Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint John New Brunswick [Census metropolitan area]			Rossland British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick Map : Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	126,202	...	...	3,219	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	129,057 ^r	...	...	3,134^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	58,398	...	...	1,539	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	52,872	...	...	1,377	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	36.0	...	...	1,125.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,509.62	...	...	2.86	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	126,200	60,830	65,370	3,220	1,650	1,570
0 to 14 years	20,305	10,295	10,015	610	315	290
0 to 4 years	6,255	3,150	3,105	195	115	85
5 to 9 years	7,065	3,630	3,435	205	110	95
10 to 14 years	6,990	3,515	3,480	210	95	110
15 to 64 years	82,945	40,310	42,635	2,205	1,125	1,080
15 to 19 years	7,385	3,815	3,570	175	95	80
20 to 24 years	7,270	3,690	3,585	120	65	55
25 to 29 years	6,925	3,430	3,500	185	90	95
30 to 34 years	7,135	3,420	3,715	225	110	115
35 to 39 years	7,705	3,640	4,070	265	135	125
40 to 44 years	8,365	4,000	4,365	270	140	130
45 to 49 years	8,590	4,110	4,480	240	125	120
50 to 54 years	10,330	4,975	5,355	200	105	100
55 to 59 years	10,050	4,790	5,260	255	120	135
60 to 64 years	9,185	4,455	4,730	275	140	130
65 years and over	22,950	10,230	12,720	410	215	195
65 to 69 years	7,955	3,775	4,180	150	85	60
70 to 74 years	5,585	2,665	2,920	105	50	50
75 to 79 years	3,830	1,770	2,065	80	45	35
80 to 84 years	2,710	1,125	1,580	45	25	25
85 years and over	2,875	895	1,980	35	15	25
85 to 89 years	1,735	595	1,140	20	10	10
90 to 94 years	845	240	610	15	5	10
95 to 99 years	245	60	185	0	0	0
100 years and over	45	5	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.1	16.9	15.3	18.9	19.1	18.5
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.3	65.2	68.5	68.2	68.8
65 years and over	18.2	16.8	19.5	12.7	13.0	12.4
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.0	1.1	0.9	1.6
Average age of the population	42.3	41.2	43.3	39.8	39.5	40.0
Median age of the population	43.8	42.7	44.8	40.8	40.7	41.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	52,875	...	...	1,375	...	...
Single-detached house	31,895	...	...	1,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,805	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	17,435	...	...	210	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,255	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	2,265	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,820	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	9,955	...	...	160	...	...
Other single-attached house	140	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,735	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	52,870	...	...	1,375	...	...
1 person	14,830	...	...	380	...	...
2 persons	19,790	...	...	510	...	...
3 persons	8,395	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	6,660	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	3,195	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	123,520	...	...	3,220	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	105,895	50,540	55,355	2,610	1,335	1,275
Married or living common law	61,635	30,805	30,830	1,685	845	840
Married	51,505	25,740	25,765	1,260	635	635
Living common law	10,130	5,065	5,065	425	215	205
Not married and not living common law	44,260	19,730	24,525	925	490	435
Never married	27,405	14,255	13,145	605	355	255
Separated	3,475	1,460	2,015	80	40	35
Divorced	6,635	2,685	3,960	140	60	75
Widowed	6,745	1,330	5,415	105	35	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,935	...	...	960	...	...
2 persons	20,305	...	...	495	...	...
3 persons	7,960	...	...	200	...	...
4 persons	6,250	...	...	215	...	...
5 or more persons	2,420	...	...	50	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,935	...	...	960	...	...
Total couple families	30,310	...	...	835	...	...
Married couples	25,240	...	...	625	...	...
Common-law couples	5,060	...	...	210	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,625	...	...	120	...	...
Female parent	5,320	...	...	85	...	...
Male parent	1,305	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,310	...	...	835	...	...
Couples without children	16,070	...	...	435	...	...
Couples with children	14,235	...	...	400	...	...
1 child	6,185	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	5,770	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	2,280	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,625	...	...	125	...	...
1 child	4,230	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	1,775	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	620	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,190	9,605	11,585	515	300	220
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	52,870	...	...	1,375	...	...
One-census-family households	35,340	...	...	940	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15,425	...	...	425	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,910	...	...	515	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	785	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,740	...	...	425	...	...
One-person households	14,835	...	...	380	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,910	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	124,515	60,125	64,390	3,220	1,650	1,570
English only	104,830	51,730	53,100	2,790	1,455	1,335
French only	150	65	80	0	0	0
English and French	18,825	7,965	10,860	430	195	230
Neither English nor French	710	360	340	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	124,510	60,125	64,385	3,220	1,655	1,565
English	118,750	57,400	61,350	3,105	1,595	1,510
French	4,765	2,230	2,535	110	55	55
English and French	330	150	180	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	675	350	325	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	4,925	2,305	2,620	115	60	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.0	3.8	4.1	3.6	3.6	3.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	124,510	60,120	64,390	3,220	1,650	1,565
Single responses	123,465	59,650	63,815	3,195	1,640	1,555
Official languages	118,865	57,305	61,565	3,020	1,560	1,460
English	113,765	54,955	58,810	2,905	1,500	1,405
French	5,105	2,350	2,750	115	60	55
Non-official languages	4,600	2,350	2,255	175	85	95
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,590	2,345	2,245	180	85	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	820	470	355	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	800	460	340	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	725	415	310	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	65	40	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	45	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	235	85	150	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	10	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	75	125	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,740	910	830	130	60	75
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	300	145	155	25	10	20
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	300	145	155	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	5	5	0	5
Czech	10	0	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	5	5	5
Russian	160	75	85	5	5	5
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	25	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	345	175	175	65	30	40
Afrikaans	5	5	0	10	5	5
Danish	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	135	75	60	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	70	95	35	15	20
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	50	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	465	265	200	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	285	175	115	5	5	0
Bengali	65	35	25	5	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	5	0
Hindi	55	40	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	35	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	5	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	180	90	85	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	150	75	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	530	270	260	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	95	50	45	15	5	10
Portuguese	75	40	40	5	0	5
Romanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	295	145	150	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	480	235	245	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	895	445	445	15	10	5
Chinese languages	890	450	445	10	5	5
Cantonese	100	50	55	10	0	5
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	690	345	340	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	5	0	0
Turkish	20	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	5	5	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	10	5	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,045	475	570	25	15	15
English and French	660	300	365	10	5	10
English and non-official language	360	165	195	10	5	5
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	124,515	60,120	64,385	3,220	1,655	1,565
Single responses	123,280	59,555	63,725	3,190	1,640	1,550
Official languages	120,440	58,115	62,325	3,145	1,615	1,530
English	118,525	57,195	61,320	3,080	1,585	1,495
French	1,920	915	1,005	65	30	35
Non-official languages	2,840	1,440	1,400	45	25	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,840	1,440	1,395	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	695	375	320	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	685	365	315	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	610	330	275	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	75	35	40	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	35	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	35	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	50	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	715	355	360	25	15	10
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	75	70	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	75	75	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	5	0	5
Russian	100	50	55	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	25	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	140	130	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	150	80	75	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	120	65	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	100	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	105	120	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	145	75	75	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	405	200	200	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	700	360	340	15	10	5
Chinese languages	700	355	340	5	5	5
Cantonese	60	30	25	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	560	285	280	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,230	565	665	30	15	15
English and French	470	205	265	5	0	0
English and non-official language	725	345	380	25	10	15
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	124,510	60,125	64,390	3,220	1,650	1,565
None	118,285	57,235	61,050	2,990	1,555	1,435
English	2,050	985	1,070	75	40	35
French	2,870	1,250	1,625	90	35	50
Non-official language	1,190	605	590	65	25	40
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,185	595	585	65	20	40
English and French	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	30	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	103,260	49,455	53,800	2,610	1,335	1,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	98,060	46,840	51,220	2,540	1,305	1,230
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,488	41,556	27,507	41,408	49,344	33,493
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	98,095	46,845	51,255	2,540	1,305	1,235
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,105	36,313	25,333	36,640	42,581	30,805
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,015	42,825	44,190	2,460	1,275	1,180
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,917	39,650	25,490	35,712	43,776	28,373
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	68,895	28,770	40,125	1,620	720	905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,174	7,920	6,728	5,242	6,528	4,704
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,070	35,970	35,095	2,145	1,130	1,015
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,302	40,408	27,521	31,957	40,781	25,568
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	103,235	49,500	53,735	2,600	1,315	1,285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,075	46,935	51,145	2,540	1,305	1,230
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,904	51,854	34,692	55,012	64,570	44,857
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,105	46,940	51,160	2,540	1,305	1,235
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,606	41,978	29,760	44,475	50,395	38,207
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,990	42,980	44,005	2,430	1,265	1,170
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,732	50,851	32,826	52,353	62,585	41,284
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,280	29,075	40,215	1,545	650	895
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,340	8,536	8,199	7,824	8,010	7,690
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,080	35,995	35,085	2,135	1,135	1,000
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,524	50,906	33,926	47,717	57,222	36,921
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	103,235	49,500	53,735	2,595	1,315	1,285
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	36,500	19,535	16,965	715	445	265
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,189	57,978	42,811	74,953	81,351	56,870
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,297	68,297	48,932	75,092	84,858	58,787
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.6	90.1	81.8	91.6	93.7	88.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.7	75.3	66.6	74.0	77.0	69.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.4	9.9	18.2	8.6	6.6	11.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	103,255	49,455	53,800	2,610	1,335	1,275
Without total income	5,200	2,620	2,585	75	30	40
With total income	98,055	46,835	51,220	2,540	1,305	1,230
Percentage with total income	95.0	94.7	95.2	97.3	97.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,400	5,530	7,875	295	120	170
$10,000 to $19,999	16,000	5,730	10,270	330	140	190
$20,000 to $29,999	15,295	5,800	9,490	305	110	195
$30,000 to $39,999	12,465	5,565	6,900	300	145	155
$40,000 to $49,999	10,860	5,170	5,690	275	145	130
$50,000 to $59,999	7,585	4,240	3,345	190	105	75
$60,000 to $69,999	5,635	3,395	2,235	140	70	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,445	2,495	1,950	145	85	60
$80,000 to $89,999	3,335	1,960	1,375	135	80	55
$90,000 to $99,999	2,365	1,635	735	110	70	35
$100,000 and over	6,680	5,320	1,360	320	235	95
$100,000 to $149,999	4,795	3,780	1,010	230	160	70
$150,000 and over	1,880	1,535	345	90	70	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	103,260	49,455	53,805	2,610	1,335	1,275
Without after-tax income	5,160	2,615	2,550	75	30	45
With after-tax income	98,090	46,845	51,250	2,540	1,305	1,230
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	94.7	95.3	97.3	97.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,975	5,615	8,360	305	130	170
$10,000 to $19,999	17,040	6,170	10,870	365	145	215
$20,000 to $29,999	17,885	7,095	10,785	365	150	215
$30,000 to $39,999	15,455	7,150	8,305	350	180	175
$40,000 to $49,999	11,400	6,095	5,305	285	160	125
$50,000 to $59,999	7,610	4,515	3,100	190	95	95
$60,000 to $69,999	5,425	3,150	2,275	175	100	80
$70,000 to $79,999	3,465	2,415	1,045	175	115	55
$80,000 and over	5,840	4,630	1,215	320	220	100
$80,000 to $89,999	2,000	1,560	440	100	65	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,245	980	260	75	55	20
$100,000 and over	2,595	2,085	510	145	105	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	103,255	49,455	53,800	2,610	1,335	1,280
Without employment income	32,185	13,480	18,700	465	200	260
With employment income	71,070	35,970	35,095	2,145	1,130	1,020
Percentage with employment income	68.8	72.7	65.2	82.2	84.6	79.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,965	4,190	4,775	400	210	185
$5,000 to $9,999	5,370	2,310	3,060	150	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	9,240	3,800	5,440	265	105	160
$20,000 to $29,999	9,330	3,810	5,525	220	90	130
$30,000 to $39,999	8,220	3,730	4,485	180	90	90
$40,000 to $49,999	7,180	3,360	3,820	125	65	65
$50,000 to $59,999	5,085	2,880	2,205	130	65	60
$60,000 to $69,999	4,095	2,435	1,660	95	40	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,635	1,955	1,685	120	70	45
$80,000 and over	9,950	7,505	2,445	465	330	135
$80,000 to $89,999	2,695	1,625	1,075	115	65	55
$90,000 to $99,999	1,915	1,405	515	105	70	30
$100,000 and over	5,335	4,475	855	240	190	50
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	52,870	...	...	1,375	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,737	...	...	81,365	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,847	...	...	70,101	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,835	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,282	...	...	42,069	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,200	...	...	36,992	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	38,040	...	...	1,000	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,243	...	...	103,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,134	...	...	86,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	52,875	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,586	...	...	100,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,067	...	...	81,113	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,840	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,163	...	...	52,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,072	...	...	40,612	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	38,030	...	...	990	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,364	...	...	119,603	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,946	...	...	97,648	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	52,875	...	...	1,375	...	...
Under $5,000	790	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,370	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,105	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,535	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,660	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,400	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,540	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,550	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,400	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,370	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,240	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,785	...	...	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,470	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,005	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,685	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,970	...	...	550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,225	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,625	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,725	...	...	160	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,395	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	52,875	...	...	1,375	...	...
Under $5,000	810	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,385	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,130	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,680	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,035	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,730	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,985	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,050	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,890	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,715	...	...	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,025	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,455	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,890	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,185	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,760	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,145	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,810	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,615	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,725	...	...	125	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,640	...	...	955	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,540	...	...	103,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,277	...	...	86,720	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,045	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,077	...	...	86,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,226	...	...	74,432	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,440	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,542	...	...	131,755	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,706	...	...	108,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,160	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,187	...	...	64,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,763	...	...	56,960	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,655	...	...	980	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,824	...	...	118,163	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,202	...	...	96,456	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,115	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,345	...	...	110,516	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,011	...	...	89,230	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,470	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,911	...	...	144,984	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,043	...	...	118,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,110	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,625	...	...	59,613	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,810	...	...	53,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,825	8,615	10,210	505	290	215
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,275	31,808	27,673	38,784	43,904	34,912
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,715	28,364	25,664	34,560	38,187	31,040
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,735	8,430	10,305	455	260	200
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,146	40,479	34,420	51,952	56,815	45,658
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,510	33,465	29,910	40,435	41,823	38,639
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	123,520	59,720	63,800	3,220	1,655	1,565
In the bottom half of the distribution	65,870	30,655	35,220	1,245	630	615
In the bottom decile	14,105	6,585	7,515	220	110	110
In the second decile	13,500	5,895	7,605	255	125	125
In the third decile	12,795	5,915	6,880	245	125	125
In the fourth decile	12,880	6,155	6,725	235	115	120
In the fifth decile	12,595	6,105	6,490	285	155	130
In the top half of the distribution	57,650	29,065	28,585	1,975	1,030	950
In the sixth decile	12,635	6,290	6,350	360	190	170
In the seventh decile	12,610	6,275	6,340	365	180	185
In the eighth decile	12,300	6,155	6,145	380	205	175
In the ninth decile	11,790	6,015	5,770	485	250	235
In the top decile	8,315	4,330	3,985	385	200	185
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	123,520	59,720	63,800	3,220	1,655	1,565
0 to 17 years	24,660	12,495	12,165	735	380	350
0 to 5 years	7,580	3,805	3,775	235	135	100
18 to 64 years	77,785	37,580	40,200	2,080	1,060	1,020
65 years and over	21,080	9,650	11,435	410	210	195
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	20,650	9,310	11,340	305	150	155
0 to 17 years	5,695	2,915	2,780	90	50	45
0 to 5 years	2,000	1,025	980	30	20	5
18 to 64 years	11,730	5,210	6,520	175	85	90
65 years and over	3,225	1,185	2,040	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.7	15.6	17.8	9.5	9.1	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	23.1	23.3	22.9	12.2	13.2	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	26.4	26.9	26.0	12.8	14.8	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.1	13.9	16.2	8.4	8.0	8.8
65 years and over (%)	15.3	12.3	17.8	9.8	9.5	10.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,475	5,030	5,440	140	75	70
0 to 17 years	2,820	1,460	1,360	40	20	20
0 to 5 years	1,060	535	520	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	7,145	3,385	3,760	85	45	45
65 years and over	510	185	315	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.5	8.4	8.5	4.3	4.5	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.7	11.2	5.4	5.3	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0	14.1	13.8	4.3	3.7	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	9.0	9.4	4.1	4.2	4.4
65 years and over (%)	2.4	1.9	2.8	2.4	2.4	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	123,520	59,740	63,780	3,235	1,645	1,590
Official languages	122,825	59,380	63,450	3,225	1,635	1,595
English	122,655	59,325	63,330	3,230	1,635	1,590
French	18,910	8,090	10,815	365	165	200
Non-official languages	6,420	3,205	3,210	400	190	210
Aboriginal languages	45	10	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	35	0	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	35	0	35	0	0	0
Malecite	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	0	20	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,375	3,195	3,180	400	190	210
Afro-Asiatic languages	920	495	425	15	10	0
Berber languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	910	485	420	15	10	10
Amharic	20	15	10	10	0	0
Arabic	750	420	335	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	55	85	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	140	55	90	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	140	55	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	50	135	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	0	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	40	100	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	50	35	0	0	0
Kannada	30	20	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	20	10	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,925	1,480	1,440	295	135	160
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	420	240	180	65	25	45
Baltic languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	415	235	185	60	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	55	35	20	20	10	0
Russian	245	125	120	35	15	15
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	120	65	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	635	265	365	100	55	50
Afrikaans	25	0	20	10	10	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	145	70	80	20	15	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	440	185	255	80	35	40
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	65	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	680	415	265	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	420	260	160	10	10	0
Bengali	60	35	25	0	10	0
Gujarati	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	300	180	120	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	45	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	115	80	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	270	155	110	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	220	135	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,170	540	640	135	60	70
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	135	70	60	30	0	25
Portuguese	85	35	45	15	10	10
Romanian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Spanish	940	415	520	85	50	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	90	30	55	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	510	270	235	30	25	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	120	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	25	0	25	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	40	35	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	65	25	40	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	120	230	0	0	0
American Sign Language	165	50	110	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	195	75	120	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,085	575	510	45	20	20
Chinese languages	1,085	575	505	20	0	10
Cantonese	190	70	120	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	840	455	390	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	110	65	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	40	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	40	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	40	25	10	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	15	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	123,520	59,740	63,780	3,235	1,640	1,590
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	119,810	57,860	61,950	3,100	1,560	1,540
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,000	12,150	11,855	750	380	375
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	95,810	45,715	50,095	2,350	1,185	1,165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,705	1,880	1,830	130	80	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	123,520	59,745	63,780	3,235	1,645	1,595
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	116,145	56,035	60,110	2,780	1,410	1,370
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,645	3,240	3,400	430	230	200
Before 1981	2,235	1,015	1,220	150	70	75
1981 to 1990	570	315	255	45	30	15
1991 to 2000	520	265	255	90	50	40
2001 to 2010	1,320	660	665	75	25	50
2001 to 2005	435	210	225	40	10	30
2006 to 2010	885	445	440	35	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,995	985	1,010	70	55	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	730	465	260	25	0	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,645	3,240	3,400	425	230	200
Under 5 years	855	380	475	70	40	30
5 to 14 years	1,370	690	680	45	20	25
15 to 24 years	1,015	515	495	70	25	50
25 to 44 years	2,795	1,325	1,470	245	145	100
45 years and over	605	325	285	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,645	3,240	3,400	430	230	200
Americas	1,260	610	650	65	35	25
Brazil	20	15	10	10	10	0
Colombia	25	10	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	45	10	40	0	0	0
Peru	25	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	25	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	875	405	470	60	30	30
Other places of birth in Americas	185	105	85	0	0	0
Europe	2,265	1,075	1,190	200	90	105
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	10	0	0	0
France	40	20	20	0	0	0
Germany	165	55	105	20	10	10
Greece	65	45	25	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	0	30	10	10	0
Italy	25	20	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	115	70	50	15	10	10
Poland	40	20	15	20	10	0
Portugal	40	25	15	0	0	0
Romania	50	20	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	40	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,340	625	720	105	40	60
Other places of birth in Europe	155	75	75	25	10	20
Africa	360	175	190	35	30	10
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	15	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	20	30	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	210	90	115	20	10	0
Asia	2,700	1,355	1,345	80	35	35
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	680	355	330	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	15	10	0	0	0
India	230	130	100	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	160	95	60	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	15	0	0	0
Japan	35	0	35	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	450	235	220	25	15	0
Lebanon	90	45	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	70	45	25	0	0	0
Philippines	140	50	95	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	345	185	160	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	115	50	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	275	125	155	35	10	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	20	30	50	35	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,995	985	1,010	75	60	20
Americas	150	70	80	10	10	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	120	60	65	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	140	55	85	30	25	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	20	20	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	30	10	15	0
Africa	145	75	75	15	10	10
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	50	25	20	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	20	40	0	0	0
Asia	1,535	780	755	15	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	495	275	215	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	80	55	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	115	50	65	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	170	85	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	40	30	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	325	165	155	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	25	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	30	20	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	15	10	0	0
Australia	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	123,520	59,745	63,775	3,235	1,640	1,590
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,775	3,910	3,865	515	270	250
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,545	3,975	4,570	680	320	360
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	107,200	51,855	55,345	2,040	1,055	985
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,520	2,295	2,225	280	160	120
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,655	1,350	1,305	125	85	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,030	665	365	50	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,620	680	940	75	45	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,045	490	550	120	60	60
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	815	450	365	35	15	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	123,520	59,740	63,780	3,235	1,645	1,595
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,305	1,075	1,225	120	45	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,195	1,015	1,180	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,295	590	700	30	15	10
Métis	850	410	445	55	20	35
Inuk (Inuit)	55	15	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	20	25	35	10	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	50	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	121,215	58,660	62,550	3,115	1,595	1,520
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	123,520	59,740	63,780	3,235	1,640	1,595
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	530	255	280	10	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	122,985	59,485	63,495	3,225	1,640	1,590
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	123,520	59,740	63,780	3,235	1,640	1,590
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	495	210	280	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	485	200	275	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	390	160	225	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	60	20	35	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	30	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,230	2,475	2,750	120	35	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,050	2,405	2,640	115	30	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,160	2,000	2,160	50	15	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	800	385	410	60	20	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	25	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	180	70	115	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	60	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	117,800	57,050	60,745	3,095	1,600	1,500
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	123,520	59,745	63,775	3,235	1,640	1,590
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,895	2,995	2,900	160	70	95
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	635	360	270	0	10	0
Chinese	1,175	615	555	30	15	20
Black	1,725	865	860	15	10	10
Filipino	240	90	150	35	0	35
Latin American	235	105	130	0	0	0
Arab	635	340	290	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	190	70	120	25	10	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	290	180	110	0	0	0
Korean	490	265	225	35	20	10
Japanese	60	15	45	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	145	55	85	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	117,625	56,745	60,885	3,070	1,570	1,500
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	123,520	59,740	63,780	3,235	1,640	1,595
North American Aboriginal origins	5,725	2,690	3,030	140	45	95
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,740	2,235	2,505	65	20	45
Inuit	145	60	85	0	0	0
Métis	1,045	475	565	75	25	50
Other North American origins	58,920	28,525	30,395	910	460	455
Acadian	1,765	890	870	15	10	10
American	1,285	660	625	95	45	45
Canadian	56,905	27,525	29,380	835	410	420
New Brunswicker	45	20	25	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	145	60	85	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	86,530	41,510	45,020	2,875	1,450	1,425
British Isles origins	74,455	35,470	38,990	2,230	1,185	1,045
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	15	10	0	0	0	0
English	40,295	19,295	21,000	1,450	790	660
Irish	37,660	17,490	20,165	840	415	420
Manx	15	20	0	0	0	0
Scottish	30,785	14,600	16,185	1,020	495	525
Welsh	2,535	1,155	1,380	85	55	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,575	1,110	1,465	145	75	75
French origins	25,005	11,865	13,140	445	215	230
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25,005	11,865	13,140	445	215	225
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,055	4,775	5,285	750	325	420
Austrian	245	135	105	90	50	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	165	60	105	40	10	30
Dutch	3,245	1,495	1,745	105	50	50
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,885	3,285	3,605	505	210	300
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	175	90	80	40	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,400	1,245	1,160	435	175	255
Danish	765	395	365	50	15	40
Finnish	60	35	30	30	15	15
Icelandic	65	30	35	10	0	0
Norwegian	965	485	480	235	105	130
Swedish	515	295	215	110	55	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	180	95	90	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	2,805	1,380	1,430	725	370	360
Bulgarian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	105	85	20	45	30	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	85	40	45	10	0	15
Estonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	300	150	145	100	55	45
Latvian	80	45	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	30	40	0	0	10
Moldovan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	815	405	410	175	100	75
Romanian	160	75	85	10	10	0
Russian	605	260	345	180	65	115
Slovak	40	30	10	15	0	0
Ukrainian	895	435	455	225	130	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	10	20	10	10	10
Southern European origins	3,135	1,520	1,610	335	150	185
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	140	40	100	20	0	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	360	210	150	25	0	20
Italian	1,545	755	790	245	120	125
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	10	0
Maltese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	395	185	210	10	10	10
Serbian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	10	10	20	10	0
Spanish	670	325	345	25	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	305	145	155	50	30	15
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	150	65	85	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	65	60	15	10	0
Caribbean origins	545	235	310	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	55	25	35	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	65	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	155	60	95	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	10	25	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	50	15	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	330	155	175	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	125	50	75	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,375	710	665	25	10	15
Central and West African origins	295	175	120	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	60	40	20	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	50	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	35	20	15	0	0	0
North African origins	135	85	45	10	0	10
Algerian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	30	15	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	60	40	20	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	170	95	75	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	80	40	50	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	20	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	825	390	435	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	115	50	65	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	705	340	370	0	0	0
Asian origins	5,240	2,675	2,570	175	75	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,175	1,130	1,040	15	15	10
Afghan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	220	100	125	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	185	115	65	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	65	30	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	985	485	500	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	20	15	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	50	40	10	0	0	0
Syrian	510	275	230	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	55	30	20	10	10	0
Turkmen	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	25	15	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	765	400	360	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	25	20	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	560	265	295	10	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	50	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	20	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	25	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,310	1,135	1,175	145	55	95
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,315	685	630	35	10	20
Filipino	240	80	160	40	0	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	55	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	500	270	225	30	25	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	20	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	55	80	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	125	65	65	35	25	10
Australian	85	40	50	20	15	10
New Zealander	20	15	10	25	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	52,875	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	37,175	...	...	1,100	...	...
Renter	15,700	...	...	295	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	52,870	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	1,760	...	...	70	...	...
Not condominium	51,115	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	52,870	...	...	1,395	...	...
No bedrooms	165	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,090	...	...	105	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,490	...	...	285	...	...
3 bedrooms	20,905	...	...	605	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,225	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	52,875	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,870	...	...	245	...	...
5 rooms	8,410	...	...	175	...	...
6 rooms	8,470	...	...	240	...	...
7 rooms	7,445	...	...	215	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,675	...	...	525	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	52,870	...	...	1,395	...	...
One person or fewer per room	52,615	...	...	1,380	...	...
More than 1 person per room	260	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	52,870	...	...	1,395	...	...
Suitable	51,670	...	...	1,375	...	...
Not suitable	1,205	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	52,870	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	14,890	...	...	765	...	...
1961 to 1980	17,490	...	...	325	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,015	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,245	...	...	120	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,495	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,555	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,185	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	52,870	...	...	1,395	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	48,640	...	...	1,275	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,230	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	52,875	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 household maintainer	32,100	...	...	790	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,135	...	...	600	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	640	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	52,870	...	...	1,395	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,730	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,890	...	...	205	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,655	...	...	315	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,805	...	...	235	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,115	...	...	305	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,090	...	...	175	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,165	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	1,420	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	52,585	...	...	1,390	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	42,680	...	...	1,160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,905	...	...	235	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,780	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,095	...	...	1,095	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.2	...	...	54.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	935	...	...	897	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,031	...	...	1,055	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,576	...	...	299,078	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	204,722	...	...	330,950	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,695	...	...	295	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.7	...	...	6.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.2	...	...	37.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	703	...	...	975	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	738	...	...	948	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	103,230	49,500	53,735	2,600	1,315	1,285
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,810	8,930	8,880	260	105	155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	31,705	14,635	17,065	500	260	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,720	25,935	27,785	1,840	955	890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,770	6,675	2,095	280	250	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,960	2,390	1,570	60	40	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,815	4,285	530	220	210	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,900	9,920	13,985	535	240	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,775	680	1,100	115	30	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,275	8,670	10,605	920	430	485
Bachelor's degree	13,710	5,850	7,860	515	245	275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,200	565	640	45	15	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	520	345	175	115	50	70
Master's degree	3,475	1,670	1,800	220	110	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	370	235	130	15	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,645	32,430	35,215	1,935	975	955
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,340	3,430	2,910	90	35	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,135	9,560	10,580	315	180	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,165	19,440	21,725	1,530	760	765
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,915	4,540	1,370	220	190	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,590	1,560	1,030	60	35	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,325	2,980	340	160	155	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,440	7,725	10,715	425	195	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,230	490	745	80	20	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,580	6,680	8,900	795	350	450
Bachelor's degree	11,145	4,635	6,515	445	190	255
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	390	525	40	10	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	405	240	165	110	45	70
Master's degree	2,840	1,255	1,585	190	90	100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	280	160	115	20	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	103,235	49,495	53,735	2,600	1,315	1,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	49,510	23,560	25,950	755	365	390
Education	3,955	1,050	2,905	165	65	100
13. Education	3,955	1,050	2,905	165	65	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,105	575	530	40	30	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	295	235	60	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	810	335	475	30	25	10
Humanities	2,340	905	1,435	65	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	140	35	105	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	490	130	355	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	175	380	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	140	105	35	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	405	245	155	15	10	0
54. History	485	195	290	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	130	20	110	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,990	1,305	2,690	125	35	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	295	135	165	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	805	65	740	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	650	290	360	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	150	45	115	10	0	0
42. Psychology	1,005	265	735	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,060	510	550	60	30	30
Business, management and public administration	12,120	3,750	8,370	200	80	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	0	35	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	900	165	735	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,180	3,580	7,600	195	80	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,600	730	870	60	40	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	660	255	410	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	455	195	260	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	295	215	85	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	170	60	110	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,175	1,345	835	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,950	1,240	715	35	25	10
25. Library science	85	25	60	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	70	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,315	12,470	845	515	445	65
04. Architecture and related services	110	65	40	25	15	10
14. Engineering	1,820	1,565	250	160	120	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,885	2,595	290	80	80	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,660	3,570	90	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,210	3,085	130	115	110	10
48. Precision production	1,625	1,580	40	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	530	335	195	75	40	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	275	125	150	25	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	255	210	40	50	25	20
Health and related fields	8,860	1,320	7,535	515	135	385
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	375	175	195	35	0	30
51. Health professions and related programs	8,295	1,015	7,280	430	100	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	195	130	60	55	20	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,725	2,150	1,575	50	25	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,810	375	1,440	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	35	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	845	760	85	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,030	980	50	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,650	32,435	35,215	1,930	975	955
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,480	12,990	13,490	405	215	190
Education	2,645	615	2,030	115	35	85
13. Education	2,640	615	2,030	120	35	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	845	440	410	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	155	40	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	650	290	365	25	15	10
Humanities	1,685	595	1,095	55	25	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	25	65	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	395	95	300	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	390	105	280	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	85	65	20	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	230	140	85	0	10	0
54. History	380	140	245	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	110	15	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,255	1,045	2,210	110	25	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	265	120	145	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	650	60	595	30	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	525	205	320	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	35	95	10	0	0
42. Psychology	805	210	595	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	850	405	445	60	25	25
Business, management and public administration	9,605	2,985	6,625	160	65	95
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	0	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	710	125	585	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,865	2,855	6,010	155	65	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,175	515	655	50	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	520	185	330	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	320	130	185	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	215	155	60	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	40	65	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,830	1,160	675	35	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,680	1,090	595	35	20	10
25. Library science	55	20	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	40	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,865	9,150	715	400	340	60
04. Architecture and related services	85	45	40	15	10	10
14. Engineering	1,450	1,210	235	140	105	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,335	2,085	245	60	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,725	2,635	90	95	95	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,215	2,135	80	75	70	0
48. Precision production	1,060	1,045	20	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	450	285	165	70	35	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	105	125	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	180	40	50	30	20
Health and related fields	6,960	1,025	5,935	455	125	330
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	335	145	185	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	6,470	780	5,695	370	90	280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	100	55	45	25	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,855	1,640	1,220	45	20	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,390	290	1,095	40	20	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	635	565	70	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	820	770	50	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	103,235	49,500	53,730	2,600	1,315	1,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,510	23,565	25,950	755	365	390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	53,720	25,935	27,785	1,840	955	890
Location of study inside Canada	50,560	24,255	26,310	1,515	790	730
Same as province or territory of residence	40,025	18,835	21,190	965	490	475
Different than province or territory of residence	10,540	5,420	5,120	550	295	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,155	1,680	1,475	325	165	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	920	520	395	110	65	45
Philippines	105	35	70	0	0	10
India	105	45	60	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	605	390	220	75	25	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	295	130	165	0	0	0
France	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other	1,095	535	560	125	75	55
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,645	32,430	35,215	1,930	970	955
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,480	12,990	13,485	405	220	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,170	19,445	21,725	1,525	760	770
Location of study inside Canada	38,750	18,240	20,515	1,270	640	630
Same as province or territory of residence	30,720	14,265	16,455	775	375	400
Different than province or territory of residence	8,035	3,975	4,060	495	260	230
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,420	1,205	1,215	255	120	140
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	645	335	310	80	35	45
Philippines	100	30	65	10	0	0
India	85	35	50	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	335	205	135	40	15	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	295	130	160	0	0	0
France	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other	940	455	490	125	70	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	103,230	49,500	53,735	2,600	1,315	1,280
In the labour force	64,945	33,170	31,770	1,795	960	825
Employed	59,065	29,450	29,615	1,660	875	785
Unemployed	5,880	3,725	2,150	135	90	45
Not in the labour force	38,290	16,325	21,965	810	355	455
Participation rate	62.9	67.0	59.1	69.0	73.0	64.5
Employment rate	57.2	59.5	55.1	63.8	66.5	61.3
Unemployment rate	9.1	11.2	6.8	7.5	9.4	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	103,235	49,500	53,730	2,595	1,315	1,285
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	35,310	15,090	20,220	625	280	340
Worked	67,930	34,410	33,515	1,975	1,030	940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	37,190	20,010	17,180	735	460	280
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	30,735	14,405	16,335	1,235	575	665
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	42.9	42.9	39.9	41.1	38.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	64,945	33,175	31,775	1,790	960	830
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,405	760	640	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	63,540	32,410	31,130	1,780	960	820
Employee	58,810	29,540	29,270	1,465	780	680
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,730	2,875	1,860	320	175	145
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	64,945	33,170	31,770	1,790	965	830
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,400	760	640	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	63,540	32,410	31,130	1,780	955	820
0 Management occupations	5,915	3,605	2,310	165	105	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,750	2,835	6,910	190	40	150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,375	3,415	960	220	175	50
3 Health occupations	5,805	880	4,925	290	75	210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,425	2,360	5,070	190	55	135
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,240	605	635	70	30	35
6 Sales and service occupations	16,625	7,105	9,515	275	110	170
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,450	9,005	450	265	255	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,000	880	120	30	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,955	1,715	240	90	90	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	64,945	33,170	31,770	1,790	965	830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,400	760	640	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	63,540	32,415	31,125	1,780	960	820
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	625	460	165	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	765	610	155	20	15	0
22 Utilities	1,160	920	235	35	25	15
23 Construction	5,025	4,580	440	160	140	15
31-33 Manufacturing	3,990	3,165	830	230	200	30
41 Wholesale trade	2,625	1,670	955	25	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	7,865	3,530	4,330	130	75	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,625	1,985	635	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,390	795	595	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,430	885	1,550	30	10	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	830	460	370	15	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,195	2,305	1,890	190	105	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	20	60	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,340	2,380	1,970	65	35	25
61 Educational services	4,010	1,245	2,765	130	30	105
62 Health care and social assistance	9,480	1,525	7,955	365	85	280
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	980	525	450	55	30	30
72 Accommodation and food services	4,360	1,715	2,650	145	70	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,985	1,430	1,560	70	40	30
91 Public administration	3,800	2,215	1,585	55	40	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	59,070	29,450	29,615	1,660	875	785
Worked at home	2,895	1,380	1,520	170	85	85
Worked outside Canada	200	135	70	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	5,970	4,465	1,510	180	130	50
Worked at usual place	49,995	23,475	26,520	1,305	650	645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,995	23,475	26,515	1,300	655	650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,330	12,065	15,265	405	195	205
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,370	2,425	2,945	760	400	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,700	8,545	8,155	120	50	75
Commute to a different province or territory	590	435	155	20	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	55,970	27,940	28,030	1,475	780	700
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,835	23,055	21,780	1,145	630	510
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	5,190	2,045	3,145	55	20	35
Public transit	2,310	985	1,330	15	15	10
Walked	2,870	1,395	1,470	205	75	135
Bicycle	125	90	30	40	35	0
Other method	635	375	265	15	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	55,970	27,940	28,030	1,475	780	700
Less than 15 minutes	19,405	8,770	10,635	705	375	325
15 to 29 minutes	24,305	12,150	12,155	620	340	285
30 to 44 minutes	7,775	4,215	3,560	95	30	60
45 to 59 minutes	2,700	1,590	1,110	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	1,790	1,220	565	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	55,965	27,940	28,030	1,480	780	700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,900	2,000	900	125	95	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,480	5,470	4,010	335	250	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,305	9,255	9,050	395	185	210
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,980	4,890	7,085	300	85	215
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,990	1,945	3,045	145	70	70
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,310	4,375	3,935	175	100	75
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	69,775	35,310	34,460	2,020	1,055	965
Single responses	69,130	35,040	34,090	2,015	1,060	955
Official languages	68,840	34,880	33,955	2,015	1,055	955
English	68,125	34,655	33,470	2,000	1,055	950
French	715	225	485	10	0	10
Non-official languages	295	160	135	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	295	160	135	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	50	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	0	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	50	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	640	275	365	0	0	0
English and French	565	235	330	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	40	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	69,775	35,315	34,460	2,020	1,055	965
None	65,685	33,800	31,885	1,940	1,000	935
English	610	205	400	10	10	0
French	3,170	1,145	2,025	45	30	20
Non-official language	265	125	135	25	25	0
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	260	125	135	25	25	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	30	15	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	122,270	59,135	63,135	3,180	1,605	1,570
Non-movers	107,405	51,900	55,505	2,790	1,410	1,380
Movers	14,860	7,235	7,625	395	195	200
Non-migrants	9,255	4,365	4,885	215	95	120
Migrants	5,605	2,875	2,735	175	105	75
Internal migrants	4,660	2,330	2,330	135	80	60
Intraprovincial migrants	3,175	1,560	1,610	70	55	20
Interprovincial migrants	1,485	765	720	65	25	40
External migrants	945	540	405	40	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	117,230	56,645	60,585	2,980	1,510	1,470
Non-movers	79,025	38,450	40,575	2,040	1,000	1,040
Movers	38,200	18,195	20,010	945	515	435
Non-migrants	23,355	10,940	12,415	360	190	170
Migrants	14,850	7,250	7,595	580	325	260
Internal migrants	12,470	5,955	6,515	505	290	215
Intraprovincial migrants	8,785	4,120	4,660	335	205	130
Interprovincial migrants	3,685	1,830	1,855	165	85	85
External migrants	2,380	1,295	1,080	75	30	45

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John [Census metropolitan area], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia