Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ontario [Province] and St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ontario [Province]			St. Catharines - Niagara Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Ontario [Province]  Map : Ontario [Province] Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Catharines - Niagara [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	13,448,494	...	...	406,074	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	12,851,821	...	...	392,184	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	5,598,391	...	...	180,606	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	5,169,174	...	...	168,485	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14.8	...	...	290.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	908,699.33	...	...	1,397.49	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	13,448,495	6,559,390	6,889,105	406,075	196,310	209,765
0 to 14 years	2,207,970	1,131,615	1,076,350	59,115	30,265	28,855
0 to 4 years	697,360	357,300	340,055	18,360	9,405	8,955
5 to 9 years	756,085	387,320	368,765	19,995	10,180	9,815
10 to 14 years	754,530	387,000	367,530	20,765	10,680	10,085
15 to 64 years	8,988,865	4,412,115	4,576,750	258,550	126,325	132,225
15 to 19 years	811,670	416,730	394,945	23,145	11,785	11,360
20 to 24 years	894,390	457,815	436,570	25,755	12,940	12,810
25 to 29 years	874,350	436,345	438,010	23,015	11,665	11,350
30 to 34 years	864,765	420,800	443,965	21,760	10,655	11,105
35 to 39 years	842,485	402,900	439,585	21,440	10,360	11,080
40 to 44 years	871,875	418,465	453,415	23,385	11,230	12,155
45 to 49 years	937,385	453,105	484,275	26,360	12,755	13,610
50 to 54 years	1,056,345	517,170	539,175	31,945	15,500	16,445
55 to 59 years	989,460	482,280	507,180	31,830	15,285	16,545
60 to 64 years	846,145	406,505	439,640	29,915	14,150	15,765
65 years and over	2,251,655	1,015,655	1,236,000	88,405	39,720	48,685
65 to 69 years	737,745	352,475	385,270	27,635	13,225	14,420
70 to 74 years	528,645	250,455	278,185	20,840	9,995	10,845
75 to 79 years	393,010	179,810	213,195	15,145	6,995	8,150
80 to 84 years	291,185	126,825	164,360	11,695	4,955	6,735
85 years and over	301,075	106,090	194,985	13,090	4,555	8,540
85 to 89 years	188,470	73,045	115,425	8,175	3,155	5,025
90 to 94 years	88,390	27,400	60,990	3,895	1,175	2,715
95 to 99 years	21,210	5,150	16,060	910	215	700
100 years and over	3,005	495	2,520	110	10	100
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	17.3	15.6	14.6	15.4	13.8
15 to 64 years	66.8	67.3	66.4	63.7	64.3	63.0
65 years and over	16.7	15.5	17.9	21.8	20.2	23.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	3.2	2.3	4.1
Average age of the population	41.0	40.0	41.9	44.1	42.9	45.2
Median age of the population	41.3	40.2	42.4	46.0	44.7	47.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Single-detached house	2,807,380	...	...	112,405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	886,705	...	...	9,860	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	1,460,200	...	...	45,940	...	...
Semi-detached house	289,975	...	...	9,115	...	...
Row house	460,425	...	...	10,735	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	176,080	...	...	6,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	522,810	...	...	19,275	...	...
Other single-attached house	10,910	...	...	635	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	14,890	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	5,169,170	...	...	168,485	...	...
1 person	1,341,300	...	...	48,300	...	...
2 persons	1,693,525	...	...	62,155	...	...
3 persons	834,260	...	...	25,225	...	...
4 persons	796,320	...	...	21,205	...	...
5 or more persons	503,775	...	...	11,600	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,242,160	...	...	396,870	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	11,240,525	5,427,775	5,812,750	346,955	166,045	180,905
Married or living common law	6,438,085	3,219,290	3,218,795	195,565	97,845	97,725
Married	5,531,930	2,764,275	2,767,655	165,195	82,690	82,505
Living common law	906,155	455,015	451,145	30,370	15,155	15,215
Not married and not living common law	4,802,440	2,208,485	2,593,955	151,390	68,205	83,185
Never married	3,182,785	1,689,180	1,493,605	89,620	48,100	41,520
Separated	328,675	138,140	190,535	12,605	5,440	7,160
Divorced	653,835	252,900	400,935	23,465	9,395	14,065
Widowed	637,150	128,265	508,880	25,705	5,265	20,440
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	3,782,540	...	...	116,975	...	...
2 persons	1,815,000	...	...	64,460	...	...
3 persons	844,545	...	...	24,200	...	...
4 persons	792,435	...	...	19,940	...	...
5 or more persons	330,560	...	...	8,380	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	3,782,545	...	...	116,975	...	...
Total couple families	3,137,570	...	...	95,515	...	...
Married couples	2,684,735	...	...	80,335	...	...
Common-law couples	452,840	...	...	15,180	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	644,975	...	...	21,460	...	...
Female parent	518,480	...	...	17,120	...	...
Male parent	126,495	...	...	4,335	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,137,565	...	...	95,515	...	...
Couples without children	1,428,575	...	...	51,070	...	...
Couples with children	1,708,995	...	...	44,440	...	...
1 child	658,305	...	...	18,305	...	...
2 children	738,710	...	...	18,305	...	...
3 or more children	311,975	...	...	7,835	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	644,975	...	...	21,460	...	...
1 child	386,425	...	...	13,385	...	...
2 children	186,240	...	...	5,895	...	...
3 or more children	72,310	...	...	2,175	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,139,825	990,525	1,149,300	70,630	32,130	38,500
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
One-census-family households	3,481,885	...	...	111,480	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	1,311,575	...	...	48,800	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	2,170,315	...	...	62,680	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	145,615	...	...	2,710	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,541,665	...	...	54,295	...	...
One-person households	1,341,305	...	...	48,295	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	200,365	...	...	5,995	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,565	193,960	205,605
English only	11,455,500	5,689,830	5,765,665	364,650	178,910	185,740
French only	40,040	17,340	22,705	400	160	240
English and French	1,490,390	665,850	824,540	31,730	13,740	17,990
Neither English nor French	326,935	130,850	196,085	2,780	1,145	1,635
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	13,312,865	6,503,880	6,808,995	399,565	193,960	205,605
English	12,394,325	6,095,970	6,298,355	384,230	187,135	197,095
French	504,130	236,875	267,250	11,510	5,205	6,300
English and French	92,940	42,910	50,030	1,115	510	610
Neither English nor French	321,480	128,125	193,355	2,710	1,110	1,600
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	550,600	258,330	292,270	12,070	5,460	6,605
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	4.1	4.0	4.3	3.0	2.8	3.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	13,312,870	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,565	193,960	205,605
Single responses	12,946,960	6,327,630	6,619,330	393,560	191,155	202,410
Official languages	9,393,040	4,637,520	4,755,520	337,345	164,655	172,690
English	8,902,320	4,406,210	4,496,110	325,290	159,170	166,115
French	490,715	231,310	259,410	12,055	5,485	6,570
Non-official languages	3,553,920	1,690,110	1,863,810	56,215	26,495	29,715
Aboriginal languages	22,765	10,815	11,950	65	25	40
Algonquian languages	21,235	10,175	11,060	35	15	20
Blackfoot	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,080	2,485	2,595	5	5	5
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	85	40	45	0	0	0
Naskapi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	55	25	30	0	0	0
Plains Cree	35	5	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	355	135	225	0	5	0
Woods Cree	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	4,500	2,255	2,245	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	90	40	50	5	5	5
Malecite	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	85	35	50	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	16,025	7,620	8,400	20	10	15
Algonquin	65	30	35	0	0	0
Ojibway	9,505	4,515	4,985	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	6,310	3,015	3,300	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	145	65	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	475	165	305	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	425	145	280	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	710	300	410	25	10	15
Cayuga	40	20	20	5	5	0
Mohawk	590	255	335	20	5	15
Oneida	55	15	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	25	15	15	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	130	105	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,531,160	1,679,300	1,851,865	56,150	26,465	29,680
Afro-Asiatic languages	253,830	127,720	126,110	2,765	1,430	1,335
Berber languages	725	405	320	5	5	0
Kabyle	425	225	200	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	305	180	120	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	24,605	10,730	13,870	170	75	90
Bilen	250	140	110	0	0	0
Oromo	1,445	720	730	5	5	5
Somali	22,680	9,755	12,925	160	70	90
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	225	115	110	5	0	5
Semitic languages	227,985	116,320	111,665	2,585	1,355	1,230
Amharic	10,720	4,960	5,760	50	20	30
Arabic	171,370	88,400	82,965	2,245	1,170	1,075
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	14,555	7,135	7,420	45	25	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	4,795	2,365	2,425	0	0	0
Harari	1,030	485	545	0	0	0
Hebrew	11,575	6,220	5,350	60	40	25
Maltese	5,175	2,575	2,600	120	65	55
Tigrigna	7,345	3,470	3,870	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,435	705	730	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	520	265	250	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	78,125	35,880	42,240	915	420	490
Khmer (Cambodian)	7,355	3,330	4,020	180	75	105
Vietnamese	70,690	32,520	38,165	730	345	385
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	30	50	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	194,380	76,060	118,315	2,155	785	1,375
Bikol	595	260	330	10	5	5
Cebuano	6,545	2,500	4,045	85	25	60
Fijian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,750	1,030	1,725	30	10	15
Ilocano	11,285	4,430	6,860	90	40	50
Malagasy	100	45	55	0	0	0
Malay	5,760	2,520	3,240	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,505	670	840	15	10	5
Pangasinan	535	215	315	10	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	163,415	63,665	99,755	1,870	680	1,190
Waray-Waray	405	140	270	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,400	550	850	5	5	5
Creole languages	11,255	5,095	6,165	230	120	110
Haitian Creole	630	290	340	30	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	8,025	3,580	4,440	165	85	85
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,605	1,225	1,380	25	15	10
Dravidian languages	148,605	73,530	75,075	465	245	220
Kannada	2,670	1,365	1,305	15	10	5
Malayalam	17,140	8,795	8,350	280	155	130
Tamil	117,630	57,310	60,320	130	70	65
Telugu	10,820	5,895	4,925	35	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	340	165	175	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	525	250	270	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,024,365	980,200	1,044,165	40,300	19,180	21,120
Albanian	19,045	9,535	9,510	165	75	85
Armenian	15,070	7,305	7,765	215	95	120
Balto-Slavic languages	410,725	188,695	222,025	10,220	4,595	5,625
Baltic languages	9,080	3,785	5,295	240	95	140
Latvian	3,910	1,650	2,260	115	40	70
Lithuanian	5,175	2,135	3,035	125	55	70
Slavic languages	401,645	184,915	216,730	9,985	4,505	5,480
Belarusan	515	230	280	10	5	10
Bosnian	6,370	3,125	3,245	195	105	90
Bulgarian	9,095	4,355	4,740	320	150	170
Croatian	31,875	15,460	16,410	845	400	440
Czech	10,670	4,930	5,740	305	145	155
Macedonian	15,635	7,470	8,165	95	50	45
Polish	121,075	54,675	66,405	3,445	1,480	1,965
Russian	101,100	45,630	55,470	1,100	475	625
Serbian	41,740	20,585	21,150	1,310	655	655
Serbo-Croatian	4,875	2,310	2,570	120	55	65
Slovak	10,280	4,710	5,565	400	180	220
Slovene (Slovenian)	6,740	2,995	3,745	330	135	195
Ukrainian	40,375	17,760	22,610	1,490	645	840
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	1,310	670	635	30	15	10
Celtic languages	1,110	505	605	35	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	450	210	240	15	5	5
Welsh	435	180	260	10	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	225	120	110	5	5	0
Germanic languages	200,640	94,475	106,165	9,370	4,365	5,000
Afrikaans	2,295	1,125	1,170	120	50	60
Danish	4,265	2,010	2,250	145	65	80
Dutch	51,720	24,875	26,840	3,200	1,530	1,675
Frisian	1,240	630	620	65	30	30
German	131,525	61,520	70,005	5,675	2,620	3,055
Icelandic	210	100	110	5	0	0
Norwegian	940	405	540	25	10	15
Swedish	2,395	1,040	1,350	75	25	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	2,150	925	1,225	40	15	25
Yiddish	3,735	1,765	1,970	15	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	170	80	85	5	5	0
Greek	55,415	27,305	28,110	700	350	355
Indo-Iranian languages	707,845	357,350	350,495	3,695	1,900	1,795
Indo-Aryan languages	565,600	285,720	279,875	2,985	1,540	1,445
Bengali	46,810	23,615	23,195	165	90	80
Gujarati	76,675	38,740	37,940	585	305	275
Hindi	58,735	29,805	28,930	445	255	190
Kashmiri	345	170	175	5	5	0
Konkani	2,510	1,195	1,315	5	0	0
Marathi	5,490	2,805	2,685	50	25	20
Nepali	7,870	3,915	3,960	45	25	20
Oriya (Odia)	715	380	335	0	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	197,060	100,160	96,895	625	290	335
Sindhi	6,840	3,225	3,615	30	20	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10,165	4,925	5,235	80	45	35
Urdu	152,385	76,795	75,595	945	485	465
Iranian languages	139,675	70,270	69,405	675	345	330
Kurdish	6,665	3,615	3,050	210	100	105
Pashto	10,950	5,630	5,315	45	25	20
Persian (Farsi)	122,070	61,025	61,040	415	220	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,565	1,350	1,215	40	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages	614,525	295,030	319,490	15,895	7,770	8,135
Catalan	285	150	135	5	5	0
Italian	231,040	112,440	118,600	10,185	4,960	5,225
Portuguese	150,000	72,280	77,715	860	410	445
Romanian	41,755	19,565	22,190	400	190	205
Spanish	191,025	90,390	100,630	4,435	2,190	2,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	420	200	215	20	10	10
Japanese	13,260	4,590	8,670	325	100	220
Kartvelian languages	1,200	635	565	10	10	0
Georgian	1,200	635	565	10	5	5
Korean	69,775	32,035	37,740	1,260	595	665
Mongolic languages	405	180	220	0	0	0
Mongolian	405	180	225	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35,760	16,705	19,050	535	260	275
Akan (Twi)	9,695	4,510	5,190	75	45	35
Bamanankan	140	60	80	0	0	0
Edo	1,140	475	670	5	5	5
Ewe	560	270	295	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	365	180	185	0	0	5
Ga	600	275	325	0	0	0
Ganda	760	360	400	5	5	5
Igbo	2,090	1,080	1,010	15	10	10
Lingala	850	365	485	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,430	640	785	20	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,330	545	785	15	5	10
Shona	1,455	660	790	120	50	70
Swahili	5,525	2,540	2,985	100	45	55
Wolof	290	145	150	0	0	5
Yoruba	4,365	2,260	2,105	55	35	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5,155	2,345	2,810	90	45	45
Nilo-Saharan languages	1,610	810	800	15	5	10
Dinka	345	170	175	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,260	635	625	10	5	5
Sign languages	3,030	1,570	1,455	80	45	40
American Sign Language	1,305	640	670	40	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,700	925	780	40	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	611,795	284,865	326,935	4,580	2,095	2,485
Chinese languages	602,610	280,340	322,270	4,550	2,080	2,470
Cantonese	275,315	128,090	147,220	1,215	575	650
Hakka	6,985	3,140	3,840	20	5	5
Mandarin	283,735	132,275	151,460	2,890	1,295	1,595
Min Dong	855	405	450	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,545	6,240	7,300	90	40	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,300	2,825	3,470	45	15	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	15,645	7,235	8,410	280	140	140
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	240	120	120	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	9,185	4,520	4,660	25	10	15
Burmese	1,640	775	865	5	0	5
Karenic languages	1,730	865	860	5	5	5
Tibetan	5,115	2,530	2,585	20	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	700	345	350	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	8,485	3,535	4,945	330	145	180
Lao	5,190	2,480	2,710	255	125	130
Thai	3,270	1,045	2,220	75	20	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,615	11,745	10,870	345	195	150
Azerbaijani	1,990	1,070	920	20	10	10
Turkish	18,415	9,610	8,810	300	170	130
Uyghur	515	255	260	15	5	5
Uzbek	1,055	515	545	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	640	295	345	10	5	5
Uralic languages	50,670	23,095	27,570	1,825	825	1,000
Estonian	4,205	1,810	2,400	120	50	70
Finnish	9,720	4,140	5,580	130	60	70
Hungarian	36,740	17,150	19,590	1,575	715	860
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,475	780	690	20	15	5
Multiple responses	365,910	176,250	189,660	6,005	2,810	3,200
English and French	54,045	25,165	28,880	1,665	765	905
English and non-official language	288,285	140,345	147,940	4,020	1,895	2,125
French and non-official language	12,565	5,735	6,830	175	75	100
English, French and non-official language	11,010	5,000	6,005	135	70	70
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,565	193,960	205,605
Single responses	12,522,045	6,123,955	6,398,085	388,540	188,910	199,630
Official languages	10,605,725	5,214,425	5,391,300	367,030	178,855	188,180
English	10,328,680	5,084,885	5,243,800	363,590	177,375	186,215
French	277,045	129,540	147,500	3,445	1,480	1,965
Non-official languages	1,916,315	909,530	1,006,780	21,505	10,055	11,450
Aboriginal languages	9,210	4,600	4,610	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	8,685	4,370	4,320	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,370	1,205	1,165	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	10	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	105	50	55	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	2,220	1,135	1,085	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	6,305	3,155	3,145	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	3,315	1,695	1,620	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	2,905	1,420	1,490	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	160	60	90	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	140	60	80	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	210	90	120	5	0	0
Cayuga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	185	80	100	0	0	0
Oneida	20	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	120	55	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,907,105	904,930	1,002,170	21,500	10,055	11,445
Afro-Asiatic languages	138,460	66,865	71,590	1,420	695	730
Berber languages	345	175	170	0	0	5
Kabyle	255	125	130	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	14,460	6,100	8,360	110	50	65
Bilen	170	80	85	0	0	0
Oromo	805	380	425	0	0	5
Somali	13,370	5,590	7,780	105	50	60
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	110	50	65	5	0	0
Semitic languages	123,410	60,475	62,940	1,305	640	665
Amharic	5,625	2,540	3,085	10	5	5
Arabic	94,195	46,505	47,695	1,205	585	620
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	9,515	4,595	4,920	20	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,915	1,410	1,500	0	0	0
Harari	555	250	305	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,850	2,505	2,345	20	15	10
Maltese	1,090	505	580	15	5	0
Tigrigna	3,920	1,805	2,115	25	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	755	360	395	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	245	115	125	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	50,245	23,105	27,140	550	255	290
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,770	1,650	2,120	80	35	45
Vietnamese	46,435	21,435	25,000	465	220	250
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85,370	36,525	48,845	850	370	475
Bikol	90	35	55	0	0	0
Cebuano	2,325	1,020	1,315	30	15	15
Fijian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	910	385	530	10	0	5
Ilocano	4,100	1,780	2,320	35	20	15
Malagasy	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malay	1,810	860	945	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	445	200	250	5	0	0
Pangasinan	90	40	50	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75,070	31,965	43,105	755	330	425
Waray-Waray	90	35	55	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	380	175	200	0	0	0
Creole languages	5,325	2,355	2,970	135	65	70
Haitian Creole	355	165	190	25	15	15
Creole, n.o.s.	3,995	1,735	2,255	95	40	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	975	455	520	10	10	5
Dravidian languages	96,250	46,575	49,680	170	85	90
Kannada	1,060	540	520	0	5	0
Malayalam	8,760	4,460	4,295	120	60	65
Tamil	80,600	38,460	42,140	40	20	20
Telugu	5,705	3,050	2,655	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	125	55	70	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	200	95	105	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	978,300	469,640	508,670	13,160	6,120	7,040
Albanian	9,190	4,580	4,605	75	40	40
Armenian	8,630	4,065	4,560	75	30	40
Balto-Slavic languages	192,945	90,585	102,365	3,845	1,775	2,070
Baltic languages	2,305	950	1,355	45	15	35
Latvian	860	350	515	20	5	10
Lithuanian	1,440	600	840	30	10	20
Slavic languages	190,645	89,635	101,005	3,800	1,760	2,040
Belarusan	175	80	90	5	5	0
Bosnian	3,220	1,595	1,620	125	65	60
Bulgarian	4,830	2,350	2,480	165	80	90
Croatian	11,125	5,275	5,855	250	105	140
Czech	3,070	1,480	1,595	65	30	40
Macedonian	6,255	2,965	3,285	40	25	20
Polish	52,555	24,510	28,045	1,285	580	710
Russian	63,570	29,655	33,920	620	300	320
Serbian	23,175	11,335	11,840	710	345	365
Serbo-Croatian	1,925	920	1,010	35	15	20
Slovak	3,520	1,680	1,845	80	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,465	645	815	70	30	40
Ukrainian	15,415	6,995	8,420	325	140	185
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	355	160	190	5	0	5
Celtic languages	120	65	55	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	60	30	25	0	0	0
Welsh	30	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	5	0
Germanic languages	44,515	21,630	22,880	1,140	545	600
Afrikaans	755	365	390	50	25	25
Danish	280	135	150	10	5	5
Dutch	4,450	2,145	2,305	115	50	70
Frisian	90	45	45	5	5	5
German	37,255	18,140	19,120	945	455	495
Icelandic	45	20	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	385	190	190	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	145	60	85	5	0	0
Yiddish	370	190	185	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	655	315	340	5	0	0
Greek	21,700	10,160	11,535	235	115	125
Indo-Iranian languages	435,835	215,755	220,080	1,930	965	970
Indo-Aryan languages	344,050	171,125	172,920	1,595	805	790
Bengali	29,590	14,595	14,995	90	45	40
Gujarati	45,445	22,410	23,035	360	190	170
Hindi	28,960	14,485	14,475	215	125	95
Kashmiri	65	30	35	0	0	0
Konkani	540	260	280	0	0	0
Marathi	2,420	1,230	1,190	20	10	5
Nepali	5,640	2,815	2,820	35	20	20
Oriya (Odia)	325	160	165	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	132,135	66,410	65,725	325	150	180
Sindhi	2,880	1,320	1,560	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	4,595	2,250	2,345	25	10	15
Urdu	91,450	45,160	46,295	505	250	255
Iranian languages	90,730	44,090	46,640	335	160	175
Kurdish	3,675	1,900	1,770	115	55	65
Pashto	6,750	3,360	3,395	15	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	80,305	38,830	41,475	195	95	105
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,050	540	515	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	265,375	122,790	142,585	5,845	2,650	3,195
Catalan	135	60	75	0	0	0
Italian	72,960	31,195	41,770	2,825	1,140	1,685
Portuguese	67,415	32,065	35,355	280	125	150
Romanian	19,920	9,380	10,535	170	85	85
Spanish	104,820	50,035	54,785	2,565	1,300	1,270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	5	0	5
Japanese	6,040	2,590	3,450	150	70	75
Kartvelian languages	770	420	355	0	0	0
Georgian	775	420	355	0	0	0
Korean	48,540	22,685	25,855	925	440	485
Mongolic languages	225	115	110	0	0	0
Mongolian	230	120	110	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	12,120	5,400	6,725	130	55	75
Akan (Twi)	4,415	1,915	2,495	10	5	5
Bamanankan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	305	120	180	5	0	5
Ewe	135	60	80	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Ga	175	80	100	0	0	0
Ganda	195	85	110	0	0	0
Igbo	540	265	275	0	0	0
Lingala	225	100	130	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	475	230	240	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	420	160	260	10	0	10
Shona	455	210	245	40	15	20
Swahili	2,085	925	1,160	45	15	25
Wolof	130	65	65	0	0	0
Yoruba	1,300	625	675	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,120	500	625	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	550	260	290	0	0	0
Dinka	120	60	65	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	425	195	225	0	0	0
Sign languages	4,425	2,485	1,940	105	50	50
American Sign Language	1,605	830	770	35	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	2,795	1,640	1,150	70	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	448,200	210,560	237,640	3,150	1,490	1,660
Chinese languages	441,615	207,305	234,310	3,130	1,480	1,645
Cantonese	198,745	91,545	107,200	740	350	390
Hakka	2,870	1,305	1,575	5	0	0
Mandarin	220,535	105,360	115,175	2,155	1,005	1,145
Min Dong	265	115	145	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,775	2,635	3,140	35	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,690	1,735	1,955	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	9,630	4,565	5,070	175	95	80
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,580	3,250	3,330	20	10	10
Burmese	1,010	480	530	0	0	0
Karenic languages	1,360	685	675	5	5	0
Tibetan	3,875	1,925	1,945	15	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	165	170	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	3,865	1,845	2,020	165	75	90
Lao	2,535	1,220	1,315	145	70	75
Thai	1,315	615	695	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	12,435	6,200	6,230	175	95	75
Azerbaijani	770	385	380	10	10	5
Turkish	10,545	5,245	5,300	150	80	70
Uyghur	290	150	140	5	0	0
Uzbek	585	290	295	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15,330	6,990	8,340	425	190	240
Estonian	790	290	500	10	5	5
Finnish	1,835	780	1,050	20	10	5
Hungarian	12,700	5,915	6,790	395	170	225
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	465	245	225	10	5	0
Multiple responses	790,825	379,925	410,905	11,025	5,050	5,970
English and French	45,655	20,895	24,755	1,060	430	630
English and non-official language	719,595	347,730	371,865	9,700	4,505	5,195
French and non-official language	6,725	2,930	3,795	70	30	35
English, French and non-official language	18,855	8,365	10,490	195	85	115
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	13,312,865	6,503,875	6,808,990	399,565	193,960	205,605
None	11,071,665	5,436,665	5,635,000	363,530	177,370	186,165
English	896,170	437,015	459,155	11,235	5,300	5,935
French	243,970	108,390	135,580	6,545	2,795	3,755
Non-official language	1,056,960	501,315	555,645	17,755	8,275	9,480
Aboriginal	14,315	6,580	7,735	110	50	55
Non-Aboriginal	1,042,645	494,735	547,910	17,645	8,220	9,425
English and French	8,150	3,755	4,395	85	40	45
English and non-official language	19,105	9,370	9,735	155	80	80
French and non-official language	16,435	7,165	9,270	255	110	145
English, French and non-official language	415	205	215	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	337,885	162,355	175,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,556,935	5,115,460	5,441,475	326,725	157,230	169,495
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,539	39,889	28,676	30,981	37,659	26,119
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,975	326,835	157,240	169,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,641	35,753	26,585	28,521	34,064	24,430
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,391,800	4,650,130	4,741,675	289,730	142,350	147,385
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,871	39,831	27,012	27,765	34,832	22,209
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,632,575	3,402,810	4,229,770	249,770	112,530	137,235
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,206	2,034	5,463	7,369	6,947	7,568
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350	230,445	118,895	111,545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,946	39,490	29,413	27,837	32,640	24,320
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	337,885	162,340	175,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,556,925	5,114,340	5,442,580	326,830	157,235	169,590
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,915	56,780	39,585	41,013	48,225	34,326
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,559,935	5,114,725	5,445,210	326,950	157,250	169,700
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,318	45,443	33,564	34,933	40,332	29,930
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,391,645	4,649,230	4,742,415	289,750	142,040	147,715
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,890	57,511	38,459	38,851	46,754	31,252
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,632,220	3,402,745	4,229,475	250,210	112,870	137,340
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,346	6,763	7,815	8,580	8,345	8,774
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,790,680	3,995,700	3,794,985	230,440	118,780	111,660
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,369	55,263	39,057	37,900	43,377	32,074
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	337,885	162,335	175,550
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	3,737,385	2,082,480	1,654,900	102,590	57,260	45,330
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,121	60,345	49,713	48,616	54,342	42,654
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	68,628	76,536	58,676	57,607	63,996	49,537
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.9	92.1	84.7	84.1	87.8	79.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.9	76.0	68.7	65.3	68.3	61.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.1	7.9	15.3	15.9	12.2	20.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	337,880	162,355	175,530
Without total income	481,500	227,390	254,115	11,160	5,125	6,035
With total income	10,556,940	5,115,460	5,441,475	326,725	157,235	169,490
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.7	95.5	96.7	96.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,615,790	711,105	904,685	44,440	18,765	25,680
$10,000 to $19,999	1,829,355	742,710	1,086,645	61,685	23,625	38,055
$20,000 to $29,999	1,410,760	589,975	820,785	52,755	20,925	31,835
$30,000 to $39,999	1,147,510	519,550	627,955	42,190	19,865	22,330
$40,000 to $49,999	1,021,880	489,595	532,285	34,620	17,440	17,175
$50,000 to $59,999	809,115	415,950	393,165	25,415	14,190	11,225
$60,000 to $69,999	630,635	348,525	282,110	17,560	10,665	6,890
$70,000 to $79,999	479,890	277,725	202,165	12,270	7,760	4,510
$80,000 to $89,999	378,185	222,095	156,095	9,195	5,930	3,265
$90,000 to $99,999	324,810	181,815	142,995	8,050	4,790	3,260
$100,000 and over	909,005	616,420	292,585	18,545	13,285	5,265
$100,000 to $149,999	600,995	394,410	206,590	13,285	9,285	4,000
$150,000 and over	308,010	222,010	86,000	5,265	4,000	1,265
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	337,885	162,355	175,530
Without after-tax income	478,635	227,025	251,610	11,045	5,115	5,935
With after-tax income	10,559,805	5,115,825	5,443,980	326,840	157,240	169,600
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.8	95.6	96.7	96.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,659,280	722,040	937,235	46,060	19,060	27,000
$10,000 to $19,999	1,906,875	777,330	1,129,540	64,560	24,815	39,745
$20,000 to $29,999	1,623,230	690,290	932,940	60,755	24,820	35,935
$30,000 to $39,999	1,377,100	642,645	734,450	48,640	23,880	24,765
$40,000 to $49,999	1,166,040	585,490	580,555	37,545	20,085	17,460
$50,000 to $59,999	845,305	464,610	380,700	23,450	14,130	9,320
$60,000 to $69,999	604,005	354,015	249,985	15,325	9,885	5,440
$70,000 to $79,999	465,485	268,140	197,345	11,535	7,205	4,330
$80,000 and over	912,490	611,260	301,230	18,955	13,355	5,605
$80,000 to $89,999	299,315	183,410	115,905	7,040	4,535	2,505
$90,000 to $99,999	174,110	116,330	57,785	3,770	2,730	1,040
$100,000 and over	439,070	311,525	127,540	8,145	6,090	2,055
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	11,038,440	5,342,850	5,695,590	337,885	162,360	175,530
Without employment income	3,247,760	1,344,515	1,903,245	107,440	43,460	63,985
With employment income	7,790,680	3,998,335	3,792,350	230,440	118,900	111,545
Percentage with employment income	70.6	74.8	66.6	68.2	73.2	63.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,094,860	546,920	547,940	38,930	21,015	17,920
$5,000 to $9,999	635,305	281,135	354,165	20,155	8,795	11,360
$10,000 to $19,999	1,027,910	464,445	563,465	33,715	14,460	19,255
$20,000 to $29,999	827,805	372,185	455,625	28,285	12,165	16,120
$30,000 to $39,999	767,840	351,925	415,910	24,420	11,095	13,320
$40,000 to $49,999	709,775	341,320	368,450	21,305	10,315	10,990
$50,000 to $59,999	588,220	310,155	278,065	16,305	9,400	6,905
$60,000 to $69,999	465,670	263,430	202,240	11,310	7,150	4,165
$70,000 to $79,999	369,085	218,570	150,515	8,475	5,530	2,940
$80,000 and over	1,304,210	848,245	455,970	27,545	18,970	8,575
$80,000 to $89,999	307,660	182,660	125,005	6,950	4,515	2,430
$90,000 to $99,999	280,530	156,440	124,090	6,970	4,035	2,935
$100,000 and over	716,015	509,140	206,875	13,625	10,420	3,210
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,287	...	...	63,001	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,285	...	...	56,572	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,341,300	...	...	48,295	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,900	...	...	31,749	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,219	...	...	29,197	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,827,875	...	...	120,185	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,967	...	...	78,961	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,528	...	...	70,255	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	97,856	...	...	79,556	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,322	...	...	67,788	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,341,115	...	...	48,240	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,571	...	...	40,496	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,830	...	...	34,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,828,060	...	...	120,250	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,773	...	...	95,224	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,157	...	...	81,044	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Under $5,000	86,720	...	...	2,255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70,245	...	...	2,165	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	134,395	...	...	5,255	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185,245	...	...	7,010	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	200,770	...	...	8,410	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	189,450	...	...	7,560	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	202,580	...	...	8,150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	207,180	...	...	8,295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	206,605	...	...	8,260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	202,015	...	...	8,035	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	388,820	...	...	14,710	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	363,580	...	...	13,085	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335,770	...	...	11,725	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	309,105	...	...	10,290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	282,740	...	...	8,955	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,803,955	...	...	44,325	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560,090	...	...	16,410	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	394,570	...	...	10,415	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	449,885	...	...	10,415	...	...
$200,000 and over	399,410	...	...	7,090	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Under $5,000	92,220	...	...	2,375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	71,480	...	...	2,230	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	136,550	...	...	5,305	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	192,920	...	...	7,385	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	222,605	...	...	9,405	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	211,440	...	...	8,555	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	232,755	...	...	9,220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	244,335	...	...	9,615	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	247,645	...	...	9,670	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	241,965	...	...	9,200	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	463,170	...	...	16,795	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	422,695	...	...	14,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	388,720	...	...	12,905	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	342,330	...	...	10,605	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290,720	...	...	8,690	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,367,630	...	...	31,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	539,915	...	...	14,375	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	334,420	...	...	7,890	...	...
$150,000 and over	493,295	...	...	9,345	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	3,689,580	...	...	115,775	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,089	...	...	79,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,531	...	...	70,456	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,280,890	...	...	47,705	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,459	...	...	72,433	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,237	...	...	64,528	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,716,115	...	...	45,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,381	...	...	105,132	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,205	...	...	91,672	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	584,180	...	...	20,000	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,363	...	...	48,922	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,317	...	...	46,005	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	3,689,080	...	...	115,705	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,328	...	...	95,744	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,410	...	...	81,366	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,280,580	...	...	47,545	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,425	...	...	88,445	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,952	...	...	74,490	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,717,295	...	...	45,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	140,590	...	...	120,130	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,144	...	...	101,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	581,945	...	...	19,930	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,748	...	...	59,016	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,742	...	...	52,777	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,818,815	867,175	951,640	62,585	28,810	33,780
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,097	33,925	30,753	28,442	30,850	27,081
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,417	30,678	28,442	26,465	28,121	25,491
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	1,814,575	864,020	950,555	62,575	28,765	33,815
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,298	46,765	42,057	37,172	39,719	35,006
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,874	38,228	35,644	32,072	33,615	30,760
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	13,242,160	6,472,205	6,769,955	396,865	192,540	204,320
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,335,170	3,016,275	3,318,895	214,745	100,810	113,935
In the bottom decile	1,346,645	651,310	695,335	40,715	19,225	21,495
In the second decile	1,280,675	581,380	699,290	43,855	19,175	24,685
In the third decile	1,237,415	583,840	653,575	44,440	20,595	23,845
In the fourth decile	1,223,510	589,740	633,770	42,735	20,645	22,095
In the fifth decile	1,246,925	610,000	636,930	42,985	21,170	21,815
In the top half of the distribution	6,906,990	3,455,930	3,451,060	182,125	91,735	90,390
In the sixth decile	1,279,095	629,635	649,465	41,375	20,550	20,825
In the seventh decile	1,321,220	655,840	665,375	40,000	20,015	19,985
In the eighth decile	1,382,795	691,630	691,165	37,555	18,950	18,610
In the ninth decile	1,464,415	736,030	728,385	35,695	18,175	17,515
In the top decile	1,459,465	742,795	716,670	27,495	14,040	13,455
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	13,184,055	6,442,930	6,741,130	396,870	192,545	204,320
0 to 17 years	2,656,535	1,361,905	1,294,630	72,445	37,080	35,365
0 to 5 years	835,000	428,025	406,975	22,115	11,350	10,765
18 to 64 years	8,418,960	4,110,615	4,308,345	242,530	117,810	124,720
65 years and over	2,108,560	970,405	1,138,155	81,890	37,650	44,240
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,898,975	886,530	1,012,445	60,760	27,430	33,325
0 to 17 years	489,905	251,830	238,080	14,955	7,705	7,245
0 to 5 years	165,140	84,825	80,310	5,075	2,615	2,460
18 to 64 years	1,155,315	538,535	616,780	36,695	16,600	20,100
65 years and over	253,755	96,170	157,585	9,105	3,125	5,980
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.4	13.8	15.0	15.3	14.2	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	18.5	18.4	20.6	20.8	20.5
0 to 5 years (%)	19.8	19.8	19.7	22.9	23.0	22.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.1	14.3	15.1	14.1	16.1
65 years and over (%)	12.0	9.9	13.8	11.1	8.3	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,298,590	627,935	670,650	30,760	14,800	15,960
0 to 17 years	304,390	156,575	147,815	6,435	3,315	3,125
0 to 5 years	102,750	52,810	49,935	2,170	1,085	1,085
18 to 64 years	887,640	430,545	457,095	22,645	10,820	11,830
65 years and over	106,555	40,815	65,740	1,680	670	1,010
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.8	9.7	9.9	7.8	7.7	7.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.5	11.4	8.9	8.9	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	12.3	12.3	9.8	9.6	10.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.5	10.6	9.3	9.2	9.5
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.2	5.8	2.1	1.8	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925	396,865	192,545	204,325
Official languages	12,918,075	6,342,930	6,575,145	394,175	191,435	202,735
English	12,879,045	6,326,225	6,552,825	393,810	191,295	202,515
French	1,521,020	677,505	843,510	31,995	13,880	18,115
Non-official languages	4,431,270	2,115,510	2,315,760	69,085	32,705	36,380
Aboriginal languages	33,855	15,815	18,035	145	70	70
Algonquian languages	30,630	14,505	16,125	50	30	25
Blackfoot	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	6,560	3,160	3,395	10	0	0
Atikamekw	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	145	70	75	10	10	0
Naskapi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	65	25	45	0	0	0
Plains Cree	105	50	50	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	605	255	350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,620	2,760	2,865	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	180	95	85	0	0	0
Malecite	20	20	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	160	75	85	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	23,980	11,285	12,690	45	30	20
Algonquin	205	95	105	0	0	10
Ojibway	16,220	7,600	8,630	40	25	15
Oji-Cree	7,515	3,585	3,935	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	200	105	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	85	40	50	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	85	25	65	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	45	20	30	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	840	320	525	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	730	285	445	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	105	35	70	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,940	810	1,125	65	20	40
Cayuga	120	35	85	20	10	20
Mohawk	1,625	710	915	40	10	25
Oneida	180	55	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	10	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	180	65	110	10	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	210	100	110	15	20	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,397,690	2,099,820	2,297,865	68,945	32,635	36,310
Afro-Asiatic languages	362,645	183,050	179,595	3,950	2,020	1,930
Berber languages	925	505	415	15	10	0
Kabyle	530	280	255	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	390	225	165	10	15	0
Cushitic languages	34,160	15,155	19,000	225	130	100
Bilen	355	200	160	0	0	0
Oromo	2,075	905	1,175	10	0	10
Somali	31,535	13,925	17,610	205	120	80
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	370	170	205	10	0	0
Semitic languages	330,315	168,750	161,570	3,750	1,915	1,835
Amharic	16,010	7,565	8,445	45	20	25
Arabic	246,015	127,015	119,000	3,270	1,680	1,600
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	17,825	8,775	9,050	0	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	6,185	3,045	3,140	0	0	0
Harari	1,310	660	645	0	0	0
Hebrew	43,255	22,165	21,090	190	95	100
Maltese	7,020	3,455	3,570	195	105	95
Tigrigna	9,385	4,320	5,065	50	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,985	1,010	975	90	45	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,125	535	590	20	0	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	99,830	46,210	53,620	1,095	490	605
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,045	4,490	5,550	240	95	145
Vietnamese	90,265	41,965	48,300	850	395	460
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	60	10	50	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	249,435	98,295	151,150	2,730	1,020	1,710
Bikol	755	340	425	25	20	10
Cebuano	9,475	3,650	5,830	115	40	75
Fijian	110	40	65	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	3,110	1,205	1,910	20	10	10
Ilocano	15,235	5,940	9,295	85	25	60
Malagasy	215	115	100	0	0	0
Malay	9,780	4,500	5,280	65	20	45
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,935	855	1,080	10	10	0
Pangasinan	565	245	320	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	232,935	91,110	141,820	2,615	970	1,645
Waray-Waray	410	125	285	10	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,785	755	1,030	10	0	10
Creole languages	30,260	13,525	16,735	395	190	210
Haitian Creole	1,430	605	830	55	20	30
Creole, n.o.s.	19,375	8,480	10,895	220	95	125
Creole languages, n.i.e.	9,685	4,525	5,155	120	70	50
Dravidian languages	196,315	97,975	98,335	565	315	255
Kannada	5,775	2,930	2,845	40	20	20
Malayalam	22,880	11,535	11,345	335	190	150
Tamil	157,700	77,975	79,730	180	105	75
Telugu	16,315	8,925	7,390	70	30	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	495	250	240	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	545	265	280	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,608,060	1,265,535	1,342,525	50,020	23,850	26,165
Albanian	22,375	11,180	11,195	185	80	105
Armenian	18,435	8,860	9,575	270	130	140
Balto-Slavic languages	473,565	221,450	252,120	11,345	5,220	6,130
Baltic languages	10,545	4,495	6,050	250	105	145
Latvian	4,675	2,070	2,610	140	60	80
Lithuanian	5,875	2,430	3,445	110	45	60
Slavic languages	465,170	217,885	247,285	11,150	5,140	6,005
Belarusan	1,360	680	680	20	10	10
Bosnian	9,915	4,905	5,010	360	165	195
Bulgarian	10,410	5,060	5,350	315	175	140
Croatian	46,580	22,880	23,700	1,205	595	610
Czech	14,045	6,615	7,430	365	175	190
Macedonian	21,505	10,365	11,140	145	85	60
Polish	142,985	65,415	77,575	4,100	1,775	2,320
Russian	138,735	64,355	74,380	1,550	735	820
Serbian	53,250	26,725	26,525	1,685	870	815
Serbo-Croatian	5,815	2,845	2,965	110	55	55
Slovak	12,035	5,550	6,490	320	135	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	7,935	3,550	4,390	320	150	170
Ukrainian	54,615	24,125	30,490	1,730	745	980
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	1,750	935	815	55	20	30
Celtic languages	3,800	1,880	1,920	130	65	65
Scottish Gaelic	1,480	720	765	55	30	30
Welsh	685	300	390	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,650	870	785	55	35	25
Germanic languages	274,305	130,610	143,700	11,115	5,215	5,895
Afrikaans	7,360	3,625	3,735	205	95	110
Danish	5,440	2,455	2,980	170	75	95
Dutch	63,410	29,875	33,535	3,635	1,750	1,885
Frisian	1,655	820	835	95	50	45
German	189,035	90,730	98,305	7,010	3,270	3,740
Icelandic	285	130	155	0	10	0
Norwegian	2,140	975	1,165	70	30	40
Swedish	5,125	2,345	2,785	125	50	75
Vlaams (Flemish)	2,275	1,050	1,225	40	10	30
Yiddish	7,175	3,535	3,640	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	3,290	1,645	1,645	35	25	15
Greek	80,690	40,105	40,590	895	440	455
Indo-Iranian languages	915,765	463,175	452,585	4,585	2,360	2,225
Indo-Aryan languages	759,390	384,940	374,450	3,720	1,910	1,810
Bengali	59,685	30,420	29,265	245	135	110
Gujarati	103,890	52,380	51,510	720	385	335
Hindi	250,095	127,765	122,335	1,570	855	720
Kashmiri	600	300	300	10	0	0
Konkani	5,490	2,515	2,975	0	0	0
Marathi	10,360	5,380	4,980	80	35	45
Nepali	10,245	5,115	5,135	70	45	25
Oriya (Odia)	1,090	515	570	15	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	282,065	145,050	137,015	1,010	495	520
Sindhi	11,515	5,385	6,130	65	25	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	18,555	9,230	9,330	120	65	60
Urdu	231,500	117,305	114,190	1,155	565	585
Iranian languages	163,490	81,710	81,785	870	450	420
Kurdish	8,795	4,755	4,040	315	160	155
Pashto	15,315	8,145	7,170	15	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	145,465	72,275	73,190	570	295	280
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	4,665	2,495	2,175	65	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages	880,330	418,225	462,105	22,500	10,850	11,650
Catalan	515	275	240	15	15	0
Italian	333,645	161,190	172,455	13,540	6,455	7,085
Portuguese	193,520	93,885	99,635	1,295	620	675
Romanian	49,635	23,205	26,430	590	315	270
Spanish	337,615	156,040	181,580	7,760	3,740	4,025
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	1,355	745	605	60	35	20
Japanese	25,675	11,535	14,140	505	210	295
Kartvelian languages	1,555	775	780	15	10	0
Georgian	1,555	770	785	10	10	0
Korean	79,175	36,930	42,245	1,320	610	710
Mongolic languages	515	225	285	0	0	0
Mongolian	515	225	285	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70,570	33,620	36,945	1,015	490	525
Akan (Twi)	15,950	7,520	8,435	150	70	80
Bamanankan	385	195	185	0	0	0
Edo	2,130	930	1,195	0	0	0
Ewe	880	435	445	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	700	320	375	0	0	0
Ga	1,340	645	695	20	10	10
Ganda	1,225	550	675	15	0	15
Igbo	4,025	2,105	1,920	40	20	20
Lingala	4,885	2,165	2,720	50	35	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,555	1,080	1,475	45	15	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	2,220	885	1,330	15	0	10
Shona	2,350	1,055	1,300	160	75	85
Swahili	16,750	8,110	8,640	330	170	165
Wolof	730	355	375	10	10	0
Yoruba	10,495	5,345	5,150	140	70	70
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	11,210	5,255	5,950	140	60	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,025	1,020	1,010	0	0	0
Dinka	415	220	200	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,615	805	810	0	0	0
Sign languages	18,865	7,645	11,220	580	270	310
American Sign Language	10,220	3,695	6,525	315	145	165
Quebec Sign Language	235	60	180	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	8,690	4,005	4,680	265	125	140
Sino-Tibetan languages	689,145	324,575	364,565	5,340	2,620	2,720
Chinese languages	679,170	319,635	359,530	5,320	2,625	2,695
Cantonese	341,875	159,280	182,600	1,590	740	850
Hakka	7,865	3,445	4,420	20	10	15
Mandarin	385,395	179,890	205,510	3,810	1,875	1,940
Min Dong	810	330	480	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	16,980	7,650	9,330	190	95	95
Wu (Shanghainese)	8,305	3,860	4,440	70	35	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	16,455	7,710	8,745	305	155	150
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	185	95	90	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10,460	5,200	5,260	25	0	25
Burmese	2,215	1,055	1,165	0	0	10
Karenic languages	1,820	905	920	0	0	0
Tibetan	5,695	2,845	2,850	20	0	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,245	645	605	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	11,120	4,945	6,180	475	185	290
Lao	6,740	3,215	3,520	310	130	180
Thai	5,195	2,065	3,135	190	60	125
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	33,335	17,310	16,025	390	225	170
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,710	1,550	30	20	10
Turkish	27,850	14,510	13,340	285	155	130
Uyghur	700	350	345	55	30	20
Uzbek	1,405	700	705	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	915	450	465	15	10	10
Uralic languages	58,370	27,060	31,310	2,000	890	1,110
Estonian	4,785	2,155	2,625	100	45	65
Finnish	11,145	4,865	6,280	185	70	110
Hungarian	42,545	20,070	22,480	1,715	780	940
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,675	1,950	1,725	45	20	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,865	192,545	204,325
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	12,223,065	5,987,360	6,235,705	379,760	184,860	194,905
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,546,075	1,305,820	1,240,255	70,940	36,440	34,500
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,676,990	4,681,540	4,995,445	308,820	148,415	160,405
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	1,019,095	484,880	534,215	17,105	7,685	9,415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,870	192,545	204,325
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	9,188,815	4,555,270	4,633,545	325,155	158,665	166,490
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480	67,195	31,550	35,640
Before 1981	1,077,745	507,500	570,240	35,460	16,740	18,720
1981 to 1990	513,995	246,235	267,755	7,105	3,345	3,760
1991 to 2000	834,510	390,315	444,195	8,510	3,910	4,600
2001 to 2010	953,730	446,895	506,835	11,130	5,200	5,930
2001 to 2005	490,560	230,950	259,610	5,505	2,540	2,965
2006 to 2010	463,170	215,945	247,225	5,625	2,660	2,970
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	472,170	223,715	248,450	4,990	2,360	2,625
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	201,200	102,305	98,895	4,515	2,325	2,195
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,485	67,190	31,550	35,640
Under 5 years	369,955	184,255	185,705	8,740	4,345	4,395
5 to 14 years	685,085	345,865	339,225	14,135	7,235	6,900
15 to 24 years	855,475	381,025	474,450	16,640	7,455	9,185
25 to 44 years	1,579,500	741,340	838,160	23,520	10,550	12,970
45 years and over	362,130	162,180	199,945	4,155	1,970	2,190
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	3,852,145	1,814,665	2,037,480	67,195	31,550	35,640
Americas	598,950	265,930	333,025	12,945	5,700	7,240
Brazil	14,705	6,700	8,010	160	40	115
Colombia	28,815	13,085	15,730	1,150	520	620
El Salvador	20,920	10,165	10,750	570	245	325
Guyana	79,745	35,325	44,420	255	125	130
Haiti	10,195	4,410	5,785	165	60	105
Jamaica	119,840	51,320	68,525	920	560	355
Mexico	30,075	13,895	16,185	715	360	350
Peru	10,550	4,660	5,895	155	70	85
Trinidad and Tobago	52,810	23,515	29,300	655	300	355
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	109,005	47,170	61,830	5,735	2,215	3,520
Other places of birth in Americas	122,280	55,685	66,600	2,480	1,215	1,260
Europe	1,144,295	546,250	598,050	37,815	18,180	19,635
Bosnia and Herzegovina	21,300	10,655	10,645	495	230	265
Croatia	27,330	13,495	13,835	1,140	620	520
France	13,385	6,310	7,070	280	115	160
Germany	63,460	29,685	33,775	2,555	1,140	1,415
Greece	36,575	18,225	18,350	390	240	145
Hungary	22,085	10,495	11,590	945	455	490
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	15,275	7,415	7,860	385	190	195
Italy	157,815	78,510	79,305	7,630	3,810	3,825
Netherlands	47,400	23,910	23,490	3,085	1,565	1,515
Poland	96,000	43,155	52,845	2,670	1,145	1,520
Portugal	103,025	50,240	52,785	595	320	275
Romania	42,720	19,720	23,000	670	350	315
Russian Federation	42,980	18,540	24,440	525	210	315
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	23,695	11,610	12,085	560	260	295
Ukraine	39,945	18,150	21,795	865	370	495
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	264,125	125,730	138,390	11,995	5,755	6,245
Other places of birth in Europe	127,190	60,395	66,790	3,030	1,405	1,625
Africa	226,770	109,585	117,185	2,855	1,445	1,410
Algeria	2,925	1,480	1,450	85	35	50
Egypt	34,510	18,000	16,510	290	150	140
Ethiopia	15,570	7,230	8,340	65	30	35
Kenya	14,940	6,910	8,025	185	90	95
Morocco	5,485	2,690	2,795	60	35	30
Nigeria	20,630	10,285	10,345	185	90	95
Somalia	16,970	6,845	10,125	150	100	50
South Africa, Republic of	19,390	9,545	9,840	355	165	195
Other places of birth in Africa	96,355	46,610	49,745	1,475	755	725
Asia	1,869,805	886,570	983,240	13,320	6,065	7,250
Afghanistan	33,145	16,490	16,655	90	40	50
Bangladesh	39,410	19,970	19,440	140	90	45
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	317,225	143,705	173,515	2,200	975	1,225
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	108,030	50,945	57,090	275	120	160
India	360,540	179,950	180,590	1,955	930	1,025
IranCensus data footnote 61	86,810	43,445	43,360	420	240	180
Iraq	50,390	25,280	25,115	315	150	165
Japan	8,145	2,550	5,585	230	70	160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	57,085	26,660	30,425	705	345	360
Lebanon	34,545	18,145	16,405	275	150	120
Pakistan	142,265	71,925	70,345	725	360	365
Philippines	231,760	93,730	138,030	2,635	1,020	1,615
Sri Lanka	109,855	53,640	56,215	190	100	90
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	22,680	11,405	11,270	265	135	135
Taiwan	17,840	7,775	10,065	115	40	75
Viet Nam	80,525	36,545	43,985	720	305	415
Other places of birth in Asia	169,555	84,400	85,160	2,040	980	1,065
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	12,330	6,330	5,990	260	160	100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	472,170	223,720	248,450	4,990	2,360	2,630
Americas	60,700	29,005	31,700	1,325	665	665
Brazil	3,180	1,505	1,675	10	0	15
Colombia	4,520	2,005	2,520	180	75	100
Cuba	1,950	910	1,045	65	40	30
Haiti	2,575	1,140	1,435	55	15	40
Jamaica	8,935	4,840	4,090	175	110	65
Mexico	5,670	2,745	2,925	150	90	60
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	14,635	7,225	7,405	420	195	225
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	2,460	1,120	1,340	90	45	40
Other places of birth in Americas	16,775	7,510	9,265	180	90	85
Europe	45,295	22,250	23,045	685	320	365
France	2,010	1,025	985	0	0	0
Germany	1,695	885	805	65	25	35
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,900	1,185	715	15	0	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	880	400	480	10	0	10
Romania	2,425	995	1,430	70	40	30
Russian Federation	4,905	1,790	3,115	10	0	10
Ukraine	4,455	2,005	2,445	35	10	25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	7,780	4,515	3,265	185	100	80
Other places of birth in Europe	19,245	9,450	9,795	300	135	165
Africa	39,380	19,045	20,330	455	230	225
Algeria	415	180	240	0	0	0
Cameroon	1,390	640	750	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	1,835	845	990	20	15	0
Côte d'Ivoire	605	245	360	0	0	0
Egypt	8,220	4,290	3,935	55	35	25
Eritrea	2,055	1,010	1,045	0	0	0
Ethiopia	2,505	1,115	1,385	15	10	10
Morocco	655	275	375	15	10	10
Nigeria	5,910	2,895	3,015	20	10	0
Somalia	2,065	965	1,100	35	25	10
South Africa, Republic of	1,410	715	695	50	25	30
Tunisia	310	155	150	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	12,010	5,715	6,295	230	105	125
Asia	324,820	152,205	172,615	2,480	1,110	1,370
Afghanistan	5,785	2,845	2,945	0	0	0
Bangladesh	8,180	4,055	4,125	10	10	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	58,840	26,025	32,815	540	235	305
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,985	800	1,190	10	0	10
India	69,325	35,060	34,265	395	190	205
IranCensus data footnote 61	21,225	10,300	10,930	85	40	40
Iraq	14,645	7,315	7,330	50	20	30
Israel	2,050	1,085	970	0	0	0
Japan	1,385	370	1,015	35	10	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	6,320	2,855	3,470	95	65	30
Lebanon	3,230	1,685	1,545	10	10	0
Nepal	3,395	1,725	1,665	40	30	15
Pakistan	25,435	12,425	13,015	180	75	100
Philippines	53,190	21,740	31,450	640	265	370
Saudi Arabia	3,140	1,615	1,530	35	20	10
Sri Lanka	8,185	3,580	4,605	35	15	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	12,710	6,590	6,120	100	40	60
Taiwan	1,015	435	580	10	0	10
Turkey	2,590	1,440	1,145	15	15	0
United Arab Emirates	4,290	2,230	2,055	45	15	25
Viet Nam	3,885	1,520	2,365	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Asia	13,995	6,505	7,485	130	35	90
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,980	1,215	765	40	40	10
Australia	1,535	965	565	30	25	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	445	250	200	15	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,865	192,545	204,325
First generationCensus data footnote 69	4,122,840	1,953,095	2,169,740	73,680	34,895	38,790
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	3,049,835	1,525,300	1,524,540	88,870	42,920	45,955
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	6,069,485	2,993,845	3,075,640	234,310	114,730	119,580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,825,480	1,331,730	1,493,750	32,585	15,210	17,380
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,364,380	677,695	686,685	12,785	6,365	6,420
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	540,795	338,460	202,335	5,320	3,360	1,960
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	823,580	339,240	484,350	7,470	3,010	4,460
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	940,405	382,890	557,520	11,615	4,695	6,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	482,665	253,750	228,910	7,515	3,805	3,705
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	38,035	17,400	20,640	675	340	335
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,865	192,545	204,320
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	374,395	179,970	194,420	11,645	5,355	6,290
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	361,125	173,685	187,445	11,080	5,125	5,955
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	236,680	112,840	123,845	6,810	3,180	3,635
Métis	120,585	59,015	61,570	4,165	1,890	2,275
Inuk (Inuit)	3,860	1,835	2,030	100	50	50
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	5,730	2,680	3,045	265	110	160
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	7,540	3,615	3,930	300	120	175
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,867,765	6,292,265	6,575,500	385,220	187,190	198,030
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,925	396,865	192,545	204,325
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	170,895	81,560	89,335	3,710	1,675	2,035
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,071,265	6,390,680	6,680,585	393,155	190,870	202,290
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,870	192,540	204,320
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	112,875	54,840	58,035	1,985	970	1,010
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	111,575	54,180	57,395	1,930	935	995
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	97,430	47,130	50,305	1,425	700	730
Métis single ancestry	12,925	6,490	6,435	470	220	250
Inuit single ancestry	1,220	565	655	30	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,295	665	640	60	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	1,055	545	510	55	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	145	70	75	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	65	25	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	405,425	192,320	213,100	15,535	7,265	8,270
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	395,205	187,695	207,510	15,100	7,080	8,020
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	276,920	130,810	146,110	11,205	5,235	5,970
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	113,785	54,830	58,955	3,810	1,785	2,025
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,500	2,050	2,450	85	60	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	10,215	4,620	5,590	435	185	255
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,305	4,205	5,100	400	170	230
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	595	290	305	20	15	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	300	125	170	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	12,723,865	6,225,080	6,498,785	379,345	184,310	195,035
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,865	192,540	204,320
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,885,585	1,878,075	2,007,505	37,105	18,060	19,050
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,150,415	582,010	568,400	5,785	2,925	2,855
Chinese	754,550	359,230	395,315	5,880	2,870	3,015
Black	627,715	296,270	331,445	7,705	3,885	3,815
Filipino	311,675	132,440	179,230	3,740	1,565	2,175
Latin American	195,950	93,645	102,310	4,430	2,115	2,320
Arab	210,435	109,585	100,850	2,545	1,315	1,225
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	133,855	63,255	70,605	1,905	815	1,085
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	154,670	77,385	77,280	780	370	410
Korean	88,935	42,445	46,495	1,405	680	725
Japanese	30,830	13,595	17,235	650	290	360
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	97,970	46,105	51,860	605	320	280
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	128,585	62,105	66,485	1,690	895	790
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	9,356,575	4,594,165	4,762,410	359,760	174,490	185,275
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	13,242,160	6,472,240	6,769,920	396,865	192,545	204,325
North American Aboriginal origins	518,300	247,160	271,135	17,520	8,235	9,285
First Nations (North American Indian)	385,505	183,075	202,430	13,115	6,155	6,960
Inuit	6,870	3,150	3,720	145	85	60
Métis	137,485	66,245	71,235	4,755	2,215	2,545
Other North American origins	3,220,595	1,585,255	1,635,340	117,610	56,915	60,695
Acadian	16,580	8,135	8,450	435	230	205
American	140,165	67,480	72,690	6,400	2,965	3,430
Canadian	3,109,770	1,531,645	1,578,125	112,805	54,760	58,045
New Brunswicker	320	190	125	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	10,850	5,520	5,325	355	190	165
Nova Scotian	1,485	685	800	45	15	30
Ontarian	2,165	1,085	1,075	50	10	40
Québécois	5,390	2,730	2,665	235	100	140
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	675	375	300	30	20	15
European origins	8,151,470	3,978,900	4,172,570	311,380	150,000	161,380
British Isles origins	4,900,430	2,380,595	2,519,835	189,465	90,495	98,970
Channel Islander	1,120	530	590	65	40	25
Cornish	755	370	385	20	15	10
English	2,808,805	1,357,650	1,451,160	111,765	53,095	58,670
Irish	2,095,460	991,625	1,103,835	70,675	32,830	37,850
Manx	2,450	1,320	1,130	95	45	50
Scottish	2,107,295	1,016,260	1,091,030	77,500	36,805	40,695
Welsh	198,475	94,555	103,920	8,145	3,950	4,195
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	323,185	152,525	170,660	11,155	5,200	5,960
French origins	1,350,520	643,360	707,160	52,210	24,625	27,590
Alsatian	1,235	495	740	45	25	20
Breton	290	175	120	0	0	0
Corsican	205	125	85	10	10	0
French	1,349,255	642,790	706,470	52,170	24,600	27,570
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,766,975	864,010	902,970	83,855	40,665	43,190
Austrian	72,475	35,415	37,065	2,455	1,115	1,345
Bavarian	450	225	230	20	0	15
Belgian	57,890	28,460	29,430	1,450	700	750
Dutch	527,750	259,585	268,165	29,180	14,240	14,940
Flemish	4,005	2,005	1,995	90	40	50
Frisian	2,705	1,400	1,305	195	95	105
German	1,189,670	579,315	610,355	55,915	27,065	28,850
Luxembourger	915	500	415	20	10	15
Swiss	59,835	29,395	30,440	1,515	675	835
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	1,095	560	530	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	266,085	127,885	138,195	7,545	3,390	4,155
Danish	53,555	26,355	27,195	1,765	870	890
Finnish	76,755	36,955	39,800	1,660	740	920
Icelandic	13,215	6,325	6,895	390	175	215
Norwegian	59,335	28,350	30,980	1,620	710	905
Swedish	71,035	32,705	38,325	2,245	895	1,350
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	12,540	6,400	6,140	325	165	160
Eastern European origins	1,339,610	644,610	695,000	58,965	28,335	30,630
Bulgarian	16,750	8,230	8,525	660	355	305
Byelorussian	11,690	5,645	6,045	185	80	100
Czech	42,340	20,815	21,530	1,315	645	665
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	14,810	6,820	7,990	625	275	350
Estonian	15,075	7,255	7,825	415	185	230
Hungarian	163,500	79,850	83,655	11,490	5,530	5,965
Latvian	18,095	8,615	9,480	640	330	310
Lithuanian	35,100	16,965	18,135	915	455	460
Moldovan	3,905	1,910	1,995	80	40	45
Polish	523,490	251,575	271,910	20,815	9,705	11,110
Romanian	98,235	46,825	51,410	2,670	1,340	1,325
Russian	220,850	103,650	117,200	6,325	3,120	3,205
Slovak	40,535	19,645	20,885	2,120	1,040	1,080
Ukrainian	376,440	181,725	194,715	20,700	9,980	10,725
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	10,330	4,940	5,390	125	45	80
Southern European origins	1,772,160	880,335	891,830	65,850	32,825	33,025
Albanian	25,980	13,085	12,895	235	105	135
Bosnian	14,680	7,255	7,425	595	285	310
Catalan	285	180	110	25	15	10
Croatian	82,220	41,350	40,875	3,230	1,670	1,560
Cypriot	4,400	2,170	2,230	50	20	35
Greek	148,555	74,830	73,720	2,505	1,265	1,235
Italian	931,805	467,100	464,705	49,345	24,550	24,795
Kosovar	1,305	655	650	15	0	10
Macedonian	39,440	19,820	19,625	430	275	160
Maltese	35,255	17,525	17,730	1,030	495	535
Montenegrin	2,545	1,295	1,250	65	35	30
Portuguese	324,930	160,970	163,960	2,650	1,415	1,240
Serbian	66,835	34,035	32,800	2,370	1,205	1,170
Sicilian	4,190	2,090	2,100	140	65	70
Slovenian	26,485	13,215	13,275	1,230	635	590
Spanish	171,145	78,880	92,265	3,815	1,625	2,185
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	20,245	9,785	10,460	900	470	430
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	965	425	540	25	15	10
Other European origins	105,865	53,050	52,820	1,260	660	600
Basque	1,585	805	780	20	10	15
Jewish	77,280	38,860	38,425	695	375	325
Roma (Gypsy)	2,295	1,050	1,245	40	25	20
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	2,065	1,110	955	45	35	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	23,290	11,540	11,750	460	220	235
Caribbean origins	462,600	213,660	248,940	5,295	2,620	2,675
Antiguan	3,275	1,480	1,800	20	0	20
Bahamian	2,305	1,190	1,115	20	10	15
Barbadian	26,625	12,375	14,250	625	315	305
Bermudan	2,010	925	1,085	70	30	40
Carib	2,295	855	1,440	10	10	0
Cuban	14,490	6,625	7,865	340	150	190
Dominican	9,180	4,420	4,760	135	75	55
Grenadian	14,690	6,420	8,275	110	55	55
Guadeloupean	70	20	50	10	0	0
Haitian	17,715	8,085	9,630	345	120	225
Jamaican	257,060	119,100	137,955	2,510	1,320	1,190
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,260	1,090	1,175	35	20	15
Martinican	195	65	125	0	0	0
Montserratan	620	300	325	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	1,495	755	740	85	50	40
St. Lucian	7,170	3,195	3,985	30	20	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	59,560	27,850	31,710	760	375	390
Vincentian/Grenadinian	12,155	5,250	6,905	40	20	15
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	56,865	25,380	31,480	405	195	215
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	16,970	7,770	9,195	140	70	65
Latin, Central and South American origins	322,210	153,045	169,165	6,135	3,155	2,975
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10,795	5,040	5,750	285	115	170
Arawak	1,055	470	585	25	15	10
Argentinian	11,460	5,620	5,840	185	90	95
Belizean	810	395	415	15	10	0
Bolivian	1,885	935	955	15	10	10
Brazilian	18,395	8,760	9,635	200	105	95
Chilean	14,625	7,015	7,610	165	65	100
Colombian	40,820	19,345	21,480	1,405	660	750
Costa Rican	2,790	1,380	1,410	115	65	45
Ecuadorian	20,385	9,650	10,735	120	40	80
Guatemalan	10,040	4,870	5,170	455	205	250
Guyanese	73,360	34,050	39,315	390	190	200
Hispanic	5,805	2,790	3,015	150	95	65
Honduran	3,360	1,590	1,765	140	75	65
Maya	2,500	1,285	1,215	120	60	55
Mexican	43,120	20,735	22,380	1,090	695	395
Nicaraguan	7,100	3,440	3,665	110	55	55
Panamanian	2,475	1,125	1,355	40	30	10
Paraguayan	600	280	320	95	55	40
Peruvian	14,780	6,985	7,800	210	100	110
Salvadorean	27,595	13,530	14,070	635	320	315
Uruguayan	4,200	2,150	2,050	70	35	30
Venezuelan	11,750	5,320	6,430	325	175	155
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	14,095	6,745	7,350	230	125	105
African origins	414,095	203,260	210,835	5,990	3,000	2,990
Central and West African origins	85,735	42,745	42,990	855	400	460
Akan	965	540	425	0	0	0
Angolan	1,635	815	820	25	15	10
Ashanti	1,205	620	585	15	10	0
Beninese	555	280	270	0	0	0
Burkinabe	415	190	225	0	0	0
Cameroonian	4,700	2,330	2,370	15	10	10
Chadian	645	320	325	0	0	10
Congolese	10,425	4,960	5,460	135	75	60
Edo	1,025	545	480	0	0	0
Ewe	180	95	80	0	0	0
Gabonese	170	80	90	0	0	0
Gambian	630	305	330	10	10	0
Ghanaian	24,850	12,060	12,790	155	85	75
Guinean	1,105	550	560	10	10	0
Ibo	1,940	1,035	905	10	0	0
Ivorian	1,350	600	745	0	0	0
Liberian	770	365	405	30	15	15
Malian	490	250	240	25	10	15
Malinké	345	160	185	10	10	0
Nigerian	26,560	13,620	12,940	310	125	185
Peulh	135	80	55	0	0	0
Senegalese	1,000	500	495	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	1,175	585	585	0	0	0
Togolese	670	370	300	0	0	0
Wolof	80	45	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	4,055	2,155	1,900	70	30	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	4,745	2,340	2,410	110	40	75
North African origins	86,665	44,970	41,695	1,675	850	830
Algerian	4,065	2,035	2,030	65	30	40
Berber	1,845	985	860	10	15	0
Coptic	2,305	1,185	1,120	35	15	15
Dinka	205	110	95	0	0	0
Egyptian	52,845	27,465	25,375	540	310	240
Libyan	3,785	2,015	1,760	220	115	105
Maure	290	160	125	0	0	0
Moroccan	12,305	6,310	6,000	85	35	45
Sudanese	8,975	4,600	4,375	690	330	355
Tunisian	2,295	1,210	1,085	35	20	20
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	1,755	920	830	70	35	35
Southern and East African origins	128,910	61,680	67,230	1,455	725	735
Afrikaner	560	285	275	0	0	0
Amhara	720	360	360	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	870	455	415	0	0	0
Burundian	3,105	1,465	1,640	40	20	25
Djiboutian	1,035	460	575	0	0	10
Eritrean	11,870	5,740	6,125	65	30	35
Ethiopian	22,560	10,755	11,800	105	45	55
Harari	475	255	215	0	0	0
Kenyan	5,860	2,780	3,080	120	60	55
Malagasy	430	200	230	0	0	0
Mauritian	3,600	1,830	1,770	25	15	0
Oromo	1,290	610	685	0	0	0
Rwandan	3,215	1,380	1,830	30	10	15
Seychellois	350	140	205	20	15	10
Somali	40,995	19,200	21,795	295	160	135
South African	19,760	9,790	9,970	385	200	185
Tanzanian	2,610	1,300	1,315	45	30	25
Tigrian	770	395	375	0	0	0
Ugandan	2,950	1,445	1,505	20	0	15
Zambian	805	410	395	25	15	15
Zimbabwean	3,425	1,595	1,830	180	75	105
Zulu	440	225	215	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	8,475	3,900	4,570	130	60	70
Other African origins	119,670	57,245	62,420	2,070	1,065	1,010
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	17,380	7,720	9,660	320	180	140
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	103,560	50,150	53,410	1,760	890	865
Asian origins	3,100,450	1,506,795	1,593,655	26,505	12,790	13,720
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	523,340	265,615	257,730	5,625	2,885	2,740
Afghan	54,535	27,255	27,280	115	50	65
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	44,705	23,345	21,360	570	335	230
Armenian	29,675	14,570	15,105	920	460	460
Assyrian	12,075	6,140	5,935	90	50	40
Azerbaijani	4,105	1,995	2,110	55	35	25
Georgian	2,815	1,415	1,395	30	10	20
Hazara	680	390	290	0	0	0
Iranian	117,065	58,995	58,065	600	310	290
Iraqi	50,460	25,420	25,035	325	150	175
Israeli	17,080	8,890	8,185	110	50	55
Jordanian	9,660	5,110	4,545	195	65	125
Kazakh	1,325	610	715	10	0	10
Kurd	9,210	4,880	4,330	315	170	140
Kuwaiti	1,510	795	715	45	25	20
Kyrgyz	340	130	210	15	10	0
Lebanese	86,245	43,700	42,545	1,195	595	600
Palestinian	28,480	15,215	13,270	380	195	185
Pashtun	3,010	1,635	1,375	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	3,660	1,975	1,685	140	85	55
Syrian	31,440	15,570	15,870	340	170	170
Tajik	1,850	880	970	0	0	0
Tatar	2,135	930	1,205	10	0	0
Turk	34,165	17,340	16,825	535	285	255
Turkmen	695	345	355	0	0	0
Uighur	755	385	375	60	35	25
Uzbek	2,400	1,155	1,240	0	0	0
Yemeni	4,225	2,065	2,155	70	45	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	16,270	8,395	7,875	155	75	75
South Asian origins	1,182,845	595,480	587,370	6,175	3,100	3,070
Bangladeshi	29,195	14,965	14,230	60	40	20
Bengali	15,235	7,795	7,445	70	40	30
Bhutanese	1,450	710	735	0	0	0
East Indian	774,500	390,015	384,480	4,800	2,415	2,385
Goan	4,775	2,245	2,525	0	0	0
Gujarati	5,915	3,055	2,860	25	0	20
Kashmiri	1,795	900	895	45	25	25
Nepali	8,150	4,070	4,080	70	40	25
Pakistani	149,060	75,860	73,200	725	330	400
Punjabi	55,455	28,580	26,875	220	100	125
Sinhalese	5,195	2,545	2,645	20	10	0
Sri Lankan	124,270	60,685	63,585	190	105	80
Tamil	42,760	21,705	21,050	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	58,705	29,705	29,005	235	125	110
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,422,890	659,650	763,245	14,890	6,925	7,970
Burmese	4,420	2,105	2,315	40	30	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	14,655	6,810	7,845	385	135	250
Chinese	849,345	403,280	446,065	7,185	3,540	3,640
Filipino	337,760	144,830	192,930	4,000	1,690	2,305
Hmong	650	340	305	0	0	0
Indonesian	9,325	4,305	5,025	115	50	65
Japanese	41,620	18,530	23,090	815	375	440
Karen	1,645	830	815	0	0	0
Korean	93,420	44,585	48,835	1,470	705	765
Laotian	9,875	4,865	5,015	395	175	225
Malaysian	7,310	3,370	3,935	50	15	35
Mongolian	2,940	1,390	1,545	30	20	15
Singaporean	1,260	565	700	0	0	10
Taiwanese	10,060	4,595	5,465	60	25	35
Thai	6,865	2,725	4,135	230	65	160
Tibetan	6,365	3,175	3,185	30	0	25
Vietnamese	107,640	51,350	56,290	1,235	590	640
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	4,375	2,165	2,210	20	10	20
Other Asian origins	13,430	6,575	6,855	130	60	70
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	13,430	6,575	6,855	130	60	75
Oceania origins	20,680	10,435	10,240	500	225	275
Australian	13,315	6,780	6,530	380	170	205
New Zealander	4,250	2,255	2,000	75	30	45
Pacific Islands origins	3,490	1,625	1,860	55	25	25
Fijian	1,610	665	945	10	10	10
Hawaiian	470	235	240	15	0	10
Maori	485	255	230	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	275	115	165	10	10	0
Samoan	225	140	85	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	555	265	290	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Owner	3,601,825	...	...	122,750	...	...
Renter	1,559,720	...	...	45,730	...	...
Band housing	7,635	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	5,169,170	...	...	168,485	...	...
Condominium	680,495	...	...	10,200	...	...
Not condominium	4,488,680	...	...	158,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
No bedrooms	33,950	...	...	415	...	...
1 bedroom	699,980	...	...	16,955	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,122,145	...	...	38,925	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,876,905	...	...	74,460	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,436,185	...	...	37,740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	5,169,170	...	...	168,485	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,369,660	...	...	32,070	...	...
5 rooms	718,020	...	...	25,075	...	...
6 rooms	770,730	...	...	29,690	...	...
7 rooms	713,595	...	...	26,795	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,597,165	...	...	54,860	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,046,810	...	...	167,355	...	...
More than 1 person per room	122,360	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Suitable	4,858,170	...	...	163,305	...	...
Not suitable	311,005	...	...	5,175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
1960 or before	1,293,135	...	...	60,230	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,449,585	...	...	52,995	...	...
1981 to 1990	709,135	...	...	18,725	...	...
1991 to 2000	622,565	...	...	15,715	...	...
2001 to 2005	396,130	...	...	7,385	...	...
2006 to 2010	368,235	...	...	6,760	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	330,390	...	...	6,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,851,335	...	...	157,605	...	...
Major repairs needed	317,840	...	...	10,880	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	5,169,170	...	...	168,485	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,962,065	...	...	100,755	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,059,710	...	...	64,355	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	147,400	...	...	3,375	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	5,169,175	...	...	168,485	...	...
15 to 24 years	135,835	...	...	4,330	...	...
25 to 34 years	681,685	...	...	18,400	...	...
35 to 44 years	880,070	...	...	23,665	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,113,885	...	...	32,775	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,047,185	...	...	35,670	...	...
65 to 74 years	738,445	...	...	29,165	...	...
75 to 84 years	414,210	...	...	17,305	...	...
85 years and over	157,860	...	...	7,175	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	5,106,290	...	...	167,310	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,694,385	...	...	124,750	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,411,900	...	...	42,560	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,208,010	...	...	38,235	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,557,485	...	...	121,835	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.0	...	...	56.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	19.8	...	...	16.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,299	...	...	1,018	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,463	...	...	1,153	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	400,496	...	...	266,071	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	506,409	...	...	309,957	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,554,940	...	...	45,680	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.0	...	...	15.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	45.7	...	...	48.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,045	...	...	866	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,109	...	...	901	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	337,885	162,335	175,550
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,935,355	961,690	973,670	62,650	30,555	32,100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	3,026,100	1,485,320	1,540,770	106,060	50,315	55,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,235	169,170	81,465	87,710
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	664,180	471,055	193,120	27,465	19,635	7,835
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	324,370	199,510	124,855	12,910	7,915	4,995
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	339,810	271,545	68,260	14,550	11,715	2,835
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,298,715	981,785	1,316,930	79,275	33,550	45,725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	242,005	107,065	134,945	5,750	2,605	3,145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,872,085	1,335,845	1,536,250	56,685	25,670	31,015
Bachelor's degree	1,911,530	854,135	1,057,395	38,800	16,820	21,985
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	189,370	83,670	105,695	3,895	1,790	2,105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	79,760	42,295	37,460	1,520	965	560
Master's degree	593,645	294,180	299,470	10,900	5,130	5,775
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	97,790	61,560	36,230	1,565	975	590
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,495	207,355	100,115	107,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	752,995	404,770	348,225	21,605	11,600	10,005
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,768,955	895,020	873,935	62,470	31,030	31,435
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,707,165	2,198,830	2,508,335	123,275	57,480	65,795
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	446,390	315,975	130,420	17,390	12,200	5,185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	218,980	134,685	84,295	8,395	5,095	3,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	227,410	181,290	46,120	8,995	7,100	1,895
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,782,530	762,505	1,020,030	59,870	25,395	34,475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170,925	75,935	94,995	3,665	1,645	2,025
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,307,320	1,044,420	1,262,895	42,350	18,245	24,110
Bachelor's degree	1,519,850	668,450	851,400	29,215	12,390	16,825
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	148,960	62,370	86,590	2,890	1,255	1,635
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	63,790	30,895	32,895	1,135	630	500
Master's degree	500,415	239,160	261,255	8,045	3,365	4,680
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	74,310	43,545	30,765	1,060	595	465
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	337,880	162,340	175,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	4,961,455	2,447,010	2,514,445	168,715	80,875	87,840
Education	349,745	79,245	270,505	12,120	3,250	8,875
13. Education	349,750	79,245	270,505	12,120	3,250	8,870
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	246,075	109,955	136,120	5,905	2,540	3,365
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	38,745	28,735	10,010	1,015	760	255
50. Visual and performing arts	207,325	81,220	126,110	4,890	1,780	3,110
Humanities	359,560	133,350	226,210	8,545	3,605	4,945
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	37,900	8,170	29,730	910	255	660
23. English language and literature/letters	98,440	28,290	70,145	1,995	650	1,345
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95,345	32,940	62,410	2,125	815	1,305
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	2,165	805	1,365	65	10	55
38. Philosophy and religious studies	24,255	13,425	10,830	490	300	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	28,175	17,120	11,055	1,100	680	415
54. History	57,295	30,015	27,280	1,370	775	595
55. French language and literature/letters	15,990	2,590	13,400	485	110	380
Social and behavioural sciences and law	810,410	269,735	540,670	18,815	5,970	12,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10,765	2,210	8,560	205	30	175
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	81,500	31,825	49,675	1,640	725	910
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	141,750	11,775	129,975	4,865	445	4,420
22. Legal professions and studies	128,860	45,275	83,590	2,185	625	1,560
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	16,210	3,400	12,815	295	60	235
42. Psychology	122,545	29,640	92,905	3,385	850	2,535
45. Social sciences	308,775	145,620	163,155	6,240	3,225	3,020
Business, management and public administration	1,279,665	527,085	752,580	31,785	11,775	20,010
30.16 Accounting and computer science	2,725	895	1,830	60	20	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	108,935	21,405	87,530	3,160	555	2,610
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,168,005	504,780	663,225	28,560	11,195	17,365
Physical and life sciences and technologies	253,905	124,050	129,850	4,870	2,670	2,205
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110,950	45,120	65,835	2,010	910	1,095
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	54,745	24,800	29,945	1,050	545	505
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	3,830	1,190	2,640	50	10	40
40. Physical sciences	72,355	48,145	24,205	1,435	1,085	350
41. Science technologies/technicians	12,025	4,795	7,235	330	120	215
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290,045	185,310	104,730	4,910	2,930	1,980
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220,550	150,765	69,790	3,580	2,350	1,230
25. Library science	15,220	2,450	12,770	480	45	435
27. Mathematics and statistics	49,025	28,515	20,515	815	500	315
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	5,235	3,580	1,655	40	40	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,173,030	1,055,050	117,985	35,715	33,585	2,130
04. Architecture and related services	51,845	34,590	17,265	810	595	215
14. Engineering	334,085	271,010	63,070	4,200	3,660	535
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	237,775	214,500	23,275	8,495	7,680	810
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	160	30	125	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	198,790	194,555	4,235	7,300	7,175	125
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225,860	220,545	5,315	8,530	8,335	195
48. Precision production	124,515	119,820	4,695	6,385	6,135	245
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	106,895	67,015	39,880	3,440	2,160	1,280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	66,035	41,790	24,240	2,535	1,585	955
03. Natural resources and conservation	40,860	25,230	15,635	905	575	325
Health and related fields	865,970	173,780	692,185	28,650	5,490	23,165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75,715	37,005	38,705	3,000	1,475	1,535
51. Health professions and related programs	767,680	124,280	643,400	25,255	3,780	21,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	22,575	12,490	10,075	395	240	155
Personal, protective and transportation services	340,285	170,915	169,375	14,385	7,480	6,905
12. Personal and culinary services	183,925	49,390	134,535	7,830	2,450	5,380
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,135	1,815	320	55	50	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	2,610	2,385	225	55	50	0
43. Security and protective services	98,325	68,625	29,695	4,305	2,970	1,340
49. Transportation and materials moving	53,290	48,695	4,595	2,140	1,965	175
Other	1,405	260	1,145	25	10	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,405	255	1,145	25	10	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	7,229,120	3,498,625	3,730,500	207,350	100,110	107,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,521,950	1,299,790	1,222,160	84,075	42,635	41,445
Education	243,635	52,670	190,965	7,890	2,015	5,865
13. Education	243,635	52,670	190,965	7,885	2,020	5,865
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	192,630	85,175	107,450	4,500	1,940	2,565
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	28,705	21,070	7,635	785	585	205
50. Visual and performing arts	163,925	64,105	99,815	3,720	1,355	2,360
Humanities	266,665	95,805	170,855	5,795	2,395	3,395
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	29,210	5,775	23,435	625	165	465
23. English language and literature/letters	73,110	20,225	52,885	1,310	405	905
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	72,145	24,330	47,815	1,525	585	935
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	1,665	615	1,045	45	10	35
38. Philosophy and religious studies	17,755	9,925	7,830	310	205	100
39. Theology and religious vocations	19,390	11,790	7,605	715	450	260
54. History	42,315	21,735	20,585	945	505	430
55. French language and literature/letters	11,075	1,415	9,655	320	70	245
Social and behavioural sciences and law	648,285	207,200	441,085	14,750	4,360	10,395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	8,630	1,785	6,845	150	30	115
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	67,115	26,015	41,105	1,360	600	765
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	111,550	8,405	103,145	3,950	345	3,610
22. Legal professions and studies	108,895	34,250	74,650	1,795	435	1,355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	12,875	2,705	10,170	220	40	185
42. Psychology	93,770	21,045	72,725	2,505	600	1,905
45. Social sciences	245,445	113,000	132,445	4,770	2,310	2,460
Business, management and public administration	1,026,975	414,425	612,550	23,840	8,610	15,230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	2,225	715	1,510	45	15	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	88,130	16,590	71,540	2,510	410	2,100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	936,620	397,120	539,500	21,285	8,185	13,100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	190,235	88,535	101,700	3,425	1,745	1,680
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	84,580	33,150	51,425	1,500	660	840
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	41,255	18,020	23,240	755	375	380
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	3,135	975	2,165	55	10	35
40. Physical sciences	52,490	33,175	19,310	880	615	265
41. Science technologies/technicians	8,775	3,215	5,555	245	85	160
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	252,275	162,360	89,915	3,960	2,380	1,580
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	198,775	136,120	62,655	3,005	1,985	1,020
25. Library science	10,755	1,765	8,995	360	35	325
27. Mathematics and statistics	38,160	21,440	16,720	565	335	230
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	4,580	3,030	1,550	25	25	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	878,300	779,075	99,225	24,355	22,685	1,670
04. Architecture and related services	42,115	27,365	14,745	610	440	170
14. Engineering	266,040	211,240	54,800	2,895	2,465	435
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	178,830	160,160	18,675	6,145	5,525	625
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	140	25	115	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	141,515	138,160	3,360	4,830	4,710	115
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	162,855	158,770	4,080	5,725	5,575	155
48. Precision production	86,805	83,355	3,450	4,145	3,970	175
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	82,775	49,710	33,065	2,655	1,615	1,040
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50,160	30,065	20,095	1,960	1,160	800
03. Natural resources and conservation	32,615	19,650	12,965	690	450	240
Health and related fields	664,880	133,665	531,220	21,420	4,130	17,290
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	58,160	27,950	30,205	2,340	1,125	1,215
51. Health professions and related programs	589,085	96,720	492,365	18,800	2,855	15,950
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	17,640	8,990	8,645	275	150	120
Personal, protective and transportation services	259,400	129,985	129,415	10,670	5,605	5,060
12. Personal and culinary services	137,250	36,225	101,030	5,685	1,855	3,825
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	1,685	1,405	280	50	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	1,415	1,270	145	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	77,190	52,840	24,345	3,275	2,185	1,090
49. Transportation and materials moving	41,855	38,245	3,610	1,640	1,505	135
Other	1,125	220	900	15	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	1,125	225	900	15	0	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	337,885	162,335	175,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,961,460	2,447,010	2,514,445	168,710	80,870	87,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	6,076,985	2,895,745	3,181,240	169,175	81,460	87,705
Location of study inside Canada	4,786,950	2,261,260	2,525,690	145,715	69,800	75,915
Same as province or territory of residence	4,414,485	2,081,525	2,332,960	138,475	66,315	72,160
Different than province or territory of residence	372,470	179,735	192,730	7,240	3,485	3,760
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	1,290,035	634,485	655,545	23,455	11,665	11,790
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	167,260	89,350	77,910	7,875	3,685	4,190
Philippines	115,410	39,750	75,655	1,275	440	830
India	169,340	85,500	83,840	1,095	535	560
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	115,690	66,215	49,470	3,530	2,225	1,305
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	98,415	46,230	52,185	880	365	515
France	10,775	5,800	4,975	140	80	65
Other	613,145	301,635	311,510	8,665	4,330	4,335
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	7,229,120	3,498,620	3,730,500	207,350	100,115	107,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,521,955	1,299,795	1,222,160	84,075	42,630	41,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	4,707,170	2,198,830	2,508,335	123,275	57,480	65,795
Location of study inside Canada	3,713,145	1,728,610	1,984,540	107,895	50,505	57,390
Same as province or territory of residence	3,432,015	1,593,170	1,838,850	103,205	48,225	54,980
Different than province or territory of residence	281,130	135,440	145,690	4,685	2,280	2,410
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	994,025	470,225	523,800	15,380	6,975	8,405
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	127,005	65,045	61,960	5,590	2,385	3,200
Philippines	97,230	32,925	64,300	985	330	655
India	143,205	70,040	73,175	910	425	485
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	62,325	34,315	28,010	1,230	720	510
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	82,020	37,900	44,125	700	300	395
France	8,705	4,630	4,070	105	60	45
Other	473,530	225,365	248,160	5,870	2,750	3,115
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,680	337,885	162,335	175,545
In the labour force	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055	203,830	103,875	99,955
Employed	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,895	188,215	95,365	92,855
Unemployed	529,525	275,370	254,160	15,610	8,510	7,100
Not in the labour force	3,896,765	1,653,130	2,243,630	134,060	58,460	75,595
Participation rate	64.7	69.1	60.6	60.3	64.0	56.9
Employment rate	59.9	63.9	56.1	55.7	58.7	52.9
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.5	7.4	7.7	8.2	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	11,038,440	5,342,755	5,695,685	337,880	162,335	175,545
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	3,696,235	1,561,475	2,134,755	125,880	54,725	71,155
Worked	7,342,205	3,781,280	3,560,925	212,000	107,610	104,390
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	3,837,565	2,148,635	1,688,935	105,140	58,870	46,265
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	3,504,645	1,632,645	1,871,995	106,870	48,735	58,135
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.4	42.3	42.6	42.9	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,055	203,830	103,870	99,950
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	171,050	81,735	89,315	4,320	2,155	2,165
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735	199,510	101,720	97,785
Employee	6,146,035	3,084,740	3,061,295	178,380	88,535	89,845
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	824,595	523,145	301,445	21,130	13,185	7,945
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050	203,830	103,870	99,950
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	171,045	81,735	89,315	4,320	2,155	2,170
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735	199,505	101,720	97,785
0 Management occupations	790,880	483,240	307,635	20,820	12,355	8,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,124,770	357,215	767,555	25,900	7,345	18,550
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	516,110	399,195	116,915	8,940	7,415	1,525
3 Health occupations	447,045	90,495	356,550	14,205	2,450	11,755
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	831,340	265,075	566,265	21,140	6,985	14,150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	225,720	104,445	121,275	4,915	2,205	2,710
6 Sales and service occupations	1,632,085	709,375	922,710	60,120	24,480	35,640
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	927,820	866,870	60,950	29,355	27,660	1,695
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	113,405	88,150	25,260	5,090	3,695	1,395
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	361,455	243,835	117,620	9,030	7,130	1,900
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	7,141,675	3,689,625	3,452,050	203,825	103,875	99,955
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	171,050	81,730	89,315	4,320	2,150	2,170
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	6,970,625	3,607,890	3,362,735	199,510	101,720	97,790
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	102,070	67,005	35,070	4,875	2,975	1,900
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	32,340	27,920	4,415	470	415	55
22 Utilities	50,820	38,195	12,630	1,230	935	290
23 Construction	476,835	419,600	57,230	14,200	12,755	1,450
31-33 Manufacturing	683,335	482,800	200,530	18,270	14,425	3,850
41 Wholesale trade	270,745	178,945	91,800	6,570	4,585	1,985
44-45 Retail trade	783,540	367,175	416,365	24,865	10,785	14,075
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	329,240	242,045	87,190	8,420	5,905	2,515
51 Information and cultural industries	176,715	101,045	75,670	2,550	1,385	1,165
52 Finance and insurance	380,765	169,590	211,180	5,790	2,205	3,585
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	144,275	77,385	66,890	2,995	1,600	1,395
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	567,825	316,685	251,140	9,225	4,955	4,270
55 Management of companies and enterprises	12,365	5,290	7,075	155	50	100
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	338,640	190,210	148,430	11,050	6,235	4,810
61 Educational services	528,470	163,680	364,795	14,615	4,710	9,905
62 Health care and social assistance	754,555	134,270	620,275	23,355	3,715	19,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	147,425	75,330	72,095	8,705	4,685	4,025
72 Accommodation and food services	478,070	201,260	276,805	23,650	9,665	13,990
81 Other services (except public administration)	296,960	133,220	163,745	8,985	4,300	4,685
91 Public administration	415,635	216,250	199,385	9,530	5,435	4,095
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	6,612,150	3,414,255	3,197,900	188,215	95,365	92,855
Worked at home	480,290	242,495	237,795	12,030	5,885	6,150
Worked outside Canada	39,145	25,995	13,150	1,580	935	645
No fixed workplace address	736,715	536,140	200,570	20,305	14,930	5,375
Worked at usual place	5,355,995	2,609,620	2,746,375	154,305	73,620	80,685
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,356,000	2,609,625	2,746,375	154,305	73,615	80,685
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,109,070	1,418,260	1,690,810	76,265	33,110	43,160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	857,565	419,960	437,605	60,835	29,255	31,575
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,350,375	749,770	600,605	16,810	11,020	5,785
Commute to a different province or territory	38,990	21,630	17,355	390	225	160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	6,092,710	3,145,765	2,946,945	174,605	88,545	86,060
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,375,215	2,392,270	1,982,945	146,315	75,205	71,105
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	372,480	151,880	220,600	12,230	5,665	6,565
Public transit	888,920	376,690	512,235	4,730	1,755	2,975
Walked	320,015	143,885	176,130	7,855	3,685	4,170
Bicycle	75,460	50,200	25,260	1,540	1,160	375
Other method	60,620	30,835	29,785	1,930	1,070	860
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950	174,605	88,545	86,060
Less than 15 minutes	1,463,845	675,540	788,310	65,190	29,370	35,820
15 to 29 minutes	1,964,690	991,525	973,165	67,125	33,065	34,060
30 to 44 minutes	1,295,375	706,155	589,225	23,950	13,605	10,345
45 to 59 minutes	612,415	336,090	276,325	7,805	4,920	2,890
60 minutes and over	756,385	436,455	319,930	10,530	7,580	2,950
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	6,092,715	3,145,765	2,946,950	174,605	88,545	86,060
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	413,515	296,265	117,245	12,080	8,655	3,425
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,039,255	640,810	398,445	29,720	19,090	10,635
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,571,230	778,100	793,130	40,390	20,985	19,405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,354,870	577,565	777,310	38,240	14,405	23,835
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	740,330	328,410	411,920	20,825	8,320	12,505
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	973,515	524,620	448,895	33,350	17,095	16,255
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	7,579,085	3,895,880	3,683,200	218,710	110,965	107,745
Single responses	7,434,675	3,828,665	3,606,015	217,090	110,330	106,760
Official languages	7,319,360	3,767,405	3,551,955	216,045	109,705	106,340
English	7,225,210	3,732,550	3,492,655	214,605	109,330	105,275
French	94,145	34,850	59,295	1,440	375	1,065
Non-official languages	115,320	61,255	54,060	1,050	630	420
Aboriginal languages	1,485	765	715	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,420	745	675	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	370	220	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	360	215	145	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,050	525	525	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	495	235	265	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	545	290	260	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	113,835	60,490	53,340	1,045	625	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,305	1,995	1,310	30	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	125	45	80	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	110	35	70	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,175	1,955	1,225	30	25	10
Amharic	75	30	45	0	0	0
Arabic	2,430	1,605	825	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	145	110	40	15	15	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	395	140	260	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	30	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,575	1,065	1,510	45	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	50	50	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,480	1,015	1,465	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,280	495	790	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	20	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,145	435	705	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,980	945	1,035	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	45	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,870	900	975	0	0	0
Telugu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	38,960	21,375	17,580	495	335	155
Albanian	275	170	105	0	0	0
Armenian	145	75	75	0	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	6,655	3,165	3,495	75	40	35
Baltic languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	6,595	3,135	3,455	80	40	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	55	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	120	85	40	0	0	0
Croatian	155	100	50	0	0	0
Czech	25	20	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Polish	1,925	960	960	20	15	0
Russian	2,905	1,240	1,670	15	0	10
Serbian	390	240	145	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	55	40	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	10	0	10
Ukrainian	780	320	460	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,905	3,655	3,250	70	60	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Dutch	790	425	365	10	0	0
Frisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
German	5,690	3,005	2,690	70	55	15
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swedish	55	15	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	240	155	80	0	0	0
Greek	405	240	165	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	11,880	6,560	5,315	35	30	10
Indo-Aryan languages	9,205	4,900	4,310	25	25	10
Bengali	335	160	170	0	0	0
Gujarati	730	255	475	0	10	0
Hindi	800	380	415	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	20	10	0	0
Nepali	80	30	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,025	3,480	2,550	20	15	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	1,150	555	600	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,660	1,655	1,005	10	10	0
Kurdish	105	95	15	10	0	0
Pashto	20	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,530	1,555	975	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	12,680	7,505	5,170	300	200	100
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	945	505	445	30	10	20
Portuguese	5,815	3,865	1,950	0	0	0
Romanian	300	140	160	0	0	0
Spanish	5,590	2,985	2,605	270	185	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	1,010	360	655	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,945	2,505	2,445	50	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	20	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	25	15	15	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	810	295	515	0	0	0
American Sign Language	575	170	410	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	225	130	100	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	57,620	30,735	26,890	350	200	150
Chinese languages	57,535	30,690	26,840	350	195	155
Cantonese	26,955	14,190	12,770	70	55	20
Hakka	30	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	29,090	15,730	13,360	265	140	120
Min Dong	30	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	250	155	90	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,145	565	580	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	90	50	45	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	235	95	145	10	0	10
Lao	80	40	35	10	0	0
Thai	160	55	105	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	465	315	150	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkish	440	295	140	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	420	205	220	15	10	0
Estonian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Finnish	75	25	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	165	130	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	144,405	67,215	77,185	1,620	635	985
English and French	63,665	26,760	36,900	795	255	540
English and non-official language	78,240	39,330	38,910	780	375	410
French and non-official language	175	75	100	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	2,325	1,055	1,270	45	10	35
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	7,579,080	3,895,880	3,683,200	218,710	110,965	107,750
None	6,975,415	3,605,485	3,369,930	210,865	107,625	103,240
English	109,150	48,930	60,220	1,395	495	895
French	260,050	118,655	141,395	3,270	1,325	1,940
Non-official language	226,490	119,130	107,360	3,020	1,465	1,560
Aboriginal	5,970	2,480	3,490	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	220,520	116,650	103,870	3,010	1,465	1,550
English and French	245	100	150	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,620	780	845	10	0	0
French and non-official language	6,080	2,780	3,300	160	50	110
English, French and non-official language	35	25	10	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	13,106,990	6,403,470	6,703,520	393,265	190,625	202,645
Non-movers	11,475,985	5,603,290	5,872,695	343,685	166,240	177,440
Movers	1,631,005	800,180	830,820	49,585	24,385	25,195
Non-migrants	941,380	460,170	481,210	26,400	12,775	13,620
Migrants	689,625	340,015	349,610	23,185	11,610	11,575
Internal migrants	535,180	263,055	272,120	20,945	10,460	10,480
Intraprovincial migrants	467,890	229,080	238,810	19,385	9,670	9,720
Interprovincial migrants	67,290	33,980	33,315	1,555	795	760
External migrants	154,445	76,955	77,490	2,240	1,140	1,100
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	12,546,040	6,116,715	6,429,325	378,475	183,230	195,245
Non-movers	7,887,825	3,845,945	4,041,880	243,625	118,045	125,580
Movers	4,658,215	2,270,770	2,387,445	134,850	65,185	69,665
Non-migrants	2,545,875	1,238,055	1,307,820	69,855	33,545	36,310
Migrants	2,112,340	1,032,710	1,079,630	64,995	31,645	33,350
Internal migrants	1,562,375	761,630	800,740	56,910	27,735	29,175
Intraprovincial migrants	1,380,900	672,540	708,360	52,815	25,665	27,150
Interprovincial migrants	181,480	89,090	92,390	4,090	2,065	2,020
External migrants	549,965	271,080	278,885	8,090	3,910	4,175