Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ontario [Province] and Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ontario [Province]			Halifax, RGM Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Ontario [Province]  Map : Ontario [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	13,448,494	...	...	403,131	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	12,851,821	...	...	390,086r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.6	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	5,598,391	...	...	187,338	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	5,169,174	...	...	173,324	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14.8	...	...	73.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	908,699.33	...	...	5,490.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105	403,130	195,210	207,920
0 to 14 years	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350	60,510	30,900	29,615
0 to 4 years	697,360	357,300	340,055	19,785	10,080	9,705
5 to 9 years	756,085	387,320	368,765	20,745	10,620	10,125
10 to 14 years	754,530	387,000	367,530	19,985	10,200	9,785
15 to 64 years	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750	279,525	136,210	143,315
15 to 19 years	811,670	416,730	394,945	22,330	11,310	11,020
20 to 24 years	894,390	457,815	436,570	30,205	15,005	15,200
25 to 29 years	874,350	436,345	438,010	30,185	15,170	15,015
30 to 34 years	864,765	420,800	443,965	27,470	13,490	13,980
35 to 39 years	842,485	402,900	439,585	25,700	12,285	13,415
40 to 44 years	871,875	418,465	453,415	26,640	12,805	13,830
45 to 49 years	937,385	453,105	484,275	27,715	13,165	14,550
50 to 54 years	1,056,345	517,170	539,175	32,640	15,850	16,795
55 to 59 years	989,460	482,280	507,180	30,590	14,805	15,790
60 to 64 years	846,145	406,505	439,640	26,050	12,325	13,720
65 years and over	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000	63,095	28,100	34,990
65 to 69 years	737,745	352,475	385,270	22,495	10,625	11,875
70 to 74 years	528,645	250,455	278,185	15,500	7,240	8,255
75 to 79 years	393,010	179,810	213,195	10,430	4,695	5,735
80 to 84 years	291,185	126,825	164,360	7,490	3,195	4,295
85 years and over	301,075	106,090	194,985	7,185	2,350	4,830
85 to 89 years	188,470	73,045	115,425	4,405	1,585	2,815
90 to 94 years	88,390	27,400	60,990	2,115	610	1,505
95 to 99 years	21,210	5,150	16,060	605	145	460
100 years and over	3,005	495	2,520	55	10	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	17.3	15.6	15.0	15.8	14.2
15 to 64 years	66.8	67.3	66.4	69.3	69.8	68.9
65 years and over	16.7	15.5	17.9	15.7	14.4	16.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.8	1.2	2.3
Average age of the population	41.0	40.0	41.9	40.8	39.9	41.8
Median age of the population	41.3	40.2	42.4	41.0	39.8	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	5,169,175	...	...	173,325	...	...
Single-detached house	2,807,380	...	...	86,585	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	886,705	...	...	21,005	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,460,200	...	...	61,745	...	...
Semi-detached house	289,975	...	...	11,785	...	...
Row house	460,425	...	...	6,660	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	176,080	...	...	6,270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	522,810	...	...	36,795	...	...
Other single-attached house	10,910	...	...	235	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	14,890	...	...	3,995	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	5,169,170	...	...	173,325	...	...
1 person	1,341,300	...	...	51,120	...	...
2 persons	1,693,525	...	...	64,375	...	...
3 persons	834,260	...	...	27,245	...	...
4 persons	796,320	...	...	21,020	...	...
5 or more persons	503,775	...	...	9,565	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,242,160	...	...	397,370	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750	342,620	164,315	178,305
Married or living common law	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795	192,490	96,070	96,415
Married	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655	154,005	76,885	77,125
Living common law	906,155	455,015	451,145	38,485	19,185	19,295
Not married and not living common law	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955	150,125	68,245	81,885
Never married	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605	102,350	52,820	49,535
Separated	328,675	138,140	190,535	9,775	4,175	5,595
Divorced	653,835	252,900	400,935	20,590	7,605	12,985
Widowed	637,150	128,265	508,880	17,410	3,650	13,765
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	3,782,540	...	...	113,560	...	...
2 persons	1,815,000	...	...	62,535	...	...
3 persons	844,545	...	...	24,865	...	...
4 persons	792,435	...	...	19,235	...	...
5 or more persons	330,560	...	...	6,915	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	3,782,545	...	...	113,555	...	...
Total couple families	3,137,570	...	...	94,690	...	...
Married couples	2,684,735	...	...	75,450	...	...
Common-law couples	452,840	...	...	19,235	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	644,975	...	...	18,870	...	...
Female parent	518,480	...	...	15,245	...	...
Male parent	126,495	...	...	3,620	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,137,565	...	...	94,685	...	...
Couples without children	1,428,575	...	...	50,605	...	...
Couples with children	1,708,995	...	...	44,075	...	...
1 child	658,305	...	...	19,595	...	...
2 children	738,710	...	...	17,945	...	...
3 or more children	311,975	...	...	6,545	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	644,975	...	...	18,870	...	...
1 child	386,425	...	...	11,930	...	...
2 children	186,240	...	...	5,275	...	...
3 or more children	72,310	...	...	1,665	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300	84,120	39,360	44,760
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	5,169,175	...	...	173,325	...	...
One-census-family households	3,481,885	...	...	108,935	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	1,311,575	...	...	48,730	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	2,170,315	...	...	60,205	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	145,615	...	...	2,285	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,541,665	...	...	62,100	...	...
One-person households	1,341,305	...	...	51,120	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	200,365	...	...	10,985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,315	193,620	205,700
English only	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665	347,190	170,795	176,400
French only	40,040	17,340	22,705	340	160	185
English and French	1,490,390	665,850	824,540	49,575	21,645	27,925
Neither English nor French	326,935	130,850	196,085	2,210	1,025	1,185
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995	399,315	193,620	205,700
English	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355	386,095	187,165	198,935
French	504,130	236,875	267,250	9,895	4,910	4,985
English and French	92,940	42,910	50,030	1,210	575	640
Neither English nor French	321,480	128,125	193,355	2,115	970	1,140
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	550,600	258,330	292,270	10,500	5,200	5,305
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	4.1	4.0	4.3	2.6	2.7	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,315	193,615	205,700
Single responses	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330	394,160	191,080	203,085
Official languages	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520	363,305	175,400	187,910
English	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110	353,165	170,405	182,760
French	490,715	231,310	259,410	10,140	4,990	5,145
Non-official languages	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810	30,855	15,680	15,175
Aboriginal languages	22,765	10,815	11,950	75	35	35
Algonquian languages	21,235	10,175	11,060	60	35	25
Blackfoot	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,080	2,485	2,595	5	5	0
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	85	40	45	0	0	0
Naskapi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	55	25	30	0	0	0
Plains Cree	35	5	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	355	135	225	5	0	0
Woods Cree	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	4,500	2,255	2,245	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	90	40	50	55	30	20
Malecite	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	85	35	50	50	30	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	16,025	7,620	8,400	0	0	5
Algonquin	65	30	35	0	0	0
Ojibway	9,505	4,515	4,985	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	6,310	3,015	3,300	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	145	65	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	60	20	40	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	55	20	35	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	475	165	305	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	425	145	280	10	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	710	300	410	0	0	0
Cayuga	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	590	255	335	0	0	0
Oneida	55	15	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	25	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	130	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865	30,780	15,645	15,140
Afro-Asiatic languages	253,830	127,720	126,110	7,020	3,850	3,170
Berber languages	725	405	320	10	10	0
Kabyle	425	225	200	0	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	305	180	120	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	24,605	10,730	13,870	115	60	60
Bilen	250	140	110	5	0	0
Oromo	1,445	720	730	55	35	25
Somali	22,680	9,755	12,925	50	20	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	225	115	110	5	0	5
Semitic languages	227,985	116,320	111,665	6,895	3,780	3,115
Amharic	10,720	4,960	5,760	110	45	60
Arabic	171,370	88,400	82,965	6,430	3,545	2,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	14,555	7,135	7,420	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	4,795	2,365	2,425	0	0	5
Harari	1,030	485	545	0	0	0
Hebrew	11,575	6,220	5,350	195	110	90
Maltese	5,175	2,575	2,600	5	5	0
Tigrigna	7,345	3,470	3,870	145	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,435	705	730	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	520	265	250	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	78,125	35,880	42,240	400	195	205
Khmer (Cambodian)	7,355	3,330	4,020	5	0	5
Vietnamese	70,690	32,520	38,165	395	195	205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	30	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	194,380	76,060	118,315	1,665	725	935
Bikol	595	260	330	5	0	0
Cebuano	6,545	2,500	4,045	105	50	65
Fijian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,750	1,030	1,725	15	10	10
Ilocano	11,285	4,430	6,860	45	15	35
Malagasy	100	45	55	0	0	0
Malay	5,760	2,520	3,240	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,505	670	840	10	5	5
Pangasinan	535	215	315	0	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	163,415	63,665	99,755	1,420	625	790
Waray-Waray	405	140	270	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,400	550	850	15	5	10
Creole languages	11,255	5,095	6,165	55	40	15
Haitian Creole	630	290	340	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	8,025	3,580	4,440	30	25	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,605	1,225	1,380	25	20	10
Dravidian languages	148,605	73,530	75,075	875	510	360
Kannada	2,670	1,365	1,305	25	15	10
Malayalam	17,140	8,795	8,350	310	165	145
Tamil	117,630	57,310	60,320	260	155	100
Telugu	10,820	5,895	4,925	270	170	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	340	165	175	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	525	250	270	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165	12,660	6,405	6,255
Albanian	19,045	9,535	9,510	250	125	125
Armenian	15,070	7,305	7,765	30	25	10
Balto-Slavic languages	410,725	188,695	222,025	2,790	1,350	1,440
Baltic languages	9,080	3,785	5,295	55	15	45
Latvian	3,910	1,650	2,260	25	10	20
Lithuanian	5,175	2,135	3,035	30	5	25
Slavic languages	401,645	184,915	216,730	2,735	1,335	1,395
Belarusan	515	230	280	5	5	0
Bosnian	6,370	3,125	3,245	115	60	60
Bulgarian	9,095	4,355	4,740	40	20	25
Croatian	31,875	15,460	16,410	185	90	95
Czech	10,670	4,930	5,740	140	70	70
Macedonian	15,635	7,470	8,165	15	5	5
Polish	121,075	54,675	66,405	590	285	305
Russian	101,100	45,630	55,470	1,150	565	590
Serbian	41,740	20,585	21,150	110	50	60
Serbo-Croatian	4,875	2,310	2,570	80	40	40
Slovak	10,280	4,710	5,565	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	6,740	2,995	3,745	20	10	15
Ukrainian	40,375	17,760	22,610	190	95	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	1,310	670	635	5	0	0
Celtic languages	1,110	505	605	45	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	450	210	240	25	10	20
Welsh	435	180	260	15	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	225	120	110	5	0	5
Germanic languages	200,640	94,475	106,165	2,070	995	1,080
Afrikaans	2,295	1,125	1,170	80	40	35
Danish	4,265	2,010	2,250	95	60	40
Dutch	51,720	24,875	26,840	490	235	255
Frisian	1,240	630	620	5	0	5
German	131,525	61,520	70,005	1,205	550	645
Icelandic	210	100	110	30	20	15
Norwegian	940	405	540	70	45	30
Swedish	2,395	1,040	1,350	60	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	2,150	925	1,225	15	10	5
Yiddish	3,735	1,765	1,970	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	170	80	85	5	0	5
Greek	55,415	27,305	28,110	660	335	325
Indo-Iranian languages	707,845	357,350	350,495	4,300	2,350	1,950
Indo-Aryan languages	565,600	285,720	279,875	2,950	1,645	1,300
Bengali	46,810	23,615	23,195	440	270	170
Gujarati	76,675	38,740	37,940	175	110	60
Hindi	58,735	29,805	28,930	660	395	265
Kashmiri	345	170	175	5	5	5
Konkani	2,510	1,195	1,315	5	5	5
Marathi	5,490	2,805	2,685	60	35	25
Nepali	7,870	3,915	3,960	525	250	270
Oriya (Odia)	715	380	335	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	197,060	100,160	96,895	475	250	220
Sindhi	6,840	3,225	3,615	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10,165	4,925	5,235	140	70	70
Urdu	152,385	76,795	75,595	435	245	190
Iranian languages	139,675	70,270	69,405	1,330	690	640
Kurdish	6,665	3,615	3,050	115	65	50
Pashto	10,950	5,630	5,315	65	40	30
Persian (Farsi)	122,070	61,025	61,040	1,145	585	565
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,565	1,350	1,215	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	614,525	295,030	319,490	2,515	1,205	1,305
Catalan	285	150	135	10	5	5
Italian	231,040	112,440	118,600	555	285	265
Portuguese	150,000	72,280	77,715	385	185	200
Romanian	41,755	19,565	22,190	185	90	95
Spanish	191,025	90,390	100,630	1,375	640	740
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	420	200	215	5	0	0
Japanese	13,260	4,590	8,670	250	70	185
Kartvelian languages	1,200	635	565	0	0	0
Georgian	1,200	635	565	0	0	0
Korean	69,775	32,035	37,740	905	380	520
Mongolic languages	405	180	220	5	0	0
Mongolian	405	180	225	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	35,760	16,705	19,050	535	270	260
Akan (Twi)	9,695	4,510	5,190	35	15	20
Bamanankan	140	60	80	5	0	5
Edo	1,140	475	670	5	0	5
Ewe	560	270	295	35	25	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	365	180	185	0	5	0
Ga	600	275	325	10	5	0
Ganda	760	360	400	20	5	10
Igbo	2,090	1,080	1,010	35	20	15
Lingala	850	365	485	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,430	640	785	20	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,330	545	785	45	15	30
Shona	1,455	660	790	25	15	10
Swahili	5,525	2,540	2,985	120	55	60
Wolof	290	145	150	5	0	0
Yoruba	4,365	2,260	2,105	50	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5,155	2,345	2,810	120	60	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,610	810	800	65	35	30
Dinka	345	170	175	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,260	635	625	55	30	25
Sign languages	3,030	1,570	1,455	115	55	60
American Sign Language	1,305	640	670	55	25	25
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,700	925	780	60	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	611,795	284,865	326,935	5,500	2,745	2,755
Chinese languages	602,610	280,340	322,270	5,480	2,735	2,740
Cantonese	275,315	128,090	147,220	930	430	495
Hakka	6,985	3,140	3,840	20	10	10
Mandarin	283,735	132,275	151,460	3,950	1,975	1,975
Min Dong	855	405	450	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,545	6,240	7,300	95	45	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,300	2,825	3,470	45	30	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	15,645	7,235	8,410	430	250	180
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	240	120	120	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	9,185	4,520	4,660	20	10	10
Burmese	1,640	775	865	5	0	5
Karenic languages	1,730	865	860	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,115	2,530	2,585	10	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	700	345	350	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	8,485	3,535	4,945	90	35	55
Lao	5,190	2,480	2,710	5	5	5
Thai	3,270	1,045	2,220	85	35	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,615	11,745	10,870	385	210	175
Azerbaijani	1,990	1,070	920	15	10	5
Turkish	18,415	9,610	8,810	255	135	120
Uyghur	515	255	260	5	5	5
Uzbek	1,055	515	545	110	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	640	295	345	10	5	5
Uralic languages	50,670	23,095	27,570	235	105	135
Estonian	4,205	1,810	2,400	25	15	15
Finnish	9,720	4,140	5,580	35	10	25
Hungarian	36,740	17,150	19,590	180	80	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,475	780	690	20	10	15
Multiple responses	365,910	176,250	189,660	5,155	2,535	2,615
English and French	54,045	25,165	28,880	1,775	815	965
English and non-official language	288,285	140,345	147,940	3,040	1,555	1,480
French and non-official language	12,565	5,735	6,830	175	90	80
English, French and non-official language	11,010	5,000	6,005	160	75	80
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,315	193,620	205,700
Single responses	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085	391,025	189,440	201,580
Official languages	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300	374,620	181,095	193,520
English	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800	370,955	179,295	191,660
French	277,045	129,540	147,500	3,665	1,805	1,860
Non-official languages	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780	16,405	8,345	8,060
Aboriginal languages	9,210	4,600	4,610	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	8,685	4,370	4,320	20	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,370	1,205	1,165	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	10	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	105	50	55	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	2,220	1,135	1,085	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	10	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	10	10	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	6,305	3,155	3,145	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	3,315	1,695	1,620	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	2,905	1,420	1,490	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	160	60	90	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	140	60	80	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	210	90	120	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	185	80	100	0	0	0
Oneida	20	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	120	55	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170	16,385	8,335	8,055
Afro-Asiatic languages	138,460	66,865	71,590	4,195	2,215	1,980
Berber languages	345	175	170	0	0	0
Kabyle	255	125	130	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,460	6,100	8,360	75	35	40
Bilen	170	80	85	5	5	0
Oromo	805	380	425	40	25	20
Somali	13,370	5,590	7,780	25	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	110	50	65	0	0	0
Semitic languages	123,410	60,475	62,940	4,115	2,180	1,940
Amharic	5,625	2,540	3,085	50	25	30
Arabic	94,195	46,505	47,695	3,845	2,040	1,805
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	9,515	4,595	4,920	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,915	1,410	1,500	0	0	0
Harari	555	250	305	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,850	2,505	2,345	115	65	55
Maltese	1,090	505	580	0	0	0
Tigrigna	3,920	1,805	2,115	95	40	55
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	755	360	395	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	245	115	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50,245	23,105	27,140	255	130	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,770	1,650	2,120	0	0	0
Vietnamese	46,435	21,435	25,000	255	130	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85,370	36,525	48,845	890	430	460
Bikol	90	35	55	0	0	0
Cebuano	2,325	1,020	1,315	50	20	30
Fijian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	910	385	530	5	5	5
Ilocano	4,100	1,780	2,320	10	5	5
Malagasy	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malay	1,810	860	945	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	445	200	250	0	0	0
Pangasinan	90	40	50	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75,070	31,965	43,105	820	405	420
Waray-Waray	90	35	55	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	380	175	200	0	0	0
Creole languages	5,325	2,355	2,970	20	15	5
Haitian Creole	355	165	190	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	3,995	1,735	2,255	5	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	975	455	520	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	96,250	46,575	49,680	395	225	170
Kannada	1,060	540	520	10	5	5
Malayalam	8,760	4,460	4,295	135	75	60
Tamil	80,600	38,460	42,140	120	65	50
Telugu	5,705	3,050	2,655	125	75	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	125	55	70	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	200	95	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	978,300	469,640	508,670	5,505	2,760	2,740
Albanian	9,190	4,580	4,605	110	55	55
Armenian	8,630	4,065	4,560	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	192,945	90,585	102,365	1,275	625	650
Baltic languages	2,305	950	1,355	15	5	10
Latvian	860	350	515	5	5	5
Lithuanian	1,440	600	840	15	5	10
Slavic languages	190,645	89,635	101,005	1,260	615	635
Belarusan	175	80	90	0	0	0
Bosnian	3,220	1,595	1,620	65	30	30
Bulgarian	4,830	2,350	2,480	20	15	10
Croatian	11,125	5,275	5,855	60	25	35
Czech	3,070	1,480	1,595	40	25	15
Macedonian	6,255	2,965	3,285	0	0	0
Polish	52,555	24,510	28,045	180	80	100
Russian	63,570	29,655	33,920	735	370	370
Serbian	23,175	11,335	11,840	60	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	1,925	920	1,010	30	20	15
Slovak	3,520	1,680	1,845	20	5	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,465	645	815	0	0	5
Ukrainian	15,415	6,995	8,420	45	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	355	160	190	0	0	0
Celtic languages	120	65	55	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	60	30	25	15	10	5
Welsh	30	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	44,515	21,630	22,880	360	175	185
Afrikaans	755	365	390	20	15	10
Danish	280	135	150	10	0	5
Dutch	4,450	2,145	2,305	45	20	25
Frisian	90	45	45	0	0	0
German	37,255	18,140	19,120	235	115	125
Icelandic	45	20	30	25	10	15
Norwegian	70	30	40	15	5	5
Swedish	385	190	190	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	145	60	85	0	0	0
Yiddish	370	190	185	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	655	315	340	0	0	0
Greek	21,700	10,160	11,535	245	120	125
Indo-Iranian languages	435,835	215,755	220,080	2,545	1,335	1,210
Indo-Aryan languages	344,050	171,125	172,920	1,650	885	765
Bengali	29,590	14,595	14,995	230	125	105
Gujarati	45,445	22,410	23,035	95	60	30
Hindi	28,960	14,485	14,475	285	180	110
Kashmiri	65	30	35	5	0	0
Konkani	540	260	280	0	0	0
Marathi	2,420	1,230	1,190	30	15	15
Nepali	5,640	2,815	2,820	475	235	240
Oriya (Odia)	325	160	165	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	132,135	66,410	65,725	205	105	105
Sindhi	2,880	1,320	1,560	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	4,595	2,250	2,345	80	45	45
Urdu	91,450	45,160	46,295	250	130	120
Iranian languages	90,730	44,090	46,640	895	445	450
Kurdish	3,675	1,900	1,770	85	45	35
Pashto	6,750	3,360	3,395	35	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	80,305	38,830	41,475	780	385	395
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,050	540	515	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	265,375	122,790	142,585	935	435	500
Catalan	135	60	75	0	0	0
Italian	72,960	31,195	41,770	130	55	70
Portuguese	67,415	32,065	35,355	150	70	85
Romanian	19,920	9,380	10,535	60	30	30
Spanish	104,820	50,035	54,785	585	275	310
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	0	0	0
Japanese	6,040	2,590	3,450	80	30	55
Kartvelian languages	770	420	355	0	0	0
Georgian	775	420	355	0	0	0
Korean	48,540	22,685	25,855	610	270	340
Mongolic languages	225	115	110	0	0	0
Mongolian	230	120	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	12,120	5,400	6,725	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	4,415	1,915	2,495	5	0	5
Bamanankan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	305	120	180	0	0	0
Ewe	135	60	80	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Ga	175	80	100	5	5	0
Ganda	195	85	110	5	0	5
Igbo	540	265	275	10	5	5
Lingala	225	100	130	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	475	230	240	10	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	420	160	260	20	5	10
Shona	455	210	245	0	0	0
Swahili	2,085	925	1,160	55	25	30
Wolof	130	65	65	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,300	625	675	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,120	500	625	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	550	260	290	30	15	15
Dinka	120	60	65	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	425	195	225	25	10	10
Sign languages	4,425	2,485	1,940	155	75	80
American Sign Language	1,605	830	770	65	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	2,795	1,640	1,150	90	45	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	448,200	210,560	237,640	3,830	1,965	1,865
Chinese languages	441,615	207,305	234,310	3,825	1,965	1,860
Cantonese	198,745	91,545	107,200	525	275	250
Hakka	2,870	1,305	1,575	5	5	5
Mandarin	220,535	105,360	115,175	2,935	1,475	1,460
Min Dong	265	115	145	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,775	2,635	3,140	40	25	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,690	1,735	1,955	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	9,630	4,565	5,070	295	175	120
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,580	3,250	3,330	5	0	5
Burmese	1,010	480	530	0	0	0
Karenic languages	1,360	685	675	0	0	0
Tibetan	3,875	1,925	1,945	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	165	170	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,865	1,845	2,020	30	10	15
Lao	2,535	1,220	1,315	5	0	0
Thai	1,315	615	695	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	12,435	6,200	6,230	195	100	90
Azerbaijani	770	385	380	5	5	5
Turkish	10,545	5,245	5,300	120	65	55
Uyghur	290	150	140	0	0	0
Uzbek	585	290	295	70	40	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15,330	6,990	8,340	50	25	25
Estonian	790	290	500	5	0	0
Finnish	1,835	780	1,050	5	0	0
Hungarian	12,700	5,915	6,790	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	465	245	225	10	5	5
Multiple responses	790,825	379,925	410,905	8,290	4,175	4,110
English and French	45,655	20,895	24,755	1,155	535	625
English and non-official language	719,595	347,730	371,865	6,810	3,475	3,335
French and non-official language	6,725	2,930	3,795	65	35	25
English, French and non-official language	18,855	8,365	10,490	260	130	135
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,315	193,620	205,700
None	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000	370,395	179,625	190,765
English	896,170	437,015	459,155	9,220	4,720	4,500
French	243,970	108,390	135,580	8,480	3,705	4,775
Non-official language	1,056,960	501,315	555,645	10,600	5,285	5,315
Aboriginal	14,315	6,580	7,735	105	45	55
Non-Aboriginal	1,042,645	494,735	547,910	10,500	5,240	5,260
English and French	8,150	3,755	4,395	125	55	70
English and non-official language	19,105	9,370	9,735	185	90	105
French and non-official language	16,435	7,165	9,270	305	140	165
English, French and non-official language	415	205	215	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	336,980	161,865	175,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475	323,610	155,400	168,210
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,539	39,889	28,676	36,098	42,887	31,010
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975	323,720	155,415	168,310
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,641	35,753	26,585	31,759	36,917	27,849
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675	293,375	143,380	149,995
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,871	39,831	27,012	34,903	41,773	29,211
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770	223,275	93,630	129,645
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,206	2,034	5,463	4,492	3,888	4,733
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350	243,265	121,755	121,510
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,946	39,490	29,413	34,247	40,179	29,596
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	336,985	161,860	175,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580	323,895	155,370	168,520
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,915	56,780	39,585	46,440	55,063	38,490
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210	324,005	155,400	168,605
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,318	45,443	33,564	37,510	43,449	32,036
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415	293,535	143,480	150,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,890	57,511	38,459	45,953	55,184	37,127
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475	223,870	93,325	130,550
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,346	6,763	7,815	6,935	6,830	7,011
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985	243,290	121,815	121,475
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,369	55,263	39,057	44,086	51,876	36,275
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	336,985	161,860	175,125
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900	125,025	67,355	57,675
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,121	60,345	49,713	51,716	58,006	45,767
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	68,628	76,536	58,676	61,480	69,028	52,665
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.9	92.1	84.7	89.6	92.4	86.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.9	76.0	68.7	71.3	74.0	67.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.1	7.9	15.3	10.4	7.6	14.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	336,980	161,865	175,115
Without total income	481,500	227,390	254,115	13,370	6,470	6,905
With total income	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475	323,605	155,395	168,210
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.7	95.5	96.0	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,615,790	711,105	904,685	44,140	19,460	24,675
$10,000 to $19,999	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645	49,850	19,060	30,790
$20,000 to $29,999	1,410,760	589,975	820,785	43,080	16,930	26,150
$30,000 to $39,999	1,147,510	519,550	627,955	40,175	17,330	22,840
$40,000 to $49,999	1,021,880	489,595	532,285	35,100	16,240	18,860
$50,000 to $59,999	809,115	415,950	393,165	27,065	14,185	12,880
$60,000 to $69,999	630,635	348,525	282,110	21,005	12,075	8,930
$70,000 to $79,999	479,890	277,725	202,165	17,485	10,065	7,420
$80,000 to $89,999	378,185	222,095	156,095	13,775	8,055	5,725
$90,000 to $99,999	324,810	181,815	142,995	8,680	5,605	3,075
$100,000 and over	909,005	616,420	292,585	23,260	16,390	6,870
$100,000 to $149,999	600,995	394,410	206,590	15,955	10,955	5,000
$150,000 and over	308,010	222,010	86,000	7,305	5,440	1,870
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	336,980	161,865	175,110
Without after-tax income	478,635	227,025	251,610	13,255	6,450	6,810
With after-tax income	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980	323,720	155,415	168,305
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.8	95.6	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,659,280	722,040	937,235	46,240	19,845	26,395
$10,000 to $19,999	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540	53,290	20,625	32,665
$20,000 to $29,999	1,623,230	690,290	932,940	53,030	21,525	31,505
$30,000 to $39,999	1,377,100	642,645	734,450	50,335	22,470	27,865
$40,000 to $49,999	1,166,040	585,490	580,555	39,395	20,330	19,060
$50,000 to $59,999	845,305	464,610	380,700	28,450	16,475	11,975
$60,000 to $69,999	604,005	354,015	249,985	21,125	12,335	8,790
$70,000 to $79,999	465,485	268,140	197,345	11,710	7,570	4,150
$80,000 and over	912,490	611,260	301,230	20,145	14,240	5,905
$80,000 to $89,999	299,315	183,410	115,905	6,505	4,400	2,110
$90,000 to $99,999	174,110	116,330	57,785	3,930	2,715	1,215
$100,000 and over	439,070	311,525	127,540	9,710	7,130	2,580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	336,980	161,865	175,115
Without employment income	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245	93,715	40,110	53,600
With employment income	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350	243,265	121,755	121,510
Percentage with employment income	70.6	74.8	66.6	72.2	75.2	69.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,094,860	546,920	547,940	30,525	13,925	16,605
$5,000 to $9,999	635,305	281,135	354,165	19,550	8,455	11,090
$10,000 to $19,999	1,027,910	464,445	563,465	32,130	14,030	18,100
$20,000 to $29,999	827,805	372,185	455,625	27,975	12,390	15,585
$30,000 to $39,999	767,840	351,925	415,910	27,190	11,870	15,320
$40,000 to $49,999	709,775	341,320	368,450	23,785	10,930	12,860
$50,000 to $59,999	588,220	310,155	278,065	18,560	9,850	8,710
$60,000 to $69,999	465,670	263,430	202,240	15,065	8,810	6,255
$70,000 to $79,999	369,085	218,570	150,515	13,695	7,870	5,820
$80,000 and over	1,304,210	848,245	455,970	34,790	23,625	11,165
$80,000 to $89,999	307,660	182,660	125,005	11,185	6,570	4,610
$90,000 to $99,999	280,530	156,440	124,090	6,740	4,555	2,185
$100,000 and over	716,015	509,140	206,875	16,865	12,495	4,370
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	5,169,175	...	...	173,325	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,287	...	...	69,553	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,285	...	...	59,263	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,341,300	...	...	51,125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,900	...	...	36,087	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,219	...	...	31,574	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,827,875	...	...	122,200	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,967	...	...	87,785	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,528	...	...	74,127	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	97,856	...	...	86,778	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,322	...	...	70,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,341,115	...	...	51,155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,571	...	...	44,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,830	...	...	36,401	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,828,060	...	...	122,175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,773	...	...	104,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,157	...	...	84,232	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	5,169,175	...	...	173,325	...	...
Under $5,000	86,720	...	...	3,740	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70,245	...	...	3,085	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	134,395	...	...	4,965	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185,245	...	...	6,255	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	200,770	...	...	6,735	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	189,450	...	...	6,515	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	202,580	...	...	7,490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	207,180	...	...	7,400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	206,605	...	...	7,445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	202,015	...	...	7,240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	388,820	...	...	13,630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	363,580	...	...	12,720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335,770	...	...	12,175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	309,105	...	...	11,000	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	282,740	...	...	9,455	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,803,955	...	...	53,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560,090	...	...	18,535	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	394,570	...	...	12,665	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	449,885	...	...	13,130	...	...
$200,000 and over	399,410	...	...	9,145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	5,169,175	...	...	173,325	...	...
Under $5,000	92,220	...	...	3,890	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	71,480	...	...	3,150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	136,550	...	...	5,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	192,920	...	...	6,725	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	222,605	...	...	7,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	211,440	...	...	8,175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	232,755	...	...	9,310	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	244,335	...	...	9,175	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	247,645	...	...	9,075	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	241,965	...	...	8,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	463,170	...	...	16,720	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	422,695	...	...	15,675	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	388,720	...	...	13,375	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	342,330	...	...	11,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290,720	...	...	9,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,367,630	...	...	35,550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	539,915	...	...	16,605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	334,420	...	...	8,910	...	...
$150,000 and over	493,295	...	...	10,035	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	3,689,580	...	...	113,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,089	...	...	89,401	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,531	...	...	75,082	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,280,890	...	...	47,605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,459	...	...	83,594	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,237	...	...	70,338	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,716,115	...	...	44,630	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,381	...	...	116,685	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,205	...	...	96,190	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	584,180	...	...	17,600	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,363	...	...	50,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,317	...	...	46,310	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	3,689,080	...	...	113,170	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,328	...	...	106,509	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,410	...	...	85,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,280,580	...	...	47,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,425	...	...	98,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,952	...	...	79,277	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,717,295	...	...	44,695	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	140,590	...	...	133,015	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,144	...	...	105,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	581,945	...	...	17,475	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,748	...	...	61,769	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,742	...	...	52,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,818,815	867,175	951,640	75,865	35,980	39,885
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,097	33,925	30,753	31,379	32,053	30,862
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,417	30,678	28,442	28,145	28,429	27,907
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	1,814,575	864,020	950,555	75,820	35,755	40,065
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,298	46,765	42,057	39,408	40,478	38,452
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,874	38,228	35,644	32,585	32,913	32,292
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955	397,375	192,700	204,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895	199,890	93,895	105,995
In the bottom decile	1,346,645	651,310	695,335	45,275	21,860	23,415
In the second decile	1,280,675	581,380	699,290	36,780	16,240	20,545
In the third decile	1,237,415	583,840	653,575	37,650	17,385	20,255
In the fourth decile	1,223,510	589,740	633,770	39,195	18,525	20,665
In the fifth decile	1,246,925	610,000	636,930	40,995	19,875	21,120
In the top half of the distribution	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060	197,480	98,805	98,675
In the sixth decile	1,279,095	629,635	649,465	41,365	20,575	20,790
In the seventh decile	1,321,220	655,840	665,375	42,860	21,435	21,430
In the eighth decile	1,382,795	691,630	691,165	43,120	21,490	21,630
In the ninth decile	1,464,415	736,030	728,385	38,755	19,480	19,275
In the top decile	1,459,465	742,795	716,670	31,380	15,825	15,555
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130	397,375	192,695	204,675
0 to 17 years	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630	72,900	37,155	35,745
0 to 5 years	835,000	428,025	406,975	23,875	12,160	11,715
18 to 64 years	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345	264,835	128,510	136,330
65 years and over	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155	59,635	27,040	32,595
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445	58,825	27,410	31,415
0 to 17 years	489,905	251,830	238,080	13,695	6,970	6,720
0 to 5 years	165,140	84,825	80,310	5,085	2,540	2,545
18 to 64 years	1,155,315	538,535	616,780	38,000	17,830	20,165
65 years and over	253,755	96,170	157,585	7,135	2,605	4,530
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.4	13.8	15.0	14.8	14.2	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	18.5	18.4	18.8	18.8	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	19.8	19.8	19.7	21.3	20.9	21.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.1	14.3	14.3	13.9	14.8
65 years and over (%)	12.0	9.9	13.8	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,298,590	627,935	670,650	38,240	18,730	19,510
0 to 17 years	304,390	156,575	147,815	7,790	3,985	3,805
0 to 5 years	102,750	52,810	49,935	2,990	1,520	1,470
18 to 64 years	887,640	430,545	457,095	28,875	14,140	14,745
65 years and over	106,555	40,815	65,740	1,570	615	960
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.8	9.7	9.9	9.6	9.7	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.5	11.4	10.7	10.7	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	12.3	12.3	12.5	12.5	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.5	10.6	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.2	5.8	2.6	2.3	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925	397,390	192,705	204,690
Official languages	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145	395,220	191,780	203,440
English	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825	394,950	191,655	203,290
French	1,521,020	677,505	843,510	49,660	21,765	27,900
Non-official languages	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760	43,815	21,805	22,010
Aboriginal languages	33,855	15,815	18,035	190	80	110
Algonquian languages	30,630	14,505	16,125	160	60	100
Blackfoot	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	6,560	3,160	3,395	0	0	10
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	145	70	75	0	0	0
Naskapi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	65	25	45	0	0	0
Plains Cree	105	50	50	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	605	255	350	0	0	10
Woods Cree	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,620	2,760	2,865	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	180	95	85	150	55	95
Malecite	20	20	0	0	0	10
Mi'kmaq	160	75	85	150	55	90
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	23,980	11,285	12,690	0	0	0
Algonquin	205	95	105	0	0	0
Ojibway	16,220	7,600	8,630	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	7,515	3,585	3,935	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	200	105	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	85	40	50	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	85	25	65	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	80	25	55	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	45	20	30	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	10	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	840	320	525	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	730	285	445	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	105	35	70	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,940	810	1,125	0	10	0
Cayuga	120	35	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	1,625	710	915	10	10	0
Oneida	180	55	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	180	65	110	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	210	100	110	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865	43,630	21,730	21,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	362,645	183,050	179,595	9,825	5,290	4,535
Berber languages	925	505	415	25	15	15
Kabyle	530	280	255	25	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	390	225	165	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	34,160	15,155	19,000	145	50	90
Bilen	355	200	160	20	10	15
Oromo	2,075	905	1,175	35	15	20
Somali	31,535	13,925	17,610	80	20	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	370	170	205	10	0	0
Semitic languages	330,315	168,750	161,570	9,745	5,270	4,470
Amharic	16,010	7,565	8,445	260	135	120
Arabic	246,015	127,015	119,000	8,850	4,770	4,085
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	17,825	8,775	9,050	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	6,185	3,045	3,140	0	0	0
Harari	1,310	660	645	0	0	0
Hebrew	43,255	22,165	21,090	570	340	240
Maltese	7,020	3,455	3,570	10	10	10
Tigrigna	9,385	4,320	5,065	140	70	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,985	1,010	975	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,125	535	590	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	99,830	46,210	53,620	455	205	250
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,045	4,490	5,550	15	0	10
Vietnamese	90,265	41,965	48,300	445	200	240
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	10	50	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	249,435	98,295	151,150	2,270	985	1,285
Bikol	755	340	425	10	0	10
Cebuano	9,475	3,650	5,830	110	55	60
Fijian	110	40	65	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	3,110	1,205	1,910	40	15	25
Ilocano	15,235	5,940	9,295	55	10	40
Malagasy	215	115	100	0	0	0
Malay	9,780	4,500	5,280	40	10	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,935	855	1,080	0	0	0
Pangasinan	565	245	320	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	232,935	91,110	141,820	2,155	940	1,215
Waray-Waray	410	125	285	0	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,785	755	1,030	25	10	20
Creole languages	30,260	13,525	16,735	220	105	115
Haitian Creole	1,430	605	830	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	19,375	8,480	10,895	95	40	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	9,685	4,525	5,155	120	60	60
Dravidian languages	196,315	97,975	98,335	1,205	690	520
Kannada	5,775	2,930	2,845	75	35	35
Malayalam	22,880	11,535	11,345	490	260	235
Tamil	157,700	77,975	79,730	365	225	140
Telugu	16,315	8,925	7,390	335	200	130
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	495	250	240	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	545	265	280	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525	20,805	10,300	10,505
Albanian	22,375	11,180	11,195	375	180	200
Armenian	18,435	8,860	9,575	80	50	30
Balto-Slavic languages	473,565	221,450	252,120	3,195	1,520	1,680
Baltic languages	10,545	4,495	6,050	65	20	45
Latvian	4,675	2,070	2,610	20	0	15
Lithuanian	5,875	2,430	3,445	40	15	25
Slavic languages	465,170	217,885	247,285	3,145	1,500	1,645
Belarusan	1,360	680	680	10	0	10
Bosnian	9,915	4,905	5,010	120	50	70
Bulgarian	10,410	5,060	5,350	45	20	20
Croatian	46,580	22,880	23,700	225	85	145
Czech	14,045	6,615	7,430	155	75	75
Macedonian	21,505	10,365	11,140	70	40	30
Polish	142,985	65,415	77,575	640	290	355
Russian	138,735	64,355	74,380	1,665	835	830
Serbian	53,250	26,725	26,525	140	60	80
Serbo-Croatian	5,815	2,845	2,965	100	55	45
Slovak	12,035	5,550	6,490	95	40	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	7,935	3,550	4,390	20	0	20
Ukrainian	54,615	24,125	30,490	260	125	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	1,750	935	815	0	0	0
Celtic languages	3,800	1,880	1,920	310	145	165
Scottish Gaelic	1,480	720	765	200	90	110
Welsh	685	300	390	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,650	870	785	115	55	65
Germanic languages	274,305	130,610	143,700	4,305	2,100	2,210
Afrikaans	7,360	3,625	3,735	245	110	135
Danish	5,440	2,455	2,980	135	75	65
Dutch	63,410	29,875	33,535	740	315	425
Frisian	1,655	820	835	10	0	10
German	189,035	90,730	98,305	3,000	1,505	1,495
Icelandic	285	130	155	70	25	40
Norwegian	2,140	975	1,165	80	70	15
Swedish	5,125	2,345	2,785	175	70	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	2,275	1,050	1,225	10	0	0
Yiddish	7,175	3,535	3,640	25	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	3,290	1,645	1,645	10	0	0
Greek	80,690	40,105	40,590	1,195	605	590
Indo-Iranian languages	915,765	463,175	452,585	5,660	3,165	2,500
Indo-Aryan languages	759,390	384,940	374,450	4,225	2,405	1,825
Bengali	59,685	30,420	29,265	540	300	240
Gujarati	103,890	52,380	51,510	195	130	70
Hindi	250,095	127,765	122,335	2,005	1,150	855
Kashmiri	600	300	300	10	0	10
Konkani	5,490	2,515	2,975	20	10	0
Marathi	10,360	5,380	4,980	105	70	35
Nepali	10,245	5,115	5,135	620	315	305
Oriya (Odia)	1,090	515	570	20	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	282,065	145,050	137,015	815	455	360
Sindhi	11,515	5,385	6,130	10	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	18,555	9,230	9,330	210	115	95
Urdu	231,500	117,305	114,190	880	540	335
Iranian languages	163,490	81,710	81,785	1,450	780	670
Kurdish	8,795	4,755	4,040	180	105	75
Pashto	15,315	8,145	7,170	60	40	15
Persian (Farsi)	145,465	72,275	73,190	1,245	655	585
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	4,665	2,495	2,175	60	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages	880,330	418,225	462,105	6,615	3,035	3,575
Catalan	515	275	240	20	10	10
Italian	333,645	161,190	172,455	1,225	615	605
Portuguese	193,520	93,885	99,635	675	370	305
Romanian	49,635	23,205	26,430	210	125	90
Spanish	337,615	156,040	181,580	4,825	2,110	2,715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	1,355	745	605	45	35	10
Japanese	25,675	11,535	14,140	635	245	390
Kartvelian languages	1,555	775	780	10	0	0
Georgian	1,555	770	785	0	10	0
Korean	79,175	36,930	42,245	1,195	510	685
Mongolic languages	515	225	285	10	0	10
Mongolian	515	225	285	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70,570	33,620	36,945	1,150	625	525
Akan (Twi)	15,950	7,520	8,435	30	20	15
Bamanankan	385	195	185	10	0	0
Edo	2,130	930	1,195	0	0	0
Ewe	880	435	445	70	40	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	700	320	375	10	0	0
Ga	1,340	645	695	25	15	15
Ganda	1,225	550	675	60	20	35
Igbo	4,025	2,105	1,920	70	45	30
Lingala	4,885	2,165	2,720	30	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,555	1,080	1,475	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	2,220	885	1,330	120	50	65
Shona	2,350	1,055	1,300	55	35	25
Swahili	16,750	8,110	8,640	335	190	150
Wolof	730	355	375	30	10	20
Yoruba	10,495	5,345	5,150	215	110	110
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	11,210	5,255	5,950	235	135	100
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,025	1,020	1,010	35	25	10
Dinka	415	220	200	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,615	805	810	35	25	10
Sign languages	18,865	7,645	11,220	930	315	615
American Sign Language	10,220	3,695	6,525	565	180	385
Quebec Sign Language	235	60	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	8,690	4,005	4,680	375	140	230
Sino-Tibetan languages	689,145	324,575	364,565	5,840	2,975	2,860
Chinese languages	679,170	319,635	359,530	5,825	2,975	2,850
Cantonese	341,875	159,280	182,600	1,250	600	650
Hakka	7,865	3,445	4,420	45	20	25
Mandarin	385,395	179,890	205,510	4,540	2,275	2,265
Min Dong	810	330	480	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	16,980	7,650	9,330	150	65	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	8,305	3,860	4,440	45	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	16,455	7,710	8,745	410	255	160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	185	95	90	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10,460	5,200	5,260	15	0	15
Burmese	2,215	1,055	1,165	0	0	0
Karenic languages	1,820	905	920	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,695	2,845	2,850	15	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,245	645	605	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	11,120	4,945	6,180	165	75	85
Lao	6,740	3,215	3,520	15	0	10
Thai	5,195	2,065	3,135	150	75	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	33,335	17,310	16,025	535	280	255
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,710	1,550	20	20	0
Turkish	27,850	14,510	13,340	395	190	205
Uyghur	700	350	345	15	10	10
Uzbek	1,405	700	705	100	60	40
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	915	450	465	0	0	0
Uralic languages	58,370	27,060	31,310	245	120	120
Estonian	4,785	2,155	2,625	45	25	20
Finnish	11,145	4,865	6,280	50	20	35
Hungarian	42,545	20,070	22,480	140	80	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,675	1,950	1,725	45	10	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,390	192,705	204,690
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705	376,015	181,515	194,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255	69,465	35,405	34,060
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445	306,550	146,115	160,435
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	1,019,095	484,880	534,215	21,380	11,185	10,195
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,395	192,705	204,690
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545	352,400	169,730	182,670
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480	37,200	18,410	18,785
Before 1981	1,077,745	507,500	570,240	10,085	4,905	5,180
1981 to 1990	513,995	246,235	267,755	3,035	1,535	1,505
1991 to 2000	834,510	390,315	444,195	4,885	2,365	2,525
2001 to 2010	953,730	446,895	506,835	9,760	4,920	4,835
2001 to 2005	490,560	230,950	259,610	3,760	1,890	1,870
2006 to 2010	463,170	215,945	247,225	6,000	3,030	2,975
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	472,170	223,715	248,450	9,425	4,685	4,740
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	201,200	102,305	98,895	7,795	4,565	3,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485	37,195	18,410	18,790
Under 5 years	369,955	184,255	185,705	4,640	2,225	2,420
5 to 14 years	685,085	345,865	339,225	6,970	3,525	3,445
15 to 24 years	855,475	381,025	474,450	6,620	3,180	3,440
25 to 44 years	1,579,500	741,340	838,160	16,230	8,050	8,185
45 years and over	362,130	162,180	199,945	2,735	1,435	1,300
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480	37,200	18,410	18,785
Americas	598,950	265,930	333,025	5,480	2,570	2,915
Brazil	14,705	6,700	8,010	135	60	70
Colombia	28,815	13,085	15,730	115	65	50
El Salvador	20,920	10,165	10,750	75	40	35
Guyana	79,745	35,325	44,420	145	65	75
Haiti	10,195	4,410	5,785	40	20	25
Jamaica	119,840	51,320	68,525	345	135	210
Mexico	30,075	13,895	16,185	225	110	115
Peru	10,550	4,660	5,895	85	25	55
Trinidad and Tobago	52,810	23,515	29,300	175	100	75
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	109,005	47,170	61,830	3,225	1,480	1,745
Other places of birth in Americas	122,280	55,685	66,600	925	470	455
Europe	1,144,295	546,250	598,050	12,245	6,205	6,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	21,300	10,655	10,645	195	100	100
Croatia	27,330	13,495	13,835	130	50	80
France	13,385	6,310	7,070	340	190	150
Germany	63,460	29,685	33,775	1,150	580	570
Greece	36,575	18,225	18,350	450	235	220
Hungary	22,085	10,495	11,590	75	35	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15,275	7,415	7,860	280	105	175
Italy	157,815	78,510	79,305	380	215	165
Netherlands	47,400	23,910	23,490	470	190	285
Poland	96,000	43,155	52,845	460	190	270
Portugal	103,025	50,240	52,785	180	115	65
Romania	42,720	19,720	23,000	150	90	65
Russian Federation	42,980	18,540	24,440	505	245	255
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	23,695	11,610	12,085	65	35	25
Ukraine	39,945	18,150	21,795	270	125	145
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	264,125	125,730	138,390	5,890	3,105	2,790
Other places of birth in Europe	127,190	60,395	66,790	1,250	600	650
Africa	226,770	109,585	117,185	3,025	1,565	1,460
Algeria	2,925	1,480	1,450	10	10	10
Egypt	34,510	18,000	16,510	730	375	355
Ethiopia	15,570	7,230	8,340	170	85	85
Kenya	14,940	6,910	8,025	115	70	45
Morocco	5,485	2,690	2,795	70	40	25
Nigeria	20,630	10,285	10,345	290	145	140
Somalia	16,970	6,845	10,125	65	30	30
South Africa, Republic of	19,390	9,545	9,840	350	150	200
Other places of birth in Africa	96,355	46,610	49,745	1,220	650	570
Asia	1,869,805	886,570	983,240	16,210	7,915	8,290
Afghanistan	33,145	16,490	16,655	100	40	60
Bangladesh	39,410	19,970	19,440	250	140	110
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	317,225	143,705	173,515	2,345	970	1,375
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	108,030	50,945	57,090	250	115	140
India	360,540	179,950	180,590	1,875	985	890
IranCensus data footnote 61	86,810	43,445	43,360	840	465	380
Iraq	50,390	25,280	25,115	530	245	285
Japan	8,145	2,550	5,585	170	60	110
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	57,085	26,660	30,425	720	290	430
Lebanon	34,545	18,145	16,405	1,205	660	545
Pakistan	142,265	71,925	70,345	450	225	225
Philippines	231,760	93,730	138,030	2,030	865	1,165
Sri Lanka	109,855	53,640	56,215	265	120	145
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	22,680	11,405	11,270	1,045	505	545
Taiwan	17,840	7,775	10,065	180	90	85
Viet Nam	80,525	36,545	43,985	355	170	190
Other places of birth in Asia	169,555	84,400	85,160	3,595	1,965	1,630
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	12,330	6,330	5,990	235	155	80
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	472,170	223,720	248,450	9,425	4,685	4,735
Americas	60,700	29,005	31,700	995	450	545
Brazil	3,180	1,505	1,675	85	35	45
Colombia	4,520	2,005	2,520	15	0	15
Cuba	1,950	910	1,045	70	35	25
Haiti	2,575	1,140	1,435	15	10	10
Jamaica	8,935	4,840	4,090	125	60	65
Mexico	5,670	2,745	2,925	90	50	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	14,635	7,225	7,405	360	170	200
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	2,460	1,120	1,340	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	16,775	7,510	9,265	230	85	140
Europe	45,295	22,250	23,045	1,385	720	665
France	2,010	1,025	985	80	45	35
Germany	1,695	885	805	85	40	40
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,900	1,185	715	35	15	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	880	400	480	25	10	15
Romania	2,425	995	1,430	35	15	10
Russian Federation	4,905	1,790	3,115	160	65	100
Ukraine	4,455	2,005	2,445	135	60	80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,780	4,515	3,265	540	330	210
Other places of birth in Europe	19,245	9,450	9,795	295	140	155
Africa	39,380	19,045	20,330	955	510	445
Algeria	415	180	240	10	0	0
Cameroon	1,390	640	750	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,835	845	990	50	25	30
Côte d'Ivoire	605	245	360	0	0	0
Egypt	8,220	4,290	3,935	185	100	85
Eritrea	2,055	1,010	1,045	60	40	25
Ethiopia	2,505	1,115	1,385	35	30	10
Morocco	655	275	375	20	15	10
Nigeria	5,910	2,895	3,015	150	70	80
Somalia	2,065	965	1,100	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	1,410	715	695	70	25	45
Tunisia	310	155	150	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	12,010	5,715	6,295	355	205	145
Asia	324,820	152,205	172,615	6,065	2,995	3,075
Afghanistan	5,785	2,845	2,945	20	10	15
Bangladesh	8,180	4,055	4,125	65	35	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	58,840	26,025	32,815	850	395	460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,985	800	1,190	0	0	10
India	69,325	35,060	34,265	760	415	340
IranCensus data footnote 61	21,225	10,300	10,930	245	130	115
Iraq	14,645	7,315	7,330	245	125	120
Israel	2,050	1,085	970	260	170	90
Japan	1,385	370	1,015	65	25	35
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	6,320	2,855	3,470	190	65	125
Lebanon	3,230	1,685	1,545	75	30	45
Nepal	3,395	1,725	1,665	180	95	90
Pakistan	25,435	12,425	13,015	95	50	45
Philippines	53,190	21,740	31,450	1,160	520	640
Saudi Arabia	3,140	1,615	1,530	115	65	50
Sri Lanka	8,185	3,580	4,605	85	45	40
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	12,710	6,590	6,120	790	370	420
Taiwan	1,015	435	580	0	0	0
Turkey	2,590	1,440	1,145	70	45	30
United Arab Emirates	4,290	2,230	2,055	60	35	25
Viet Nam	3,885	1,520	2,365	45	15	30
Other places of birth in Asia	13,995	6,505	7,485	675	355	320
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,980	1,215	765	20	15	10
Australia	1,535	965	565	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	445	250	200	15	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,395	192,700	204,690
First generationCensus data footnote 69	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740	47,905	24,390	23,520
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540	38,600	18,955	19,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640	310,885	149,360	161,525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750	27,435	13,660	13,775
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,364,380	677,695	686,685	16,465	8,580	7,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	540,795	338,460	202,335	6,335	4,330	2,005
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	823,580	339,240	484,350	10,130	4,250	5,880
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	940,405	382,890	557,520	6,715	2,880	3,835
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	482,665	253,750	228,910	4,080	2,105	1,975
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	38,035	17,400	20,640	175	90	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,395	192,705	204,690
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	374,395	179,970	194,420	15,735	7,415	8,320
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	361,125	173,685	187,445	15,190	7,155	8,035
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	236,680	112,840	123,845	7,880	3,740	4,140
Métis	120,585	59,015	61,570	6,905	3,230	3,675
Inuk (Inuit)	3,860	1,835	2,030	405	185	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	5,730	2,680	3,045	275	135	140
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	7,540	3,615	3,930	265	120	140
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500	381,660	185,295	196,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925	397,390	192,705	204,690
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	170,895	81,560	89,335	3,940	1,860	2,080
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585	393,455	190,845	202,615
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,390	192,705	204,690
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	112,875	54,840	58,035	2,540	1,140	1,400
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	111,575	54,180	57,395	2,455	1,115	1,340
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	97,430	47,130	50,305	1,660	760	895
Métis single ancestry	12,925	6,490	6,435	685	325	365
Inuit single ancestry	1,220	565	655	110	30	80
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,295	665	640	85	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	1,055	545	510	60	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	145	70	75	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	65	25	40	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	20	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	405,425	192,320	213,100	24,095	11,025	13,070
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	395,205	187,695	207,510	23,240	10,605	12,640
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	276,920	130,810	146,110	16,305	7,410	8,895
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	113,785	54,830	58,955	6,315	2,895	3,420
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,500	2,050	2,450	620	300	320
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	10,215	4,620	5,590	860	420	440
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,305	4,205	5,100	700	335	370
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	595	290	305	90	50	40
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	300	125	170	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785	370,755	180,535	190,215
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,395	192,705	204,690
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505	45,285	22,735	22,545
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,150,415	582,010	568,400	6,555	3,690	2,865
Chinese	754,550	359,230	395,315	6,975	3,450	3,520
Black	627,715	296,270	331,445	15,085	7,305	7,780
Filipino	311,675	132,440	179,230	2,575	1,125	1,445
Latin American	195,950	93,645	102,310	1,210	605	600
Arab	210,435	109,585	100,850	7,335	3,950	3,385
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	133,855	63,255	70,605	865	375	490
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	154,670	77,385	77,280	1,390	730	665
Korean	88,935	42,445	46,495	1,225	520	710
Japanese	30,830	13,595	17,235	490	215	270
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	97,970	46,105	51,860	490	225	265
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	128,585	62,105	66,485	1,095	540	550
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410	352,110	169,965	182,140
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	397,395	192,705	204,690
North American Aboriginal origins	518,300	247,160	271,135	26,640	12,170	14,475
First Nations (North American Indian)	385,505	183,075	202,430	18,835	8,575	10,260
Inuit	6,870	3,150	3,720	905	425	480
Métis	137,485	66,245	71,235	7,850	3,615	4,235
Other North American origins	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340	163,490	78,215	85,270
Acadian	16,580	8,135	8,450	10,120	4,530	5,590
American	140,165	67,480	72,690	3,950	1,910	2,040
Canadian	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125	152,765	73,365	79,405
New Brunswicker	320	190	125	25	10	20
Newfoundlander	10,850	5,520	5,325	885	395	490
Nova Scotian	1,485	685	800	750	345	405
Ontarian	2,165	1,085	1,075	30	15	15
Québécois	5,390	2,730	2,665	235	120	115
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	675	375	300	10	0	10
European origins	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570	276,040	132,845	143,200
British Isles origins	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835	228,765	109,500	119,265
Channel Islander	1,120	530	590	40	10	25
Cornish	755	370	385	60	30	25
English	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160	121,685	58,330	63,355
Irish	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835	95,035	44,135	50,900
Manx	2,450	1,320	1,130	75	40	35
Scottish	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030	113,430	53,555	59,875
Welsh	198,475	94,555	103,920	8,845	4,160	4,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	323,185	152,525	170,660	11,335	5,335	5,995
French origins	1,350,520	643,360	707,160	66,380	30,890	35,490
Alsatian	1,235	495	740	10	10	10
Breton	290	175	120	0	0	0
Corsican	205	125	85	0	10	0
French	1,349,255	642,790	706,470	66,365	30,885	35,480
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,766,975	864,010	902,970	56,545	26,805	29,735
Austrian	72,475	35,415	37,065	1,005	540	465
Bavarian	450	225	230	10	10	0
Belgian	57,890	28,460	29,430	995	480	510
Dutch	527,750	259,585	268,165	13,215	6,015	7,205
Flemish	4,005	2,005	1,995	65	50	15
Frisian	2,705	1,400	1,305	15	0	10
German	1,189,670	579,315	610,355	45,070	21,365	23,705
Luxembourger	915	500	415	15	0	10
Swiss	59,835	29,395	30,440	1,390	715	675
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	1,095	560	530	90	60	30
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	266,085	127,885	138,195	8,005	3,835	4,170
Danish	53,555	26,355	27,195	1,890	895	995
Finnish	76,755	36,955	39,800	605	250	360
Icelandic	13,215	6,325	6,895	415	185	235
Norwegian	59,335	28,350	30,980	2,780	1,390	1,395
Swedish	71,035	32,705	38,325	1,920	880	1,040
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	12,540	6,400	6,140	690	380	315
Eastern European origins	1,339,610	644,610	695,000	16,140	8,020	8,125
Bulgarian	16,750	8,230	8,525	175	85	95
Byelorussian	11,690	5,645	6,045	135	70	70
Czech	42,340	20,815	21,530	665	365	305
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	14,810	6,820	7,990	155	65	85
Estonian	15,075	7,255	7,825	255	130	130
Hungarian	163,500	79,850	83,655	1,395	725	675
Latvian	18,095	8,615	9,480	240	90	150
Lithuanian	35,100	16,965	18,135	600	275	325
Moldovan	3,905	1,910	1,995	10	10	10
Polish	523,490	251,575	271,910	5,905	2,900	3,005
Romanian	98,235	46,825	51,410	720	360	360
Russian	220,850	103,650	117,200	2,970	1,405	1,570
Slovak	40,535	19,645	20,885	355	215	140
Ukrainian	376,440	181,725	194,715	5,155	2,640	2,520
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	10,330	4,940	5,390	185	85	105
Southern European origins	1,772,160	880,335	891,830	16,775	7,980	8,790
Albanian	25,980	13,085	12,895	255	135	120
Bosnian	14,680	7,255	7,425	120	55	65
Catalan	285	180	110	10	0	10
Croatian	82,220	41,350	40,875	455	200	250
Cypriot	4,400	2,170	2,230	25	20	10
Greek	148,555	74,830	73,720	2,430	1,240	1,190
Italian	931,805	467,100	464,705	8,185	3,945	4,245
Kosovar	1,305	655	650	245	115	130
Macedonian	39,440	19,820	19,625	95	50	45
Maltese	35,255	17,525	17,730	235	105	135
Montenegrin	2,545	1,295	1,250	15	0	10
Portuguese	324,930	160,970	163,960	2,330	1,105	1,235
Serbian	66,835	34,035	32,800	190	85	105
Sicilian	4,190	2,090	2,100	10	0	0
Slovenian	26,485	13,215	13,275	105	45	60
Spanish	171,145	78,880	92,265	2,685	1,175	1,510
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	20,245	9,785	10,460	190	95	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	965	425	540	65	40	30
Other European origins	105,865	53,050	52,820	3,605	1,830	1,775
Basque	1,585	805	780	105	45	60
Jewish	77,280	38,860	38,425	1,490	725	760
Roma (Gypsy)	2,295	1,050	1,245	55	45	20
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	2,065	1,110	955	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	23,290	11,540	11,750	1,970	1,015	955
Caribbean origins	462,600	213,660	248,940	3,565	1,745	1,825
Antiguan	3,275	1,480	1,800	85	45	35
Bahamian	2,305	1,190	1,115	195	90	105
Barbadian	26,625	12,375	14,250	400	205	195
Bermudan	2,010	925	1,085	155	85	70
Carib	2,295	855	1,440	40	30	10
Cuban	14,490	6,625	7,865	270	125	145
Dominican	9,180	4,420	4,760	120	60	60
Grenadian	14,690	6,420	8,275	15	10	10
Guadeloupean	70	20	50	0	0	0
Haitian	17,715	8,085	9,630	90	25	65
Jamaican	257,060	119,100	137,955	1,295	640	655
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,260	1,090	1,175	30	10	20
Martinican	195	65	125	10	10	10
Montserratan	620	300	325	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	1,495	755	740	50	20	35
St. Lucian	7,170	3,195	3,985	60	25	40
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	59,560	27,850	31,710	250	140	105
Vincentian/Grenadinian	12,155	5,250	6,905	25	20	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	56,865	25,380	31,480	455	245	215
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	16,970	7,770	9,195	280	135	145
Latin, Central and South American origins	322,210	153,045	169,165	2,060	1,045	1,010
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10,795	5,040	5,750	150	75	70
Arawak	1,055	470	585	0	0	0
Argentinian	11,460	5,620	5,840	50	30	25
Belizean	810	395	415	0	0	0
Bolivian	1,885	935	955	35	20	15
Brazilian	18,395	8,760	9,635	215	115	100
Chilean	14,625	7,015	7,610	80	50	30
Colombian	40,820	19,345	21,480	235	125	110
Costa Rican	2,790	1,380	1,410	25	10	15
Ecuadorian	20,385	9,650	10,735	25	15	10
Guatemalan	10,040	4,870	5,170	55	35	20
Guyanese	73,360	34,050	39,315	270	125	140
Hispanic	5,805	2,790	3,015	55	35	20
Honduran	3,360	1,590	1,765	35	25	10
Maya	2,500	1,285	1,215	60	40	20
Mexican	43,120	20,735	22,380	465	225	235
Nicaraguan	7,100	3,440	3,665	35	10	25
Panamanian	2,475	1,125	1,355	15	0	15
Paraguayan	600	280	320	0	0	0
Peruvian	14,780	6,985	7,800	145	65	80
Salvadorean	27,595	13,530	14,070	85	60	30
Uruguayan	4,200	2,150	2,050	15	0	15
Venezuelan	11,750	5,320	6,430	55	40	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	14,095	6,745	7,350	150	75	75
African origins	414,095	203,260	210,835	12,510	6,010	6,505
Central and West African origins	85,735	42,745	42,990	1,075	560	515
Akan	965	540	425	0	0	0
Angolan	1,635	815	820	15	10	10
Ashanti	1,205	620	585	0	0	0
Beninese	555	280	270	0	0	0
Burkinabe	415	190	225	10	0	10
Cameroonian	4,700	2,330	2,370	20	20	0
Chadian	645	320	325	0	0	0
Congolese	10,425	4,960	5,460	170	85	85
Edo	1,025	545	480	0	0	0
Ewe	180	95	80	0	0	0
Gabonese	170	80	90	0	0	0
Gambian	630	305	330	10	0	0
Ghanaian	24,850	12,060	12,790	140	80	60
Guinean	1,105	550	560	25	20	10
Ibo	1,940	1,035	905	90	45	45
Ivorian	1,350	600	745	10	10	0
Liberian	770	365	405	15	10	10
Malian	490	250	240	10	0	10
Malinké	345	160	185	10	10	10
Nigerian	26,560	13,620	12,940	355	185	170
Peulh	135	80	55	10	10	0
Senegalese	1,000	500	495	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	1,175	585	585	40	30	10
Togolese	670	370	300	65	35	35
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	4,055	2,155	1,900	65	25	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	4,745	2,340	2,410	110	65	50
North African origins	86,665	44,970	41,695	1,715	900	815
Algerian	4,065	2,035	2,030	35	30	10
Berber	1,845	985	860	55	35	15
Coptic	2,305	1,185	1,120	25	10	15
Dinka	205	110	95	0	0	0
Egyptian	52,845	27,465	25,375	1,180	630	545
Libyan	3,785	2,015	1,760	185	90	95
Maure	290	160	125	0	10	0
Moroccan	12,305	6,310	6,000	115	55	60
Sudanese	8,975	4,600	4,375	115	45	70
Tunisian	2,295	1,210	1,085	40	15	20
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	1,755	920	830	40	25	15
Southern and East African origins	128,910	61,680	67,230	1,585	770	815
Afrikaner	560	285	275	25	0	20
Amhara	720	360	360	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	870	455	415	10	10	0
Burundian	3,105	1,465	1,640	10	0	0
Djiboutian	1,035	460	575	0	0	0
Eritrean	11,870	5,740	6,125	145	75	70
Ethiopian	22,560	10,755	11,800	250	105	145
Harari	475	255	215	0	0	0
Kenyan	5,860	2,780	3,080	145	85	60
Malagasy	430	200	230	15	0	20
Mauritian	3,600	1,830	1,770	0	10	10
Oromo	1,290	610	685	25	15	15
Rwandan	3,215	1,380	1,830	95	45	50
Seychellois	350	140	205	0	0	0
Somali	40,995	19,200	21,795	165	75	85
South African	19,760	9,790	9,970	400	180	215
Tanzanian	2,610	1,300	1,315	50	35	20
Tigrian	770	395	375	15	10	10
Ugandan	2,950	1,445	1,505	55	25	35
Zambian	805	410	395	75	30	45
Zimbabwean	3,425	1,595	1,830	80	50	30
Zulu	440	225	215	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	8,475	3,900	4,570	115	60	50
Other African origins	119,670	57,245	62,420	8,315	3,870	4,445
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	17,380	7,720	9,660	1,460	675	790
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	103,560	50,150	53,410	6,940	3,235	3,700
Asian origins	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655	33,580	17,045	16,535
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	523,340	265,615	257,730	13,800	7,145	6,655
Afghan	54,535	27,255	27,280	230	80	155
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	44,705	23,345	21,360	1,385	720	665
Armenian	29,675	14,570	15,105	215	130	85
Assyrian	12,075	6,140	5,935	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	4,105	1,995	2,110	20	15	0
Georgian	2,815	1,415	1,395	20	15	10
Hazara	680	390	290	0	0	0
Iranian	117,065	58,995	58,065	1,200	685	515
Iraqi	50,460	25,420	25,035	585	260	325
Israeli	17,080	8,890	8,185	215	115	100
Jordanian	9,660	5,110	4,545	255	145	110
Kazakh	1,325	610	715	35	20	15
Kurd	9,210	4,880	4,330	225	110	110
Kuwaiti	1,510	795	715	205	105	100
Kyrgyz	340	130	210	0	0	0
Lebanese	86,245	43,700	42,545	5,205	2,615	2,590
Palestinian	28,480	15,215	13,270	925	500	420
Pashtun	3,010	1,635	1,375	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	3,660	1,975	1,685	675	440	235
Syrian	31,440	15,570	15,870	1,660	805	850
Tajik	1,850	880	970	20	10	10
Tatar	2,135	930	1,205	35	10	25
Turk	34,165	17,340	16,825	570	270	295
Turkmen	695	345	355	10	10	0
Uighur	755	385	375	10	10	10
Uzbek	2,400	1,155	1,240	90	60	25
Yemeni	4,225	2,065	2,155	205	110	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	16,270	8,395	7,875	765	400	365
South Asian origins	1,182,845	595,480	587,370	6,880	3,880	3,000
Bangladeshi	29,195	14,965	14,230	210	125	85
Bengali	15,235	7,795	7,445	50	35	20
Bhutanese	1,450	710	735	205	85	120
East Indian	774,500	390,015	384,480	5,030	2,855	2,175
Goan	4,775	2,245	2,525	10	0	10
Gujarati	5,915	3,055	2,860	10	10	10
Kashmiri	1,795	900	895	10	0	0
Nepali	8,150	4,070	4,080	430	220	210
Pakistani	149,060	75,860	73,200	465	290	175
Punjabi	55,455	28,580	26,875	165	80	90
Sinhalese	5,195	2,545	2,645	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	124,270	60,685	63,585	290	135	155
Tamil	42,760	21,705	21,050	55	25	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	58,705	29,705	29,005	390	240	145
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,422,890	659,650	763,245	12,860	6,035	6,820
Burmese	4,420	2,105	2,315	15	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	14,655	6,810	7,845	50	15	40
Chinese	849,345	403,280	446,065	7,605	3,700	3,905
Filipino	337,760	144,830	192,930	2,680	1,200	1,485
Hmong	650	340	305	0	0	0
Indonesian	9,325	4,305	5,025	95	45	50
Japanese	41,620	18,530	23,090	600	240	355
Karen	1,645	830	815	0	0	0
Korean	93,420	44,585	48,835	1,280	540	740
Laotian	9,875	4,865	5,015	10	0	10
Malaysian	7,310	3,370	3,935	50	15	30
Mongolian	2,940	1,390	1,545	35	15	25
Singaporean	1,260	565	700	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10,060	4,595	5,465	180	85	95
Thai	6,865	2,725	4,135	175	60	110
Tibetan	6,365	3,175	3,185	10	0	10
Vietnamese	107,640	51,350	56,290	585	260	320
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	4,375	2,165	2,210	45	35	15
Other Asian origins	13,430	6,575	6,855	295	140	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	13,430	6,575	6,855	295	145	155
Oceania origins	20,680	10,435	10,240	555	270	285
Australian	13,315	6,780	6,530	280	135	145
New Zealander	4,250	2,255	2,000	185	105	85
Pacific Islands origins	3,490	1,625	1,860	85	35	55
Fijian	1,610	665	945	10	10	0
Hawaiian	470	235	240	15	0	10
Maori	485	255	230	40	15	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	275	115	165	15	10	0
Samoan	225	140	85	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	555	265	290	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
Owner	3,601,825	...	...	104,245	...	...
Renter	1,559,720	...	...	69,090	...	...
Band housing	7,635	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	5,169,170	...	...	173,335	...	...
Condominium	680,495	...	...	10,415	...	...
Not condominium	4,488,680	...	...	162,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
No bedrooms	33,950	...	...	880	...	...
1 bedroom	699,980	...	...	25,130	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,122,145	...	...	45,300	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,876,905	...	...	62,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,436,185	...	...	39,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	5,169,170	...	...	173,330	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,369,660	...	...	46,175	...	...
5 rooms	718,020	...	...	25,360	...	...
6 rooms	770,730	...	...	24,825	...	...
7 rooms	713,595	...	...	22,365	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,597,165	...	...	54,600	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,046,810	...	...	171,995	...	...
More than 1 person per room	122,360	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	5,169,175	...	...	173,330	...	...
Suitable	4,858,170	...	...	167,360	...	...
Not suitable	311,005	...	...	5,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
1960 or before	1,293,135	...	...	35,100	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,449,585	...	...	49,465	...	...
1981 to 1990	709,135	...	...	27,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	622,565	...	...	24,795	...	...
2001 to 2005	396,130	...	...	13,145	...	...
2006 to 2010	368,235	...	...	12,660	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	330,390	...	...	11,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,851,335	...	...	161,880	...	...
Major repairs needed	317,840	...	...	11,455	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	5,169,170	...	...	173,330	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,962,065	...	...	98,435	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,059,710	...	...	70,310	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	147,400	...	...	4,585	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	5,169,175	...	...	173,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	135,835	...	...	9,075	...	...
25 to 34 years	681,685	...	...	27,930	...	...
35 to 44 years	880,070	...	...	28,935	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,113,885	...	...	34,515	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,047,185	...	...	33,685	...	...
65 to 74 years	738,445	...	...	23,355	...	...
75 to 84 years	414,210	...	...	12,020	...	...
85 years and over	157,860	...	...	3,825	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	5,106,290	...	...	172,790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,694,385	...	...	129,585	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,411,900	...	...	43,205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,208,010	...	...	36,565	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,557,485	...	...	104,185	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.0	...	...	64.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	19.8	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,299	...	...	1,187	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,463	...	...	1,268	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	400,496	...	...	269,126	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	506,409	...	...	307,511	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,554,940	...	...	69,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.0	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	45.7	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,045	...	...	962	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,109	...	...	1,035	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	336,990	161,860	175,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,935,355	961,690	973,670	49,390	25,130	24,260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770	85,375	42,985	42,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235	202,225	93,750	108,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	664,180	471,055	193,120	26,235	17,975	8,260
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	324,370	199,510	124,855	14,460	8,130	6,340
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	339,810	271,545	68,260	11,775	9,850	1,925
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930	69,915	29,380	40,530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	242,005	107,065	134,945	7,860	3,195	4,660
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250	98,220	43,195	55,025
Bachelor's degree	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395	65,770	28,260	37,505
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	189,370	83,670	105,695	5,155	2,245	2,910
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	79,760	42,295	37,460	2,780	1,490	1,295
Master's degree	593,645	294,180	299,470	20,595	8,755	11,845
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	97,790	61,560	36,230	3,915	2,440	1,470
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495	225,315	108,680	116,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	752,995	404,770	348,225	18,840	10,510	8,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,768,955	895,020	873,935	49,610	25,540	24,065
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335	156,860	72,630	84,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	446,390	315,975	130,420	18,430	12,980	5,450
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	218,980	134,685	84,295	10,095	5,910	4,195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	227,410	181,290	46,120	8,330	7,070	1,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030	53,870	23,340	30,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170,925	75,935	94,995	5,300	2,140	3,155
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895	79,265	34,165	45,095
Bachelor's degree	1,519,850	668,450	851,400	53,060	22,730	30,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	148,960	62,370	86,590	4,055	1,655	2,405
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	63,790	30,895	32,895	2,295	1,115	1,180
Master's degree	500,415	239,160	261,255	17,035	7,065	9,970
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	74,310	43,545	30,765	2,815	1,605	1,215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	336,990	161,860	175,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445	134,765	68,110	66,650
Education	349,745	79,245	270,505	12,640	3,230	9,410
13. Education	349,750	79,245	270,505	12,640	3,225	9,415
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	246,075	109,955	136,120	6,780	3,190	3,590
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	38,745	28,735	10,010	1,320	970	345
50. Visual and performing arts	207,325	81,220	126,110	5,465	2,220	3,245
Humanities	359,560	133,350	226,210	10,725	4,110	6,615
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	37,900	8,170	29,730	740	230	515
23. English language and literature/letters	98,440	28,290	70,145	3,220	970	2,250
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95,345	32,940	62,410	2,300	765	1,540
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	2,165	805	1,365	45	20	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	24,255	13,425	10,830	715	380	330
39. Theology and religious vocations	28,175	17,120	11,055	855	510	345
54. History	57,295	30,015	27,280	2,255	1,125	1,130
55. French language and literature/letters	15,990	2,590	13,400	585	105	480
Social and behavioural sciences and law	810,410	269,735	540,670	23,775	7,680	16,100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10,765	2,210	8,560	420	85	330
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	81,500	31,825	49,675	2,300	835	1,460
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	141,750	11,775	129,975	4,015	315	3,705
22. Legal professions and studies	128,860	45,275	83,590	3,600	1,200	2,400
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	16,210	3,400	12,815	390	100	290
42. Psychology	122,545	29,640	92,905	5,030	1,310	3,720
45. Social sciences	308,775	145,620	163,155	8,025	3,825	4,200
Business, management and public administration	1,279,665	527,085	752,580	47,160	16,445	30,715
30.16 Accounting and computer science	2,725	895	1,830	70	15	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	108,935	21,405	87,530	2,855	685	2,170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,168,005	504,780	663,225	44,230	15,740	28,490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	253,905	124,050	129,850	9,845	4,740	5,105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110,950	45,120	65,835	4,595	1,885	2,710
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	54,745	24,800	29,945	2,025	785	1,235
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	3,830	1,190	2,640	95	30	70
40. Physical sciences	72,355	48,145	24,205	2,810	1,960	850
41. Science technologies/technicians	12,025	4,795	7,235	325	85	240
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290,045	185,310	104,730	9,665	6,195	3,475
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220,550	150,765	69,790	7,775	5,305	2,470
25. Library science	15,220	2,450	12,770	700	105	600
27. Mathematics and statistics	49,025	28,515	20,515	1,060	685	375
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	5,235	3,580	1,655	135	100	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985	37,855	34,910	2,950
04. Architecture and related services	51,845	34,590	17,265	965	620	340
14. Engineering	334,085	271,010	63,070	7,830	6,660	1,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	237,775	214,500	23,275	8,515	7,785	730
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	160	30	125	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	198,790	194,555	4,235	8,715	8,480	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225,860	220,545	5,315	8,050	7,725	325
48. Precision production	124,515	119,820	4,695	3,775	3,635	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	106,895	67,015	39,880	2,225	1,185	1,035
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	66,035	41,790	24,240	1,035	515	520
03. Natural resources and conservation	40,860	25,230	15,635	1,195	675	520
Health and related fields	865,970	173,780	692,185	28,865	5,360	23,500
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75,715	37,005	38,705	1,905	905	1,000
51. Health professions and related programs	767,680	124,280	643,400	26,010	3,875	22,135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	22,575	12,490	10,075	950	575	375
Personal, protective and transportation services	340,285	170,915	169,375	12,645	6,705	5,940
12. Personal and culinary services	183,925	49,390	134,535	7,155	1,905	5,250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,135	1,815	320	185	180	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	2,610	2,385	225	515	475	40
43. Security and protective services	98,325	68,625	29,695	2,025	1,610	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	53,290	48,695	4,595	2,765	2,535	230
Other	1,405	260	1,145	40	10	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,405	255	1,145	40	0	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500	225,315	108,680	116,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160	68,450	36,055	32,400
Education	243,635	52,670	190,965	8,760	2,100	6,665
13. Education	243,635	52,670	190,965	8,765	2,100	6,665
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	192,630	85,175	107,450	5,320	2,515	2,805
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	28,705	21,070	7,635	970	730	240
50. Visual and performing arts	163,925	64,105	99,815	4,355	1,785	2,570
Humanities	266,665	95,805	170,855	8,305	3,110	5,190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	29,210	5,775	23,435	600	180	420
23. English language and literature/letters	73,110	20,225	52,885	2,535	770	1,770
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	72,145	24,330	47,815	1,820	610	1,215
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	1,665	615	1,045	45	15	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	17,755	9,925	7,830	570	290	280
39. Theology and religious vocations	19,390	11,790	7,605	555	330	225
54. History	42,315	21,735	20,585	1,740	830	910
55. French language and literature/letters	11,075	1,415	9,655	425	75	350
Social and behavioural sciences and law	648,285	207,200	441,085	19,585	6,095	13,490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	8,630	1,785	6,845	350	70	280
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	67,115	26,015	41,105	1,965	695	1,270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	111,550	8,405	103,145	3,290	255	3,035
22. Legal professions and studies	108,895	34,250	74,650	3,140	930	2,210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	12,875	2,705	10,170	300	70	230
42. Psychology	93,770	21,045	72,725	4,025	1,035	2,990
45. Social sciences	245,445	113,000	132,445	6,505	3,030	3,475
Business, management and public administration	1,026,975	414,425	612,550	36,265	12,865	23,405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	2,225	715	1,510	70	15	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	88,130	16,590	71,540	2,330	550	1,775
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	936,620	397,120	539,500	33,870	12,295	21,580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	190,235	88,535	101,700	7,315	3,485	3,825
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	84,580	33,150	51,425	3,575	1,470	2,100
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	41,255	18,020	23,240	1,490	595	885
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	3,135	975	2,165	90	25	65
40. Physical sciences	52,490	33,175	19,310	1,965	1,360	605
41. Science technologies/technicians	8,775	3,215	5,555	200	30	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	252,275	162,360	89,915	8,505	5,570	2,935
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	198,775	136,120	62,655	7,130	4,915	2,215
25. Library science	10,755	1,765	8,995	485	75	410
27. Mathematics and statistics	38,160	21,440	16,720	775	485	290
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	4,580	3,030	1,550	115	90	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	878,300	779,075	99,225	28,850	26,345	2,510
04. Architecture and related services	42,115	27,365	14,745	735	450	290
14. Engineering	266,040	211,240	54,800	5,890	4,910	980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	178,830	160,160	18,675	6,725	6,070	655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	140	25	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	141,515	138,160	3,360	6,640	6,405	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	162,855	158,770	4,080	6,105	5,865	245
48. Precision production	86,805	83,355	3,450	2,755	2,650	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	82,775	49,710	33,065	1,830	970	855
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50,160	30,065	20,095	835	415	420
03. Natural resources and conservation	32,615	19,650	12,965	990	555	440
Health and related fields	664,880	133,665	531,220	22,200	4,290	17,915
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	58,160	27,950	30,205	1,510	760	750
51. Health professions and related programs	589,085	96,720	492,365	19,940	3,100	16,840
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	17,640	8,990	8,645	760	430	325
Personal, protective and transportation services	259,400	129,985	129,415	9,885	5,280	4,605
12. Personal and culinary services	137,250	36,225	101,030	5,635	1,575	4,055
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	1,685	1,405	280	170	165	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,415	1,270	145	310	280	30
43. Security and protective services	77,190	52,840	24,345	1,600	1,265	335
49. Transportation and materials moving	41,855	38,245	3,610	2,175	1,995	180
Other	1,125	220	900	40	10	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,125	225	900	40	0	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	336,990	161,865	175,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445	134,765	68,115	66,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240	202,225	93,750	108,480
Location of study inside Canada	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690	184,165	84,625	99,545
Same as province or territory of residence	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960	140,590	63,300	77,290
Different than province or territory of residence	372,470	179,735	192,730	43,580	21,325	22,255
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	1,290,035	634,485	655,545	18,055	9,120	8,935
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	167,260	89,350	77,910	3,800	2,010	1,790
Philippines	115,410	39,750	75,655	1,110	390	720
India	169,340	85,500	83,840	1,470	770	700
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	115,690	66,215	49,470	3,175	1,855	1,320
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	98,415	46,230	52,185	815	315	495
France	10,775	5,800	4,975	250	145	100
Other	613,145	301,635	311,510	7,440	3,635	3,810
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500	225,315	108,680	116,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160	68,455	36,055	32,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335	156,860	72,625	84,235
Location of study inside Canada	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540	142,920	65,835	77,090
Same as province or territory of residence	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850	108,590	49,065	59,520
Different than province or territory of residence	281,130	135,440	145,690	34,335	16,765	17,570
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	994,025	470,225	523,800	13,940	6,795	7,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	127,005	65,045	61,960	2,510	1,275	1,235
Philippines	97,230	32,925	64,300	1,030	370	660
India	143,205	70,040	73,175	1,165	605	565
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	62,325	34,315	28,010	2,050	1,175	875
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	82,020	37,900	44,125	660	260	400
France	8,705	4,630	4,070	200	115	85
Other	473,530	225,365	248,160	6,320	2,995	3,330
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680	336,990	161,860	175,125
In the labour force	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055	225,855	115,025	110,830
Employed	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895	209,350	105,865	103,490
Unemployed	529,525	275,370	254,160	16,505	9,165	7,345
Not in the labour force	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630	111,130	46,835	64,295
Participation rate	64.7	69.1	60.6	67.0	71.1	63.3
Employment rate	59.9	63.9	56.1	62.1	65.4	59.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.5	7.4	7.3	8.0	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	336,990	161,860	175,125
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755	101,955	43,040	58,920
Worked	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925	235,030	118,825	116,210
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935	128,760	69,880	58,880
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995	106,275	48,945	57,335
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.4	42.3	43.1	43.6	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055	225,855	115,030	110,830
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	171,050	81,735	89,315	4,065	2,120	1,950
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735	221,785	112,905	108,880
Employee	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295	201,580	100,695	100,880
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	824,595	523,145	301,445	20,205	12,210	7,995
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050	225,855	115,025	110,830
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	171,045	81,735	89,315	4,070	2,120	1,950
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735	221,785	112,905	108,880
0 Management occupations	790,880	483,240	307,635	24,330	14,500	9,835
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,124,770	357,215	767,555	36,720	10,880	25,835
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	516,110	399,195	116,915	17,555	14,110	3,450
3 Health occupations	447,045	90,495	356,550	17,425	3,410	14,015
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	831,340	265,075	566,265	30,370	12,010	18,360
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	225,720	104,445	121,275	7,550	3,570	3,980
6 Sales and service occupations	1,632,085	709,375	922,710	55,150	24,340	30,805
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	927,820	866,870	60,950	26,160	24,865	1,300
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	113,405	88,150	25,260	2,735	2,310	430
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	361,455	243,835	117,620	3,790	2,915	870
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050	225,855	115,025	110,825
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	171,050	81,730	89,315	4,065	2,120	1,950
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735	221,785	112,910	108,880
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	102,070	67,005	35,070	1,440	1,070	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	32,340	27,920	4,415	1,115	970	145
22 Utilities	50,820	38,195	12,630	1,600	1,045	550
23 Construction	476,835	419,600	57,230	13,805	12,275	1,535
31-33 Manufacturing	683,335	482,800	200,530	10,000	7,315	2,695
41 Wholesale trade	270,745	178,945	91,800	7,070	5,105	1,965
44-45 Retail trade	783,540	367,175	416,365	26,545	11,985	14,565
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	329,240	242,045	87,190	10,020	7,635	2,385
51 Information and cultural industries	176,715	101,045	75,670	6,320	3,610	2,710
52 Finance and insurance	380,765	169,590	211,180	10,370	4,235	6,130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	144,275	77,385	66,890	4,390	2,455	1,935
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	567,825	316,685	251,140	17,540	9,885	7,655
55 Management of companies and enterprises	12,365	5,290	7,075	230	90	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	338,640	190,210	148,430	11,680	6,820	4,860
61 Educational services	528,470	163,680	364,795	17,530	5,935	11,595
62 Health care and social assistance	754,555	134,270	620,275	28,970	5,415	23,555
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	147,425	75,330	72,095	4,835	2,495	2,345
72 Accommodation and food services	478,070	201,260	276,805	16,125	6,840	9,280
81 Other services (except public administration)	296,960	133,220	163,745	8,845	3,785	5,065
91 Public administration	415,635	216,250	199,385	23,360	13,965	9,390
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900	209,350	105,865	103,485
Worked at home	480,290	242,495	237,795	13,580	6,565	7,010
Worked outside Canada	39,145	25,995	13,150	1,040	710	325
No fixed workplace address	736,715	536,140	200,570	22,200	16,350	5,850
Worked at usual place	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375	172,535	82,235	90,295
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375	172,530	82,240	90,295
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810	166,455	78,620	87,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	857,565	419,960	437,605	105	90	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,350,375	749,770	600,605	4,150	2,315	1,830
Commute to a different province or territory	38,990	21,630	17,355	1,825	1,215	605
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945	194,735	98,585	96,150
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945	137,070	73,075	63,995
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	372,480	151,880	220,600	14,265	5,220	9,045
Public transit	888,920	376,690	512,235	22,975	9,960	13,015
Walked	320,015	143,885	176,130	15,925	7,495	8,430
Bicycle	75,460	50,200	25,260	1,965	1,310	655
Other method	60,620	30,835	29,785	2,535	1,525	1,005
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950	194,735	98,585	96,150
Less than 15 minutes	1,463,845	675,540	788,310	48,560	22,250	26,315
15 to 29 minutes	1,964,690	991,525	973,165	79,430	41,260	38,165
30 to 44 minutes	1,295,375	706,155	589,225	42,820	22,660	20,160
45 to 59 minutes	612,415	336,090	276,325	13,960	6,940	7,020
60 minutes and over	756,385	436,455	319,930	9,960	5,475	4,490
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950	194,735	98,585	96,150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	413,515	296,265	117,245	9,335	6,045	3,295
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,039,255	640,810	398,445	37,975	22,695	15,280
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,571,230	778,100	793,130	58,965	29,470	29,495
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,354,870	577,565	777,310	41,865	17,970	23,900
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	740,330	328,410	411,920	19,590	8,615	10,975
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	973,515	524,620	448,895	26,995	13,790	13,200
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200	241,310	121,735	119,570
Single responses	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015	239,795	121,105	118,685
Official languages	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955	239,060	120,710	118,350
English	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655	237,540	120,315	117,220
French	94,145	34,850	59,295	1,520	390	1,130
Non-official languages	115,320	61,255	54,060	740	395	340
Aboriginal languages	1,485	765	715	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,420	745	675	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	370	220	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	360	215	145	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,050	525	525	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	495	235	265	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	545	290	260	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	113,835	60,490	53,340	735	400	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,305	1,995	1,310	150	115	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	125	45	80	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	110	35	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,175	1,955	1,225	150	110	40
Amharic	75	30	45	10	0	0
Arabic	2,430	1,605	825	130	100	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	145	110	40	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	395	140	260	15	15	10
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	30	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,575	1,065	1,510	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	50	50	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,480	1,015	1,465	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,280	495	790	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	20	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,145	435	705	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,980	945	1,035	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	45	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,870	900	975	0	0	0
Telugu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	38,960	21,375	17,580	200	110	90
Albanian	275	170	105	0	0	0
Armenian	145	75	75	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	6,655	3,165	3,495	30	20	10
Baltic languages	70	25	40	0	0	10
Latvian	20	10	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	6,595	3,135	3,455	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	55	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	120	85	40	0	0	0
Croatian	155	100	50	0	0	0
Czech	25	20	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Polish	1,925	960	960	0	0	0
Russian	2,905	1,240	1,670	30	20	10
Serbian	390	240	145	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	55	40	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	780	320	460	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,905	3,655	3,250	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	20	10	10	0
Dutch	790	425	365	0	0	0
Frisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
German	5,690	3,005	2,690	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swedish	55	15	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	240	155	80	0	0	0
Greek	405	240	165	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	11,880	6,560	5,315	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	9,205	4,900	4,310	20	20	0
Bengali	335	160	170	0	0	0
Gujarati	730	255	475	0	0	0
Hindi	800	380	415	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nepali	80	30	50	20	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,025	3,480	2,550	10	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	1,150	555	600	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,660	1,655	1,005	30	10	20
Kurdish	105	95	15	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,530	1,555	975	30	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	12,680	7,505	5,170	80	35	40
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	945	505	445	10	10	0
Portuguese	5,815	3,865	1,950	30	10	20
Romanian	300	140	160	0	0	0
Spanish	5,590	2,985	2,605	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	1,010	360	655	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,945	2,505	2,445	30	10	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	25	15	15	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	810	295	515	30	0	25
American Sign Language	575	170	410	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	225	130	100	10	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	57,620	30,735	26,890	280	150	125
Chinese languages	57,535	30,690	26,840	280	150	130
Cantonese	26,955	14,190	12,770	60	35	25
Hakka	30	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	29,090	15,730	13,360	205	100	100
Min Dong	30	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	250	155	90	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,145	565	580	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	90	50	45	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	235	95	145	0	0	0
Lao	80	40	35	0	0	0
Thai	160	55	105	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	465	315	150	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkish	440	295	140	10	0	10
Uyghur	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	420	205	220	0	0	0
Estonian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Finnish	75	25	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	165	130	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	144,405	67,215	77,185	1,510	630	880
English and French	63,665	26,760	36,900	920	335	585
English and non-official language	78,240	39,330	38,910	555	285	280
French and non-official language	175	75	100	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	2,325	1,055	1,270	30	15	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200	241,305	121,740	119,570
None	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930	230,880	116,660	114,225
English	109,150	48,930	60,220	1,330	460	870
French	260,050	118,655	141,395	7,045	3,575	3,465
Non-official language	226,490	119,130	107,360	1,905	955	950
Aboriginal	5,970	2,480	3,490	30	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	220,520	116,650	103,870	1,870	940	935
English and French	245	100	150	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,620	780	845	0	0	0
French and non-official language	6,080	2,780	3,300	150	85	60
English, French and non-official language	35	25	10	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520	393,605	190,850	202,755
Non-movers	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695	334,905	162,305	172,605
Movers	1,631,005	800,180	830,820	58,700	28,545	30,155
Non-migrants	941,380	460,170	481,210	41,625	20,265	21,360
Migrants	689,625	340,015	349,610	17,070	8,280	8,790
Internal migrants	535,180	263,055	272,120	12,075	5,790	6,285
Intraprovincial migrants	467,890	229,080	238,810	4,120	1,835	2,285
Interprovincial migrants	67,290	33,980	33,315	7,950	3,950	4,005
External migrants	154,445	76,955	77,490	4,995	2,490	2,505
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325	377,605	182,715	194,890
Non-movers	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880	227,290	109,635	117,655
Movers	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445	150,315	73,085	77,230
Non-migrants	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820	99,250	48,120	51,130
Migrants	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630	51,065	24,965	26,100
Internal migrants	1,562,375	761,630	800,740	36,415	17,315	19,100
Intraprovincial migrants	1,380,900	672,540	708,360	11,995	5,395	6,595
Interprovincial migrants	181,480	89,090	92,390	24,420	11,920	12,505
External migrants	549,965	271,080	278,885	14,650	7,645	7,000