	995	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	680	395	290	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,980	1,770	2,210	60	15	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	655	395	260	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,955	38,160	40,790	1,320	640	680
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,530	4,265	3,265	150	95	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,180	10,950	10,235	190	80	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,240	22,950	27,290	985	460	525
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,165	4,180	1,985	225	175	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,315	1,890	1,425	95	50	50
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,855	2,290	565	130	125	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,045	9,930	13,115	475	195	280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,560	575	985	50	15	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,465	8,265	11,205	230	80	150
Bachelor's degree	13,895	5,840	8,050	160	70	90
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,410	560	855	20	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	515	255	260	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,155	1,310	1,845	50	10	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	500	300	200	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	118,865	57,285	61,580	1,990	1,005	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	53,555	27,080	26,475	710	355	350
Education	5,050	1,330	3,720	110	30	80
13. Education	5,050	1,330	3,720	110	30	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,715	810	905	25	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	255	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,405	555	845	30	10	20
Humanities	2,685	1,145	1,545	55	45	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	365	80	285	0	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	525	145	380	10	15	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	590	245	345	20	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	110	70	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	355	230	125	0	10	0
54. History	445	255	190	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	220	65	160	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,680	1,760	3,920	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	555	210	345	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,240	30	1,205	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,060	350	710	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,315	400	920	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,430	755	670	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	17,345	5,935	11,405	250	20	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	65	10	50	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,225	255	970	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,050	5,665	10,385	235	20	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,630	785	845	40	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	775	375	400	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	410	145	265	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	40	0	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	290	205	85	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	115	50	60	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,120	2,145	970	50	10	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,835	2,015	820	45	10	40
25. Library science	105	20	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	155	95	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,075	11,310	765	440	390	50
04. Architecture and related services	150	115	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,380	1,190	195	45	40	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,950	2,610	340	80	55	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,660	2,640	25	120	120	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,245	3,140	110	80	75	0
48. Precision production	1,685	1,620	65	110	100	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	785	495	280	30	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	495	285	205	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	210	75	25	20	0
Health and related fields	9,885	1,765	8,120	135	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	775	405	370	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,900	1,235	7,665	135	20	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	210	120	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,330	2,710	2,615	120	65	50
12. Personal and culinary services	3,080	695	2,385	60	15	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	90	75	20	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	970	810	155	20	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,195	1,135	60	40	40	0
Other	10	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,955	38,160	40,790	1,320	640	680
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	28,715	15,215	13,500	340	180	160
Education	3,320	805	2,515	80	20	65
13. Education	3,320	805	2,515	80	20	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,355	655	700	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	245	190	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,115	465	650	20	0	15
Humanities	1,960	780	1,175	35	30	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	295	60	240	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	415	120	295	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	415	140	270	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	75	55	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	150	90	0	0	0
54. History	345	210	135	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	35	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,600	1,380	3,220	30	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	490	195	295	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	935	15	915	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	885	270	610	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,075	290	785	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,160	590	565	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	13,715	4,720	8,995	195	15	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	65	10	50	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	945	175	765	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,715	4,535	8,175	180	10	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,275	615	660	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	650	335	315	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	110	185	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	140	75	15	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	35	50	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,740	1,920	820	45	10	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,530	1,815	715	45	10	35
25. Library science	60	15	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	80	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,105	8,395	705	305	270	35
04. Architecture and related services	120	90	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,115	930	185	25	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,480	2,160	320	60	35	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,815	1,800	20	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,385	2,285	100	50	45	10
48. Precision production	1,195	1,135	55	85	85	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	630	395	235	30	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	385	220	165	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	175	70	25	25	0
Health and related fields	7,570	1,355	6,210	105	10	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	620	335	280	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,780	930	5,850	105	15	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	170	85	85	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,965	1,920	2,045	100	50	50
12. Personal and culinary services	2,350	510	1,845	55	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	20	20	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	730	595	135	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	845	795	50	30	30	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	118,865	57,280	61,585	1,990	1,000	995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,555	27,080	26,475	710	360	350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	65,310	30,205	35,110	1,285	645	640
Location of study inside Canada	61,650	28,315	33,335	1,275	635	640
Same as province or territory of residence	46,900	21,150	25,750	1,175	585	595
Different than province or territory of residence	14,745	7,165	7,580	95	50	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,660	1,885	1,775	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	800	435	365	0	0	0
Philippines	230	65	165	0	10	0
India	115	60	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	315	180	130	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	335	195	140	0	0	0
France	320	175	145	0	0	0
Other	1,550	780	770	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,950	38,165	40,790	1,320	640	685
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,715	15,215	13,500	340	180	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,240	22,950	27,285	985	460	525
Location of study inside Canada	47,335	21,535	25,805	980	455	525
Same as province or territory of residence	36,100	16,325	19,775	895	415	475
Different than province or territory of residence	11,240	5,210	6,025	90	45	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,905	1,415	1,485	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	520	280	240	0	0	0
Philippines	220	55	160	10	0	0
India	100	45	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	200	105	90	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	265	125	140	0	0	0
France	275	155	125	0	0	0
Other	1,325	650	675	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	118,865	57,280	61,580	1,995	1,005	990
In the labour force	79,230	40,300	38,925	1,185	585	595
Employed	72,875	36,585	36,285	1,060	505	560
Unemployed	6,360	3,715	2,640	125	85	40
Not in the labour force	39,635	16,980	22,655	810	415	395
Participation rate	66.7	70.4	63.2	59.4	58.2	60.1
Employment rate	61.3	63.9	58.9	53.1	50.2	56.6
Unemployment rate	8.0	9.2	6.8	10.5	14.5	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	118,865	57,280	61,580	1,995	1,005	990
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	36,385	15,620	20,765	695	335	355
Worked	82,480	41,665	40,815	1,300	665	635
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	45,705	24,175	21,535	655	305	345
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	36,775	17,490	19,280	645	355	290
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.0	42.7	40.7	39.8	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	79,230	40,305	38,930	1,185	590	595
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,325	735	595	15	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	77,900	39,570	38,330	1,170	580	590
Employee	71,725	35,820	35,900	1,085	540	545
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,180	3,750	2,430	85	45	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	79,235	40,305	38,925	1,180	590	595
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,325	730	595	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	77,905	39,570	38,335	1,170	580	590
0 Management occupations	7,855	4,830	3,030	130	70	70
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,595	3,955	8,640	160	20	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,670	3,690	980	95	75	20
3 Health occupations	6,355	1,155	5,200	95	10	90
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,075	3,065	6,010	135	20	110
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,765	780	985	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	22,185	9,760	12,430	175	60	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,345	9,880	465	285	265	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,105	925	175	45	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,960	1,540	420	30	15	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	79,230	40,300	38,930	1,180	590	595
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,325	735	595	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	77,905	39,570	38,330	1,165	575	590
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	680	535	145	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	810	580	230	65	55	10
22 Utilities	200	155	40	10	10	0
23 Construction	4,800	4,260	545	210	195	20
31-33 Manufacturing	4,290	3,190	1,100	50	35	10
41 Wholesale trade	3,275	2,455	820	15	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	10,475	5,220	5,255	90	30	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,875	3,605	1,265	45	30	15
51 Information and cultural industries	1,925	1,095	830	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,470	1,625	2,850	20	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	975	595	380	20	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,925	2,230	1,695	70	35	35
55 Management of companies and enterprises	120	40	80	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	5,605	2,955	2,650	40	15	20
61 Educational services	5,295	1,690	3,605	90	15	75
62 Health care and social assistance	10,160	1,830	8,335	175	15	160
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,885	985	900	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	5,660	2,145	3,515	75	25	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,250	1,620	1,625	45	15	30
91 Public administration	5,235	2,755	2,480	90	35	60
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	72,870	36,580	36,285	1,055	500	555
Worked at home	4,335	2,270	2,070	55	25	35
Worked outside Canada	250	165	85	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,755	5,135	1,615	235	180	55
Worked at usual place	61,530	29,015	32,520	770	300	470
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	61,535	29,015	32,520	775	305	470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30,425	14,020	16,400	185	55	135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,030	8,975	10,055	555	220	340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,090	5,355	5,735	25	20	0
Commute to a different province or territory	995	665	330	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	68,285	34,155	34,130	1,005	480	525
Car, truck, van - as a driver	55,070	28,370	26,700	825	370	450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	5,890	2,325	3,565	70	20	50
Public transit	2,345	1,000	1,345	30	25	0
Walked	3,705	1,715	1,990	35	20	20
Bicycle	400	275	125	0	0	0
Other method	875	470	410	45	35	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	68,290	34,155	34,135	1,000	475	525
Less than 15 minutes	30,670	14,605	16,065	190	60	130
15 to 29 minutes	27,965	14,025	13,945	230	105	125
30 to 44 minutes	6,435	3,560	2,880	320	160	160
45 to 59 minutes	1,505	815	685	150	75	80
60 minutes and over	1,710	1,155	555	110	80	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	68,285	34,155	34,135	1,000	475	525
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,540	1,830	710	75	50	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,170	4,795	3,375	185	105	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	24,590	12,060	12,525	310	155	155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15,475	6,805	8,675	210	50	160
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,620	2,725	3,895	75	25	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,900	5,950	4,950	145	90	55
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	84,655	42,715	41,940	1,330	670	655
Single responses	78,980	40,095	38,890	1,325	670	655
Official languages	78,790	39,995	38,795	1,325	675	655
English	64,785	34,240	30,545	1,325	675	650
French	14,005	5,755	8,250	0	0	0
Non-official languages	195	100	95	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	105	95	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	35	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	40	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,675	2,615	3,055	0	0	0
English and French	5,530	2,550	2,980	0	0	0
English and non-official language	120	60	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	84,655	42,715	41,935	1,325	670	650
None	57,370	29,615	27,760	1,310	665	645
English	9,470	4,090	5,380	0	0	0
French	17,410	8,805	8,605	15	10	10
Non-official language	330	160	170	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	320	160	165	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	140,105	68,185	71,920	2,370	1,185	1,180
Non-movers	119,610	58,150	61,450	2,120	1,060	1,060
Movers	20,505	10,035	10,470	250	125	120
Non-migrants	11,905	5,690	6,215	40	15	30
Migrants	8,600	4,345	4,255	210	110	95
Internal migrants	7,310	3,650	3,665	210	115	95
Intraprovincial migrants	4,950	2,470	2,480	170	90	80
Interprovincial migrants	2,360	1,180	1,180	40	20	15
External migrants	1,290	700	590	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	134,470	65,395	69,080	2,255	1,135	1,125
Non-movers	82,345	40,260	42,085	1,590	800	790
Movers	52,120	25,130	26,990	670	335	335
Non-migrants	28,195	13,385	14,810	165	70	90
Migrants	23,925	11,750	12,175	505	260	245
Internal migrants	20,410	9,845	10,565	505	260	245
Intraprovincial migrants	13,795	6,605	7,190	435	225	205
Interprovincial migrants	6,620	3,240	3,375	70	30	35
External migrants	3,515	1,905	1,610	10	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Holyrood, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Holyrood, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador