Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Miramichi New Brunswick [Census agglomeration]			Gloucester, CT New Brunswick [Census division]
	Data quality , Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick Map : Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	27,523	...	...	78,444	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	28,115	...	...	79,943^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.1	...	...	-1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	13,019	...	...	38,789	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	11,940	...	...	34,701	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.6	...	...	16.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7,578.93	...	...	4,743.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	27,525	13,195	14,330	78,445	38,770	39,675
0 to 14 years	3,880	1,970	1,905	8,950	4,625	4,325
0 to 4 years	1,180	595	595	2,660	1,375	1,280
5 to 9 years	1,340	670	670	3,100	1,615	1,485
10 to 14 years	1,355	705	645	3,200	1,635	1,560
15 to 64 years	17,430	8,345	9,085	50,765	25,215	25,555
15 to 19 years	1,535	755	775	3,775	1,945	1,825
20 to 24 years	1,410	745	665	3,530	1,855	1,670
25 to 29 years	1,180	585	600	3,200	1,635	1,570
30 to 34 years	1,275	580	695	3,550	1,735	1,815
35 to 39 years	1,445	685	755	4,185	2,045	2,135
40 to 44 years	1,800	860	935	4,875	2,380	2,495
45 to 49 years	1,895	890	1,005	5,745	2,835	2,905
50 to 54 years	2,225	1,045	1,185	7,060	3,480	3,580
55 to 59 years	2,310	1,115	1,200	7,535	3,720	3,810
60 to 64 years	2,350	1,085	1,270	7,320	3,580	3,740
65 years and over	6,215	2,875	3,340	18,725	8,930	9,790
65 to 69 years	2,240	1,095	1,145	6,570	3,260	3,310
70 to 74 years	1,415	730	690	4,710	2,380	2,330
75 to 79 years	1,120	505	615	3,190	1,555	1,635
80 to 84 years	760	330	425	2,150	1,010	1,140
85 years and over	685	220	465	2,105	725	1,380
85 to 89 years	450	155	290	1,225	465	760
90 to 94 years	175	45	125	685	215	465
95 to 99 years	55	10	40	165	30	130
100 years and over	5	0	5	30	10	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	14.9	13.3	11.4	11.9	10.9
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.2	63.4	64.7	65.0	64.4
65 years and over	22.6	21.8	23.3	23.9	23.0	24.7
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.2	2.7	1.9	3.5
Average age of the population	45.2	44.3	46.1	47.4	46.6	48.1
Median age of the population	48.3	47.4	49.2	51.1	50.5	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Single-detached house	9,185	...	...	27,475	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,905	...	...	6,260	...	...
Semi-detached house	380	...	...	1,140	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	965	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	190	...	...	1,180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,260	...	...	2,770	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	205	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	850	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	11,940	...	...	34,705	...	...
1 person	3,375	...	...	10,125	...	...
2 persons	4,745	...	...	14,045	...	...
3 persons	1,860	...	...	5,700	...	...
4 persons	1,385	...	...	3,545	...	...
5 or more persons	575	...	...	1,290	...	...
Number of persons in private households	27,065	...	...	76,475	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	23,650	11,220	12,425	69,490	34,140	35,345
Married or living common law	13,895	6,940	6,955	39,945	19,955	19,990
Married	11,845	5,920	5,930	28,350	14,175	14,180
Living common law	2,050	1,020	1,030	11,595	5,775	5,810
Not married and not living common law	9,750	4,285	5,470	29,545	14,195	15,355
Never married	5,785	3,070	2,720	18,460	10,295	8,160
Separated	740	280	455	2,715	1,265	1,455
Divorced	1,290	535	760	3,205	1,500	1,705
Widowed	1,930	395	1,535	5,170	1,130	4,035
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,425	...	...	24,025	...	...
2 persons	4,940	...	...	14,710	...	...
3 persons	1,805	...	...	5,400	...	...
4 persons	1,260	...	...	3,175	...	...
5 or more persons	415	...	...	745	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,420	...	...	24,020	...	...
Total couple families	6,850	...	...	19,685	...	...
Married couples	5,830	...	...	13,890	...	...
Common-law couples	1,025	...	...	5,795	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,575	...	...	4,340	...	...
Female parent	1,280	...	...	3,365	...	...
Male parent	295	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,850	...	...	19,685	...	...
Couples without children	3,930	...	...	11,705	...	...
Couples with children	2,915	...	...	7,980	...	...
1 child	1,385	...	...	4,365	...	...
2 children	1,145	...	...	2,935	...	...
3 or more children	385	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,575	...	...	4,340	...	...
1 child	1,005	...	...	3,000	...	...
2 children	425	...	...	1,035	...	...
3 or more children	140	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,550	1,975	2,570	14,270	7,020	7,245
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
One-census-family households	8,080	...	...	22,830	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,805	...	...	11,230	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,275	...	...	11,600	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	170	...	...	590	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,690	...	...	11,280	...	...
One-person households	3,370	...	...	10,125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	320	...	...	1,155	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	27,200	13,060	14,140	77,065	38,215	38,850
English only	22,420	11,055	11,365	6,540	3,370	3,170
French only	85	40	45	31,525	14,960	16,565
English and French	4,680	1,960	2,720	38,940	19,850	19,085
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	60	30	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	27,200	13,055	14,140	77,065	38,215	38,850
English	24,980	12,050	12,930	11,425	5,620	5,805
French	2,120	960	1,155	65,315	32,440	32,880
English and French	80	40	40	270	125	145
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	55	25	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,160	980	1,180	65,455	32,500	32,950
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	7.9	7.5	8.3	84.9	85.0	84.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	27,200	13,060	14,140	77,065	38,215	38,850
Single responses	26,920	12,925	13,990	76,200	37,770	38,425
Official languages	26,410	12,690	13,725	75,685	37,505	38,180
English	24,220	11,700	12,520	10,795	5,300	5,495
French	2,195	990	1,200	64,890	32,210	32,675
Non-official languages	510	235	270	515	265	250
Aboriginal languages	125	55	70	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	115	50	65	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	120	55	70	5	0	5
Malecite	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	115	55	65	5	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	385	180	205	505	260	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	95	55	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	90	55	40
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	25	20	10	85	50	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	20	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	20	55	15	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	25	30	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	0	5
Telugu	5	5	5	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	225	105	120	205	105	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	20	20	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	5	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	40	50	75	35	35
Afrikaans	15	5	10	5	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	15	10	0	5
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	25	55	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	25	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20	20	5	10
Bengali	10	10	5	0	0	5
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	0	0
Hindi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	80	45	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	5	5	0	15	10	5
Spanish	40	15	25	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	35	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	35	15	20
Chinese languages	30	15	15	30	15	20
Cantonese	15	10	5	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	280	130	145	870	445	420
English and French	235	110	130	810	415	395
English and non-official language	40	25	15	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	27,200	13,055	14,140	77,065	38,215	38,850
Single responses	26,905	12,930	13,980	76,045	37,725	38,315
Official languages	26,735	12,845	13,895	75,825	37,610	38,215
English	25,785	12,405	13,380	12,550	6,210	6,340
French	955	440	515	63,280	31,400	31,880
Non-official languages	170	85	85	220	115	100
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	165	85	80	220	115	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	5	55	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	20	15	5	50	25	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	10	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	70	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	20	15	5	5
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	5	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	5	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Romanian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Spanish	15	10	5	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Cantonese	10	5	5	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	290	130	160	1,020	490	530
English and French	200	80	115	925	440	485
English and non-official language	80	45	40	45	20	25
French and non-official language	5	5	5	30	20	15
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	27,200	13,055	14,140	77,065	38,215	38,850
None	25,385	12,275	13,110	67,305	33,455	33,850
English	560	245	315	6,720	3,305	3,410
French	1,045	430	605	2,775	1,320	1,455
Non-official language	205	100	105	220	110	110
Aboriginal	80	40	40	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	60	65	215	105	110
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
French and non-official language	5	5	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	23,195	11,030	12,165	67,545	33,335	34,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,295	10,610	11,680	65,250	32,320	32,930
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,172	37,248	24,955	27,373	33,666	22,249
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,300	10,610	11,690	65,275	32,325	32,950
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,670	33,190	23,481	25,130	30,028	21,067
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,010	9,405	9,610	51,995	27,100	24,895
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,715	32,231	22,371	23,491	28,376	19,523
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,340	7,725	9,615	53,910	25,870	28,040
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,357	11,185	8,044	10,626	12,519	9,081
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,020	7,585	7,430	43,275	23,120	20,145
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,325	31,782	24,038	23,302	27,121	20,462
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	23,200	11,045	12,150	67,545	33,335	34,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,235	10,610	11,630	65,175	32,300	32,875
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,019	45,280	31,396	35,461	42,861	28,193
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,245	10,610	11,630	65,190	32,295	32,900
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,283	37,596	27,439	30,214	35,635	24,892
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,065	9,335	9,730	51,820	27,060	24,755
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,532	42,603	28,748	33,500	39,815	26,598
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,225	7,625	9,600	53,960	25,980	27,980
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,755	10,831	8,899	10,663	11,810	9,597
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,020	7,495	7,525	43,270	23,235	20,035
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,130	41,895	30,387	33,413	38,631	27,361
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	23,195	11,045	12,150	67,540	33,335	34,205
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,590	3,205	3,385	13,980	6,775	7,205
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,878	52,003	41,983	44,564	50,858	39,890
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,785	58,370	45,558	51,622	59,276	44,427
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.8	82.5	76.4	75.1	77.8	71.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.2	65.9	62.1	62.2	64.4	59.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.1	17.5	23.6	24.9	22.2	28.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	23,195	11,030	12,165	67,545	33,335	34,210
Without total income	900	420	485	2,285	1,010	1,280
With total income	22,295	10,615	11,685	65,255	32,325	32,930
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.2	96.1	96.6	97.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,115	1,190	1,920	9,310	3,565	5,745
$10,000 to $19,999	4,150	1,450	2,700	14,595	5,585	9,010
$20,000 to $29,999	3,825	1,555	2,270	11,640	4,945	6,695
$30,000 to $39,999	3,035	1,510	1,530	9,825	5,435	4,385
$40,000 to $49,999	2,325	1,330	995	6,380	3,660	2,715
$50,000 to $59,999	1,855	1,050	800	3,795	2,410	1,380
$60,000 to $69,999	1,195	715	475	2,645	1,730	910
$70,000 to $79,999	905	520	385	2,250	1,320	930
$80,000 to $89,999	735	420	320	1,500	930	565
$90,000 to $99,999	340	215	130	850	625	230
$100,000 and over	815	650	160	2,465	2,110	355
$100,000 to $149,999	570	435	135	1,820	1,555	260
$150,000 and over	250	215	25	645	555	90
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	23,195	11,030	12,165	67,540	33,335	34,205
Without after-tax income	900	420	480	2,270	1,010	1,260
With after-tax income	22,300	10,615	11,685	65,275	32,325	32,950
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.2	96.1	96.6	97.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,190	1,205	1,990	9,515	3,605	5,915
$10,000 to $19,999	4,455	1,580	2,880	15,490	5,920	9,565
$20,000 to $29,999	4,450	1,905	2,545	14,280	6,615	7,665
$30,000 to $39,999	3,490	1,880	1,605	10,395	5,945	4,450
$40,000 to $49,999	2,680	1,525	1,155	6,030	3,675	2,355
$50,000 to $59,999	1,620	955	665	3,625	2,315	1,310
$60,000 to $69,999	1,190	665	520	2,580	1,540	1,040
$70,000 to $79,999	500	310	185	1,245	920	330
$80,000 and over	730	585	145	2,110	1,790	315
$80,000 to $89,999	255	195	65	750	625	120
$90,000 to $99,999	135	105	35	440	380	60
$100,000 and over	340	290	45	920	785	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	23,195	11,030	12,165	67,545	33,335	34,205
Without employment income	8,180	3,445	4,735	24,270	10,210	14,060
With employment income	15,020	7,585	7,435	43,275	23,120	20,145
Percentage with employment income	64.8	68.8	61.1	64.1	69.4	58.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,950	945	1,000	5,965	3,105	2,860
$5,000 to $9,999	1,475	640	830	4,425	1,885	2,535
$10,000 to $19,999	2,395	1,065	1,325	8,895	4,405	4,485
$20,000 to $29,999	2,230	995	1,235	6,400	2,955	3,450
$30,000 to $39,999	1,625	820	805	4,585	2,485	2,105
$40,000 to $49,999	1,290	665	630	3,460	1,880	1,575
$50,000 to $59,999	1,155	635	520	2,330	1,495	835
$60,000 to $69,999	795	465	330	1,835	1,150	680
$70,000 to $79,999	700	365	330	1,770	935	835
$80,000 and over	1,415	990	430	3,615	2,820	790
$80,000 to $89,999	570	320	250	1,135	730	405
$90,000 to $99,999	245	155	90	655	495	160
$100,000 and over	600	515	85	1,825	1,600	225
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,930	...	...	52,793	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,852	...	...	47,671	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,370	...	...	10,120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,272	...	...	23,923	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,448	...	...	22,839	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,570	...	...	24,575	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,135	...	...	67,619	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,627	...	...	60,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	11,940	...	...	34,705	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,808	...	...	66,602	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,138	...	...	56,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,370	...	...	10,125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,515	...	...	32,574	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,598	...	...	28,109	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,575	...	...	24,575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,677	...	...	80,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,746	...	...	68,564	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	265	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	1,055	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	260	...	...	790	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	725	...	...	2,710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	655	...	...	1,890	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	645	...	...	2,180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	650	...	...	2,260	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	615	...	...	2,030	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	575	...	...	1,720	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	540	...	...	1,565	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	...	...	3,010	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	910	...	...	2,560	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	870	...	...	2,315	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	690	...	...	1,945	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	605	...	...	1,525	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,665	...	...	6,875	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,080	...	...	2,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	670	...	...	1,755	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	625	...	...	1,550	...	...
$200,000 and over	290	...	...	760	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,940	...	...	34,705	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	275	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	280	...	...	1,065	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	265	...	...	800	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	755	...	...	2,835	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	725	...	...	2,175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	715	...	...	2,415	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	725	...	...	2,525	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	705	...	...	2,245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	710	...	...	1,970	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	690	...	...	1,980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,245	...	...	3,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,085	...	...	2,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	900	...	...	2,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	695	...	...	1,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	565	...	...	1,440	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,720	...	...	4,325	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	2,365	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	435	...	...	1,065	...	...
$150,000 and over	355	...	...	900	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,365	...	...	23,815	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,056	...	...	67,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,460	...	...	60,007	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,715	...	...	10,885	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,788	...	...	59,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,894	...	...	53,080	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,980	...	...	8,205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,961	...	...	96,477	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,603	...	...	83,548	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,450	...	...	3,930	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,264	...	...	42,707	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,960	...	...	40,613	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,360	...	...	23,775	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,262	...	...	80,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,358	...	...	68,568	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,725	...	...	10,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,755	...	...	71,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,244	...	...	60,486	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,995	...	...	8,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,835	...	...	106,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,396	...	...	89,671	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,440	...	...	3,895	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,471	...	...	52,266	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,448	...	...	46,711	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,000	1,735	2,265	12,410	6,210	6,200
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,606	30,400	24,531	23,686	28,256	21,096
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,842	27,424	23,621	22,522	25,468	20,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,030	1,760	2,265	12,355	6,140	6,220
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,060	38,641	32,273	31,743	36,147	27,392
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,205	32,631	28,318	27,455	30,532	24,415
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,525
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,850	7,370	8,475	48,190	23,255	24,935
In the bottom decile	2,875	1,270	1,605	8,100	3,630	4,465
In the second decile	3,475	1,505	1,970	12,200	5,580	6,615
In the third decile	3,180	1,480	1,695	10,010	4,885	5,115
In the fourth decile	3,140	1,545	1,590	9,345	4,780	4,570
In the fifth decile	3,180	1,575	1,615	8,530	4,370	4,165
In the top half of the distribution	11,215	5,630	5,590	28,285	14,690	13,595
In the sixth decile	2,935	1,435	1,505	7,805	4,015	3,790
In the seventh decile	2,830	1,415	1,420	6,985	3,595	3,390
In the eighth decile	2,420	1,215	1,205	6,265	3,205	3,060
In the ninth decile	1,920	990	930	4,400	2,340	2,060
In the top decile	1,105	580	530	2,830	1,540	1,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	26,175	12,575	13,600	76,340	37,875	38,465
0 to 17 years	4,525	2,285	2,235	11,175	5,740	5,430
0 to 5 years	1,370	680	690	3,250	1,670	1,580
18 to 64 years	15,775	7,540	8,235	47,795	23,660	24,140
65 years and over	5,870	2,745	3,120	17,375	8,475	8,900
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,315	1,845	2,475	14,880	6,695	8,190
0 to 17 years	1,010	530	480	2,590	1,325	1,265
0 to 5 years	410	205	205	890	460	425
18 to 64 years	2,240	930	1,300	7,310	3,215	4,100
65 years and over	1,075	380	695	4,985	2,155	2,825
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	14.7	18.2	19.5	17.7	21.3
0 to 17 years (%)	22.3	23.2	21.5	23.2	23.1	23.3
0 to 5 years (%)	29.9	30.1	29.7	27.4	27.5	26.9
18 to 64 years (%)	14.2	12.3	15.8	15.3	13.6	17.0
65 years and over (%)	18.3	13.8	22.3	28.7	25.4	31.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,480	675	800	4,185	1,995	2,190
0 to 17 years	365	195	170	725	355	370
0 to 5 years	140	70	70	245	130	110
18 to 64 years	1,035	455	585	3,200	1,520	1,685
65 years and over	80	30	50	255	120	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.4	5.9	5.5	5.3	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.5	7.6	6.5	6.2	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.2	10.3	10.1	7.5	7.8	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.0	7.1	6.7	6.4	7.0
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.1	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,525
Official languages	27,060	12,995	14,065	76,395	37,905	38,490
English	26,980	12,955	14,020	45,330	23,125	22,210
French	4,760	2,050	2,705	69,930	34,570	35,365
Non-official languages	685	305	375	1,160	600	565
Aboriginal languages	185	75	105	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	185	80	105	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	185	80	105	15	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	180	80	105	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	505	235	270	1,150	595	560
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	160	100	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	10	160	100	65
Amharic	0	10	0	30	20	10
Arabic	15	10	0	130	85	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	35	40	90	25	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	40	80	25	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	15	0	30	25	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	10	20	20	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	10	0	10	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	145	195	680	350	320
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	25	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	25	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	60	75	120	70	50
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	45	45	100	60	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	20	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	45	25	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	40	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	10	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	55	60	495	245	250
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	35	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	110	55	55	440	215	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	55	25	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	45	30	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	35	25	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	40	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	30	15	70	35	35
Chinese languages	40	30	15	70	35	35
Cantonese	15	10	10	35	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	20	0	45	25	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,530
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	26,850	12,920	13,935	75,975	37,690	38,285
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,815	2,420	2,390	11,095	5,675	5,420
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,035	10,495	11,545	64,885	32,015	32,865
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	210	80	130	505	260	245
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,525
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	26,470	12,735	13,740	75,390	37,375	38,020
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	545	245	300	1,025	535	490
Before 1981	275	125	145	370	215	155
1981 to 1990	45	25	20	70	40	25
1991 to 2000	55	30	25	75	25	45
2001 to 2010	105	45	60	250	120	125
2001 to 2005	50	20	30	100	45	50
2006 to 2010	60	25	35	155	75	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	70	15	50	255	125	130
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	45	25	25	60	40	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	545	245	300	1,025	535	490
Under 5 years	90	40	55	160	70	85
5 to 14 years	110	50	65	220	115	105
15 to 24 years	65	30	35	140	80	60
25 to 44 years	205	105	100	390	190	195
45 years and over	75	25	50	110	75	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	545	240	300	1,025	535	490
Americas	110	50	55	270	125	140
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	30	15	10
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	40	45	165	75	90
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	40	20	15
Europe	250	95	155	370	210	155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	105	75	35
Germany	40	20	20	55	25	30
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	0	0	10	0
Italy	0	0	0	20	15	10
Netherlands	25	0	20	20	15	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	40	60	90	55	40
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	45	15	30
Africa	45	35	15	115	75	45
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ethiopia	0	10	0	15	0	10
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	10	60	35	25
Asia	125	55	75	275	120	150
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	0	45	15	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	10	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	55	15	35	70	20	50
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	20	15	10	30	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65	15	50	260	130	130
Americas	0	0	0	40	25	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	20	0	20	60	30	30
France	20	0	15	55	35	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	10	0	45	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	35	15	20
Asia	45	15	35	115	55	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	10	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	25	35	15	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	27,060	12,995	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,530
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	720	320	400	1,140	600	540
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,135	530	605	1,170	565	600
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	25,205	12,150	13,055	74,170	36,785	37,390
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	270	120	150	665	330	330
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	140	60	70	285	140	140
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	65	50	15	115	70	40
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	75	15	65	165	65	100
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	120	55	65	320	150	170
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	0	10	60	35	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,525
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,740	900	840	3,025	1,700	1,325
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,700	880	825	2,780	1,570	1,215
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,220	600	625	1,020	605	415
Métis	455	265	190	1,740	960	780
Inuk (Inuit)	30	20	10	25	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	15	100	50	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	145	85	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	25,325	12,100	13,225	73,450	36,250	37,200
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	27,060	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,525
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,100	555	550	810	470	345
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,960	12,445	13,520	75,665	37,475	38,180
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,530
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	950	465	480	1,570	825	745
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	930	450	480	1,495	775	725
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	865	420	445	1,020	540	485
Métis single ancestry	45	25	20	455	240	220
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	20	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	15	0	75	45	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	75	50	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,500	750	755	3,430	1,830	1,595
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,450	725	720	3,270	1,745	1,525
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,010	515	490	2,395	1,215	1,180
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	425	195	230	860	515	345
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	20	0	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	20	30	160	85	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	30	155	80	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	24,620	11,785	12,830	71,480	35,295	36,185
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	27,065	13,000	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,525
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	360	190	170	770	385	380
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	55	30	25	35	20	15
Chinese	65	40	25	100	40	65
Black	115	65	45	240	130	110
Filipino	50	20	35	85	25	60
Latin American	15	10	15	70	35	30
Arab	10	10	0	110	70	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	10	0	45	20	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	55	25	30
Japanese	10	0	10	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	10	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	26,705	12,810	13,900	75,705	37,560	38,140
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	27,065	12,995	14,065	76,475	37,950	38,530
North American Aboriginal origins	2,450	1,210	1,235	4,995	2,650	2,340
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,935	970	970	3,645	1,890	1,760
Inuit	40	25	10	40	20	20
Métis	540	255	290	1,545	885	660
Other North American origins	12,385	5,860	6,525	61,455	30,350	31,100
Acadian	650	275	370	5,540	2,810	2,730
American	75	55	20	160	95	65
Canadian	11,920	5,645	6,280	57,910	28,555	29,355
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	50	25	25
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	145	70	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	19,500	9,440	10,060	25,825	12,775	13,055
British Isles origins	16,850	8,220	8,630	10,115	4,890	5,225
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,760	3,305	3,455	3,850	1,775	2,070
Irish	9,410	4,520	4,885	5,820	2,845	2,970
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,420	4,015	4,405	3,210	1,545	1,660
Welsh	395	225	170	35	15	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	315	170	140	155	75	80
French origins	6,785	3,205	3,580	18,780	9,295	9,485
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	0	15	0	15
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,790	3,205	3,585	18,780	9,295	9,485
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,530	730	805	1,095	535	560
Austrian	25	0	15	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	20	25	45	30	15
Dutch	505	195	305	285	120	160
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,025	515	510	750	370	380
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swiss	40	25	15	30	15	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	440	265	170	140	70	75
Danish	85	45	35	65	20	45
Finnish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	245	160	85	40	30	20
Swedish	55	25	30	15	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	0	15	10	0
Eastern European origins	320	135	185	265	140	120
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	55	20	30	40	20	25
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	35	30	60	35	20
Romanian	0	0	10	15	0	0
Russian	60	20	40	30	15	15
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	50	80	95	50	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	420	165	255	720	400	320
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	0	10	20	0	10
Italian	205	90	115	445	260	190
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	100	45	55	105	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	25	55	160	75	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	15	15	95	50	40
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	25	10	15	0	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	75	45	30
Caribbean origins	95	45	45	65	45	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	15	15	10	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	30	20	15
Jamaican	25	10	15	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	15	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	10	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	15	20	80	45	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Colombian	15	0	10	15	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	10	0	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	100	60	35	250	125	120
Central and West African origins	15	10	0	90	45	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	10	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	60	40	20
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20	0	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	15	0	35	15	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	10	0	30	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	65	40	30	70	30	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	35	30	60	30	30
Asian origins	340	165	175	685	300	385
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	125	45	75	315	160	160
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	15	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	105	35	75	160	65	90
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	90	55	40
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	60	30	25	45	15	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	30	10	45	15	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	155	90	75	335	125	205
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	60	25	120	50	65
Filipino	60	25	40	125	30	95
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	15	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	20	30	0	0	0
Australian	40	15	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Owner	9,175	...	...	27,535	...	...
Renter	2,475	...	...	7,110	...	...
Band housing	285	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Condominium	120	...	...	1,060	...	...
Not condominium	11,815	...	...	33,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	11,940	...	...	34,705	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	760	...	...	3,290	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,880	...	...	10,690	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,310	...	...	12,645	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,995	...	...	7,980	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	11,940	...	...	34,705	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,985	...	...	7,800	...	...
5 rooms	2,110	...	...	6,670	...	...
6 rooms	2,285	...	...	6,150	...	...
7 rooms	1,885	...	...	4,585	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,685	...	...	9,490	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,905	...	...	34,590	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Suitable	11,725	...	...	33,995	...	...
Not suitable	210	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
1960 or before	3,285	...	...	6,620	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,890	...	...	13,610	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,860	...	...	6,220	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,475	...	...	4,235	...	...
2001 to 2005	505	...	...	1,270	...	...
2006 to 2010	490	...	...	1,400	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	440	...	...	1,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	10,805	...	...	31,435	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,140	...	...	3,265	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,615	...	...	23,095	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,185	...	...	11,260	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	140	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	11,940	...	...	34,700	...	...
15 to 24 years	305	...	...	595	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,045	...	...	2,840	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,740	...	...	4,680	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,180	...	...	6,885	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,675	...	...	8,365	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,270	...	...	6,760	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,270	...	...	3,405	...	...
85 years and over	445	...	...	1,170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	11,480	...	...	34,495	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,765	...	...	29,425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,715	...	...	5,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,540	...	...	4,560	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,060	...	...	27,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.5	...	...	48.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.1	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	622	...	...	548	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	782	...	...	685	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,394	...	...	100,249	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	143,793	...	...	127,244	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,435	...	...	7,100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.7	...	...	18.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.6	...	...	36.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	661	...	...	573	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	680	...	...	601	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,195	11,050	12,150	67,545	33,335	34,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,495	2,295	2,205	23,255	12,145	11,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,545	3,520	4,020	14,835	6,865	7,975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,155	5,230	5,925	29,455	14,325	15,130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,325	1,710	620	7,650	5,130	2,520
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,210	720	495	4,025	2,300	1,720
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,115	990	125	3,630	2,835	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,380	2,190	3,185	12,995	5,905	7,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	135	220	1,715	455	1,260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,100	1,195	1,900	7,090	2,835	4,260
Bachelor's degree	2,265	775	1,495	5,255	1,950	3,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	90	150	645	290	360
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	75	25	220	120	100
Master's degree	455	240	220	875	410	460
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	15	10	100	60	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,270	6,805	7,470	42,910	21,105	21,810
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,435	840	595	11,060	6,330	4,725
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,670	2,285	2,390	10,025	4,665	5,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,165	3,675	4,485	21,825	10,110	11,715
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,460	1,030	430	4,945	3,200	1,750
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	775	425	355	2,705	1,490	1,220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	685	605	80	2,240	1,710	530
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,100	1,700	2,405	10,395	4,680	5,715
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	230	85	145	1,190	315	875
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,365	860	1,505	5,285	1,910	3,370
Bachelor's degree	1,760	580	1,180	3,985	1,435	2,555
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	175	55	120	465	165	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	55	30	185	85	95
Master's degree	335	165	170	575	195	390
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	60	35	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,195	11,050	12,150	67,545	33,335	34,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,045	5,815	6,225	38,090	19,010	19,075
Education	1,085	350	735	2,590	715	1,875
13. Education	1,085	355	730	2,595	715	1,880
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	95	60	360	150	205
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	30	15	65	55	10
50. Visual and performing arts	110	65	50	295	100	195
Humanities	440	175	265	555	240	315
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	65	0	60
23. English language and literature/letters	100	35	65	60	10	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	40	95	190	70	125
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	50	50	85	65	20
54. History	55	35	25	75	50	25
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	25	70	30	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	785	190	590	1,500	360	1,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	20	10	70	30	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	250	15	240	745	65	685
22. Legal professions and studies	80	15	65	170	70	100
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	40	0	35
42. Psychology	175	35	140	250	80	175
45. Social sciences	230	110	125	225	115	110
Business, management and public administration	2,110	475	1,635	5,975	1,470	4,505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	345	50	290	525	100	425
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,760	425	1,335	5,440	1,365	4,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	230	140	90	455	265	185
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	55	55	140	65	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	35	65	35	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	0	15
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	155	120	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	30	10	75	40	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	120	90	700	385	315
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	155	90	70	565	345	220
25. Library science	15	0	15	90	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	25	10	40	20	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,660	2,525	135	8,375	8,185	190
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	20	20	0
14. Engineering	120	110	15	430	410	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	435	365	70	1,170	1,100	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	705	680	25	2,420	2,375	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	835	830	10	2,405	2,380	30
48. Precision production	555	540	15	1,930	1,900	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	175	40	550	430	125
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	30	25	230	140	90
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	145	15	320	290	35
Health and related fields	2,055	305	1,745	5,480	795	4,690
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	30	40	150	100	55
51. Health professions and related programs	1,960	250	1,705	5,270	650	4,620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	25	0	60	45	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,220	685	530	2,920	1,335	1,580
12. Personal and culinary services	570	140	430	1,670	200	1,470
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	370	280	85	315	230	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	240	10	910	885	25
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,270	6,800	7,470	42,910	21,105	21,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,105	3,125	2,985	21,085	10,995	10,090
Education	735	240	495	1,540	350	1,190
13. Education	735	240	495	1,540	345	1,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	70	45	280	125	150
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	15	45	40	10
50. Visual and performing arts	75	45	30	235	90	150
Humanities	310	125	185	330	130	205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	45	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	65	20	45	35	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	30	65	110	35	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	35	35	50	35	20
54. History	40	30	15	55	35	10
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	35	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	630	145	485	1,165	225	940
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	10	55	30	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	15	190	610	45	560
22. Legal professions and studies	65	0	60	135	40	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	40	0	35
42. Psychology	135	25	110	175	45	125
45. Social sciences	190	85	105	150	55	90
Business, management and public administration	1,695	390	1,300	4,810	1,125	3,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	35	245	405	70	340
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,405	360	1,045	4,395	1,060	3,335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	90	70	320	160	160
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	35	40	105	50	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	25	40	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	15
40. Physical sciences	20	20	0	90	65	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	25	0	60	30	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	85	55	590	315	275
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	75	50	495	295	200
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	10	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,760	1,645	115	5,820	5,670	145
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	20	20	0
14. Engineering	75	65	15	315	305	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	365	305	60	915	855	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	440	425	15	1,560	1,535	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	490	480	10	1,650	1,620	30
48. Precision production	385	375	0	1,355	1,335	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	130	30	445	340	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	20	20	180	105	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	110	10	265	235	30
Health and related fields	1,530	230	1,300	4,250	655	3,595
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	15	30	125	80	45
51. Health professions and related programs	1,465	195	1,270	4,075	545	3,535
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	20	0	50	35	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	925	520	405	2,270	1,015	1,255
12. Personal and culinary services	420	80	340	1,285	125	1,155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	290	230	60	215	140	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	205	0	755	730	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,200	11,050	12,150	67,540	33,335	34,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,040	5,815	6,225	38,090	19,010	19,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,155	5,230	5,925	29,455	14,325	15,130
Location of study inside Canada	10,735	5,010	5,725	28,975	14,070	14,905
Same as province or territory of residence	8,750	4,030	4,715	24,635	11,780	12,855
Different than province or territory of residence	1,990	975	1,010	4,340	2,290	2,050
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	415	220	195	480	255	225
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	220	120	95	155	75	80
Philippines	25	10	20	35	15	20
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	30	0	25	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	20	10	15
France	10	0	0	70	45	30
Other	125	55	65	180	105	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,265	6,800	7,470	42,910	21,105	21,805
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,105	3,125	2,985	21,085	10,990	10,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,160	3,680	4,485	21,820	10,110	11,715
Location of study inside Canada	7,895	3,550	4,350	21,515	9,955	11,565
Same as province or territory of residence	6,425	2,840	3,585	18,475	8,485	9,990
Different than province or territory of residence	1,475	705	765	3,040	1,475	1,565
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	260	130	135	305	155	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	145	75	70	80	30	45
Philippines	20	10	20	25	10	20
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	10	10	0	35	30	10
Other	80	35	40	145	85	60
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	23,195	11,045	12,145	67,545	33,335	34,205
In the labour force	13,455	6,750	6,710	37,080	19,690	17,390
Employed	11,465	5,450	6,020	31,415	15,740	15,670
Unemployed	1,995	1,300	690	5,660	3,945	1,715
Not in the labour force	9,735	4,295	5,440	30,465	13,645	16,815
Participation rate	58.0	61.1	55.2	54.9	59.1	50.8
Employment rate	49.4	49.3	49.6	46.5	47.2	45.8
Unemployment rate	14.8	19.3	10.3	15.3	20.0	9.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	23,195	11,045	12,150	67,540	33,335	34,205
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	9,150	4,085	5,060	27,490	12,035	15,455
Worked	14,050	6,965	7,085	40,050	21,295	18,750
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,650	3,240	3,405	14,205	6,940	7,265
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,400	3,720	3,685	25,850	14,365	11,485
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.7	38.7	40.7	35.4	33.5	37.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	13,460	6,745	6,710	37,075	19,685	17,390
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	330	210	125	790	450	340
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,125	6,535	6,590	36,285	19,240	17,045
Employee	12,200	5,975	6,220	33,315	17,335	15,985
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	930	565	365	2,970	1,905	1,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	13,460	6,750	6,710	37,075	19,685	17,390
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	335	210	125	790	445	340
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,125	6,535	6,585	36,290	19,240	17,045
0 Management occupations	1,020	585	430	2,500	1,500	1,005
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,050	560	1,495	4,210	905	3,305
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	380	75	1,315	1,095	225
3 Health occupations	1,205	185	1,015	3,325	540	2,780
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,770	610	1,155	3,365	855	2,505
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	80	65	505	205	300
6 Sales and service occupations	3,460	1,335	2,120	8,350	3,070	5,280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,170	2,065	105	7,105	6,820	280
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	365	340	30	2,645	2,355	295
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	490	400	90	2,975	1,900	1,075
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	13,460	6,750	6,710	37,075	19,690	17,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	335	210	120	785	450	340
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,125	6,540	6,585	36,290	19,240	17,045
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	280	240	35	2,795	2,415	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	265	255	10	940	850	90
22 Utilities	80	75	10	230	200	30
23 Construction	1,055	970	85	3,330	3,125	210
31-33 Manufacturing	835	670	165	4,630	3,155	1,475
41 Wholesale trade	280	205	75	705	560	145
44-45 Retail trade	2,020	860	1,160	4,750	2,120	2,620
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	460	360	100	1,045	825	220
51 Information and cultural industries	130	70	65	355	195	160
52 Finance and insurance	180	45	135	1,105	320	785
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	35	40	205	115	90
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	460	235	230	990	555	430
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	15	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	760	375	385	870	520	350
61 Educational services	995	350	650	2,350	700	1,645
62 Health care and social assistance	1,975	305	1,665	5,390	930	4,460
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	75	50	420	220	200
72 Accommodation and food services	850	280	570	2,250	575	1,680
81 Other services (except public administration)	635	300	335	1,810	860	950
91 Public administration	1,650	825	825	2,105	985	1,115
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,465	5,445	6,020	31,415	15,740	15,670
Worked at home	440	180	255	1,615	800	815
Worked outside Canada	30	20	10	110	105	0
No fixed workplace address	1,275	970	305	4,300	3,330	965
Worked at usual place	9,725	4,280	5,440	25,390	11,510	13,885
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,720	4,280	5,445	25,395	11,505	13,885
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,955	2,530	3,425	10,065	4,225	5,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,165	1,305	1,855	12,900	5,495	7,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	345	215	130	1,770	1,230	540
Commute to a different province or territory	260	230	30	665	560	105
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,000	5,245	5,750	29,690	14,835	14,850
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,275	4,455	4,815	25,755	12,605	13,155
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	935	335	600	1,815	795	1,015
Public transit	220	150	70	425	375	50
Walked	355	155	200	860	385	475
Bicycle	0	0	10	80	55	25
Other method	215	150	60	750	620	130
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,995	5,250	5,745	29,690	14,835	14,850
Less than 15 minutes	5,110	2,320	2,790	13,855	6,390	7,460
15 to 29 minutes	4,210	1,885	2,330	9,945	4,600	5,345
30 to 44 minutes	980	540	435	3,335	1,970	1,370
45 to 59 minutes	250	140	110	1,180	760	420
60 minutes and over	445	365	85	1,370	1,115	260
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,000	5,245	5,750	29,690	14,840	14,855
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	755	540	215	2,015	1,605	410
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,825	1,010	810	4,520	2,595	1,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,540	1,650	1,890	10,550	5,070	5,480
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,260	805	1,460	5,970	2,130	3,840
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	930	350	580	1,890	555	1,340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,690	895	800	4,750	2,885	1,865
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	14,500	7,175	7,325	41,315	21,925	19,395
Single responses	14,215	7,070	7,145	38,430	20,505	17,925
Official languages	14,210	7,070	7,145	38,425	20,495	17,925
English	13,860	6,930	6,925	8,500	5,445	3,055
French	350	135	215	29,915	15,050	14,865
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	285	105	185	2,880	1,420	1,465
English and French	280	105	170	2,870	1,410	1,460
English and non-official language	10	0	10	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	14,505	7,175	7,325	41,315	21,925	19,390
None	12,850	6,495	6,355	26,345	13,950	12,395
English	210	85	130	10,775	5,340	5,430
French	1,405	575	825	4,130	2,595	1,530
Non-official language	30	15	10	45	25	15
Aboriginal	25	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	45	30	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	10	15	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	26,855	12,875	13,980	76,005	37,705	38,300
Non-movers	24,525	11,805	12,715	70,250	34,875	35,375
Movers	2,330	1,070	1,265	5,755	2,825	2,925
Non-migrants	1,355	635	725	3,370	1,640	1,730
Migrants	970	430	545	2,380	1,190	1,195
Internal migrants	920	415	505	2,275	1,145	1,130
Intraprovincial migrants	600	260	345	1,750	830	930
Interprovincial migrants	315	155	160	520	320	205
External migrants	55	15	40	105	45	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	25,790	12,335	13,460	73,820	36,570	37,250
Non-movers	19,370	9,405	9,965	57,585	28,970	28,615
Movers	6,425	2,930	3,490	16,235	7,605	8,630
Non-migrants	3,755	1,740	2,010	9,210	4,280	4,930
Migrants	2,670	1,190	1,480	7,025	3,325	3,695
Internal migrants	2,565	1,145	1,420	6,760	3,190	3,575
Intraprovincial migrants	1,580	680	895	5,040	2,340	2,695
Interprovincial migrants	990	465	525	1,720	845	875
External migrants	105	45	60	265	140	125

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Gloucester, CT [Census division], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Miramichi [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Gloucester, County [Census division], New Brunswick